October, /961

37c

...
•
- ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - _ .....1
GET RELIEF FROM GRIEF
WITH

NEW-TRONICS
COMMUNICATION
PRODUCTS
Mechanically better . . .
. . Electrically superior
MODEL NT5 -1 - ALL STAINLESS
Ball, base and spring assembly
NO EXPOSED MOUNTING BOLT HEADS
(Long leakage path)
ONE MAN INSTAllATION
LIGHTER WEIGHT
REDUCED SPRING ASSEMBLY LENGTH
Engineered and built to meet the
most cri tical standard. th is base, b ail
and spring assembly has no e qual. It
will p r ov ide long and carefree ser -
v ice. A lso available in chrome p lated
and cadmiu m p lated m od els.

lfll17r:rn:- r.'-·~;X'\ rr:)"

~(~..:J.T::~ '"T:.D.i"~ '~ ~D_~"

MODEL NB·40 (40 Mel

Similar in appearance to MODEL
C B - 27. Has d iffere n t e lectrica l
characteris tics. Broad ban d i ng
c ha racteristics a n d t u nable feature
p e r m its attenuation of power li ne
and car ignition noises.
Complete line of sta in less slee l w h ips I
Iwith set screw typ e removable adaptors ,
other a n te nn a models, cable and acce s-
sories a vailable for im media te d e livery .
New-Tron ic antennas look better,
wor k better and las t lon ge r t han any
similar p urpose types now available.
T h e y are engineered a nd built to
meet the demands of modern com -
m unications. W ith a ll their extra
features they a re priced no h igher
than similar models. See them at
your electronic distributors or write
for literature.
3455 Vega Avenue
N£W-J'RON'CS Cleveland 13 , Ohio
 73 Magazine
1379 East 15th Street-Brooklyn 30, New York
W ayne Green W2N SD-Editor, etcete ra Odobe r 1961 , Volume I, Numbe r 13
Six Meter Linear Am plifier Bert Green W2 LPC. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
90 watts AM. 360 w a tts PEP SSB, 2 V2 watts drive to pair 7378 s.
Simple High Stability, VFO Fred Haines W2RWJ . . .. . . . . . . . 14
5763 osc., 5763 buffe r. Colpitis circuit.
73 Tests the Central 200V Staff . . . ... . ...... ... . .. . . . . . . 18
It w orks.
CQ de 73 Roy Pafenberg W4W KM . . . . . . . . 22
Converting the ARA-26 surplus keyer Jar ho m work . Ine xpensive . and lois of fun.
Like New Mixer Circuit Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32
New w ay to improve sensitivity a nd stability of yo ur rece iver.
Two Meters the Easy Way Roy Pafenberg W2WKM . . . . . . . . 36
The MRT-90 pcckeet. available surplus , makes a lerrific two meter transceiver.
Useful Accessory for the Sha ck Rex Morris W2WXH/6 . . . . . . . . . . 38
You ca n' t g el along without this wove me le r/field s trength meier/monitor.
Inexpensive Vertical Ken J ohnson W6NKE. . ... . . . . . . 40
Easy 10 put up, tunes 80·40-1 5 meters. a nd works oul fine.
Dual Diversity Beam Geo rge Messenger K6CT " 42
This . w e p redict, will be a v e ry pop ular DX'log antenna.
VFO Circuits Staff " 46
Good and bad features of o il known ci rcuits . Our big technical article.
Obtaining that DX License Gus Browning W4BPD . . . . . . . . . .. 58
Gus divulges his secre t ta ctics which will soon give him a re verse DXCC.
Sequential Electronic Switch Pat Miller KV4CI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Key VFO a nd fina l screens in seq uence for clickle ss spark-free keying .
Propagation Charts Dave Brown K2IGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
What time to where, on what ba nd proba bly. For w orld and U. S. short path.
Send-Receive Ground Switch Howard Pyle YB of W70E . . . . . .. 66
Antenna sw itch for simple ha m s ta tions. A lso ke e ps lightning out
Maximu m Uti lization from Ve rie cs Thomas Snyder W4CAG . . . .. . . . 72
Very useful devices. They're a va ilable surplus if you h unt around. Even new they 're w orth it.
Construction Do's and Don't' s Jim Kyle K5JKX/6. . . . 76
Rules of the game. Read ple ase.
Emcar 6 Emi l Ca rp W3JXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Why you should get Q Pe rsche to go w ith your mobile rig.
Little Th ief Edward Noll W3 FQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Li'I one lube CW rig powered from your receiver.
Associate Editors W 3UZN, W4API, K5JKX/6, VE3DQX
Weste rn Representative: J im Morrissett WA6 EXU , Box B47,
Reseda, California. Ph : DI 5-2077
C over: Re dlo C ircuit, pel nted by he nd by W ~ y ne Gree n, ~g e 39.
de W2NSD 2 Surplus Speekers 75
lette rs . _ 12 lnd"n t Bond C he nqe 80
Simple Ante nne M ~ st 20 Re fi nishing , " 80
J unk Boll. 31 New Prod uc ts 83
Sil icon Re ctifiers . _ 44 life rs 81
Meter Shunt Winding 73 C oil Forms 85
X-sistor Symbols 74 1625's 85
13 ~hu :r.ln t II Pllhlilhed lJl onthly by Amateu r R adio P llhll ahlna. In... . 118 :'i h ln streer. :00;0,....1111: , Conn~tleul B Ul in. , Otnee. 131t Ent
15th Rtreet . Hrook lyn 30. Xew Yor k. T elep hone : D E 6-8RIl0. S ublcrtptlon rat es: IT.S .A. a nd pOl8eulonl , AP O. FPO. Canad a a.nd Medea;
OfIe yea r 13.00 ; ''''0 yrara 15.00 : three- yean 1'1".00 . F orelm : one YtlU 14.00 : twn yeln ST.OO. Sec-ond·cllla DQltaae I'I l ld It N_IIIt.
Cennectlt'Ul . Prln ted In the U. S. A. En tire eontenta l'OIlrTlaht 1961 b, £n1a teur Radlo PubU, htDa. IDe. Po-tIDaat«: P I _ INQoII f _
un ta 13 lIuu1De. liT' Ean 15t.b BUNt. Bronll:tsu 30. N... 'Yon..

OCTOBER 1961 I
 • • • de W2NSD
(neve r say die)

Everything Is a Big Deal A s I wa s breathing' a s ig h of r elief I got a

call fr om the p r inte r.-The plate had been made
One of t he most freque nt question s at con- two in ches too large and wouldn't fit in the
ve nti ons is, "How man y people do you have presse s. After mea suri ng it carefully he foun d
working on 7:l?" They are amazed when I tell that h e coul d trim off th e nice borders I had
th em that just t wo of us a re doing it all . They on it and just get in all the word s and t he
would be even more amazed if they had an de sign. W it h a quivering voi ce I agreed that
idea of t he work that is involved. there was nothing else he could do.
A s an exa mple, and rather t yp ical, let's see So t ha t's how we ma de our Septembe r cove r .
what we had to go through to get th e cover It tock at least ten hours of work by Virginia
for September. Maybe you remember that a nd another ten by me to get it done. T h is,
mo saic qu ad de sign. S tep nu mbe r one is think- unfo r t una tely, is not p art icu larly a special
in g up t he design. T his occu rred to me whil e I case. I've had to do th e design on all but ou r
was lookin g through a cata log from an artist Mat-ch cover my self. Oh, how I wish some one
s upply hou se and sa w that til es weren 't too e lse would come up w it h some good ideas. The
expen siv e. H mm m, how a bout doing somet h ing r u les are sim ple, t he cove r should be rela tively
in tile f or t he cove r ? I sa t down with a pad of s im ple, arti stic, and a s differen t a s possible
quad ruled pape r and wor ked out the de sign, from anyth ing you mi ght see on any other ha m
trying to make it somethi ng th a t was t ypi cally magaz ine. I like t o use onl y one or t wo color s
ha m an d still make e noug h of a p att ern so it due t o the costs invol ved.
would be artistic. Tiles are rather lim it ing as Maybe you t hink t he covet' wa s un usually
a me di um. time consu ming? w ell, let me t ell you about
Once t he desi gn wa s set I cou nted up the what happen s to eve r y art icle t hat we publish.
tiles need ed and drove over to Man hattan to F ir st of all the articl e arrives ill the mail one
g et them. Virginia did the actual work of day (som et ime s I g et a letter a sk in g if I am
pa sting them on a large sheet of cardboard interested in a particular article and have to
with s pecia l tile glue. Thi s took hour s and write back t hat I a m) . Th is then is dated in
hours. when s he wa s done s he mixed up groat and goes into a large ca r ton of articles to be
(a white powder ) a nd wiped it in to the cracks read . I r ead th ese wh en I get a cha nc e and it
be t ween t he t iles . Then the fin ished work had somet imes takes w eek s be for e I have time.
t o be taken over t o New York for a photo- Plying trips to conventions are great for thi s,
graph . Th at's t wo trips so f a r , at two hours I get lots don e on the m.
each t rip . Th en one more trip to brin g back Once read I eit her return them immediately
th e til es and t he fin ished photo. A couple of with an e xpla na t ion 01' else set to work to
sections of the photo did n't come out figure ou t how many pages the a r t icle will run
very well so I sa t do wn w ith a sc issors and in the magazine. I count up t he number of
cut up the two prints and pasted them together lines of copy, measure the length of each line ,
to make one good print. and then u se a chart I have developed to esti-
The print was t hen mailed to the engr aver mate th e number of inche s of column s pace it
to have the fro nt cover engraving made. W hen will tak e (36 inches of typewriter copy equals
proofs of thi s ca me ba ck a few da ys later I one colum n-inch ) . T hen I ndd a couple of
wa s horrified to find that many of the white inc hes fo r t he t itle space, si ze up the d iagrams
lines had dropped out entirely. It looked awful! and figure how large t hey will run, mea sure
I drove over to Manhattan again and gave it t he photos an d, using anot he r cha r t , add in
to Dave F ish, ou r production man , to heavy up thi s sp a ce. Thi s t akes a lot of time, but I
the w eaker lines a bit. He h ad a nega tive haven't fig ured o ut how to do it any fa ster.
photostat made of it and inked in the lines w hen t he space ha s been calculate d I n ot e
with a hand pen in black and then sen t it on the article folde r how much r oom to allow
back to the engraver again for another cut . for it and then write out a check for the num-
Thi s time it came out fine and the cut wa s ber of pages, times $20 per page. Next I have
fini shed just in time to ru sh it by specia l to go through the article again and correct it
messenger to the printer's local offic e in Man- for s pel ling , grammatical errors and devi a-
hattan so he could send it by specia l messenger tion s from our sta nda r d st yle. At the s a me
up to the printing plant in Connecti cut. Whew ! t ime I ma rk it up for the 'pr in ter to set in

2 ·73 :MAGAZINE
 99.50
• TUNES 550 KCS TO 30 MCS IN fOUR BANDS
• BUILT-IN Q-MULTIPLIER fOR CROWDED PHONE
OPERATION
• CALIBRATED ELECTR ICAL BANDSPREAD ON AM-
ATEU R BANDS 80 THRU 10 METERS. STABLE
OSC ILUTOR AND BfD fOR CLEAR CW AND SSB
RECEPTION • BUILHN EDGEWISE S-METER
Sensit ivit y is 1.0 microvolt for 10 db, Signal to
Noise rat io. setec ttvny is :!: 0.8 KCS at -6db
with Q-MU LT IPLIER. TUBES: 6BA6-Rf Am p, 6BE6
Mixer, 6BE6 OSC. , 6AV6 Q· Mu lt ipller-BFO, 2-
LAFAYETTE HE·50 6BA6 I F Amp., 6AV6 Det·AF Amp. ANL, 6AQS·Aud io
outp ut , 5Y3 Rectifi er.
10 METER AMATEUR
TRANSCEIVER TOP VALUE COMMUNICATIONS
RECEIVER
KT.200WX in Kit
Form
64.50
HE.l0 WIRED AND
TESTED
1 09.50 Mt~;.~ 79.95
A significant step forward in r n-meter communications. The • SUPER HET CIRCUIT UTI L1ZING 8 TUBES AN D REC·
Lafayette HE·50 t ra nsceiver sets new sta ndards of flexibility
and performance in the m-meter ba nd . TlFIER TUSE • BU ILT· IN " S" METER WITH ADJUSTMENT CONTRO L
• FULL COVERAGE 80·10 METERS. COVERS 4SSKC TO 31 MC
• Superhet Receiver Section _ Sensitivity 1p.w • Imare ge- • VARIABLE BfO AND RF GAIN CONTROLS • SWITCHABLE AVC
jection 45db • 12 Watts. Input To Final. Use on both 111 AND AUTOMATIC NOiSE LIMITER
VAt " 12 VDC. Built·in Mobile Power supply . Uses Stand·
ard 7 Me fundamental Crystals with Sockets on Front panel The Communicat ions Receiver that meets every amateur need-
• Provision lor External VFO on r ront Panel _ AdjUstable ava ilabl e in easy-tc -assembte kit fo rm. Signal to noise ratio i s
Pi·Network _ Conta ins Sp(ltling Switch • Built·ln ill umi- 10 db at 3.5 MC with 1.25 microvolt signal. serecttvrty is -60
nat ed S Met er. Variable Tuning _ El tremely Effective ad· db at 10 kc, i mage refl ect ion Is -40 db at 3 MC. Tubes: 3-
j ustable Noise Limiter _ Complete with RUlled Push·lo-Ta lk 6B06, 2-6B£6, 2-6AV6, 1-6AR5, 1-5Y3.
Ceramic Mike _ Tub es: 1-GBA6 AF, 1-GRAS IF, 1-6UII
6EA8 IF, 1-GUB/SEAS IF, 1-GUB/6EAS Transmit Osc. ..
Buffer , 1-2E26 Transmitte r output. 1-6AQS Audio output,
1-6CN7 Del " Noise lim iter.

HE·28 RF
WATTMETER
AND Catalog 620
340 Giant Size Pages

• ,• SWR BRIDGE
36.95
Measures SWR & Relati ve Power
up to 1 KW. 150 watts full
scal e-built in dummy load-
Wattmeter ± 5% to 50 mcs.
SWR :!:5% for In l ine use.

OCTOBER 196 1 3
 type, specify ing the exac t size a nd style of
typ e and t he leng th of each line. Frequently
there is considerable rewriting necessary or
ma ssive del etions to take out repetitions.
The photos have to be marked fo r the en -
g rave r so he will know what kin d of cut to
make, wha t scr een to use, a nd wha t size to
make it . These are then packed in a special
envelope a nd ma iled to the engraver. Diagrams
are marked a s t o the finished s ize desired and
a ll parts values are written in on the diagram.
I mu ch p r efer to have as much infor mation
the original on the di ag ram a s possible and keep away
fro m long pa rts list s. T he diagrams are then
mailed to our drafting department. The text
is mailed to our printer.
About f our days later the engravings are
deli vered t o our print er and the proof s come
by ma il to ou r office. Th ese are filed in the
How corne thousands of these little folder a ssigned to t he a rt icle. A week or t en
gadgets are riding around on the hacks days after that in comes the galle)' proofs of
of cars all over the country ? And how the text. 'Ve send two copies of these proofs
to t he author with a note ask ing for him to
come so many are in usc at fixed loca- return one, t he rem a in ing cop ies are fil ed in
tions? the fol der. Two weeks after th is I get word
that the drafting has been completed and is
WE L L ready to be checked. I drive over to Manhattan
Verticals were tri ed first for mobile and ca ref ully check eac h d iagram, marking all
work. Most fi xed sta tions used h orizon - correcti on s. About a week later I recei ve en-
tal polarization and could hard ly hear g raving proof s of t hese dia grams in the mai l.
Now, if th e author will get those galley proofs
the mobiles. Flutter was a serious prob - back, we can set the article up in page f orm.
lem. When Hi-Par introduced the Saturn A few days later in come the proofs. I note
6, mobiles found they could work fi xed with dismay that t he a uthor has thought of
sta tions over a mazing distances a nd a whole bunch of thing s he wishes he'd sa id
that flutter W8S a thing of the p ast. or ig ina lly a nd h a s them written in the mar-
Ign ition noise was greatly red uced t oo. gi ns. I cross all that out (it Cast a fortun e to
T he an ten na became very popula r for reset type) and leave only the actual correc-
fixed stat ions too since it was omn idi- tions of t ypog r aph ical errors. These are then
filed in the a r ticle f old er.
rection al and horizontall y polarized.
Each month I sor t out f rom t he complete
Bea ms are grea t, b ut much of the ti me a rticl es those that we want to use and Vir g in ia
you want to talk to sta tio ns in more sta r ts pasting them up. This mean s cutting
than one d irection at a time. out all the proofs of text, diagrams and ph otos
and pasti ng t hem into the place that we want
Saturn 6 Antenna only .. $11.95 the p rin ter to p ut t hem fo r t he fin ished pag e.
It is ver y t rick y to lay out a page so it look s
Saturn 6 plus mast & well.
bumper mount $16.95 W hile the pages are being pasted up Virginia
has to make su r e that she has all of the
We make a lot of other a ntennas, but photograph s and diagram s in the r ight place.
this is our best seller. \Vrite for info S he often find s t ha t on e is missi ng a nd ha s to
on this an d other antennas. Order hu nt it down. It may turn up stilI on the draft-
th rough your local pa rts d istr ibutor or ing table, on a shelf at the eng r avers, or mis-
direct. laid somewher e at the print sho p. She has to
make a not e on the proofs of all cor rection s
foun d by her a nd t he author so they ca-n be

DI-PAR corrected while th e page is being ma de u p. T he

pasted-up pages are mailed t o t he printer. A
week or so later we get a proof of the com-
Produets CO. pleted pages. A copy of this is mailed to the
author and the remaining copies filed.
FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETS Once th e advertising space is f a irly defi nite
we ca n a ssign page nu mber s to articles. This
(Turn to pa ge b9)

4 13 M A GAZIN E
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o Send free Ca talog & name of I Name, '
neighborhood dist ributor.
~y~i~V;:~s~~~o8 ~~~~se f or I Address .
36-page STEREO HI-FI GUIDE: I
2Sc enclosed f or postage I City Zone St ate..............•.••.
& handling. I Add 5% in Ih . we st,

ENGINEERS: Excellent caree r opportun ities in creative etectrcmcs design. Write to t he Chief Engineer.

OCTOBER 1961 5
 An AM Linear for Six
Be rt Green W2 LPC
lind Mlcheel l eis
c/o Ampe rex Electronic Ccrpcreticn
Hicksvil le, New York

OW would you like to raise the power out- of the AM sig na l therefore the average
f-l put of your present 6 meter AM trans- effi ciency sh ould be much higher for the
mitter from 2.5 watts t o 90 watts without SSB signal.
investing money in a system that will be 5. The efficiency of a Linear Amplifier f or
obsolete in a few years? This would automati- a 2 tone SSB signal will generally run
cally rule ou t the co nst r uct ion of the conven- between 40 to 50 %. For a 100 % s ine
tional Class C Amplifi er and accompanying wave modulator AM signal the efficiency
modulator. There is one method of increasing is about 25 to 30 %.
the output of your present low powered AM 6. A Linear Amplifier with 200 watts of
tran smitter and st ill be able to u se this new plate dissipation available will be able
equipment for Single Sideband in the future to produce approximately 180 watts of
years. The an swer is an AM Linear Amplifier. SSB output or 90 watts of AM output.
F or those not familiar with Linear Ampli- 7. It shou ld be kept in mind that the 180
fier s the f ollow ing info rm ation may be en- watts SSB power r epresents 360 watts
lightening. peak power and that the 90 watts of
1. The const ruct ion and oper a t ion of an AM AM al so represents 360 watts of peak
or SSB Linear Amplifier is the sa me. power. This mean s that in either case
2. The effi ciency of a Linear Amplifier when the amplifier will linearily amplify a sig-
used with a SSB s ig na l is about 40 to nal up to 360 watts peak power.
50% while with an A:\I sign a l the effi - From the above fa cts t he concl usion is
cienc y drop s to about 25 to 30 '70 . reached that if a Linear Amplifier is con-
3. The efficiency of a Linear Amplifier st r ucted for our 6 meter AM exciter, this
varies w ith the amplitude of th e input amplifier will st ill be u seful when SSB arrives
s ign al. \Vh en t he input sig na l is zero on the scene in years to come. As mo st 6 meter
t her e is no out put and thu s the efficiency exciters produce only a few watts output an
is zero. As the input signa l is increased amplifier that would increase the out put to
the efficiency of the amplifier increases somewhere near 100 watts would really be
reaching a maximum of about 70 0/0. worth while.
4. The peak to average ratio of a 2 tone For our amplifier we decided to u se a pair
SSB signa l is 2:1 while the peak t o aver- of Amperex 7378's. Thi s tube is a new radia-
age ratio of a 100 0/0 sine wave modu- t ion cooled gla ss tetrode that was designed for
lated AM signal is 4: 1. From this it is low voltage high current operation as a Class
obviou s that since the average power AB, linear amplifi er. Thi s tube is so new that
level of the SSB test sig na l is twice that leAS ratings and ratings above 30 megacycles

6 13 MAGAZINE
 NOW COVERS 6 METERS IN ADDI-
\ I
\1 I TION TO 160, 80, 40, 20, 15,10
• I

,.
.,,

75 watts CW input
... 65 wafts AM!
Now-a new version of t he popul ar Viking " Ra nger" .. . th e
" Ranger-If" Transm itte r/Exciter! Completely self-co ntai ned in a
handsome re-styled cabinet, the " Ranger II" now covers 6 meters!
As a tran smitter, the "Ranger I I " is a rugged a nd compact 75 watt
CW input or 65 watt phone un it. Pi-network coupl ing syste m will
mat ch antenna loads fro m 50 to 500 o hms and will tunc o ut large
amounts o f reactance. Single-kno b bandswitc hing o n six amateur
bands: 160. 80. 40, 20, 15. 10 a nd 6 meters-built- in VFO o r
crystal control. Timed seq uence (grid block) keying provides ideal
~'l"~" m a ke " o r "break" o n your keyed signa l, yet the "break -in"
ad vantages of a keyed VFO are ret ained.
As a n excite r, the "Ranger II" will d rive a ny of the popular kilo-
watt level tubes, pro vides a high q ual ity speech driver system for
high powered modu lators. Control functi ons for the high powered
stage may be handled right at the exciter-no modificati on re-
qui red to shift from t ransmitter to exciter operation . Nine pin
receptacle at the rear bri ngs o ut TV I filte red control and aud io
leads fo r excite r o pe ra tio n. Th is receptacle a lso permit s t he
" Ranger II" to be used as a filament and plate power source, and
also as a modu lator for auxiliary equipment such as the Viking
"6N2"' VHF transmitter. Unit is effectively TVI suppressed . . .
extremely stable, temperatu re compensa ted built-in VFO gives you
exceptiona l t uning accuracy and ve lvet smoo th control. Complete
with tu bes, less crystals, key and micropho ne.
Cat, No. 240-162·1
V'k'
ling " Ra nger II" K'It. . .. . . . . .. A mateur N et

Write today for o ur Cat. No. 240-162-2 Viking " Ra nge r II" wired
ne west Am ate ur Ca talog! and tested Amateur Net
Available now-
conta in s photos.
schematics . and detailed
specifications!
FIRST CHOICE AMONG
THE NATION' S
A MATEURS
®
E. F • .JOHNSON COMPANY. WASECA, MINNESOTA

O C TO BER 1961 7
 tank via L r, The input power is adjusted by
varying the coupling between L, and L, and
tuning out the reactance of LI by means of the
series capacitor Clo
The grid tank capacitor rotor is grounded
(Ct) . The bias voltage is fed through a 47 ohm
decoupling resistor (R,) to the center tap of
the grid coil. Each grid is fed through a
parasitic supp r essor consisting of a coil in
parallel with a resistor (L.R:) (kR.) to give
a resultant impedance of 18 ohms at 50 mega-
cycles and 23 ohms at 120 megacycles. This
was used to s uppress a parasite at 120 mega-
cycles, the parasitic input circuit being formed
by the cathode lead inductance and the cathode
capacitance to the grid and filament.
The cathode is grounded by means of a
heavy copper plate, which exte nts the full
width of the tube socket . This low inductance
are not as yet published. The ecs ratings show cathode lead keeps the parasitic frequency as
the anode dissipation at 100 watts up to 30 far above the operating frequency as possible.
megacj..cles without any air cooling required. Neutralization is accomplished by ser ies tun-
The t ube carries a maximum ees voltage rat- ing th e sc ree n by means of capacitors (Cs, CUI,
ing of 825 volts and a maximum ecs plate e ll, C12) tied back to the cathodes. It is advis-
-urrent rating of 400 milliamps. able to return th e capacitors back to the
F or 50 mega cycles we decided to run the cathode itself rather t ha n the grou nd side of
tube un der ees ratings with a small blower the cathode lead so that any rf voltage de-
supplying air cooling to make up for the in- veloped across the external cathode lead does
creased heating at the higher operating not affect the neutralization. The n eutralizing
frequen cy. capacitors were paralleled since a physically
Amplifier Circuit small capacitor with su fficient capacity was no t
readily available.
The rf Amplifier Section consists of a The screen grid s are decoupled from the
stan dar d push-pull circu it using two 7378's power su pply by means of resistors (R., R 5).
(Figure 1). These r esistors are sh unted with rf chokes
, ": " ... l. ..... tnnut lin e is coupled to the grid (Le, ~) to prevent the resistors fr om impair-

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• 73 MAGAZINE
 ing the de regulation of t he scr ee n s u pply
voltage. F or linearity t he dc scr een voltage
must be held very constant.
The r otor of the plate tank capacitor (CI7)
is lef t fl oating so as to permit the pl at e circuit
to seek its own balanced ground. For the s ame
reason the tank coil ( L1) is decoupled from the
plate su pply by mean s of resi stor (Ru). A
shunting r f choke (Le) keeps the de voltage
drop across {Rs) to a minimum thu s mainta in-
ing con stant plate voltage to the t ube.
Generally, parallel mode oscillation of a
push pull oscillator is prevented by floating
the groun d of t he tank circu it and inser ti ng
some impedance in the g r ound lead a s described
above. The explanation being that if the tubes
tend to oscillate in a parallel mode t hen the
resi stor (&.) and rf choke (Ls} are in ser ies
with the tank circuit reducing the Q of the
tank circu it to a p oint wh ich prevents osci l-
lation. For push pull operation no rf currents
flow through the resistor (Ru) a nd rf choke
( L Il) t h us t he Q of the tank is maint ai ned.
I n it ia lly, a parasitic oscillation of 180 mega-
cycles was present. This para site was traced
t o the series circuit consist ing of the plat e
capacity, plate to tank circuit leads, and the
capacity of the tank capacitor {Co}. This oscil-
lation occurred on ly when t he t a nk capacitor
(C n) was near its maximum capacity range.
However , th is porti on of the capacity range
was n ot necessa r y for tu ning t he 50 to 54
megacycle range. Therefore, 4 rotor and 3
stator plates were removed fr om each side DESIGNED FOR
of t he t ank cap acit or {Co} t o r emedy the
above problem . HALF-TON ANTENNAS
The 50 ohm output lin e is coupled to the
pl at e tan k circuit by means of the coil ( Ls} We've designed our HAM-M antenna rotors
which is movable to permit variable loadi ng.
T he reactance of the coil ( Ls ) is tuned out by to support a dead we ight of 1000 Ibs.
means of t he series capacitor (CIS). Your antenna probably weighs a small
fraction of that, so see for yourself the kind
Power Supply of safety margin the HAM-M gives you!
The power s up ply schematic IS shown in But there's more! A positive electromechan-
F ig . 1 an d the requirements are as follows :
Pla te 800 Volts de @ 400 rna ical locking mechanism provides 3500
Screen 310 Volt s de @ 26 rna inch·pounds of resistance to the side thrust
Bia s -25-75 Volts de @ 0 rna and whipping action of hurricane-force
Filaments . . . •. 6.3 Volts ac @ 8 amps winds. And its bell-shaped, high tensile
A pl ate t r ansfor mer to fit t he above requi re- strength aluminum alloy housing is corn-
ments was not commercially available. Ther e-
fore four line isol ation transformers (TIT. pletely waterproof, assures brilliant per-
T,TIi) of the 230v /11 5v type were used with formance even when caked with 5 inches
the 115v windings in parallel a s the primary of ice!
and the 230 volt windings in series as the
seconda ry. At $119.50 amateur net, the HAM-M is
W hen cons ideri ng a typical 230v/ 115v iso- the greatest rotor value around! For
lation transformer it shou ld be noted that the further information, contact Bill Ashby
wi nding r a tio of t he t r a nsformer is not 2 : 1 K2TKN, or your CDE Radiart Distributor.
as the published voltage ratio wou ld indica t e
but rather 2 :1.05 to compensate for the drop
in the second ary voltage due to load ing. If we CORNELL-
no w use this tra nsformer backwards (115v I
230v) then we have a ratio of about 1 :1.9. DUBILIER
T his means that Instead of getting 115v to CORNEll·DUBIUER ElECTRONICS, DIY. OF FEDERAL PACIFIC
ELECTRIC CO ., 118 E. JONES ST., FUQUAY SP RI NGS. N. c.

OCTOBER 1961 9
920v from our transformers we were only able circuits in the amplifi er adju sted for ma xt-
to get approximately 870 volts. I n order to mum reading on the wave meter, the scr ee n
attai n sufficient secondar y voltage it wa s neutralizi ng cendensers (ClI, Cia, ClI, CI ~) are
necessa r y to use a spa r e 12.6 volt winding on ad j u sted until a minimum output is indicat ed
the filament transformer (T t) as a li ne boost on the wave m eter.
transformer in the primary of our plate
transformer. Amplifi er Tuning
The bias vol tage is secured fr om tran s-
fo r me r (Te) which is a filament transformer F or maximum powe r output in conjunction
hooked up backwards and securing its 6.3 with t he gr eatest degree of linearity the tun-
volt primary voltage from one side of t he ing procedure requires in addition to the
7378 filamen t tran sformer ( T I ) . Since the front pan el meters some means of monitoring
pr imary current requirement of the bi a s t he degree of distortion. A relatively s im ple
transformer is very low it does not upset the method of di st ortion mon itorin g may be ac-
balance of the 7378 fi lament transformer. complished in the following manner. A diode
The filament of each 7378 is connected to peak detector circuit is connected to the input
one half of the 12.6v windin g on the fila- of the amplifier while a second one is con-
ment t r ans for mer (Tt) with the transformer nected to the out put of the amplifier. One of
center tap leg- bei ng common to bot h fil a- the above peak detectors is connected to the
ments. T his provides 6.3 volts to each tube horizontal in put of a sco pe while the other
filament. detector is connected to th e vertical input of
Construction t he scope. When the amplifier is linear, that
is t he output s ig nal is exa ctly the same as the
The power su pply is mounted towards t he input sig na l, the trace on the scope will be
r ear of the chassis and the amplifier is in the a st r a ight line. Any distortion in the amplifier
shielded compartment towards the front. The will cause the str a ig-ht line display on the scope
shi elded compartment is constructed of per- to curve at the ends.
forated aluminum. The blower is mounted un- E ig. 2 shows the sch emat ic of the diode
der the chassis just below the 7378's. The plate detector circui ts fo r monitoring the input and
rf choke ( L.,) is mounted in a sh ield ca n output circuit s. Fig. 2 also show a typical
(open at the top) to aid in keeping- the cold scope presentation for li near and nonlinear
end of the choke out of the rf field. The shield operation of the amplifi er.
ca n is a 35 mm film container. To adjust th e amplifie r , u sin g a 100 % sine
Standard components are used for the phys- wave modulated sign al sour ce, the input capa-
ical construction. The chassis is al uminum ci t or (C,) an d the grid ta nk capacitor (Cc)
17"x17"x4". The cabinet is a P r emier Prem- shou ld be tuned f or maximum plate and scr ee n
O-Rak 18" deep x 12 % " high. The front cu r rent wh ile th e drive power f ro m the exciter
p anel is aluminum 19" xl0 %". is adj usted to a level just at the point of grid
cu r re nt . The plate tank capacitor (CI7) shou ld
Neutralization be adjusted for r esonance (ma ximum power
out put ) and the out pu t link ca pacitor (CI~)
The amplifie r is neu tra lized by mean s of should be adjusted for maximum power out-
scr een g-r id neutral ization. Li mited dr ive is put. The coupli ng- between the pla te ta nk cir-
applied to the inpu t of the amplifier so as no t cuit and the output li nk (L ~) should be
to exceed 1 rn a on t he grid current meter with ad justed for g reatest powe r out put while still
no voltage on the scr ee n or plates of t he tube. maintainin g good linearity. This may be don e
A grid dip oscilla tor, set to diode position so by watching the scope a s described previously.
a s to act a s a sensit ive wave mete r is held The final obj ect being to a chi eve the longest
near the plat e tank coil. "'ith all the tu ned st ra igh t line scope p resen ta t ion. During t he

Z70f2 W 0-'00 M..

'" "" ocr

IIHI
OUTPUT
so
ee /

,
,. ., I :lOCVOC /

(,
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oc I

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~,

Fig. I

10 73 MAGAZINE
 "Terri c! ... Unbelievable • • •
·
B est rtB" ever.'"
Here are a few unsolicited comments from owners of Clegg VHF equipment
From O h io:
" . . , I am a quality control supervi sor with a leading
el ec trical manufacturer and this Ze us transmitter is to
". me the finest piece of workman sh ip that I have ever
•
• -- •
purcha sed or inspect ed .. ."
, .ew II a n lps Ilire
F r omA . : Hi ch ard E . Ha yes, K8 UXU
.... • ". , . We feel that our new Zeus is the best th ing that
ever happened to us since we have been in ham radio
( 5 years) " ."
Hazen & Bean-ice Bean, Kl]FQ
From F lo r id a:
", .. W e are well sa tisfied with the results of thi s unit
•• as we have wo rked fort y DX co ntacts in litt le more than
three hours on )Iay 23, 1961, including six new states
wh ich we were unable to work in the past two years
with a 120 walt, 6 & 2 transmitter of a different
m f g, . • , "
J a ck E d low, K 4YI W
F ro m Ca li fo rnia :
A highly efficient, 185 watt AM, high power VHF tran s-
", , • Never before have I be en more plea sed with a
mitter for furr coverage of the amateur 6 and 2 meter
piece of gear than I am with my Zeus. In two days I
band s and associated Mars frequencies. have worked 24 sta tes wit h severa l contacts in each,
Automatic modulation control with up to 18 db of speech
( phone ) on six meters, And the sig nal rep orts - yow 1
clipp ing proV'ides magn ificent aud io with " talk power "
For the most part un bel ievable •.•"
greater than many kilowatt rigs.
This beautiful unit with its ultra -stable VfO is the ulti- J eann e &: J oh n 'W a lke r, " 'A6 GE E
mate in VHF equ ipment for amateur and Mars operation. From P enn syl vunia s
"Words ca nnot express the pleasure a nd perform ance of
ZEUS, r have worked 5 sta tes 5-9, plu s I have given you
$1 ,000,000 adverti sement, . ."
F r-om P u erlo R I·CO : Dr. A. Schlee ter, K30 EC
". . . I want to inform you of the e xcellent result s ob-
tained with th e . Zeu s Tran sm itter I bought one month
ago. T aking ad vant age of the band opening, I have been
able to work up to the pre sent thirt y-ei ght sta tes, in-
eluding Ca liforn ia , .."
From ~ew J ('r!O('y : Pedro Fu lla nn, KP4 AAX
•
", " . I would like to tell you I a m more than deli ghted
wit h the operation of the Ze us. H ave had nothin g but

i -t ' - ••
good reports from other Ha m's , , ,"
F rom G('org ia:
])onald E. Gill mo r(', 'WA2QCQ
" . , . Th is set is terri fi c. I've had terrifi c results with it.
Cil ..
It's the best rig - ever."
Geo r~c E. ::\l issluH"k , K4QOE
99'er Transceiver K8CII E in O h io t ells ..bout 99'cr
FOR 6 METERS ", .. with the 99'er haywired in from a Iout element
beam, throu gh 100 feet of co ax, throu gh a ru. tching
Th is completely new transmttter-recelver is ideal for both
network, through a length of 72 ohm twin lead , and then
fixed station and mob ile operation. Small in size, low in
thro ugh a le ngth of 300 ohm twinle ad to reach the
cost, and tops in performance , the 99 'er offers operat ing
99'er, we co uld read the Michigan sta tions Q5! and
features unequalled in far more costly equipments. The
back thro ugh the a bove haywire we were able to put
double convers ion superhet rece iver prov ides extreme
4.4 watt s into the an tenna a s measured by a RF am-
select ivity, sensitivity and fre edom fr om images and cross I ..
modulation. The transmitter section employs an ettra-
me I er ....
stable crystal oscill ator which may also be con-
K e n P h ill ips, K8CH E
trolled by externa l VFO , An efficient, ful ly modu-
lated 8 watt fina l works into a flex ible Pi net-
work tank circuit. A laree S meter also serves LABORATORIES
for transmitter t une-up procedu re.

