PRESSURE HEAD

LOSS CALCULATION

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

Document
Rev Date Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by
Status

Signature

0 04/04/2023
Name Girish Timmapur Michel Kalai

Senior Project
Designation Technical Manager
Manager
 PRESSURE HEAD
LOSS CALCULATION
SUMMARY RESULTS

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System General Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3

Turn Over 0.25 hours
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr
# Filters per network line 1
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr
Pressure Head Loss Summary Results:
No. Description Total Head loss(H)
P1 Head loss in uPVC pipes 0.225 m
P2 Head loss in HDPE pipes 0m
F1 Head loss in uPVC Fittings & Valves 12.572 m
F2 Head loss in HDPE Fittings 0m
E1 Head Loss in Equipments 1.266 m
B1 Head gain from water inside balancing Tank -1.175 m
H1 Head loss due delta height 1.175 m

Total Head loss 14.063 m

Factor of Safety 25% 3.516 m
Total Head Required (H) 17.579 m
 uPVC Nominal (minimum) Wall thickness (in mm)
Pipe Diameter Size Nominal Pressure PN
PN6 PN10 PN16
20 mm 1.5
25 mm 1.9
32 mm 1.6 2.4
40 mm 1.5 1.9 3.0
50 mm 1.6 2.4 3.7
63 mm 2.0 3.0 4.7
75 mm 2.3 3.6 5.6
90 mm 2.8 4.3 6.7
110 mm 2.7 4.2 6.6
125 mm 3.1 4.8 7.4
140 mm 3.5 5.4 8.3
160 mm 4.0 6.2 9.5
180 mm 4.4 6.9 10.7
200 mm 4.9 7.7 11.9
225 mm 5.5 8.6 13.4
250 mm 6.2 9.6 14.8
280 mm 6.9 10.7 16.6
315 mm 7.7 12.1 18.7
355 mm 8.7 13.6 21.1
400 mm 9.8 15.3 23.7
 HDPE Nominal (minimum) Wall thickness (in mm)
Pipe Diameter Size PE100
PN16
20 mm 2.15
25 mm 2.50
32 mm 3.20
40 mm 3.95
50 mm 4.90
63 mm 6.15
75 mm 7.20
90 mm 8.70
110 mm 10.55
125 mm 12.05
140 mm 13.40
160 mm 15.40
180 mm 17.30
200 mm 19.20
225 mm 21.60
250 mm 23.90
280 mm 26.75
315 mm 30.10
355 mm 33.90
400 mm 40.10
 Pipe Equivalent Lengths (in m)
Pipe Diameter (in mm)
Fitting Types (L/D)eq 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 355 400
90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 30 0.6 0.75 0.96 1.2 1.5 1.89 2.25 2.7 3.3 3.75 4.2 4.8 5.4 6 6.75 7.5 8.4 9.45 10.65 12
90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Long Radius (R/D = 1.5) 16 0.32 0.4 0.512 0.64 0.8 1.008 1.2 1.44 1.76 2 2.24 2.56 2.88 3.2 3.6 4 4.48 5.04 5.68 6.4
90° Elbow Curved, Flanged/Welded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 20 0.4 0.5 0.64 0.8 1 1.26 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.6 6.3 7.1 8
90° Elbow Curved, Flanged/Welded | Long Radius (R/D = 2) 17 0.34 0.425 0.544 0.68 0.85 1.071 1.275 1.53 1.87 2.125 2.38 2.72 3.06 3.4 3.825 4.25 4.76 5.355 6.035 6.8
90° Elbow Curved, Flanged/Welded | Long Radius (R/D = 4) 14 0.28 0.35 0.448 0.56 0.7 0.882 1.05 1.26 1.54 1.75 1.96 2.24 2.52 2.8 3.15 3.5 3.92 4.41 4.97 5.6
90° Elbow Curved, Flanged/Welded | Long Radius (R/D = 6) 12 0.24 0.3 0.384 0.48 0.6 0.756 0.9 1.08 1.32 1.5 1.68 1.92 2.16 2.4 2.7 3 3.36 3.78 4.26 4.8
90° Elbow Mitered |1 weld (90°) 60 1.2 1.5 1.92 2.4 3 3.78 4.5 5.4 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.6 10.8 12 13.5 15 16.8 18.9 21.3 24
90° Elbow Mitered | 2 welds (45°) 15 0.3 0.375 0.48 0.6 0.75 0.945 1.125 1.35 1.65 1.875 2.1 2.4 2.7 3 3.375 3.75 4.2 4.725 5.325 6
90° Elbow Mitered | 3 welds (30°) 8 0.16 0.2 0.256 0.32 0.4 0.504 0.6 0.72 0.88 1 1.12 1.28 1.44 1.6 1.8 2 2.24 2.52 2.84 3.2
45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 16 0.32 0.4 0.512 0.64 0.8 1.008 1.2 1.44 1.76 2 2.24 2.56 2.88 3.2 3.6 4 4.48 5.04 5.68 6.4
45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Long Radius (R/D = 1.5)
45° Elbow Mitered | 1 weld 45° 15 0.3 0.375 0.48 0.6 0.75 0.945 1.125 1.35 1.65 1.875 2.1 2.4 2.7 3 3.375 3.75 4.2 4.725 5.325 6
45° Elbow Mitered | 2 welds 22.5° 6 0.12 0.15 0.192 0.24 0.3 0.378 0.45 0.54 0.66 0.75 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.2 1.35 1.5 1.68 1.89 2.13 2.4
180° Bend | threaded, close-return (R/D = 1) 50 1 1.25 1.6 2 2.5 3.15 3.75 4.5 5.5 6.25 7 8 9 10 11.25 12.5 14 15.75 17.75 20
180° Bend | anged (R/D = 1)
180° Bend | all types (R/D = 1.5)
Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 60 1.2 1.5 1.92 2.4 3 3.78 4.5 5.4 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.6 10.8 12 13.5 15 16.8 18.9 21.3 24
Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1.5)
Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | anged (r/D = 1) 20 0.4 0.5 0.64 0.8 1 1.26 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.6 6.3 7.1 8
Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | stub-in branch
Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 20 0.4 0.5 0.64 0.8 1 1.26 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.6 6.3 7.1 8
Tee Run-through | anged (r/D = 1)
Tee Run-through | stub-in branch

