7

English
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Analogy
English – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Analogy
First Edition, 2020
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tary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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Writer: Annah Jehn B. Sentinta
Editors: Dolores L. Carreon and Alver B. Lajera
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 7

English
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Analogy
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Analogy!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the English 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Analogy!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Analogy. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
When you hear the word “relationship”, what comes first into your mind?
Connection or linkage, right? All of us are connected with one another. Everything
that surrounds us is linked with something. We can always see how every person,
object, or idea relate with one another. Thus, we use analogy in our daily lives.

The module has one lesson:

 Lesson 1 – Supplying Words or Expressions That Complete Analogy

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define analogy;
2. analyze the relationships between words used in analogy;
3. determine the appropriate words or expressions to be supplied in analogy;
and
4. supply other words or expressions that complete an analogy.
 What I Know

Before you start this module, take this pretest to find out what you already know
about the topic. Take a comfortable position. Relax and prepare yourself to answer.
Are you ready?

Task 1. Picture Analysis

Observe the two first pictures and understand how they are related. Find the
picture in the given options that is related to the third picture in the same way as
the two first pictures are related. Choose the answer that completes the analogy.
Write your answers in your activity notebook.

1.

a. b. c.

2.

a. b. c.

3.

a. b. c.
Begin here…
 4.

a. b. c.

5.

a. b. c.

After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page .

Task 2. Question Hour

Now that you’ve answered the task, answer the following questions and write your
answers in your activity notebook.

6. Is the activity difficult or not?

______________________________________________________________________________

7. What do you notice with the first two images in the boxes?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
8. How did you come up with your answers?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Well, how was it? Do you think you hit the right answers? Check them using the
Answer Key page. If you fared well, very good! It means that you have known much
about the topic. But don’t be too confident enough, you might learn new things
from this module.

Are you ready?

Let’s begin.
Lesson Supplying Words or
1 Expressions That Complete
Analogy
An analogy is merely a comparison of two things that are usually thought of as
being different, but are similar in some ways. It provides you life-long benefits like
improving your vocabulary skills, speeding up your reading comprehension,
enhancing your Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and developing your verbal
reasoning abilities. Having mastered this skill is like possessing a magic wand for it
eliminates obstacles in your reading comprehension.

What’s In

But before we proceed, let’s have a review first of our previous lesson.

Can you still remember

this?

Can you give other examples? Very good! Now that you have mastered already the
skill in identifying facts from opinions, I could say that you are ready now for our
next lesson.
 Notes to the Teacher
In teaching analogies, subjectivity plays an important role.
Student’s background knowledge, social and cultural contexts,
and socioeconomic status should be considered.

What’s New

Answer the task below. Be sure to carefully read and follow the directions. An
example is provided to guide you in answering.
Task 3. Missing Piece

Find the missing piece in each item below by observing how the two first words are
related. Choose the word in the given options that is related to the third word in the
same way as the two first words are related. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.

Here is an example:

accurate
: precise
:: awful
:
______________

Answer:
disgust- sad
ing
good
grades tree

infant

forest hive

disgust-
ing
Now, it’s your turn…
1.

night
: day
:: happy
:
_______________

2.

husband
: spouse
:: baby
:
_______________

3.

thirst
: drink
:: study
:
_______________

4. student : class-
room :: leaf :
_______________

5. fish : sea : :: lion :

_______________

After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all the items correctly? Good job!
 What’s It

Now, let’s discuss the important points in the task you have just answered. Read it
again and analyze the words in each pair.

1. night : day :: happy : sad

2. husband : spouse :: baby : infant
3. thirst : drink ::study : good grades
4. student : classroom :: leaf : tree
5. fish : sea :: lion : forest

So, what do you notice with each pair in every item? If you say that they show
relationships, then you are correct.

The term that means "word relationships” is called Analogy. It is like a word puzzle.
It always contains two pairs of words. It can be abbreviated like stallion : mare ::
man : woman. The single colon (:) represents the phrase “is to”, and the double
colon (::) represents the word “as”. Thus, it is read a stallion is to mare as man is to
woman.

An analogy shows comparison between things that have similar features, often
used to help explain a principle or idea. The two things being compared may be
completely dissimilar which still helps you to understand something about their
relationship.

Essentially, an analogy helps you understand something abstract or uncommon by

comparing it to something familiar or common to you.

Take a look again at the pairs of words in the task you have answered awhile ago.
In item number 1, which is night is to day as happy is to sad, what do you
think is the relationship of the paired words? If you say that the pairs show an
opposite relationship, then you are correct because night is the opposite of day
and happy is also the opposite of sad. And that type of analogy is called
Antonyms.
What about item number 2?Yes, the pairs show a similar relationship or have the
same meaning because husband and spouse have the same meaning as well as
the second paired words which are baby and infant. It is called Synonyms.

