PENGUATAN PEMBELAJARAN BIG PAKET 6

TEXT 1

1. Which statement is NOT TRUE about the poster?

A. We should use our own bag.
B. Not all kinds of bags are accepted.
C. We should help protect the environment.
D. We should not waste our own bags no matter what the conditions is.
E. We can get a rebate by purchasing
$25 worth goods and using our own bag.

2. “In event pf any dispute . . . .” The word „dispute‟ means _______.

A. quarrel B. disrespect E. distraction
C. exclusion D. prohibition

TEXT 2
Mangrove Trees
A mangrove is a tropical marine tree or shrub of the genus Rhizhopora. Mangroves
have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish
water (brackish water is salty, but as salty as sea water).
There are several species of mangrove trees found all over the world. Some prefer
more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river).
Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with
sea water every day during high tide. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the
marine ecosystem.
 Mangroves need to keep their trunk and leaves above the surface of the water. Yet
they also need to be embedded to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three
types of mangrove roots:
1. support roots which directly pierce the soil,
2. level-growing roots which twist upwards and downwards, with the upward twists
emerging on the water surface,
3. Level-growing roots whose downward twist (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.
Any part of a root that appears above the water supplies oxygen to the plant under the surface
of the water. As the soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become
embedded in the soil.

3. The main idea of the text is _____

A.Mangroves grow on dry land.
B.Mangroves are tropical marine tress
C.There are many species of mangroves
D.Mangrove roots filter the salt out of the sea-water
E.Mangrove roots are embedded to the ground

4. .In order to grow well mangroves require the following, except _____.
A. The roots twist upwards and downwards
B. The trunk should be above the water surface
C. The leaves should be above the water surface
D. The trees should be firmly attached to the ground
E. The parts of the plant under the water should have enough salt

5. Which statement is NOT TRUE about mangrove trees?

A. They have special aerial roots.
B. They have salt-filtering tap roots.
C. They need salt to grow.
D. Some of them grow on dry land.
E. Their roots which appear above the water supply oxygen.

6.What is the main idea of paragraph 2?

A. The definition of mangrove trees.
B. The habitat of mangrove trees.
C. The types of mangrove roots.
D. The characteristics of mangrove trees.
E. The species of mangrove trees.

7. “Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive
in brackish water.” (Paragraph 1)
What does the underlined word mean?
A. Live well. C. Grow very well E. Sustain
B. Breathe deeply D. Cease
TEXT 3
The following are letters to the editor of a school newspaper.
Students should be allowed to study without worrying about grades. Fortunately, most
educators are becoming aware of the fact that students have different interests and abilities.
However, the regimentation resulting from grades still exists. Grades often stifle creativity.
Competing for better grades causes many students to turn down success on everyone. I do not
demand as some extremists do, that grades should be abolished immediately. However, I do
believe that less emphasis should be placed on grades. I hope that someday grades will
become optional at Village High School, opportunities to pursue music, dramatics and sports.
Grades impose an arbitrary standard.
Magdalena Smith,
President, Drama Club
Let's face the facts about grades. Grades perform three basic functions. First, grades motivate
students to work at their highest level of competence. Second, they act as a reward for
hardworking students and as a reprimand to students who do not work hard. Finally, grades
are used as an effective standard by which to measure student achievement. Good grades help
students to get jobs and to get into university. I've spoken with a number of students who
have jobs, and most of them say that they were hired primarily on the basis of their grades.
My grades helped me land a part-time job and will help me get into university next year. I
think grades are extremely important at Village High School.
Simon Harper,
Member, Science

8.Simon Harper writes from the viewpoint of someone who:

A. wants business to hire more students
B. believes in the benefits of good grades
C. is concerned about students' creativity
D. supports students' interests and abilities
E. doesn't work too hard at his studies

9. Which of the following statements is a fact about grades at Village High School?
A. They are not useful D. They are currently in use
B. They stifle creativity E. They should be optional
C. They foster unnecessary competition

10. Which of the following is NOT an opinion expressed by Magdalena Smith?

A. Grades should be abolished.
B. Regimentation results from grades.
C. Grades impose arbitrary standards of success.
D. Students should be able to learn without worrying about grades.
E. Competition may discourage students from pursuing subjects such as drama and art
11. Grades often stifle creativity. The underlined word means:
A. Stimulate C. Restrain E. boost
B. Encourage D. Enhance

TEXT 4
The forest and peatland fires and smog, billed the worst in Indonesian history, still dominated
media headlines this week, with thousand of hot spots covering Sumatra and Kalimantan. At
least 19 people in Sumatra and Kalimantan have died, and mostly children, have been
hospitalized because of severe respiratory illness cause by the haze. According to the
National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB), the ongoing haze crisis has resulted in more
than 500,000 people in six provinces – Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan,
Central Kalimantan, and South Kalimantan – suffering from respiratory infections.

As evidence indicates that most hot spots are related to oil and palm and pulpwood
plantations, President has instructed the Forestry and Environment Ministry to stop issuing
new permits for peatland cultivation for monoculture, restore damage peatland and review all
peatland licenses that have been issued. Put bluntly, companies can no longer convert active
forests and deep peat or any peat area into monoculture plantations, such as acacia for pulp
and oil palm plantations.

Recent research by forest scientists at the Bogor, West Java-based Center for International
Forestry Research (CIFOR) found that peat swamps in their natural state are resistant to fire
because they are wet underground, but they can be highly flammable when they dry out and
are degraded.