Angle valve | 45°, full line size, β = 1 55 1.1 1.375 1.76 2.2 2.75 3.465 4.125 4.95 6.05 6.875 7.7 8.8 9.9 11 12.375 13.75 15.4 17.325 19.525 22
Angle valve | 90° full line size, β = 1 150 3 3.75 4.8 6 7.5 9.45 11.25 13.5 16.5 18.75 21 24 27 30 33.75 37.5 42 47.25 53.25 60
Globe valve | standard, β = 1 340 6.8 8.5 10.88 13.6 17 21.42 25.5 30.6 37.4 42.5 47.6 54.4 61.2 68 76.5 85 95.2 107.1 120.7 136
Plug valve | branch ow 90 1.8 2.25 2.88 3.6 4.5 5.67 6.75 8.1 9.9 11.25 12.6 14.4 16.2 18 20.25 22.5 25.2 28.35 31.95 36
Plug valve | straight through 18 0.36 0.45 0.576 0.72 0.9 1.134 1.35 1.62 1.98 2.25 2.52 2.88 3.24 3.6 4.05 4.5 5.04 5.67 6.39 7.2
Plug valve | three-way ( ow through) 30 0.6 0.75 0.96 1.2 1.5 1.89 2.25 2.7 3.3 3.75 4.2 4.8 5.4 6 6.75 7.5 8.4 9.45 10.65 12
Gate valve | standard, β = 1 8 0.16 0.2 0.256 0.32 0.4 0.504 0.6 0.72 0.88 1 1.12 1.28 1.44 1.6 1.8 2 2.24 2.52 2.84 3.2
Ball valve | standard, β = 1 3 0.06 0.075 0.096 0.12 0.15 0.189 0.225 0.27 0.33 0.375 0.42 0.48 0.54 0.6 0.675 0.75 0.84 0.945 1.065 1.2
Diaphragm | dam type
Butter y Valve 40 0.8 1 1.28 1.6 2 2.52 3 3.6 4.4 5 5.6 6.4 7.2 8 9 10 11.2 12.6 14.2 16
Spring Check Valve 120 2.4 3 3.84 4.8 6 7.56 9 10.8 13.2 15 16.8 19.2 21.6 24 27 30 33.6 37.8 42.6 48
Double Door Wafer Check valve 40 0.8 1 1.28 1.6 2 2.52 3 3.6 4.4 5 5.6 6.4 7.2 8 9 10 11.2 12.6 14.2 16
Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 135 2.7 3.375 4.32 5.4 6.75 8.505 10.125 12.15 14.85 16.875 18.9 21.6 24.3 27 30.375 33.75 37.8 42.525 47.925 54
Lift check valve | Vmin = 40 [ρ (lbm/ft3)]-1/2 600 12 15 19.2 24 30 37.8 45 54 66 75 84 96 108 120 135 150 168 189 213 240
Hose Coupling | Simple, Full Bore 5 0.1 0.125 0.16 0.2 0.25 0.315 0.375 0.45 0.55 0.625 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.125 1.25 1.4 1.575 1.775 2
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 P1 : UPVC PIPES PRESSURE LOSS

PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION P1 : UPVC PIPES

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics Date: 04/04/2023
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3 Pipe Manufacturer Hepworth (UAE) Churchill's Equation (for any Re and ε/D) Darcy Weisbach
Darcy
Equation
Weisbach Equation
Turn Over 0.25 hours Pipe Manufacturing Standard UPVC BS EN 1452
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr Nominal Pressure PN PN16 f = 8((8/Re)12 + 1/(A+B)1.5)1/12 ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
# Filters per network line 1 Pipes Roughness 0.003 mm A = (-2.457ln((7/Re)0.9+0.27ε/D))16
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr Water Operating Temperature 28 °C B = (37530/Re)16
Direction of flow
Viscosity of Fluid 0.89 mPa.s
Density of Fluid 997 kg/m3
Acceleration due to gravity (g) 9.807 m/s2 1 P1-P2 2

Head Point Head Total Flow Flow Rate Internal Diameter Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional Total
Frictional
Pipe Dia (D) (F) Number Factor
S.No (h1) Point (h2) Length Divider (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss Head Loss
Head loss
mm m m (m) Factor m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m m
1 20 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - - 0m
2 25 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - - 0m
3 32 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - - 0m
4 40 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - - 0m
5 50 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - - 0m
6 63 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - - 0m
7 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - - 0m
8 90 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - - 0m
9 110 0.000 0.000 8.959 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.021 0.213 0.213 m
10 125 0.000 0.000 0.830 1.0 52.800 0.118 1.350 177,885 3.92E-05 3.48E+21 1.54E-11 0.0162 0.001 0.011 0.011 m
11 140 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - - 0m
12 160 0.000 0.000 0.400 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.000 0.002 0.002 m
13 180 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - - 0m
14 200 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - - 0m
15 225 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - - 0m
16 250 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - - 0m
17 280 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - - 0m
18 315 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - - 0m
19 355 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - - 0m
20 400 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - - 0m
Total uPVC Pipes Head Loss (P1) 0.225 m

page 1 of 1

 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION F1 : uPVC FITTINGS & VALVES

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics Date: 04/04/2023
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System General Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3 Pipe Manufacturer Hepworth (UAE) Churchill's Equation (for any Re and ε/D) Darcy Weisbach
Darcy
Equation
Weisbach Equation
Turn Over 0.25 hours Pipe Manufacturing Standard UPVC BS EN 1452
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr Nominal Pressure PN PN16 f = 8((8/Re)12 + 1/(A+B)1.5)1/12 ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
# Filters per network line 1 Pipes Roughness 0.003 mm A = (-2.457ln((7/Re)0.9+0.27ε/D))16
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr Water Operating Temperature 28 °C B = (37530/Re)16
Viscosity of Fluid 0.89 mPa.s
Density of Fluid 997 kg/m3
Acceleration due to gravity (g) 9.807 m/s2

uPVC 90 Deg Elbow

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.600 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.750 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.960 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 40 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 50 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.890 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 75 0.00 2.250 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 90 0.00 2.700 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 110 7.00 3.300 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.008 0.550
10 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 125 1.00 3.750 1.0 52.800 0.118 1.350 177,885 3.92E-05 3.48E+21 1.54E-11 0.0162 0.005 0.048
11 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 140 0.00 4.200 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 160 2.00 4.800 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.002 0.038
13 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 180 0.00 5.400 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 200 0.00 6.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 225 0.00 6.750 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 250 0.00 7.500 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 280 0.00 8.400 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 315 0.00 9.450 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 355 0.00 10.650 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 400 0.00 12.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC 90deg Elbow (F1a) 0.636 m

page 1 of 6

 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

In Line uPVC Tee

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.500 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.640 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 40 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 50 0.00 1.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.260 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 75 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 90 0.00 1.800 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 110 8.00 2.200 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.005 0.419
10 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 125 3.00 2.500 1.0 52.800 0.118 1.350 177,885 3.92E-05 3.48E+21 1.54E-11 0.0162 0.003 0.096
11 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 140 0.00 2.800 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 160 1.00 3.200 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.001 0.013
13 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 180 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 200 0.00 4.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 225 0.00 4.500 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 250 0.00 5.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 280 0.00 5.600 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 315 0.00 6.300 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 355 0.00 7.100 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 400 0.00 8.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Tee (F1b) 0.528 m
Tee through branch uPVC Tee
Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 20 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 25 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 32 0.00 1.920 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 40 0.00 2.400 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 50 0.00 3.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 63 0.00 3.780 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 75 0.00 4.500 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 90 0.00 5.400 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 110 0.00 6.600 1.0 0.000 0.103 0.000 0 3.45E-05 - - - - -
10 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 125 0.00 7.500 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 140 0.00 8.400 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 160 0.00 9.600 1.0 0.000 0.151 0.000 0 5.02E-05 - - - - -
13 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 180 0.00 10.800 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 200 0.00 12.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 225 0.00 13.500 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 250 0.00 15.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 280 0.00 16.800 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 315 0.00 18.900 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 355 0.00 21.300 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 400 0.00 24.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC 45deg Elbow (F1c) 0m

