Part C: National Standard For Commercial Vessels

National Standard
for
Commercial Vessels
PART C
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 6
STABILITY
Subsection 6A
INTACT STABILITY REQUIREMENTS
National Standard for Commercial Vessels Part C, Section 6, Subsection 6A
Edition 1.3
Draft for comment of Edition 1 was issued on 10 October 2006.
Edition 1 was endorsed by the Australian Transport Council on 29 February
2008, and first published in April 2008.
This compilation was prepared by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority

on 24 July 2018 taking into account:
- Amendment 1, October 2010;
- Amendment No.1, 2016 that was approved by the National Marine
Safety Regulator on 7 June 2016 to commence on 10 June 2016;
and
- Amendment No.2, 2018 that was approved by the National Marine
Safety Regulator on 23 July 2018 to commence on 24 July 2018.
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Subsection 6A – Intact Stability Requirements
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July 2018 Page 2 Edition 1.3

FOREWORD
This Subsection of the National Standard for Commercial Vessels (NSCV)
was developed following a review of the Uniform Shipping Laws (USL)
Code Section 8: Stability, Subsection 8A: Preliminary, Subsection B:
Simplified Presentation of Stability and Sub-Section C: Stability Criteria. In
reviewing the USL Code and preparing this Subsection, consideration was
given to a number of factors, including:
a) The National Marine Safety Strategy.
b) Current vessel designs and construction practices.
c) Relevant national and international standards.
d) Provisions no longer used.
e) Current survey practice, both formal and informal.
f) Discretionary requirements which rely on Authority approval.
g) Current technical standards format and style.
This Part of the National Standard for Commercial Vessels must be read in
conjunction with Part B—General Requirements, Part C—Design and
Construction Subsection 2A⎯Watertight and Weathertight Integrity—Load
Line Vessels, Subsection 6B—Buoyancy and Stability After Flooding and
Subsection 6C—Stability Tests and Stability Information.
This Subsection of the NSCV was prepared by the NMSC Secretariat in
consultation with a working group comprising representatives from the
various State and Territory marine authorities. In addition specialist advice
was sought on a number of issues.
This draft Subsection was released for public comment on
10 October 2005, along with a draft Regulatory Impact Statement (RIS). A
reference group comprising industry and government reviewed the public
comment on Subsection 6A on 13 and 14 March 2006 and 29 and 30 May
2006. Due to the extent of changes arising from their deliberations, the
reference group recommended that the revised draft be subject to a second
round of public comment. The second draft was released for public
comment on 10 October 2006. The reference group met on 20 and 21
March 2007, with recommendations forwarded to NMSC.
NMSC approved this Subsection on 30 May 2007, with the Office of Best
Practice Regulation reporting that the final RIS was satisfactory on the
28 September 2007. The Australian Transport Council (ATC) endorsed the
document for publication on 29 February 2008.
Edition 1 was later subject to a correction amendment. Amendment 1 to
Clauses 1.7, 5.5.3, 6.3.5.3, 8.6, H4.2, J5, J6 and Tables 6 and 11 was
endorsed by NMSC on 5 October 2010 and published in October 2010.

CONTENTS
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................3
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1 PRELIMINARY....................................................................................9
1.1 Scope ..................................................................................................9
1.2 Application...........................................................................................9
1.3 Objectives of NSCV Part C Section 6 ................................................9
1.4 Objectives of Subsections 6A and 6C ................................................9
1.5 Use of NSCV Part C Subsection C6A of the national Standard ......10
1.6 Referenced documents.....................................................................12
1.7 Definitions .........................................................................................12
1.8 Basic concepts and symbols ............................................................19
CHAPTER 2 INTACT STABILITY OUTCOMES AND SOLUTIONS .....................22
2.1 Scope ................................................................................................22
Required outcomes ......................................................................................22
2.2 conditions of loading to be safe ........................................................22
2.3 Vessel to be capable of withstanding the effect of heeling
moments ...........................................................................................22
2.4 Stability of a vessel to be established and verified ..........................22
2.5 Stability analysis to be appropriate...................................................22
2.6 Stability analysis to be sufficiently accurate .....................................23
Deemed-to-satisfy solutions .........................................................................23
2.7 Compliance .......................................................................................23
Equivalent solutions ......................................................................................23
2.8 Assessment methods .......................................................................23
CHAPTER 3 DETERMINING THE APPLICABLE INTACT STABILITY CRITERIA24
3.1 Scope ................................................................................................24
3.2 Application.........................................................................................24
3.3 Types of stability criteria ...................................................................24
3.4 Multipurpose vessels ........................................................................24
3.5 Deemed-to-satisfy criteria .................................................................24
3.5.1 Maximum displacement and longitudinal stability criteria ..24
3.5.2 Transverse stability.............................................................24
3.6 Multihull vessels with three or more hulls.........................................26
3.7 Anti-rolling devices ............................................................................29

3.8 Criteria for maximum allowable angle of heel due to heeling

moments ...........................................................................................29
3.9 Tests and calculations used to determine compliance ....................30
3.10 Operational restrictions .....................................................................30
CHAPTER 4 MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT AND LONGITUDINAL STABILITY
CRITERIA .........................................................................................31
4.1 Scope ................................................................................................31
4.2 Application.........................................................................................31
4.3 Chapter 4A criteria—Maximum load criteria ....................................31
4.4 Chapter 4B criteria—Longitudinal stability criteria ...........................31
4.5 Testing and calculations ...................................................................32
CHAPTER 5 COMPREHENSIVE STABILITY CRITERIA OF GENERAL
APPLICATION ..................................................................................33
5.1 Scope ................................................................................................33
5.2 Application.........................................................................................33
5.3 Prerequisites for application of comprehensive criteria of general
application .........................................................................................33
5.4 Chapter 5A criteria—Comprehensive criteria of general application
to all vessels .....................................................................................34
5.5 Chapter 5B criteria—Alternative comprehensive criteria of general
application to catamarans in operational areas B, C, D and E ........36
5.6 Chapter 5C criteria—Alternative comprehensive criteria of general
application in operational areas D and E .........................................39
5.7 Chapter 5D criteria—Alternative comprehensive criteria for dumb
barges ...............................................................................................40
CHAPTER 6 ADDITIONAL COMPREHENSIVE STABILITY CRITERIA FOR
SPECIAL OPERATIONS ..................................................................42
6.1 Scope ................................................................................................42
6.2 Application.........................................................................................42
6.3 Sail criteria for monohulls .................................................................42
6.3.4 Chapter 6A criteria—Additional criteria for monohull
vessels that set sails .........................................................................43
6.3.5 Chapter 6B criteria—Alternative additional criteria for
monohull vessels that set sail of length less than 24 m ...................45
6.4 Sail criteria for Catamarans ..............................................................46
6.4.4 Chapter 6C criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for
catamaran vessels that set sails ......................................................47
6.5 Vessels engaged in lifting .................................................................48
6.5.4 Chapter 6D criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion
for vessels that lift masses ...............................................................49

6.5.5 Chapter 6E criteria—Alternative additional comprehensive

criteria for vessels that lift masses ...................................................50
6.5.6 Chapter 6F criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion
for vessels that employ counter ballasting or counterweights when
engaged in lifting ...............................................................................51
6.6 Vessels engaged in towing ...............................................................53
6.6.3 Chapter 6G criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion
for vessels engaged in towing ..........................................................54
6.7 Vessels Engaged in trawling ............................................................55
6.7.3 Chapter 6H criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for
vessels engaged in trawling .............................................................55
6.8 Additional criteria for sheltered water crane barges while on
transfer voyages at sea ....................................................................56
6.8.2 Chapter 6J Criteria— Additional comprehensive criteria for
sheltered water crane barges while on transfer voyages at sea .....57
6.9 Additional criteria for sheltered water bucket dredgers while on
transfer voyages at sea ....................................................................59
6.9.2 Chapter 6K Criteria— Additional criteria for sheltered water
bucket dredgers while on transfer voyages at sea...........................60
CHAPTER 7 SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF GENERAL APPLICATION ..................61
7.1 Scope ................................................................................................61
7.2 Application.........................................................................................61
7.3 Chapter 7A criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application in operational areas C, D and E .....................................61
7.4 Chapter 7B criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application in operational areas C, D and E .....................................67
7.5 Chapter 7C criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application to collared vessels in operational areas C, D and E......73
7.6 Chapter 7D criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application to specified small vessels in operational
areas D and E ...................................................................................75
7.7 Chapter 7E criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application to catamaran vessels operating in operational
areas D and E ...................................................................................76
7.8 Chapter 7F criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of general
application for dumb barges in operational areas D and E ..............77
CHAPTER 8 SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA FOR VESSELS ENGAGED IN SPECIAL
OPERATIONS ..................................................................................79
8.1 Scope ................................................................................................79
8.2 Application.........................................................................................79

8.3 Chapter 8A criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for monohull

sailing vessels in operational areas D and E......................................79
8.4 Chapter 8B criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for catamaran
vessels that carry sail in operational areas D and E ........................81
8.5 Chapter 8C criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for vessels
lifting heavy loads in operational areas D and E ..............................82
8.6 Chapter 8D criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for dumb
barges lifting heavy loads .................................................................84
ANNEX A HEEL DUE TO PERSON CROWDING ............................................86
A1 Scope ................................................................................................86
A2 Application.........................................................................................86
A3 Person crowding, its lever and VCG for different types of
operations .........................................................................................86
A4 Person heeling moments ..................................................................87
A5 Person crowding moment calculation...............................................87
ANNEX B HEEL DUE TO WIND .......................................................................89
B1 Scope ................................................................................................89
B2 Application.........................................................................................89
B3 Wind pressure, windage area and wind lever for different types of
operations .........................................................................................89
B4 Heeling moment calculation .............................................................89
ANNEX C HEEL DUE TO TURNING ................................................................91
C1 Scope ................................................................................................91
C2 Application.........................................................................................91
C3 Calculation of heeling moment from turning.....................................91
ANNEX D HEEL DUE TO WIND ON A VESSEL UNDER SAIL .......................92
D1 Scope ................................................................................................92
D2 Application.........................................................................................92
D3 Profile area subject to wind ..............................................................92
D4 Heeling moment calculation .............................................................92
ANNEX E CALCULATIONS FOR THE HEELING EFFECT OF LIFTING ........94
E1 Scope ................................................................................................94
E2 Application.........................................................................................94
E3 Load, its lever and VCG for different types of lifting operations ......94
E4 Loading condition calculation ...........................................................95
E5 Heeling moment calculation .............................................................95
E6 Worst case scenarios .......................................................................97
ANNEX F HEEL DUE TO TOWING ..................................................................98
F1 Scope ................................................................................................98