OCTO BER 1961 II

 Letters

(lear W a yne :
I have j us t been made forcibly aware of the presence
of th ree frightening members of the ama teu r rad io
com munity- t he Know-Nnthing K Novice. and his o lde r
brothers. the Technically Deficient Tech and the Gen-
E'rall)' Apaf hetic General. ThE'Se bi rds are usually well;
disguised a s nor mal ( Hah I) amateurs. but t he astute
o bse r ve r can easily see them for what they are. Gradu,
ally, it seems, they are takina- OVE'r ham radio, and turn-
ing it into a sort o f variable-frequency CitizE'ns Band .
enure t u ning ope r a tion t he input sign a l shou ld Rather t han giving a detailed descriptio n of t he three,
I s ha ll descr-Ibe an encounter with a Novice/Tech of the
be consta ntly monitored to keep the grid cur- epec tes who lives in my apartment building. (I s ha ll call
rent just a t zero grid current. him Ha r vey, because t hat h a ppens to be his name.)
T ypica l operating conditio ns for maximum A few mi nutes ago, this Video Ranger rang my belt,
power output w ith good li nea r ity when th e was admitted ( firs t mtatnke} , a nd promptly began to fire
Questions at me, This is typical; I've been trying to an.
amplifier is driven by an exciter that is 100% ewer h is Questio ns tor many years now, but. in mid-
modulated with a sine wave s ignal is a s s en te n ce, a thoug ht struck me. " Wait a m inute," sa id I.
follows : "Aren't you a 'reeh t " In answer, he proudly pulled out a
A VG Drive Pwr (100 % Sine gE'nuine Tecbntctan'e license, n eatly encased in plastic.
H is problem, I s hou ld mention a t this point, was to de-
W a ve Modulat ed ) 2.5 watts cide whether or not h e could convert his transmitter
AV G Loa d P ower Output. 90 watts ( a popular bandswitching Novice kit) to s ix meters. H e
P ea k Load P ower Output 360 watts had seen in the August-a con ve rs ion of another rig, and
P ower Gain 15.6 db wondered if he could do what WI • • • did. Now I fully
a pprove of his spirit and desi re to improve h is rig, but
I"t . .. . . .. . ... . ... . .. . ....••..•... Oma 8OmE'thing wa s wrong. Shou ldn't a h am who has passed
l ei 26 rna the s ta nd a rd thE'Ory t est know enough about circuitry,
Is 412 rna reacta nce, a nd resonance to recognize t wo etmoet-tdentt,
I s zero sig na l 150 rna cal p i-networks and compute parts values ? I am reason.
a bly sure that he got a high score on the theorj- test;
Conclusion when I a sked him about capacitive reacta nce he could
throw a form ula at me, but couldn't explain what it
A s a n AM li nea r amplifier sa t isf actor y oper- meant. I have n othing against his not kno wing, but when
ation in the 50-54 megacycle band was obtained he has gotten a license which a ssumes that he DOES
kn ow somet hing, then, a s I s a id, eom et hlng is wrong.
deliver ing 90 watts output with 2.5 watts of Wh e n a sked how he passed the Tech test, he s a id that
dr ive. he had merely "memortaed the Questions in the license
W hen used as a linear amplifier for a manual." Further i n ves tig a tio n revealed that he didn't
Gonset Communicator some means of at- really c are about h ow his rig wor-ked, didn't know t he
r eaia t o r- color code and didn't want to learn it, didn't
t enu a ting the 5 watt output of the Gonse t to o wn ANY books on radio theory or operation. and just
2.5 watts must be u sed. A typical attenuator wanted me to s top bothering h im with Questions and
for 3 db would be a resisto r T pa d with 8.6 s how him h ow to put hi s r ig on s ix.
ohms in each ser ies arm a nd 140 ohms in t he How , then, does he differ- from a Citizens Bander?
Well, he s a ys he has passed a teet, and 80 impliE."S that
shu nt arm. he knows radio theory and is entit.led to look d own his
(Tests ma de on a borrowed Gonset Corn- nose at C B'ers, little k nowi ng that he is one at h ea r t .
mu nieator indicated only 700/0 modulat ion . If Perhaps the fault Iiee with him, perhaps his attitude is
this is true for all Com mu n ica tor s then the a product o f a world o f objeettve t eete, CB'era, license
manuals, anti _intellectuals, and apathy. I n any case,
figures shown in paragraph above on ty pic a l so me t h i ng shou ld be done to ma ke our hobby JE'll S of a
operati ng condition s would n ot be a s shown breeding-ground of the Know-Noth ln p. the 'I'eehnlc a lly
when a communicator is used as a dr-iver.] Deflctent, and the GE'TIerally Apathetic.
. .. W 2LP C Daniel W azcog Ga rd n u W A2COG-WA2S 0 F

Coil Data
Ll 3 elosewound turns #1 2. *"
dia.
L2 4. turns #12. %" die, 1%" long.
Dear 01\1 :
L3 21h turns #16 on R3.
I just ordered some junk from Columbia Electronics
L4 2 "h turns #1 6 on R2 .
and told 'em I sa w their edvertteemeat in a magazine,
L5 Ohmite Z.IU RF Choke
L6 Ohmite Z-14.4 RF Choke like you said , but I couldn't remember which mai'azlne.
L7 6 turns (C.T.) #10. S" long, 1" d ia. Inctderrtally, nobody U SE'S expressions like "Bah I" in edl-
LS 8 turns #10 elceewcund 1" dia. torials any more. Let'. s ee more pictures of your wife.
LS Ohmite Z-25 RF Choke I like her.
'L Ohmlte Z.28 RF Choke • • • K en W7 IDF

12 73 MAGAZINE
 .. ,,,,v;...' ;'; ~ '::;"""' ''''''':''''''''''''';' = ' '''''' ''' ~'~"'m; -»:'''''' "' >=<·:WN · · · ~"'«*"~~<<<-»:"""""'_*"..:'" >w_.~<m W~.,...,.· '",,,,,,=m- ---..~~. W·.,.,.,,#· ~ ~,< w ON"""»"'..:_:::'-.,.,.,-V,, ····_,
·::::;;::~,···,:":«:~:::::::::,,:;<:.~::::tft':::'::~:8;::·;::;:·;·:·;::::;:«:'r,::;;':;;:·:·y""'......... ''''~'4;:;::::::::::;:'~:::::>.<*%=$0,:<·''*'';:::::::::::%#ti t,b~,,,::"::%~~%::::::-£ m'1(. :::::;::::: ~::;:\W·,·;·;::t::~;::::::m:::i#,;;~,,;:::::~;;::;·;:,::;::,;::;;~::::::llir%':::-:}'<""~:::::':

~tIPJ{ffiJXH.0'" " = % 1 ; ; ' " . ·;,nwil!IIII\I{'.I~11111"Mw····<t~\III'JIIJIIIIJ.li

lJlll' Now! You can go SSB 'tl~ll'ilmJI'~~'I\I~I ~ml!I~!;IIlt
:&i
··:Ij:~
t
a
LOt
a pron • I NVtiW+
<="''-lIWkMw
;{r~M1i1nWSttflf:!:i:~L
"jwJNMX;
&biNill8
,1;1 ::;~~n~o;e~rC~~a~ "~Wt;o~~o~nm::n~o~:~:: even lI JI!II;i!lih ...,.;.'$.:-:':"""
!lill fJ
.,.::::::~.< w,·,..w.
more than you paid for it! ",';' ' '4',;"" "Cq lYn
These extra -h igh allowa nces make a new Gan set \%]ftti&1110}~1JrAfg~,. ---""'-=;'d
GSB·lOO a real worth-whi le investment - one l<Wi'
that will pay you big dividends in greater
operating pleasure.
Jil
lin
i'

, having more fun, with SSB. Send the coupon ""W;IL"'' ' 'N FOR YOUR GONSET
*~}i ~r ~
:~#\.,
t o me today!
73 Do" "'71
".,,~ W2AVA
,.£@t&tti f&mtW
4';,*mj;i~.b~;·:<W;%
$440.00-G76, with pack
31 O.OO-G77, with pack

.;.;~}f.~m'~~::fdtJllil\"lfl~J!~(<<I_'
340,00-G77A, with pack
'.yit~,'=lh-.
:,:=: :~~. _. t , ,.
....;:;:::;::::~~::,:::,::::~::,mill "~0X0;ill:,:~~~:%·~:: 260.0O-Communicator J
280.0O-Communicator 11
330.00-Communicator 111 ..1.'.'1."
365.00-Commun icator IV 2M ".
<""" ',,::;:;:;:::;i~;:;:;:
.•.• n~h~
c::iiiiiii3 ::;:;:,:::~:.·,,'.·~0tk·:~·"'·
.="'~: , """'''nV. , . - --- - '~;-::::ill:~::::,:,1:~
_.. _ _ _ ·...··:::::w;~;·r
...
355.00-Communi cator IV6M
FOR YOUR JOHNSON
H
.se
Y,
.~
~ . $260.00-Viking I
300.00-Viking 11
tl • .
.. ~.
, 315.00-Ranger
255.0O-Chaii enger
8 ....· ' GSa-lOO 410.00-Valiant
300.0O-Pacemaker
•
TRANSMITTER 260.0~ av i ga t or
240.00-SN2 Transmitter
The GSB·l OO is a complete, self-con - Output circuit utilizes pi -network. The FOR YOUR COLLINS
t ained SSB transmitter f or operation on new GON SET FILTER-PHASING network
80-40-20-15-10 meter bands. Th is trans- gives high sideband rejection. uses a $250.00-32V·l
m itter is rated at 100 watts PEP output, quartz crystal band -elimination f ilter for 325.00-32V·2
operates on SSB with selectable side- carrier suppression of more than 60 db. 385.00-32V·3
bands, phase mod ulation, AM and CW, This filter avoids critica l carrier bal- FOR YOUR CENTRAL
ancing. $245.00-108
Frequency control is by fixed quartz 300.00-20A
crystal and built-in VFO. Latter features FOR YOUR HEATH
Bring your prob lems to the exceptional stabi lity. Unit gives full 600
kcs with in all amateur bands, 80 t hrough $170.00-DX'35
HARRISON·GONSEr 10. Highly effective voice-operated con- 200.00-DX40
+ WORKSHOP + trol system (VOX) is provided . Heavy
duty 115 VAC power supply is built-in.
280.00-DX·1Q0
330.00-TX·l
CLINIC -rer original Factory·wlred equip-
Free! To help you get more enjoyment from Model 13233 ........$499.50 ment, de livered here In good op-
your Gonset equ ipment, Adv ice, minor repa ir s erating cond ition, toward a new
and adjustm ents, by Factory experts, without
charge.
COLUMBUS DAY WEEKEND
r--------
RUSH this coupon, today! 6
GSB-lOO.
For others, regardless of make
model, and condition, 1 will still
I Sil Harrison, W2AVA
Oct. 12, 13, 14, 10 to 5.
allow you a lot more than it's
worthl
. I " Ham Headquarters, USA ":
'--------,---- I Here's my $10 deposit ( ret u r n ab l e at any t ime) t o reserve a new
Go nset GSB·l OO. so won't b e disappointed . I

I ,,0 I am sh ipping my to you fl?r

I OR' 0 What
your gua ranteed allowance of $1 _
is your extre-hlg h allowance f or t h e gea r I describe o n t he
I attached sheet?

225 GREENWICH STREET I I (can) (ca n not) v isit you w ith it.

NEW YORK 7, H. Y. I onI want terms o a m onth.

Charge
o Account. $i _

BArclay 7·7922 I Name' t h e bala nce:

Call _
LONG ISLAND: 144-22 HIUSIDE AVE.,IAMAICA-RE 9-4102 Address' _
1
I
I
A Simple
Hi9 h Stab iii ty
VFO
Fred H aine s W2RWJ
12) Roberta Drive
live rpool. New Vorl

D OR seve r a l years now, the series-tuned Keying of the oscillator is s at isf actor y for
r Clapp oscillator, or variation s of it, have 80 and 40 met er operation, although an alm ost
enjoyed a n almost unique position in the lore imperceptible chir p is present. For more ideal
of Amateur r adio. That position is deserved characteristics on the higher frequencies, am-
and ha s been earn ed through excellent elec- plifier or differential keying is recommended.
tr ical sta bili ty. In terms of mechanical st abil- A switch in parallel with the key jack is u sed
ity, however, the Cla p p circuit has added to provid e a " zero beat" condition for tuning
ma teri ally to t he sa les of f oam rubber pad s the oscillator to t he desired s pot in the band
an d shock mounts. Anyone who has con- without energizing the tran smitter.
st r ucted one of these "nervous beasties" know s I use t he VFO as a cont rol center for the
ex actl y wh at I mea n. stat ion. A 117 vol t outlet is mounted on the
I decided to throw caution to the wind and r ear of the chassi s and su pplies eo power to
try an old faithful Colpitts oscillator to see the high voltage pla te su pply of the tran s-
if somet hing could be done about the micro- mitter. A switch on the VFO front panel con -
phon ic problem. The results have been ex- troIs th e He t o th e ou tlet. Note that an int er-
tremely g ratifying, and th e cir cuit so stable lock cir cu it is used so that the transmitter
and fr ee of mechanical shock effect s, that I cannot be turned on until the VFO is ener -
cou ldn 't resi st sh ar in g my experience with gized .
others . Even t hough the high-C oscilla to r is mu ch
The circu it consists of an elect r on-cou pled better th an ot her s in r esistance t o microphon-
Colpitts oscillator, followed by a class A st ag- ics, it is desirable to take some precautions
ger-tuned buffer st ag e. The rf output is more against in stability. Accordingly, the VFO is
than enough to drive t he usual crystal oscil- bu ilt a s shown in the photogra phs u sing three
lator ci r cuit in existing tran smitters. A vel- sta nda r d al umi nu m chas sis as basic buildin g
tage-reg ula ted power sup ply is included on blocks. The main chassi s is a 7 x 11 x 2-inch
the chassi s and contributes to st abili ty ve. line unit equipp ed with rubber feet in the f our
volt age changes. corners . Two 5 x 7 x 2-inch chassis, mount ed
The osc illator is designed to cover the ent ire on edee a t the fr ont of the main base, ser ve
80 and 75 meter band, from 3.5 to 4.0 me. The a s a particularly rugged basi s for the shielded
higher frequency bands do not spr ead out over compa rtmen t containing the tuned circuit and
the dial, but th is is not con sidered a di sadvan- other components. The t wo smaller chassi s are
tage because a seconda r y frequency standa r d fitted with an inve rted "V "<shaped cover of
in the receiver is u sed to mark band edges and a lum inum fastened at the sides and top with
the VFO is not used as a frequency indicator. self -t a pping screws.
The freq uency range of oscill ator VI is 1.75 I t is important to note th at all heat pro-
to 2.0 me which is doubled in the plate circuit. ducing components are mounted outside of the
The plate circuit of VI is broadly resonant in sh ield encl osure to prevent frequency drift due
the 80 meter band, L2 with its s tr a y capacit- t o heating effects. VI and V2 are mounted
ance r epresent ing t he tank ci rcu it . horizontally a t the r ear of the en closu re so
Buffer V2 is a class A st age t o minimize their wiring is inside the box near the turned
loa ding effects on the frequency of the oscilla- circuit. Since there was not much room behind
tor. The plate tank circuit of V2 (L3-C9) is the enclosure for the mounting of the power
a lso broadly tuned in the 80 met er band. When transf ormer, VR tu bes , etc., the filter ca pacitor
the tun ing slu gs of L2 and L3 are cor r ectly can was mounted inside the shield.
st agg ered in frequ ency, the rf output of the The most important thing regarding me-
VFO remains essentially constant over the chanical st a bility is the mounting of the tuning
entir e 3.5 t o 4.0 me range. ca pacitor , Cl. It is n ot important what type
The oscilla tor plate and s cr een cir cu it are of capaci tor is used a s long as it is ruggedly
su pplied r egulated B+ from the gas regula- built, preferably with a bearing at each end
tor , while the buffer is oper ated from th e full of its sh aft. Any dial mechanism sim ilar to the
un r egulated ou tput of t he power su pply. one illustrated can be used provided it has a

14 73 MAGAZINE
 , -I o
DOES YOUR TRANSMITTER HAVE AN AUDIO CLIPPER?
If not, your signal is lacking the "punch" it sho uld ha ve.
Clipping tends to hold t he output at a cons ta nt level
and brings the weaker high frequ en cy speech componen ts
up to t he sa me lev el as t he louder low frequencies. This
provides improved in telligi bil it y during interferen ce or weak
signal conditions, a nd is equivalent to raising your power
many t imes.
Conventional AVC systems prevent over-modula t ion,
but will not increase t he level of t he weaker components
of a complex speech wave form.
THE 200V AUDIO LIMITER IS ACTUALLY AN IMPROVED CLIPPER
It employs a t riode with biased clipping diodes in its
plate circu it. The clipped wave is applied back to the g rid
as in verse feedback to lower t he distortion. A neon indica t or
begins to flash with 3 db of clipping. Addit ional clipping
can be obtained by advancing the speech lev el control
calibrated in db. . _ ." .
......... . .
., •
. . . ...
-

•• • ---
-

/
•••
'J ' '0.
--- ,
•
.,
-
.-.,.
00 _
'-'=; .. ,- . ~
• ••
-
'=.
-,. w -'f
200V TRANSMITTER
AUDIO LIM ITER fA INDICATOR CIRCUIT r-r-
... - ••
"
..... ~

....I. - [ ::: . '-

.
~

.. .j. . .......
..... C""'"
....
.,
••
HOW DO YOU ADJUST THE 200V AUDIO LIMITER?
Simply advance th e speech level control until the
Limit er Indicator flas hes on loud sylla bles. Watch t he
t ra pezoid on t he built-in linearity moni tor scope a nd adj ust
the Power Output cont rol until the pattern shows no flat-
topping. After t his cond ition is established, sho uting int o
t he microphone will not flat-top the out going RF wave.

Write for a 200V brochure

73 WRY
with detailed specif ica t ions . Wes Schum .W9DYV
I
\ V fI
I I II

A. rulnidiGty or z~"itft Radio Corporation 1147 w. IlLMONT AVENUE CHICAGO 11, ILUNOtS

O CTO BER 196 1 15

73 tests the

Central Electronics 200 V

Anyone who has been around ham radio f or tried everywhere to find some way to fill those
more than a few weeks has heard of Central orders, but one plan after another ended up in
E lectr onics a nd probably h a s been looking over d iscou ragement. T he fi na l solut ion was t he
the ads f or t he 200 V. T ime was when ham cha nging of Central Elect r onics to a subsidiary
radio was s plit into two factions: c"r and of Zenith. Once this had been accomplished
phone. Nowadays there aren't many strictly they tooled up to produce the 100V.
C\V ops around. Sideband had a lot to d o with The 200V, born of complications due to t he
coax ing most of t he more firm ly entrenched new $795 price, an in cr ea se in power, a nd com-
C\V men into the phone ranks. And Central plications arising from the backlog of orders
Electronics, in spite of the growing list of f or the 100V, is the latest model and is rapidly
s ideband equipment manufacturers, was there becoming as classic as the old lOA a nd 20A
first and did t he spade work which built t he exc iters.
present popularity of SSB. History disposed of, let's look at the rig.
Ten years ago, when sideband wa s a hell- The 200V is about the present-day ultimate in
ishly complicated curiosity that we read about plug-it-in-and-operate. I made my usual scien-
in QST, and t here were just a few of those tific test by h a st ily throwi ng up a f olded di-
strange quack-quack signals on 75 meters, ' Yes pole la te one night, plugging the receiver, line
Schum W9DYV emerged from his cellar with cord and antenna into the 200V and working
the prototype of the IDA exciter. This was the everyone I could hear • . , and I heard plenty,
first well-engineered SSB exciter to appear I really got behind on process ing new s ubscrip-
commercially. T h is unit was so well done that tions for a few days before the urgency of
it is as useful today as ever and you will st ill keeping 13 going overcame my enthusiasm for
hear hundreds of them on the bands. racking up more DX.
\Vhile competitors were busy imitating th e QST did a yeoman job of covering the elec-
I DA, Wes was back in the workshop bri nging tronic details of t he 200V back in Aug ust
out the l OB. Next came the 20A, which was (while I was too busy playing with it to write
a bit more complicated and ran a bit more it up), so I won't. go through all the circuits.
power, , • and a bit more expensive. Each time A major part of the schematic appeared on
\Ves came out with a new rig h e was literally our February cover. I select ed th is circuit be-
years ahead of everyone else. w hen he an- cause it was the mo st complicated one I h ad
nounced the 100V he scooped everyone by at ever seen f or any ham gear. QST spen t four
least five years. Though I don't have all the and a half pages analyzing it, so you can see
actual facts, since ' Yes is one to keep h is how complicated it is. I wont' f uzz you up with
wor r ies to himself, as I understand it t he l OOV a detailed tale of what the electrons do when
was the straw that broke the back of Central they reach the pentode section of VIlA. From
Electronics. an operating st an dpoint the 200V is the easiest
Central had grown slowly from the fir st to u se rig ever built. You turn on the ac
cellar operation and through gradual growth switch, turn to the band you want to u se, set
h ad developed a n ice plant. T hen they designed the tuning dial for the fre quency a nd start
the lOOV, which was to sell for $595, in 1957. talking. The oscilloscope on the front panel
Though ads for the 100V didn't appear until tells. you if you are talking loud enough. All
about December of '57, the orders were st ar t - those dozens of knobs you usually find on a
ing to pour in. It wasnt' long u ntil it was transmitter have been consolida ted and hidden
obvious to \Ves that hi s plant couldn't possibly behind a couple of little doors. These are the
meet the demand. Ju st the cost of filling the set-and -f or get controls.
orders on hand, • . let's see, 2,000 orders at The most important feature of the 200V is
a cost of about $400 pe r unit to build comes the broad-band tuning arrangement which is
to about $800,000, wa s over whelming . \Ves obviously the way a transmitter ought to be,

18 73 MAGAZIN E
but is managed by a patented system which quency.
has imitators biting their nails. I r emember The mor e you use the 200 V t he more excited
when Central brought out their 600 L linea r you get about it. True, it costs $800, but this
amplifier with the first broadband coils. They is pretty reasonable when you consider the in-
were completely hidden in a cement-like lump cred ible a mount of stuff theyr crammed into
wh ich defied opening. One engineer told me that 90 pound unit. The dial reads off in kilo-
about the company he worked fo r buy ing a cycles and can be brought into calibration any-
GOOL (after trying to buy t he coils sepa- where along the dial should the unlikely need
rately), removing the coil and trying to pry it ever artse.
apart. He ended up with a mangled mess an d T he uni t should hold its value well since all
gave up. I doubt if Central would sell them a previous Central uni ts still bring a good price.
new coil ei t her , so there probably is a GOOL An RF wat t meter indicated more than rated
around somewhere wh ich now ha s a tuned ou tpu t on all bands. Central should be able to
pla te circ uit. It is n ice not to have to wor ry t urn these out for years.
abo ut tu ni ng- u p every ti me you cha nge f r e- . . . Staff

A
Simple
I
,
, ,
,<

Antenna Mast \
,

T HIS
you
is for yo u! Yes, th is is for you if
have ever wanted an antenna mast
up twenty or thirty fee t with no guys, no
braces, and no ground post. The ma st can be
moved around with ease to any location. It also
ha s desirable applications for Field Day.
The idea is very s imple. You will need one
old tire, one or two bags of cement , and a two
foot ptpe. The amount of cement will depend ,
on how heavy you want your base. The insid e That 's me puttin g t he mast up.
diameter of the pipe should be large enough so
that the mast )'OU plan to use can be inser t ed
with ease.
Fill the tire with the cement and secure t he
two foot pipe in the cente r , Care must be
taken to be sur e that the pipe is str aight.
Th e base shoul d be hea vy enoug-h to s uppo rt
a three ~lem~nt beam twenty or t hirty feet up.
I am mung I t at present for a th ree element
ten meter beam. One person ca n easily wa lk
the mast up or down in seconds to work on the
beam. It can al so be roll ed a round to a ny con-
venient place in your yard when t he XYL
st umb les over it taking out the garbage. If the
idea catches on we are going to sponsor a
contest once a year to see who can get it up O ver she goes. It's so easy
and down the fa stest. , .. K4GSD with this sim ple mast.

20 73 MAGAZINE
 direct road to earning
a successful living in
electronics-here it isl
RIDER'S
.aAl

--.-
.-
.-
,....."

by ill. T epper
•
6· V olume 'pictured-text' course makes it easy lor you to master radio com m u nication s
A BACKGROUND IN RADIO COMMUNICATIONS You are m ade thoroug hl y f amiliar w ith sem i-
IS A SPR INGBOARD INTO MANY VITAL co nductors a nd transi stors their a pplicat ions ;
AREAS OF ELECTRONICS what tbey a re-how they work and how they a re
R a dio communicat ions a nd t he areas t hat com. used In radio. T r ansistor circuits and r eceivers
prise this subiect-AC and DC elec tricity. v acuum w ith parts. values are show n .
tubes. receivers. t ra nsi sto rs. and t ra nsm it ters- i. The last volume p r ovides a thor oug h coverage of
t he fou ndation for many importa nt branc hes of transm itter s, a n te n nas a nd t r a n sm ission lines
electronics-c-Fjd . a nd AM radio, ci tizens band, You'll u nder stand m odulation and tra nsmit te r t ype
amateur radio. mobile and marine commu n ica- oscillator s, m icrophones, coupling methods and
tions , telemetry. radar. television , instrumentation, power su pp lies and transmitter sc hem atics.
m icrowave, facsi m ile, ultrasonics. telephony, r e- Volu m e I , DC electricity; Vo lume II. A C elec t r ic-
mote control , paging, etc. T o know t he funda- ity ; V olu me I II , vacuu m t ubes and vacuwn tube
mentals or radio communications is to be prepared circu itry; Volume I V . rad io a nd comm unication
for all of t hese importan t fie lds, a nd BASIC reeetvera: Volume V, semiconductors, transistors
RADIO presents these fu n da men ta ls mor e clearl y. a nd t ra n sistor recei vers : Volume V I. transmitt ers,
more accu rately than Rny tex t. or a ny group o f t ra nsm ission lines a nd antennas.
texts ever published. A LOW COST ELECTRONIC EDUCATiON
SPECIAL ILLUSTRATiONS MAKE SUBJECT a·VOLUME COURSE ONLY $13.15
EASILY UNDERSTANDABLE This s -vclume cou rse opens t he wonderful world
Not on ly is the content of the course complete, of electronics to you. The comp lete course costs
but it is presented in suc h a man ner t hat a nyone only $13.85 (soft covers) . Or. you can select an y
regardless of p revious education can g rasp it volume ccverlna the area of r ad io com m unicatio ns
quickly and know the sub ject tho roughly. The in which you wish to Increase your knowledge.
reason-carefully selec ted language. s pec ially p re- B uy t h is cou rse today at parts distributors, boo k.
p a red illustrat ions - s pecially thoug ht out p res- stores or order d irect us in g convenien t cou pon:
entation. These illustr a t ions are n ot t he t ypical FREE : W r ite for free b rochure show in g samples
ones found in most books on ra dio. They are of p age" demonstrating how specia l illust rations
specia lly conceived and selec ted for their ability s peed you r lea rning.
to convey a n idea. m a ke comp lex thoughts sim p le
to u nderstand. You can 't miss ! T here [s at lea st
one illustration to every page. one to su pport
--------------------------,
HI·DAY MO:\'"EY·BAC'K OHARA:'\' TEE
(Ivery id ea- more than 650 Illustrations in a ll in JOHN f . RIDER , PUBLISHER INC .
t hi s six-volum e course. _ 116 W. B l h St. • Kew York 11. New York
I went to Rafe $1. 35 on cost or Indhld utJ. volumes.
COVERS EVERYTH ING YOU 'LL NEED TO KNOW ABOUT t :ncl oo;ed 15 $ . .• .. . ••••. Please send:
RADiO COMMUN ICATIONS TO GET AHEAD .... Sf't ~ Complete 6·rot. course In sort
corers, $13.85.
. . • . 81"l or. .. •.. Complet e 6-ml. course in sin gle
bard blnd lne, Uf.85.
Sl'nd me Indlrldull volumes:
.. .. Vol. I , $2.10 .... Vol. II, U .1O .... VoI. III.
n .10 ..• . v ot. IV, $2.50 . . • •\'01. Y. $1.90• .• . Vol.
n . $2 .10•
. . .• . FREE CATALOG . . . . . FREE BROCHURE
We l: uarant N' sat isfacti on or return to us withIn
10 d a ys for rull refund.
X AllE•..• .. •••...•••• .•.• .•.•••..••••••..••• .
ADDRESS .
ClTV • ••.• • • .•.••• . ZOXE ..•. STATE ..••• . • . • . •

OCTOBER 1961 21
 A Versatile Automatic K ever From Surplus

CQ de 73
Roy E. Pefenberq , W~WKM
3 16 Strotford Ave nue
Fo i r fo'l~ , Vir qinie

amateur applications exist for an and transmit the signals set up on the code
N UMERQUS
automatic CW keyer that will, on ac- disks. As supplied, two metal disks se nd SOS
tivation, send a predetermined transmission at and beari ng dashes and a third disk can be
a preset rate of speed . Just such a device was set up in the field to send the aircraft Iden-
developed for use aboard military aircraft and tification number . These blank disks are made
was designed to automatically transmit a dis- of notched pla st ic and a ny desired OW mes-
tress message from the normal aircraft sa ge, within the capacity of the disk, may be
transmitter. The complete equipment is nomen- formed by breaking out notched teeth. Two
c1atured Control Keyer Group, AN / ARA-26, spa re blank disks and a special setup tool are
and consist s of Keyer, KY-65/ARA~26. and secured ins ide t he cover of the keyer. The
two types of remote swit ching stations. These photographs show interior and exterior views
units have recently been declared obsolete and of the keyer as supplied. T he schematic of the
have been released through, MARS channels. unmodified un it is shown in Figure 1.
I n the normal progression of such matters, Several approaches to amateur utilization
they should be available through surplus deal- of thi s equipment are practical and the one
ers in the immediate future." selected will depend on the users requ irements.
The keyer is a motor driven, code disk device Three conversions are covered in th is article
that is designed to turn on the aircraft trans- and they vary in complexity with their in-
mi tter, channel it to the distress frequency t ended application. The first is very simple and

• . . , .. ' .. !>' . ... o• • .. . . • . .-

•• .
•" ·"" ~..
•
- • •
•
.
~ · """"
.. ~ '

" ' -' "'"

l.. ___ ..

. • • •
_..
_..
~ ,•

.. _ ____ •L
- ,
• I

""-'~~oJo:lII""II'''·Cl

I _r_-- T J ,',' ,' ,'.. _ •... 1

:, -. ' .~ .........-.
.....:1
_.
I
I
ll- _ 1
I

• v ·," "' . !i ~
r - - - - J- - - - - : -=--.: ::-~ - - - - - - r ._. ~ ::: ' -. 1

1\'
' .I- ' • , -
I r----E--...,..--- ~ ......,-- ---- .I · t+~~·
I I r- r-r-»- -----+-<===:;;-.-1"----- -'
I I I r - - ._;;.;o......t --::,. . .I .. ' , ...
I '~
I...'
~I
II. •11 ~: ri ' Q" -..
I I I I r - ~-- -- - . ,+-_J-'_I
I I I I I L _ _ .~"-+"' '''
- - ....
~ I.. " ""-fl.
<woe.' /
-tl!-W -I-"i7"
J ' _
<:»
11 11 1 I II I . .., - : _
I I I I I I I I I . ,r.. - r:.... 1
nt-t-Htl· - --,
II ~ , . ' . .- :I ·.. ....
'-', t.:.,....
' ., '-- --6 b
'1 . ii" ~gij '~ i
. IlU".....,."....... I~
. ft-!"'"'''' -===.::w,:;::::;:"OO-"'O>-
',,., , . , II ...' ... • 1· , ,,·· u.6!A/<\lA..M I OO<I\lcu
'. at. '
.
~-~

...... cooo>.oc" ~
cYCU
.. fill ........- _ _ _
I• oo~
"';-ji _" i
L~~~~·!!2!."'"!!:!..J
L - i ""!"~--..!!!'~~~
_ Jb~;;;"=L .J
Fig. I. Schematic dia g ram of KY·65/ ARA·26 Keyer.

22 73 IoAAGAZINE
 International Crystals are desi gned for all types of communication ser vice
. . . Amateur - Commercial - Citizens. Thousand s of tran smitters,
transceivers, and receivers this very moment are on frequency with
Inte rn a tion al C rystals. F rom a quartz b lank to the finished plated cr ys tal,
hermetically sea led in its can, International insists on the highest sta ndar d
of manufacturing. You can be sure you're on frequency because Inter-
national precision made crystals have built-in DEPENDABILITY!

For information on International' s In ternation al type FA-5 and FA-9 wire

complete line of Amateur, Com- mounted crystals are for Amateurs and
mercial and Citizens band crystals
write International Crystal Manu-
facturin g Company today.
I Experimenters where tolerances of .01%
are permissible. Priced from $3.30 to $5.75
for fu ndamental frequencies, and from
$3.30 to $9.35 for 3rd, 5th, and 7th
overtones.

IN CRYSTAL MANUFACTURING CO., INC.

18 NORTH LEE • OKLAHOMA CITY . OKLAHOMA

OCT08ER 1961 2J
-
amine carefully. A little time devoted to study
of- t he mechanism will prevent many problems
later on. The key disks are driven by a small
PM field de motor through a gear train. Two
friction clutches and a time delay mechanism
were provided but they can not be utilized in
this conversion since the timing gear ratio is
not usefully related to that of the keyer drive.
Keying is accomplished by three code disks
fixed to a common s haft. These disks are made
with teeth and spaces around their perimeter
and are arranged to actuate the keying assem-
bly. This assembly has three sets of contacts
in parallel, each operated by a blade which
contacts the association disk at all times. Only
one switch operates at any g iven time, due to
cam follower levers which always hold two of
the key switch contacts open. The cam levers
Interior of unmodified ARA·26 keyer.
are operated by a set of sequence cams
its primary virtue is that it plugs in the wall mounted on a common shaft along with an
and sends C'V signals. The second is a deluxe actuating cam which switches off the drive
automatic caller and the last is a line break motor upon completion of each cycle of opera-
operated keyer to provide automatic transmis- tion.
sion of CW identification following radio tele- The cam shaft is rotated by a geneva star,
type transmissions. which is in turn actuated by a pin permanently
Each modification consists of both mechani- attached to the SOS disk. Each rotation of the
cal and electrical work. In common with most keying disk shaft advances the cam shaft 1/7
airborne equipment, a source of de is required of a revolution and, upon completion of one
to operate the PM field motor and the relays. revolution, switches off the drive motor.
This requirement is met by the use of a slight- Replacement of the metal with plastic key-
ly unorthodox but very economical, line op- ing disks is necessary in each conversion and
erated, silicon rectifier supply. The mechanical may be accomplished at this time. Remove the
work consists of replacing the metal code disks hairpin retaining clip and the knurled nut
with the plastic blanks and, in the two more from the end of the code disk shaft. Loosen
complex versions, rework of the disk sequenc- the set screw on the outermost disk spacer and
ing cams and their associated contacts. This remove the complete disk assembly from the
work may be accomplished with ordinary hand shaft. Remove the center disk and discard it.
tools and is not particularly difficult or time
•
consummg.
The first step is to strip the chassis and
clean up the parts which will be used in the CR-I S-IOI
conversion. Retain all hardware for assembly ,., a-r
'0
of the completed keyer. Loosen the main drive C::=:) 1I7w
unit by removing the four screws from the so,
bottom of the case and the single screw that
"
secures the assembly to the front panel. Lo- L +=w,,"""-' TO .M.Tfl
KEY JACK
cate the key contact leads and follow them to
where they attach to other components. Cut Fiq. 2. Simplified Conversion.
these leads, leaving them as long as possible. CI-25 mfd, 50 wv de electrolytic condo
F ollow the same procedure with the yellow CRl-500 rna s ilico n rect.. Sarkes-Taraian M-500
motor lead. Clip the blue motor lead near the M-500
JI-Standard phone jack. Switchcralt C-ll
housing, slip a piece of sleeving over this lead PI-Replacement ec line cord
and tie to the yellow lead. This is a speed 1<1- 50 ohm, 25 w variable wirewound resistor
governor contact that will not be used. Un- Sl-SPST normally open mom. contact push but-
solder the two blue leads from one end of ton switch
Three digit parts numbers are original components
R-lOI and clean up this terminal, leaving the
resistor in place with the white motor lead at- Next, remove the center spacer and the SOS
tached. Unsolder the leads from the homing disk. S ince the geneva star actuating pin is
switch, S-101, and clean up the terminals. Re- attached to the SOS disk is must be retained.
move and discard the delay mechanism switch, File the code teeth flush with the inner peri-
S-102, along with its actuating lever. At the meter of the disk and replace it on the sleeve
same time, remove and discard the time delay assembly. Install a plastic disk flush against
adjust ratchet spring which is mounted along- it. File the center spacer to a thickness of
side the microswitch lever. %" and install in its original position. Install
Remove the keying drive assembly and ex- another plastic disk and the outermost spacer.

24 13 MAGAZINE
 Essentials for SSB operation:
I
SELECTIVITY I STABILITY
I

I
PASSBAND TUNER I VARIABLE FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR
Newly designed, with ,5 kc, 2. 1 kc, and 3.6 ke I This low frequency VFO, wit h latest materi als
switchable bandwidths. Continu ous passband I and t echn iques f or im proved resistan ce to high
tun in g funct ions on ea ch ban dwidth. All three I humidity and t em perature , ma intain s th e 2-8 '5
bandwidths are st eep-si ded and can be used crystal-con trolled frequency stability .•. less
for SSB . .. th e 3.6 for Hi-Fi SSB, the 2.1 for
I than 400 cycles wa r m up; less th an 100 cycles
crowded band SSB and th e .5 for extreme in- I after warm up; less than 100 cycl es for plus
terference condit ions. I or minus 10 % line voltage change.

With the Model 2-8 you have all the advantages of a "Ham Band Only" receiver.
Superior SSB. AM, and CW in seven band switch positions ••• plus •.. five extra
positions on the bandswitch for interchangeable plug-in crystals to permit reception
of any 600 ke bands in the 3.5 to 30 me range. Amateur Net, $279.95
Writ e for free broch ure on the 2-8 Receiver:

R. L. DRAKE COMPANY MIAMISBURG, OHIO

OCTO BER 1961 25
 broken out of the disks to form CW characters.
A tooth broken out results in key open condi-
tion and the presence of a tooth results in
clos ure of the keying circuit. A special tool
for breaking out the teeth is mounted inside
the cover of the keyer. The basic code element
is a dot which is represented by a single tooth.
Coding is obtained by starting at the space
on the disk which is marked with an arrow
and continuing in a clockwise direction, break.
ing out teeth in the disk to obtain dots and
dashes. A word of caution is advisable here.
P la n your tran smission carefully, keeping in
Before and after. mind the sequence of operation. Adhere to the
following chart and perfect characters will re-
Line the set screw up with the hole in the su It:
sleeve and run in slightly to hold the assembly 1. Leave one tooth for a dot.
together. Mount the assembly on the drive 2. Leave three teeth for a dash.
shaft and securely tighten the set screw. In. 3. Break out one tooth for the space be-
stall the outer disk the thumb nut and the tween two dots, a dot and a dash or
retaining clip. Check the unit for alignment of two dashes in each character.
the disks with the contact levers and rotate 4. Break out three teeth for the space be-
t he disks by hand to insure that clearance have tween two characters.
been retained. 5. Break out five teeth for the space be-
This completes the modification of the keyer tween words.
assembly for the simplified conversion. The Preparation of the case is next on the
sequence of operation is such that the inner agenda and this step a pplies to all models of
disk. is transmitted once, the outer disk three the conversion. Remove the hardware which
times and the center disk three times and then mounts J-IOl, J-102, J-I03, K-IOl, K-I02 and
the unit is switched off. Any transmission must K-I03. Clean up and retain relays K-I02 and
be set up in this sequence and this lack of K-I03. Discard the connectors and K·IOl,
flexibility somewhat limits the usefulness of along with t he wiring harness. Drill out the
the stripped down version. Full flexibility, at three rivets holding the bottom plate to the
the expense of additional work, is achieved in case and discard the plate. A coat of flat or
the other two models. semi-gloss spray lacquer will cover the exist-
Setting up t he plastic code disks is a slm- ing panel markings a nd restore t he original
ple task. As the photographs show, teeth are black crackle finish to new condition.

,--- ---/------- 7
/ / /
/
/
ce
--.: " / /
:I rI
~ ,.,
S-IOl S2 ADDEO CONTACT SEE TE XT

,."' / I
,
/ " TO KEY
I
/
" "'~ / no
I TO XMTI'I KEY JACK

" '"0 " I

( li T VAC / 1'0 aa
". i "
YELLOW
/ I I
I
• ,I
eli ;:
i'
ee
~ ~tfTE
It.!,)£. ,. ,r:
C2 ~ •
',.J *
K I02
""
Fig. 3. De Luxe Automati c C aller .
Cl-25 mId, 50 wv de electrolytic condo R'-50 ohm. 25 w variable wtrewound eeeletoe
C2. 8-10 mId, 25wv de electrolytic condo R2, 3- 750 ohm. 10 w wlrewound resistor
CRl--600 ma .i1icon recto S·Tarzian M-liOO 81, 2-SPDT momentary contact push button
J1, 2-8tandard phone jack. Swltcheraft C-ll switch
LMl-28 " pilot lamp. GE #1829 RIOI -Odeinal part. 100 ohms.
PI-Replacement line cord.

26 13 MAGAZINE
 -
. •

u
.'

HERE'S A NEW HEATHKIT" •

GROUNDED GRID KW LINEAR ... JUST $229 95

The new Heathkit " W arri or" is a c ompletely sel f-co nta ined , de sk-top kilo watt lin ear, loaded with specia l
features, at half t he c os t of compa rabl e un its ! C ompare feature for feature. quality component for quality
com ponent, yo u'll f ind no sh ortcuts ..• only t he fin est wa tt-per-d ollar val ue i n a li near am plifier on the
amate ur market tod ay !
M a xi m um power I n p u (: 5 58-1 000 wall s P.E.P.• CHECK THESE FEATURES • • •
CW-IOXl w8lt S. AM--400 walls (500 walls US;flO ca rrier Completely self-contained . " . n v. Fil. a nd Bias su pplies bu ill in.
controlled modulation), R TTY-65Q watt a. Dri v in g
PO.... , r.qulr l'd : 50 10 75 wall s-de pe nd irlO on Ire· versatile , ". M ay be driven by any 50 to 125 watt transmitter
eueecv. O ut p u t e iu:uit : Variable pi-network (SO ' 0 75 or exciter-no matching or swamping network required.
ohms). ' nput dreuit: Broad banded-reQuires flO t un- Efficient . . . Stable grounded grid circuit ry allows most dri ving
ing . l n pu t im ped ilnce: ADDro~. 70 ohms. Bilnd CO Y .
eriloe : 80. 40. 20. 15. 10 meters . P iln e l me te ,l no : power to a p pear in output for u p to. 70 % etflciency.
Swilc h·se lec led . g rid current , plale current. high vott. Oil-fillet/ capacitor • . • And 5-50 henry sw i ngi ng-choke provide
age !lI'ld rereuve powe r ou tpu t lor ease 01 load ing. the excelle nt dy na m ic regulation req uired for high peak power
Tub e eomplemen i : 4·81 1A. 2·ll66A. Sire: 19h' W
~ 11X' H ~ 16" D.I"!"
output with low di stortion .
h lexpensire tubeR ... 4 paralleled SlI A's anfI2-S66A ·s. forced-
ai r cooled by silen t built-in fan.
S table . . caretull desig n provides a high degree o f over-all sta-
bility in con ju nctio n with the grounded g rid ci rcu it configur-
ation.
/o;:rdtlRire .• • In terna l R F s hield ing of plate circuit for maxi-
mum TVI suppression.
Lntertocked 3witrltillf/ •. . prevents accidental a pplica tion of
H V be-fore s witc hing on filame-nt and bias.
Rugged construction • • . 16 ga uge st et'l chassi s -~" aluminum
Th is i nside view shows th e neat ci rc uit layout fron t panel-weld ed o ne-piece cabi net.
and husky components that emp hasize qu al ity. K it Mod el HA -10 •• • 100 Ibs. $23 dn., $ 20 mo•. . . . . $229.95
Note the inte rnal shielding of plate circu it for A ss em bl ed Mod el HAW-10 •• •
maximum protection against T VI. 100 Ibs. $33 dn ., $ 28 mo $329.95

.-----------------
FREE CATALOG I HEATH COMPANY
I Benton Harbor 11, M ic h igan
Send today f or
you r Free Catalog
I 0 Please send my Free copy of the complete Heathkit Catalog.
describing over
200 different : NAME
Heathkit products
In HI- FI, T est ,
A mateur Radio,
I ADD RESS
Marine and General I
cons umer fi eld s. I CIT Y ZONE STATE
-
Cut a p iece of lam inated plastic stock, 1/16" foam rubber or plastic t o the bottom of the
thick an d a pproximately 3th " square. P osition case. T hi s completes the simplified modification
the plastic inside the upper right corner of which result s in a commercial a ppea r ing unit
the front panel and cut clearance notches for that, within the limitations previously men-
the captive nuts which are u sed to mount t he tioned, provides excellent performance.
cover to the case. Ma r k the location of the 12 The two more complex modifications require
holes that were u sed to mount the original additional work on the drive a ssembly. Manu-
connectors. Drill match ing holes in t he pla s- ally turn the keying disks th rough a complete
tic and secu re the sub-pa ne l in place, u sing cycle and scr ibe the contact a ctuating cams
the hardware that was u sed to mount the con- at those points where the cam follower levers
nectors. rest when their associated contacts are closed .
From thi s poin t on, details for each of the Remove the three screws which secur e tho
models differ. The followin g applies to t he base su ppor t to the motor drive casting and
simplified version, the schema t ic of which is r emove the keyed sha ft on which the cams are
shown in Figure 2. Drill %" holes in the s ub- mounted. Radially dr ill and ta p th e cams, in
panel, centered in the three connector mount- the center of the cam bearing s u r face and in
ing holes. Mount the 50 ohms , 25 watt r esi stor. line with t he scr ibe marks , to accept 2-56 ma-
R-l, in the bottom hole and in stall a knob on ch ine screws.
the sha ft. Mount a sta nda r d open circu it phone Figure 5 sho ws how the cams are modifi ed.
jack in t he top left hole and a normally open Install 3/16", 2-56 r ound head machine sc r ews
momentary contact, push button s wit ch in the in these holes, using su ffi cient wash ers to
top right hole. Countersink the four holes in build the screw head flush with the radius of
th e bottom of the case which were used to the ou ter cam sur face. If longer screws are
mount t he drive a ssembl y. P osition the modi- used, insu re tha t t hey do not extend into t he
fied drive unit and install t hese scr ews along
with the front pan el screw. In stal! the silicon
rectifier mou nting cli p, using one of the r el ay
mounting holes. Similarly mount the capacitor, , ... C4
)0 0 v
TElE TYPE
C-l, and ti e points to terminate the line cord
and a s r equired f or wiri ng convenie nce . W ire
" ; :.. 500 K 10 3
INPUT

the unit in accordance wi th Figure 1, in suri ng ,, KI02 TO XMTR

KEY JACK
tha t no portion of the circuit is acci dently
g rou nded . "
If all appea r s in or der , plug t he unit in and "
s-r
press the sta r ti ng switch. T he drive sho uld
t u r n fr eely without bindin g and the key con- KEYBOARO
TTPICAL TE LETYPE Pl u : L
tacts sho uld close in accord ance with the key- SEND Ci RCUIT APPROX 1600
EQUIPMEN T . . . OHMS FOR
ing information set in t he disks. The motor BATTERY IL -'---' &OMAlOOP
speed sho uld be smoot hly adju stable fr om just 120 VDC
short of stall to the poin t wh ere the keyer
wa lks across the bench. Fig. 4. W iring ch an ges required to convert th e auto-
Drill a hole in th e back of the cover and mat ic ca ller in Fig. 3 t o a li ne break o perated Tele-
in stall a rubber grommet to pass the line cord. type identification keyer.
Remove th e name plate fr om the cover and Thre e digit pa rts numbers are original parts.
g ive the s pr a y lacquer treatment to the cover. Sche matic a nd parts list are ide ntical fo Fi g. 3 ex-
Vibration may be r educed t o negligible pro- cept for input and output circuit parts and wiring
portions by cementing a r ectangular piece of chan ges shown above. KI02 and KI03 contacts are
th ose shown in Fig. 3. C ircuit shown in Te letype
condition with K I 02 and KI03 in testing position
and KI actuated.
e. -soo mid. 26 wv d e elect roly ti c. C- D t ype
DR5002
JI-Mike jack , Switehcraft type C-12B
K l - Senllit ive relay. 200 oh m eoi ], Sigma "I F-
200-S/S I L
shaf t hole. F ile the keys which engage the
shaft k eyway flush with the radius of the
ca m s haf t holes. Drill and tap a 4-40 hole in
t he center of the hub of each of the three cams
and sta rt a socket head set scr ew in each hol e.
Sl ide the cams on t he sha ft and r eassemble the
drive un it.
The cams should now be set for the desired
sequence of tran smission. Keep in mind that
the single detent cam may be used for zero
Simplified conversion . Note plastic sub-panel. or one r evolution while the other two cams

28 13 MAGAZINE
 ,

AM WITH YOUR LINEAR AMPLIFIER

lINE'AR
AMPLIfiER
PAl·350
IULunN
<#215

o CJ

GENERAL
POWEI
PURPOSE
SUPPLY
Psr.350 EXCITER
BULLEnN
•
<#215
RfQUUT
BUUfTlN
#259

TMC Model GPE·1 is a general purpose crystal controlled exciter covering the
frequency range af 2·32 megacycles praviding AM, CW and MCW modes of
operation when used with linear RF amplifiers.
The Model GPE-l features a modulation meter, push-fa-talk operation with
a wide variety of selectable audio inputs, including dynamic or carbon microphone,
tape recorder and telephone. Radio teletypewriter operation is also possible when
the GPE is used in conjunction with an appropriate FSK exciter.
The Model GPE·] Exciter, PAl-350 or PAL·] K linear amplifier combination pro-
vides a versatile and economical AM, CW, MeW package which can be easily
converted to full SSB operation at a later date.