page 2 of 6

 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

uPVC 45 Deg Elbow

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.320 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.512 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 40 0.00 0.640 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 50 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.008 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 75 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 90 0.00 1.440 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 110 0.00 1.760 1.0 0.000 0.103 0.000 0 3.45E-05 - - - - -
10 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 125 0.00 2.000 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 140 0.00 2.240 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 160 2.00 2.560 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.001 0.020
13 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 180 0.00 2.880 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 200 0.00 3.200 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 225 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 250 0.00 4.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 280 0.00 4.480 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 315 0.00 5.040 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 355 0.00 5.680 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 400 0.00 6.400 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC 45deg Elbow (F1d) 0.02 m

uPVC Ball Valve

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 20 0.00 0.060 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 25 0.00 0.075 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 32 0.00 0.096 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 40 0.00 0.120 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 50 0.00 0.150 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 63 0.00 0.189 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 75 0.00 0.225 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 90 0.00 0.270 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 110 0.00 0.330 1.0 0.000 0.103 0.000 0 3.45E-05 - - - - -
10 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 125 0.00 0.375 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 140 0.00 0.420 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 160 0.00 0.480 1.0 0.000 0.151 0.000 0 5.02E-05 - - - - -
13 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 180 0.00 0.540 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 200 0.00 0.600 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 225 0.00 0.675 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 250 0.00 0.750 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 280 0.00 0.840 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 315 0.00 0.945 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 355 0.00 1.065 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Ball valve | standard, β = 1 400 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Ball Valve (F1e) 0m

page 3 of 6

 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

uPVC Spring Check Valve

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Spring Check Valve 20 0.00 2.400 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Spring Check Valve 25 0.00 3.000 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Spring Check Valve 32 0.00 3.840 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Spring Check Valve 40 0.00 4.800 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Spring Check Valve 50 0.00 6.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Spring Check Valve 63 0.00 7.560 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Spring Check Valve 75 0.00 9.000 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Spring Check Valve 90 0.00 10.800 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Spring Check Valve 110 0.00 13.200 1.0 0.000 0.103 0.000 0 3.45E-05 - - - - -
10 Spring Check Valve 125 0.00 15.000 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 Spring Check Valve 140 0.00 16.800 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Spring Check Valve 160 0.00 19.200 1.0 0.000 0.151 0.000 0 5.02E-05 - - - - -
13 Spring Check Valve 180 0.00 21.600 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Spring Check Valve 200 0.00 24.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Spring Check Valve 225 0.00 27.000 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Spring Check Valve 250 0.00 30.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Spring Check Valve 280 0.00 33.600 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Spring Check Valve 315 0.00 37.800 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Spring Check Valve 355 0.00 42.600 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Spring Check Valve 400 0.00 48.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Spring Check Valve (F1f) 0m

uPVC Butterfly Valve

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Butter y Valve 20 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Butter y Valve 25 0.00 1.000 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Butter y Valve 32 0.00 1.280 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Butter y Valve 40 0.00 1.600 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Butter y Valve 50 0.00 2.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Butter y Valve 63 0.00 2.520 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Butter y Valve 75 0.00 3.000 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Butter y Valve 90 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Butter y Valve 110 5.00 4.400 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.010 0.524
10 Butter y Valve 125 1.00 5.000 1.0 52.800 0.118 1.350 177,885 3.92E-05 3.48E+21 1.54E-11 0.0162 0.006 0.064
11 Butter y Valve 140 0.00 5.600 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Butter y Valve 160 1.00 6.400 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.002 0.025
13 Butter y Valve 180 0.00 7.200 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Butter y Valve 200 0.00 8.000 4.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Butter y Valve 225 0.00 9.000 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Butter y Valve 250 0.00 10.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Butter y Valve 280 0.00 11.200 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Butter y Valve 315 0.00 12.600 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Butter y Valve 355 0.00 14.200 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Butter y Valve 400 0.00 16.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Butterfly Valve 0.613 m

page 4 of 6
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 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

uPVC Wafer Valve

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 20 0.00 2.700 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 25 0.00 3.375 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 32 0.00 4.320 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 40 0.00 5.400 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 50 0.00 6.750 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 63 0.00 8.505 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 75 0.00 10.125 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 90 0.00 12.150 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 110 0.00 14.850 1.0 0.000 0.103 0.000 0 3.45E-05 - - - - -
10 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 125 0.00 16.875 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 140 0.00 18.900 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 160 0.00 21.600 1.0 0.000 0.151 0.000 0 5.02E-05 - - - - -
13 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 180 0.00 24.300 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 200 0.00 27.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 225 0.00 30.375 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 250 0.00 33.750 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 280 0.00 37.800 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 315 0.00 42.525 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 355 0.00 47.925 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Swing Wafer Valve | Vmin = 35 [ρ (lbm/ft^3)]-1/2 400 0.00 54.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Wafer Valve (F1h) 0m