Let’s proceed to item number 3. What do you observe? Right! The analogies contain
words that are the causes, or the sources of some actions or conditions which are
thirst and study and the other words that are the effects, or the results or
consequences which are drink and good grades. And that type is called Cause
and Effect.

Then, let’s have item number 4. What does this analogy consist of? If you say that
it contains the part, or section of something larger, and the whole, or the entire
entity, then you are absolutely right! In this case, student and leaf are parts of
classroom and tree. And we call this type of analogy as Part to whole.

And the last item is number 5. What do you notice with the compared words? Do
they tell locations? If you say yes, then you are correct as sea and forest are
locations for fish and lion. And that is called Location as a type of analogy.

What’s More

Knowing those important points will be useless unless applied. Now, let’s see if you
have absorbed them by answering correctly the following task. Be sure to carefully
read and follow the directions. An example is provided to guide you in answering.

Task 4. Type to Tell!

Analyze the relationship in each analogy and identify its type from the choices
given. Write your answers in your activity notebook.

Here is an example: near : far :: smart : stupid

Answer: Type: Antonyms

Antonyms

Cause and Effect

Location

Part to Whole

Now, it’s your turn… Synonyms

1. wing : bird :: tire : car

Type:__________
2. winter : summer :: wet : dry

Type:__________

3. allow : permit :: find : locate

Type:__________

4. bats : caves :: humans : houses

Type:__________

5. finger: hand :: wheel : car

Type:__________

6. bad : terrible :: funny : hilarious

Type:__________

7. bees: beehives :: birds : nests

Type:__________

8. chaos : peace :: cordial : hostile

Type:__________

9. teasing : quarrel :: speeding : ticket

Type:__________

10. rain : flood :: earthquake : collapse

Type:_____

Done? If yes, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all the items correctly? Excellent!

What I Have Learned

Now, let’s see if you have acquired something out of the main points that we have
discussed and you have applied in the previous tasks. Be sure to carefully read and
follow the directions.

Task 5. Complete Me!

Read the following paragraphs and fill the blanks with your answers. Write your
answers in your activity notebook.
The term that means "word relationships” is called(1.)_________. It is like a word
(2.)__________ that always contains (3.)__________of words.

It can be abbreviated. The single colon (:) represents the phrase(4.)_________, and
the double colon (::) represents the word (5.)___________.

Some types of analogy are (6.)_________ which shows opposite relationships;

(7.)__________ which shows similar relationship or have the same
meaning;(8.)__________ which contains words that are sources of some actions or
conditions and words that are results or consequences;(9.) __________ which
contains the section of something larger, and the entire entity; and
(10.)__________which shows location of something.

Are you ready to check your answers now? If yes, compare them with those in the
Answer Key page. Did you answer all the items correctly? Wow, you’re smart!

What I Can Do

Inevitably, we deal with analogies in our day to day existence, right? Now, let’s see
if you could use your knowledge in analogy in the following task by using the
surrounding where you are in right now. Be sure to carefully read and follow the
directions. An example is provided to guide you in answering.
Task 6. Relate Much…
Using any type of analogy that we have discussed, make a simple and short
presentation that introduces your family. Make sure to use atleast five(5) examples
of analogy in your output and identify them in your sentences using underlines.
Write your output in your activity notebook.
Here is an example:

Let mee tell you about my family. My family has 5 members - Nanay, Tatay,
Kuya, Ate and me. We live in Koronadal City. My Nanay is like a chicken
because she is always insane. My Tatay is like a bee because he is always
busy. My Kuya is like a monkey because he always copies me.My Ate is like
a snake because she likes sleeping after eating.
We’ve got five pets-a dog, a cat, a bird, a chicken and a pig. They are like my
babies because I take good care of all of them unconditionally.
See? This is my family and it’s like a pack of assorted candies that each I
love differently.
Now, it’s your turn…

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

You answered so fast! Do you want to check your answer now? If yes, compare it
with that in the Answer Key page. Did you answer the task correctly? That’s great!

Assessment

Now, let’s evaluate how well you have understood the lesson. Be sure to carefully
read and follow the directions. An example is provided to guide you in answering.

Using your knowledge on analogy, make an advertisement of your favorite product.

Use one(1) type of analogy in your script. Identify the words that show relationships
and write the type to which they belong. Present your output infront of your family
members and have it recorded using a cellular phones’s camera. Check the given
rubric below to guide you in making your output. Write your script in your activity
notebook.