12. What does the text tell us about?

A. The forest fire and the effect in Indonesia.
B. The worst condition of forest fire in Indonesia.
C. The victims of the forest fire in Sumatra and Kalimantan.
D. The instruction from Jokowi to review all peatland licenses
E. The research evidence that peat swamps in nature is resistant to fire.

13. What can we infer from the text?

A. Many people suffered from serious illness because of the haze.
B. Only children have been hospitalized from severe respiratory illness
C. The main cause of haze in Riau came from the slashing and burning of forest areas
D. Companies could convert active forest and deep peat into monoculture plantation.
E. The president has instructed the forestry and environment ministry to issue new permit
for plantation.
14. Put bluntly, companies can no longer convert active forests and deep peat or any peat area
into monoculture plantations, such as acacia for pulp and oil palm plantations.
The underlined word has similar meaning to …
A. compel C. concent E. collaborate
B. alter D. Condemn

TEXT 5
The fish are dying in the Adirondack lakes northern New York State. Fishermen are
worried. This used to be a favorite spot for sport fishing Somehow, every year there is fewer
fish. Some lakes - 6% of them - now have no fish at all. Scientists are beginning to get
worried too. What is killing the fish?
The cause is acid rain. Acid rain is a kind of air pollution. It is caused by factories that
burn coal or oil or gas. These factories send smoke high into the air. The wind often carries
the smoke far from the factories. Some of the unhealthy things in the smoke may come down
with the rain hundreds of miles away. This is what is happening in the Adirondacks. There
are many factories in the Midwestern states. They are sending a lot of smoke into the air. The
wind blows the smoke towards the east. That means toward New York State and the
Adirondack area.
The rain in the Adirondacks is not natural and -lean anymore. It is full of acid
chemicals. When it calls on lakes, it changes them too. The lakes become more acidic. Acid
water is like vinegar or lemon juice. It hurts when it gets into your eyes. It also kills the plants
and animals that usually live in lake water. That is why the fish are dying in the Adirondacks.
15. The topic of the text is …………..
A. the Adirondack lakes
B. acid rain
C. air pollution
D. fish killers
E. factories in the Midwestern states

16. The problem that the writer points out in the text is that ………….
A. fish has become scarce in the United States due to the acid rain
B. there are too many factories in the Midwestern states
C. six percent of fish in the Adirondack lakes is dying
D. the total catch of fish in the Adirondack lakes is decreasing
E. many favorite spots for sport fishing have dried up

17. Which of the following statements is TRUE about acid rain?

A. Acid rain kills all living things in the Adirondacks.
B. Acid rain causes air pollution in northern York State.
C. Smoke emitted by factories creates poison acid rain.
D. The burning of coal, oil or gas increases level of poison in acid rain.
E. Acid rain carries a lot of smoke hundreds miles away.
18. The rain in the Adirondracks is harmful to the environment, because ………….
A. the wind that blows from the Midwestern states sends a lot of smoke containing dan-
gerous chemicals
B. the rain comes from an area where air is badly polluted by factory wastes
C. air pollution caused by factories burning coal, oil or gas has been a problem in the
Adirondacks
D. factories operating in the Adirondack area send polluted smoke high in the air and
come down with the rain
E. the Adirondack area is geographically located in one of the Midwestern states which
is a center of industry

19. If water from an acidic lake gets into our eyes, it will ……………….
A. be like vinegar
B. cause blindness
C. clean them
D. be like lemon juice
E. hurt them

TEXT 6

Scientists used artificial intelligence (AI) to study the spatial relationships between main
earthquakes and their aftershocks. In tests, AI predicted the aftershock locations better than
the traditional methods that many seismologists use.

In 1992, a series of earthquakes prompted an outbreak of interest among seismologists. They

were trying to map out where exactly an aftershock might occur based on how a mainshock
might shift stresses on other faults. After 1992, researchers began trying to refine the
complicated stress change patterns using different criteria. The most used criterion, the
Coulomb failure stress change, depends on fault orientations. However, stresses can push on
the faults from many directions at once. Consequently, fault orientations in the subsurface
can be complicated.

Using AI, the data included more than locations and magnitudes. The data considered
different measures of changes in stress on the faults from the quakes. The AI learned from the
data to determine how likely an aftershock was to occur in a specific place. The team tested
how precise the system could pinpoint aftershock locations using data from another 30,000
mainshock-aftershock pairs. The AI consistently predicted aftershock locations much better
than the Coulomb failure criterion.

However, the study focuses just on permanent shifts in stress due to a quake. Aftershocks
may also be triggered by a more momentary source of stress. A quake‟s rumbling through the
ground could produce this kind of stress. Another question is whether AI-based forecast
system could leap into action quickly enough after a quake. The predictions in the new study
benefited from a lot of information about which faults slipped and by how much. In the
immediate aftermath of a big quake, such data wouldn‟t be available for at least a day.
20. The tone of this passage is. . .
A. critical
B. pessimistic
C. concerned
D. informative
E. persuasive

21. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the text?

A. The coulomb failure stress change is one the traditional methods.
B. The AI technology considers move variables than the coulomb criterion.
C. Using AI can predict aftershock locations based on locations and magnitudes only
D. When an earthquake hits, the faults receive stress from multiple directions.
E. AI offers better precision in predicting aftershocks location after an earthquake.

22. This passage would probably be assigned reading of the following course?
A. computer science D. Statistics
B. Geophysics E. History
C. Engineering