Double Door Wafer Check valve

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Double Door Wafer Check valve 20 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
2 Double Door Wafer Check valve 25 0.00 1.000 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.70E-06 - - - - -
3 Double Door Wafer Check valve 32 0.00 1.280 1.0 0.000 0.030 0.000 0 9.87E-06 - - - - -
4 Double Door Wafer Check valve 40 0.00 1.600 1.0 0.000 0.037 0.000 0 1.23E-05 - - - - -
5 Double Door Wafer Check valve 50 0.00 2.000 1.0 0.000 0.046 0.000 0 1.54E-05 - - - - -
6 Double Door Wafer Check valve 63 0.00 2.520 1.0 0.000 0.058 0.000 0 1.94E-05 - - - - -
7 Double Door Wafer Check valve 75 0.00 3.000 1.0 0.000 0.069 0.000 0 2.31E-05 - - - - -
8 Double Door Wafer Check valve 90 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.083 0.000 0 2.78E-05 - - - - -
9 Double Door Wafer Check valve 110 1.00 4.400 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.010 0.105
10 Double Door Wafer Check valve 125 0.00 5.000 1.0 0.000 0.118 0.000 0 3.92E-05 - - - - -
11 Double Door Wafer Check valve 140 0.00 5.600 1.0 0.000 0.132 0.000 0 4.39E-05 - - - - -
12 Double Door Wafer Check valve 160 1.00 6.400 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.002 0.025
13 Double Door Wafer Check valve 180 0.00 7.200 1.0 0.000 0.169 0.000 0 5.64E-05 - - - - -
14 Double Door Wafer Check valve 200 0.00 8.000 1.0 0.000 0.188 0.000 0 6.27E-05 - - - - -
15 Double Door Wafer Check valve 225 0.00 9.000 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
16 Double Door Wafer Check valve 250 0.00 10.000 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
17 Double Door Wafer Check valve 280 0.00 11.200 1.0 0.000 0.263 0.000 0 8.78E-05 - - - - -
18 Double Door Wafer Check valve 315 0.00 12.600 1.0 0.000 0.296 0.000 0 9.88E-05 - - - - -
19 Double Door Wafer Check valve 355 0.00 14.200 1.0 0.000 0.334 0.000 0 1.11E-04 - - - - -
20 Double Door Wafer Check valve 400 0.00 16.000 1.0 0.000 0.376 0.000 0 1.25E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for Double Door Wafer Check valve (F1i) 0.13 m

page 5 of 6

 F1 : UPVC FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

Reducers In Converging or Diverging mode

Diam. Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diam. Input Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Output Do/Di Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 160 125 0.781 1.00 52.50 1.0 52.800 0.151 0.824 138,999 5.02E-05 2.33E+21 7.98E-10 0.0171 0.020 0.206
2 125 80 0.640 1.00 125.00 1.0 52.800 0.118 1.350 177,885 3.92E-05 3.48E+21 1.54E-11 0.0162 0.157 1.604
3 63 110 1.746 1.00 22.00 1.0 52.800 0.058 5.494 358,821 1.94E-05 1.04E+22 2.05E-16 0.0142 0.804 8.225
4 110 150 1.364 1.00 13.80 1.0 52.800 0.103 1.747 202,314 3.45E-05 4.28E+21 1.97E-12 0.0158 0.032 0.328
5 150 110 0.733 1.00 52.50 1.0 52.800 0.141 0.939 148,364 4.70E-05 2.59E+21 2.81E-10 0.0168 0.028 0.282
6 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
7 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
8 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
9 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
10 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
11 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
12 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
13 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
14 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
15 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
16 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
17 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
18 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
19 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
20 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.01 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for uPVC Wafer Valve (F1j) 10.646 m

Equivalent Lengths
Do/Di
(Le/D)
0.4 1,150 m
0.45 785 m
0.5 420 m
0.55 297.5 m
0.6 175 m
0.65 125 m
0.7 75 m
0.75 52.5 m
0.8 30 m
0.85 20 m
0.9 10 m
1.12 1.7 m
1.21 5.65 m
1.3 9.6 m
1.4 13.8 m
1.5 18 m
1.6 21.5 m
1.7 25 m
1.85 28.5 m
2.0 32 m
2.25 36.5 m
2.5 41 m
2.75 43.5 m
3.0 46 m
3.5 48.5 m
4.0 51 m

page 6 of 6

 P2 : HDPE PIPES PRESSURE LOSS

PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION P2 : HDPE PIPES

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics Date: 04/04/2023
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3 Pipe Manufacturer Hepworth (UAE) Churchill's Equation (for any Re and ε/D) Darcy Weisbach
Darcy
Equation
Weisbach Equation
Turn Over 0.25 hours Pipe Manufacturing Standard HDPE SDR11 PE100
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr Nominal Pressure PN PN16 f = 8((8/Re)12 + 1/(A+B)1.5)1/12 ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
# Filters per network line 1 Pipes Roughness 0.003 mm A = (-2.457ln((7/Re)0.9+0.27ε/D))16
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr Water Operating Temperature 28 °C B = (37530/Re)16
Direction of flow
Viscosity of Fluid 0.89 mPa.s
Density of Fluid 997 kg/m3
Acceleration due to gravity (g) 9.807 m/s2 1 P1-P2 2