THE TECHNICAL MATERIEL CORPORATION

World Wide Suppliers 0/ Electronic Communication Equipment
MAMARONECK,NEW YORK
OTTAWA, CA.NADA. •• AIElIANDIlIA , VlllGINI, A . GAltlAND, TEXAS
may be used for f rom zero to three revolutions. con rect ifie r, e R-1, and applied to t he contacts
Rotate the keyi ng head to neutral and advance of Ss I and S- 101. When 8 -1 is momentarily
to the first detent. Rotate the cam which is closed, current is applied to the drive motor
associated with the disk to be transmitted first and t hrough the normally closed contacts of
in a counterclockwise di rection until the fi rst 8 -101 to the winding of K-102. The latching
screw is positioned under t he cam follower . cont acts of K-102 close and the drive motor
T ighten the set screw which secures the hub advances the keyer head, closing the added
to the shaft and then remove the screw under contacts of the key contact stack and switch-
the cam follower. Working in a clockwise di- ing 8-101. At this point, the current to K-102
rection , remove as many 2-56 screws as keying is applied through the nor mally open contacts
revolutions are desired f rom that disk. Rotate of 8-101, the nor mally closed contacts of 8-2,
the keyer head this number of detent s a nd t he lat chi ng contacts of K-102, the added con-
do the same for the second and third disks. tacts of the key contact stack and R-2 to the
Rotate the head manually and check that the wind ing of K-102. The motor drive is operated
desired sequence of transmission has bee n ob- until S-101 is tripped at t he end of the drive
tained. cycle a nd t he motor stops.
The keying circuit bypasses the keyer when
K-102 is in the resting position. When K-102
is actuated, the extended key is removed and
the keyed contacts of K-103 are connected
a cross the output jack. J -2. During t he key-
ing cycle, the keyer contacts supply keyed
current through the lamp, LM-1, and R-3 to
t he winding of K-103. The keying cycle is
ended by either the "off" switch, 8-2, or the
added contacts of t he keyer head being opened.
Capacitors C-l through C-3 smooth the recti-
fied voltage applied to the drive motor and the
relays.
Some modification of t he circuit of Figure
3 is requ ired t o a dapt the keyer to radio Tele-
type use. A typical Teletype send circuit is
shown in Figure 4. The input and output
circuits of the keyer are wired to apply the
De l uxe conversion. 60 rna loop cur rent to the keyer t hrough the
r ing a nd sleeve contacts of J -1, through the
I n order to automatically transfer the key- winding of K-1 and the normally closed con-
ing circuit back to the hand key on completion tacts of K-102, to the output jack, J-2. The
of the desired transmission. it is necessary to output is patched to the transmitter where the
add a contact to each of the t hree keying circuit is completed by the fre quency shift
switches. When t he end of the keying is keyer, Relay, K~1 . is actuated by the loop cur-
reached, all of the cam followers are actuated rent and the charge of capacitor C·4 holds the
and these paralleled contacts will open, trans- contacts open during normal Teletype keying
ferring t he keying circuit back to normal. The impulses.
keyer drive will continue through t he seven Operat ion of the break key on the Teletype
revolutions and stop at neutr al. machine opens the loop for a period of time
Loosen the two key contact stack screws a nd that a llows C-4 to discharge and the contacts
separate the contact stack on the inner side of
the outer contact. Cut mica scrap to the same
shape as the existing insulator and , after slot- FIl.£ PROJECTlOfoI THAT __
ENGAGES SHAFT
-r:......
.;
ting the screw holes, insert the insulator with- KEVWA.Y FLUSH
WITH INNER HOlE DRM..LEO
out removing the screws. Cut three contacts OIAM[ TER OF 1llE o AHOTAPPfO
c..... 8U$#fI'fG. 4-4Q AND SET
from brass stock or use very light relay con- I , " .- ....SCAE.
tacts and slide them between the new and f ' -'-'~ lNSTA LLEO
/.,..- '-"'"
existing insulators. Bend and position t hem in ( A) J.1i:...;. - - ---
such a fashion as to make with the outer con-
tact in the transmission cycle and to break Fig. 5. Key switch cam modification. This change will
when the cam follower is actuated. Tighten allow any seq uence of tra nsmission from t he t hree
the screws and rotate the head through a key- code disks. Keying cycle may be set for fro m one to
ing cycle to insure that t he origina l contacts seven revolutions of t he hyin g head.
key as intended and that, for each disk. t he (Al H oles drllIed and tapped 2-66 In center of
added contacts close during the transmission urn surface. Text deeeribee method of determiu-
cycle. ine exact location. Round bead mschlne screws
are Installed, uelne washen to buUd the screw
The circuit of the de luxe keyer is shown in head out. flush with the outer circumference of t.be
Figure 3. Line voltage is rectified by the sili- cam lurface.

30 73 MAGAZINE
of K·1 to close. This starts the keying cycle
a nd K -102 is actuated. Loop ba ttery is t hen
supplied through the tip contact of J -1,
GAIN
through the CW keyed contacts of K-I03, to ANTENNAS
J -2 and hence to the transmitter. Completion
of t he key ing cycle releases K-1 02 and the BUSINESS MEN'S
circuit is resto red t o n orm al Telet ype opera- FREQUENCY
tion. It is essential that t he ac input to the
keyer be routed through the loop battery or TWO METERS
power supply switch. If this is not done, (144·170 Me)
switch ing t he power s upply off would cause FIXED STATION
t he keye r to run contin uously.
The photographs show construction details and MOBILE
ALSO UHF & VHF MODelS UP TO 10.5 os,
of the de luxe versions of the keyer, Mount
Engin e ers in th e Communication Field
the variable resistor in the bottom, J -1 and ha ve trie d and p ro ven GAM VHF
J -2 in t he top le ft a nd t he i ndica tor pilot i n antennas to g ive users the ultimate in
t he top r ight connector clearance holes. The p erforma nce. GAM antennas w ill giv e
relays mou nt in their origina l positions and yo u th e "ma rg ina l" sig nal, in most
the other components are mounted as they cases elimina te th e " dead" spots and
can be squeezed in. Use of miniature tran- c ut d o wn o n " pi cket fenc e" effect .
sistor circ uit capacitors for C-2 and C-3 per- Thes e antennas are e nd fe d through
on e ffi cienl hermet ically sealed match·
mits their being mo un ted on t he relay ing transform er that is p ort of the
terminals. C-1 may be mou nted under the stud a nt enna . All models a re light in w eigh t
which secures R-101 to the motor drive cast- a nd of hea vy duty construct ion.
mg.
\Viring is straightforward a nd the layout
of the original h arness can serve as a guide
for routing. Decals and the finish details de-
•
scribed for the simplified version will dress FIXED STATION;
t hese units up and result in assemblies that 2 STACKED
are indistingu ish able f r om factory products. 9 db gain for $45.00
Operation of the keyers is trouble free and Net
they, in addition to their novelty attraction in
• Gain of 9 db o ve r
producing contacts, are genuine assets in any eee xlel a n'. nna
operating room. • Heavy duty construction
• Two half wave e le ments.
"Both Columbia Electronics Sales and J. J . Candee • Can b e cut to fr equenc y
Company have plenty of the ARA -2G units in stock. R-W • Mounts on sta nda rd
Electronics did have a few but we wiped out their IUp· 1%" p ip e
ply stocking up the " 73" lab. The following non-adver- • 52 Oh m Impedance
tising (so (ar) surplus dealers also have indicated that • SWR less than 1.5·1
they have them in stock: C& H Sales; Bill Sh'p Company;
Tri-County Electronics.

MOBILE ANTENNA
6 db gain for $14.10
Junk Box Net
•Half w ove resonant
:My cellar a nd garages a r e famous all over antenna
Brooklyn for t he twenty-five ye a r collection of • 6 db gain over
coaxial antenna
radio debris that has accumulated. Natura lly • 52 Ohm Impedance
I have occasional visitors whose eyes bug out • SWR le u than 1.5·1
and who pay re-visits when they need some- • Fundions witho ut
thing for some gadget they are building. This additional el em ents
does n ot a lways wo r k out to t he ir advantage, • Reduces flutter effect
as Stan \ VA 2B GA found out to h is bew ilder- and extends co verage
ment the other day. H e dropped in to "borrow"
some coils for a little receiver he was whipping
up. I dug out some oldies, blew t he dust off
'em, and said a sorrowful goodbye. I n eedn 't
ha ve worried so about it for they were back
in a couple hours in the hands of an irate
Stan. "Take back your old fashioned coils
.. . all I can get with 'em is Lit tle Orphan
An nie a nd J ust P lain Bill." . . . NSU
As freq uently installed in mobile and fixed , fa tian,.

OCTOBER 1961 31
-

St. ff

A Like-New
Mixer Circuit

you like to improve the sensitivity

W OULD
and the stability of your receiver?
If you would, and don' t mind delving under-
As pointed out in our aforementioned tech-
nical article, the best compromise to date has
been the 6AC7 u sed as a pentode mixer, f ol-
neath the chassi s a bit, one of the quickest lowing the circuit described in Langford-
routes is to modify front-end circuitry. The Smith'. This circuit provided low noise, ade-
technical article, HUp Front," in our March quate gain, little in the way of spurious output,
issue contained a rather complete collect ion and adequate isolation for most purposes.
of improved fr ont-end circuits. However, the particular version of the twin-
However, here's one which escaped attention triode cathode-coupled mixer which we're de-
when the article was prepared-and which has scr ibing here out does the 6AC7 on all counts
esca ped almost ever yone 's attention sin ce it except gain, and runs it a close race t here.
wa s first developed. That's why we're calling On top of this, it can be installed in any set
it a "like-new" circuit; it's been around for which uses an octal-base, a 9-pin, or a 7-pin
a spell but it migh t as well be new s ince al- mixer tube without changing the socket, since
most no one knows of its existence. su it a ble twin triodes are available in all three
Before going into this circuit, it might be basings.
well t o r eview the characteristics of a good The circuit is not original; it was found in
mixer. The ideal mixer in a super h et receiver K. A. Pullen's book "Conductance Design of
sho uld (1) produce no spu r ious frequ encies, Active Circuits," a volu me" which incidentally
(2) provide ample gain for the signal, (3) con- should be in the library of every ser ious ham
tribute no noise to the sig nal, (4) provide com- designer (plug un solicited; Radio Bookshop
plete isolation between oscillator and sig na l please copy) , and was field-tested in a vintage
to prevent und esired radiation, and (5) pre- BC-779 in compar iso n with both a 6L7 and a
sent a s light a load a s possible to the oscillator GAC7.
to ,preserve frequency stability. Results were judged on a purely subjective
These characteristics , a t least to a degree, basis, due to lack of test instruments suitable
a re mutuall y incompatible with most conven- for adequate and accurate measurements.
tional circuits. F or instance, isolation of th e numerical values mentioned here are calculated
oscillator from the sign al circuit usually re- figure s, but the field tests confirm them as
quires s cr een ing grid s in the mixer tube, which closely as possible.
in ' t urn raise the mixer noi se level and violate The full circuit is sh own in the schematic,
object ive 3. Fig. I, Table I lists parts values and operating
conditions which vary with different tube types
10K 2W II
4700J\.IW or design object ives.
At fir st g la nce, you may be led to believe
.01 rr ----.,
:--- that thi s is approximately the same circuit
I- I:
XISTING
CIRCUIT.
-,, v,. - VI. I:
I IF. XFMR.
:EXlSTING
• CIRCUIT
a s t hat recommen ded by Geisler" or Lee', or
may be a version of the Crosby triple-triode
, product detectors. \Vhile the gener a l configura-
100
--- --- t..: -.::::", tion is s imilar , the circuit operation and its

I
.,
lOO K L-~--4~~
3
I
advantages are rad ically different.
Th e key point is the low valu e of plate vol-
·2 -C'O
D
lOO K
o
oy I tage sup plied to VIB. Pullen recommends on ly
- --
SEE
TABL E T O OSC I that VlB's plate sup ply be "considerably"
lower than t hat for VIA. The best operation
was found with 50- and 150-volt s upplies, r e-

32 13 MAGAZINE
spectively, a nd component values shown are
fo r use with t hese voltages.
By operating the two nominally-identical
triode sect ions with a common cathode resistor
but at two different plate-supply voltages, a
SURPLUS BUYS
relatively sma ll cha nge in current in one tube Sockets for 829B, 82b, 7094. Ceramic
will cause a la rge change in the ga in of t he with tube holding clips. bO¢, 2 for $1.00.
other. T his is accomplished without sacrificing
average gain in either tube. Sockets. 9·pin miniature yellow bakelite
In addition, the cathode-follower action of with shield base. Cinch, Elco. 20 for
each st a ge completely isolates the oscillator $2.00, 12¢ each.
from the signal circu it. Si nce the sig-nal sees Modulation transform er. 7S watts for
on ly a pai r of triodes, noise is not increa sed.
This circuit is a true li near mixer rather poP 807 or similar 1.75 to I impedance
tha n a detector; its output contains only the ratio fully enclosed. Stancor. $2.50.
two original frequencies and the "product" Filament trans. b.3V. 3.4 Amps. 75¢.
of the original s ignals (numerically equal to
the sum and differe nce fre quencies but without Choke 10 H. 200 me. 100 ohms I500V
their usual no ise content) . The cha in of spuri- RMS test sealed. Made by ADC. $2.75.
ous frequencies usually found in detection-type 14 Ibs.
mixer circuits is absent.
Those who have tried triode mixers before, Choke 15 H. 40 ma. 500 ohms. Sealed.
even of the cathode-coupled variety, may 39¢.
wonder abou t gain. Ca lculat ions showed that I mf. 3000 volts cap. G.E. Pyranol. 95¢.
the version first tested shou ld ha ve shown a
conversion gain of about 20, as compared to 100 mf. 400 volt electrolytic plug-in. 4
the calculated pentagrid mixer gain of about for $1.00.
5 under the sa me conditions. Current transformer. 400 cycles. with
The test signal was a broadcast st a t ion with
consistent st reng t h. S-meter r eadin g wit h t he tape-wound circular core. Approx. III
pen ta g-r id mixer was recorded and the twin- 10, I~" 00, 3/.' wide. Fine for winding
triode circuit then su bst it ut ed and mixer toroids. 3 for $1.00.
alignment readju sted. The S -meter showed Small power transformer. I 15V. bOY.
j ust under 2 unit s improvement. Sec. # I, 400V. tapp ed at 137V., 30 ma.
Cons idering th e fr ee-wheelin g calibration of
most S-meters, an d th is one was n o exception, Sec. #2, b.3V., 8 Amp. 75 ¢.
th is is a remarkable correlation of theory and Coaxial relay single-pole double-throw
experiment. Frankl)', we di sbelieved it and sub- 12 or 24 v. de. 50239 Connectors. $2.00.
stituted another tube which had a calculated
gain of 13. Aft er realignment, the S-meter Meter 2V,-0-2 If, ma. de. (removed from
dropped one un it. equipment). $3 .00.
Rega r dless of such g-ai n figures, whic h are 10.pole 5-position wafer switch. 39 ¢.
Lependent on many variables not all of wh ich
are under control, thi s version of the twin- 25 ohm 200 watt ribbon-wound resistor.
triode mixer shows more signal gai n than 50 ¢.
many pe ntag r -id mixe rs . Its noise figu re is so
low t ha t m ixer noise simply di sappears , even Pin jacks. Black Bakelite. b for 50 ¢,
with th ree if stages fo llowing. The result is $10.00 per gross.
almost complete s ilence between stations, lead - Resistors: 1000 ohms 17w. nominal and
ing one to believe at first that the circuit is 120 ohms 37w. nominal. 20 r each , b for
a dud . Then, though, a fad ing long-hop sign al
wiII come th rough, mov ing almost in stan tl y $1.00.
out of t he no-sig n a l region int o clear audibili t y,
All prices FOB C l evel ~nd. Ohio. Please send
and the design is vindicated. p lenty of p ost... ge. Add 35c o n o rders und er
Every type of twin-triode tube tested to date $2.00 for h ~nd l i n g .
work s in this circuit, but some give better re-
sult s t han others. As noted in Table I , oscil- Sto p in o n you r way t o the Cl eve land C on ven-
lator inj ect ion voltage requireme nts vary ti on . W '" e re near rout e 42 , and 2 blocks south
drastically from tube to tu be. In a like man- of the Zoo.
ner, sensit ivit y var-ies.
Among octal-base tubes , the GSN7 gives
greatest gain but requires higher voltages to
get there. Th e 6S L7 develops its gai n (j ust JEFF-TRONleS
4722 MEMPHIS AVE., CLEVELAND 9, OHiO
ha lf an Scunit less) wi t h much weake r sig na ls
and much less oscillator injec t ion. Th ere fore ,

O C TOBER 1961 33
 Table I. Voltage Req uire me nts for Various Tubes and Valu e s of R2 W it h Typical C o nversion Gain
6SN7 (also 6SL7 (also
Tube 12AX7) 12AU7) 12AT7 6J6
Value of R2 ••..•• . • • • . • • • 100 500 1000 100 500 1000 100 500 1000 100 1000
I nput- Volt age (Signal) •... 2.1 10.5 21 0.32 1.6 8.2 1.4 7.0 14.0 2.1 21
I nput -Volt ag e (Osc.) . 2.5 11.5 22.4 0.42 1.9 3.6 1.6 7.0 13.1 2.8 22
Con ver sion-Ga in if IF Xfmr
Impedance I s 5DK ohms
(For Comparison) 18.5 18.3 18.0 13.9 13.7 13.6 100 150 160 80 130
the 6S L7 is r ecommended. mer-at-h igh-end procedure sever al times t o
Dozens of twin triodes are available on 9- restore tracki ng, since the cha nge in input
pin bases; among the most popular are the capacity usually amount s to about 10 mmfd,
12AX7. the 12AU7. and the 12AT7. \...·h ich upsets original tracking adjustments.
The 12AX7 is directly comparable with the H owever , w ith patience t he track ing can be
6SL7, and the 'AU? with the 'SN7. H ow - made to sur pass t he original condition.
ever , the 12AT7 is the hottest tube available For the theor-y-minded, here's how thi s mi xer
for this circuit, with a gain of more than 100 operates:
and comparatively low injection- and signal- F irst, imagine that the second half of the
voltage requirements, so it's the only recom- t ube, V I B, is not in the circuit at al l. Signal
mended type. If you're willing to change voltage s up plied to the grid of V IA varies the
sockets , the 12AT7 is the best f or any set tube's plate current, and this variation of cur-
regardless of or ig in al tube type. rent through ca t hode r esi stor R2 va r ies th e
In the 7-pin basing, there's only one choice inst a nt a neous voltage from the cathode end
- t he 6J6. Aside from the fact that t he 6J6 of R2 to ground.
is the only 7-pin twi n triode ea sily ava ilable, Now add VIB to the circuit, but keep the
it is sur passed only by t he 12AT7. Gain is oscillator turned off. The circuit is n ow a
in the neighborhood of 100 ( see Table I). cathode-coupled amplifier. Sin ce it is biased
The entire circuit is sim plicit y itself to in- to operate in a lin ear region, th e only ou t put
st a ll. Remove all old con nections from the frequency is t he sig na l frequency, whi ch is
mixer-tube socket , being careful not to cut bypa ssed to ground throu gh the if tran sform er.
shor t eith er t he grid lead from the tuning coil Output is nil.
or th e plate lead from the if can. Th en r ewire Remove the signal voltage from VIA, apply
according to the schemati c. th e oscillator voltage to VI B, and the s it u a-
If you don't ha ve + 150 vdc ava ilable in tion is reversed . Now VIB is the cathode
your receiver (many don't, install resistor R, follower and VIA the gr-ounded-gr-id amplifier
and its bypass capacitor ( shown on the (with no load in the plate circuit). Output is
sche ma tic in dotted lin es. Value of R<I must st ill zero.
be determined by trial and error. Start with ' Vith both sign al a nd oscill a tor voltages ap -
50K ohms, and work down unt il you find t he pli ed, the situ a tion cha nges. VI B is a g r ound-
resi stor which gives 150 volts at point A after ed-grid amplifier for the sig nal , but its bias
everything ha s warmed up. is being changed al so by t he oscillator sig nal
\Vith the new mixer installed, you'll have and as a result its gain varies from zero (a t
to realign the mixer tuned circuits. The ca t h- cutoff) to maximum (zero bias) at the oscil-
ode-follower in p ut s r educe in put capacity so lator freq uency.
drastically a s to completely detune the s tage, T hu s, at the instant when s ig na l voltage
so don't be s u r pr ised if nothing comes through is high and oscillator voltage is low, VIB will
at first. have maximum gain and out put will be high .
The input capacity change ha s least effect If oscillator voltage is high at that i nstant,
at the low end of any band, so it's best to re- out put will be low because V i n's gai n will be
verse normal alignment procedure and st a r t zero.
by adju sting the trimm er capacitors in the This can be expressed mathematically too:
tuning a ssembly at the low end. Simply adjust The gain of two cascaded amplifiers is equal
for maximum sig na l s t reng t h (or higher S- to t he product of their ind ividual gains. That
meter reading). is, K t ot a l = K t X Kz. I n thi s circu it, K 1 is equal
Next, t une to the high end of the band and to the gain of VIA and K : is equal to the gain
rock the trimmer slightly to see if the adjust- of VIB.
ment is optimum. If not, adjust the trimmer However, gain is equa l to the product of
aga in for the best high-end sig na l s tr e ng th. the tube's mutual conductance and the effec-
If t he high a nd required ad j ustme nt, retur n tive load reaista nce, and t he mutual conduct-
to the low end but this time adju st the coil unce of a tube is determin ed in part by its
slug for ma xim um s ig na l. Th en return to t he gTid bias. 1f thi s Lia s is cha nging a t a rapid
high end and readjust t he trimmer. Y ou muy rate, as it is in thi s circuit, th e ga in will be
have to repeat thi s sl ug -a t-low e nd-und-t ri m- equa l to average gain times the rate at which

73 MAGAZINE
bias changes, or KI = K..... x F ee e -
P lugging this equasion back into the original
total gain equation gi ves us Ktot. , = K, X K,."
x F O'e. ~Wt11f ~1f9ilfee"iIf9
e;
Since t he output signal is, by defi nition,
equal to the input signal times t he total gain,
we have for an input signal F .lr an output of
K1 x K,.... X F ne x F "J, and since AC signals
SSB Transceiver
are vecto-r rather than scalar quantities the
indicated m ultiplication must be carried out
by vector rather than by straight a rithmetic
methods. The r esult is t hat the output consists
of the original two frequencies, the numerical
sum of the original frequencies, the numerical
differences, atlll nothin g more.
Getting away from the exotic mathematics,
the big difference between this process and
detection -type mixing using non-linear devices
such as diodes or overd riven t ubes is t hat
only f our output fre quencies a re present. H ar- SW-l75 3.8-4.0 me. lower
monics and spuriou s outputs are not. SW-l40 7.2-7.3 mc. Lowe ,
I n addition, the cathode follower is far more SW-120 14.2-1 4.35 me. Upper
tolera nt of overload than is any ot her basic 130 watts P EP input to 6DQ5 Power Ampli-
amplifier circuit, and as a result no clipping fier .
H ig h frequency crystal lattice filter ; 3 K c .
or distortion occurs in the mixer. nominal ba ndwidth, used for both transm it
A common problem with many conventional and r e c e ive .
mixers is cross-mod ulation, in which two car- U nwanted s ideband down approximatel y ( 0
db . Ca rrier s u ppression app rox imately 50
ri ers become "intertwined" and an unwanted db.
signal ri des in on the one you want. Transmits a utomatically o n r ece tvtnz fre -
q ue ncy.
Even under extreme conditions, such as local Exceptional mechanical, e lectrical a n d the r-
injection of a signal strong enough to almost mal stability. Frequency is practically
unaffected by voltage o r temperatu re var i -
block the if st r ip, cross-modulation could not ations, or by vibration when driving over
be induced in thi s mixer. Apparently thi s is rough roads.
Receiver sensitivity better than 1 microvolt
another by-product of its unu sual method of at SO ohm i nput .
opera t ion. Smooth a u d io response from 300 t o 3.000
cycles p rovtdes excellen t v o ic e quality f o r
Although no t est s have yet been made, Pul- b o t h transmttttn a and r eceiving.
len's analysis of the circuit indicat es t hat it Con t rol system d e signe d for greatest ease of
mobile operation . Front panel con trols in-
s hould provide a good high-output product de- clude: Main Tuning . Vol u m e , Carrier B al-
tector for converting SSB and CW to audible ance, Microphone Ga in . Exciter Tun e . P .
signals; simple subs t it ut ion of an RC coupling A . Tune, P . A . Load. T -R Switch, Supply
On-Off Switch. and Tune S w itch .
network (or an audio tran sformer) for the Main Tuning cont rol is firm and smooth,
if tr an sformer is the only circuit change, wtth 16:1 t uni ng r a tio. Calibrated in 2 K c.
Inc r e m e n t s .
though you might want to incr ea se the value Transceiver produ c e s a p proximate ly 25 w a tts
c a r rier o u t p u t o n AM b y sim p ly a d j u stin g
of r esistor R2. the Car r ier B a l a n ce c o n trol. R e c e ive s A M
I n summary, this overlooked mixer circuit s ignals very satisfactor ily.
appears to offer extreme advantages over 3-Circuit microphone jack p rovides fo r Push-
to-Talk operation.
more-conventional circuits in all of the five
characteristics of the ideal mixer, with fewer POWER SUPPLY REQ UI REMENTS :
parts than usually required. It works as well 275 v olt, DC, nomin a l, a t 90 mo., r. ceive and t ra n...
mi t.
in t he set as it does "on paper" in the design 650 vo lts DC, " a mi ~o l , a! 25-200 ma., tran.mit a nly.
stage, a nd can easily be adapted to any re- 80 volts D~, neg a t lv. b Ias, at 6 ma., rece ive and
tran.mlt.
ceiver. T r y it, and let us know how it works 12.6 volt, AC or DC et 3.45 ompere . , for filaments.
for you . A r e volu tio nary n e w d e-
sign by S w a n Engine erinK
Re(ere n('K : provides single sideban d
1. Lana:!ord-Smith. F ., Radiot ron
Desia:ner·s Hand-
book , Fourth Edition, Radio Corporation of America.
Harrison , N . J., 1!J53, pages 938 and 9 67.
communication at a s u r -
p risingly tow cost. The
one-band design gives ex-
ceptional h igh quality
$275 NET
2. P ullen , K. A., Conductance Design of Active Cir- performance i n a ll re-
cu its, John F. R ide r publisher, Ine., New York, 1969. s pects on t he c hosen b and . PRICE
3. Geisler, Leonard, "Souping The Super-Pro," CQ The r o n c w t n e models are
Magazine, D~ember. 1957, pRa:e 30. available--
4. . Lee, Cmdr. Paul, "Save Your Super-Pro For SSB: '
CQ Magllz ine. Septembf'r, 19 58. pa Ke 52.
6. 73 S u.ff, "Bea t. G eneration:' 73 Ma g a z i ne, }<'t'lJrUary,
1961. pllge 28.
ELLIOTT ElECTRONICS, INC.
Ijncited by number. 73 Staff, "Up Front:' 73 Ma&,uine, 418 N. 4th AVE., TUCSON, ARIZ.
March, 1961. page 82.

35
OCTOBER 1961
 Roy E. Pefe nbe rq W 4WK M
31 b Stretfcrd Ave nue
r oirfox , Virg ini<'.l

Two Meters
the
Easy Way
I' hoto Credit: Morgan S. Gass man . l r

Today's "best buy" in 2 meter equ ipment is a 2 volt , vibrator power supply. F igu r e 1 shows
a vailable on the surplus market as a gover n- a block diagram of the prototype equ ipme nt
ment agency variation of the fam ou s Bendix and the performance mo re than justifies t he
MRT -9 Pack set. Thi s VHF transceiver is complexity of the circuit. Power output of
available from Metro Electronics Corporation, the transmitter was 1 watt and the r eceiver
172 \Va sh ington Street, Ne'W York 7, N . Y ., at sensitivit y e xceeded .5 microvolt.
a cost of $24.95 . This is a real barga in by any The su r pl us version of the tran sceiver was
st a nda r ds s ince t he wholesale cost of the tube s m odified in production for a telemet eri ng a p-
alone ex ceeds $65.00. The dual con siderations plication and is shown in th e photograph.
of high performance and low cost, coupled with W hile the circuit changes are not teo extensive,
an easy convers ion, make the sky t he lim it for the mode of operation a nd the cont ro l circuitry
amateur application of this equ ipment. are changed cons ide r a bly. Specific di ffe rences
a re as follows.
1. Th e second ope rating channel is deleted
and V202 is wired a s an a u dio oscilla t or .
2. The sq uelch circu it is deleted and V112 is
changed to a IA lI4 and wired a s a 1st
audi o amplifier for the receiver se ction .
3. A receive a ud io t one filter "ha s been in-
st a lled in a n enclosure secur ed to t he
front panel of the equipment.
4. Crystals for oper a t ion on 138.06 mega -
cycles are s uppl ied and t he tu ned circuits
are padded for operati on on this fre-
quency. Thi s provides f or operation on 2
met e rs with no f urther charure of the
tuned circu its.
5. A 6 volt vibrator power su pply is hou sed
in the fo r me r battery compartment.
The transceiver shown in th e photograph is
modified for A~I oper a t ion in the 2 meter ba nd .
T h is conver sion is relative ly s im ple and shou ld
Since few details are available on the govern- be ea sily duplicated. AGe voltage is obt a ined
ment application of the transceiver, the equip- from the DC component developed a cross the
ment is best presented by describing the 1st limit er grid resi stor. T he a udio component
commercial prototype a nd then outlin ing the developed across the 2nd limiter grid resi stor
spec ific charges f ound in the surplus version. provid es AM d etection. A power tran s istor
Th e Bendix MRT -9 Packset was a very com - audio stage is installed in the ex-filter com-
pact, high performance FlU t ra nsceiver, oper- pa r t ment a long with a 1'.1\1 s pea ker and the
a ting in the 152-174 megacycle band and de. combinati on audio out put-modulat ion tran s-
sig ned to mee t all F CC r equ irements for thi s former. Also included in the compartm ent are
ser vi ce. The equipment u sed 19 submi niature the send an d receive audio gain controls, the
tubes and wa s powered by dry batteries or by carbon mike inp ut ci r cuit a nd a se nd-r eceive

Jb 7J MAGAZINE
 Now 3 ways

• FI BERGLAS SPREADERS ..
• ALUMINUM SPREADERS ......•...•..... .... ......• only
only $99.50
$79.50
• BAMBOO SPREADERS . • . .• •••••• • .• .• . . ........•••• onl y $67. 50
All mode ls use t he heavy duty Cubex support structure - 2" 0.0.
t ub ulor o lum. boo m - Heot treere d a lum. spiders - Hi·G o in - Hi·
F8R - Sing le f ee d line opt io no l.
I.",,, W"i" d fI. ·.i.'"nl'p-Lil!h, Ir ..i /l"h" o nlY 2 7 " ,..-TV Rot.... lIandle '
- I....eo S W·R- P ..e- Honed Rejl ecJor Coil.....;..'·o S 'ub.
Ue CU8 EX MK III gives you 3 fULL SIZE, fULL EffiCIENCY. beam
antennos wi th separate f ULL WAVE driven e le me nts on each band. All

-
this in half the hori zontol spoce re q uire d by a 3 el, 20 mtr. beam .
WR ITE FOR FREE BROC HU RE " F"

r ela y. The power su p ply is used a s IS a nd r e- Magazin e. However, space li mita tion s, p a r ti eu-
quires no modification for G volt DC operation. lary for presen tation of t he large schemat ics,
Cryatal s for the converted equipment pose make it impossible to print the article in a
no problem. I nter na t iona l Crystal Manufac- regu lar issue.
turing Compa ny ha s correlation data on ha nd I n view of the h eavy demand for detailed
for this equipment and can provide one da y informati on on this su rp lus t ran sceiver, t he
service on small orders. Cost is reasonable, editor has decided to print the full article in a
$5.75 for the tran smit and $6 .50 for the re- se pa r a te booklet and make it available throug-h
ceive crystal un its. 73 Magazin e. Cost per copy of this special
Since tech nical da t a on the su r plus tr an s- p r int ing is $.50 a nd , as Wayn e says, " If we
ceiver is simply not available, it was necessary, can break even on the deal , we will be happy."
in writing up thi s conversion, to describe the T h is little transceiver is, at its price, one of
equ ipmen t in much greater deta il than would the most attract ive buys on the s ur plus mar-
otherwise he r equ ir ed . A deta iled descri ption ke t . Mod ified a s described , it will meet the in-
of t he pr oj ect , includi ng schematics, layout di vidu al amateu rs r equi r ements fo r a fixed
drawings, conversion instruction s, crystal d ata freq uency, battery powered transceiver and
and alig-nment in structions, wa s prepared in for emergency or club net operation it is ideal.
t he form of an article fo r publication in 73 .•. W·IWXM
w
••R£
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CR'" ro ....
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TO R[(;£I'IO f ILAM[MTS
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TO TRAIlSMlIIEA fUMEMTS • , ,I ,,
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to ll[C£lYEA
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u.." '~TD1

O C TO BER 1961 37
A Useful Accessory
for the
Hom Shack
Rex Mo rris W 2WXHj b
21 6 1 G rend Ave.
Se n Diego 9. Calif.

ECAUSEwe are dealing with something we proper position. Coil Ll. tunes the vhf range
B cannot see, namely electrons and electro- of approximately 90 me to 170 me (2 meters) .
magnetic radiation (we only see their effects), L2 tunes 28 me to 100 me (10 meter and six
we must acquire the ability to u se test equip- meter bands) . L3 tunes to 7 me to 30 me (40,
ment, in order to understand and find our way 20, 15 and 10 meter bands). L4 tunes from
in this invisible realm. 2 me to 7 me (80 and 40 meter bands). \Vith
The piece of test equipment about to be de- switch SI on the proper tap, condenser C2, on
scribed is one of the more useful instruments left of panel, is used to peak the reading on
that the amateur should have in the shack. meter 1\1 1. Using- a calibrated dial, frequency
\Vhile this instrument serves primarily as a may be read directly. Toggle switch S2 is a
field strength meter, it will al so ser ve as a high-low range switch for meter :'tU, providing
phone monitor, neutralization indicator and a a mean s of keeping the meter on scale and
sensitive wavemeter, protecting it against burn-out. Potentiometer
1t1 (center of panel) is a vernier shun t control,
also for keeping the meter on scale.
1'-'01' use as a phone monitor, rf shou ld be fed
into the input jack with a link or pick-up wire.
Once again the LC circuit is resonated to the
frequency we desire. Earphones inserted in
jack J2 will open the meter circuit and allow
you to monitor the sig na l. Switch 82 is placed
in the Hi position.
Field strength readings can be taken by
using a shor t pickup antenna. Again the LC
circuit shou ld be tuned to resonance. Meter
1\11 will give an indication of field strength.

Referring to the circuit diagram, meter :Ml

is a sensitive instrument which indicates the
pressure of rf when the device is used as a With switch S2 in the Hi position the meter
field strength meter, wavemeter or neutraliza- is very sen sit ive and potentiometer Rl is a
tion indicator. variable shunt providing much range of scale
To use this instrument as a wavemeter, a adjustment. F or use as a remote reading field
pickup loop is substituted for the shor t whip strength meter an external microammeter
antenna at the top. Switch SI, the band switch (with up to 200 feet of wire) may be plugged
on the right of the panel, is placed on the in t o .J2. For making transmitter adjustments

38 73 MAGAZINE
 •
with the grea t new
•

• • o
440 SL
H AM MICROPHONE
o
, • Sharp Cutoff Below 300 and Above 3000 cps
• "
- Minimizes Splatter. Reduces Unwanted
Sideba nd.
•
• El iminat ion of resonant peaks permits high er
a verage pow er - more a udio pu nch.
• Sh aped freq uency response - Superb I nt el-
ligibility - Naturalness of vo ice.
I • Trouble-Free Controll ed-Magnetic Design-
Hi-Ou t put - 5 2. 5 db - F.xtraordinarily
Ru gged - No hum idity probl ems.
• Complete with Grip-to-Talk Switch. Desk
Sta nd , 2-Conductor Shielded Cable. Will

.... . . ...... ... e. operate \'OX a nd Grip-ta -Talk.

Complete with sta nd, grip-to-talk switch, 7 ft.
o
o 0
0
hi ghest quality 2 cond uctor shiel ded cable.
: ONLY ·. Ca b I,· conne ctor equi val cn t to Amphe nol
o ~I C3~1 plug.
•
••
•o
$2850* u IHTE }'OR I.ITt:ltATUIlE: D..pl . ;0.; 0. 52-11

o
o
Shure Brothers, I nc., 222 Ha rtrey Ave., Evanston, III.
o
o
..Amot.~T Nee
• .... .. .. M ICROP lla~E S. 1II<;1I fIDELITY A~D EI.ECTRO~IC CO:'ofPO~E~TS
•••••••

thi s IS a very desirable feature. what ca n not be seen.