F2 Application.........................................................................................98
F3 Heeling moment calculation .............................................................98
F4 Loading condition calculation ...........................................................99
ANNEX G CALCULATIONS FOR THE HEELING EFFECT OF A TRAWL
NET SNAGGING ............................................................................100
G1 Scope ..............................................................................................100
G2 Application.......................................................................................100
G3 Snagged net load, its lever and VCG .............................................100
G4 Depth and scope of trawl ................................................................100
G5 Loading condition calculation .........................................................100
G6 Heeling moment calculation ...........................................................100
ANNEX H CALCULATIONS FOR SEVERE WIND AND ROLLING CRITERIA
(WEATHER CRITERIA)..................................................................103
H1 Scope ..............................................................................................103
H2 Severe wind and rolling scenario ...................................................103
H3 Criteria.............................................................................................104
H4 Methods of calculation ....................................................................104
ANNEX J CALCULATION AND EVALUATION OF CHAPTER 6A CRITERIA
APPLICABLE TO MONOHULL VESSELS THAT SET SAILS ......107
J1 Scope ..............................................................................................107
J2 Plotting the righting lever (GFZ) curve ............................................107
J3 Assumed wind heeling lever ...........................................................107
J4 Heeling lever to deck edge immersion ...........................................108
J5 Dynamic balance to downflooding..................................................108
J6 Dynamic balance to capsize on vessels that have a range of
stability of 90 degrees or more .......................................................109
J7 Dynamic balance to capsize on vessels that have a range of
stability of less than 90 degrees .....................................................110
ANNEX K CHAPTER 6B CRITERIA—DERIVATION OF THE MAXIMUM
STEADY HEEL ANGLE TO PREVENT DOWN FLOODING IN
GUSTING WINDS...........................................................................111
K1 Scope ..............................................................................................111
K2 Method ............................................................................................111
K3 Downflooding angle ........................................................................112

CHAPTER 1 PRELIMINARY
1.1 SCOPE
Section 6 specifies the requirements for stability of vessels. This
Subsection specifies the minimum required intact stability criteria for
vessels.
This Subsection shall be read in conjunction with Part B—General
Requirements, Part C Section 2A⎯Watertight and Weathertight Integrity,
Subsection 6B—Buoyancy and Stability After Flooding, and
Subsection 6C—Stability Tests and Stability Information.
NOTES:
1. The provisions of this Subsection are minimum required standards and should not
be considered adequate for every circumstance.
2. Provisions relevant to the operational measures required to maintain stability are
contained in Marine Order 504 (Certificates of operation and operation
requirements — national law) 2018.
1.2 APPLICATION
This Subsection applies to all vessels other than Special Vessels provided
for in NSCV Part F of this standard, unless NSCV Part F specifies
otherwise.
Guidance for the application of this Subsection is provided in Clause 1.5.
NOTE: Criteria contained in this Subsection are applicable to specified Fast Craft and
Hire and Drive vessels, but see Part F Sections 1 and 2 for specific limitations and/or
additional requirements.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF NSCV PART C SECTION 6

The objective of Section 6 is to—
a) minimise the likelihood of sudden or progressive capsize or
foundering; and
b) prevent excessive angles of heel or trim that could—
i) reduce the safety of persons on board;
ii) hamper the crew in the performance of their duties; or
iii) interfere with the safe functioning of the vessel and its essential
equipment.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF SUBSECTIONS 6A AND 6C

The objectives of Subsections 6A and 6C are as follows:
a) To reduce the risk of capsize or excessive heel of a vessel to
acceptable levels during normal or abnormal conditions of operation,
assuming the vessel has not taken on water into normally buoyant
spaces.
b) To provide a consistent and auditable benchmark for determining initial
and ongoing compliance of a vessel to these standards.
c) To provide relevant information on the stability characteristics of a
vessel, needed by the operators to discharge their safety obligations.

d) To provide uniform procedures for undertaking tests and calculations

to facilitate the accurate and consistent determination of a vessel’s
stability characteristics.
NOTES:
1. The stability characteristics of a vessel are largely the function of three factors:
• the geometric characteristics of the hull, superstructures, deckhouses and
points of downflooding;
• the mass of the vessel and the vertical, transverse and longitudinal
distribution of that mass; and
• the magnitude and nature of overturning influences such as those listed
under hazards below.
2. Hazards that may lead to excessive heel or capsizing of an intact vessel include:
overloading, excessive mass high in the vessel, premature loss of waterplane
area, unsymmetrical loading of persons, steady or gusting wind loads, rolling in a
seaway, the effects of a rapid change in course, loads arising when lifting or
releasing masses, trawling or towing, free surface of liquids in tanks and other
spaces, shifting of cargo, seawater on deck, premature immersion of ventilation
and other openings, or a combination of these effects.
3. Consequences that may arise from inadequate stability or capsize include:
catastrophic and sudden loss of the vessel through flooding, disabling of the
vessel, shifting of masses on the vessel (further increasing the tendency to
capsize), inability to activate or continue to operate emergency systems,
entrapment of persons, personal injury arising from excessive heel, drowning,
hypothermia.
1.5 USE OF NSCV PART C SUBSECTION C6A OF THE NATIONAL

STANDARD
A flowchart is provided as Figure 1 to assist users applying this Subsection.
This illustrates the process for determining the applicable intact stability
criteria for a particular vessel.

Figure 1 — Guidance for determining applicable intact stability criteria

1.6 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The following documents are referenced in this Subsection. Any document
referenced should be considered to be the latest revision of the document,
including amendments, unless stated otherwise.
AUSTRALIAN MARITIME SAFETY AUTHORITY
Marine Order 504 (Certificates of operation and operation requirements
— national law) 2018
TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE COUNCIL
National Standard for Commercial Vessels
Part B—General Requirements
Part C—Design and Construction
Section 2: Watertight and Weathertight Integrity
Section 6: Stability
Subsection 6B— Buoyancy and Stability After Flooding
Subsection 6C—Stability Tests and Stability Information
Part F—Special Vessels
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
IMO Resolution A.749 (18) Code on Intact Stability for all Types of Ships
Covered by IMO Instruments as amended by Resolution MSC.75(69).
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
AS 1799—Small Pleasure Boats Code
Part 1: General requirements for power boats
1.7 DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Subsection —
a) the definitions provided in this Clause shall apply;
b) the following definitions provided in Part B—General Requirements of
the NSCV shall apply: accommodation spaces, crew, depth, fast craft,
fish, fishing vessel, hazard, hire and drive vessel, length, maximum
speed, measured length, non-passenger vessel, operational area,
owner, passenger, passenger vessel, risk, sheltered waters,
superstructure, vessel;
c) vessel use categories (Class 1, Class 2, etc), operational area
categories (Operational Area A, Operational Area B, etc) and service
categories (Class 1A, Class 2A, etc) shall have the meanings specified
in Part B—General Requirements of the NSCV; and
d) where there is any duplication in the terms defined between this
Clause and Part B, the definitions in this clause shall apply.
amidships —
a point located at the mid length of the vessel’s length on the design
waterline (LDWL)

barge—
a vessel having a flush weathertight deck intended to carry cargo that may
be dry or liquid either internally within holds or tanks, or on deck.
NOTES:
1. A barge is often flat bottomed of rectangular shape and shallow depth.
2. Some vessels commonly referred to as barges such as hopper vessels, open
barges, landing barges (landing craft) and barges without a weathertight deck are
not included within this definition for the purposes of this Subsection.
baseline—
the line parallel to the designed load waterline passing through the datum
for the aft draft marks. In the case of vessels not required to have draft
marks, the baseline is a line parallel to the designed load waterline which
coincides with the lowest point of the vessel’s hull.
bare poles—
the condition of a vessel that is capable of setting sail when no sails are
set.
collared vessel—
A1 a vessel with a hull provided with one or more buoyant collars around the
periphery of the vessel such that—
a) the buoyant volume of the collars constitute greater than one-fifth of
the total intact buoyant volume of the vessel, and
b) inclusion of the buoyancy of the collars is essential for the vessel to
meet the applicable intact or damaged stability criteria.
NOTES:
1. The collar may be inflatable, foam filled or of rigid construction.
2. Collared rigid boats include RIBs (rigid inflatable boats).
cockpit vessel—
a vessel having an exposed recess—
a) not within the forward 10 per cent of the waterline length (LWL) of the
vessel from the stem, and
b) extending not more than 50 per cent of the waterline length (LWL) of the
vessel (see Figure 2a)).

Figure 2 — Difference between cockpit and well deck vessels
comprehensive stability criteria—

a set of deemed-to-satisfy stability criteria that require the analysis of
stability righting lever curves (GFZ curves) derived from individual loading
conditions.
crane barge—
a barge on which is mounted a crane (that might also be a sheerlegs or
derrick type) that is secured against tipping, either as a permanent fixture or
as a mobile crane secured onto the deck of the barge.
NOTE: Mobile cranes that are not secured would be assessed as a proposal for an
equivalent solution.
deadweight—
the difference measured in units of mass between the displacement of the
vessel in a particular condition of loading and the displacement of the
vessel in the lightship condition.
NOTE: The deadmass corresponds to the total mass of consumables, stores, cargo,
passenger and effects, crew and effects, and any liquids on board except machinery
and piping fluids.
decked vessel—
a vessel that is enclosed by a continuous weathertight deck and which is
neither a cockpit vessel nor a well deck vessel.
depth at amidships (DDWL)—
the moulded depth of the vessel measured at the middle of the length on
design waterline (LDWL) measured from the underside of the deck material at
side to the rabbet line or, on vessels with a plate keel, to the top of the plate.

