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    Arabic Project

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    Chino Azizi
    Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer known as the "father of algebra". He wrote the seminal text "Kitab al-Jabr", which introduced algebraic concepts and gave rise to the term "algebra". In it, he systematically described methods for solving linear and quadratic equations, establishing algebra as an independent field of mathematics. Later mathematicians like Omar Khayyam and Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi built upon al-Khwarizmi's work by developing methods for solving cubic equations.

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    Arabic Project

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    Chino Azizi
    7 views6 pages
    Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer known as the "father of algebra". He wrote the seminal text "Kitab al-Jabr", which introduced algebraic concepts and gave rise to the term "algebra". In it, he systematically described methods for solving linear and quadratic equations, establishing algebra as an independent field of mathematics. Later mathematicians like Omar Khayyam and Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi built upon al-Khwarizmi's work by developing methods for solving cubic equations.

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    Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer known as the "father of algebra". He wrote the seminal text "Kitab al-Jabr", which introduced algebraic concepts and gave rise to the term "algebra". In it, he systematically described methods for solving linear and quadratic equations, establishing algebra as an independent field of mathematics. Later mathematicians like Omar Khayyam and Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi built upon al-Khwarizmi's work by developing methods for solving cubic equations.

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    7 views6 pages

    Arabic Project

    Uploaded by

    Chino Azizi
    Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer known as the "father of algebra". He wrote the seminal text "Kitab al-Jabr", which introduced algebraic concepts and gave rise to the term "algebra". In it, he systematically described methods for solving linear and quadratic equations, establishing algebra as an independent field of mathematics. Later mathematicians like Omar Khayyam and Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi built upon al-Khwarizmi's work by developing methods for solving cubic equations.

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    Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th-century 

    Muslim mathematician and astronomer.


    He is known as the "father of algebra", a word derived from the title of his book, Kitab al-Jabr

    Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[note 1] (Persian: Muḥammad Khwārizmī ‫;محمد بن موسى خوارزمی‬ c. 


    780 – c. 850), Arabized as al-Khwarizmi with al- and formerly Latinized as Algorithmi, was a Persian[3]
    [4][5]
     scholar who produced works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography. Around 820 AD he was
    appointed as the astronomer and head of the library of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.[6]:14

    The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing (Arabic:  ْ‫ْال ِك َتابْ ْالم ُْخ َتصَ رْ فِي‬
    ‫حِسَ ابْ ْالجَ بْرْ َو ْال ُم َقا َبلَة‬, Al-kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa’l-muqābala;[1] Latin: Liber Algebræ et
    Almucabola), also known as Al-jabr (‫)الجبر‬, is an Arabic mathematical treatise on algebra written by
    Persian polymath Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī around 820 CE while he was in
    the Abbasid capital of Baghdad, modern-day Iraq. Al-jabr was a landmark work in the history of
    mathematics, establishing algebra as an independent discipline, and with the term "algebra" itself
    derived from Al-jabr.
    The study of algebra, the name of which is derived from the Arabic word meaning completion or
    "reunion of broken parts",[4] flourished during the Islamic golden age. Muhammad ibn Musa al-
    Khwarizmi, a scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, is along with
    the Greek mathematician Diophantus, known as the father of algebra. In his book The Compendious
    Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, Al-Khwarizmi deals with ways to solve for
    the positive roots of first and second degree (linear and quadratic) polynomial equations. He also
    introduces the method of reduction, and unlike Diophantus, gives general solutions for the equations
    he deals with

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_in_medieval_Islam

    Perhaps one of the most significant advances made by Arabic mathematics began at this time with
    the work of al-Khwarizmi, namely the beginnings of algebra. It is important to understand just how
    significant this new idea was. It was a revolutionary move away from the Greek concept of
    mathematics which was essentially geometry. Algebra was a unifying theory which allowed rational
    numbers, irrational numbers, geometrical magnitudes, etc., to all be treated as "algebraic objects". It
    gave mathematics a whole new development path so much broader in concept to that which had
    existed before, and provided a vehicle for the future development of the subject. Another important
    aspect of the introduction of algebraic ideas was that it allowed mathematics to be applied to itself in
    a way which had not happened before.
    A page from al-Khwarizmi's "Kitāb al-jabr wa l-muqābala", the first book ever written about algebra in 825
    Cubic equations[edit]

    To solve the third-degree equation x3 + a2x = b Khayyám constructed the parabola x2 = ay, a circle with


    diameter b/a2, and a vertical line through the intersection point. The solution is given by the length of the
    horizontal line segment from the origin to the intersection of the vertical line and the x-axis.

    Further information: Cubic equation


    Omar Khayyam (c. 1038/48 in Iran – 1123/24)[10] wrote the Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of
    Algebra containing the systematic solution of cubic or third-order equations, going beyond
    the Algebra of al-Khwārizmī.[11] Khayyám obtained the solutions of these equations by finding the
    intersection points of two conic sections. This method had been used by the Greeks,[12] but they did
    not generalize the method to cover all equations with positive roots.[11]
    Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (? in Tus, Iran – 1213/4) developed a novel approach to the investigation of
    cubic equations—an approach which entailed finding the point at which a cubic polynomial obtains
    its maximum value. For example, to solve the equation , with a and b positive, he would note that the
    maximum point of the curve  occurs at , and that the equation would have no solutions, one solution
    or two solutions, depending on whether the height of the curve at that point was less than, equal to,
    or greater than a. His surviving works give no indication of how he discovered his formulae for the
    maxima of these curves. Various conjectures have been proposed to account for his discovery of
    them.
    To solve the third-degree equation x3 + a2x = b Khayyám constructed
    the parabola x2 = ay, a circle with diameter b/a2, and a vertical line through the intersection point. The solution is
    given by the length of the horizontal line segment from the origin to the intersection of the vertical line and
    the x-axis.

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