Now notice that one position on the band- The usefulness of thi s instrument is limited
s witch 81 is vacant, this vacant position pro- only to one's ability to apply it and interpret
vid es a very broad hand-low sensitivity posi- the results it gives. These only come with ex-
tion fo r those ext remely high rf fields where per ience, trial and error and determined appli-
even Rl and 32 cannot provide enough atten- ca t ion . . .. W2WXII / 6
uation.
Coil Da t il
Neutralizati on measurements are made by
cou pling the in strument through a pi ck-up link 1.1-0n t! t u rn h ai rpin loop.
1..2-5 turns o f #1 8 e na mel wif-e sp a ce wou nd t " die ,
to the tank coil involved, with 82 in the La 1.3-24 turns #,,2 2 dot h covered wi re, close wound, %"
position. When the in strument is tuned to din .
resonance i t becomes a very sens it ive r-f indi-
ca tor. It is so se nsi t ive that it will r eadily be
see n that com plete neutralization exists in
theory only.
As in all s im ple ga dg-ets there are a few
sim ple construct ion techniques which mak e th e
difference between gadget and instrument. In
thi s case the important thing' to keep in mind
is that from th e antenna to the crystal is th e
rf portion, and from the crystal to th e j a ck J2
is th e dc portion (with audio su per impose d ).
'With thi s in mind, construction is such t hat
the two parts are sepa r a ted, thereby giving
so me measure of protection from rf e ner g y to
the very sensit ive micro amm eter 1\11. Also note
the extensive use of sheet metal scr ews on the
aluminum case. The only rf we want to ent er
th e case is t he rf we are attempting to measure
via the antenna jack. Note again, we have here
an instrument for detecting electromagnetic
radiation, from approximately 170 me to 2 me.
W e now h ave an in strument f or vi sualizing

OCTO BER 1961 39

An
Inexpensive
Vertico I
Ken Johnson W bN KE
21835 Rodex Street
Ceu oqe Pork. Celli.

antenna wa s born of the or two of the interior of t he mid

T il l S
la ck of spa ce and money and sect ion with emery cloth.
a desire fo r s implicit y. It not only Next, inser-t the ceda r pole int o
satis fi ed these requirements but t he opposite end of the mid sec-
proved to be one of the best DX tion and run it through the t ub-
getters that I have ever built in ing until it bu tts a gainst the end
more than twenty-five years of of t he t op section. Drive fo ur
hamming. It requires no radials sm a ll finishing nai ls throu gh t he
and feeding- and loading are ac- wall of the mid sect ion and into
complished at ground level. It can t he pole near t he lower end. This
be mounted on the side of a ho use will hold t he st iffene r pole in its
(Fig. 1) and is so designed that proper place.
the top half is self-s u pporting . Loosely insta ll another tub ing
The maj ority of th e materials are clamp on the slott ed end of t he
aircraft su r plus and the total cos t bottom section of tubing. In sert
of the system is around fifteen t he protr uding end of t he pole
dollars. and t he mid sect ion t ube into thi s R6. /
The rad iator con si sts of thr ee end of the bottom section. Adj ust
twelve foot sections of surplus this slip joint unti l the overall
aluminum aircraft tubi ng, three length of the rad iator measures
a ircraft tub ing clamps and a :l ~ f eet , then tighten t he clamp.
fifteen foo t piece of %. inch di- Aenln, be su re to remove an)' ano-
a meter r ound ceda r pole. In the dize or pr otective coa ti ng fr om
original an tenna, the bottom tube the t ubing to insure a good elec-
sect ion mea sured on e inch a.D., trical con nect ion. ,
% inch J.D.; the mid sect ion was
% inch 0 .0 . and 74 inch L D.
Clean an in ch or two of the out-
s ide of the lower end of the " .
r;
The top section had an G.D. of
74 inch. These diameters a lIow
bottom secti on, in stall the t hir d
clamp and ti ghten. This will later I-. ,
/ ' I-
serve as a feed connection when
the sect ions to be telescoped to-
gether in the final a ssem bly of
the radiator.
t he antenna is ra ised t o a ve r t ical
pos it ion.
+--
/ .
, -
"
T IV'
,
The next st ep is to install t he J
Slot one end of the bottom and I
mid sections of tubing for a dis- ground pipe but befor e this can
ta nce of one inch. T his can be be done, t he exact loca tion of t he II
easily done with a hack sa w.
Loosely in stall one of t he tub-
anten na mu st be determined. As
it was previously st ated , the an- ,:.
, /M
r;

tenn a wa s designed to mount on

ing clamps on the s lotted end of the side of a hou se. T he peak of
the mid sect ion and in sert on e and a r oof is ideal for th e top mou nt-
one-half feet of the top sect ion ing in su lator and another one
into it. T ighten the clamp unt il a should be located a pp rox ima tely
good mechanica l and electrical t hree feet below it.
joint is prod uced. Care should be A ssuming you are going to use
taken to r emove any protective the peak of the roof, install a
coat ing , such as anodi ze, f r om the sta ndoff insu lator a t that point.
area of th e joint . This can be Tie a length of st ring . with a
done by cleaning the con tact point weight or plumb bob at the end
on the top section and an in ch #'/ fLL 8R/fC,t'fT
of it to th e in sulator and mark /'/6 J

40 73 MAGAZI NE
 the spot where the weight touches the ground.
T hi s is t he s pot for the installation of your
ground pipe.
T hrea d one end of a piece of one-half inch
galvanized pipe twe lve feet long an d install a
pipe to garden hose adapter. F ile the opposite
end of t he pipe until it is somewha t sh ar p.
Atta ch the g-arden hose and have a friend on
top of a st ep ladder help you hold t he p ipe MODEL DI-1
vertical with its sh ar pened end on the s pot
indicated by the plumb line. RF
At t hi s poin t , a wor d of warning is appropri- DISTORTION
ate. The fir st foo t of the next operation is ex-
tremely \v·et and muddy, so be su re and wea r INDICATOR
vour oldest clothes.
. Have someone turn the wat er pres sure on
f u ll. keep yo ur mo uth closed and wash t he pi pe
down into the ground. If you should s trike • Specifically designed for correct adjustment of
roc ks, work the pipe gently up and down until linear amplifiers, SSB exci te rs or tra nsmitti ng
enough earth is washed away to allow the rock converters.
to move and the pipe to pass. Continue thi s • Displays Rf trapezoid or Rf en velope patterns.
process u ntil approximately eig ht inches of Uses 3" scope tube with full mv-metel shield. Green
pipe are st ill above the grou nd . filter provides unusually sharp d isplay, even in
The usual procedure at thi s point is to turn bright light.
off th e hose and head for the shower .
The next j ob is t o fabricate some kind of • Trapezoid pattern compares detected envelo pe of
exciter with Rf envelope of amplifier or transmit·
sepa r at ing in sulator. The original one wa s a ting converter.
piece of micarta fi led to a point on either end.
The present one is machined from a piece of • The accessory Two-Tone Plug·ln oscillator Model n·1
plastic round stock (Fig. 2). provides the sig na l "(hen making adjustments to
\Vith t he plumb line st ill in place, measure the amplifier or transmitting converter.
th e di stance f rom the wall of the house to the • No mod ifications or interna l attachments to exciter
line. From th is dimension, figure t he size of or amplifier required. Rear connections provided
th e wall mounting bracket neces sary to com- for 50-70 ohm coax Jine•.
pen sate for the overhang of the roof a s shown
• Operates 160 ihru 6 meters. NO TUNING required.
in F ig . 3. T h is bra cket can be made of one- Handles any power 5 wa tt s to 2 KW PLUS.
eighth inch by one-inch st r a p iron and can be
bent to the proper s ha pe in a vise. • Built-in, hum fr ee power supp ly (or 117 VAC.
Mount the bracket to t he wall of the ho use • Comes completel y wi red a nd tested, with all tubes
with lag or t oggl e bolts approx imately three and ready to operate.
feet below the top in sulator at t he peak of t he
r oof. Amateu r Net Price MODEl 01 ·1 . • •$99.95
Two large size fu se clamps were used to MODEL rt.t . .. $19.95
clamp t he radiator to the sta ndoff insu lators.
These can be purchased at an)' electrical s up-
ply h ouse.
J? &
~
ELECTRONICS INC.
424 Columb io Loforen_, Ind _
At thi s point, you are ready to erect the
radiator. Inst all the base insu la t or on the
grou nd pipe a nd ra ise the rad iator to a vertical coil is con nected to t he base of t he vertical
position. Snap it into the fu se clamps on the with a small battery clamp. T he alligator clip
sta ndoff insulators a nd place the bottom end on the center lead of the coax is then snipped
over the top of t he base insulator. Inser t the on to the coil at approximately the twelfth
sc r ews through the ea rs of the fu se clamps turn.
and tighten t hem, locking your vertical in T he S \VR on the or iginal antenna wa s below
place. 2: 1 on all t hree bands.
This antenna is fed with 52 ohm, RG5 8U or \Vith 75 watts and t hi s antenna, the writer
RG8U coax cable. For operation on 40 a nd 15 worked Europe, A sia, Oceania a nd South
meters, th e cen ter lead is connected to the America on 15 meter C\V. Numerous other dx
radiator by in stalling an alligator clip to its conta cts were made on 40 a nd 80 meter C' V.
end which, in turn, is sn ipped on to t he clamp \Vit h pa t ience and f avor a ble conditions, you,
at its base. The coa x s hield is connected to too, will find that thi s antenna will get the
the grou nd pipe by means of a groun d clamp. j ob do ne. \Vhen you get your General Class
F or operation on 80 meters, an air wound licen se, you will find that it will do well on the
loading coil of 15 turn s of # 14 wire, three p hone bands too. It's an all arou nd good en-
inches in diameter, is used . The top of thi s tenna for an all a r ou nd good ham.. .. \V6NK E

O C TO BER 196 1 41
 Geo rge Messe ng e r, K6CT
603 S. L-,rk El len
W e st Covino, C oliforni<'l

\
A N ew A ntenna D esig n
Part 1/

Dual Diversity Beam

N the September issue of "73" I described of the obser-vations app r ox imated the hori zon-
I the de sign concept and the performance of ta l pattern of the Turnstile. T he slight sa g
the cross-polar-ized beam. Thi s article will de- frem a circu lar pattern (marked by the shaded
scribe the anten na itself and t he factors t hat area in Fi g . 2) t urned out to be a drop of
influenced the design detail s. about 5 db.
E ssentially, it is two Gamma - match fed The de sign was di scu ssed with a nu mber of
Vag-is 01 a s ing le boom, one of t he m in t he am a teurs an d engineer s a nd the opi nion was
horizontal pla ne and the other vertical. No often expressed that s uch a configuration
sing: e part of the physical arrangement is would result in a loss of one-half the power in
new. P a r a sit ic elements origi nated w ith Ya gi, each plane because t he available power was
cro ssed dipoles from the Brown Tur nstile, be in g divided be twee n two d rive n elements.
Gam ma matche s are standard and phasing Though test s have not borne out these predic-
line s oc cu r in ma ny different design s. T he only tions , I have no idea a s yet of why. I'll let you
nev..· thi ng t hat is in volved is the combi ni ng of know if fu rt her tests s he d some ligh t on t h is.
a l l these in to a new physical arrangement to
achieve diversity reception and transmission. Feeders
The basic objective is to develop a forwa rd T he feeding a nd phas in g sys te m arc, a s far
beam pattern a s close a s poss ib le to a circle . a s I know, or iginal features in the de sign. All
In the Brown Turn stile both dipoles are of the Turn stile a ntenna s that I read about
mounted in t he hor izont al plane and produce a used o pe n wi re ph a sin g a nd fee ding syst ems.
hori zont al ra dia tio n pattern that is a lmost cir- U sing coax cable for thi s purpose see med t o
cular. That pattern, viewed from above, is me to be a si mple r syst em both electrically and
s hown in F ig-. 1. The question wa s w hethe r a
mecha nically.
Turnstile coul d be tur ned on its s ide a nd ha ve
The matching a nd phasin g' system is shown
the horizontal radiation pattern become the in Fig. 3. Any tran smission line you may han"
frontal aperture of a beam. If this could be
on hand may be used. Th e chart in F ig'. 4 gives
done, then suc h a bea m could fun ction equ a lly

/j~
7 ~
well in the hori a - nt a l a nd vertica l planes, and
pro', ide improved performance in oblique
pla nes. I \
T he beam was built and the element leng th s 7'
and the sp a cin g between e lem ents adju sted for
best performance. Two field st r eng t h meters
were u sed to make t hese a dj u stme nt s, one wit h
a hor izontal pickup antenna and the other
vertical. In this manner sim ult a neous read ings
in both planes we r e m a de. After adj usting t he
bea m for maximum forward gain pe rformance, Figure I: Horizonta l fie ld Figure 2: Approximate
the field strength meters were rotated to test stre ngt h pattern of th e for ward ape rture pattern
t he signal patte rn at various a ngles . T he plot Turnstile a nt enna . of the beam .

42 73 MAGAZINE
the dimensions fo r the g a mma match f or dif-
feren t imped a nce lines. I used RG58/ U because
it matched my low-pass filter a nd R G63 for Give your shack that
t he phasi ng li ne beca use it ma de for a sho rte r professional look-
gamma match. I did no tice, in tr-ying other
lines, that the gamma adju stment wa s not
ve ry cr it ica l.
Going into the design ph ilosophy j ust a bit, install an
it will be obvious to t hose of you with an
acquai n ta nce with antenn a a nd fe edline theory
.... _-- ALDEN
that Zgb sho u ld equal Zpl , . . the feed line
imped ance s hould match the antenna. T hu s a t
-
'
---_.
---
~.k::: ~ _ =_.3'.:_ .
point X you h ave t he ph a si ng line an d f eed
line, both with fixed impedances, in parallel
• HAM
with t he variab le im peda nce of gamma r od A,
or Zga . Us ing the fo rm u la for pa r allel im-
pedances this can be calculated for various .....--_- BENCH
ty pes of line a nd t he n umber s in F ig. 4 deve l-
oped,
Only one mechanical problem is involved. w ith power facilities.
The an ten na must have the boom h ig h enough
above t he top g uys to the towel' (if guyed) so See our full page ad in the J an uar y 73
the vertical driven elemen t will not ru n afoul (page 45) and order yours today. For
of th e g uys whe n t he antenn a is ro tated. furth er informatio n see yo ur dealer or
write to
o
~E ~---d;;:;;;;;:;ri--"'t
lOA ~I

N
DRIVEN ELEMENT A ALDEN PRODUCTS COo
GAMMA ROO
10186 North Ma in Street. Brockton, Mass.
E
L 1'-....

Ti
TRANSMISSION LINE
ZTL .
ZGB T 1/4
WAVE Are You Mobile?.4li
1" P~ IN;
LJ<E
ZPL
Improve signal/noise
ralio up 10 20 DB .7': ./ :
GAMMA ROO B - ,,-'"
Fig ure 3: The special matching syst em. wilh MARK HW -:> e
W hen a ssembled to the dimensions s hown,
wit hout usi ng Gamma or Omega matching con-
HELIWHIP* ANTENNAS
densers, the S ' VR measu r ed 1.06 to 1. T he M ark H ELIWHIP * Pla stic Covered Fi bre
complications that would a r ise by trying to Glass Antenna s n ot iceably i m p rove mob ile
get r id of the trivia l S ' VR r ema ining were com munications over lon g wh ips a n d b a se
loaded a nten nas! M ark M ob ile's e xcl usive
deemed not wo rt h t he effort. The varia nce of " Static Sheath "> pla stic covering reduces
element length from han dbook dimension s re- precipitation static - i m proves reception sig-
sulted from field st rengt h test s that s howed n al /noise ra tio u p to 20 DB! H igh rad ia t ion
e fficie ncy. Broadband wit h excellent VSWH .
the le ngths given a s providing the best overa ll M ark HELIWHIPS a re availa ble in 4 ' to 8 '
performance. leng th s depe nding u po n frequen cy, with
m odels for all b and s. 6 through 160; 2 meters
Nece.so,y
wit h C VS-21 44 , 2 .5 D B gain ~ ii wave whi p.
T ron.mi •• ion Phas ing
Zpl & 19b 50 ohm matching at resonan t freq uency. Non
Un. T y p. ltl L in e Type Z, o to mo I c h X Y L resis t ive . .. actually im proves t he a p -
pea rance of your car. M ou n t o n t ru nk or cowl
RG8 / U 52 RG621U 93 118 ,., just l ik e BC anten na . Step u p to H ELIWHIP
RG63 /U l Z' 89 .4
RG l1 !U 7S 16 9.5 a n d know the real joy of mob ili n g!
R G59! U 73 180.7
, * HELI W HIP is a registered trad e ma rk
387 . 5
RGll !U
" RG 621 U
RG63! U
RG62/U
93

'"
93
187,5
125. 9
u.s. Pale nl 2,966,679 U.S. Pra ce u Pal e nt 2, 93 8,21 0
RG58/U
'" RG63!U
RGll /U
RG59!U
.125
7S
7J
93.5
186.6
200 .2
Write for te ch nical data a r visit y our
amateu r eq ui p me n t s up p lier
n e a ~ st

RG59/U 73 RG6 2 /U
RG 63 /U "
12S
339 . 4
1 75 .4 ~ MARK MOBILE,lnco
Oepl. HA ·I O, 5"'" We lt Fo,go Ave .
Fig . 4 5kok ie , lIlinoi.

OCTOBER 19b1 43
 T he beam, which has been in u se for one
year so far, is constructed a s follows:
Room : 13 feet long-2 in ch outside diam-
7 '7~ 4'10" _
ete r, a luminum alloy.
" - -.228 WL-~01 1-0>--.144 WL
Elements: 3 pieces per element-s-center
15'5" piece 12 fe et long- l J.A" diameter, alumi-
nu m a lloy. T wo outer pieces, te lescoping
h'':;:::7~'~i' RGG3U
COILED COAX
into center piece. 6 feet long, 1 inch
diameter, aluminum alloy.
For freq uency 28.65 me - element
15'5" lengths : Reflect or s- I 7' 4"; Dr iven ele-
ments 16' 5" ; Directors 15' 5",
Gamma nod s: ,'}, " Aluminum tubi ng, 24"
long. Adju stable st r a p set a s foll ows:
Vert ical Gamma st r a p, for 125 ohms -
21" ; H orizont a l strap, f or 93 ohms-20" .
~ ware Phasing Coax-7 ' 3" of RG63-U .
swn at design fr equency: 1.06 : 1.
Spacing between Ga mma rods and driven
elements, 4". At antenna end, all coax
shields connected together and to ma st.
Balance : Mast is atta ched to center of
gravity of the antenna at the boom. T his
keeps the vertical driven element about
14" from the ma st.
Clea ra nce : Mast is clamped to boom on
opposite s ide from vertical elements
wh ich keeps m a st out of the immediate
plane of the vertical elements.
The beam was compared with a quad two
Figure 5
wavelengths a wa y a nd at the same heigh t .
The new beam showed a s uper iorit y of 3 t o
Tra nsmission line connects at junction of ;; db over the quad. Further experiments with
horizonta l G amma rod and 1f4 wave clement spacing and length show that 2 to 3
phas ing line. Mast is attached to th e db more is possible by exact measurement a nd
center of gra vity of th e a nten na, which care in adjustment. If the quad is capable of
keep s the vertical drive n ele ment a bout 7 db gain, then this beam, adjusted for maxi-
14" from the mast. Spacing between th e mum performan ce, should be capable of about
Gamma rods a nd d riven elements is 4".
Ground all coa x shield ends tog ethe r 14 db gain!
a nd to mast. Raise antenna a bove the These specifica tion s , plus the sket ch in Fig-
guy wires so t here won't be a ny inter- ure 5 sho uld pr ovide enough detail for any
feren ce with the rotation. home bu ilder to copy the beam. . .. K6CT

Silicon Replacements
for Tube Rectifiers
There are numerou s advantages in the use the number required to make up the P lY re-
of silicon rectifiers ove r tube recti fie rs. U n- qui red, or t he u se of special aillcon s, make it
fort unately, some equi pment was built before more practical to use tubes. w he re the volt-
s ilicon rectifiers were available at prices that ages are lower, the s ilicons are su per ior to
compared with v acuum t ubes. T her e are a ppli- vacu um tubes because of their smaller size,
cations where tubes are superior, but these are increased efficiency, cooler operation and the
usually in circuits requ iring a high P l Y. I n fact that they don't require heater voltage.
such circuits, the high cost of silicons when Wh ile on the topic of heater requirements,

73 MAGAZINE
 it is usually overlooked that the heaters or
filaments of rectifiers r equire t remendous IIC-22J, FREQUENCY METER.
L ike New . S69.50
(com paratively) amounts of filam ent power. 85ke I F Tra nsform ...
ARC-l~l. N e 79t eL 3 for . 2.25
An example of this is the 5U4, one of the most BC· 603 FM Receiver
14.95
20 ·21. 1 )I e. E xe. eeed, .
common rectifier s used, which has a heat er in- 8· 603 fM Receiver
put of 15 wa tts; the 5Y3 which requ ires 10 20·21. 1 Me. Brand New . 18.95
BC · 913 A FM Recei ver
watts; or the 5AU4 which requires 22* watts. 2:1 -38 .11 :Me. B ran d N'ew •••••...•••••• _. _ 29.95
AR T. 13 Trans mlttet'
Compa red to amplifier t ubes, t he power used is with lub e. &: mete". used . •.••...... . ... . 39.50
BC-6C4 Mf Tr1ln lm ltt , r
tremendous. A small t ube like t he 6C4 requir es with tube s. Brand N', w ••• ..••......... . • 4.95
less than a watt while the larger power tubes A ntenna Mast Base
... 3-39" llut S eetlolU _ 2.95
like t he 807s use about 5 % wa tts of heate r A RC· 2 Tran sre lnr. Coll lnJ
power. I n some circuits, the hea t er power of r ermeablll ty Tuned OseUl l tor ExnlleDt . . . • 29.50
APS. 19 "X" Ba nd Rte· Trans.
the rectifier is larger t han the entire plate with 2135 ),fa a:netroo .. •..• .• •• . •• • •.. ...•
A P S·20 "5" Ba nd Synehtonllen
P.U.R.
power used. To me, waste like t ha t seems r idic- with 34 t ubet •.• . • •.. •.•• • • .• . . .••. ..... • 19.95
ID·6/ AP N·4 I nd lntor
ulous , as elim inating t he heater power of the less tub es • • . •• . ••. • . . . • . . . •• • •• • . . . • . • ••. 2.95
B . 4" 2 Ant,n na Rela y
rectifier would almost halve the A C power ..-Ith :\l eter &: V I C. Cap . 1.95
requ ired. Another disadva ntage of vacu um ARR · 2 Rl cl ln r ,
11 tu bes wIth cn ecme ratcn ..•.....•..... 4.95
t ubes is t he large amount s of heat t hat they ARC · ! AM Rec, lver
12.95
100·156 !ole. E xcellent .
generate. In compact equipment, it makes t he ARC·! AM Transm it ter
area arou nd the power supply extremely hot 100- 158 Me. Excellen t .... . ••.. .....•.... . 14.95
1.1 30A S l, nal Generalor,
which leads to f a ilure of parts premat urely a s 1(10 ·156 Me . 7.95
1· 95 B F I' ld Stre nl l h Mei er.
well as the requ irement for increased ventila - 100 · 138 lIe . 7.95
O M·!" Dyna molor.
tion. About ha lf of t he f ailures in fi lter con- b rand new • . • . .•.....•.• ...... .. .... ..... 2.95
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bra nd n,w .. .. . .. . . . . .. . • .•• . . . . . • . . . • .•• 9.95
power supply ca n be traced to excess heat from KY6.5/ARA · 26 Automillc K, yer
2.95
u conferted In thb Iss ue of ' ·13'" ..••..• .
the rectifier tubes. T he problem is multiplied Seft d Mon ey Order or Chec k with Order
by t he use of a ca n type fi lter pl aced a lmost Jr~r it. lor B ldl.,," No. 3 3 - LOA DS OF BARGAINS l
next to the recti fier tube. Sificons are a lso more
efficient since they have a lower voltage drop R W ELECTRONICS
2"30 S. Mlchi , an AVenU I • Out. 73
across them. P honl : CAll" nl t .5. 1281 Ch icago II, ill inois
In some equipment, t he cha nge to siIicons is
simple as all that is required is to solder two
of t hem in pla ce a nd add a protective r esistor.
I n other equ ipment, the recti fier socket is al-
most inaccessible. The obvious solution is a
plug-i n a ssembly to replace the t ube recti fier .
T his can be made by removing t he base from
an old rectifier tube, and soldering the recti-
fiers to the correct pins in t he base, a long with
the protective resistor. It sho uld then be pos-
sible to plug it into any equipment which uses
the t ubes , a s long a s the r a tings on t he r ecti- General Coverage: BC - 34mc
fiers aren't exceeded. Bandspread on Amateur Bands
T he rating that usually has to be watched
is the PIV. w hen a r ectifier is used in a full-
wave circuit, the P lY is t he full voltage be-
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ELECTRONIC SUPPLY
tween the ends of the plate winding X 1.41 1125 E. MICHIGAN ST.
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plus a safet y factor. F or example, if a f ull
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output, the PlY of the rectifiers should be
200 X 1.41 or 282 volts. W ith a safety factor,
the P lY of t he r ectifier s should be 300 to 350
volts. w hen figuring output voltage allow for
t he drops across the rectifiers, protective re-
$245.00 for your
sistors, t ransfo rmers , chokes, etc. T he prot ec-
tive resistor is necessary to protect the recti-
fi ers from surges of current when the unit is
Central lOB
fi rst t urned on . A discharge fi lt er will a ppear see page 13
as a dead short to the rectifier and ca n draw
severa l amps of current until it is charged,
especi a lly i f voltage is a pplied on t he voltage
peak of the cycle. T he resistor limits this cur-
rent to a sa fe value.
T he uses for this plug-in are a lmost lim it-
less, and it is usually worth while to have
several around. . .. ' VA2INl\l " HAM HEADQUARTER S, US A"

OCTO BER 196 1 45

 VFO Circuits
Sto ff

T A ST month, we explored the field of crystal From here on out, we're going to a ssume
L oscillators in some detail, and promised t hat good construction practice has been fol-
you a similar study of VFO circu its in a late r lowed when comparing performance of vari-
a r ticl e. Th is is it. ous VFO circuits. A few tips on m ech anica lly
Almost every ham who g rad uates from the solid VFO construction are gathered at the
Novice license looks forward to the day when end of t he a r t icle.
he is allowed to use a VFO to control the fre- Before we delve into the int ricacies of in -
quency of his transmitter , rather than being dividual VFO circuits, let's look at the basics
rockbound at a few selected spots within the of vacuum t ube os cillato r s.
bands. In g eneral, oscillators can be divided into
But after a littl e experience with the VFO, either of two major pairs of cla ssifications.
the ham who is a perfectionist rapidly learns One g roup ing breaks them into relaxation and
that the word "variable" in the name "variable s in u soid a l oscilla tors, but that's useless for u s
frequency oscillator" frequently means exactly because we're only interested in sin uso ida l os-
what it says : unpredictable, movable withi n cillators. Square waves, sa w teeth, pulse trai ns,
wide limits, not stably fi xed. In other words, a nd t he like have t heir places , but not as trans-
there's a world of difference between the rock- mitter "FOs . So we'll use the oth er pair of
like frequency stability of a crystal oscillator clasaifications : feedback oscillators , and negu-
and the performance of many VFOs . tive-resistu nce types.
Much of the difference is inherent in the One interpretation lumps these all into one
physical distinctions between the frequency- g-roup, on the ba sis that the feedba ck provided
controlling elements, since it's hardly possible by a t ube circu it introduces effective neg a t ive
to get an LC circuit's Q up to 25,000, while resistance. However, it's ea sier to understand
this figure of quality factor is common in circuit action by conside ri ng them a s se pa r a te
quartz crystals. But the popularity of side- group ings.
band and V HF interest have combined to focu s Only three types of negative-resistance os-
attention on high-atability oscillators, and the cilla t o rs are in anything like general use these
result is that-c-on the lower bands , at least- d a ys : the transitron, t he point-contact tran sis-
it's possible to bu ild a VFO whose perfo r mance tor circuit, and the tu nnel-diode circuits. Of
ca n 't be d istinguished from that of a crystal these, we 'll look only at the tran sitron circuit
oscillator. (semiconductor circuits are of suffi cien t im-
One key po int of VFO technology can't be porta nce to warra nt another article all to
overemphasized, though you 've undoubtedly them selves) a nd the discu ssion of negative-
heard it many times. That is the fact that fre- resi stance oscillators will be deferred until we
quency st a bilit y is determined more by me- reach t ha t circuit.
chanical considerations than by the individual All the other oscillators in use are of the
circuits involved. While it's true that some f ee dback type, in which a portion of an ampli-
circu its have inherently greater st a bi lit y tha n fier's output is fed back to the input . \V hen
others, even the lea st st a ble basic circu it can just enough sig n a l is fed back to provide a
give excellent results if its con struction is st ea d y input, the closed-loop syst em formed is
mechanically sou nd . On the other hand, no sel f-s ust a ining and requires no external sig na l
matter how st a ble the circuit should be, it will to keep goi ng. T he first major d ifferences in
show drastic instability if components are free oscillator circuits evolved from different m eth-
to move, su bj ect ed to extreme temperature ods of obtaining and applying the feedback.
changes, or if con st r uct ion is otherwise slop p y. A more complete analys is of the genera l
Another point less frequently emphasized is feedback oscillator shows that it con sists of
that almost any oscillator is st a ble when it's four sepa r a t e and di stinct function s . These are
operating without a load. T he only way to ( 1) an am plifier, (2) a lim ite r to m a intain
check out a VFO a nd get accurate results is feedback va lue at the proper point, (3) a
to t est it in a ction, connected to the transmit- resonator to determine frequen cy, and (4) a
ter just as it w ill be when in use. Natural ly, load. In practice, some of these f unctions are
all s uch tests should be run into a du m my loa d , combined in a sing le circuit eleme n t. For in-
not into the antenna, to keep in good favor st a nce , in most VFOs the tube acts as both
with your fell ow..• hams and with the F CC. amplifier and limiter, and th e tank circuit may

4b 13 MAGAZINE
 SPECI A LISTS IN COM PACT ANTENNA S

UMITER 1--.1 LOAD

Fig. I
se r ve as both resonator a nd load.
A block diagram of t h is b reakdow n is s how n
in Fi g . 1. To examine it more closely, let's
{xc!tuivc!
st a r t \,vit h t he a m pli fier. MINIATURIZED
The amp lifie r is a ct ually t he h eart of t he 4-SAND ANTENNA
oscillator, for wi thout it, the circuit could not
6'10'15'20 METERS
functio n . However, it is just a conven t ion a l
• Ne w end lo a d in g p.inciple 10
amplifier circu it , r egardl ess of the overall maintain e fl.ctive 'adiatian.
No ce nle. loading e m pla y.d .
circuit complication s. Only t wo des ign choices • Elem'n' l.ngth, 11'.
are possible so far a s t he amplifi er is con- boom, 60 " .
• Tu.n ing .adiuf. 7'.
cerned ; it may be operated in Class A fur • Weight, 11 lbf . Light enough
maxim um frequ ency stabili ty due to m inimum -""'."'t" 10. TV Rota ••
• f eed line. RGSI A U or equiv.
ha r mo n ic ou tpu t , or it may be ope ra ted Class • SWR. leu thon I.S :1 .
C fo r s im plici t y of the ci rcu it . • Mod e l C-4 Mu lliba nd Madel 8-24 Amaleur_N et $S4.95
Caa xia l A n'..nna _
Most common VFO circu its use t he amp li-
fier i n Class C so that the limiter may be
6 .10-15.20 Me ton
Ne' $34, 9 5
W,ile '0. ",,,:I
lit" ro 'u . " I ~.
a ' yau. ,,_re,1 MIN I.PR O DUC rS
".."'.
cli" r ,b uta r .
combined wi th it (more abou t th is a little • Me>del M-4 Mo bile
4 _ba n d _ fill all
later) and accept t he loss in fr equency sta- m ou n l$. 5 ' 3 " h ig h
Nel $ 16. 9 5
bility.
Th e li mi ter's pu rpose is to keep the ampli-
fier 's input s ignal constant. If input sig na l 100 1 West 18th Str eet . Eri e, Penns y lvania
were not kept constant, the output would in-
Patents l'c n d illl{
cr ease with time unti l it reached in finity- O r d er d ir ect f r om f a ct or y o r y ou r favorite distribut or.
wh ich is obvious ly an impossible s it ua t ion . If
no lim ite r is provided a s such in a ci rcu it , th en
the physical properties of tubes them selves
will provide on e, because at some point you
discove r that th e t u be is putting out all it
ca n , and increa sed inp ut causes no ch a nge in
out put.
Most VFOs do it in just thi s way, too . The
" CU " 0
cu
cu
." .
m'
"._ A C,
" ,. A.C,
... A C.
""
" .
It ..

tu be is biased well below cutoff by a grid leak cu

cu
cu
..:,.
".
:roll"
... ".C .
II. D.C-
, • • A C.
""
,,"
,,"
r esistor, a nd acts a s a Cla ss C a m pli fier. La r ge cu ",-
,_ A C
n"
., ,,,, A • •. C _
pul ses of feedback drive the tube to sa t u r a- • EI' m i" a ' . expen.iv. cOO K;" l cobl• • Mo u n" anyw h.,., a u 'daa.. a, ;"daa" 0
tion, producin g larg e pul ses of plate curre nt, """""'OJ paw., connec'o' ,,,p plie d • 1P21 con" ",clion - ope,a... 0 "" 22 5 me .
• f ,,11 1000 w .... copabili'Y • b', ly low I"" "'on 10.. ~ I." .han 0.1
and it's u p to t he reson ator to smooth th ese db. • A....- v. 'IOld o nodi'ed 01" <0".,,,,,,,1_ • w... the,praof - OO. k. ,
.-I'ng • H'<;I h '1.... 1i1y n .....!d> • - - , bock , .... ro,,_.
pu lses in to sine waves. W , ... 10 ~r, wa.,,, fa< CO lOre..;. . Me!. OM I.,. a nd d .. .. ' bo.r..... inq,,;,i.. '"v,oe<!.
Addition of a limiter circuit and the accom-
panyin g sw it ch of the amplifier f r om Class C BAY.ROY ELECTRONICS, INC.
to Class A ca n improve stabil it y of the oscil- P. o, Bo x 7 5 0 3 C l e v e land 30, Oh io
lator, but it's not usually worth trying unt il
all other improvement method s have been ex -
hausted.
BUYS
T he most critical com ponent of the osc illato r TUBES
is the resonator, because it determines t he fr e-
quency. In a crystal oscillator, t he crystal
&
it self is t he r esonator. In microwave work, the EQUIPMENT
resonator is f requ e ntly a ca vity in th e tube
itself. Bu t in most ham VFOs , th e reso na tor
is composed of an L C circuit which resonates FAST Barry
a t th e desi r ed frequ ency.
T he ide al resonator would di scriminate
SELLS & FAIR Electronics
sha r p ly between cu rrents at its r esonant fre- 512 Broadway
que ncy and all other currents, passing one an d HAM New York 3
rej ecting the ot h e r . Such a resonator has not
been a nd probably never will be built, because GEAR SWAPS WA 5·7000
Send for Cata log

OCTO BER 1961 47

 a few wh ich aren't too widely known . If your
fa vorite isn't included, let us know - the
ch a nces are great that it's one of th e relative
TICKLER WIND ING unknowns which t he reat of us wou ld like to
I heal' about.
The progenitor of all vacuum-tube oscillator
--- circuits was that invented in 1914 by young
Edwin Howard Arm strong, which bears his
47K
na me. It 's listed here for historical interest
only ; later circuits achieve better performance
.01 with fewer parts.
I n the Armstrong circuit ( F ig . 2), the out-
- IK
put of the ampli fie r tube is inductively coupled
to t he grid tank by t he feedback winding. The
grid tank acts a s r esonator, and limiting is
achieved by sa t ur at ion of the amplifier. The
+ 150 DC
load is usually coupled to the resonator by a
separate winding , but m ay be placed in ser ies
Fig. 2 with the feedback winding if desired.
Since feedback is determ ined only by the
it's a physical impossibility at the current coupling between "tickler" and grid coils, this
sta te of the art. osci llator gives st rong output with a lmost any
Characteristics of the best available reso- tube regardless of gain. However , its stabili ty
nators include these: extremely high Q j suit- is not so great as later circuits because grid,
able impedance level for the cir cuits ; r esonant plate, and load circuits are all coupled closely
f l ~q d ency which is not affected by time, tem-
to the resonator. Its only widespread u se now
perature, or other uncontrollable variables j is as t he local osc illator in many in expen sive
and lack of undesired resonances. Be receivers, where dependability is the chief
Since everything connected to the resonator
desired characteristic.
becomes , in effect , part of the resonator also,
we must keep the r esonator a s isolated as
.- ..., Lp
possible from the rest of t he circuit. Thi s
means that cou pli ng between the resonator and 6AK5 G r
t he oth er components mu st be extremely light.
Little needs to be said about the load except ---M-~
--- 27 K
that it should be completely isolated fro m t he
resonator. For good frequ ency sta bili ty, it's
best to run the oscillator with extremely light 47K
.0 1
loading, sepa r a te it from the power ampli-
fiers with an isolating buffer amplifier, and
build up the power in later stages.
with the sale exception of the T r a nsit r on
cir cu it which we mentioned earlier, all the
VFO circuits described here operate in the
-
manner we've just described. I ndividual dif- Fig. 3
ferences in the detailed oper at ion of the vari- By joining the "tickler" and g r id coils into
ous cir cu its , though, make some better than one winding, then moving th e rf ground point
others for specific uses. f rom the cathode to the plate, Ha r tley devel-
For each circuit, we'll go into the detailed oped the osc illator ( F ig. 3) which bea rs h is
t heory of operation, identify t he elements name. The t ube continues to ser ve the dual
which perform the four basic functions, tag purpose of amplifier and limiter, and the grid
cr it ical components, and finally, we'll compare tank is st ill the resonator, but now the load
t he circuits on the basis of frequency stability, may be taken by electron coupl ing if we u se
efficiency, a nd power output a s well as pointing the scr een of a pentode a s t he plate of the
out any unique advantages or disadvantages. oscillator as shown in the schematic. This iso-
With the great variety of VFO circuits lates the load from the resonator to a much
available, it's difficult to classify them in any greater degree, thus improving freque ncy st a -
meaningful pattern. One way to do it is m ere- bility.
ly to take them in hi storical precedence-a nd The Ha r tley oscillator is widely used as the
that's what we did. One caution-frequently a local oscillator in communications receivers,
s ingle circuit is known by several names , and and for many years was the standard VFO
the name under which it's listed here ma y circuit fo r hams. More recent circuits h ave
not be the one you're most familiar with. How- tended to put it in t he shade for transmitter
eve r , we have attempted to include all VFO use, but with proper design a H a r tley can st ill
circu its available in the literature a s well a s hold its own. A little farther on we'll look at

48 13 M AGAZIN E
 at
•

Buy if
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Impedance Choke, line to Irid or plate.
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SAY! YOU SAW IT IN 73

 of just one; both tubes are u sed in a closed-
loop RC circuit. Limiting is achieved by sat-
uration of the amplifie rs, and the resonator is
6AK5 a conventional LC circuit cou pled loosely to
~
the circuit between the two sta ges.
'0 0
I n t he absence of the resonator, the circuit
wou ld opera te as a mu lt ivibrator, generati ng
47< squa re waves in the audio range. However,
Cg the resonator offers a low-impedance path to
grou nd for all signa ls exce pt those a t its reso-
C, nan t f r equency ; for those s ig nals, it is a h igh
,, II RFC impedance.
......
, 0'
"''-----1f=------'~r
;-
This mea ns that the ampli fier is loaded
down a t all fre quenc ies except t hat to wh ich
+ 150 the resonator is tuned, but has a high -impe-
dance load at that single fr equency. Therefore,
Fig. 4 oscillation is confined to t he frequency of the
so me upd a ted vers ion s of the older circuits. resonator.
The g rea test weakness of the Hartley eir- The secre t of the cir cuit 's ext r eme stabilit y
cu it is that the load cu rrent mu st flow through is that the resonator is almost completely iso-
a part of the resonator to return from the lated f r om everything else. It is coupled to t he
ca thode to ground . This int roduces some cou- a mpl ifier loop only by the small capacitors,
pling between load and resonator despite the which effectively keep all exter nal influences
electron cou pling , and al so degrades frequency away from the tank. The load is connected on
s tabilit y if harmonics are present (and they the other s ide of the loop for additional iso-
always are). lation.
Even if harmonics are at very low level, The advantage of the Franklin oscillator is,
the de flow through part of the tank coil causes of course, its stability. Its di sadvantage is ex-
local heating of the wire, with consequent tremely low output, measured in t enths of a
physical expansion, change of inductance, and volt and requiring amplification for any u se
at all, even in a receiver.
change of frequency during operation (de-
scr ibed a s shor t-t er m drift) . T he only way to
avoid thi s drawback with th e Ha r tley circuit
-----
is to move the ground to the cathode, which .0 01
then eliminates the possibility of efficient elec-
tron cou pli ng to the load. V'8
This difficulty is avoided in the Colpitts os- 2er t
2ft f

---
cillator (Fig. 4 ), a close relative of the Har t- V' A
II
27K " ,U-
• 1 ~0
ley circuit. In the Colpitts, feedback is ach ieved
27K
"foUT
by current flow through a part of the reso-
nator ca pacit a nce ( Cp). Electrically, there is
no difference in t he circuits, since the "tapped"
'-" rz: Ifc~ L 'M
ca pa citor made up of Cp and Cg in ser ies is •
equ iva lent to the tapped coil of the Hartley.
Mechan ically, though, the difference is great, -=
since de flow t hrough a ny part of the reso- +" o
nator is eli mina ted.
In its basic form a s shown in Fig. 4, the F;g. 5 VI-12AT7
Colpitts is hardly used any more exce pt at Offering even h igher sta bili ty at low fre-
UHF. In fact, one authority (Pullen) has con- quencies is the l\leacha m bridge oscillator,
cluded that it's impossible to design a good shown in Fig. 6. This circuit, developed at the
Colpitts oscillator for use below 10 me. How- National Bu r ea u of Standards a nd u sed al so
ever, modified versions are now fi nding wide by Bell Telephone Labs and the B ritish Gov-
acceptance, and we'll com e back to it later. ernment Post Office for frequen cy standards
Consider a bly different from these oscillators (but with a cr-ystal instead of an adjustable
is the next circuit, the Franklin (F ig. 5 ). De- tank), ca n ach ieve stability on the order of
veloped many years ago but a lmost neglected one part in 109. That's one cycle variation at
until r ecently, the Franklin oscill ator has been 1,000 me! As a VFO , naturally, stabilit y won't
claimed by some to be equal to many quartz be that good, but by vir tue of its special f ea -
crystal circuits in frequency s tabil it y. tu res of operation it will g ive much h igher
Despite its unusual appearance, the Frank- stability than any other circu it with the same
lin operates in the same general manner a s reso nator.
all other feedback oscillators. T he a mplifie r The Meacham b r idge, like t he Franklin, is
of the Fra nklin is a two-stage affair instead a two-stage circuit. Both sta ges together make

50 73 MAGAZI NE
 •

•• ~6BK7
L6 NEW
•• EOUT~T FEATURE·PACKED
---
LI L2
TRANSMITTER
'00 L5 1
,
•
- RFe
. 8 15
• + 150
REG

CT·120
Figu re 6. Meacham Bridge VFO , Experim ental
C irc uit Di agram . comb ines real operat ing co nvenience
C I - 35 mmf d ouble"'!!pllced v a r ia ble
C' -IOO mmf ai r t rimmer and depend abili ty wit h the hi gh pe r-
1.1 - 17.5 m ichrhenry Q = 200 ( Miller 43A1 55CnI or f orm an c e u suall y associa te d w i t h
equivalent)
1.2- 5 t urn s ,#20 bifil a r-wo u n d with 1.03 'm ore costly equ ipment.
L3 - 335 tu rn s ,#24 on s m a ll tortod form
U - ZGO t u r-ns #24 on s m a ll toriod form
L5- 10 tu rns .;:;20 hifilar wound at B + end of 1.4
L 6- 30 tu rn s ,:t24 bUlIsr wound at plate end o f U
NOTF..-H circuit r e f uses to oscillate r e verse eonnee-
tione to 1.5. Effecth"(' Q o f c i rc uit s ho uld be creater Ex pressly designed for the amateur who wants
t ha n 15,000. a complete general -purpose transmitter in a
Up the amplifier, and the resonato r is located si ngle, easy-to-operate package, the CT·120
in th e feedback loop. However , unlike all the provides all the most important features at
other circuits we've examined, t he Meacham
a truly economical price.
u ses a sepa r a t e li mit er . T his allows t he ampli-
fier to operate in Class A , providing excep-
tiona I st a bility a nd pu rit y of t he frequency in fEATURES
• Com pletely self-contained. including VFO and pow-
itself. er supply (US vee)
The special f eature of the Meacham circu it,
• Single-knob ba nd-switching on 10·15-20·40-80 me-
t hough , is the manner in wh ich t he resona tor ter bands
is connec ted. As you can see f rom t he sche- • Plate power input: 120 watts CW; 80 watts Phone
matic, feedback is ach ieved through a b r idge (AM)
circuit. The resonator is located in one leg of • Time-proven reliable 807's parallel final amplifier
this bridge. Wh en the bridge is balanced, no • Hililh·efficiency screen modulation
feedback can get through and the ci rcuit ca n- • Oscillator cathode keying with clamp-lube key-up
not operate. 'Vhen the bridge is slightly u n- protection
balanced, a small amount of feedback gets • Temperature-compensated VFO accura tely caubra -
through. ted on all five bands. VFO/ th ree-cryslal selector
The circuit is designed to ope ra te almost at switch
bala nce. T h e lamp, also con nected in t he • Pi-network output matches 30- to 600 ohm loads
bri dge, is t he limit er. Its r esi stance varies with • Built with high-quality. conservatively- ra ted com .
the voltag e a cr oss it, a nd by proper choice of pcnents
the val ues in t he r esi stance legs of t he bridge • Functi onal panel layout provi des maximum oper-
ating convenience
t he circuit ca n be made to balance in the most
• Cabinet Dimensions: 151,.4" W x 8" H x 9%" D.
sensit ive portion of the lamp's va ri able-r esist-
ance range. ORDER DIRECT fROM fACTORY:
Si nce t h r ee legs of the bri dge are pure re-
sista nces , the bridge can be balanced only if Amateur net price: $189.00 f. o. b. Sa nta
the resonator acts a s a pure resi sta nce al so. Clara, Calif., completely wi red and tested.
This con dit ion is achieved only at series or with tubes, less crystals, key, microphone.
parallel resonance. Since values of t he other Shipping wei ght: 40 Ibs. Com plete descrip-
th ree legs are all low, t he bridge will balance tive literature ava ilable on requ est.
only at series resonance.
However, we said ea r lie r t ha t , at balance,
no fee dback gets through a nd t he circuit stops CRAFTRONICS
wor king. H ere's where the inter pla y between 920 Shulman Ave. .. Santa Clara, California
the lim iter a nd the r esonat or starts to work.
If the circuit stops, t here is no ou t put. With

