NCM 116 Midterms Topic 7 Personality Disorders Notes

MIDTERMS: Topic 7
b) Range, intensity, lability, and

appropriateness of emotional
o Can be defined as an ingrained enduring response (Affect)
pattern of behaving and relating to self, c) Interpersonal functioning
others, and the environment. d) Ability to control impulses or
o It includes perceptions, attitudes, and express behavior at the
emotions. appropriate time and place
o These behaviors and characteristics are (Impulse Control)
consistent across a broad range of
situations and do not change easily.
o A person usually is not consciously
aware of his/her personality.
o Are diagnosed when personality traits

become inflexible and maladaptive and
significantly interfere with how a person
functions in society or cause the person [CLUSTER A]
emotional distress. ECCENTRIC/MAD GROUP
o They are not usually diagnosed until Includes people whose behavior appears odd or
adulthood, when personality is more eccentric and includes: PARANOID, SCHIZOID and
completely formed. SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDERS.
o Diagnosis is made when the person exhibits  PARANOID - Suspicious, jealous, short
enduring behavioral patterns that deviate tempered
from cultural expectations in two or more of  SCHIZOID - Doesn’t want to socialize,
the following areas: prefers to be alone, detached
a) Ways of perceiving and  SCHIZOTYPAL - Superstitious, believes in
interpreting self, other people, magic, ideas of reference
and events (Cognition)
4. Personality Characteristics:
[CLUSTER B] tendencies toward aloofness that make
ERRATIC AND BAD GROUP social settings and interactions difficult.
Individuals who appear dramatic, emotional, or Clients tend to avoid social gatherings.
erratic (Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and
Narcissistic). SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
 ANTISOCIAL -Irresponsible, display lack OF PERSONALITY
of guilt, good at manipulation DISORDERS
 BORDERLINE - Intense relationship, self- 1) Inappropriate response to stress and
mutilation, impulsiveness inflexible approach to problem solving
 HISTRIONIC - Attention seeking, self- 2) Long term difficulties in relating to
centered, seductive, and dramatic others, in school, and in work
 NARCISSISTIC - Grandiose view of self; situations
lack of empathy for others 3) Demanding and manipulative
4) Ability to cause others to react with
[CLUSTER C] extreme annoyance or irritability
5) Poor interpersonal skills
ANXIOUS AND SAD GROUP
Individuals who appear anxious or fearful 6) Anxiety
(AVOIDANT, DEPENDENT, AND OBSESSIVE- 7) Depression
COMPULSIVE) 8) Anger and aggression
 AVOIDANT - Fearful of criticism and 9) Difficulty with adherence to
rejection, negative self-esteem, few treatment
social interactions. 10)Harm to self or others (suicidal
 DEPENDENT - Submissive, clinging to ideation, self-mutilation, violence
others, unable to make decision by self toward others, or threats)
 OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE- Preoccupied with 11)Egocentric
perfection, conscious of rules, self- critical, 12)Overwhelming fears of abandonment
controlling 13)Pessimistic, immature, lonely,
impulsive, hostile and suspicious
RISK FACTORS
1. Family Genetics: links are implicated in
the disorder
2. Environmental Factors: Personality
disorders have been linked to childhood
experiences or early family dysfunction
3. Altered social interactions patterns:
social interactions may modify feelings of
self-esteem or ideas of worth
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
1. Work with client to increase coping skills
and identify need for improved coping.
2. Respond to client’s specific symptoms
and needs.
3. Keep communication clear and
consistent.
4. Client may require physical restraints,
seclusion/observation room, one-to-one
supervision. Follow policies and
procedures.
5. Keep client involved in treatment
planning.
6. Behavior contract may be used for anger
and aggression, suicidal ideation,
manipulation, or isolation
7. Do not become victim to the client’s
involvement in appropriate self-help
groups
8. Require the patient to take responsibility for
her own behavior and consequences for
actions.
CLIENT AND FAMILY EDUCATION

1) Discuss with the client and family the
possible environment and situational
causes, contributing factors, and
triggers.
2) Help the client and family to identify the
internal and external indicators of
personality disorders.
3) Educate the client and family about the
following issues.
Teach:
a) Coping Skills
b) Anger Management
c) Problem Solving
d) Medication Adherence

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MIDTERMS: Topic 7

b) Range, intensity, lability, and

o Are diagnosed when personality traits

CLIENT AND FAMILY EDUCATION

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