NOTE: In practical terms the location of amidships being the middle of the length on
design waterline (LDWL) may be very close to the middle of the measured length and
thus the depth (D) maybe very similar to the depth at amidships (DDWL).
design waterline—
the waterline corresponding to the maximum operational displacement of
the vessel with no lift or propulsion machinery active.
displacement ()—
the mass of water that the vessel displaces when afloat, in tonnes.
downflooding angle (f) —
the smallest angle of heel at which downflooding will occur, if all
weathertight closing appliances are properly secured (see Figure 3 and
Figure 6).
NOTE: The downflooding angle is often calculated assuming the centre of transverse
flotation remains at the centre line of the vessel. This approximation tends to become
less accurate at larger angles of heel. It is normally conservative on vessels that have
considerable reserve buoyancy, but can overstate the downflooding angle on vessels
that have minimal reserve buoyancy.
Figure 3 — Downflooding angle
draft at amidships (T) —

the vertical distance from the base line at amidships to the waterline, in
metres.
dredger —
a vessel that is fitted with suction, grab or cutter equipment to excavate
seabed material.
dredgings—
the material collected from the sea bed by a dredger.
NOTE: Dredgings are cargo if recovered for commercial use or spoil if recovered in the
process of maintaining harbours and rivers.

flush decked vessel—

a decked vessel, which has no break in or superstructure on the freeboard
deck.
freeboard deck—
for the purposes of this Subsection, a line that represents the lowest
continuous deck, exposed to weather and sea, which has—
a) permanent weathertight means of closing all openings in the part
exposed to the weather; and
b) below which all openings in the sides of the vessel are fitted with
permanent watertight means of closing.
NOTE: In practice, the ‘freeboard deck’ may
follow a notional deck line in way of the break of
superstructures or discontinuities in sheer.
freeing port—
a direct opening through a bulwark provided
for rapidly and completely draining
overboard large quantities of seawater that
may have accumulated on a weather deck.
NOTE: See also definition of scupper.
free surface—
the exposed top surface of a quantity of
liquid contained within a slack tank, bilge or
other space that permits a degree of free
movement of the liquid as the vessel heels
or trims, see Figure 4.
free surface effect—
is the transverse and upward shift of the
centre of gravity of the tank contents of a
slack tank as a vessel heels, see Figure 4.
For the purposes of this Subsection, free
surface shall be accounted for whenever a
slack tank is less than 98 per cent of the full
capacity.
free surface correction—
the effective upward shift of the centre of
gravity of a vessel that results from free
surface within tanks that are neither full nor
empty. Figure 4 — Free surface effect
hopper vessel—
a vessel that has one or more holds intended for the carriage of dredgings.
The hold has either hopper doors or the vessel is of split and hinged design
that allows the dredgings to be discharged through the bottom of the hold.
NOTE: Hopper vessels include hopper dredges and hopper barges.
landing craft—
a vessel designed for beaching to enable the loading and discharge of
cargo or persons by foot or vehicle directly from or onto the shoreline
without the use of wharfs or other shore side facilities.

immersed profile—
the profile of the vessel below a waterline when viewed from the transverse
direction. The area and centroid of the immersed profile is calculated
including rudder, shafting and shaft brackets; but excluding propellers and
ignoring any deduction from transverse side thruster tunnels.
length on waterline (LDWL) —
the length of the vessel measured along the waterline taken at the
extremities of the design waterline line, in metres.
NOTE: The design waterline is normally determined before a vessel is completed,
reflecting the anticipated deepest draft waterline.
lightship condition—
a vessel complete in all respects, but without consumables, stores, spares,
cargo, passengers and effects, crew and effects, and without any liquids on
board except machinery and piping fluids, such as lubricants and
hydraulics, maintained at operating levels.
lightship displacement—
the displacement of the vessel in the lightship condition, in tonnes.
offshore supply vessel—
a vessel primarily engaged in the transport of stores, materials and
equipment to offshore installations.
open vessel—
a vessel that is not arranged to prevent the accumulation of larqe quantities
of water on deck or in buoyant spaces if swamped. Such vessels—
a) are not provided with a deck that is effectively weathertight;
b) have a freeboard deck line that is in whole or part located below the
deepest waterline; or
c) have weather decks forming wells above the deepest waterline that
are not arranged for rapid drainage of large quantities of accumulated
water.
plain sail—
on a fore and aft rigged vessel includes all working sails on a vessel such
as jibs, genoas, staysails and mainsails, but excludes light weather sails
such as spinnakers and gaff topsails.
rabbet line—
the intersection of the outboard surface of the shell with the side of the keel,
see definition of depth in Part B for illustrations.
righting lever curve (GFZ curve)—
a curve of the righting lever or GFZ values plotted against the angle of heel
of the vessel corresponding to a particular loading condition.
ro-ro vessel—
a vessel having ro-ro spaces with decks that are loaded and unloaded in a
horizontal direction and which are arranged for the stowage of wheeled
vehicles or for the loading and unloading of goods by wheeled vehicles. Ro-
ro spaces extend either a substantial length or the entire length of the
vessel and are not normally subdivided.

scupper—
a drainage hole through a deck or bulwark provided for the drainage of rain
and/or other relatively small quantities of water.
NOTE: See also the definition of freeing port.
simplified stability criteria—

a set of deemed-to-satisfy stability criteria that do not require the full
analysis of stability using individual loading conditions to derive righting
lever curves (GFZ curves).
NOTES:
1. Simplified stability criteria are applied to enable the use of simplified test methods.
2. Simplified stability criteria are strictly limited in their application to avoid potential
inaccuracies and erroneous conclusions as to a vessel’s stability characteristics.
simplified stability test methods—

test methods that, if properly applied, can provide a simplified and normally
less expensive approach to the determination of stability characteristics of
certain specified types of vessels.
NOTES:
1. Simplified test methods are not suitable where comprehensive intact stability
criteria apply.
2. Simplified test methods may involve stability proof testing where measurements
are taken of freeboards and angles of heel, or alternatively a practical inclining
experiment for determining GFMO.
slack tank—
a tank that is neither completely empty nor full. For the purposes of this
standard, a partially-full tank that is less than 98% full is considered to be
a slack tank.
NOTE: The free surface of slack tanks is included in loading conditions undertaken to
verify compliance with stability criteria.
superstructure deck—
a deck forming the top of a superstructure.
waterplane (of the vessel)—
a horizontal plane through the hull of a vessel defined by the intersection of
the shell and the water surface at a particular draft.
watertight—
a boundary that complies with the requirements for a watertight boundary in
Part C Section 2.
weather deck—
a deck which is completely exposed to the weather from above and from at
least two vertical boundaries to the space.
weathertight—
a boundary that complies with the requirements for a weathertight boundary
in Part C Section 2.
NOTE: A watertight boundary also meets the requirements of a weathertight boundary.
well deck vessel—

a vessel having an exposed recess, which extends for more than
50 per cent of the waterline length of the vessel (see Figure 2b)).

windage area—
the maximum profile area above the waterline including the projected
profile area of all bulwarks, deck fittings, masts, spars, deck cargo, safety
equipment, seating, cranes, other fixtures mounted on the vessel, awnings
and screens.
1.8 BASIC CONCEPTS AND SYMBOLS

The following is a list of basic symbols used throughout this Subsection and
figures illustrating the basic stability measurement concepts. Clause
specific symbols are defined in each clause.
NOTE: The units used in this Subsection are those in common usage within the
Australian maritime industry. SI units may be substituted without affecting compliance
with this Subsection where the vessel operator and other users are competent to work
with those units. It should be noted that where SI units are utilised the formulae may
require alteration to reflect the changes to units.
A P = aft perpendicular, meaning the point of intersection of the design

waterline with the after profile of the vessel
B = the centre of buoyancy through which the upward force due to
the water displaced by the vessel is assumed to act
(see Figure 5)
F P = forward perpendicular, meaning the point of intersection of the
design waterline with the stem profile of the vessel
G = the location of the centre of gravity (see Figure 5)
g = the acceleration due to gravity, 9.81 m/s2
GF = the location of the centre of gravity adjusted for free surface
GFMO = the initial metacentric height of the vessel corrected for any free
surface effects (see Figure 5)
GM0 = the initial metacentric height of the vessel in the ‘solid’ condition,
i.e. without free surface effect measured from G to M (see
Figure 5)
GFZ = the horizontal distance between the lines of action of the mass
and buoyancy forces at any given angle of heel in metres (see
Figure 5 and Figure 6)
KM0 = the initial transverse metacentric height above baseline (see
Figure 5)
KN = the horizontal distance between the keel point (baseline) and the
line of action of the buoyancy force at any given angle of heel in
metres (see Figure 5 and Figure 6)
M = the vessel’s metacentre, being the point at which the line of
action of the upward buoyancy force intersects the centre line
(see Figure 5)
MO = the vessel’s metacentre at small angles of heel
MP = person heeling moment at angle of heel θ in tonne-metres

MT = the moment from the effect of turn at angle of heel θ in tonne-

metres
MW = wind heeling moment at angle of heel θ in tonne-metres.
V = the maximum service speed of the vessel, in knots
 = the transverse angle of heel of the vessel (see Figure 5)
f = the downflooding angle of the vessel (see Figure 3 and
Figure 6)
h = the static angle of heel that a vessel attains when exposed to a
heeling moment (see Figure 6)
s = the maximum allowable static angle of heel h from a single
heeling moment
c = the maximum allowable static angle of heel h from a combined
heeling moment
max = the angle of heel, corresponding to the maximum GFZ value (see
Figure 6)
Figure 5 — Explanation of symbols

Figure 6 — Typical righting lever (GFZ) curve

CHAPTER 2 INTACT STABILITY OUTCOMES AND

SOLUTIONS
2.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies the required outcomes for intact stability and the
corresponding requirements for deemed-to-satisfy and equivalent solutions.
The required outcomes are mandatory to the extent that they are applicable
to a vessel in the relevant deemed-to-satisfy solutions.
REQUIRED OUTCOMES
2.2 CONDITIONS OF LOADING TO BE SAFE

A vessel must have characteristics of stability over the range of foreseeable
conditions of loading in both normal and abnormal conditions of operation,
sufficient to:
a) minimise the risk of the vessel capsizing;
b) avoid excessive angles of heel that could threaten the safety of
persons on the vessel; and
c) return the vessel to the upright condition.
NOTES:
1. Foreseeable conditions of loading include light and laden conditions, arrival and
departure conditions, and critical intermediate conditions.
2. Excessive angles of heel can result in personal injury, the shifting of cargo,
furniture and other masses on the vessel, flooding of spaces, malfunction of
essential machinery and systems, anxiety and fatigue of persons, as well as
hampering the crew in performance of their duties.
2.3 VESSEL TO BE CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING THE EFFECT OF

HEELING MOMENTS
A vessel must have characteristics of stability, when exposed to the effects
of one or more heeling moments that are foreseeable in both normal and
abnormal conditions of operation, sufficient to:
a) minimise the risk of the vessel capsizing;
b) avoid excessive angles of heel that could threaten the safety of
persons on the vessel; and
c) return the vessel to the upright condition.
NOTE: Heeling moments include one or more of those caused by wind, wave,
persons, turning, lifting heavy masses, trawling and towing.
2.4 STABILITY OF A VESSEL TO BE ESTABLISHED AND VERIFIED

The stability characteristics of a vessel must be established and
documented to satisfy duty of care obligations for the safety of persons.
2.5 STABILITY ANALYSIS TO BE APPROPRIATE

The stability criteria applied to a vessel must be appropriate taking into
account the vessel’s operation and form, the nature and likelihood of
potential hazards and the consequences of inadequate stability.