51
OCTOBER 1961
no output, no voltage is applied to the lamp. Th e next ci rcui t we'll exami ne is t he T ra nai-
With no voltag-e, resi stance drops from the t ro n, so named because it makes u se of the
balance value and the bridge is u nba la nced. tran sit time of electrons between screen an d
With the bridge unbalanced, feedback is r e- supp ressor g ri ds in a pen tode tube to provide
established an .l oscillation resum es. It builds an effect ive negat ive resista nce. Th e circuit is
up until the bridge is balanced. With the s hown in Fig. 7.
bridge balanced . . . and off we go again. In most pentode t ubes, if t he scree n is op-
That's the picture theoretically. In practice, erat ed at a volta ge higher t ha n the plate
the thermal t ime con stant of the lamp filament voltage you'll find a region where Ohm's Law
is long enough that operation settl es down seems to work in reverse. That is, a s plate
within a couple of rf cycles to the j ust-off- voltage goes u p pl ate current comes down.
balance point at which the circuit is des igned Mathematicall y, thi s is the same thing a s a
to operate. negative resi stance.
This is all very well, but what does it have The rea son for the strange beh avior is sim-
to do with stabilit y? Let's look at the bridge ple. In th e region below t he knee of t he char-
again. If frequency tend s to sh ift slightly from acteristic curve, screen current increases with
the ser ies-resonan t point, the resonator is no an increase of ei the r pla te volta ge 01' screen
longer a pure resistance. \Vith reactance pres- voltage. With fixed g rid bias , t he total cu rren t
ent, the bridge is unbalanced. More feedback leaving the cathode is also fixed . Thus, wh en
gets through, and oscillator output increases. an increase in plate voltage causes an increase
This output is shifted in phase by the pass in screen cu r rent, t he only pla ce fr om whi ch
through the resonator, and the phase sh ift is the extra screen current can come is by a
in s uch a direction a s to t end to drive the diversion of elect r ons wh ich would otherwise
frequency instantaneousl y back toward s the have gone to t he plate.
resonance point. This continues until the out- " 'e sa id that mathematically this is the
put is back at the resonant frequency and the sa me thing as a negative resi stance. Strange-
bridge is back almost in balance. ly, mathematics holds pretty t r ue in most
You can see that th e brid ge connection of t he a reas of elect ron ics, a nd this is no exception.
r esonator acts to multiply its phase-shifting Jumping away from the main su bject for a
abilities, which is the same th ing as sa ying to moment, you'll recall that t he only thin g that
multiply its Q. Th e numerical amount of this keeps an LC tank circu it f r om osc illating in-
Q-multiplication is equa l to the reciprocal of definitely is th e internal resi stance of the cir-
the operating unbalance figure; with the cir- cuit itself, which even tu ally da mps ou t t he
cuit shown, it's about 200. This will increase oscillation by dissi pa t ing t he energy.
the normal Q-of-100 value found in a well- Now, f rom a mathematical point of view,
con structed VFO tank cir cuit to 20,000 - a th e internal resista nce of the tank ca n be
figure compa r a ble to that of a cr ystal ! elimina ted by adding a suitable a mou nt of neg-
ative resistance to make th e total resi stance
zero.
Physically, we do t h is in t he transi t ron os-
6AS6 cillator by connectin g the coil between screen
4T
grid and plate. This couples the negative re-
sista nce of the plate circ uit into t he tank, and
200< ' -f _ osc illation r esul ts .
--- ........- t - - - - - , The T'ranaitron and other two-terminal os-
+---t--- cillators have seve ra l di stinct advantanges
ove r f eedback circui t s : Since t he resonators
.001 require no feedback provision s, changing reso-
2200
nators becomes an easy job. Bandswitching is
2TK 2TK
conven ient in a VFO, and as a bench test os-
cillator only two lea ds are necessary. In addi-
- :r:,ool
"= + 150
tion, these circ uits will operate from the audio
range up to several hund red mega cycles with -
out change, making t hem es peciall y versatile
Fig. 7 as bench test units.
The Mea cham circuit is best suited to u se Authorit ies differ concer n ing the compara-
at frequ encies below 500 kc, because st r a y tive st a bilit y of t he T ransitron osc illat or. Some
feedback becomes a problem at h igher fr e- claim it has frequ ency st a bilit y classed with
quencies and the entire operation of the circuit the best f eedback circu its, while ot hers de-
depends upon critical balance of the bridge, nounce it as unstable and unr eliable. It ap-
which ca n be upset by st r a y feedback. How- peal'S that the circuit's operation is dependent
ever, no tests have been run to determine the on many f actors, not all of which a re a s fully
upper frequen cy limit; the circuit shown in understood a s they might be, a nd all of wh ich
Fig. 6 is theoretical and untested but should influence sta bili ty.
work properly with parts valu es a s shown. Another popular two-terminal circu it has

52 73 MAGAZINE
 •

rom
•

Hoile d b y Hf me n 0$ CI mcjer bre ok thr ough in antenna design a nd perfor monce , th e fam ous K6CT p o la r ize d
diversity bea m, b osed o n t he proven principles o f t he Yogi porositic orroy and Brown turn stile entennoa,
a nd u sin g t he ru g ge d pl umbe rs d elight construction .
Mini mizes Q5B due t o p o lar izatio n shift, increases f orw ard gain 50%. f IB ratio by 70% and s id e rejection
10 (I le vel heretofore con sid ere d im p o uible.

Afte r one yeo r of rigoro us le sh unde r a ll co ndit io "" p rovi ng the vo lid ity of d esign concep t, ih supe rior
perfo rmo nce Is now well kno w n t o t he OX f raternity on 10 meters.
Space . Raider is pleased t o announce the fi rst o f (I new fo mil y o f be o rn o nte nnos, w hich wa s the OX cotl'e st
win ne r in W 6 la nd in O ctober of 1960 a nd also is consis ten t ly re ported a s th e first in and lost out and man y
times th e only U.S.A. signal readable. f or comments a t the o ther e nd; a sk about th is antenna of VK6QL (78
OSO's), ZL2UO (44 QSO's), LUlDA8 (15 QSO 's) and KA2EB.
The new Spa ce -Ra id er Pol arize d Diversity Beams a re oil -alum inum co nst ructi on o f ecorse, including all
e le me nts, boom, suppo rt most, ha rd wa re and matching se ction.
Boom and mad material used in Space - Ra ide r beams is of 6063 ·T-6 alloy which together wi th the e lements
ca rr ies th e A ratin g in the standa rd sca le o f corro sion re sistance t he re b y insuring maximum re s ista nce to
corrosio n. Al umin um hard w ore is o f h igh st re ng t h Air cr aft Alloy. Bolts and n uts are steel 5/16 Standard hex
ond a re especially plated to re sid co rros io n.
NO COMPRO MI SE ha s been made wi th q ualit y and rug g edne ss in pro ducing these fine light weig ht he a vy.
du ty an tennas.

6 METER BAND
Model Spe cificotions Amo te u r Ne t Weight
8 -6 -12 K6C T Polori zed Diversity Beom , 12 e lement. I lf. " 0 .0. Cente r Sectio ns; I " 0 .0 .
ad jus tob le e nd sections. Boom : 2" 0 .0. 18' lo ng. Forward G.::lin 17 D.B. fr ont/Bo ck
ra tio 50 0 .8. . $91. 50 29 1bs.

10 METER BAND
B·1C-6 K6CT Po la rized Di versit y Beam, 6 element. 1% " 0.0. Cenl er Sections ; 1" 0 .0. &
3/4 " 0 .0. a dj ustable e nd se ctions. Boom : 2" 0.0. 15 ' lo ng . . 125 . 19 Spocing
f orward 90in 12 D.B. front/Bo ck rotio; 44 D.B. . .... .. . . . . • . . . . . • . . • .. . . . . . . . . . • . $7 0.00 32 Ibs.

15 METER BAND
B-15-6 K6C T Po larized Diversit y Be a m, 6 element. llf. " 0 .0. Center Sections; 1" 0 .0. &
3,4 " 0 .0 . adjusto b le end se ctio ns. Boo m: 2" 0 .0. 15' lo ng . . 125 .19 Spacing _
f o rwa rd goin 12 D.B. Fro nt/Bock ratio; 44 D.B•..... _••... . .......... ............ $90.00 38 Ib s.

20 METER BAND
8-20 -6 K6CT Pola rize d Dive n ity 8eom, 6 eleme nt. l lf. " 0 .0. Ce nter Sections; 1" 0 .0. &
:JA" 0 .0. ad justo b le end sectio ns. Boom : 2" 0 .0. 24' long. . 125 . 19 Spacing.
Fo rward goin 12 0 .8 . Fro nt / Bo ck ratio; 44 D.B _ $11 4.50 441 bs.

PREPAID SHIPMENT U.S.A. -DIRECT INQUIRIES TO

1076 E. WALNUT ST., PASADENA, CALIFORNIA

OCTO BER 1951 53

 been published in at least three different ver- stability than any other design, while ot he rs
s ions. They're show n a s circuits A, B, and C of equal em inence have "disproved" thi s a s-
in Fig. 8. While this circuit is definitely a two. sertion.
terminal affair and so might be classed as a Actually, the Clapp circuit does provide
negative-resistance oscillator, it can also be greater sta bilit y with res pect to tube varia-
analyzed a s a feedba ck circuit. Feedback is tion s than any other circuit, if we con fi ne our
obta ined through CI , and is effective at all analysis to designs u sing practical component
fr equencies. H owever, the cir cuit provides values. However, recent developments in tubes
gain only at the parallel-resonant frequency of ha ve brought other circuits to almost-equal
the tank circuit or resonator, and thus can sta bility at less expenditure of time in con-
oscillate only at this one frequ ency. struction.
The advantages and disadvantages of thi s The Clapp oscillator, shown in Fig. 9, differs
c ircuit are practically the same a s those of from most other circu its in that its r esonator
t he Transitron. However, the twin-triode os- is se r ies- rather than parallel-tuned. U se of
cillator has f ewer parts which might prove se r ies tuning enables high values of parallel
cri tical. capacita nce to be employed whil e st ill retain.
Getti ng back to th e more-conventional oscil- ing wide tun ing r a nge. H owever , it also makes
lator circuits, we 'r e j us t now getting to th e mandatory the use of a large, extra-high-Q
one which for the past 12 years has been al- coil, which in turn rai ses problems of mechani-
most the sta n da r d circuit for ham-use VFOs cal stabilit y .
-so much so that many newcomers may not
be aware that any other circuit exists. T his is
the Clapp oscillator, fi r st an nou nced in 1948.
Some authorities have "proved" that the /1:,5763
Cla pp circuit ha s inherently greater frequen cy
i1IH---
---rt~
,---,---\--- 47 .
47'
c, + 250V
'00.....1_-1... 12AU7
10 0 0
+--4--- --- 2 ,SMH .0 0 1
l

470
10 0 0
.0' Fiq. 9
_ (A)
- It
1\
.0 1
+150 Actual operation of the Clapp circuit is
similar to the Colpitts, and the only electrical
differences are the method of tuning and the
12. large-value parall el capacitors .
; ~1 .01
12AU7
c~ l~ The freq uency st a bilit y is directly due to
the la r g e-va lu ed parallel capacitors, which
.~ c '2' effectively swamp any changes of tube charac-
-,::,- -.:.,- teri stics. This sta hil it y incidentally, is only

... + 150 with respect to tube variations. Mechanical

flaws of fe edback to th e VFO circuit from
later stages can st ill play hob with your
'000 OUT
20. sig na l. In practice, t he tank circuit of a Clapp
osc illator is usually placed in a com pletel y
-_ - (B) sh ielded compartment and tied down solidly
- lOOK
~_ Cf',.",00,,3'-~t----<!'""";;;.:....j~T to prevent any motion of t he coil or ot her
components.
.01
The attention given the Clapp circu it has
10. L...:tJ,!.-f-!::-j:S
+150 IOOK
--- ---J....., 12AU7
a lso been focused on its ancestor, t he Colp it ts,
w ith the resu lt that a nu mber of Colpitts
oscill ators produci ng- equivalent preforrnance
have been described.
C 1M One of the earli est was the Vackar (1955 ).
shown in Fig. 10. The Vackar oscillator sh ows
"
its aimilu t- it y to th e Clapp in the hi gh va luc
- of parall el capacitors and th e isolation from
the tank to the grid ach ieved by cnpucltafi ve
voltage-divider a ction . Howeve r, t he feed -
Fig . 8 back is taken from plate to grid r a t her than

54 73 MAGAZINE
 f rom th e cathode, the resonator is parallel.
rather than ser ies-t u ned, and both the cathode
a nd one side of the tu ning capacitor are CITIZEN BAND
All 22 freq ue ncies in Stock
g rou nded.
The only circu it in print which employs the
Vackar oscillator shows a drift figure of only
nus
' ...
'-==::;~ :Jrd
CLASS " D" CRYSTALS
3 % cycles per minute under best conditions.
Under these con dit ions, a SSB s ig na l wouldn 't •'m
'Ir
....ert«le. . 005'" tol .an.. \0 III Mt all
F C 0 r.qu lrementa.
H C6ro b.ld.n. ".....
I pad U-. 050 plru. (. 01S
u l nlbl •• a dd 15t ~r errltal) •
I $2 95
B '1"lutleal1, l eal.d

drift far enough to sou nd unnatural in 15 EACH

minutes. Thl 'ollowln, CI... "0" eltl,.. Band '"'u....I.. I_ .ttek
Another version wa s described by Robert J. (ffeq uenel", IIIt.d In m,gatyeles): 28.915. 21.975. %1.015.
27.005. 2:7.015. 27.025. 27.035. 2:7.055. 2:1.065. 17.071.
Hopes in ea r ly 1957. H e called it the "Class 27.085.
27.175.
27.105.
27.115.
27.115.
27.205.
27.125.
27.215 .
27.IS5. 17.1".
27.225 .
17.115.
A Colpitts." This des ign (Fig. 11) doesn't ),htched u nta l setl for III en unl tl• . . • $5.90 Pel' let.
use quite so much capacity to isolate the tube, f'l pecl fy equi pment make Ind model numbe rs.
but makes interesting use of high-value ca th -
ode resi stors to maintain grid bias high RADIO CONTROL CRYSTALS IN HC6/U HO LDERS
Spfil f,. fr "'luene,. . %" pin I pacl nl: •. • pi n dlaml'teT . U
enough to prevent any grid curre nt flow. No (.093 pin d lamet.r . add 15') ..•• •• ••• • ••• .. • • . . •. '2.95.a.
provision for limiting is made in the circuit; FUNDAMENT AL FREQ . SEALE D CRYSTALS
In H Cll! bolden
it appears to be automatic a s a result of the Frolll 1400 KC to 2000 KC .005% T olm-nce .. .• .. $4 .95 ea.
high cathode bias. Jo'rom 2000 KC to 10.(100 KC an1 rreQuenq
.005'" T olerance .•... •••• •••• •••••• •• • ••. • .•.. $3.50 ...
Ropes cla im s th at the ci rcu it wo uld hover SEALED OVERTON E CRYSTALS
"within a f ew cycles per second " of \V\VV for S upp li ed In mell l II C6! U holden
P in IP. eIPI: .f811. diameter . 050
"hours at a time," but does not mention 15 to 30 l lC .005 Toler.net .. • • .• .• .. • • • . • .• .• ••. 153.115 .
30 to U l lC . 005 T oIen nce.... .••. . . . .• . •.••••• . '4.10 ....
wheth er t his test wa s made under load. Ap- 45 to 60 arc .005 Tolerance ..•. • . •• .• . . •.• • . . .• • • $4.50 '1.
parently thi s circu it has not been employed
in an)' ham transmitter design which has QUARTZ CRYSTALS
been published; however, it appea r s attrac- FOR EVERY SERVICE
tive a s a simple and reliable oscillator. All cl"J'lt aIa made trom Orlde " A"
The most persuasive argument for abandon - Imponed Qu ar l.--I"rou nd and etc hed to
n act t r e q U. 1l e I I I . Upf'OIIdlU onal b
ment of the Cla p p circuit and a r et urn to I" ul ran te«l l Suppli ed Ill :
th e Hlgh-C Col pitts design wa s made by , V. B. F T ·243 holden MC·7 hold.n
Bernard, ex-' V4 E LZ, in late 1957 . He pointed I' ln IPacl nl: ~ " I' ln Ipacl nl: " ..
P ill dla lu t er . 1193 P in d iam . ler . 115
ou t the disadvantages of t he ser ies-tu ned cir - CltlA!AR h olden FT·17Ih.ld."
cuit an d the advantag es of a simila r paralIel- l'ln apaclnl: %: " I' ln , pael n l" " ..
ptn diameter . 125 B anan l plnl
tu ned arrangement.

.----...-l(-00UT
112AT7 250

100
TO
---
125 lOOK

- 1000
2 .:5mh

ASK YOUR PARTS DEAl.ER fOR TEXAS CRYSTALS

See bl l" red dllplu . . . It he doeln't Itoeil:: tiltom. letld UI
1'111 nam e an<l OMf'r d l~ t from our Florida faelof"J'.
Fig. 10
N OW I En l:lnH rl ne II mpl ei an d IlIIl n QuantlU ea for proto·
Bernard's version of the Hig h-C Col pi tts typel now mad• •Ith er at Ch len,o or Ft. A!1en I'l a nt. 24
II our Stor, lee I
ut ili zed a g rou nded-ca t hode osc illa tor tube I N C HICAGO. PHONE GLad llotle 3 · 3555
with sepa r a te buffer ampli fie r. He a lso list ed RUSH YO UR O RDER TO OUR NEW PLANT
a ser ies of des ign equa tions for calculating U.. coup.n b.I,. fM' lit CIII' 'hlpm ant.
your own High- C Colpitts to fit your individ- TEXAS CRYSTALS
ual needs (see bibliog raphy ) . The ci rcu it Dept. G -IOI ,I OOO CRYSTAL DRIVE. fORT MYERS,
F ar .dr. r..t ,.-vie• • Phon. WE 1 ·2101
shown in Fig . 12 is based on hi s design p ro-
r-edure but ha s been modified from hi s original I AnACH THIS COUPO N TO YO UR O RDER fO R SHI PME",T r
ci rc uit to tak e advantage of more r ecent tubes I VI A 1ST CLASS MAIL AT NO EXTRA COST r
I TERMS : All items subied to pr ior sole and cha nge of :
wh ich have hi gh g rn a nd allow p ropor-ti onu tvl y I price wi thou t notice . All crys to l o rde rs mu d b. ccce m- r
increa sed st ab ili ty. : ponied by check, cash o r M.O. wi th PAYMENT IN fUll. I

._------
I Dept. G · 10 1. I
Before leaving the Colpitts circuit and it s
-----------_.
OCTO BER 1961 55
variations, mention must be made of General
Electric's "Lighthouse Larry," who helped
p ioneer the rebirth of th e High-C Colpitts by
using it a s th e VFO in his popular 150-watt ...-.+150
single-ba nd contest transmitter. Since the GE
circuit is simila r to the th ree discussed here,
we haven't sho wn it sepa r a tely.
---
\Ve sai d earlier that mechan ical st abilit y is 470
a more important characteristic of a VFO .........H(..;
than any of the elect r on ic parameter s of the
1000
individua l circuit. The on ly way to achi eve
this mechanical stabili t y is through careful
at t ent ion to the g-eomet r y of not only t he
2. 5 mh
elect ron ic components in t he circu it, but t he '- ........f lllP-•• '50
mechanical items su ch as the chassis, cabinet,
a nd ca paci to r -d ri ving mechanism a s well. Fig. 12
Man y a good VFO circu it has been built on
a st an da rd a luminum chassis, and the builder enemies of VFO sta bility. The perforated
has been left wondering why he can't elimi- Reynolds do-it-yourself aluminum st ock pro-
nate that last trace of frequency wobble. H ad vides a perfect answer to the h eat problem.
he ta ken a tip from t he people who build hi-f Simply make the shielding from thi s per-
loudspeaker enclosures, an d u sed hea vy ma te- forated stock, an d your ventilation problem s
rial fo r t he sup por t ing st r uctu re , he probably are over. Cooling fans are 1W t r ecommended;
would have discovered h e had a rock-stable their vibration, however small, will put a
oscillator! wobble on your signal.
Heat ca n be avoided in an electr ical way,
too. A vacuum tube prod uces heat in two
OU, ...- - - - ways. Fi r st, of cou rse, is t he heater, and
you can't do too much about that. One an-
6J6 +150
swer is to go to sma ll battery tubes such a s
..-+, the I R5 tr iode-connected or the 3S4, and this
app roach ha s been used wit h excellent results
by \V2ZG U. The second way in which hea t
is produced is by plate di ssipation. Less than
I• . half the power fed to an oscillator tube shows
up in the output; t he rest is converted to heat
10K and radiated from the plate. Since littl e
power is needed from the VFO, you don't
have to feed mu ch to the tube. Cu tting t ube
input down to ha lf will r educe the out put by
hal f, but it will al so reduce the heat by half
Fig . II at the same t ime. The output ca n be restored
A good VFO chassis can be obta ined by in la ter sta ges. The frequ ency st a bilit y can't.
using a chu nk of %-inch thick aluminum The circuits shown here wiII work at plate
ca rved from a stan dard r elay-rack panel, voltages as low a s 30 volts- try them and see.
bending it over only at the front edge to at- One of the biggest mechanical bu gaboos in
tach to th e cabinet, and mounti ng all com- const r uction of a h igh -accuracy VFO is in the
ponents firmly in place (u sing t ie poin ts an d tu ning mechanism. Uaing t he conventional
sta ndoff insulators liberally ). An even better fi xed-coil-variable-capacitor combination, you
chassis ca n be put together with medium-hard have to layout much cash to get good a c-
1/16-inch stock bent at the front and the two curacy (such a s the $30 National HRO-t)'pe
sides, and bolted (not solder ed or welded-heat u nit or the $80 Cardwell precision capacitor ).
introduces st r esses ) at the front joints to However , you can swipe a trick from t he Col-
achieve a sor t of triangular bracing of the li ns people and build a permeability-tuned cir-
st r uctu re. cuit with accuracy compa r a ble to the best, for
In ei ther event , the cabinet sho uld be only almost peanuts. One such circu it is described
for decorative and du st-catching purposes. An by W5HZB (see references) and others a r e
in ner shi eld (firmly attached to the solid al so in print.
chassi s) should isolate the circuitry from any T he difference, of cou rse, is t hat the perrne-
elect rosta t ic coupling to the cabinet. Dial drive ubllity- tuned circuit uses a va riable-ind uctance
mechanisms should be precise in their action, coil rather than a va riable ca pac itor. By
a nd should floa t so far as the ca binet is con- proper choice of coil windin g pitch, the cal i-
ce r ned , being mo unted firmly tc the ch ass is ln-ation can be made comp letely linear over
only. nny desired ra nge, 0 1' c a ll be s pr ea d in plan's
Inc identally, heat is one uf the biggest anti compressed elsewhere as desired. Since

S6 13 MAGAZINE
 WE HAVE IT! WE FINANCE IT!
GOOD
BETTER
THE
LEO MEYERSON
W0GFQ
BEST
WVG VERTICAL
The model
A NEW WRL COMET KIT! Available Now!
The New WRL Economy Vertica l is your best buy - Anywhere !
Designed for continuous cove rage of 3.5 through 30 Me. it covers
all amateur bands, MARS, etc.
TRADES! The WYG Vert ical handles a full KW. AM-CW-SSB. A specia lly
made, heavy duty match ing coil allows proper match to be obtained
to either 52~ 75 Ohm coax cable.
TERMS! It mounts anywhere! The vertica l is supplied with a .speclal ly made.
heavy duty Cycclec base and mounting clamp of heavy gauge stee l.
The easiest method is to sim ply drive a sho rt length of 1 V2" 0.0.
pipe into the ground a nd damp on the vertical, however, the antenna
SAVIN(iS! can also be mounted on the side of a building , on a w indow sill, on
the roof, etc.
The WVG ve rtica l does not use traps but a t ime proven base match-
NEW ing coil w h ich will allow good match to various mounting positions
EQUIPMENT! that a trap type antenna can not match. Neither are radials required.
We su ggest that you simp ly use one heavy ground w ire which will
be adequate to obta in low SWR with the proper point on the match-
RECONDITIONED ing coil determined .
EQUIPMENT! Made of the hig hest grade a luminum, the WVG is rust-p roof, since
a ll hardw are is double p lated, both wit h ga lva nizi ng and Irldite p lating
to mili tarY specifications. Just 4" of space is needed to mou nt t he
WVG, since it is fully self-support ing without any guy wires what-
LARGE STOCK! so- ever.
Performance to sat isfy the Old Timer w ith a KW. yet priced to fit
the pocketbook of the young Novice .
ALL HAM NEEDS! Shipp ing weight 1 1 lbs. Shipped ex press on ly.
Order Stock No. 69-710-053.
* All b,nd•• 3.5 Me. - 30 Me. HAMS-MARS!
LOWER PRICES! * Fully self-supporting ! JUST
*
*
Handles a KW. all modes !
Mounts anywhere!
SAVE 50 % 514
95
BETTER SERVICE! * Matches 52-75 Ohms!
* Rustproof! SOc Service Charge on Purchases Under $5.00
r,::==SSUUYY'WWRRLLIUJssiiEDilCciEEAARR::::::::;l
1 - - _ .- - .,
WITH CONFIDENCE
10 DAY TR IAL AFTER PURCHASE.
w. gua r a ntee you must be . .ti,f;'"
with performance or you may return
rt WRITE FOR LATEST RECONDITIONED EQPT. LI ST !
WORLD RADIO LABORATORIES I
the equipment within 10 days fo r 34 15 WE ST BROAD WAY • PHO NE 321-115 1 7-10
refu nd. I COUNC IL BLUffS, IOWA
90 DAY PARTS WARRANTY. We .
guara ntee your Investment 90 days Dear Leo: Rush me the WRL Vertical. Enclosed is my check
by our " Sa m e as New" 90 day war- for 0 $14.95. 0 Please send you r latest recond. eqpt. li st .
ra nty on all pa rts.
BON US FEATURE! Jo'ull 90 day
retu rn cr ed it : WRL oCfen a 90 day
return privilege whereby you . can
t r ade back equ ipm ent f or full credit
(subject to equipment not being
damaged) on any of our NEW ecutn-
... ~t'nt of high t'r value. All transae-_
t ions F.O.B. WRL.
-----
OCTOBER 1961 57
-

coil slugs normally move only about 1/ 32-inch March, 1948.

Clapp. J . K.• "Frequency S table L C Oscilla tors," P ro-
per revolution of the shaft, the tun ing rate cft'd ings of the I R E, Au~st. 1954.
can be as slow as you like. Edson. W illiam A .• Vscu u m T ube Oscillators. J ohn Wiley
All the way through this article, we've been & Sons. Inc.• N e w Yo r k, 1953. p ages 131. 142-50. 165,
consider ing t he VF O strictly as a transmitter 11:;7, 169. lind 176.
Gallagher. Jack. W5HZB, "S lug-tu n ed VFO H as Stable
component. Naturally, it is also used in re- Outpu t." Radio_Electronics. J une. 1958. page 38.
ceivers-but there it's called the local oscil- Klein. E. L .• W 4UHN. "M ulti-ba nd VFO." CQ. May.
lator. If you're looking for increased stability 1957. page 34.
Lede re r, P aul S .. " Uni ver s al 2-te rminal Oscillator."
in your receiver, or considering homebrewing Rad io-Electronics. March. 1960. page 63.
a complete hearing aid, these circuits can gi ve Leonard. Bob, "A Two Terminal T es t Oscillator," R adio
you the sa me stabilit y in reception that you and TV Newe, April, 1957. page at.
seek in the transmitter. Orr, Will iam I., W 6SAI (editor) . The Radio Handbook.
15th edition. Editors & E ngineers Limited. Summer-
land. Calif., 1959, page 243.
R E F ERE N CES Pullen, K. A. Jr., Con d ucta nce De-sign of Ac ti ve- Ci rcuits,
Baldwin. R ichard L ., 'VlIKE, " A Variable Frequency J ohn F . Rider, N ew York, 1959, page 217.
Oscillator:' QST. N ovembe r, 1958, p a g e 29. Radio Amatf' ur's Handbook. Thf'. 35th edition, American
Berna rd , W . B., W 4ELZ, " Let' s Inc rease VFO Stability," Ra dio Rela y League, W est H a rtfo rd. Co n n .• 1958, pages
QST. October, 1957, p a ge 40. 149-152.
Campbell , J ohn W. J r ., W 2ZGU . " Stab ilit y in the VFO," Ropes , Robert J .• "A High-Stability Oscilla tor," Radio
co. July, 1956, page 65. and TV News. June. 1957, page 142.
Clapp, J . K., "An Inductance Capacitance Oscillator of Stoner. Donald L ., W6TNS. New Sideband H and book,
Un us ual Prequency Stabi lity," Prou t'dings of the IRE . Cowa n. N ew Yo rk . 1958, pages 203-206 .

Obtaining that License

for your DX-Pedition Gus Browning W4BPD
144 Broughton S.W.
Orangebu rg . South Cerclln e

H AV I NG recently return ed from a success- I want to meet a s man y of your wonderful

ful DX-Pedition, I have been asked a num- people as I can while I am her e. I am certain
ber of times, "Gus, how did you get permission that those I have met are the finest people in
to oper ate from all those places?" Each place the world and I want t o cong r a tulate you on
I visi ted r equired a slightly different approach, having such fine people and such a fine coun-
and I can give only a gen eral view of t he pro- try. People here are just like my friends back
cedure. home. They have made me feel really welcome
The fir st and probably the most important here. I h ope some day to have some of them
ste p is r ealizing that you are no better than come to Ameri ca so th at I can have a chance
anyone else. Make it a point to have people to r eturn their hospitality. Maybe you can
think of you as a f riend when you leave them. someday come to America too, I would like
Keep a big smile on your face, be a good hand to show you around and let you meet my
sha ker and back sla pper , friends. 'Ve see m to have so much in common
And orra wa s the only coun t ry that refused I am sure you would fee l right at h ome. I want
to g ive me a permit and I f eel if I had more to give you my home address so you can look
time I could have gotten a permit there. Rule me up when you come over. Be sure to drop
two is "Try to have plenty of time when you me a letter now and then to let me know how
reach the rare spots so you will have time to you and your family are getti ng along. This is
work on th e proper official." I did n ot attempt just a social v isit Mr Before I leave
to obta in permission to work from the more let me or der a cup of coffee fo r us to drink.
well known spots in Europe, as I had no desire (By thi s time we usually have ordered coffee
to operate from them. and are drinking It.} When I leave he has
The usual procedure in secu r in g my permits asked me to return and visit him again and
went like this: when I arrived in my prospec- pos sibly I have an invitat ion to visit his home.
t ive operating area, I left my K'VM-2 at the When you r eturn you f ollow the same line
airport customs office, telling them I would r e- and, as an afterthought, u.Mr , I won-
turn f or it. I would then find the proper official der if you will do me a small favor? He will
and, putting a big sm ile on my face, walk into sa y cer ta inly, if it's within his power. Explain
his office. The conversation was u sually, " Hello that maybe someda y you can do him a favor
Mr , my name is Gus Browning, I am in America. Then say "I have a small radio
an American, and I have come all the way outfit at your customs station (I never did u se
from America to visit your wonderful country. the phrase "radio receiving/transmitting sta-

58 73 MAGAZINE
 tion") a nd the entire purpose of the trip is
for talking to as many of my friends all over
the world a s possible. I am sure my low power
station wiII not put out a strong enough signal
to be hear d back in Amer ica, but I would like
to at lea st give it a trial while I am here. It
will only be for a few days and would you RT·91/ARC·2 COLLINS TRANSCEIVER
please g ive me a temporary permit to just 2 ·9 Me. .50 W. Xmtr. and Rec;v·,. uses CoUillS
PlO oscillator. Indude$ 22 tvbes and 100 kc
test it." A ll you want is a temporary permit, cryslot. 8uil l-in 24 V. dyngffio'or. Compact
don't mention the word license. T he permits tob ie-top uni t. f . B. for morine, amoteu r
are usually fo r thirty days. "I want to come and mobile use. With Schemotic.
Good Condo
$39 • 95
to your country in a few years and bring my Like new . • . . . .. • . . • . . • . • • • • • . • • • • • • 49.9~
wife with me. If, however, you cannot give me
TD9 50 WATT 2·METER TRANSMITTER
a permi t I will have to lea ve t omor r ow, since At last , we got ' e ml Th e onK th e VHF boy. han
this is a radio testing holiday. I would like to been crYing l ur lor two )'can, and at y, th, pr lC:'
m;ul)' hln bun IClld f or ! Complrt_ on, of th,
stay longer to get to know both you and your mnt Yenatile IlIlh power AM tn.n.smltlen available
No conn""slon required . Manufactured by RCA
country better, but the entire purpose of the Separall modular Power StJpply. RF IUId Modulator
trip wHI ha ve been defeated a nd I will have to " Itl.uns. Excellent conditj~n. F Inal uses 829B drlnn
by 1:129 8. I IOV eo C)'clu. t.ne W ow ? THI S I S IT.
go to a ne ighbor ing cou ntry to test it out." If Rob us at only •..•••..•• . . .• •• . ••••• $89.50
you have been diplomatic he cannot refuse the
permit. After you have the permit you are MOBILE RAD IOTELEPHONE ISO·170 IlIC FM. 6t
inllut. 011111111 2~ "'aUI. Conli.tl 01 Tranlmitter
ready to get th e K\Vl\I-2 through customs. At Rece,nr . Anlenna &. c"nneetin, cab le. Manufactured
most of my stops t he official who gave me the by Wed Coatit Electron ics. Good condo $24.95
permit wrote a note to customs requesting
them to let me have the rig, saying that he E9UIPMENT CABINETS
Com men ia ! typ_Nol .... plu. ! 21 \1, " ",Id' .. Ifill, "
had g iven me a permit and it was all right to hl,h .. 15" deep. Tah 5tand;lrd 19" .. 14" rae"
pan, l. Origina lly 115ed for con,m ' l ...und a mp . Ven .
let t he KW M-2 into the country. One took me ti lated . Blue ename l f1n ilh. very I lig h ly Hrald'ied.
to customs in his own car to help me get the Yours at a f r act ion of the ori, l nal eod. on ly 4.95
•
rrg. TRANSFORMER SPECIALS
If it's possible to make some official con- Comm'l BC Type--not lurplu l . All ne", Dr like new,
tacts with t he proper man in some of these fully ,uaranteed. All 115v 60 en ~imar)'.
P LAT E XF MR 8500 VC T I a mp. 115 or 230 voll
cou ntries before you arrive it wiII help a lot. primary . Open frame. E PCO model 100 1. (Ye
Gad 5, a stt.al!) , . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 49 .9 5
A letter of in tr oduct ion will go a long way Fu ll en,ineeri"" dra",in,. available.
to open the door for you. A ham living there CHICAGO Model TRI040. 4700 VCT @ 400 MA.
Fully mleldeiS •.. ......• .....•....... _... . 29.95
will usually do all he can to help. (M I B helped 5700 VCT 120 MA . Sterling Model 3214. Open
lrame. On ly 5.9~
in San Ma r ino, VQ3HV in Zanz ibar, Ru ndy F li . Xf mr 6.4 V @ 6 A. ST.3215 2.9~
in the MP4 spots, \Va yne Green, by knowing APX-6 TRANSMITTER-RECEIVER SPECTACULARl
the French consulate in New York City, for 1215 Me. LESS TU8ES • •• • • •• •....• .•• $3 .95
Djibouti) . Complele conversion doto ... ,. . ...... $1 .50
My fi nal word is to tly by the seat of your
COMMAND SETS!
pants, be ever ybody's friend, keep smiling, and
Q.5'or REC E IVER: 190 -555 ke. E..eettent , .• . $9 .95
always ask for "just a temporary permit" for 3·6 MC R ECEIV ER: Excell en t 7.95
6 ·9 MC R ECEIVER: Exceuent . . . . • . .. . . . • . • 7.95
your small low powered outfit. 2.1.3 MC T RA NSMITTER : l;lI cellen t .• •. 1...:W :1.9:1
\V4EC I and I are now in the process of 3 ·4 MC TRANSM ITTER : Excelle nt. .• .• .•• • • 9.9'
4-:1.3 MC TRA NS M ITTE R: EXCO:IJlellt .•• .••. , 4.9"
planni ng a nother DXpedition t he early part of :1.3·7 AC T RAN SMITT E R : f;" ccllclr t . ...•..•• 4.9~
7·9 MC TR A NS M IT TER: Exce ll enl . I. lke New 14.95
next year, either J a n. or F eb., t his one lasting MD·71ARC ·5 P LA T E MO DUL AT OR : For eu
about one year and taking me to (I hope) 100 of the ,bot e Tran llll itteu . f;xcellenl ... O n11 4.95
cou ntries, some of them easy to work and RA-105 POWER SUPPLY
many of them brand new Vi r gi n spots. 11 5 vee, 60 eye input, mu ltiple outputs: 2400
A great deal of de tails to attend to, but I @ 10 mc., 540 v @ 175 mc., 295 v @ 100
mo•• 6.3 vee @ 12 a . 6. 3 vee @ 10 a.
am getting lined up with some fine connections Tu bess 3-.so.t, 3 -2X2, & 1·6X5. $9 95
in many of them, and expect more connections With tubes •••••• , • •••• Exe. Condo •
before I leave. NEW TRANSMITTING TUBES
W4ECI will be t he man back home attending 829B/3E29 • • • 4.954-400A • ••••• 25.00
to Q8L chores, etc. T his time at least 50 % r
WE BU YI BC-610. GRC. YRC. TS Eq uip. & ports l
will be 88B. \Vill also use 40 and 80 this time, TUBES, etc. TOP PRICES PAID l Whot do yo u
so gang get your low frequency antennas in ho ve ?
good shape. I will keep the DX chasers busy WRITE IN for new Bargain Bulletin l
for a year the way it looks at this time. A ll orderl fOB Los Angelel. 25% depol it re-
For our SPECIAL DXCC Certificate DON'T quired. All items lubject to prior sole. NO TE
MINIM UM O RDER, $3.00. WRITE TO DEPT. 73
MISS ME I N ANY SPOT, even if its only a
DL, etc. This means you will have to be on
t he ball about once each week ... no vacation
this coming year for those Certificate Chasers.
Gang remember I only want very short
QSO's. • • • W4BPD

OCTOBER 1961 59
-
33-WAVl PROPACJATION & ANTENNAS-Welch. Highly
recommended by the propagation ellperts as the best
Book on the subieet. $5.75
Radio Bookshop "O-RADIO HANDBOOK, 15th EDITION-O" tW6SAI).
This is for and away the best amateur radio handbook
ever printed. Over 800 pages. $1.50
You su re are limited if you don't have ref- 50_MICROMINIATURIZATION-This is the slo~dord tul
erence books. You don't have any place to on the subject. Don 't see how a company l,brary con
be without this one. Everything is going 10 have to be
look things up. How ca n you learn? How built smaller, you know. $11.00
can you progres s? Or are you sa tisfied just 52-HOW TO READ SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS-Morks.
s it t ing back and letting other fellows pass you Components & diograms; electrical, etectronic, cc, ~c,
by ? St a rt your own radio hook-of-the-month oudia, rf. TV. Siorts wilh indi vid ua l circuils and carnes
club and order a book today. Ihrough complete equipments. $3.50

53-BASIC ELECTRONIC TEST PROCEDURES-Turner. This

I -ELECTRONICS & RADIO ENGINEERING-Terman. On. book covers just about every possible Iype of e lectronic
o f Ihe most complele text books e ve r printed. 1078 lest equipment and explains in detail how to use it for
pages. Theory, but eosy on the moth. $15.50 every purpose. Testing : audio equipment, receivers,
tronsmilters, trc,"sistors. photocels, distorlion, lubes,
3-Cybrenetics by W.i".,-No reoson to buy this one power . • • e tc. $1.00
e xce p t it is a c10ssic & the title is visib le from 10 feet.
Confusing . $3.50 55-TRANSISTOR CiRCUIT HANDBOOK-Simple, ealY to
understand e ..planation of transistor circuits. Dozens
o f inleresting applications. $4.95
5 -ANTENNAS-Kraus (W 8JK1' Th. most «lmplete book
on antennas in print, but orgely design and theory, 56- RADIOTELEPHONE LICENSE MANUAL-
complete with malh. $11.50 Smith (W6BCX j. One of the edi tors of t he old
"Ra dio" hes done e bee utiful job of presenting
6-VACUUM. TUBE CIRCUITS AND TRANSISTORS - stud y material in this 0 & A lice nse guide . Even
Arguimbau. Des igned for both beginners and engineers. if you ere not going for your commercial ticket.
Malh kept to 0 minimum. Simple explanations of
co mple x ideas. You'll know a lot more obout radio which is a ccepted as proof of techn ica l knowled ge,
ofter you re ad th is bo ok. 646 pages. $10.25 you moy want to use this menuel t o keep track of
how fa r you have progressed in redlc t heory. $5.75
8-RADIO-TELEVISION & BASIC ElECTRONICS-Oldfield. 57-QUAD ANTENNAS-?rr (W6SA.I). Theory, de~ig~,
Logicol presentotion and descriptive illustration make construction ond operation of cubical quads. BUild-It
th is on ideal book for the beginner, 342 poges. $4.95
yourself info. Feed systems, tuning. $2.85