Here is an example:

Product: Olympian Donuts

Type: Synonyms

Script: Is your boredom with your donuts the same with your weariness during this
quarantine? Then, why prolong that misery? Introducing new Olympian Donuts! It
tastes like ambrosia for it brings a new kind of pleasure to your every bite! Try it
now!

Words that show relationships:

  boredom with your donuts is to weariness during this quarantine
 Olympian Donuts is to ambrosia

Category Excellent Very Satisfactory Poor

(4) Satisfactory (2) (1)
(3)
Originality The The The The
advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement
shows shows some contains of is other
significant evidence of other people's people's
evidence of originality and ideas. There is ideas. There is
originality.The inventiveness. little evidence no evidence of
majority of the of new new thought.
content and thought.
ideas are fresh
and genuine.
Use of The The The The
Analogy adevertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement
has one (1) has one (1) has one (1) has no
type of analogy type of type of analogy.
and they are analogy. There analogy. The
clearly and is an attempt attempt to
correctly to label and label and
labeled and identify them, identify them
identified. but some are incorrect.
mistakes are
made.
Delivery The presenter The presenter Presenter is The presenter
is very well- is very well- somewhat is clearly
prepared and prepared and prepared. unprepared to
delivers the delivers the Delivery of the present to the
advertisement advertisement advertisement audience.
in a clear and with lots of is made but Lack of eye
concise eye contact, with strong contact, poor
manner appropriate dependence voice, volume,
without voice volume, on notes and tone and
depending too tone and hesitation. pacing are
much on pacing. Some eye evident.
notes. Volume, Gestures contacts, good Inappropriate
pacing and support the voice volume, gestures
gestures overall tone, pacing destract the
contribute presentation. appropriate presentation.
maximally to gestures are
the evident.
presentation.
Props The presenter The presenter The presenter The presenter
uses at least 3 uses 1-2 uses 1-2 does not use
props that props that props but are props to
enhance the enhance the not fit for the enhace the
presentation. presentation. presentation. presentation.

Now, it’s your turn…

Product:______________________

Type: _________________________

Script:
___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Words that show relationships:

 _____________________________
 _____________________________

After answering, compare your answer with that in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer the test correctly? Awesome!

Additional Activities

To intensify what you have learned about analogy, answer these activities. Be sure
to carefully read and follow the directions. Examples are provided to guide you in
answering. Write all your answers in your activity notebook.

A. Supply appropriate words that complete each analogy below. The type is written
as your guide.

Here is an example:

happy:______ :: sad:_______(Synonyms)

Answer: happy : joyful :: sad : depressed

Now, it’s your turn…

1.inflation:__________::__________:strong (Antonyms)
2.petal:__________::keyboard:__________ (Part to whole)

3.__________:fortunate::thankful:__________ (Synonyms)

4.Mt. Matutum:__________::Mt. Parker:__________ (Location)

5.__________: yawning::__________: scratching(Cause and Effect)

B. Provide one(1) example for each type of analogy we have discussed. Write the
relationship opposite to it.

Here is an example:

easy: difficult :: new : old (Antonyms)

Now, it’s your turn…

1.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )

2.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )

3.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )

4.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )

5.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )

After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all those items correctly? Awesome!

Congratulations! You have completed this module on Analogy!

Answer Key
References
"A Guide For Teaching With Analogies - | Critical Thinking". 2020. Teachthought.
https://www.teachthought.com/critical-thinking/types-of-analogies/.
"Analogy - Examples And Definition Of Analogy". 2020. Literary Devices.
https://literarydevices.net/analogy/.
"Analogy | Nature | Free 30-Day Trial | Scribd". 2020. Scribd.
https://www.scribd.com/document/367647035/Analogy.
"Analogy Examples". 2020. Examples.Yourdictionary.Com.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-ex.html.
"How Analogies Challenge And Benefit The Gifted Learner | National Association
For Gifted Children". 2020. Nagc.Org. https://www.nagc.org/blog/how-analogies-
challenge-and-benefit-gifted-learner.
2020. Bmcc.Cuny.Edu. https://www.bmcc.cuny.edu/wp-
content/uploads/ported/lrc/studyskills/factsandopinions.pdf.
Worksheets, Picture, Logical Aptitude), and Picture Analogy. 2020. "Free Printable
Picture Analogy Worksheets - Logical Reasoning -
Megaworkbook". Megaworkbook.Com. http://www.megaworkbook.com/general-
aptitude/picture-analogy.
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