2.6 STABILITY ANALYSIS TO BE SUFFICIENTLY ACCURATE

Data and calculations used to verify compliance with the stability criteria
must be sufficiently accurate to ensure persons that rely upon the
information are not falsely led to believe that a vessel meets these
minimum standards when, in fact, it falls below these minimum standards.
DEEMED-TO-SATISFY SOLUTIONS
2.7 COMPLIANCE
For the purpose of this National Standard, the intact stability of a vessel
shall be deemed to satisfy the Required Outcomes in Clauses 2.2 to 2.6 to
the extent specified by this Subsection if it complies with the relevant
provisions of Chapter 3 to Chapter 8.
NOTES:
1. Chapter 3 to Chapter 8 refer to the contents of Subsection 6C —Stability Tests
and Stability Information.
EQUIVALENT SOLUTIONS
2.8 ASSESSMENT METHODS

Equivalent solutions applicable to intact stability shall be verified in a
manner appropriate to the risks that would arise should the stability be
found inadequate.
NOTE: Because of the high risks that arise if a vessel capsizes, assessment methods
applicable to stability tend to be rigorous to promote a very high reliability of
equivalence.

CHAPTER 3 DETERMINING THE APPLICABLE INTACT

STABILITY CRITERIA
3.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies the minimum deemed-to-satisfy intact stability
criteria applicable to different classes of vessels and/or vessels engaged in
specific operations.
NOTE: The criteria in this Subsection specify minimum values, but no maximum
values are recommended. It is advisable to avoid excessive values. Excessive stability
can result in acceleration forces that could be prejudicial to the vessel, its complement
and equipment and to the safe carriage of the cargo.
3.2 APPLICATION
This chapter applies to all vessel types specified in this Subsection.
3.3 TYPES OF STABILITY CRITERIA

The stability criteria applicable to a vessel shall be appropriate for the area
of operation and the types of heeling levers likely to be encountered in
normal and abnormal conditions of operation. For the purposes of this
standard, the different types of stability criteria contained in this Subsection
are as specified in Table 1.
3.4 MULTIPURPOSE VESSELS

Where a vessel is intended for more than one area of service and/or type of
operation, the vessel shall meet the intact stability criteria applicable to
each such purpose, singly or in combination as appropriate.
3.5 DEEMED-TO-SATISFY CRITERIA
3.5.1 Maximum displacement and longitudinal stability criteria

All vessels shall, for all normal conditions of loading and over the relevant
range of drafts and trims, comply with the applicable criteria for maximum
displacement and longitudinal stability specified in Chapter 4.
3.5.2 Transverse stability
3.5.2.1 Criteria of general application

The intact transverse stability of a vessel shall, for all foreseeable
conditions of loading in normal operation, comply with any one of the
applicable criteria specified in Table 2 subject to the relevant Operational
Area, and any prerequisites and/or limits of application specified for the
particular set of criteria.
3.5.2.2 Criteria for special operations

In addition to the criteria of general application specified under Clause
3.5.2.1, a vessel engaged in special operations shall also comply with the
applicable intact transverse stability criteria specified in Table 3 for all
foreseeable conditions of loading when engaged in special operations,

subject to the relevant Operational Area, and any prerequisites and/or limits
of application specified for the particular set of criteria.
Table 1 — Table of intact stability criteria
Broad Clause
Description Criteria designation
designation number
Chapter 4 Maximum Chapter 4A criteria—Maximum load criteria Clause 4.3

displacement and
longitudinal stability Chapter 4B criteria—Longitudinal stability criteria Clause 4.4
criteria
Chapter 5 Comprehensive Chapter 5A criteria—Comprehensive criteria of Clause 5.4

stability criteria of general application to all vessels
general application Chapter 5B criteria—Alternative comprehensive Clause 5.5
criteria of general application to catamarans in
operational areas B, C, D and E
Chapter 5C criteria—Alternative comprehensive Clause 5.6
criteria of general application in operational
areas D and E
Chapter 5D criteria—Alternative comprehensive Clause 5.7
criteria for dumb barges
Chapter 6 Additional Chapter 6A criteria—Additional criteria for Clause 6.3.4

comprehensive monohull vessels that set sails
stability criteria for
Chapter 6B criteria—Alternative additional Clause 6.3.5
special operations criteria for monohull vessels that set sail of
length less than 24 m
Chapter 6C criteria—Additional comprehensive Clause 6.4.4
criteria for catamaran vessels that set sails
Chapter 6D criterion—Additional comprehensive Clause 6.5.4
criterion for vessels that lift masses
Chapter 6E criteria—Alternative additional Clause 6.5.5
comprehensive criteria for vessels that lift
masses
Chapter 6F criterion—Additional comprehensive Clause 6.5.6
criterion for vessels that employ counter
ballasting or counterweights when engaged in
lifting
Chapter 6G criterion—Additional comprehensive Clause 6.6.3
criterion for vessels engaged in towing
Chapter 6H criteria—Additional comprehensive Clause 6.7.3
criteria for vessels engaged in trawling
Chapter 6J Criteria— Additional comprehensive Clause 6.8.2
criteria for sheltered water crane barges while on
transfer voyages at sea
Chapter 6K Criteria— Additional criteria for Clause 6.9.2
sheltered water bucket dredgers while on
transfer voyages at sea
(Continued)

Table 1 (Continued)
Broad Clause
Description Criteria designation
designation number
Chapter 7 Simplified criteria of Chapter 7A criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.3

general application criteria of general application in operational
areas C, D and E
Chapter 7B criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.4
criteria of general application in operational
areas C, D and E
Chapter 7C criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.5
criteria of general application to collared vessels
in operational areas C, D and E
Chapter 7D criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.6
criteria of general application to specified small
vessels in operational areas D and E
Chapter 7E criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.7
criteria of general application to catamaran
vessels operating in operational areas D and E
Chapter 7F criteria—Alternative simplified Clause 7.8
criteria of general application for dumb barges in
operational areas D and E
Chapter 8 Simplified criteria for Chapter 8A criterion—Alternative simplified Clause 8.3

vessels engaged in criterion for monohull sailing vessels in operational
special operations areas D and E
Chapter 8B criterion—Alternative simplified Clause 8.4
criterion for catamaran vessels that carry sail in
Chapter 8C criterion—Alternative simplified Clause 8.5
criterion for vessels lifting heavy loads in
Chapter 8D criterion—Alternative simplified Clause 8.6
criterion for dumb barges lifting heavy loads
3.6 MULTIHULL VESSELS WITH THREE OR MORE HULLS

The stability characteristics of vessels having three or more hulls may vary
significantly, depending upon the size of the centre hull relative to the side
hulls, the reserves of buoyancy in the side hulls and the overall beam.
Some such vessels will have characteristics similar to a monohull while
others might be more similar to a catamaran. Stability criteria applied to
multihull vessels with three or more hulls shall initially be determined by
application of criteria applicable to monohull vessels. Where a vessel is
unable to meet the criteria for monohull vessels, then the comprehensive
criteria applicable to catamarans may be applied.
NOTE: Simplified criteria for catamaran vessels may not be reliable on vessels having
three or more hulls.

Table 2 — Deemed-to-satisfy solutions for criteria of general

application
Operational Operational Operational Operational Operational

Vessel type
area A area B area C area D area E
Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5C Ch.5A, Ch.5C

Vessels carrying
Ch.5A Ch.5A If less than 20 m: If less than 35 m: If less than 35 m:
less than 50 pax
Ch.7A, Ch.7B Ch.7A, Ch.7B Ch.7A, Ch.7B
Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5C Ch.5A, Ch.5C
collared vessels If less than 20 m: If less than 35 m: If less than 35 m:
carrying less than Ch.5A Ch.5A Ch.7A, Ch.7B Ch.7A, Ch.7B Ch.7A, Ch.7B
50 pax
If less than 12 m If less than 12 m If less than 12 m
Ch.7C Ch.7C Ch.7C
Ch.5A, Ch5B, Ch.5A, Ch.5B,
Catamarans Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5B Ch.5A, C.5B
Ch.5C Ch.5C
Ch.5A, Ch5B, Ch.5A, Ch.5B,
Class 2 or 3 Ch.5C Ch.5C
Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5B Ch.5A, Ch.5B
catamarans If less than 20 m: If less than 20 m:
Ch.7E Ch.7E
Class 2 or 3 Ch.5A, Ch.5C, Ch.5A, Ch.5C,
Ch.5A, Ch.5D Ch.5A, Ch.5D Ch.5A, Ch.5D
dumb barges Ch.5D Ch.5D
Ch.5A, Ch.5C, Ch.5A, Ch.5C,
Class 2 or 3 Ch.5D Ch.5D
dumb deck Ch.5A, Ch.5D Ch.5A, Ch.5D Ch.5A, Ch.5D
barges If less than 50 m: If less than 50 m:
Ch.7F Ch.7F
Class 2 or 3 Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5C Ch.5A, Ch.5C

vessels less than Ch.5A Ch.5A Ch.7A, Ch.7B, Ch.7A, Ch.7B,
7.5 m Ch.7A, Ch.7B
Ch.7D Ch.7D
All other vessels Ch.5A Ch.5A Ch.5A Ch.5A, Ch.5C Ch.5A, Ch.5C
KEY:
Yellow (or light grey) shaded cells denote comprehensive stability criteria
Blue (or dark grey) shaded cells denote simplified stability criteria

Table 3 — Deemed-to-satisfy solutions for vessels engaged in special operations
Type of Operational areas

Operation Operational area C Operational area D Operational area E Designation Application
analysis A and B
Comprehensive Monohulls Monohulls Monohulls Monohulls Ch.6A Clause 6.3.4.1

Monohulls Monohulls Monohulls Monohulls
Comprehensive Ch.6B Clause 6.3.5.1
less than 24m length less than 24m length less than 24m length less than 24m length
Sailing
Comprehensive Catamarans Catamarans Catamarans Catamarans Ch.6C Clause 6.4.4.1

Monohulls Monohulls
Simplified Not applicable Not applicable Ch.8A Clause 8.3.2
less than 15m length less than 15m length
Catamarans Catamarans
Simplified Not applicable Not applicable Ch.8B Clause 8.4.2
less than 15m length less than 15m length
Comprehensive Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable Ch.6D Clause 6.5.4.1
Comprehensive Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable Ch.6E Clause 6.5.5.1

Counter ballasting or Counter ballasting or Counter ballasting or Counter ballasting or
Comprehensive Ch.6F Clause 6.5.6.1
Lifting
counterweights counterweights counterweights counterweights

Simplified Not applicable Not applicable less than 50m length less than 50m length Ch.8C Clause 8.5.2
Dumb barges Dumb barges Dumb barges Dumb barges
less than 50m length less than 50m length less than 50m length less than 50m length
Simplified Ch.8D Clause 8.6.2
less than 12 persons less than 12 persons less than 12 persons less than 12 persons
& within proportions & within proportions & within proportions & within proportions
Towing Comprehensive Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable Ch.6G Clause 6.6.3.1
Trawling Comprehensive Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable Ch.6H Clause 6.7.3.1
Transfer Comprehensive Not applicable Not applicable crane barges crane barges Ch.6J Clause 6.8.1
voyages
at sea Comprehensive Not applicable Not applicable Bucket dredgers Bucket dredgers Ch.6K Clause 6.9.1
KEY:
‘Comprehensive’ means that the criteria require the derivation and analysis of a GFZ curve.
‘Simplified’ means that the criteria can be verified by simplified methods that do not require the derivation and analysis of a GFZ curve.