9-L1CENSE Q & A MANUAL-All the dope for commercial 58_ANTENNAS FOR CITIZENS RADIO-Orr (W6SAI) .
fCC licenses, 720 pages, beco me a pr ofessional for 56.00 General coverage, mobile and directional antennas for
27 mc. band. 8uild & tune 'em. $1.00
69-5-9 SIGNALS-orr (W6SAI). A manual of practicol,
13-REFERENCE DATA FOR RADIO ENGINEERS. detailed dolo covering design and construction of highly
Ta bles, formula s, g raphs. Yo u will fi nd this reference efficient, lnellpen.lve anlennas for the amateur bands
book on the desk of almost eve ry electronic en - that you can build yourself. $1.00
ginee r in the coun try. Publishe d by lnte rn eticnel 72-A8C', OF HAM RADIO-Pyle (W70E). Oesigned for
Telephon e en d Telegra ph. $6.00 the Novice ham. Includes all of the Information needed
to qualify for the Novice License 112 poges. $1..50
21-VHF HANDBOOK-Johnson (W60 KI). Types of VHf 74-HAND800K OF ElECTRONIC TAILES & FOAMULAS-
propagation, VHf circuitry, component limitationl, en- Formulas & laws. constants, stondards, ,ymbols and
tenna design ond construction, test equipment. Very codes. Math tables, misc. data. $2.9~
thorough book and one that should be in every VHf
shock. $2.95 75-8UILD.....-WARD QU ALlUM-Mount your prire QSl's
in this album. Room for 100 cards in eom album plus
labels for just about 011 possible operating awards. A
22-BEAM ANTENNA HANDBOOK-Orr (W6SAI). Basies, fine way to show off your cards. $1.95
theory and construction of beoms, tronsmiuion lines,
matching de vices, and lest equipment. Almost all hom 76-MODERN OSCillOSCOPES & THEIR USES-Ruiter.
5totions need 0 beam of some sort •• • here is the Second edition. Shows what a 'scope is, what it does
only source of basic info to help you decide what beam and how 10 use il for eedle, TV, transmitters, ere. 3At
10 build or buy, how to in.tall it, how to tune it. $2.70 poges. $8.00
77-IASIC ElECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS-Stout. Second
23-NOVICE & TECHNICIAN HANDBOOK - Stoner edition. Covers a ids to computation, measuremenl of
(W6TNS). Sugar coated theory I receivers, transmitters, resistonce, galvanomelers, .hunts, standord cell., polen·
power supplies, antennas; simple construction of a tiometers, alternating current bridges, mutual inductance
complete station, converting surplus equipment. How to
get a ham Iicen.e and build a .tation. n .8S measurements, bridge accessories, instrument trans·
formen, magnetic meosurements • . • and lots more.
$11 .65
24-BETTER SHORT WAVE RECEPTlON-Ql-r (W6SAI ).
How to buy a receiver, how to tune it, align it; build· 10-SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME
ing accessories; better antennas; OSL'., maps, aurora NO. I ( seco nd edition). This book g ives circuit d ia-
ranes, CW reception, SSB reception, etc. Handbook for
sho rt wave listeners and radio amateurs. $2.85 grams, photos of most equipment, and rather good and
complete conversion Instructions for the following: Be·
221, 8C-3'(2, IC·312, 8C-348, BC-.(12, 8C-645, 8C-9468,
2B-TELEVISION INTERFERENCE-Rand (W 1DBM) . This is SCR-27.(N 453A series rec.ive" conversion to 10 meier
the authoritative book on the subject of getting TVI out recelven, SCR·27AN .(5]A series transmitters (conver·
of your rigs ond the neighbort sets. $1.75 sian to VfO), SCR·522 (8C·624 and 8C-625 conversion
to 2 meters), T8Y 10 10 and 6 mele,., 'E-103A, 8C·
32-RCA RADIOTRON DESIGNERS HANDBOOK-I.500 1068A/1161A receiver to 2 mete,., Surplus tube index,
page. of design notes on every possible type of circuit. cross inde.. of A/H tube. vs. commercial types, TV &
fabulous . Every design engineer needs this one. $7.50 fM channel.. $1.00

60 73 MAGAZINE
ai-SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME
NO. II. Or ig inal and conversion circuit diag rams, plu,
pho to, of mo,t equipmenh and full conven ion d i,. YOU'LL BE SORRY
cussion of the foll owing : BC ·~/ARC-5 recei ver, to 10
meten, AN/APS·13 ;IImtr/rcvr to 420 me, BC·4.57/ARC·5 One of these da ys you 'll see one of t hese
;IImtn to 10 meters, Selen ium rectifier power unit" ARC·5 DDD (3-D) maps and you'll g et all bruised
powe r and to include 10 meten, Coil data-,implified
VHF, GO-9/T8W, 8C-357, TA·178, AN/ART·13 to oc from kicking yourself for passing up our big
winding charts, AVT·117A, AM·76/AIC, lM frequency barga in ... a cha nce to bu y one of these maps
meter, rotalor" power cha rt, ARB d iagram. $3.00 for th e Jr Op fo r the markably low price of
$9.95 (full list p rice, which you 'll h ave t o
87-SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME adm it is hard t o find these days). Just so you
NO. III -Original and co nversion diag rams, plu, , ome won't fe el t oo badly about the deal we throw
pho to of the'e : 70lA, AN/APN -I , AN/CRC -7, AN/URC ·4,
C8Y·79 175, .50083, 50141 , 57708, 52237, 57302·09, fT· in , at no extr a charge, a one yea r s ubscr ipt ion
AHA, BC-447, 453 ·455, 4.56-459, BC-696, 950, 1066, 1253. to 73. Now, a bout these maps . . . th ey're 28 * "
241A f or lItal filter, MBF (CO l .4306 5), MD-7/ARC ·5. x 18 %" and t he mountai ns st ick right: up at
R-9/APN ·4, R23-R·28/ARC·5, RAT, RAV, RM·52 (53),
Rt·19/ARC ·4, SCR·274N, SCR·.522, l ·U/ARC ·5 to T·
you, all in th e right pl aces. Thi s is not one of
23/ARC ·5, lM, ART·13, 8C·312, 342, 348, 191, 375. those chea p cr u mby maps eit he r , tt is an expen-
Sthematiet of APT·5,. ASB·5, 8C-659, 1335A, ARR·2, s ive uncrumby one wit h eigh t color s, all diff-
APA10, APT·2. $3.00 erent. Send.
83-THE SURPLUS HANDBOOK, VOLUME I-Receivers and
Tran'mitten. This book con'ists "ntirely of circuit dlc-
grams of surplu, equipment and photo, of the gear.
One of the first th ing, you reall y have to have to
e ven start considering a conve rs io n of surplus equip-
me nt i . a goad circu it diagram. This book has the
foll owing, APN-1 , APS-13 , ARB, ARC·4, ARC·5, ARC·S
VIiF, ARN-S, ARR-2, AS8 ·7, 8C·722, ·312, -314, -342,
·344, ·348, ·603, ·611, ·624 (SCR.S22 ), 8C·652, -654,
-659, ·669, ·683, ·72 8, -7 45, ·764, -799, -794, IC·923,
-1000, -1004, -1066, - 1206, . 1306, -1335, 8C-AR-231 ,
CRC-7, OAK-3, GF·II, Mark II, MN·26, RAK -S, RAL·5,
RA X, Super Pra, TB Y, TCS, Re.istor Code. Capacitor
Color Code. JAN/VT tube index. $3.00

R221 -BUILDING THE AMATEUR RADIO STATION-Beren.

(W2 p rK) . Sequel to abo ve . Everything you need to know
to build you r first hom station . $2.95

R235-RADIO CONTROL FOR MODEL BUILDERS-Winter.

One of t he best ond newest b ook s a vailable o n RC.
$4.25

R20-HOW TO USE GRID-DIP OSCillATORS-Turner

fK6 AI). Con.truction & uses, on important book. $2.50

Order Form
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58 69 72 74 75 76 77 80 81 82 83 85
R221 R235 R245
C ircle t he book numbe rs you wish to o rd e r.
Pleese include c esh. che ck, mo ney o rde r, • ,
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----------------------------_.
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1379 East 15th Street, Brooklyn 30, N. Y. Send order to: 73 Magazine. 1379 E. 15th St.,
(N.Y.C. add 3% tax) Brooklyn 30. N. Y.

OCT08ER 1961 61
 A Sequential Switch Pet Miller KV4CI
P.O. Bo' 1853
St. Thomes, Virgin lslends
popular method of clickless, spark-free age at any given moment is always lower at
A keying using a combination of clamp t ube Vb than it is at ve. Shortly after Vb extin-
and VR tube is shown in Fig. 1. By going a guishes it is followed by Va. F r om t his se-
step further and using an add itional VR tube quence you can see that you have first an HOn
an d a potentiometer one ca n obtain a s imple A" f ollowed by an "On B" f ollowed by an " Off
differential keyer as shown in F ig. 2. B" a nd "Off AU as used in most differen tial
The principle of operation of the circuit in keying systems. The circuit as described in
Fig. 2 is as follows. When the key is up there Fig. 2 could be u sed to key t he screen of the
is no bias on V I causing it to draw heavy osci llator with Va and t he screen of the am-
current through RI- R2. T h is hi gh current plifier with Vb.
causes the voltage drop across R I -R2 to be so At KV4CI the system used in Fig. 2 is the
high that there is insufficient voltage appear- heart of a slightly more elaborate system as
ing at either Va or Vb and they thus remain shown in Fig. 3. H igh impedance plate r elays
exti nguished. When the key is down a bi as is substitute a s loads fo r Va and Vb , t hus allow-
impinged on the grid of VI causing the current ing me to throw a bias voltage from one cir-
to drop along RI-R2 with a consequent voltage cuit function to another while maintain ing a
rise along same. Depending on the values of sequential keying action. RLYI a nd RLY2 are
Rand C the voltage will continue r is ing with S P DT types. Un der key up conditions RLYI
Va first firing and conducting current t hrough g rou nds t he screen of the VFO while RLY2
R3 and then followed by Vb firing and con- maintains a bias on the grid of a tube that
ducting current through R4 . Reopen ing t he vacuum tube keys the screen of my 4-125A
key removes the source of bias, with the bias fi nal. W it h t he key down RLYl ungrounds t he
remaini ng on the gr id of Vl deca yi ng at a rate VFO screen gr id voltag e, allowing it to osc il-
determined by Rand C. The current through late. RLY2 switches bias off the gr id of the
Vi once again starts rising causing the volt- S G keyer tube allowi ng it to conduct and puts
age to drop along Rl-R2. As the voltage drops th is same bias on t he grid of a power supply
Vb is t he first tube to extinguish as t he volt- bleeder clamp t ube. (See Jan 61 73 Page 56.)
T he t ime sequence of keyi ng is controlled by
the settings of the potentiometer R2 and the
values of Rand C as used in t he grid of V l.
CU MP TUBE __ xl TO PLAT[ SUPPLY
The system ha s a g reat deal of flexibility. Her e
at KV4CI I am able to var y the keying time
. ' J OU/0 8 2
--- • from zero to about 120 milliseconds. One warn-
-::I. '" ing however in regard to gaseous type tubes.
--- " i' """
They are temperature sensitive and if you live
"." ,. " -,
in a climate where the t emperature in t he
shack varies a g reat deal you may find it
necessary to reset R2 from time to time to
-= obtain your desired sequence time.
T he reader with a shar p eye can see ot her

IN THE •• •.. .;,t~'7~, • WEST • It'.

and TlUVISION • •

SUPPLY
.JCO•
. ;BJt~I'.
-~
. . . . ..
. ~-

•
c:
FOR OVER 25 YEAR S ONE OF THE W EST'S OLDEST AND LARGEST FIRMS
DEVOTED EXCLUSIV ELY TO AMATEU R AND' ELECTRONIC EQUI PMENT.

1331 India St. . San Diego 1, Calif.

P. O. Box 1728 BElmont 9-0361

62 73 MAGAZINE
 r----------~
"
R2 - POT
KEEP CANDEE HANDEE!
I DEAL FOR LI G HT AIRC RAFT!
ARC AIRCRA FT RECEIVERS
"
, 0- R·19 118-148 MC. Excell ent Condition.
(28 VJ With dy nam otor . 59.73
'" Without d ynam otor . 49.73
R : F:C R·22 540.1 bOO KC . Excellent Condition.
" 0- (28 VI . 49.73
CO M MAND GEA R
Famous Q. 5' er. 190 · 550 kc. The receiver 1 ou' l e been
look!n&, for at only • • • • . •.. ..• .• •.. ... •........•• $9.73
possibilities in th is system. F or ex ample t here BC.454 /R . 26: 3·6 Me 7.73
is nothi ng t o st op one from using a series BC . U S/R . 27 : 6 · 9 .1 Mc 7.73
MD . 7 MOD ULAT OR : Special 3. 73
of VR t ubes attached t o a m ulti tapped r e-
s istor in place of the potentiomet er a t R2 . I n T. 18/ A RC. 5 X MTR. 2.1 ·3 :MC u:cellent cond ition S4.73
T .19/A RC . 5 XM T R. 3-4 MC exl:ellen t condition 7.73
doing so one could turn on a ser ies of circuits T . 20/AR C. 5 X MT R 4· 5 . 3 )l C excellent cond ition 4.73
in one sequence a nd extin guish them In re- T -21 /AR C.5 X MT R 5 .3 , 7 MC excellent cond ition 4.73
verse sequence.
The cir cuit in F ig. 3 is m or e elaborate t han A TR IO OF HEADSET BARGAINSI
HS . 23 : HI h:n ped anA. Leath er c:orered hea dloand.
need be. Th e power sup p ly shown was used B rand new. Great buy. Onl1 • • . • • • • • . • . . . • • • . . $4.73
a s it was compact a nd av a ila ble. Any bias sup- HS . 33 : Low IDi pedam e. Le. tbft' CO'ued head-
ban d. B ra nd ""'. A . J . J . Candee Special . . . . . . 5 .7 3
ply giving 150 vol ts or so a t a few mills along HI F I Hu.dllt: 15.000 C1cl" ! Brand new lIfHh
chalDol s cushions. ta· s le rrlOc ! Onl,• .• .• •• • . . • • • 8.73
with a sou r ce of 250 volt s positi ve at 30 or 40 C D.3C7 A H .. dset E..tens lon Cord: Brand ne'lf.
Appro'flmately 5 ft. lenllth. O nl Y ...•.. . . . .. . . . .37
mills will more t h a n do t he job f or yo u. You
will note that type 5651 voltage reference t ubes APN.I FM TRANS CEIVER
were u sed to oper ate t he h igh impedance r e- 420 .460 Me. Comple te with tubes. Exc. E L • • .• . • . • $2.73
lays. Th is wa s don e beca use t he relays ope- Approx. ,hp. ,,"I. per un U 25 lb TWO lor 5 .00
rated best around 2.5 rna , j ust a bout t he center
of the cu rrent handling range of the 5651. YOU GOT IT I WE WANT IT! LET'S DEAL7
W,'re PaYl DC top U$ for ORC- 9 ; r-ac-e. - S. ·11. · }O:
However , lower impeda nce r elays along with ON . MIA : A ll e lectronIc tHI eq uip.
either OB2 or OA 2 type VR t ubes can be used
R.4A/ARR .2 RECEIVER
with equal success. Corne to t hink of it t he 231- 258 Me. 11 tu b". UH F , t unabl, reCfl he r. See
circuit a s shown in Fig. 3 could be used a s a Auc./51t C.Q . Jr,lu azlne for eonve'l'llon. Enellenl eeed.
" see-saw bleeder-differential keyer for your TW O for $$. 00. F.ach 12.73
driver power supply ! .•. KV 4CI AP X .6 TRAN SPONDER
A ml d&'et .... rehO\l M of p.rll l BlOWeR, three Veedn -
R oot eccnt eee, r . F . st ri p., cullY, o'er 30 tub" . etc.

" ," I ncludes 3 E29 tu h . Good condo A STEA l, AT ONL Y $9.73

APX. 6 Manua l $ 1.37
I
T-67/ARC-3 TRANSMITIER-
100 to 156 MC Us.d : $14 .73
R_T7/ARC_3 RECEIVER-
100 to 156 MC U..d : $14 .73
ART-13 COllINS
Tran.m ltter, removed Irom alrcran , 10·channel
.uto.tu ne or manu al. 2-18.1 M•• fer Ham RI, with
813 nnal. Oulput 80·100 w. CW ... ...dulat.d. Crya·
ca li br. td f or VF O. E..~e lle n t COnditi on .. . ••.. Only $33.37

"'
15 k 5 W
VAR .WW TO ADJUST
RT91/ARC-2 TllANSCEIVER
Air born . ; AM, CW , MCW. Outllut 40 W. 1_ lIUt
F'lRiNG TIllIE
12AU7 500 MW Frea. R. nge 2000 II 9050 KC In ,I ,hi
~. , , han nel. : Input 28.5 voU DC, exd. condo .hlp.

c:- -,:.~h. ..'"' '" wt. 100 Ibs., w/ eontrol bolt.•••• .. . •. •.• • · • • ·• · •• · $39 .73

T'
· '
.....
aco,
l OGOf POW[1l
SUP P1..'I' CL .."''"
rcee
.-." If.. rn .FOB BurballJr, Ca llI•• • ubl..,,' ,. prior . .'-.
'n CallI. a d d 4 % . "'11.•
r d .r 13.73•

'" va ;
o
TOG Of SG
• J. J. CANDEE CO. D.pt. MS
'---' - - - - - - -' KEn .. TUllE
509 No. Victo ry Blvd., Burbonk, Calif.
Phon.: Vlctorio 9.2411
-e
,,,- - - - - - - - •

OCTOBER 1961 6]
Propagation Charts J BEAM "SKELETON SLOT"
REVOLUTIONARY ADD-A-LINE
David A. Brown K2 1GY CONSTRUCTION
30 La mbe rt Aven ue THE" J" IS NEVER OBSOLETE
Fermi nqdele, N. Y.
ENDLESS - COMBINATIONS
F or the DX propagation ch a r t , I ha ve listed BUY COMPLETE ARRAYS OR
t he RBF wh ich is t he best Ham Band Fre- GET BASIC UNIT & ADD UNITS LATER
quency to be used for the t ime per iods g iven.
A higher HBF will not work a nd a lower RBF 2/2 I 4 Ele. ) 144 MC, GAIN 10.0 08•• $1 8.95
sometimes will wor k, but not nearly a s well. 4/4 I 8 Ele. I 144 MC, GAIN 13.8 08•• $2].50
Th e time is in GM T , not local t ime. 6/6112 Ele.) 144 MC. GAIN 15.808•. $29.95
8/8116 Ele.1144 MC. GAIN 16.808.. $36.50
300 ohm feed for Low Loss Lines
WATER TIGHT-HEAVY DUTY 8ALUN
Advanced Fcrecest, October 196 I ]00 to 52 ohm $8.60
MATCHING HARNESS-TWO 144 MC
Good: 3, 5-2 1, 24, 25, 28-30 ARRAY •. • •• • • • • •• • • • • •• • • • . .• . 3.80
2 _/8. 144 MC, 19.8 08 GAIN WITH
Fair: 1,2,4, 22, 23, 26, 27, 31 HARNESS •.•• • • • • •••.••••• •• • .• 81 .60
CONSTANT IMPEDAN CE OVER "8 %"
Bad: non e . OF THE CENTER FREe;>.
GET THIS ASTOUNDING ANTENNA
-NOW I -
The S hort Path propagation chart has been
set up to sho w what IIBF t o use f or coverage
between the 48 st a tes . Alaska a nd Ha wa ii a re
covered in t he DX chart . The use of th is chart
WILLIAM H.• ROBERTS
7921 Woodlawn Chico go 19. III.
is somewh at different t han the DX char t.
Fi rst, t he time is the loca l t ime centered on
t he mid-point of the path. Second, the distance path New York to San F rancisco (2,600
g iven in miles is the Great Cir cle path distan ce m iles) , t he local time cen tered on the mid-point
because of the Earth's cur va t ur e. H ere are a of t he path will be 1112 hours later than a t
couple of examples of how to use t he char t . Sa n Francisco and 1 th ho u rs earlier than in
A. ) T o work the path Bost on to Miami (1 250 New Yor k (the time difference between New
miles) , the local time centered on the mid- York and San Francisco is 3 hours) . Looking
point of the path is the same in Boston as up t he HBF's next to the 2,500 mile listi ngs
in Miami. Looking u p t he H GF's nex t t o the will g ive the HBF to use. In S a n Francisco
1250 mile listi ngs will g ive t h e H BF to use subtract 1 % hours fro m t he t ime periods listed
a nd t he ti me periods g iven will be the same for local time a nd in New York ad d 1 % hours
at each end of t he circu it. B. ) To wor k t he 'ro time periods list ed fo r loca l time.

• SHORT PATH
PROPAGATION CHART
OCTOBER 1961
LOCAL T IME OO~0203 04050607 08 091 01 1 12 13 1415 16 17 18 1920212223
2500 MILES
2250 MILES
200 0 MILES , ,
175 0 MILES
150 0 MILES
125 0 MILE S
1000 MI LES •

7 50 MILES
5 00 MILES I
25 0 MILES 'I

LEGEND 7 MC

OCT0 8ER 1961 65

I
 Simple

RECEIVE t TRANSMIT Send-Receive

~ GN D !

Ground Switch

SWITCH
Howerd S. Pyle W70 E
- 3434 74t h Ave nue, S. E.
Merce r Island, W e shinqton

A large number of hams prefer to use the The writer r ecently had occasion to design
same antenna for both transmission and and build a sma ll switch for direct antenna
reception. In the more advanced ham st at ions , change-over and which wa s to be used with a
such chang-e-over is accomplished either by tran sm itter of 120 watts input. At the s ame
mean s of a r elay of some magnetic type, often time it was consider ed desirable to provide for
co-axial and of late, an 'electronic' type, vac- groundi ng the anten na through the same
uum tube operated. In the magnetic ty pe of swit ch during periods of st at ion inactivity. The
relays, many go so far a s to key the re lay coil problem was qu ickly, easily a nd inexpensivel y
if t hey don 't object to the clatter of the relay
as it follows the keying. For phone operation
(usually with ' push-t o-t alk' switch ing ) . relay
clatter is of course, no problem. \Vit h either .... NT ENN ....
the electronic or the keyed-coil magnetic types,
break-in operation is possible. So-called 'voice
operated relays' also provide some advantages
to phone oper a t ors but are somewha t more
complex and a bit beyond the scope of t~ is
article. TO <>---f") Q----t> TO
Whether a s imple switch, serving t o shi f t the T R.... N S~IITTH R EC E IVER
antenna from transmitter to receiver and vice
versa, or whether such switch is used to actu-
ate a rela y whose contacts perform the actual --
switch-of the an tenna, is of little moment. GROUND SC R EW
E ither method will not permit break-in opera-
t ion. Customarily the Novice amateur prefers
to start with a simple single pole, double
throw switch, frequently of the knife type with
either a ceramic or bakelite base. While these
are perfectly satisfactory in their electrical
function, they do present some disadvantages.
It is often somewha t awkward to make the
complete 180 degree throw for each alternate
period of transm ission and reception. If the
switch is located convenien tly to operate, usu-
ally adj acent to t he key, it is possible to get
nasty little rf burns during transmission
periods should your hand accidentally contact
the exposed metal parts of the switch. Dired switching.

66 73 MAGAZINE
solved in the m anner shown in the accompany-
ing ill ustrations which are self explanatory.
Parts readily ava ilable in the station junk box
A vailable October 15th .. .
were used. Obviously, other parts of s imilar
st yle may be substi tu ted f r om wha t you ma y
have on hand or p urch ased to suit th e builder 's
SIX METER NUVISTOR
taste. F or example, t he writer used a n Ohmite Converter Model 20 I
Model 111-5, non-shorting power tap switch a s
it was available. Although this is a 5 point
switch, only t hree taps were used a s will be
obvious f rom t he accompanying illustration
a nd schematic. An y ceramic base rotary wafer
swit ch such as Centr a lab # 251)7, Mallor y
# 1740 or s im ilar, will serve as well.
An LMB #OOZ box chassis, only slightly
over 2" in each dimension, finished in grey
hammartone, formed the enclosure. Feed- Gain: 25 d b
through insulators on ha nd turned out to be
two E . F . J ohnson Co., # 135-55 button type for
the t r a nsmitter a nd receiver con nections and Noi se Fig ure : le n tha n 3.0 db
I. F.: 14-18 me, o thers o n reque st (l pe cify w hen or-
one of t he ir # 135-44 for t he a n ten na lead it- d eri ng )
se lf . The knob of cou rse, ca n be anythi ng wh ich Input-Output : SO ohm s, 8 NC
Po we r Requ ired : 6.3v and 150 v d c
pleases your fa ncy; the writer used an Ins u- Tub e s: 6 CW4 and 6U8
line Corporation pointer type, # 1274. Small Sh ie lded Ca se : 6 " x 3" x 11/2"
angle brackets were attached to the bottom of A corefull y conceived des ign (fe o t ure d in Ju ly QSn
inc orporat ing good quality ot low COlt.
the two s ides of the cabinet with which to
secu re it in position on the operating table.
The 'p r of essional to uch' was added by apply-
Order direct from Ta petone : .. .. $37.40
ing sma ll decalcoman ia t ran sfer s ( a ny ham Mat ching power sup ply, Mod el 154 . .. $ 15.40
rad io store) to ident ify switch positions a nd
terminal con nections. TAPETONE 10 AR DLOCK PLA CE
W EBSTER, MASS.
Makers of complete receiver systems

r----------I----------,
I I I
I
I
II £,
I
I
I
I
I I I
I I I
I I FC.30 I
I I I
I CHOKES I , I
IL L
I - Mod.1 800 JI

Three B&W Chokes t hat have broadband

applications from 80 through 10 meters.
Fe- 1S An R F filament choke ideal for
grounded grid amplifier construction.
Use with one or two t ubes. For total
fi la m ent cur rent to 15 am ps.
FC-30 Sim ila r to Fe-IS bu t with la r ger
capacity to handle up to 30 a mp. total
As shown in the schematic, with the switch filament current.
connected as ind icated, you need merely throw
it to t he left to transmit, to the right to receive Model 800 Transmitting type R F plate
(reverse this if you like). Placing the switch choke designed for series or shunt fed
lever in the center pos ition connects your an- pla te circuits. Max. ra t ing 2500 VD C
tenna direct ly to ground, a utomatically re- at 500 rna.
moving it f rom both t r a nsm itter and r eceiver . See these chokes at your dealer or wr ite
The sa me type of switch ca n be m ade up B&W for infor ma t ion.
using co-axial con nectors if t hat is what you
prefer. F ollow the same general idea but pro-
vide a somewhat larger cabinet, such as th e
LM B Chassis box #000, and substitute female
co-ax connectors for the feed-through insula-

O CTO BER 1961 67

Ad·WIlITE NO\V! A NTEN NA

Beller Yet - WIRE 0 11 CALL T ODAY FOR

1. Burghardt'. "D~. I of thO' '1 onth" For Oclobr... Antenn a
ll ~ v a c t e l ", y G ro u n d i nR
2. O ur O el.. L~r Ltuing o f R ~ o n dil lo n., d E ..uir..... ". lead
CarrrlnlJ B u rghard t'. "!;.. a1 o f Sat"hctlo u'"
1>,
YO U 'L L B E GL AD
......a h lrlna •• ·
YOU DID!
un tra l E lee tro nl.,., Co l li n., Dra k ... Go nu· t, n .lli.
•
T o Tran s mirtu
~
To Re c e i v e

.,... he.... If a m m a ..lund, lI y. G ain, Jobnllon, M Oil I..,..

National.
.. Your O J....." L Jn e to E ......,. Manu bdu r ..... _ 0 p..
3 Po le 2 Ga DR c era mic
afc r ro tary S.... it Ch

Phone TV 6-5149
O
~ ~
Boll: 7 46B
W al ertow•• S o . D.kolll -----
- -

-6 METER "PACKAGE DEAL" GND

only $19.98 postpaid Teo r mi na I B lock •

Conslst'ng of tile following :

I-VANGUAR D 5 watt, crystal controlled R.F. '- U
11
tra nsmitte r $14.99 list
I-VANG UARD modulator for car bon a nd •
crystal mikes $15.99 list Relay switchin g.
I-VANGUARD c ry s fa I controlled converter
wit h broadca st ba nd out put . . .. . $15.99 list tors shown.
Ag ain , sho uld you wish to u se such a switch
A $46.97 value for only $19.98 to actuate an an tenna relay and yet r et a in
All u nits o re new p rin ted circuit modules, te ste d
ond complete wi th 011 t ube s and crystals. t he groundi ng feature, use a two deck, 3 pole
Re qu ir e s 1.50 to 300 vo lts d.e, Clnd 6 o r 12 velts. r otary ty pe ; t his need not be ceramic a s it
VANGUARD ELECTRONIC LABS will handle no r f. You may h ave to get a four
De pt. H-9 190-48 99th Ave ., Hollis 23, N. Y. position switch however, as three pole are
somewhat uncommon. At any rate you'll use
but one position on each swit ch (electrically).
This is n ecessary however to a ccompish the de-
$300.00 for your sired fu nc tions . You'll find a larg e choice in
these switc hes at any h am store or in t he mail
order catalogs.
Johnson Viking II You may wish to mount your relay right in
the switch cabinet mak ing a comp act assembly;
see page 13 if so, provide a two-p oin t terminal block some-
where with in t he ca binet and f eed it with ae
t hrough a g rommetted hole in t he back. If you
plan to use an ex t ernal rel ay, insta ll a four-
point terminal bl ock. T he a dditional two termi-
n als will provide a handy method of ter minat-
ing t he coil lead s of t he relay and leadi ng
them to thei r te rm inat ions wi thin the cab inet.
" HAM HEADQUARTERS, USA •• Remember too, t hat if you expect to use a
• two deck switch to control t he relay a s pre-
GENERALIZE YOURSELFI viously described, you will need a somewh at
la r ger cabi net to accom modate it . Th e LMB
LEARN RADIO CODE # 000 or its equiva lent will handle this; very
The EASY WAY possib ly t he same box will leave room for t he
#~'C .._ relay a s well if you plan to enclose it , unless
No Books To Read-No Visuol
I .«"........... G immicks To Distract You. Just your relay is somewha t oversize. If so, shop
-• - •
".0,0
•
,00\
listen and learn
Bued on modern psyehol.,l,a1
teehn lq uK - Th is OO UrH will take
a r ound for a box to fi t; t hey come in a wide
va r iety of sizes and fin ishes.

.--
)'GU beyond IS w.,.m. 10 One last point; if you mount the rela y ex-
-~-
•

PRICE
LESS THAN ~ THE TIME ternaUy , you'll need on ly <me feed- through
Av o iloble 0 1.0 o n magnetic tope
~
$9.95 Su Y ou,. Dt aJ" Now l insu lat or (or co-ax connector as you prefer)
in the cabinet, through which to bring the an -
AI.om C••l.;M
Thr•• 12" lP',
EPSILON t enna groundi ng lead ( Fig. 2) , to t he proper
2769 CAROLINA
'- '~~u~i~n RECUR,DS REDWOOD CITY, CALIf.
switch point . T hat does it ; happy change-
overs! . • • W70E

b8 73 MAGAZINE
 Ef
with
- "the- -Line"-
with a "MATERIAL" difference!
NOW! Precis ion tu ned and ma t ched " Bal un" fed
(s upplied) 8 elernent2 Meter Yagi .. . Model 2M 8 14

$
~_ _S
:::end For Pl 77- Te ch info on 107 Antennas

For TOP-MAN-ON- ANTENNAS Comm unicat ion and TV Antenna s

THE-FREQUENCY results ...
Install a Te/rex antenna . .. dollar for
dollar better in every way ! Antenn a
SI NC E
192 1 rex LABORATORIES
system s from $6.95 to $ 12 .000 .00 ASBURY PARK 40, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

(W2NS D from pag e 4)

from the House of Glass-
mean s sen ding the page proof s back t o t he
pri nter w ith all remaini ng corrections and the a TRUCKLOAD of 73 SPECIALS!
page n umber s on them. Th ese come ba ck in a POWER TRANSFORMER FOR
day or so f or one more final check . TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER
The procedure on ads isn't. quite a s compli- The 12 V TCS 01,101 Supp ly, fully fi ltered, whkh w.
cated, but we have to ha ve many of t hem set
used to b"J fo r more than twice th is 13 Special
price I Bra n new, mounted o n s ing le bose, 2 d yno.
in type and go through just a bout t he same motors, .uoV @ 200 MA f or tronsmitter, 220V @ 100
MA, for revr. ,,!e dro.... 0 fobulou s borgoin o n the s. ,
t hing. \Vhen you multiply all thi s by th e fif- we re posslng It on to you. Only . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.73
teen t o twenty articles p er issue plus the t en SPARE PARTS KIT for above, cons isti ng of Relay,
f1 xmtr d ynamotor, 1 rcvr d ynamo tor, cho ke • bru shes •
or fiftee n ads we have to have set you ca n see uses, e tc. All New .• . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ... 4.73
wh e r e a large hunk of time a nd e ner gy is in-
vested every month . Someh ow, in t he r emain- COMPLETE 2 -METER STATION
ing time, w e process all subscr i ptions and UNDER $2SI
renewals, a nswer about half of our mail, bug ARC·3 2·Meter Transmitter, uses 2 832A's in fino!'
Automotic t uning assembly, oUgns itself outomotico l-
advert ise r s for ad s, clip out the reade rs se r - Iy-both tronsmitter ond ARC-3 Receiver can be used
vic e ca r ds and sen d 'em to adverti sers, count on 2 Meters with hardly any chonges. Complete
with tubes. Just un packed !
u p th e votes for articles, writ e editorials like Tra nsmitte r • ... . ... ....... •• • • .. . .. . . • $14.73
this , bill advert isers fo r t he a ds, bill distribu- Recei e r _.. . .. . . . . $14.73
Both f or .. . .. • . . • • . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.73
tors fo r the copies we sen d each mon th ( ha lf
ou r circulation is via radio parts d istributors, SCOPE SCOOP!
some 800 of 'em) , k eep the books on all 800 5" 'Sco pe w ith 22. t ubes such os 6SN1, 6SL1, 6H6 ,
e tc. Compact; e oslly converted for oscillosco pe use
distributors and 60 or so advertisers, put the o r panodapter. Compl ete w it h 011 tubes-don't fo intl
- 0 sma shing 13 Special at anl y . . . . . . . . . . . . $5.73
mont hly checks from all those advertisers and (De sig no te APN -4 SCOPE BASIC)
distrib utors in the ba nk, fill out voluminous - --- ---
forms for the post office to let them know each 100 WATTS ON 80. 40 & 20 - 813 FI NA L!
month just exactly h ow many copies we are The famous Collins ART-13 Transmitter .t 0 73
Spe cio l price designed to e xt rude th e o rbita l me m-
se nding t o each postal zone in the coun t r y a nd bers to the utmostl 2 to 18.1 MC, VfO and high-
how much this weighs (to th e m illionth of a le ve l AM Modu lotor bui lt in, a ll you need Is power.
EASILY CONVERTED TO 10 METERS, TOOl Good
pound ) , talk to visiting ham s who drop in or Cond ition .•. • • . . ... .. ... . . . . . . ... .• •.. .• $29.13
phone, hu nt hig h and low for stencils f or sub-
scribe rs that have missed a copy , cha nge a bou t " TW O f ER" 73 SPECIALS
1000 KC Crystol, mounted in metol se a led holder,
ten to twenty addres ses a day, pull out expir- V2" pin spocing $1 .37 e a ch, two for $2.73
ing st encils and send warnings, make up the Be 604 TRANSMITTER
maili ng str ip of all subscr ibers each month Brand new with 011 tubes and cr ystol storo ge ball:.
Co vers 20 to 28 Me. Wow-type 73 Speciol. only $4.37
plus labe ls f or all the di stributors, and about Buy one for a buddy, be socioble. Pair . • • •• •$1.73
two thousand other problems. Oh, yes, I musnt
for get going- to Conventions and hamfests. J. J. GLASS CO.
1624 S. MAIN STREET lOS ANGel ES 15, CA LI f .
(Turn to page 70)

OCTOBER 1961 69
 {W2NSD Ircm p.ge 69 }

ANYONE Impedance Brid ge Diagra ms

T he d iagrams fo r t he cons t r uction of t he
Impedan ce Br idge in the A ug ust iss ue were
FOR HAM TV? printed in microscopic size for two reasons.
First of all we had to fit the article onto eight
lIam TV is no longer a complicated pages since we had to print it th r ee months
or expensive hobb y. It is quite simple to before we used it an d then insert t he eight
put a sig nal on the air when you know pag e section lat er . Secondly so meth ing went
\"hat you are doing. Th is book tells you wrong with our art depa r tmen t a nd t he dr a w.
ings were marked up for much too small a
how. Used TV receivers are available cut. By the time I had found out what hap-
very reasonable these days ... find out pened and had gotten over my hysteria it was
how to convert these old sets for Ham too late and we owned a couple hundred dollars
TV. This book is light on theory, pre· worth of mi niature cuts. R at s ! \Vhat do you
sent ing just enough so you'll have a do then? You shudder at the reaction of t he
good idea of what you are doing. H am readers and vow that th is wont' h a ppen ag ain.
TV is inexpensive and just about the Those of you who are interested in getting
most fun you can have in ham rad io. full scale (mostly) plans for the bridge can
Get this book and get on the air. get them by sending in one dollar to cover the
cost of ha ndling, maili ng, p rint in g , etc. 'W e
Here are some of the contents of this have t hem ready fo r you now.
book: Introduction to Ham TV ; Image
converters; video amplifiers; the TV re- Reciprocal Licensing
ceiver; the station; flying spot scanner; Those of you who have followed my editorial
the camera scanning unit, pickup unit, meanderings down through the years know
mixer unit; monitor receiver; slides for how dear th is subject is to my heart. w ell, it is
the camera; video transm itter; video fi na lly getti ng somewhere. Someday I' m goi ng
modu lator; transmitter test equipment; to sit down and chron icle what I've gone
transmitter adj ustments; audio; anten- through on this. This will lead to a lot of
nas; converters; station operation sug- emotion though for there have been some im -
gestions. portant heel draggers, guess I'd better not.
This is the first Ham TV Manual ever We'll write it up some day and have it pub-
lished posthumously .. . li ke my ch ronicle of
puhlished . Order one now! the "O per ation w orld wide" which I've n ever
$3.00 per copy. dared let myself even mention in print.
-----------------------------_. Senator Barry Goldwater has introduced a
Name C a ll. .
bill to permit reciprocal licensing of foreign
amateurs who are residents of n ations who ex-
Address . tend similar privileges to America n hams. Th e
bill was introduced A ugu st fi r st and r eferred
C ity Zone Sta te .
to the Committee on Commerce. T his means
O rd er fo r copies of the Ham TV Manual that it is now entirely up to you to put the
@ $3.00 e ac h. pressure on to get this bill through that com-
ORDER FROM "13" MAGAZINE mittee. You do this by writing to your con-
1379 East 15th Street. Brooklyn 30. New York gressman and telling him you are interested
in its passage and aski ng him to help ex pedite
it. If you have a Congressman fro m you r sta te
on the Committee you can wr ite dir ectly to
him and this will ha ve an even greater effect.
$200.00 for your Senate Bill S.2361 proposes to amend sec-
tion s 303 and 310 of the Communications Act
Heath DX·40 of 1934 . T he amendments woul d permit t he
FCC to license foreig n hams for up to th ree
years in the U.S. if t hey are convinced th at
see page 13 it would not endanger our sec urity.
Why all the fuss? Why should you bother
to write? \Vhy should make it your business
to see that everyone in your club writes, th a t
your family wr-ites, a nd that every h am you
con tact on the a ir writes? 1) T he next Geneva
Conference is coming up in a couple of years
and we are being no less than fool hardy to do
" HAM HEADQUARTERS . USA .. less than we can to get every foreign ham to

10 73 MAGAZIN E
suppo r t th e U.S. position for amateur ba nd
allocations. Right now t here is a lot of bitter-
ness overseas about the st r ict U.S . policy of
NO FO RE IGN H A MS operating in the U.S.
STURDY
I have v is ited these countries, talked to ama-
teurs in a pos ition to k now, and interviewed E-Z WAY
many of their r epresentatives at . Jte last inter-
national conference at Geneva. ~J) P ermission s:... TOWERS
to operate will no doubt lure many DX hams • Put your Triband., at 41' in 70 mph
to vis it the States and will allow t hem to really ....o wind (125 mph cranked d~'Nn to 24')•
get t o know us when t hey do vi sit. This w ill
implement the Presidents' plan for having
'"
C>
TiUs over for £-1 access to array.
Mounts H.Jm·M Rotor inside towe'
more foreigners vacation in the U.S. and will ~ head. Top radial bushing • vertiu'
oJ,
make for a lot better understanding between thrust b..ring .
the U.S. a nd nat ionals of other countries. How '"'"
many times have we read what some return ing -•
-e
Safety r.st Jocks . 'owe, at desired
height. No weight on ubl.s.
foreigner ha s had to s a y about hi s vi ait to the o E.I .A. RS-222 specs. Hu'llY wall struc-
U.S. and wished that we could have done som e- ~ .ur.1 steel tube legs, solid " ..1 rod
t hing to make him know our count r y better.
3) Once we are able to license foreign ama-
.....
V)
d iagon..r & horizontal bruing - uc
welded. SoIJ I,)' T o!, Flight !J;,t, ihllforl
teurs coming to the States our a mateurs will f."" tr)"VlI / f rt !

f
in turn be able to get licenses in most foreign
countries. This will g r ea tl y encourage f oreign
travel and will enable our amateurs t o meet
W, j" for C.,. log 22·)

MOUNTING KITS:
so
-
a nd talk to local foreign ham s d uring their C PK· S40 $75.00
travels. I have vi sited many foreign cities and Wond" , Gr ound Pos t MODE L R BS.4 0P .
wished that there was some way to get ac- B,U ·S40 $1 0. 50 Dip paint ed
Wolf Btoe~.. 1
quainted wi th the loca l hams, ham s that we
can only infreque ntly con t act from over here.
4) T he proh ibition aga in st aliens being li-
censed that is now part of the Commu nications
Act of 1934 was originally put in to prevent
commercial companies from hiring much lower
wage Mexicans to operate wireless stations.
They had not even thought of this being ap-
plied to ha m r adio, which wa s a lmost unk nown
at that time and certainly was not portable.
Amateur &. "
This minor oversight has g rown with the in -
creasi ng popularity of ham radio to be a major
thorn . It is abou t t ime that it be corrected. It
CB Crystals
can be corrected if you take it upon yourself $3.00 2500 ke to 15,000 ke, Fcnde-
to see that it is. \Ve have a lot of amateurs menta] fr equ encies 15 me to
that are going to resi st writing through sheer 30 me, thi rd mode
inertia and it is up to you to keep pushing $3.50 30 me to 50 me
t hem until th ey move to help our h obb y in
spite of t hemselves. Her e is your golden oppor- All crystals fo r am ateu rs are
tunity to do something positive to keep ham AR 20 set a t 20 mm fd, h erm eticall y
radio going in 1964. sealed with pi ns optional :
AME Ri CAN
The member s of the I nter st a te and F or eign K.C.6.MO. .050" (CR·l) ; .093" ( FT-
Commerce Com mi ttee are : w a rren G. Mag - 241/ 3 ) ; .125" (HC-6); '12"
nuson ( \Vashi n gton); John O. Pastore ( Rhode centers.
Island ); A. S. Mike Mcnroney (Oklahoma) ;
George A. Smathers ( F lorida); Strom Thur- Citizens Band transmitter crystals in stock
for t he Following equipmen t : JR-BOO, 761A,
mond (Sou th Carolina); Frank J . L au sche CDl. GWIO, CD5, CDlOO, CD IOOA.
( Ohio) ; Ralph W . Yarborough (Texas); Clair TR330, C27, AT20, Messenger, MK7.
Engle (California); E. L. Bob Bartlett R2700, TR91O, 27C2. ED27, CR1l7,
(Alaska); Vince Har tke ( Indiana); Gale W. C DD5. en , RP1l5 , CD27, TECT. Guar-
McGee <,Vyom ing ); A ndrew F. Schoeppel anteed .004i of nominal : 83.00.
( Ka nsas) ; J oh n Ma r shall Butler ( Ma ryland):
Norris Colton (New H a mpsh ir e ) ; Clifford P .
Case (N ew Jersey); Thurston B. Morton A'MERICAN CRYSTAL CO.
( Kentucky); H ugh Scott (Pennsylvania). P. O. BOX 2366 • KANSAS CITY 42. MO.
(Turn t o pag e 74)

OCTOBER 196/ 71
 for many amateur applications, a U5-volt, 1
kv-a Variac may be used to control a 230-volt,
2 kv-a load.
Figure I shows how a 115-volt, Ii-ampere
Variac may be used to control a l-kw rectifier.
In the usual case, it is not necessary that the
voltage be adjustable all the way to zero. Here,
the Variac is connected across half of the 230-
volt line, with the 230-volt primary of the
plate transformer connected between the out-
out of the Variac and the ot her s ide of the
230-volt line. It is necessary that no neutral
connection be made to the center tap, if any,
of the transformer primary.
•• Rather than being built into this r ectifier,

•• the Variac is located remotely and connected

into the cir cuit via a terminal board, to which
the necessary power line connections are
brought. \Vith the Variac conn ect ion shown,
Maximum the output of th e rectifier may be varied from
50- to 100-percent of the rated output of the
transformer. \Vith the usual 30 % over-voltage
connection of the Variac, the output is ad just-
Utilization from able from 50- to U5-percent of rated.
Figure 2 shows how the remote Variac, ap-
pearing in Fig'. 1, may be mounted on its own
Variacs panel, together with convenience outlets and
an ac voltmeter, plus a switch , so that the
Variac may be used to control the remote load,
Tom Snyder W4CA G t he convenience outlets, or both, as circum.
Ro ute I, BOK 28bN st ances may require. Separate fu ses, or circuit
Titusville, Hcride breakers, as shown in the figures, are desirable,
since the rectifier and the Variac are each pro-
tected for all configurations. The convenience
REMOTE VARIAC TB outlets shown are the n ew NEMA a-wire
1151230 V ground ing receptacles, wh ich will accept either
PLATE XFMR
, SACB t he older two-wire parallel blade ac plugs or
the newer, more desirable grounding plugs.
Most power tool s are now corning equipped
C-o- __ . 3 with grounding plugs which provide a third
wire for ea r t hground con nection of th e ap-
pl iance frame.
Figure 3 s hows how a Variac may be
mounted within the apparatu s whi ch it is pri-
marily intended to ser ve, but st ill power a con-
venience outlet, ei the r sepa ra tely from , or in
conj unct ion with , t he main loa d.