Head Point Head Total Flow Flow Rate Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional FrictionalTotal
Pipe Dia (D) (F) Internal Diameter (d) Number Factor
S.No (h1) Point (h2) Length Divider (V) ε/D A B Head Loss Head Loss
Head loss
mm m m (m) Factor m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m m
1 20 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.018 0.000 0 5.95E-06 - - - - - 0m
2 25 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.50E-06 - - - - - 0m
3 32 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.029 0.000 0 9.60E-06 - - - - - 0m
4 40 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.036 0.000 0 1.20E-05 - - - - - 0m
5 50 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.045 0.000 0 1.50E-05 - - - - - 0m
6 63 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.057 0.000 0 1.90E-05 - - - - - 0m
7 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.068 0.000 0 2.26E-05 - - - - - 0m
8 90 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.081 0.000 0 2.71E-05 - - - - - 0m
9 110 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.099 0.000 0 3.32E-05 - - - - - 0m
10 125 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.113 0.000 0 3.77E-05 - - - - - 0m
11 140 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.127 0.000 0 4.22E-05 - - - - - 0m
12 160 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.145 0.000 0 4.82E-05 - - - - - 0m
13 180 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.163 0.000 0 5.42E-05 - - - - - 0m
14 200 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.181 0.000 0 6.03E-05 - - - - - 0m
15 225 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.203 0.000 0 6.78E-05 - - - - - 0m
16 250 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.226 0.000 0 7.54E-05 - - - - - 0m
17 280 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.253 0.000 0 8.44E-05 - - - - - 0m
18 315 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.285 0.000 0 9.50E-05 - - - - - 0m
19 355 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.321 0.000 0 1.07E-04 - - - - - 0m
20 400 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.360 0.000 0 1.20E-04 - - - - - 0m
Total HDPE Pipes Head Loss (P2) 0m

page 1 of 1

 F1 : HDPE FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION F1 : HDPE FITTINGS

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics Date: 04/04/2023
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System General Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3 Pipe Manufacturer Hepworth (UAE) Churchill's Equation (for any Re and ε/D) Darcy Weisbach
Darcy
Equation
Weisbach Equation
Turn Over 0.25 hours Pipe Manufacturing Standard HDPE SDR11 PE100
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr Nominal Pressure PN PN16 f = 8((8/Re)12 + 1/(A+B)1.5)1/12 ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
ΔP = f (L/D) (ρV²/2)
# Filters per network line 1 Pipes Roughness 0.003 mm A = (-2.457ln((7/Re)0.9+0.27ε/D))16
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr Water Operating Temperature 28 °C B = (37530/Re)16
Viscosity of Fluid 0.89 mPa.s
Density of Fluid 997 kg/m3
Acceleration due to gravity (g) 9.807 m/s2

HDPE 90 Deg Elbow

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.600 1.0 0.000 0.018 0.000 0 5.95E-06 - - - - -
2 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.750 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.50E-06 - - - - -
3 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.960 1.0 0.000 0.029 0.000 0 9.60E-06 - - - - -
4 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 40 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.036 0.000 0 1.20E-05 - - - - -
5 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 50 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.045 0.000 0 1.50E-05 - - - - -
6 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.890 1.0 0.000 0.057 0.000 0 1.90E-05 - - - - -
7 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 75 0.00 2.250 1.0 0.000 0.068 0.000 0 2.26E-05 - - - - -
8 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 90 0.00 2.700 1.0 0.000 0.081 0.000 0 2.71E-05 - - - - -
9 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 110 0.00 3.300 1.0 0.000 0.099 0.000 0 3.32E-05 - - - - -
10 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 125 0.00 3.750 1.0 0.000 0.113 0.000 0 3.77E-05 - - - - -
11 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 140 0.00 4.200 1.0 0.000 0.127 0.000 0 4.22E-05 - - - - -
12 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 160 0.00 4.800 1.0 0.000 0.145 0.000 0 4.82E-05 - - - - -
13 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 180 0.00 5.400 1.0 0.000 0.163 0.000 0 5.42E-05 - - - - -
14 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 200 0.00 6.000 1.0 0.000 0.181 0.000 0 6.03E-05 - - - - -
15 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 225 0.00 6.750 1.0 0.000 0.203 0.000 0 6.78E-05 - - - - -
16 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 250 0.00 7.500 1.0 0.000 0.226 0.000 0 7.54E-05 - - - - -
17 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 280 0.00 8.400 1.0 0.000 0.253 0.000 0 8.44E-05 - - - - -
18 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 315 0.00 9.450 1.0 0.000 0.285 0.000 0 9.50E-05 - - - - -
19 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 355 0.00 10.650 1.0 0.000 0.321 0.000 0 1.07E-04 - - - - -
20 90° Elbow Curved, Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 400 0.00 12.000 1.0 0.000 0.360 0.000 0 1.20E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for HDPE 90deg Elbow (F1a) 0m