3.7 ANTI-ROLLING DEVICES

Where anti-rolling devices such as active or passive anti-roll tanks or active
stabilising fins are fitted, the vessel shall meet the applicable intact stability
criteria when these devices are in operation and when they are not in use.
In addition, the vessel shall continue to meet the relevant criteria of general
application in the event of a failure of power supply or failure of the devices
themselves.
NOTES:
1. Anti-rolling tanks that are interconnected are considered as a single tank for the
purposes of determining the free surface.
2. The response of a vessel to a failure of anti-rolling device may be essential
information to be incorporated into an operating manual and/or emergency plan.
3.8 CRITERIA FOR MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE ANGLE OF HEEL DUE TO

HEELING MOMENTS
For the purposes of compliance with the stability criteria specified in Chapter
5 to Chapter 8, the values s and c limit the maximum allowable static angle
of heel h that a vessel may attain when exposed to a single or combined
heeling moment, respectively. The values s and c shall be determined by
the capacity of the vessel to control the risks as the static heel angle
increases, in accordance with Table 4.
Table 4 — Maximum allowable angles of static heel
Allowable maximum
Heel angle of static heel for
conseq- heeling moment(s)
ence
level Single s Combined c (A) Conditions of application
degrees degrees
1. 5 5 No specified conditions of application – applicable to
High any vessel that is unsuited to the application of large
values of heel.
2. 10 15 s or c (if combined lever criteria are applied) may
Moderate exceed 5 degrees where—
1. if the vessel is fitted with a slewing crane that is
subject to the lifting criteria, the crane is capable
of safe operation at angles of heel up to at least
s; and
2. if the vessel is carrying unsecured deck cargo,
the deck cargo shall either—
i) comprise vehicles having rubber tyres; or
ii) have a maximum potential moment from
cargo shifting that does not exceed 20 per
cent of the greatest value of MP, MW or MT.
(Continued)

Table 4 (Continued)
Allowable maximum
Heel angle of static heel for
conseq- heeling moment(s)
ence
level Single s Combined c (A) Conditions of application
degrees degrees
3. 14 18 s may exceed 10 degrees or c (if combined lever
Low criteria are applied) may exceed 15 degrees where—
1. all cargo including deck cargo is secured against
shifting;
2. seating is provided for all persons;
3. furniture is fixed when in use and/or when
stowed;
4. sufficient grab rails are provided in spaces that
normally contain persons; and
5. decks and deck surfaces are arranged to reduce
slipping hazards.
KEY:
(A) Combined moments apply only where combined levers are specified in the criteria.
3.9 TESTS AND CALCULATIONS USED TO DETERMINE COMPLIANCE

All calculations used in the verification of a vessel’s stability against the
stability criteria shall be derived from accurate information. The minimum
deemed-to-satisfy standards for such information shall be as specified in
Table 5. Specific deemed-to-satisfy requirements for tests and calculations
are specified, as applicable, with each set of criteria.
Table 5 — Standards for calculations
Item Standard
Hydrostatic and KN data Part C Subsection 6C

Stability tests Part C Subsection 6C
Worst case conditions unless
Loading conditions otherwise specified for particular
criteria (1)
Heeling moments Annexes A to G
NOTE:
(1) The requirements for loading conditions to be presented
in stability information specified in Subsection 6C provides a
good starting point for fulfilling this requirement.
3.10 OPERATIONAL RESTRICTIONS

Where specific operational procedures or restrictions are required to
achieve or maintain compliance with the intact stability criteria, details of all
such procedures or restrictions shall be recorded in a form that is easily
understandable and readily available to the persons responsible for the
safe operation of the vessel.
NOTE: Over-reliance on operational procedures or restrictions increases the risks of
human error and should be avoided.

CHAPTER 4 MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT AND LONGITUDINAL

STABILITY CRITERIA
4.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies minimum criteria for maximum load and longitudinal
stability.
4.2 APPLICATION
This Chapter applies to all vessels to the extent specified in the criteria.
4.3 CHAPTER 4A CRITERIA—MAXIMUM LOAD CRITERIA

A vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table 6 over the range of
normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 4A
criteria.
Table 6 — Chapter 4A criteria— Maximum displacement
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 4A criterion description
No
Vessels assigned a The maximum displacement in a loading condition for the
minimum geometric purposes of compliance with the intact stability criteria shall not
4A.1
freeboard in Part C exceed the displacement corresponding to the minimum
Section 2 freeboard that might be assigned in Part C Section 2.
The maximum displacement in a loading condition for the
purposes of compliance with the intact stability criteria shall not
4A.2 All vessels
exceed the maximum displacement assumed for the purposes
of determining hull scantlings in Part C Section 3.
Vessels required to The maximum displacement in a loading condition for the
satisfy buoyancy, purposes of compliance with the intact stability criteria shall not
4A.3 subdivision or damaged exceed the maximum intact displacement required to meet
stability standards in buoyancy, subdivision and/or damaged stability standards in
A1 Part C Subsection 6B. Part C Subsection 6B.
4.4 CHAPTER 4B CRITERIA—LONGITUDINAL STABILITY CRITERIA

normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 4B
criteria.

Table 7 — Chapter 4B criteria— Longitudinal stability
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 4B criterion description
No
The minimum bow height arising from the combination of draft
Vessels assigned a
and trim in all normal conditions of operation shall not be less
4B.1 minimum bow height in
than any minimum value applicable to the vessel specified in
Part C Section 2
Part C Section 2.
A vessel shall have characteristics of freeboard, trim and heel
Vessels with a
4B.2a such that, during loading or unloading, the deck edge does not
weathertight deck
submerge at any point.
An open vessel shall have characteristics of freeboard, trim and
heel such that, during loading or unloading, the minimum
4B.2b open vessels
distance from the gunwale to the waterline shall be not less than
half the minimum operational freeboard.
A collared vessel shall have characteristics of freeboard, trim
and heel such that, during loading or unloading, the minimum
4B.2c collared vessels
distance from the upper surface of the collar to the waterline
shall be not less than half the minimum operational freeboard.
The minimum freeboard at the stern of an offshore supply
vessel in all normal conditions of operation shall be not less
than:
FA = 0.005 LM
4B.3 offshore supply vessels
where
FA = minimum freeboard at the stern, in metres
LM = measured length of the vessel, in metres
4.5 TESTING AND CALCULATIONS

Compliance with these criteria shall be established either through
calculation using loading conditions or by practical demonstration during a
stability proof test.

CHAPTER 5 COMPREHENSIVE STABILITY CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION
5.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies the comprehensive stability criteria of general
application to vessels.
5.2 APPLICATION
This Chapter contains intact stability criteria that are applicable to all
vessels. The application of specific criteria contained within this Chapter
shall be in accordance with Table 8 and Clauses 5.4.1, 5.5.1, 5.6.1 and
5.7.1:
NOTES:
1. The simplified alternative criteria contained in Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 may
provide another simpler means of establishing compliance, but will be restricted in
application to a limited group of vessels.
2. For specific types of operations, Chapter 3 requires that the criteria of general
application be supplemented by additional criteria specified in Chapter 6.
Table 8 — Comprehensive criteria of general application
Type of vessel Operational area Criteria designation Reference
All vessels A, B, C, D, E Chapter 5A Clause 5.4

Catamarans B, C, D, E Chapter 5B Clause 5.5
All vessels D, E Chapter 5C Clause 5.6
Class 2 or 3 dumb
A, B, C, D, E Chapter 5D Clause 5.7
barges
5.3 PREREQUISITES FOR APPLICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE CRITERIA

OF GENERAL APPLICATION
5.3.1 Data and information
To apply the criteria contained within this Chapter, the following information
shall be established:
a) Hydrostatic and cross-curve data, refer to Subsection 6C.
b) Values for the vessel’s lightship displacement, VCG and LCG, refer to
Subsection 6C.
c) Mass, VCG and LCG information for each item that comprises the
deadmass including the contents of tanks, cargo, catch, persons and
stores, refer to Subsection 6C.
d) free surface moments for all tanks that are or may become partially
filled.
e) The range of loading conditions representative of the vessel’s normal
operations, including worst case scenarios where compliance with
criteria is likely to be minimal, refer to Subsection 6C.

NOTE: The designer would normally rely on the owner and/or operator to provide
the necessary information to ensure that the loading conditions analysed are
realistic and sufficiently comprehensive.
f) The magnitude of relevant heeling moments including person, wind,
turning and, where applicable, sail, lifting, tow-rope and/or snagged
net.
5.3.2 Methods of testing and calculation

Unless otherwise specified, the parameters used for the purposes of
determining compliance with the criteria listed in this Chapter shall be
determined in accordance with Table 9.
Table 9 — Standard for tests and calculations
Item Standard
Hydrostatic and KN data Part C Subsection 6C

Lightship particulars Part C Subsection 6C
Part C Subsection 6A (1) and
Loading conditions
Part C Subsection 6C (2)
Maximum allowable angles of
Clause 3.8
heel s and c
Person heeling moment MP Annex A

Wind heeling moment MW Annex B
Turning moment MT Annex C
KEY:
(1) Refer to specific clauses within each particular set of criteria.
(2) Part C Subsection 6C specifies minimum requirements for
loading conditions to be presented in stability information.
5.4 CHAPTER 5A CRITERIA—COMPREHENSIVE CRITERIA OF GENERAL

APPLICATION TO ALL VESSELS
5.4.1 Application
The comprehensive criteria in this Clause are applicable to all vessels,
subject to Clause 5.3 and any applicable alternative criteria specified in
Table 2.
NOTE: Vessels engaged in special operations are also required to apply the additional
criteria specified in Table 3.
5.4.2 Criteria
normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 5A
criteria.