HUBBElL731!
=----.J
7327
L--<Y'! jilE IISV
"0----- I
250 V 204

TO
PL 4 - -
, I
CB
{I:~S~.;'_~ __-"t";:';'--~
2
a Ha m finally takes billfold in hand
W H EX
and goes out to acquire his fir st adjust-
XF MR
3
able line-volt age tran sformer, the event repre- o-----IT ::;;~+---.-+---.-~
sents a significant milestone in his progress IISV
along the r oad of a mateu r exper ience and VARIAC
profic iency. Th is article proposes to show some
ideas on how a Va ri ac may be most effectivel y ·VARIAC
a nd flexibly used. In particular. it is a simple us V CON TROLLED
matter to get your Variac off the bench by CONVENIENCE CONVENIENCE
build ing it into apparatus which requires a
sour ce of variable line voltage, but still to re-
OUTLET
- OUTlET

tain its capability of controlling soldering iron If 51 is shorting type, breaker must be open
before c.ha nging switch position. If not it will
heat, testing unknown tran sformers, etc. Also, open itself, but contacts on 5 1 will be burned.

72 73 MAGAZINE
 5-3 a-I Give Your Shock
PI JI That Professional
HleBEL L 1484 7486 115V VARIAC
Look
1J5V Reo!ly drenes up the shack. Wa ll or ta b le mc vm, ~ ,eel
co se in b lock or g rey, bright red le tte rs a n white back-
ground. 10112" x 3lf2" x 3" . Available in o t he r len-
gouges, with yo ur coli leiters, or whot do you wont it to
-•
"A
-• v
'--tt...--...,,....J
say? • • • a dollar extra. AC/DC 6·12·120... (specify).
Can shine out bock w indow of your car ot nig ht ,
moun I on your rig, outside shock d oor, o r where be....
NEUT II,. you.
J'
at your distributor
VARIAC
CONTROLLED
CONVENIENCE
OUTLET ,,, STELLAR ELECTRONICS, Box B2. Gorlond, Tex.
,
"'
CONVEN IENCE ,,,
OUTLET
F-, ,
.-, $385.00 for your
In case pan el spa ce does not permit two
Collins 32V-3
conven ience ou tlets, a s are used in the circuit see page 13
of Fig. 2, but it is st ill desired to provide on e
outlet at full line voltag e plus another con-
t rolled by t he Variac, some models of the dual
outlets contain a r emovable link wh ich will
permit the isolation of the two circ uits . The
neut r a l and ground rema in s common to the
two sect ions of the dual outlet.
Th e photogra ph sho ws a cou ple of pieces of " HAM HEADQUARTERS, USA"
equipment t hat I have bu ilt and which employ
cir cu its described above. The upper unit is a
low-voltage h igh -curr ent su pply, in wh ich t he EDDYSTONE
primary fun ction of th e Vari ac is to adju st
t he input voltage t o the rectifier t r a nsformer .
However, th is r ect ifier is used only f or battery
ch ar g ing or occasional experiments with direct-
cu r rent , and to avoid u nnecessarily tieing up
th is Ii-amp Variac, I added the convenience out-
lets shown. The lower panel mounts a l Ifi-volt
20-ampere Variac whose primary functi on is
cont r olli ng the output of a plate power su pply
for a 4-400A r ig , but which is also made avail-
able f or odd jobs. . .. W 4CAG

GEARED SLOW MOTION DRIVE

Fo r Ama teur Ro dio & Communications
Meter Shunt W indi ng RECEIVERS" TRANSMITTERS
A high grade assembly, flywheel loaded, monufoctured
to fine tolerances, pro vides a smooth positi.... dr ive
Trouble making shunts for meters? One big wi th a re d uctio n ra tio of 110: 1. The ...e rnier wi th its 100
d ivisions ro tates 5 ti me s f o r o n. pointe r t re verse, g iving
problem is in anchoring the end of the wire. 500 divisions w ith positive reset read ing s. A com adj ust·
Solderless lugs are the a nswer here. Clamp one ment o n the ve rnier onures correct zero setting. A spring
looded jo cke y orm mo in toins te nsio n of t he pointer drive.
end of the wire in a solder less lug and attach Overoll dimensions 9-t\" x 53A " .
it to one terminal of the meter. Slide another Manufactured by PRICE $1650 NET
lug on the wire and attach it to the other Stratton & Co., Ltd. (Ed d ysto ne) •
Birmingham, England Postpoid
term inal. You can set up your meter and slide
the shu nt wire through the lug until you get D istriblftrd by
the right r eading and then clamp down the BRITISH RADIO ELECTRONICS, LTD.
lug. 1833 Jeffe rson Place, H.W.
WASHINGTON 6, D. C•
. . . K8BYO

OCTOBER 1961 73
 X-sistor Sym bol s
I n a previou s issue of 73 , tran sis tor sy mbols
were given. One important t hi ng to add f or
newcomer s to transi stors who get mixed up on
polarity a nd ru in a unit or tv..-o is t o remember
t his. The m iddle letter, i.e., N PN or p ~p will
tell you t he polarity t hat goe s to the collector ,
neg. or pos. . .. I\ ~VQY

W2NSD fr om pa g e 7 J
August Votes
$225 0 0
Complete with brackets for "In - tower" mountlna: Enou gh r ea ders sent in votes fo r u s to get a
and direction Indicator. fairly vague idea of which a r ticle was held
• Worm cut Into terae. one-pIS.<;8 steel Jack shaft . in least disda in. The Nuvis tor conve rter ar-
0/. ' th ick g ea r w elded t o m a in' shaft and specia lly
bobbed . No key s, no sc rews, no pins t o work loose . t icle won, j ust as Nu vistor m-t icles almos t
• Hla:h streneth rotor w it hs ta nds 12 . 0 0 0 in ch invar iably win. Good gr- ief, we must be selli ng
po u n d s . Ab so lute ly will not d ri ft o r pi nwheel in
high wind . a lot of those lit tle thimbles for RCA. I su r e
• Hieh torque, 'k H. P. custo m built G. E. motor. 1':4 wish one of our advert isers would come out
R. P. M. turn ing speed .
• Continuous rotation in e it her direction with 50 with a competing prod uct. Hey G.E., how
oh m c o a x fee d sys tem t h ro ug h r ot or. 50 ·239 ahout a Gnu vi st or ? K6Y CX's article on the
con nectors.
Rod io Indu51rie l Inc. unco ndi tio na lly g ua ra ntees 0 11 Dr ake receive}' ranked second and possibl y
p ro ducts a gainst ony defect in ma te ria l o r workme n - g ave a bit of a boost to th e Dra ke advertise-
shi p for a perio d of 90 d o ys . ment which r a n away with th e vote s fo r the
SEE YOUR DISTRIBUTOR
most interest ing a d of the mont h. Anyt ime an
RADIO INDUSTRIES INC ed itor of a ham magazine sta r ts to wonder
1307 CENTRAL AVENUE
(305 41
KANS.... CITY, KANSA. about whether he should ru n articles about new
equ ipment he shou ld not e our Aug ust issue
an d the over 1500 votes fo r the Drake a r t icle.
KNOX KNOCK-OUTS
--- - --- - .po - - - -"""""'"-
You fe llows who grumble about these articles
j ust r epeating t he adver tising li ter atu re had
USED EQUIPMENT bet ter do somet h ing to po pu larize your position.
Fall House GONSEl 0-66 wi th 3~9 T he September voti ng st ar ted off ligh t , with
Cleaning Time Pr o Spy. (l 2V D.C. &
A.C. W I sp kr).
nov Sili con Rectifi ers by WI OOP and t he Staff
GONSEl a.rr with 311 7 Crystal Oscillato rs almost even and the
NEW EQUIPMENT Pro Sply. (12V & 6V D.C .
ond Mod. ).
Stmplescope close beh ind. Get those ca r ds in
l - G ONSET GS8-1 oo .. $485
l - B&W lPA -1 .. _ $365 Comple te wi th Cobles 5295 quickly if you haven 't sent t hem yet . The
RME 4350A .. • . . . .. . $195 Central Electroni cs ad is already so far out
l -B&W LPS-I $200 V IKING II $175
LP.A. -I & lPS ·' $555 B&W 51$ 8 5185 ahead th at t he re is n o poss ible question about
who won t hat little contes t .
ELECTRONIC SUPPLY INC.
KNOX 67 N . CHERRY ST.
GALESBURG, Ill. • PHONE DI 2_3191
T ea r the card out of thi s issue and get it
in right away. Don't (sob !) forget to fill in
<:.II th o ~e advertiser s~u a re s too . Ahem.

. ,
", 0 .....· 1

...
,
I
. L
L
.. c " .
..... "
t ' U ~ rI

•
Suul ... "'" I'«
~4ed1UM'

11-. 62 e...fo? ."

+.ro - I. W. MILLER COMPANY
I.e. Ang.la 3. California
5917 South M<rin Str•• t
__ tJl,tNtit.tIe ;
.,
74 13 MAGAZINE
Salvaging
Surpl us Speakers ~

of the most common faults of the ,U\\?tU, \\~OIU

O NE
garden-variety sma ll PM loudspeaker is
COl\~l\\~.~~l\U~t
a punctured cone. Since cost of reconing such
.....
a s pea ker is alm ost a s high a s that of replac- .,.
ing' t he entire u ni t, ser v ice-shop j unkboxes are
usually fa irly full of these unit s.
, ...- ". , • •
_' 0. ' ' ." ~
If used nor ma ll y, they produce st r ang e and
•
ann oying r a t tl es and squ eaks. However, these •
s peaker s can be s alvaged. Here's how:
If t wo or more s pea ker s are mounted in the -'-.
sa me enclos u r e, in fai r ly close proximity t o
eac h other , t hey will a ct as if they were actu-
all )' just one la rge s peaker . Audio power ap-
pli ed to th em will be divided equa lly among
t he various spea kers , and the power applied N ew Volum e III
to each individual unit for a given amount of
sou nd will be correspondingly reduced.
SURPLUS RADIO
r CONVERSION MANUAL
-gives new conversi on data, instructions,
and diagrams for putting surplus
equ ipment to practical use.
Conten ts include:
iOI -A; AN/APN -l ; AN / CRC-i ; AN / URC-4;
ARA; BC-442. 453-455. 456 -459. 603. 696. 950,
1066.1253 ; CBY-29125. 50083. 5014 1. 52208-11 .
52232, 52302 -09 ; FT-24 IA ; MBF (COL -43065);
MD -ilARC-5; R-9/APN -4; R23 -R28/ARC-5;
RAT ; RAV; RM-52(53); RT -19/A RC -4 ; SCH-
2i4N ; SCR-522; T -15/ARC-5 10 T-23/AHC -5.
For l i st of co n t e n t s of vors I and II . send
sta m ped , addressed envelope. $3.00 per volume
·Ord.r Irom JOUr fnorile e le-etronic p.rts d istributor.
If he cannol supply, send us his name and your
remittance. and we will supply; foreign, add 10%.

~
SUMME RL AND 8, CALIFO RNIA
~ OnIon : El ectroni c di stributors, onler '''"' U~.
\&. Book~I OI' es . librari es . newsdealen Ol" der 'rom
At th e lower power levels thus made possible, ;0;;: Baker & Tay lor, Hi ll sid e , N. J . Export (en .
Cu nlld1'l ) , m 'er 'rom H. J. Snyder Co.. 44 0
t he rattle s and squea ks caused by the punc- P a rk Ave. So .. N.Y . 16.
tured cones don't show up. T hese effects are
noticeabl e only when the speaker is operating
near maximum rated power.
As an example, both the s peakers shown in
the photo have su ffered cone damage. A mend-
$365.00 for you r
ing-t a pe patch on one cone is obvious in t he
picture. However, with both in a sin gle box,
t hey ca n absorb the full IO-wat t out put of the
Gonset Communicator
modified Super-Pro without a s ing le squawk. see page 13
Either s pea ker , alone, b egins to rattle at about
the two-watt level.
The trick isn't limited to just two speaker s ;
any number can be conn ected together. Voice
coils can be con nected in series, in parallel,
or in a series-parallel arrangement to obtain
whatever imnedance level you de sire.
.• • K5.TKX /6 " HAM HEADQUARTER S, USA"

OCTO BER 1961 75

 Jim Kyle KSJKX/6
COMPARE-THEN-BUY
Model C-9 Crystal
Calibrator 100 KC-
$8 73 • Construction
ppd.
HARVEY·WEllS Plug-in-type
A LSO
most Harvey-Wells re pair parts st ill N ca se you haven't noticed, we're strongly
availa ble. W rite tod ay for more infor- I in favor of homebrew equipment. 'Ve firm-
mation. ly believe that if more hams built more equip-
ment, not only the individual amateur but our
SPENCER AMATEUR RADIO hobby as a whole (and indirectly, the nation
145 MAIN STREET SPENCER, MASS. and the world) would be better off.
Tile newest all amateur radio store in Mass. However, being realists as well, we fully un-
derstand that many (we might say a majority)
of the amateur population, 1961 model, have
never built anything more complex than the
$315.00 for your simples t of code-oscillator kits.
This is no indictment of the poor ham s-

Johnson Ranger until now, there's been little emphasis on the

fun of do-it-yourself equipment construction.
And for a number of reasons, nearly all con-
see page 13 st r uct ion articles have taken for granted the
reader's experience in the fine points of home-
brewing.
This combination of events makes it a bit
rough to get st a r ted on the homebrewing trail;
either you have to follow only the simplest
direction s in the "for-Novices-only" depart-
ments of other magazines, or you have to take
" HAM HEADQUARTERS, US A" your chances on some inexperienced guesses
if you tackle equ ipment more to your liking.
AUTRONIC KE Y AND KEYER There's no need to let t he situation get the
best of you, t hough. After all, even the most
For Perfect, Faster CW experienced designers and homebrew artists
were beginners at this business once. With a
Send OSL or Postcard for full data.
simple gu idebook of do's and don'ts, to help
FREE TRIAL you avoid the not-so-obvious pitfalls, you
Fully transistorized, digi - should do excellently on your first try-and
tal circuit ry keyer elimi - giv ing you that guidebook is the purpose of
nates erratic sending . this article.
Precisicn . made key will Rather than giving a concise collection of
not walk; is fully adjust-
able. "Thou Shalt Not"s in the manner of certain
other publications which shall remain name-
E!ectrophysics Corp. less, we're going to try to break this art down
2500 West Coast Hwy. in a systema t ic manner and present the reason-
Newport Beach. Calif. ing behind each hint. This, we hope, will help
you reason out that infinite number of cases
Subscriptions which we can't cover here (because we can't
foresee exactly where you'll have troubles on
As announced a few months ago, clubs may any specific project).
send in group subscriptions at the rate of A good starting point, for any project, is
$2.50 per one year subscription in groups of in the choosing of a chassis. The purpose of a
five or more subscriptions. These subs must chassis is primarily to hold the other compo-
start with the next published issue and be for nents of the equipment in a fixed position;
just one year. Orders for back issues should frequently, it al so serves as a partial shield.
be sent in separately. By simplifying the pro- At the supply houses, chassis come in two
cedure we can offer this reduced rate. basic materials, with two types of finishes for
The regular subscription rate is $3 per year; each. You can get steel or aluminum, either
$5 for two years; $4 per year for DX operators painted or unpainted.
outside North America. All back issues are In addition, you can build your own from
50¢ each. Send your name, call and address to sheet "tin" (really tin-plated iron), aluminum,
73 magazine, 1379 E. 15th St., Brooklyn 30, copper, or even heavy cardboard (November
New York. Include money. issue.)

76 73 MAGAZINE
 ' , Give A Looh
Do's and D ants KTV Hy_Track tow er, are now loca led in th. follow-
ing areos:
Bosto n Rich mo nd, Mkh,
Stomford Chicago
Passaic Shelbr,ville, III,
Troy, N. Y. Linea n, Ne b.
Cleveland Ogden
Each of these materials has its own set of To le d o Albany, Ga.
Jacksonville
advantages and drawbacks; which you choose If you'd like to see what they look like just drop a
will be determined by the nature of your pro]- card a nd we 'll send Ihe call and OTH where you can
ect. see it.
In general, you want to choose a material
s tr ong enough to hold the weight of all the
P.O. Box 294 • Sullivon, 111.
parts that will be mounted on it, workable (S.... our ad On pa«" 6, .IIa r c h , 73 Ua«.)
enough to be easy to handle, and having the
proper electrical qualities to best serve on a
particular project.
For heavy transformers and the like, steel
is almost a necessity. For most equipment, if
you're using a store-boughten chassis, alumi-
NUVISTORPRE-AMPLIFIER
num is adequate and much more easily worked. COMPLETE W I TH 6C W4 .
POWER CORD A N D STAND -
For small transistor projects, cardboard is ARD SO - 239 RF CONNEC-
ideal. TORS FOR EASY I N STA LLA-
Those electrical properties mentioned a TION .
while back have to do primarily with shield-
ing. In audio work you want to steer clear of
s teel and iron because they carry magnetic
$1390
fields and can introduce much myster ious hum, FEATURES!
E ither copper or a lum inum is fine. Natu rally, 1. Available for the 6, 2 and I V. meier
if the chassis must provide shielding, it must bands. \lihen ordering, specify band.
be of metal.
We haven't said much about building your 2. A low noise and high gain pre-am·
own chassis. If you do, copper is a n excellent plifier th at will improve yo ur present
material, as is brass. Bot h of t hese t ake solder recept io n.
readily, while aluminum is rather difficult to
make a good solder joint to even with the new 3. T wo tuned ci rcuits th at will matc h
aluminum solders. your present input and outpu t system.
With a chassis chosen, one of the next items CON N. RESIDENTS ADD 3112% S·\L ES TAX. PO STAGE
to consider is the choice of tube socket types , PREP AID ON CASH O RDERS W ITHIN THE U. S. A.
The choice is wide : You have bakelite, low-
loss mica-filled, phenolic wafers, ceramic, tef- DESIGN ERS AND MANUFACTURERS O f AMATE UR,
COMMERCiAL AND MILITARY PROD UCTS IN THE
lon, and a host of others. w hich should you SPECTR UM OF so TO SOO Mes.
use?
Surprisingly enough, for all except high- A SSOCI ATES
power transmitters the si mple phenolic wafer
socket is one of t he best, W ith this socket, you
can make direct ground connections by foldi ng
VH F UHF _ P. O. BOX 106B
FAIRFIELD. CONN.

down the metal tab and bonding it to the

chassis. The improvement in performance Reyco Multiband Antenna C oils
gai ned t hrough elimination of inadequate Tro p s for dipo les • . • high strengt h • • • mois tu re
ground ing more than makes u p fo r any losses proof g uo rcmleed to ha nd le a full KW.
introduced by the cheap socket. Model KW.40 co ils wi ll, wi th a 108 foot a nte n no,
provide operat ion on 10 -1 ,5 ·20 ·40 ·80 . $12 .50 sel.
At higher power levels, ceramic is the ma- for information o n o ther models wrilel
terial to use. It's virtually the only one that fRED L. REYNOLDS W2VS , 492 Ra venswood Ave.,
won't be harmed by excessive heat, and high- Ro~ h. sler 19. New York

power stages can generate several hundred de-

grees in the socket areas.
For dc and audio circuits, and to a lesser HAM SHACK NOVELTY
degree for rf stages, turret sockets such as A urh enric-leoklng, two-color certificate claiming tongue-
in-cheek owne rship of an ac ne on the Moon's surface
those built by Eby and Vector are excellent. Ideal gift or con ve rsa tio n pi ece for shack, bar, den or
They allow each stage to be assembled as a office. (See P g, 119-Jan. 61 , CQ.) W ith gold seal and
name and call in scribed only $1.00 each. Six for $S.OO.
unit on the bench, before being installed in Send check or M.O, to-
final position. The exact point in the frequen- BOX DXG. 173B - 201 St•• Bayside 60. N. Y.
cy spectrum where the losses exceed the ad-

OCTOBER 196 1 77
vantag-es differs from project to project, but each oth er, and that all signa l leads can gn
it's sa fest to u se conventional socket s any- straight to their destinations. Failure to ob-
where above a bout 7 rnc. se r ve this point can result in many hours of
Your choice of tran sformers will probably sea r ch ing for troubles that seemingly can't
be determined mainly by design requirements. possibly ex ist -but do!
However, tran sformer placement is sometimes By now, we're up to the maj or comp onents:
critical a nd somet imes not. It's critical wh en- coil s, capacitors, and r esistors. Since each of
ever you're dealing with low-level audio or these is available in many different styles, the
with cathode-ray tubes (including sheet-beam choice of which type to use is frequently per-
and manic-eye types), sin ce stray magnetic plexing.
field s introduce all sor ts of troubles into these Let's look at resistors fir st (they're sim-
circuit s. The r est of the time, s imply put 'em plest) . Here, we have only t wo maj or types
where they' ll fit and forget them . available: composition, and wire-wound. Less
In critical circuits, it's best to breadboard widely available and higher in price are de-
the circuit in a s close to final form a s you can, posited-carbon types.
before mounting the tran sformers. Then, with A good rule to follow in choosing resistors
the unit operating ( D A NG E R-HI GH VOL- is t o u se the composition type at all times,
TAGE!) position the tran sformer for mini- except in power circuits where the wattage
mum effect on th e rest of the equipment. Mark rating needed is available only in wire-wound.
the posit ion , turn the gear off, and tie the The r eason for thi s is that wire-wound re-
chu nk of iron down in place. aistors have inductance a s well a s resi stance,
About that verb "breadboard" we used: it's and in any rf circuits this makes them un -
a carryover from the earliest da ys of radio, predictable. If you st a nda r dize on composition
when most chassi s a ctually did sta r t life as unit s, you won't have t r oubles with wire-wound
bread boards of t he kitche n variety. As used un its some how snea king into your projects.
now, it means a nyth ing fr om making a bench One exception to this rule is that occasional-
lash-up of a t r ial cir cuit to a se mi-fi n al ver- ly, a project calls f or wire-wound resi stors.
s ion of fini shed equ ipment. The di stinguish- Whenever thi s happen s, th e text will explain
ing thing about a breadboard circuit is that why-usually, it's to take advantage of their
it's not mean t for performance but to find out two-in-one quality. But in general, it's sa f est
how it'll work. As we used it , it means a semi- to s t ick with composition r esistors at all times
fina l version of th e equipme nt, needing only unless a proj ect s peci fica lly direct s other wise.
the mounting' of the tra nsformers to be com- Now to coils-the next simplest . Here, we
plete and fi na l. have sever al choices. we can u se air-wound
Going down our list , we come to wiring. This coil s such as Air-Dux or Miniductors (or simi-
seems s imple, but it hide s many pitfalls-such lar home-built items), air-core coils wound
as the time one of the editors shielded the grid on tubing f orms, or slug -t u ned types. In the
leads of hi s fi nal amplifier and di scovered the slug -t uned category, we have the choice of
rf had went! brass or ferrit e core slugs.
Basically, wire comes in sever al sets of cate- At thi s point, we're treading on the edge
gor ies : bare an d insu lated, solid and st r a nded, of some very thin ice, since variation s in char-
sh ielded and un shielded, etc., etc. The problem acteristicss of coils can make a great effect
is : which typ e do I use where? in performance of the finished item. By far
In th e interests of TV I-proofing, it's best to the sa fest course is to follow the recommen-
wi r e all power-carry ing circuits with shielded dation of t he designer-but what if you hap-
wir e. This m eans filament lines, B + leads, pen to be the designer?
bias lines. and the like. These are the basic characteristics of the
Signal-carrying leads, though, take differ- variou s types of coil s: Air-wound-c-lew rf loss,
ent treatment. If the signa l is de, you can use fixed inductance value, poor thermal stability.
sh ielding . If it's low-level AF in8'u la t ed shield- Air-core wound on forms-higher rf loss than
ing is a mu st. High-level ac in th e audio range air-core, fixed inductance, good thermal stabil-
ca n be s hiel ded or not a s you like, while all ity if properly designed. Slug-tuned-highest
r f leads shou ld be bare wire if possible. rf loss, variable inductance, fair to good ther-
Incidentally, if you like neatness you can mal stability. In addition, the Q of a slug-tuned
lace your wir ing into a harness; however, rf coil with the proper core is much higher than
wiring should ne ver be cabled. Any lead car- that of an air-core inductor.
rying rf sho uld go directly to its destination In the category of slug-tuned coils, the
a nd sho uld be kep t as far a s possible from choice is between brass and ferrite cores. Brass
all other wi n'S. This get s difficult in a crowded cor es lower the inductance as the core is in-
chassi s, but it's one of the key rules for avoid- ser ted into the winding, while the ferrite s
ing in stability. raise the inductance. Exact choice of a core
Incidentally, aga in, when you mount tube is best made by checking manufacturer's lit-
sockets you can prevent many later troubles erature, looking particularly at the recom-
by s imply making cer t ai n that the pins are mended frequency range. Bras s is usable a t
)0'0 orie nted that no sig nal-car r ying leads cross almost any frequency. but the fer-rites work

78 13 MAGAZINE
 best only over a n a rrow b and which varies
f r om core to core.
Be su r e to k eep coils away from metal ob-
jects including the chassis an d any shielding,
or if you can't do t his then a llow for the ef -
fects of t he metal. This usu ally lowers the
inducta nce and increases t he d istribu ted
ca pacity; it's sa fest to dip the coil t o fr equen-
cy afte r it's in the ci r cu it- t h is t akes car e of
I
all the uncalc ulatabl e va riables wh ich ch an ge 2 · WAY RADIO TEST SET I
coil charac terist ics. Comb i nation C ryst a l C b ccko-, I
Finall y, by a p r ocess of elimination, we HI" S ianal a n d F i('ld Strcna r h I
mctcr. o-r.o 1l111 . meter for final I
come to capacitors (freq uently ca lled conden- amplifier t.umng, UIW as HI" out -
sers, an obsolete term). T hese come in many put indicator. Check s a c ti vi t y o n I
third overtone t r arrsmit t er c r y a - I
kinds , and confusion is rampant even among t als - check s Iu nd a m ent a l a rrd
experienced builders as to where and when to hi/: h overtone c r ys t a ls e t. funda - I M od e l SOO- wi red
mental freq uen cy. I'o.....{"red by I
use which. t .....o1.5V . .. Cv c e ns. I Bnd factory tested
$2 51 .51 5 Net

-- ;,-;;;~
T he major t ypes incl ude paper, m ica, ce-
ramic, silver -m ica , electrolytic, vacuum , and
TRAN SMI TTER TESTER ;
glass ca pacitors. T r imm er s a r e av ailable in
F o r lo w power t re nsmit rcrs u p to I
mica, cera mic, a nd glass-p iston varieties. . W O M e . Cnlibr- nt r-d for direct
E lectr olyti c ca pacitors are limited t o m e- perc o n t a uc r £Oad i u g of a m pli t ude I
m od ulat io n; 0 -;; WIIt.t1l H F o ut put; I
dium- an d low-volta ge power sup ply circuits , 0 · 4 0 () rn a . H F output. C o n nec t io n I
s ince t hey have h igh losses. T he other types, provided fo r h e a d phones or scope. I
Optiona l "'1'" pad a t t e n u a t .or
howe ver, a re more or less in t er ch an geable- Complete with all ne ces-
a d a p ts to t r e n amit ter-s ra ted u p I sa ryca ble s and "d"ptors
more freq ue ntly less t ha n mor e. to 50 watts. I ModeI S l O- $ 46.95 Net
P a per capacitors are most su it able for audio ,
use, where they are employed for bypassing AN TEN N A T EST ER I
power leads and for sign al coupling. I
Mica capacitors formerly were the standard
For ,,0 o h m c oa xla l line a p plic ll
tinns . Himplifif'd di rect r ea di n g
!<Cales for HWB An tenna System
9 I
I . k"'I·
t w.J'
for rf work. T hey have been largely sup-
planted by ceramic types, but with the ceram-
Efficiency ( r eud in percent a n d a
(;ood-I'oo rllc llle) . Forward Po .....e e-
I
I ..
ics you have to watch your step. Most of t hem a n d Itertected Power. In!4tru m e n t I .....,;.~.... "
i use rtio n 101111 i!4 IIL'Jdi ~i b l e up to I '\.-."""",,- ~ ­
have a wide r tole r a nce spread t ha n most other I liO me. l'O W I' r r u nxos are 0- 10, I Compo wi th i n st ru c t io n s
capaci tor s ( man y are only GMV , wh ich m ean s
the val ue marked on t h em is th e mi nimu m hu t
the max imum is u nknown). T he type NPO
- ATTENU ·lOAD
-- .i---------
n -t 0 0 and 0 .1000 wa t t!4 muxi mu m .

I
I M od el 520 -S42 .515 N e t

ceram ic capacitor, however, is available in 5 I

Dua l puq><>IW ;'0 "hm-r,o w a t t I
percent tolera nce and can be subst it ut ed fo r un it -ten dh "T" pad a t ten ua toe
roduces po .....t·r le vels hy 10 to 1 I
a ny mica un it. r atio . . . plu s fully s bielded 50 I
Silver-mica capacitors are s pecia lly pro- oh til te rmination for c o a x ial ca ble
a " l' lica t ion.~. Noninduct a nce re-
I
cessed, and if they are called for no subst it u - s is t a nce fo ad h ank for low Ire- I
tions should be made. T hey have excellent rf quen ctee as .....1,'11 a R V HF to 160 I M od e l 5 l lA
m c . \"·i t h SO- 2:l!l coa x ial jac ks for I $2L50 N e t
properties, and h old their value under condi- input a n d o utput .
I
tions which would destroy most other types .
HO\....ever, g lass capacitors can be used in
place of silver mica s. Since g lass u n it s are con- SECO TUBE TESTERS:
---,-----
s ider ably more ex pensive, t h er e's n o rea son GRID CIRC UIT TUBE TE STER - f u ll I D YN A M I C TRAN SI S_
to make th e substit u t ion. TV t u be cove rage _ M O D EL G CT·51 I TOR CHECKER- t es t s
$ 32.515 net PNP a n d N P N t y p e s-
F or gener a l rf bypa ssing, t he ti ny d isc ce- G RID C I R C U I T AND TUBE MERIT I Model 100 $1 51.95 net
T ESTER - f u ll TV tube co ve raRe- M o d el I
r a mic has n o equa l up to about 150 me. Its
flat- plate construction holds ind uct ance t o a ~~~ P·LETE· ·T~~E TESTER $~:~~~ ~:~ I BA TT ER Y ElIMINA .
n ermc Mutual Conduc ta nce, Ca th od e I TOR - f o r t ran sist or
minimum ; a paper unit of sim ilar rating will Em Ission and Tube Me..t ---i nClu des Grid
CIrc uI t Test- M O D EL 10 7 $1 3 51 .5 0 net
equipment-yield s 0
I to 15 V. D C from 105·
be almost completely ineffective at freque ncies I 12 5V. 60 cycle AC-
Sf'f" you r df'olf'r or send cou pon . ~ M od elPS-2$1 3 .51S n e t
above about 3 me. In addition, because of its
--------------~--------I
t iny s ize, t he ceramic can fit int o almost any I ~ S ECO ELECTRONIC S INC. I
spa ce. If poss ible, it sh ou ld be positioned across I Jt~ 50 15 Pen n Ave . S.• Minn ea po lis 10. M in n . I
a t ube socket to help shiel d input from output I Pl e ase send me f ull m tc rrne uon o n M ode l I
connections. 1 0 5 0 0 0 5 10 0 5 2 0 O S I I A 0 10 7 0 78 I
I 0 GCT·9 0 10 0 0 PS·2
Above 150 mc, the but ton-t ype ceramic ca- I FR EE Sellin g an d In sta lling Citizens Band Equipment Bul ltllm "
paci tor comes into play. ' Vit h no exter nal I N am e I
leads, it ha s almost n o in du ctance a t all, allow- I A dd r e s s I
ing it to per f orm effect ively u p to abou t 500 I Sta t e I
me.
In trimmer capacitors, t he ceramic type is

OCTO BER 19b1 79

 - - - -- - - - -----------

recommended because mica trimmers tend to out tube types which are as close as possible
change capacity with changes in the weather to the ones originally called for in such char-
{glass-piston types are nice but expensive and acteristics as input and output capacity, vol-
limited in maximum value). The NPO variety tages, transconductance, and amplification.
holds its setting regardless of temperature or If it's a match in everything but the socket
humidity; temperature compensating types are connections, the substitution will probably
also available but should be used with caution. work.•..
So far, we've examined capacitors, induc- We hope this listing helps you get started
t ors, resistors, wiring, tube sockets, tran sfor- on your own homebrewing project. Undoubted-
mers, and the chassis itself. About all that we ly, you have many more questions that we have
haven't discussed is the choice of tubes or tran- provided answers for. If you can't figure them
sis tors. out from the hints given here, drop us a line
In case you're wondering, that's something - and if the question is of wide enough in-
we're not going to di scuss at this time. The terest, and enough of you have such queries,
r eason is sim ple-c-It 's worth an entire article we'll undoubtedly run a sequel. In any event,
in itself. If you can't wait, though, here's a you'll get a direct an swer.
hint: invest in a good tube manual and pick • •. K5JKX /6
it is a simple matter to touch them up to
bring tuning right on the button.
If you need to change any of the dots later,
Instant such a s would be required for a new antenna,
the dots may be removed with dope thinner
Band or fingernail polish remover, then replaced in
the new position.
Change An advantage of this system is that visiting
hams are able to tune your rig with no danger
of burning out the fragile scr eens in those
M ANY types of amateur operation, espe- expensive little 6146 finals, or tuning up on a
wrong harmonic.
cially contest work, put a premium on
being able to change bands with a minimum If you want to use a system such as this
loss of time. One approach to this problem with temporary, easily-removed markings, use
is a multiple-transmitter and -receiver instal- different color grease pencils. Grease pencils
lation, which is quite expensive. Another may be bought in enough different colors to
approach is to build transmitter with band- color-code the usual 160 through ten meter
pass exciters, broad-band tuning, etc. This, transmitter, and may be removed by rubbing
still, requires a little more work to build than them off with a soft cloth.
a conventional transmitter. ... Al Brogdon K3KMO /W4UWA
But all is not lost! Here is a simple idea
that can be applied to any transmitter, horne-
brew or commercial, DX-20 to Thunderbolt.
Model airplane dope may be purchased in a
variety of colors. Some model shops carry Equipment
assortments of eight colors plus thinner and
brush for about 75t. Simply take one color Refinishing
for each band and color-code the tuning con-
trols. If you are careful, and do a neat job,
Although most quality communications
it adds a nice touch of color to your front equipment is fini shed to withstand long periods
panel without looking gaudy. of use, the time comes when the equipment
Start out by tuning up on your normal op- racks and cabinets should be repainted. Spot
erating frequ ency in one band (any band will painting will prevent exposed metal from ru st-
do). Using one color of dope, put a small ing although attempts at spot painting and
colored dot on each control, including the touch-up may actually harm the appearance
bandswitch, to indicate the proper setting. of the equipment.
Then do the same thing for each band, using At thi s juncture, it is wise to turn t o the
a different color dope for each band. experts. Your local auto-body shop is fully
After thi s is done, to hop to another band, equipped to perform just about any metal re-
you simply set the bandswitch in the correct fini shing job. The mechanics are experts in
position, note the color for that band and restoring mangled metal to its original shape,
set the controls on the matching color. Of matching colors and applying a finish, either
course, the tuning may shift slightly due to lacquer or enamel, that is indistinguishable
aging of components, changing antenna load, from the original. Give it a try. The cost is
etc., but with such a system you are able to reasonable and a hard, durable finish is always
set the controls to the approximate setting so obtained. • •• W4WKM

80 73 MAGAZINE
Writers Needed VI-IF ColhuM Arr(l)'s
fEATURES
No Talent • LIGHT WEIGHT
• MECHAN ICALLY BALAN CED
• HI GH fORWARD GA IN
• HIG H FRON T TO BACK RATIO
Necessary • LARGE CA PTU RE AREA
430 Me . 16 Elem ent $ 9.85
32 AND 6.4
elEMENT 220 Me . 16 Element $12.95
We will be publishing the 1962 Almanac- STACKING 144 Me. 16 Element $16.00
Yearbook-Ham Buyer's Guide about midway KITS
AV AI LABLE See you r distrib uto r or w rite fo r
between the November and December issues of fREE C ATALO G
73. This book will be sent to all s ubscr ibers and
I"'l"'" ""'"
wiII be available at radio part s distributors.
" 'e will have listings of t he postage rates
to all cou nt r ies of the world, QSL Bureaus,
call prefixes, and just about anything else we
can t hink of t hat is f r equen tl y needed. If you'll
r emember back to various things that you TELETYPEWRITER
looked up r ecently you'll probably be able t o
send in a cha rt, list, table, etc., that ot he rs EQUIPMENT • COLLINS
would find of value. This would get you a by- 5 1)2, 51)3 , R-390 A/URR Rece iver s ( .50-30 .5
lin e in the BG and m aybe a s mall gratuity, .lIe). T elet yp e Printers # 14, # 15, #19, # 20,
depending on how much work went into it. # 26, # 28. Kleinsch m id t Print ers # Tf-4A,
'IT-76, 'IT-98, 'IT.99, 'IT.IOO, GGC-3. Tele-
I! your club is planning an event for the write r Frequenc y Sh if t Conver ter. For general
coming year we'd sure like to list it. Maybe it information & e q u ip men t li st , write to TOM,
is a picnic, hamfest, convention, contest, etc. WI A F N , A L L T R ON ICS · 1l 0W A l lD C O.,
Let us know the details and the date. Bo x 19, Boston 1, l\lass. RIchmond 2-0048.
Prospective ad vertisers will find this BG the
best advertising media yet invented. The cost r----- -- - -- -- - -- -- - -
is a mere $150 per page (ever y 4th page free)
and we ex pect close t o 100,000 copies to be dis-
tributed. Send for rates and details. Junk Box
IO== = = == = ===iI Tips
To those who possess coax relays from a n
ARC 5 (28 volt DC) and plan to use it on a
Lifers s ma ll xmitter whose modulator is push pull
6AQ5's, 6V6's a nd etc. or a sing le 6L6, use
1) Lamon W h iddon K4MHY the wind ing a s t he cathode 'resistor' of t he
2 ) Arthur Vigilante W6QDD modulator tube s. If your B- is broken in rec.
3 ) Bill Ashby K2TKN position, th en in transmit t he mod. throws the
4) Ernest Pet er s W A21lLY r elay.
5 ) Roy King K2BNQ This has been in operation on a 2 meter
6) Ri chard John son KIQJD xmitter for 2 % years and st ill works.
7) Lee Borchardt W pWAW . . . KpVQY
Life s ubscr ipt ion : $30.00 f or the first
100 s ubscr ipt ions. Save those transformers from old rotor con-
trol units. You'll find uses for them. One is a
transistor power s up ply. \Vit h a bridge recti-
fier, you ca n get 30 volts plus a t more than
30 rna . plus. • .. KpVQY

U HF TV is gone for a lot of areas. There

JIM CLARK * Wl ULU are UHF converters (and probably) old TV
boosters also. A majority of these contain
KIT WIRI NG & T ESTING LABS a transformer t hat delivers 6.3 volts and 125
REPAIRS & SERVICE ON All MAKES Of HAM GEAR
AND volt s at 30 ma., that is isolated from the line.
TEST EQUIPMENT. CiT IZENS BAND GEAR & HI-fi Preamps, bias s up plies, sm a ll set s up ply and
2 Aiken St. T.l. HEmlock 2·3600 Derry. N. H.
All WORK GUARANTEED
a load of test g ear you can dream up can be
built around this. . .• KpVQY

OCTOBER 1961 81
 Em il Carp W3JXT
M ont qome rvville , Pe nnsylvania

Emcar 6
(fo r a P orsche)
coupl e of years ago I was intrigued by The receiver used was a Bend ix all-tran -
A the descrip t ion of how to buy a Porsche s istor broadcast set made es pecia lly for Volk s-
in German)' which appeared in an editorial wagens. I had a Tran scon s ix meter unit which
by Wayne Green. The sto ry influenced me to wa s easily modified to fit in the new package,
d o th e sa me. giv ing me a crystal controlled converter and
After su r mou nt ing the minor obstacle of a transmitter combina t ion . I had to lower all of
bess who didn't want to give me time off fe r the T r an scon t uning controls and cha nge the
t l.. .... Euro pean tri p by conv incing h im to come plate coil to a h orizon tal pos ition t o get it
a long a s my co-pi lot, all went s moot hly. T he into t he fla t ease. Th e vib rator power sup ply
car was waiting fo r me at the fa ctory and it was mou nted up front in t he luggage com-
wa s a dream to drive . W e traveled 4500 miles partment and relay controlled. I in stalled the
through Europe, enjoying every minute of it. tran si stor-condenser combination shown in
On ce the car was home, I sta r ted looking at Fig. 1 to su ppress any arcs a cross the contact
it critically with the idea of putting in a points . P erh ap s I'm a worry-wart, but I get
mobil e rig. P orsche ow ne rs, Volk swagen own- nervous when gas st a t ions spill gas into the
ers, and others who have to match wits with luggage compartment wh ile trying to get it
the restricted room problem may be nefit f r om into t he six inch wide raci ng spout on the gas
my sol ut ion . I fi tted everyth ing into a pack age tank.
4" high by 13%" wide a nd with a panel An S\VR un it was in corporated us ing a
on ly 2 % " high to s tick out from u nde r the Lafayette AM tu ning meter Tl\I12. The plastic
da shboard. case wa s cnrefuf ly opened an d the resistor
removed, leaving me ,..-it h a 50 ua movement.
I built th e res t of it u sing the H eath S\VR for
a model.
I used 1/ 16t h inch aluminum for the cabinet,
bending each s ide and using sheet metal screws
to faste n a ll the sections together. \Vith t he
a ddition of fia t bottom and top plates I had
a r igid case. H oles in t he pl ates prov ide ven-
til ation. .....
The set mounted in the car easily. A sma ll
angle bracket on each end fa stened t o the
bottom of the dash and a quarter_ inch bolt
secur ed the back end to a bracket attached to
the car . I used power plugs on t he ca bles so
I could take t he r ig out wheneve r I wanted
with just a couple min utes work.