page 1 of 4

 F1 : HDPE FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

In Line HDPE Tee

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.018 0.000 0 5.95E-06 - - - - -
2 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.500 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.50E-06 - - - - -
3 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.640 1.0 0.000 0.029 0.000 0 9.60E-06 - - - - -
4 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 40 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.036 0.000 0 1.20E-05 - - - - -
5 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 50 0.00 1.000 1.0 0.000 0.045 0.000 0 1.50E-05 - - - - -
6 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.260 1.0 0.000 0.057 0.000 0 1.90E-05 - - - - -
7 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 75 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.068 0.000 0 2.26E-05 - - - - -
8 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 90 0.00 1.800 1.0 0.000 0.081 0.000 0 2.71E-05 - - - - -
9 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 110 0.00 2.200 1.0 0.000 0.099 0.000 0 3.32E-05 - - - - -
10 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 125 0.00 2.500 1.0 0.000 0.113 0.000 0 3.77E-05 - - - - -
11 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 140 0.00 2.800 1.0 0.000 0.127 0.000 0 4.22E-05 - - - - -
12 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 160 0.00 3.200 1.0 0.000 0.145 0.000 0 4.82E-05 - - - - -
13 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 180 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.163 0.000 0 5.42E-05 - - - - -
14 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 200 0.00 4.000 1.0 0.000 0.181 0.000 0 6.03E-05 - - - - -
15 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 225 0.00 4.500 1.0 0.000 0.203 0.000 0 6.78E-05 - - - - -
16 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 250 0.00 5.000 1.0 0.000 0.226 0.000 0 7.54E-05 - - - - -
17 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 280 0.00 5.600 1.0 0.000 0.253 0.000 0 8.44E-05 - - - - -
18 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 315 0.00 6.300 1.0 0.000 0.285 0.000 0 9.50E-05 - - - - -
19 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 355 0.00 7.100 1.0 0.000 0.321 0.000 0 1.07E-04 - - - - -
20 Tee Run-through | threaded (r/D = 1) 400 0.00 8.000 1.0 0.000 0.360 0.000 0 1.20E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for HDPE In line Tee (F1b) 0m

Tee through branch HDPE Tee

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 20 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.018 0.000 0 5.95E-06 - - - - -
2 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 25 0.00 1.500 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.50E-06 - - - - -
3 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 32 0.00 1.920 1.0 0.000 0.029 0.000 0 9.60E-06 - - - - -
4 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 40 0.00 2.400 1.0 0.000 0.036 0.000 0 1.20E-05 - - - - -
5 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 50 0.00 3.000 1.0 0.000 0.045 0.000 0 1.50E-05 - - - - -
6 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 63 0.00 3.780 1.0 0.000 0.057 0.000 0 1.90E-05 - - - - -
7 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 75 0.00 4.500 1.0 0.000 0.068 0.000 0 2.26E-05 - - - - -
8 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 90 0.00 5.400 1.0 0.000 0.081 0.000 0 2.71E-05 - - - - -
9 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 110 0.00 6.600 1.0 0.000 0.099 0.000 0 3.32E-05 - - - - -
10 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 125 0.00 7.500 1.0 0.000 0.113 0.000 0 3.77E-05 - - - - -
11 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 140 0.00 8.400 1.0 0.000 0.127 0.000 0 4.22E-05 - - - - -
12 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 160 0.00 9.600 1.0 0.000 0.145 0.000 0 4.82E-05 - - - - -
13 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 180 0.00 10.800 1.0 0.000 0.163 0.000 0 5.42E-05 - - - - -
14 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 200 0.00 12.000 1.0 0.000 0.181 0.000 0 6.03E-05 - - - - -
15 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 225 0.00 13.500 1.0 0.000 0.203 0.000 0 6.78E-05 - - - - -
16 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 250 0.00 15.000 1.0 0.000 0.226 0.000 0 7.54E-05 - - - - -
17 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 280 0.00 16.800 1.0 0.000 0.253 0.000 0 8.44E-05 - - - - -
18 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 315 0.00 18.900 1.0 0.000 0.285 0.000 0 9.50E-05 - - - - -
19 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 355 0.00 21.300 1.0 0.000 0.321 0.000 0 1.07E-04 - - - - -
20 Tee Through-branch as an Elbow | threaded (r/D = 1) 400 0.00 24.000 1.0 0.000 0.360 0.000 0 1.20E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for HDPE Branch Tee (F1c) 0m