Table 10 — Chapter 5A criteria—Comprehensive criteria of general

application to all vessels
Criterion
No
All vessels within The angle of maximum righting lever max shall occur at an angle of
5A.1
application, Clause 5.2 heel not less than 15 degrees.
Angle of maximum
The area under the righting lever curve up to an angle of 15
5A.2a righting lever max occurs
degrees shall not be less than 4.01 metre-degrees.
at 15 degrees
The area under the righting lever curve up to the angle of
maximum righting lever (θmax) shall not be less than the area
determined by use of the formula:
Angle of maximum A0-θmax = 3 . 1 5 + 0 . 0 5 7 ( 3 0 – θmax)
righting lever max occurs
5A.2b where
between 15 degrees and
30 degrees A0-θmax = the area under the righting lever curve up to the angle of
maximum righting lever (θmax), in m degrees
θmax = the angle of heel at which the righting lever curve reaches
its maximum, in degrees
Angle of maximum
5A.2c righting lever max 30
degrees shall not be less than 3.15 metre-degrees.
degrees or more
All vessels within
5A.3 degrees, or the angle of flooding θf if this is less than 40 degrees,
application, Clause 5.2
shall not be less than 5.16 metre-degrees.
The area under the righting lever curve between the angles of heel
All vessels within of 30 degrees and 40 degrees, or between 30 degrees and the
5A.4
application, Clause 5.2 angle of flooding θf if this angle is less than 40 degrees, shall be
not less than 1.72 metre-degrees.
All vessels within The righting lever shall have a value not less than 0.2 metres at an
5A.5
application, Clause 5.2 angle of heel equal to or greater than 30 degrees.
Class 1 (passenger The minimum metacentric height (GFMO) shall be not less than
5A.6a
vessels) 0.15 m.
Class 2 (non-passenger The minimum metacentric height (GFMO) shall be not less than
5A.6b
vessels) 0.20 m.
The minimum metacentric height (GFMO) shall be not less than
5A.6c Class 3 (fishing vessels)
0.35 m.
All vessels within
The angle of heel h shall not exceed s degrees (see Table 4)
application, Clause 5.2
5A.7a when any of the individual heeling moments due to person
(except as modified by
crowding, wind or turn is applied.
5A.7b)
All operational area A
Instead of the wind heeling criterion specified in Criterion 5A.8a,
vessels, and operational
5A.7b the vessel shall comply with the wind and wave criteria specified in
area B vessels 24 m or
Annex H.
more in length
(Continued)

Table 10 (Continued)
Criterion
No
The angle of heel h shall not exceed c degrees (see Table 4)
Vessels carrying 50 or when the combined effect of the two greatest heeling moments
5A.8
more passengers resulting from person crowding, the effect of wind or the effect of
turn are applied simultaneously.
The area under the curve of righting levers and above the largest
Vessels having either of single heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the angle of flooding f if
the following: this angle is less than 40o), shall not be less than
The angle of maximum ARS = 1.03 + 0.2 A40 /  f
righting lever max < 25
degrees (see criterion where
5A.1), or
5A.9 ARS = minimum residual area under the curve of righting levers
The maximum allowable above the single heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the
angle s > 10 degrees angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o), in metre-
and the angle of heel h degrees
from a single heeling
moment > 10 degrees A40/ f = total area under the curve of righting levers up to 40 o (or
(see criterion 5A.7a) the angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o , in
metre-degrees
The area under the curve of righting levers and above the
combined heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the angle of flooding f
if this angle is less than 40o), shall not be less than
Vessels carrying 50 or ARC = 0.65 + 0.13 A40 /  f
more passengers where
the maximum allowable where
angle c > 15 degrees
5A.10 ARC = minimum residual area under the curve of righting levers
and the angle of heel h
from a combined heeling above the combined heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the
moment > 15 degrees angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o), in metre-
(see criterion 5A.8) degrees
A40/ f = total area under the curve of righting levers up to 40 o (or
the angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o , in
metre-degrees
5.5 CHAPTER 5B CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE COMPREHENSIVE CRITERIA

OF GENERAL APPLICATION TO CATAMARANS IN OPERATIONAL
AREAS B, C, D AND E
5.5.1 Application
The comprehensive criteria in this Clause may be applied to a catamaran
vessel operating in operational areas B, C, D and E as an alternative to
the Chapter 5A criteria, subject to Clause 5.3.

5.5.2 Criteria
normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 5B
criteria.
Table 11 — Chapter 5B criteria—Alternative comprehensive criteria of

general application to catamarans in operational areas B, C, D and E
Criterion
No
The area (A1) under the righting lever (GFZ) curve up to an angle 
shall be at least:
 30  
A1 = 3.15  
  
where
All vessels within Clause
5B.1 A1 = the area under the righting lever (GFZ) curve, in metre-
5.5.1
A1 degrees (seeFigure 7A)
 = the least angle, in degrees, of the following:
1) The downflooding angle θf in degrees.
2) The angle max at which maximum GFZ occurs in degrees.
3) 30 degrees.
All vessels within Clause The angle of maximum righting lever max shall occur at an angle of
5B.2
5.5.1 heel not less than 10 degrees.
The angle of heel h shall not exceed s degrees (see Table 4) when
5B.3 any of the individual heeling moments due to person crowding, wind
5.5.1
or turn is applied, (see Figure 7a)).
Heel due to the crowding of persons on one side of the vessel or due
to turning, whichever is greater, shall be applied in combination with
5B.4 the heeling lever due to wind HZ2 (see Clause 5.5.3) to obtain the
5.5.1
heeling lever HZTL. The resultant angle of heel h shall not be greater
than 16 degrees, (see Figure 7b)).
The effect of rolling in a seaway upon the vessel’s stability shall be
demonstrated mathematically. The residual area under the righting
5B.5 lever (GFZ) curve (A2), between the angle of heel (h) and the angle of
5.5.1
A1 roll (r) shall be at least 1.61 metre-degrees (see Figure 7b) and
Figure 7c)). (see Note)
NOTE: In the absence of model test or other data, r shall be taken as 15 degrees or an angle of (f – h) degrees
whichever is less. (see Figure 7)

Figure 7 — Chapter 5B catamaran intact stability
5.5.3 Methods of calculation

For the purposes of determining compliance with Chapter 5B criteria—
a) the moments for person crowding and heel due to turning calculated in
Annex A and Annex C shall be assumed to remain the same as the
upright value at all angles of inclination; and
b) the wind heeling moment shall be calculated in accordance with the
following formula and shall be assumed the same as the upright value
at all angles of vessel inclination.
HZ 2 = 1.5 HZ 1
where
HZ2 = the heeling lever due to wind, including gusting, in metres
HZ1 = the heeling lever due to wind, in metres
= PW AW h
1000 g 
where
PW = the wind pressure shall be taken as 500 Pa for
A1 operational areas B and C. For operational areas D
and E, the wind pressure may be reduced to
360 Pa and 300 Pa respectively
AW = the projected lateral area of that portion of the
vessel above the lightest service waterline in
square metres
A1 h = the vertical distance from the centre of area AW to a
point one half the lightest service draft in metres
 = the displacement of the vessel in tonnes

5.6 CHAPTER 5C CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE COMPREHENSIVE CRITERIA

OF GENERAL APPLICATION IN OPERATIONAL AREAS D AND E
5.6.1 Application
The comprehensive criteria in this Clause may be applied to a vessel
operating in operational areas D and E as an alternative to the Chapter
5A criteria, subject to Clause 5.3.
5.6.2 Criteria
normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 5C
criteria.
Table 12 — Chapter 5C criteria—Alternative comprehensive criteria of

general application to vessels in operational areas D and E
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 5C criterion description
No
The angle of heel h shall not exceed s degrees (see Table 4) when
5C.1 All vessels any of the individual heeling moments due to person crowding, wind
or turning is applied.
The angle of heel h shall not exceed c degrees (see Table 4)
Vessels carrying 50 or when the combined effect of the two greatest heeling moments
5C.2
more passengers resulting from person crowding, the effect of wind or the effect of
turn are applied simultaneously.
The righting lever GFZ at the intersection of the righting lever curve
and the heeling lever curve due to the effects of person crowding,
5C.3 All vessels
wind heel or turning, shall not exceed 60 per cent of the maximum
righting lever GFZmax. (See Figure 8)
The area under the curve of righting levers and above the largest
Vessels having either of single heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the angle of flooding f if
the following: this angle is less than 40o), shall not be less than
The angle of maximum ARS = 1.03 + 0.2 A40 /  f
righting lever max < 25
degrees, or where
5C.4 ARS = minimum residual area under the curve of righting levers
The maximum allowable
angle s > 10 degrees above the single heeling lever curve up to 40o (or the
and the angle of heel h angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o), in metre-
from a single heeling degrees
moment > 10 degrees A40/ f = total area under the curve of righting levers up to 40 o (or
(see criterion 5C.1) the angle of flooding f if this angle is less than 40o, in
metre-degrees
The area under the righting lever curve above the heeling lever
arising from the combined effects of the largest two of wind heel,
person crowding or turning lever curve (ARC), taken up to the angle
Vessels carrying 50 or
5C.5 of flooding (f) or the second intercept with the righting lever curve
more passengers
(whichever is less), shall be not less than 25 per cent of the total
area (AT) under the righting lever curve up to the angle of flooding f
or the second intercept whichever is less (See Figure 9).

Figure 8 — Proportion of GFZmax criterion for single heeling levers
Figure 9 — Residual area criterion for combined levers
5.7 CHAPTER 5D CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE COMPREHENSIVE CRITERIA

FOR DUMB BARGES
5.7.1 Application
The comprehensive criteria in this Clause may be applied to a barge as an
alternative to the Chapter 5A criteria, subject to Clause 5.3 and the
following:
a) The barge is not self-propelled.
b) The barge is not for Class 1 operations.
c) The barge does not have overnight accommodation spaces for
persons.
NOTE: barges engaged in special operations are also required to apply the additional
5.7.2 Criteria
normal operating conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 5D
criteria.