82 73 MAGAZINE
 2N442
.2:5I11F
" COLLINS XMTR . & RCVR .
Coll ins RT- 9 1/ARC- 2, 2 - 6 mc AM 75
• wa tt transm itter ond re ce ive r. La te mode l
• a irc roft . Rc vr, has 3 RF stoges , ultra -
sen sitive . 20 tubes, VFO co ntrolled unit
with built in autotune and 24 vdc dyna -
LOAD
motor . Ha s 70EPTO an d 100 Kc crysta l
ca li bra tor . Pro 1625 fina l and pr 1625
T h is is no pl ace to go into ecstas y over t he modu la tors . Wi th schematic .,s' ~9 95
joys of mob ile hamm ing , so s uffice it t o sa y t he GO O D, USED .;J -
r ig wor ks fine and I wou ldn't be wit hout it .
The P or sch e is fabulou s a nd I p ity all you APX-6
poor cha ps who haven't had a chance t o try 12 15 mc tra nsmitte r &. rcv r, Cons is ts of
the breed. . .. W3J XT supe rhet rcvr &. pu lse xm tr . for operat -
ion on 950- 1330 mc band . Xmtr. 2 1/2
wa tt ou tpu t CW frequency 121 5 - 1233
me. Rcvr, 100DBM 2300- 2465 me sup -
er he t. Cavit y conta ins loca l osc . , xt]
mixe r. 1 2C42, I 2C46 tube s, Veed e r
counter . Wi th tube s .,i9f..S
BC -375
100 wa tt xm tr . ideal for domestic use as
well a s e xport ma ri ne and mob ile : Freq.
200 - 12, 500 kc, with prope r tun tng unit
CW or MCW. Exce llen t Cond ;p1 2 9J
PE - 73 DYN AMO TOR for above . Input -
24 v , O utp uf-l OOO @ 300 ma . w/ filte ring
base . Exce l. Cond o $ 7!5
TUNING UNIT 10' BC- 375 . . . . $ '~
ANTE N NA RELAY - BC -442 complete
with 0-1 0 RF met er &. 50 mmf cap aci tor
@ 5 KV. New Condo $ 2e?
JA N 7 17A TUBE - Exce l. Sub for 6SK7
New 3()¢ eoch 4 10' 96¢
1625 Tube s - - 5 for 5 l!o0
THOR DAR SO N POWE R XF RMR N 49690
Produ ct PRI MARY: Topped 105 - 125 v 60 cy cle
SECO NDARY, 1050 V.C. t . @ 100 mo.
(2) 6.3v @3 Amp . ( 1)6.3v @ 2Amp .
••
(1)5v @ 4Amp. N EWCond . fi295
Wi th Schema tic -
•
MAR INE SPECIAL - - 12 V. 75 Amp .
hea vy duty ba ttery. New cond .i2 9 !5
CO MMAND SETS
T- 18/ARC5 2. 1-3mc New cond .J 4 ! i
Battery Eliminator BC458xmtr . 5.3-7mc New co nd. -t4 t 5
App e re ntlv EI CO is trying to o utd o ev eryon e e lse BC453 rcvr . 190-550 kc Excl • • • } 9 !5
in betterv eliminotor d esign. This new o ne ha s eve ry-
thin g yo u con i ma gi ne . It is fi ltered with 5000 mfd fo r
use with tra nsistor radi os end will handle the curren ts
nece sse ry to cha rg e six o r twelve vo lt betteeies. It has
two re nqes. 0-8 "de e nd 0- 16 vdc. and t he mete rs
switc h as you select t he range desired . $43 .95 in kit
form and $52.95 ready to go. Load: 10 omps cont in u-
o us e nd 20 amps intermittent o n low fonge, b amps
continuous an d 10 amps inter mi ttent o n high . EI C O
wil l respo nd wi th full perticulers o n this o r a ny oth er
EICO product if yo u but let t he m know of your inter-
est. EICO. 33·00 Northern Blvd.. L. I. C . I, N. Y.

OCTOBER 196 1 B3
•

Edward Noll W3FQJ

Box 23
Chalfont. Pennsvlvenie

The Little Th ief

stead of the one on the receiver. If the manu-

facturer has been remiss you will have to do
the work and break the B-plus lead as it comes
from the standby switch in the receiver and
run it to two empty terminals on the socket.

The TransmiHe r

A s ingle crystal oscillator stage is used with

a pi-network tank circuit. This will match into
random length antennas and give you good
harmonic rejection. Both crystal and coil can
be changed easily for band changes. A double-
pole double-throw switch is used for transmit-
little rig comes in handy now and then. receive so you can switch both the B-plus and
A It may be used to let the fellows know antenna circuits simultaneously. This gives
you one switch operation a nd you don't have
what happened to you when the smoke started
pouri ng out of the big rig, or it may be just to use any antenna relays .
for having a little fun down in the Novice A small pilot lamp could be used in place
bands. This Little Thief steals its power from of t he meter for tuning, but with the low
your receiver, thereby reducing its cost and price on meters this doesn't make much sense
weight to a minimum. ... and besides a meter is a lot easier to read.
Your receiver probably has a socket on the If ~eou don't have a meter of the right range
back for powering a calibrator, converter, it is simple to wind up a small shunt and
Q-multiplier, etc., so why not plug in a small use any meter of lesser range.
one-tube transmitter? This won't overload the
receiver because the transmitter doesn't draw Tuning
any more power than the receiver and is only
used when t he receiver is on standby. Cl tunes the tank, C2 determines the loading .
Step one is to get out the manual on your Tune Cl for a resonant dip on the meter and
receiver and see how they have the accessory
socket wired. All receivers have at least the
filament, ground and Bcplus available here.
TO ~~=--,:-:::-:-::;;-------,
ANT:O
TO AN'- ----------
T~~M_ REC"" TRANS
You will need some method of switching the RCVIl , OW
Bcplua from receiver to transmitter. If your
receiver does not have a double-throw switch
' 2.5 MH
OFC
PLUG IN
COi l
built in, which it probably has not, you have
a choice of either substituting one for the
present standby switch or else mo unting a
'+
TO BACK
RCVR ,.
fi
":"
001
5
1500
CERAIlIIC
6 _._ 6AQS
su itable switch on the transmitter and letting PLUG FROM S600A ---
it perform the duty. This is probably the best PWS FIl . fi CVR 2W 3 Z
bet •.. and simplest.
GROUND
Many receivers have the Bcplus go through RFC2
a jumper on the accessory plug. If you have

~ -
one like this then your problems are few. AU
you have to do is remove t he jumper and run C8
the wires to the new switch a nd use that in-

84 73 MAGAZI NE
 NEW FROM
E-Z WAY
THE TOWER
THAT ".EASURES UP·
Here is the tower thet will be the
choIce' of "Hc:rms In the lc:now· . E·Z
Woy hes mode a glont step forward In
tower construction, Incorporallflg our
tri eel and proven desl9n with high
tensile steel (55,000 PSI).
The result •• • 0 low cost, light weight,
s uper strength to.... « .,. designed to
plea se the most discriminating Hemsl

• • SeIf.supportin9 to 34 ft •
• Famous E.Z Woy Rotor Heed.
then tune C2 for best loading. I find that a • Ll9ht wel9ht ~ O ft• .section weighs
small fie ld st r ength meter is very handy f or only 29 Ibs.
g etting the best loading. \Vith exper ience you ~.H''''' • Cllmboble latlhr on th'ee sides•
.~::.~::. . ..,-Heavy hot dlp~ galVcfnlud
1if r
will see how the plate meter responds to load-
ing' and be able to tune by it alone. C2 will X~ ty pe and ' horlJ.ont~i bracing
affect the tun ing' of C1 a bit, as you will see.
On 40 meter C2 has a g r eat er effect on t uni ng IlJ I t AM. NET.
and yo u may h ave to try sever al different set-
ti ngs t o determine the best outpu t . F or best
stability of the keyed note you shou ld back
';:"";:. !v
~ o tti e r
84.95
HP models available. See your nearest
off t he ma xi mum dip j ust a bit with Cl. Ex- dealer or write for fr ee tlteeturet
perience is a fine teacher and th is little r ig will
be qui te an ex pe r ie nce.
'V ith a 65 fo ot a ntenna and proper loading
on both 40 and 80 met ers I found that 12 rna
plate cu r re nt gave me the bes t results. o
. . . W 3FQJ

C oil Form s
............
I llS

............
F or you newcomers, sa ve t he IF's from old
TV sets, these ma ke good coil fo r ms f or your
next con verter . . .• K ~VQY Let's "kit" Together
h;)~ U s e YOUR Parts & PAPPY'S wirin
1625's >;, """",i'\
A very vers atil e tube is the 1625, or 12 volt ~\;~
lJ-~~
.
version of the 807. It can be used in many ap-
plication s to replace 807s in final s, or most of
the common modulator tubes in the medium
power class. The tubes sell for approximately
25¢ su r plus and have a large number of prac-
t ical u ses. One of t hem would be to r eplace $440.00 for your
6L6s and tubes of a s imila r t ype in modula-
tors. The 6L6s list for about $4.00 and the di f-
fe rence between a p air of these and a pair of
Gonset G-76
16255 will more th an pay f or a filament tran s- see page 13
former with plenty left over. The difference is
even greater when r eplacing them. It should
be noted that although the 1625 5 will replace
6L6s, they are al so good for considerably more
power. A pair of them in class B will give
a bout 120 watts of aud io. \Vhen planning a
rig, it m ight pay to consider the u se of these
tubes. . .. W A2INM " HAM HEADQUARTERS. USA"

OCTOBER 1961 8S
, - - - - - - - - EXCLUSIVE-------,
D id YOU know 1I,,1I G u ha m dea ll only In Amateur R adi o
~;Q ul l'm cll t r II l ol JOJll know he b as t wo I l orca handll nll: only
equ tpmen t ludl 1I1 c ounu . N at lt: nal. H allier aHen , U am marJu nd .
H "" ~ et . J OhliMlIl. ClIll tn l t:Jecl r on lca. Cl egg. G lobe. ete. r H it'
yUll know he le n Ice. ,II t,-pn of h.arn &'ear u well as bUYI .
n.un . • IUPI. rents , 111<1 l llO t ll l l ~ equ ipment 1 D i d YO U kno .... he
u. S. #1 ELECTRONICS
o d ivis;?n of AMB ER IND UST RIAL CORP .
bn • lar. , sereeuee of reconditioned l nd euu l nteed. 1,11-<1
leur You d l dn ' t l w eu nolll' JOU do. 1920 E EDGAR ROAD (Rig ht on Highwoy U.S. 1)
GRAHAM RADIO INC. LINDEN, N. J. - across from ESSO RESEARCH LABS
505 Ma in 5,., h a di ng, Man. • T.l. 944-4000
110S No . Main Sr., Ra n d ol ph. Mau. • Tel . WO 3.5005 COME TO OUR BIG, BIG STORE!
FREE PARKING -
0'
30 Minutes b y Bus fr om N. Y. Port Aut hor it y
Ten Terrific October Bargains
$280.00 for you r RT"S XCVR 1• -sc MC. 807 final. 0-200 ..... Mt.
SCR.S22 XCVR 100-156 MC. 832 fi nol. 30Wotts
NEW
EXC
$11,00
$22••5

Heath DX·100 BC.1 158 XMTR SG-9] Me. B15 fi nol AM" _ / BMe . tI
8 C-.617 RCVR 30-SO ,"c. FM" . tol contro ll.d
Bc..5B XMTR 5.3· ] ,"c. ca n . un 120 Wotts
NEW
E XC
EXC
$29,.5
$22••5
$ B•• 5
see page 13 RS/ARN8 RCVR 75 !ftC.] t ub.., FB f", parh EXC $ 2.95
1·196B Sit Gen lSQ..230 Me, beo utiful box NEW $ 1.45
DQ.1S DY N 12/24 in; Out 26S/S40 v 120/26 "' 0 NEW $ S.4S
T·26 Mobil. Ch.st Mi.... 60 OIuns iMp. NEW $ 1.00
.0'
GO,", TRANSMITTER. wh il. th . y lost. on l y••• • • • ••• $Al.SO
100 W,,"s ••• O.)"IB Me •• •• • BRAND NE W I
Thou ..,.." of ~ortoln••_- MuI, unod.... 't h.4 Sr:C1oh In:
" HAM HEADQUARTE RS, U SA" Tu~ •• ·"-tor'-S,nchro.-I.l.Y'-Hlerow. ....·T••
l. c.I .... r. - Tron,.Itt.r, ·T"t ElIIul,..nt - Ho to ro
t,,.

Send for our NEW FREE Catalo,

Adve rtisers f eoturing speelel b u ys f rom o ne of the
su rp lus collectio ns in the Ea st.
la rg e , t

Alde n .... . . +3 Se nd cher k o r M.O. with orde r. Pr ice s f .o.b. l ind fl n

A ll ie d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Alltro nics-H owe rd 81
Ame ri ca n C rvs te! 71 Kn ox .. . . . . . . . . . ..... 74
Arrow Electronics . 49 KTV . . . . 77
Arrow Sal es 83 Lefevet te Ra dio . _ 3
Barry 47 Me ps. 3· 0 type, wow l .. .. .. 61
Bay Roy -4 7 Mar k Mobile . .. . 3
Briti sh Radio Electronics 73 Metr o Electr onics .. . 17
Burghardt . . . . . .. .. . 68 Mill e r . 74
B& W . 67 Mi ni- Prod ucts . ' 47
Candee . .. . .. 63 Ne tionel Redic .. ..' Cover IV
Ce ntra l Elect roni cs . 15 Ne wtronics " Cover II
Cla rk . . .. . 86 Novelties . 77
C legg II Petersen . .. . . . . . .. . Co er 111
Columbia . . . .. 59 P & H .. . 41
Cornell- Dubilier . . 9 Redic Bc oksho p . . . . .. . 60
C raft ronics .. . . . . . . .. . 51 Ra dio Indust ries 74
C ube x . 37 Reyc o . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 77
C ushcr e it 81 Ride r 21
Da le's .. . _ S Roberts .f-Beem s . _ 65
Drake _. . . 25 R-W Electronics _ 5
Edito rs and Enginee rs 73 Seeo .. . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. 79
EI C O . . .. .. 5 Sh ure 39
Eleetro. Physics . .. . 76 Space Raider .. . .. . S3
Elli ott Electronics . . ... .. .. ... 35 Spe ncer _............ . 76
Ep silon . ... .. . 68 Ste ller . 73
E·Z Way Towe rs . . 5 , 85 Subscriptions, C lub, etc. . 76
Gam ..... . .. . .. .. ... .. 31 TA B . 87
J. J. Gloss ..... .. 69 Te pe tc oe 67
Gra ha m .. . 86 Technical Mate rial Corp 29
Ha m TV Book . _' " 70 Telre x 69
Harrison . .. 13 Texas Crysta ls 55
Heath . . .. . .. 27 U.S. # I Electronics 86
Hi-Pa r -4 Va ngutll rd • .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 68
In te rn ational Cryst al .. . . .. .. 23 VHF-UH F Associa tes: 77
Irving Elect ronics . .. .. . 85 webe r 81
Jefitrc nics ........ 33 Weste rn Radio .. 62
Joh nson . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 World Rad io La bs 57

86
73 MAGAZIN E
·r l b si li con Diodn 750 MA"
Gener,1 pun n es
.. 51*1,1 2 tee $1

-- ~~-
41)0 PIV d 300 MA
20 for $7
"TAB"
A BuvTHAT"S
NEW POWER
CONVERTER
12 VDC to $OOVDC
up to 200MA
r llll/piv rlll, /piv f lll. / pl, 100 Wath; Tap •
n ll. /pl v 140/200 5 ' ' 'TAB'' Tub.. '.d.')' T••ted, "'.dd,
17 f2S 35,50 70 / 100 250VDC
,0<
'" '"
rlll. / p iv '"
r m. ipi v
Si . N, nth Guvl nlted ! No Rejeeh !
GOVT & Jr,tFGRS Surplus! New & Used
Boxed!
' Ty pe CI2501 SIS

..,
r..... / lliv
280/ 400 SSG / SDO 420/ 600 OA2 89 6 B21 J.25 11"", 131. ) &Jtll TYPE C650E FOR 6VOC INPUT 13S
'"
t .... . / plv
560 /8 00
r m, / plv
630/900
'"
r ..... / piv
100 / 1000
GAS
082
OC3
. 80
6:>
.. 0
6C4
6CS
6C6
. 45
4569
U
50 L.6··..··..·.. ' 69
I. OS
111
' 49 12VDC to 250VDC UII to 150MA
Type C12211E $30
C62llE tor 6VDe Input $30
$ 1.1 0 $ 1.50 OOS 50 6Ca 1.08
RK S9 1' 39
'" ~~~ ',r,~ It ' , T rttJ, !RK 60 :::::: 1:11

I.. .-
I B3 6C B6 .........89 H Y61 2. ~0
LfI(' (!#t N eville Charger S,..r.m.
L.ow Prleed .. noo SIL.ICON DIOD~~
Ulf d 3 ~ODlv!ZG f\f m ~ (Ii 200M. Id:
,' 1°,°2; , I L4 ;? "CC ., ,6 I .4 ~
75 . ,
S"
HY15
al
S 00
"SILTAn" Silk,." Rfld'!ier
Dlre cr Replacemlm.
J l\t u rh : 10 10)/' 13 .2S: 100 or • ......... 51S1 6C L6 J.4 0
8 3V •..... '9 5 No .. _A ~ln . Il('rm el/tall,. S ..al..t/
WI' Sw. /J Tub es! Wh6J D o/U 1i~'~~" . FOR II or l!VDC @ 100.-\ . Type YJ9 $24
"CAP AC I10fi I NP UT DER ATE 2~ %: IRS i8 6C B6 ' " U 4PR60A ' 37 50
ISr, or mort [hi. jlem \I·t pI)' l'. p .lU. H...... 1 :~; .ts 6C GlI 1: 12 4· 12.5'" ..: 2. ::;0 SELENIUM F.W . BRIDGE RECTIFIERS
111 T()J' lI AT f;Il.ICO:'" 0101). : 8 $I I lH .68
:~
6C MS ...... . 19 t X 150 G 15 00
6'C
CS6 .t 0 4X 250 B ": 41.' 011
DC
AM P
18VAC 36VAC
14VDC :lIlVOC
12VAC
154VDC
130YAC
IOOYOC
I-; XI'.;R IM F.~'TERB KIT. UBE ~B
HTAUl STOItS. ZE:"'OR lJ10lH .R
lI ET I-:U PUOTECTION CL1PPER
I ~~;
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60! """_ .99 4E 27A ::: 39:00
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$1.00
1.30
$ 1.90
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53.8 5
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'C" Q 6F3 63 316 A 5 / S1 II: S 2 .90 4.00 11.80 13.45
...._.. S.110 6 F6 9!! VR9 2 1l / S1 ... 8 4. 15 11.110 III.n 31.l1~
Se'1d 251 / 0' C. ,.Jor! . )", 10 6 . 10 1%.15 211.30 4 1.liO
2C:43
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'2.85
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24.60
30.95
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43.45
29.45 R t'( tijier Catalog
•
2 E24 1.90 615 '59 ~71 B 9:;
2E 25
2p6
2.S0
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6J7
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416B
3.00
18.0 0
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TRANSI STORS F aelory-T...ltd ~
',.', ,' Q 6JII 1. 39 4501H 3. 00 ••..lI FO In lJ .RA .
!XZ11 or 2NUI @ $2,
2 K25
...... 1.1\11
9.15
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59 4501L
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IU,U 'lN 278 or 2N 442 ~~ $3.
~~ 17 3 or 2N U3 ~ $4.
2K26 340.00 6KI .99 103A Q
2:" 114 @ ' 5
{l 10 or mon lh l. It ~m we pIJ'P.P '/U.8.A . 1
2 K21 30 .00 616 1.19 7078 3 .1;0
2VS !lSI 6 5 N1 ...... • 1 ~ 71 5C 111.110 2X l 55 'I .S9. 2N176 ' 1.80. 2N117 $1.
2X2 48 6TB !l ll 717A :> / $1 %N118 $1.15. %:-; 241 $1.50. 2.N2511 $1.%0.
3 A4 70 6V6 GT 90 72SAB __.. 5.00 2N 210 S.95. 2.:"'2.H 51.25. 2.NtoS $ .80.
U 5 1.0 0 6X S .49 725"= ~.,;; Ui 544 $1.20. 1N5 78 $1.80. 2.X51t $2.20.
SA=' 5.95 I2 A16 . 59 80S 3 .50 :!:"'5SI $1.2 5. 2:"582 $2.10. 2::"'670 $1.60.
38 I 3.9!! 12 AT7 ~'J 804 885 $671 $%.
SC24 3 .50 12"'U8 13 80S :::::::::: ' :00
SD 2S 3.9 5 12AU 7 69 V" T ~,
1r/,. Buy!. W, Sell! .. , . ",. GENERAL P URPOSE-PNP-
COMP UTER GRADEl
SE 29 6;00 12AX7 19 90 7 1.10 U U I II A mp IUler-Oarltlalor-H IJ'1
3 Q4 68 12A 'l'1 1.:!o 31U . JO/ Sl! LoII:Ie--R('rvOlm p--- Pnwe r Drl"fr
3 Q5 .S6 12B4 .9.; Pub e Amp Ufte!' or Dla:h Cu rre nt 8111' ltch
4.65A
4-12SA
4· 250A
13. 50
:!T.50
3 4.00
128A 6
128A7
I2 B D6
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3 .45 Veb. Vee. Veb Appnn: 40V
O P 3C rated SOO r, rlll h",u, ese, @ 10
4XI SOA .. Q 12BE6 .59 111 2 3.;W for S5. 100 fot $39
4 X2 50 36.01J 12B H6 .7!l SI S !I.tI:; G P IOC Rl ted 1 weu 90t . 6 $5. 100 $63
4X 500 3 r.011 12BH 7 .!lll 81S i .ts
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ SAP I 2 .11,; 12 BY7 L oll 826 99 ~ - -
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ NEW BATTERY CHARGER BClI.12V
W" ntttJ r"J Sen (Ina Equipm ent
SBP I '7.95 12BZ7 11~1 826 9.00 TRFOR 6V OR 12 VOLT BATTERIES.
IC KL E & FULL C HAR GE "n 1,
SPECIAL ! TRANSISTO RS '" DIO'DES !!! 5 BP 4 '7 .95 12H 6 . •. • 1129 8 11 1111
F ar lor1 Tf~ltd ... G II. u nl ..ed I SCP I 4.9!! 12J 5 6!! 1132A 6.00 Hll10lItAMPS B C6 -12YI II . fl. pl"('h l
FU LL LENGTH LEADS SCP 7 9 .00 12J 7 69 833 A .. , 36.llH
:! :"1~3 1':"1' ~ [. r . 12 fot n . 100 /$3 7 5 R4 1.011 l U ll _ 1. 3.; 1137 ~ / S~ l' r lre Comlll. tt $14.
QX" g4 X I' :" 4 .~ t . 12 for $5. 100 / $37 ST4 _ _ 90 12 KlI 89 866A %. 45
~:"':~J03 :"': 1':-0 45t . 12 fer U. 100 / 137 5 U4 99 125 A7 611 954 I ll /II
:!X:!2:t P XP flO t .......•.......••. 100 /$65 5 V4 •._ 89 12SC1 8!! 955 3 / 11
2X591 1' :"1' ' 1.90 _ 6/$ 10 SYS _ 60 12S F5 611 9 57 3 / 11
:!:"59!1 1' :,,1' J U 10 6/SUI 5 Z! _ 8~1 125G 1 89 95llA : /S I "TAB"-THAT'S A BUY.
!X599 ":"1' $3.50 3 /S10 St nd 25e [or c.,Jo&! BARGAINS
IS GP 22 ..119.011 12S H7 •... •Sll 991 5 / 11
" S U N T A 8"~ SE LENI UM PHOTO CE LL 6 A7 ....._ 1.00 I2S J7 15 161 4 2.15 x ew V.rlan /or (''l u i.. 1l-13:1VI'UiA . S I5.M1
6 AII ~._ !I!I 125 K7 75 1619 :'\tlll' Verlaca/ or eq u l.. 0-135V/ 3 Amll $10.li5
3 / S1
28 P 75" . 3 :' 1~." C4 0 ~ . II for $4 :":t lll' Vl flaMi / or t'l Ulf 0 -132VIl. !!iA . '7.2 5
SAP I" Oil.• SBP /54 &. Reet 220 " • •'55 IiAB4 Ml 12S L7 . 79 1620 !.oO
15AP 750" •• I ~ . " Oil . $1.4 5 ~ . 4 fer 55 I AC7 1:! 12 5N7 69 1625 n F -MTO fl E IoI15 :'0 1. '" s Amp $40, SlS1
3 / $1
3 50" •• 1· 11 /16 " Re<t. c 75~ . 10 for $7 6A G5 85 125Q7 69 16211 DC-METER D fjur 800 }Ia/2 t,i, " SSCI. S/SS
S/SI
10 BP
IOC P 750 ,, 1. 1'/ ,11 0/." c I.4 5@. 4 for $5 IAG7 ~ 15 125R7 69 1629 DC MTH 100Ma/2.l,Ia" • ..•. . ••.
4 1$ 1 tits n o.
6 A K5 69 ISE 1.t 9 I. ~ ;; TtF- n T R Wn lon 15 0"" / TC . . •• S4 0. S/Ill
2050
6 AL5 59 ISR 4/$1 1.2.• DC-M F.'I'F.R Ont Ah /4 " R d. $5 0. tlllI
S517
GTDI POWER .DIAMOND . 6AQ5 .66 FGI7 Q 3 ,11 ,'; ~N O o pF.n~ (" O l'F. TUBF. 2" . • . SS 0 , tlS9
5608 ...
TRAN SiSTORS T op 11$ PAiJ fo r J0 4T L, 813, 811 .'1. 8 121'1 T ljb,J ~ nNJ · FA N fi or 12VAC/110 Cy. $2 0 . 8/SS
F_twy T asted I A R8 1. 9.. HIT! 1.16 5618 3.2" ~ F.W pRINT r KT-PANRJ. , 11.1 21.0 6'" Sf
·"MFo nD In U.S.A. IiAS7 3 .49 24G 3.50 565 1 1.3'; XTAL OVF. N-ll 11V 4oThet'tll Oll llt . • . • • S2
Rtpl . «o. lf e-d lum & 6AlI ,%/$1 25A6 1.19 5654 l.20 n! lm'er 2f vnC / Io nCF M ..• . . .. .•.• •• $S.9.
H1WaU' 1I:1 Tnu liA U6 9 25A7 2.19 S656 4.2.; Xm itll nr )'fle. · , .0011 @ 2.500V. Ii fOf 11.011
exrss, 2.N15l1. 2N2 34.
L"'l"2.:lI. IN 301. 2N"5M
6 811
ro B A6
1. 3:; 2 ~ C S
. 59 2a L6
5663
5670
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1.1 5 4-11100A Air Rorket . len !'hlmn"·
90 ~2!lB SO<"lIet 85t. 183 SO<"lIet.
" .'5
$1
GEN ERA L TO 3G P 80t @ 20 for $ 1:1 6 8 E6 _ 5!! 25T 4.1lI) 56116 1.1;; 1. 150 Cet. ml r n'OKTAI• ..• .•.. 2 f.r $1.00
PURPOSE _ 100/ $6:1 li BG6 1.49 2525 7~ S6111 1.1 5
(JIO ormo" 'hi. Item WI pn P .P./t.:. S .A .I 6 B HS 'jll 2516 15 569 1 4.r 1 POW ER D IODES-S TUDS 50 P ly/ JS RIn,
IJ I.UIO:"O IU.8F. MI CA xrrrt In T .. $ .30 6 8 16 ,! 21> A7 3 1\!! 572S 1.9 ;; U.S. A. MF GR F ACT OR Y TESTEO-GT O 1
HOL':s P BASE ).IICA MTO K IT . .. . S .30 T o/J SU Paid fo, X M17R T'''JtI! 1.5 Amp SOt (aI 100 fOf' S 27
IlI':U'O r-wn HEAT stxa ~O ~Q" .. $1.75 1> 8 K7 'Ill FG21 8 ,!1I 5732 2.00 3. 0 Amp !'iOt @l IOO for $ 45
K IT T n~T1b xr-x or PXl". 3Illt ea., 3 for 5 1 iB L7 _ ...• 1.35 HV27 U 39 S736 8;;011 6.0 .... mp JI.M (ii' . • • • • •• • 100 fOf' $100
IN 3 ~A DI ODE S 23t NI.. 10 ' Of' 52. IOG,,1 8 6 B N4 .e n 21101 all 5749 1.!l; 12 Amp Sl .45 (f1J •••• • •• • lOtI for $125
6 B N8 1.1111 FG33 1;;.00 5750 !. 1;; :t'i Amp $2..30 (ii' • • • • • • • • 100 fer $200
NEW "V AC DAC"11f\ SILI CON A 6 B N7 1.!l9 EL 34 3 .49 5751 _ I. ! ;; . Il Amp $3.90 ~ 50 t llt' $17S
WIT~U:~I~~r-I'NA~~M:~::E ~~ 6 8 08 1.1 9 35 A5 Il!! 58 14 1.~1I 240 Amp $i.SO (ft' ••• • • ••• 50 for S221l
& 6B07 .99 35 L6 59 5117!! ,-?n · n era tt 20" ror CIPBcltl vt & n . n ety
S E R IES BALANCING 6 8 X7 1. 11 3n 404 9 U 94 51%.00 Lo ad ! Amfl natl nll'1 ror S tu d. on
PROTECTION 6 B YS 1.19 3US 1.25 n eat Rink ! ! r
IIBI 6 .... . , 91 RK 39 2.lI!! Ne Stt _ Wr ll. !
TYPE VRMS /PIV AMPS PRI CE TERMS: Min Order 13-25-/.
S ILICON-5U 4G-5PECIA L I! I
OCTAL S ILI CON DIODE RE-
ST8611
RTlIlll
~T5Rt
1l000/l0 400 0.3
1l01Xl/ 1000
190012.800
0.8
' .S
$10.00
$1• .00 .....
S15.00 "TAB" with erder F.O .B. New Yerk.
Ten d.)' lu.rentee. prlca ,f
mdlt. enl)". Our 11th )'OIr.
P'ic es shown or. wbj ec! 10 chong, .
PlACEM ENT II20Rm a /I600Plv
$3.90 @ . 3 FOR SlO.
W RIT E F OR CAT ALOG-
Eneh,Sf 25t
Send 25¢ for Catalog l11KJ li bert y St., N . Y. 6 , N . Y• • RE 2 ·6245

OCTOBER 196 1 B7
ALLIED NEEDS YOUR USED GEAR NOWI
We've been trading BIGGER than ever-yet
we're literally cleaned out of reconditioned gear.
We need your used equipment to fill our empty
shelves-and we intend to go all-out to give you
more for it than you've ever dreamed possible-
so •••

OCTOBER IS SWAPFEST TIME!

TRADE UP TO THE LATEST GEAR-MAKE THE DEAL OF YOUR LIFE

"SWAPFEST" is the password! Act now-

make your selection of new gear from our 1962
Catalog. Then write (use the "Swapfest" Cou- -
pon below), call, wire or visit us in person-tell
us what you've got to trade and what new equip-
ment you want us to put in your shack. We'll
come up with a great " Swapfest" Deal-a giant
(
trade-in allowance you can't pass up! Now is the Ready now-
if you haven't
time to make the deal of your life! your copy of
the 444·page
-Larry Blostein, W9BUD , Allied
Calalog,
Allied Ham Manager just drop
us a card

NO MONEY DOWN
new Allied Credit Fund Plan
gives you 50X more buying THESE ACTIVE HAMS ARE AT YOUR SERVICE:
power, up to 24 months to pay At Our Chicago "Ham Shack" : J oe Hultman , W9BHO ;
J oe Gizzi , W9 HL A; Lowell Warshawsky . W9N GV ; J ohn c bass, K9LOK
In Milwaukee: Burt Fi schel, W9 VO B

"SWAPfEST" ALLIED RADIO

COUPON
r---- •••••. FILL OUT AND RUSH THIS COUPON TODAY • • • - ..
•
: ALLIED RADIO, Dept. 221-Kl :
•
• '00 N. Western Ave .• Chicago 80, III. Attn: "Trader Jim" Sommerville. W9WHF •
• •
••
•

•
Rush me your " Swapfest" offer . Here' s what I want to

trade: Name
•
••
•
I r~ ~ ~H n,N' •

•
I A ddress ••
••
I

•
Here's wha t I want to buy :

Cit y Zone St ate

•
••
•
L••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• J
88 13 MAGAZINE
 • •
It r»» to U1SlSt on

STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE SINCE 1934

AMATEUR TYPES
Fundamontal, PR Typo Z -2
F requ en cy R an g e s i n K cs.: 3 .500 t o 4,000 (80 M ) ; 7,000 t o 7,425 (40 M);
Z-2 8,000 t o 8,222 ( 2 M ) ; 8 .334 t o 9 ,000 ( 6 M) .
Ru g g ed . Low drift , Iun d a rneu ta l osc illa to rs. Hi gh a ct ivit y an d
p owe r outp ut. Stan -I s up und e r ma x imum cry stal cu rre n t s. St a b le .
lo u go- la stin g ; -+- ;;00 cyc les __ __ __ S2.95 Net
(All Z · 2 Crys tals calibra ted wi t h a loa d o f 32 m m fd. )
Third Overtone, PR Type Z-9A
H e rm et icall y sca le d ; calib r at ed 2..J ,OOO to 2-l,666 and Z:i ,OO(l to
27,000 K c.. + 3 K c. : .0.i O" Jl i tl ~ · · · · · · · · · _ · · _ - - . · _ - . · · · .•.....-....••......... $3.95 Net
6 Meters, PR Type Z-9A
Fi ft h o vertone; for o pera t ing di re ctl y in 6-mctc r hand ; he r -
m e ti call y sca le d ; calib r ate d 5U to S..J M c., ± 15 K c.: . O ~O " pi n s.
$4.95 Net
CITIZENS BAND CLASS "0"
Type Z-9R, Transm itter
FCC assigned fr equencies in mega -
cycle " 26.965. 26.975, 26.985, COMMERCIAL TYPES
27.005 , 27.0 15, 27.025, 27.035, Commercial Cryst als a va ilable from
27.055, 27.065, 27.075, 27.085, 100 Kc . to 70 Me. Prices on request.
27.105 , 27.115, 27.125 , 27.13 5,
2 7. 155, 27.1 6 5, 27.1 75, 27.1 8 5, Type z.r , MARS and CAP
Z-l 27.205, 27.2 15, 27.225, 27.255, O ffic ial asvigued freq ue ncies in
calibra n...d to .005 %. (Be sure to th e ra ng e. Cali b ra te d 10 .00.1 % .
specify man ufacturer a nd model 1600 t o 10000 K c.........53.45 Ne t
number of equipment) $2.95 Net
Type Z 1, TV Marke r
CITIZE NS BAND CLASS " 0" Cha n n els 2 t h ru 13....S 6. 4 5 Net
Type Z-9R, Receiver 4.5 M e. Int ercarrier,
Specify I.F. frequen cy, also wbcth - .0 1 % 52.95 Net
er receiver oscillator is above or 5.0 M c. S ig na l G en e ra t o r,
below transm itter fr equency. Cali-
bra ted to .005 %. (Be sure to specify .01 % 52 .95 Net
ma nu facture r and model nu m be r 10.7 Mc. F M, I F ,
of eq uipmen t.) _..... .. .$2.95 Net .0 1 % 52.95 Ne t
Type Z-9R, Radio Cont rol
2XP FCC assigned frequencies in mega - Type Z·6A,
c y cl es: 26.995 , 27.045 , 2 7.095, Frequency
27. 14 5, 27. 19 5, 27.2 55; calib rated Standard
to .00 5%. (Be sure to specif v manu - To dete rmine han d
facturer a nd model number of ed se. T o kee p the
eq ui pm e n t. ) .. $2.95 Net \ . 1'0 and rece iver
properl y ca fib ra red.
Type 2XP 10 0 K o. . . 56.95
Su it a ble fo r converte rs , ex per im e nta l, e tc . Sam e ho lde r Net
dimension s as Type Z-2 .
1600 t o 12000 K c., (Fund.) + 5 K c 53.45 Net Z-6A
12001 to 25000 K c. ( 3rd O vertone ) ± 10 Ke S4.45 Net
All PR C RYSTALS AR E UN CONDITI ONAl lY GUARANTEED.
OR DER FROM YOUR J OB BER.

EXPORT SA LES : R o yal Na tio nal Corporatio n, 250 \V. 5 71 h Street , New York 19 , N. Y., U. S. A.

-
PERFORMANCE PACE SETTER
OF THE YEAR-NATIONAL'S
NEW HAM-BAND NC-155
Natio nal is proud to a nnounce a ne w stand -
ard of co rnpericon fo r ha m-ba nd receivers.
In a price class by itself-t he NC· 155.
Wi t h supe rb sensitivity, sta bil ity, and
sha ped selectivity, the NC· 155 ha s the
performance-e ngineered features vital ly
necessary for relaxed ham-band ope ra ton.
Double conversion on 80 through 6 meters
Sensitivi ty better than 1 "V for 10 db SIN on
all bands, including 6 meters!
600 cycle CW, 3 kc SSB, 5 kc AM true va riable
IF selectivity with National's Ferrite Filter
Full SSB /CW AGC and separate product de-
tector
Extremly high (60:1) tuning ratio with bui lt-i n
Velvet Vernier
High Zero temperature compensation and
voltage regulated oscillators
Many other features, including, of course, the
convenient Flip Foot and National Blue styli ng
Suggested amateur net $199.95·
NTS·3B speaker 19.95
NATIONAL RADIO COMPANY, INC.
MELROSE .7 6 , MASS.
AWHO LLY OWNEO SU BS IOIARY Of NATI ONAL CO MPANY, INC.
· slig hl ly highe' w", f of Ihe l od 'e , and outside Ihe U.S.A.
EA p::lfI: AD AUR IEMA , IN C. . as BrOOd 51., N . Y., N . Yo. U.S.A.
Canado: TRI.T El ASSOC., LT D., 81 Sheppord Ave. W ' o W,"owdole, O nl.