page 2 of 4

 F1 : HDPE FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

HDPE 45 Deg Elbow

Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diameter Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Description Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 20 0.00 0.320 1.0 0.000 0.018 0.000 0 5.95E-06 - - - - -
2 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 25 0.00 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.023 0.000 0 7.50E-06 - - - - -
3 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 32 0.00 0.512 1.0 0.000 0.029 0.000 0 9.60E-06 - - - - -
4 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 40 0.00 0.640 1.0 0.000 0.036 0.000 0 1.20E-05 - - - - -
5 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 50 0.00 0.800 1.0 0.000 0.045 0.000 0 1.50E-05 - - - - -
6 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 63 0.00 1.008 1.0 0.000 0.057 0.000 0 1.90E-05 - - - - -
7 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 75 0.00 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.068 0.000 0 2.26E-05 - - - - -
8 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 90 0.00 1.440 1.0 0.000 0.081 0.000 0 2.71E-05 - - - - -
9 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 110 0.00 1.760 1.0 0.000 0.099 0.000 0 3.32E-05 - - - - -
10 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 125 0.00 2.000 1.0 0.000 0.113 0.000 0 3.77E-05 - - - - -
11 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 140 0.00 2.240 1.0 0.000 0.127 0.000 0 4.22E-05 - - - - -
12 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 160 0.00 2.560 1.0 0.000 0.145 0.000 0 4.82E-05 - - - - -
13 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 180 0.00 2.880 1.0 0.000 0.163 0.000 0 5.42E-05 - - - - -
14 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 200 0.00 3.200 1.0 0.000 0.181 0.000 0 6.03E-05 - - - - -
15 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 225 0.00 3.600 1.0 0.000 0.203 0.000 0 6.78E-05 - - - - -
16 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 250 0.00 4.000 1.0 0.000 0.226 0.000 0 7.54E-05 - - - - -
17 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 280 0.00 4.480 1.0 0.000 0.253 0.000 0 8.44E-05 - - - - -
18 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 315 0.00 5.040 1.0 0.000 0.285 0.000 0 9.50E-05 - - - - -
19 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 355 0.00 5.680 1.0 0.000 0.321 0.000 0 1.07E-04 - - - - -
20 45° Elbow Curved. Threaded | Standard Radius (R/D = 1) 400 0.00 6.400 1.0 0.000 0.360 0.000 0 1.20E-04 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for HDPE 45deg Elbow (F1d) 0m

page 3 of 4

 F1 : HDPE FITTINGS PRESSURE LOSS

HDPE Reducers In Converging or Diverging mode

Diam. Equivalent Internal Fluid Velocity Reynolds Friction Frictional
Diam. Input Qty Flow Divider Flow Rate (F)
Number Factor Total Head loss
S.No. Output Do/Di Length Diameter (d) (V) ε/D A B Head Loss
Factor
mm mm Nos m m3/hr m m/s Re f kg/cm2 m
1 250 90 0.360 0.00 1350.00 1.0 0.000 0.235 0.000 0 7.84E-05 - - - - -
2 225 125 0.556 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.212 0.000 0 7.05E-05 - - - - -
3 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
4 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
5 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
6 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
7 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
8 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
9 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
10 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
11 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
12 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
13 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
14 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
15 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
16 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
17 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
18 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
19 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
20 20 20 1.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 0.000 0.019 0.000 0 6.17E-06 - - - - -
Total Head Loss for HDPE reducers (F1h) 0m

Equivalent Lengths
Do/Di
(Le/D)
0.4 1,150 m
0.5 420 m
0.6 175 m
0.7 75 m
0.8 30 m
0.9 10 m
1.12 1.7 m
1.3 9.6 m
1.5 18 m
1.7 25 m
2.0 32 m
2.5 41 m
3.0 46 m
4.0 51 m

page 4 of 4

 E1 : EQUIPMENTS PRESSURE LOSS

Date: 04/04/2023

PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION E1 : EQUIPMENTS

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System General Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3

Turn Over 0.25 hours
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr
# Filters per network line 1
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr

E1 : Equipments Head Loss:

Head Loss
S.No. Description Head Loss (m)
(PSI)
1 Stainless Steel Strainer | 125 mm 125 mm 0.28 psi 0.197 m
2 Regenerative Filter SP- 29 - 36 - 400 1.52 psi 1.069 m
Total Equipments Head Loss (E1) 1.266 m
 PRESSURE HEAD LOSS CALCULATION B1 and H1

Project: Center of Curiosity (COC)

System: Aquatics Date: 04/04/2023
Water Feature: Waterfall Ramp
Network line: Filtration
Pump: FP-5

System General Parameters

Total Water Tank Volume 13.2 m3

Turn Over 0.25 hours
Total Flow rate 52.8 m3/hr
# Filters per network line 1
Flow Rate per network line 52.8 m3/hr

B1 : Head Gain:
S.No. Description Head Loss (m)
1 Water Surface level at top level of balancing tank 2.975 m
2 Water Surface level at suction level of balancing tank 1.8 m
Total Head Gain (B1) -1.175 m

H1 : Head Loss:
S.No. Description Head Loss (m)
1 Water Surface level at suction 1.8 m
2 Water Surface level at discharge 2.975 m
Total Head Loss (H1) 1.175 m

1