Table 13 — Chapter 5D criteria—Alternative criteria for dumb barges
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 5D criterion description
No
The area beneath the GFZ curve measured between 0 degrees
Seagoing barges and the angle of maximum righting arm GFZmax, the
5D.1a
Operational areas A, B, C downflooding angle θf, or 40 degrees, whichever angle is
smallest shall not be less than 4.58 metre-degrees.
The area beneath the GFZ curve measured between 0 degrees
Sheltered water barges and the angle of maximum righting arm GFZmax, the
5D.1b
Operational areas D, E downflooding angle θf, or 40 degrees, whichever angle is
smallest shall not be less than 3.05 metre-degrees.

CHAPTER 6 ADDITIONAL COMPREHENSIVE STABILITY

CRITERIA FOR SPECIAL OPERATIONS
6.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies additional comprehensive stability criteria applicable
to vessels that are exposed to particular hazards during operation. Such
hazards would not be adequately assessed and/or controlled by the
vessel’s compliance with just the comprehensive criteria of general
application.
6.2 APPLICATION
This Chapter applies to the vessels specified in Table 14.
Table 14 — Additional criteria for specific operations
Type of operation Application Criteria Reference

designation
Monohulls that set All vessels Ch. 6A Clause 6.3.4

sails
Alternative for vessels Ch. 6B Clause 6.3.5
up to 24 m length
Catamarans that set All vessels Ch. 6C Clause 6.4.4
sails
Vessels engaged in All vessels Ch. 6D Clause 6.5.4
lifting
Alternative for all Ch. 6E Clause 6.5.5
vessels
Vessels that use Ch. 6F Clause 6.5.6
counterweights or
counter ballast
Vessels engaged in All vessels within Clause Ch. 6G Clause 6.6.3
towing 6.6.3.1
Vessels engaged in All vessels Ch. 6H Clause 6.7.3
trawling
Sheltered water crane barges Ch. 6J Clause 6.8.2
vessels undergoing
transfer voyages at Bucket dredgers Ch. 6K Clause 6.9.2
sea
6.3 SAIL CRITERIA FOR MONOHULLS
6.3.1 Application
Clause 6.3 applies to monohull vessels that set sail where the sail area has
not been included as part of the windage area used for determining
windage moment in applying general criteria.
NOTE: As an alternative to the criteria specified in this Clause, a vessel that sets
relatively small steadying sails may be assessed using the stability criteria of general
application if the area of sail is included in the windage calculation.

6.3.2 Prerequisites for application of sail criteria

The application of criteria that use a wind pressure less than that specified
in Annex B is subject to the following prerequisites:
a) A vessel that sets sail shall be arranged to allow ready and rapid
handling of all sails by the crew over the anticipated range of wind and
weather conditions, and without assistance from other persons on
board. Sails shall be arranged so that they can be effectively and
quickly—
i) eased to spill wind in gusting or squall conditions; and
ii) reefed and/or furled to avoid excessive heeling moments in high
wind or squall conditions, or in anticipation of such conditions.
NOTE: A vessel that sets square sails, spinnakers or other sails that are relatively
cumbersome to quickly ease, reef or furl would need to be assessed as a proposal for
an equivalent solution.
b) The vessel shall be provided with an auxiliary means of propulsive
power sufficient to control and manoeuvre the vessel when under bare
poles.
c) Deck openings shall be—
i) fitted with weathertight closures;
ii) arranged to minimise the possibility of flooding the hull at large
angles of heel by being located on or near the centre line of the
vessel; and
iii) arranged to ensure that, apart from air pipes to tanks, no opening
regardless of size which may lead to progressive flooding shall be
immersed at an angle of heel of less than 40 degrees.
6.3.3 Movable ballast arrangements

Monohull vessels fitted with arrangements that modify the stability
characteristics of the vessel while underway (such as canting keels, water
ballast systems or keels that raise or lower) shall comply with the relevant
stability criteria in all conditions of operation.
6.3.4 Chapter 6A criteria—Additional criteria for monohull vessels that set

sails
6.3.4.1 Application
The criteria in this Clause apply to monohull vessels that set sail. They
are additional to the criteria of general application in Chapter 4 and
Chapter 5 and are subject to Clauses 6.3.2 and 6.3.3.
NOTES:
1. Alternative comprehensive criteria for vessels of length less than 24 m are
specified in Clause 6.3.5.
2. Alternative simplified criteria for sheltered water vessels of length less than 15 m
are specified in Clause 8.3.
6.3.4.2 Criteria
loading conditions during which sail may be set shall be deemed to satisfy
the Chapter 6A criteria.

Table 15 — Chapter 6A criteria—Additional criteria for monohull

vessels that set sail
Criterion Limits to
Chapter 6A criterion description
No application
The positive range of stability from upright to the angle of negative GFZ
Operational areas
6A.1a (exclusive of the effect of downflooding points) shall not be less than
A, B
90 degrees.
The positive range of stability from upright to the angle of negative GFZ
Operational areas
6A.1b (exclusive of the effect of downflooding points) shall not be less than
C, D, E
70 degrees.
With all plain sail set and subject to a steady beam wind corresponding
All vessels within to a pressure of 105 Pa (equivalent to 26 knots average) the vessel
6A.2
application shall not heel beyond the angle for deck edge immersion θde (see
Figure 10).
With all plain sail set and subject to a gusting beam wind
corresponding to a pressure of 182 Pa (equivalent to 34 knots
Operational areas
6A.3a gusting), the vessel shall maintain sufficient residual area under the
A, B
righting lever (GFZ) curve to achieve dynamic balance when heeled to
the angle of downflooding θf or 60 degrees, whichever is the lesser.
Operational areas
6A.3b gusting), the vessel shall maintain sufficient residual area under the
C, D, E
the angle of downflooding θf or 60 degrees, whichever is the lesser.
Operational areas
6A.4a gusting), the vessel shall maintain sufficient residual area under the
A, B
the limit of positive stability or 90 degrees, whichever is the greater.
Operational areas
6A.4b gusting), the vessel shall maintain sufficient residual area under the
C, D, E
the limit of positive stability or 90 degrees, whichever is the greater.
6.3.4.3 Methods of calculation

The windage area under sail shall be determined for all plain sail without
reefing and in accordance with Clause D3. The windage moment under sail
shall be determined as specified in Annex D. The criteria specified in
Clause 6.3.4.2 shall be determined using the methods specified in Annex J.

Figure 10 — Angle of heel to deck edge immersion
6.3.5 Chapter 6B criteria—Alternative additional criteria for monohull

vessels that set sail of length less than 24 m
6.3.5.1 Application
The criteria in this Clause apply to monohull vessels that set sail of length
less than 24 m. They are additional to the criteria of general application in
Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 and are subject to Clauses 6.3.2 and 6.3.3.
NOTES:
1. Alternative comprehensive criteria are specified in Clause 6.3.4.
2. Alternative simplified criteria for specified sheltered water vessels of length less
than 15 m are specified in Clause 8.3.
6.3.5.2 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table 16 for all
combinations of sail over the range of loading conditions during which sail
may be set shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6B criteria.
Table 16 — Chapter 6B criteria—Alternative additional criteria for

monohull vessels that set sail of length less than 24 m
Criterion
No
The righting lever (GFZ) curve for each condition of loading shall
6B.1 All vessels demonstrate that the vessel has a minimum positive range of
stability of at least 110 degrees.
The angle of heel θh obtained from the intersection of the mean
6B.2 All vessels wind heeling lever curve, with the righting lever (GFZ) curves for
each condition shall be greater than 15 degrees.
No opening regardless of size which may lead to progressive
downflooding shall be immersed at an angle of heel of less than
40 degrees.
6B.3 All vessels
NOTE: Air pipes serving tanks that normally contain consumables or
that are full during a particular condition of loading need not be
considered as openings that may lead to progressive downflooding.


The windage area and wind heeling moment under sail shall be determined
in accordance with Annex D. The mean wind heeling lever (HZ) shall be
calculated and plotted on each of the righting lever (GFZ) curves to
determine the maximum recommended steady heel angle. The method for
calculating the mean wind heeling lever shall be as specified in Annex K.
NOTE: While not needed for calculation of criteria, an analysis is required to
provide the guidance for the operator specified in Part C Section 6C as to the
appropriate amount of sail to be carried at a given wind speed. In this case
the upright maximum mean wind heeling lever is used to establish the
appropriate combinations of wind pressure and sail plan using the method
provided in Annex D. The wind speed corresponding to a given wind pressure
A1 may be determined by the following formula:
VW = 6.25 PW
Where
VW = the corresponding wind speed, in knots
PW = the wind pressure, in Pascals
6.4 SAIL CRITERIA FOR CATAMARANS

6.4.1 Application
Clause 6.4 applies to catamaran vessels that set sail where the sail area
has not been included as part of the windage area used for determining
windage moment in applying general criteria.
NOTE: As an alternative to the criteria specified in this Clause, a vessel that sets
relatively small steadying sails may be assessed using the stability criteria of general
application if the area of sail is included in the windage calculation.
6.4.2 Prerequisites for application of catamaran sail criteria

The application of criteria that use a wind pressure less than that specified
in Annex B is subject to the following prerequisites:
a) A catamaran vessel that sets sail shall be arranged to allow ready and
rapid handling of all sails by the crew over the anticipated range of
wind and weather conditions, and without assistance from other
personnel. Sails shall be arranged so that they can be effectively and
quickly—
i) eased to spill wind in gusting or squall conditions; and
ii) reefed and/or furled to avoid excessive heeling moments in high
wind or squall conditions, or in anticipation of such conditions.
NOTE: A vessel that sets spinnakers or other similar sails that are relatively
cumbersome to quickly ease, reef or furl would need to be assessed as a proposal for
an equivalent solution.
b) The vessel shall be provided with an auxiliary means of propulsive
power sufficient to control and manoeuvre the vessel when under bare
poles.
c) Deck openings shall be fitted with weathertight closures arranged to
minimise the possibility of flooding the hull at large angles of heel.

6.4.3 Movable ballast arrangements

Catamaran vessels fitted with arrangements that modify the stability
characteristics of the vessel while underway (such as water ballast systems
or keels that raise or lower) shall comply with the relevant stability criteria in
all intended conditions of operation.
6.4.4 Chapter 6C criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for catamaran
vessels that set sails
6.4.4.1 Application
The criteria in this Clause apply to catamaran vessels that set sails. It is
additional to the general criteria in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 and subject to
Clauses 6.4.2 and 6.4.3.
NOTE: Alternative simplified criteria for sheltered water catamarans of length less than
15 m are specified in Clause 8.4.
6.4.4.2 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table 17 for all amidships
without reefing and over the range of loading conditions during which sail
may be set shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6C criteria.
NOTE: The criteria specified within this Subsection do not address the risks of pitch-
poling that can arise with some catamaran sailing vessels1. Longitudinal stability is
likely to become a factor if:
LH
 2
BH
where
LH = the overall length of each hull, in metres
BH = The distance between the centre lines of the two hulls,
in metres
Table 17 — Chapter 6C criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for

catamaran vessels that set sail
Criterion
No
With all plain sail set and subject to a steady beam wind
All vessels within
6C.1 average), the value of GFZ at the point of intersection of the
application clause
wind heeling lever curve shall not exceed 25 per cent of the
maximum value of GFZ.
The maximum permissible steady wind speed specified for
combinations of sail other than all plain sail shall be such that
All vessels within
6C.2 the value of GFZ at the point of intersection of the wind heeling
application clause
lever curve shall not exceed 25 per cent of the maximum value
of GFZ.
1 Blythe, A.G. Stability Criteria for Multi-hull Sailing Vessels, RINA conference on
Small Craft Regulations, 2004.


The windage area and wind heeling moment under sail shall be determined
in accordance with Annex D.
NOTE: Annex D is inaccurate for sailing catamarans operating at large angles of heel
because it makes no allowance for the added windage area of the bridging deck as the
windward hull emerges. However, the criteria are predicated on the fact that the
windward hull is not to emerge in normal operation.
6.5 VESSELS ENGAGED IN LIFTING
6.5.1 Application
Clause 6.5 applies to vessels engaged in lifting.
EXAMPLES:
Lifting cargo, catch or stores using a crane, derrick or sheerlegs
Lifting of anchors or moorings over stern rollers of an offshore supply
vessel
Lifting masses from the sea bottom on salvage vessels
Operations using a winch to recover a snagged net on trawlers
Lifting the cod end on trawlers, purse seiners and other fishing vessels
that utilise large nets
6.5.2 Exclusions
Unless specifically identified as a potential capsizing hazard, these criteria
need not be applied to activities—
a) involving the lifting of the vessel’s own structures or equipment, or
EXAMPLES:
Ship’s anchors
Survival craft
Accommodation ladders
Equipment for man overboard recovery
Vehicle ramps
b) where the maximum heeling moment due to the lift is less than the
following:
F
ML  0.67  GF M 0  
B
where
ML = the maximum heeling moment due to the lift, in tonne-
metres
Δ = The mass displacement of the vessel including the lift
load, in tonnes
GFM0 = Initial metacentric height including the effect of the lift
load, in metres
F = Freeboard to the deck edge amidships, in metres
B = Breadth of vessel, in metres

6.5.3 Vessels engaged in lifting that employ counter ballasting or

counterweights
In addition to the Chapter 6D or 6E criteria specified in this Subsection, a
vessel that employs counter ballasting or counterweights when lifting shall
also comply with the Chapter 6F criteria.
NOTE: The combination of off-centre mass and dynamic effects that arises if a vessel
that relies on counter ballasting or counterweights to reduce heel when lifting suddenly
loses its load can seriously compromise stability.
6.5.4 Chapter 6D criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion for vessels

that lift masses
6.5.4.1 Application
Subject to Clause 6.5.2 the criterion in this Clause applies to vessels that
lift masses. It is additional to the general criteria in Chapter 4 and Chapter
5 and subject to Clause 6.5.3.
NOTES:
1. Alternative comprehensive criteria are specified in Clause 6.5.5.
2. Alternative simplified criteria for sheltered water crane barges are specified in
Clause 8.5.
6.5.4.2 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the criterion listed in Table 18 over the range of
loading conditions during which the vessel is engaged in lifting shall be
deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6D criterion.
Table 18 — Chapter 6D criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion

for vessels engaged in lifting
Criterion
No
The residual area AR beneath the righting lever curve and above
the heeling lever curve up to 40 degrees angle of heel (or up to
All vessels specified in
the angle of downflooding, f degrees, if this angle is less than
6D.1 Clause 6.5.1, excluding
40 degrees) shall not be less than 40 per cent of the total area
those in Clause 6.5.2
under the modified righting lever curve from 0 degrees to 40
degrees (or from 0 degrees to f degrees).
6D.2 Clause 6.5.1, excluding
when the load heeling lever is applied.

The loading conditions and heeling lever curve specified in Clause 6.5.4.2
shall be calculated using a heeling moment determined in accordance with
Annex E.

6.5.5 Chapter 6E criteria—Alternative additional comprehensive criteria for

vessels that lift masses
6.5.5.1 Application
Subject to Clause 6.5.2 the criterion in this Clause applies to vessels that
lift masses. They are additional to the general criteria specified in Chapter 4
but replace the general criteria in Chapter 5 for the loading conditions
during which the vessel is engaged in lifting and are also subject to Clause
6.5.3.
NOTES:
1. An alternative comprehensive criterion is specified in Clause 6.5.4.
2. Alternative simplified criteria for sheltered water crane barges are specified in
Clause 8.5.
6.5.5.2 Criteria
loading conditions during which the vessel is engaged in lifting shall be
deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6E criteria.
Table 19 — Chapter 6E criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for

vessels engaged in lifting
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6E criterion description
No
6E.1 Clause 6.5.1, excluding The angle of downflooding f shall not be less than 40 degrees
The vessel shall have residual area AR measured beneath the
Seagoing vessels righting lever curve and above the load heeling lever curve to
6E.2a
Operational areas A, B, C the maximum residual ordinate (see Figure 11), or 40 degrees,
whichever is less, not less than 4.58 metre-degrees.
The vessel shall have residual area AR measured beneath the
Sheltered water vessels righting lever curve and above the load heeling lever curve to
6E.2b
Operational areas D, E the maximum residual ordinate (see Figure 11), or 40 degrees,
not less than 3.05 metre-degrees.
6E.3 Clause 6.5.1, excluding
when the load heeling lever is applied.
NOTE: Where the heeling lever reduces with increasing angle of heel, the maximum residual ordinate occurs at an
angle slightly larger than the angle of maximum GFZ.

Figure 11 — Residual dynamic stability to the maximum residual

ordinate

The displacement, VCG and heeling lever curve specified in Clause 6.5.5.2
shall be calculated in accordance with Annex E.
6.5.6 Chapter 6F criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion for vessels

that employ counter ballasting or counterweights when engaged in
lifting
6.5.6.1 Application
The criteria in this Clause apply to vessels that employ counter ballasting
or counterweights when lifting masses. They are additional to the Chapter
6D or 6E criteria for vessels lifting masses.
6.5.6.2 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the applicable criterion listed in Table 20 over
the range of loading conditions during which the vessel is engaged in lifting
shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6F criterion.
Table 20 — Chapter 6F criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion

for vessels that employ counter ballasting or counterweights when
engaged in lifting
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6F criterion description
No
The area above the righting lever (GFZ) without load curve and
below the counter ballast (or counterweight) moment curve up
to the angle of downflooding or the point at which positive
Seagoing vessels
6F.1a stability is lost (Area 2) shall be greater than the area below the
Operational areas A, B, C
righting lever curve with load released up to the steady angle of
heel before the load was released (Area 1) plus 2.12 metre-
degrees, see Figure 12.
Sheltered water vessels The area above the righting lever (GFZ) without load curve and
6F.1b
Operational areas D, E below the counter ballast (or counterweight) moment curve up

Criterion
No
to the angle of downflooding or the point at which positive
stability is lost (Area 2) shall be greater than the area below the
righting lever curve with load released up to the steady angle of
heel before the load was released (Area 1), see Figure 12.
Figure 12 — Criteria for counter balance

The loading conditions and heeling lever curve specified in Clause 6.5.4.2
shall be calculated in accordance with Annex E, but as modified by this
Clause.
The righting lever GFZ curve used to calculate Area 1 and Area 2
(representative of the righting and heeling energy) is determined at the draft
and vertical centre of gravity of the vessel without the load on the derrick or
jib, see Figure 12.
The angle h is determined from the intersection of the righting lever (GFZ)
curve and (jib heel moment—counter ballast moment) curve calculated for
the vessel with the load on the jib.
NOTES:
1. The key variables that are considered in this analysis are displacement, maximum
vertical moment; crane load radius; and the configuration of the counter ballast or
counterweight.
2. The righting lever GFZ curve will be discontinuous at the equilibrium angle (hook
load side), since displacement and centre of gravity above keel KGF change with
loss of hook load (See Figure 12).

6.6 VESSELS ENGAGED IN TOWING
6.6.1 Application
Clause 6.6 applies to vessels engaged in towing by means of a tow-rope
where—
a) the vessel being towed is likely to exceed twice the displacement of
the towing vessel; or
b) the drag of the tow at a speed of 3 knots exceeds the bollard pull of the
vessel.
It excludes pushing operations and operations where a vessel tows by
being lashed alongside.
NOTE: Many vessels arranged for towing by pushing or being lashed alongside will
also, on occasion, tow by means of a tow-rope.
EXAMPLES:
Tugs
offshore supply vessels
Rescue and patrol vessels
Aquaculture vessels that tow large fish cages
6.6.2 Prerequisites for application of towing criteria

The application of towing criteria specified in Clause 6.6.3 is subject to the
following prerequisites:
a) The arrangements for attachment of the tow-rope on the towing vessel
shall be designed to minimise any overturning moment which may
occur as a result of the lead of the tow-rope.
NOTES:
1. Locating the point of attachment and leads of the tow-rope as low as possible on
the vessel will reduce the magnitude of the tow-rope heeling moment.
2. Restraining the tow line from a vessel engaged in towing at sea by means of
towing pins or a gobeye located toward the stern will help limit the magnitude of
the yaw angle while underway.
b) The point of attachment of the tow-rope on the towing vessel shall
have a positive, safe and rapid means of quick release. The means of
release shall function correctly under all conditions of towing, including
when the tow-rope is under full load.
NOTE: Means for quick release include remotely operated release mechanisms on tow
hooks, or remote declutching or tension limiting devices on tow winches.
c) The tow hook on vessels propelled by screws on conventional fixed
propeller shafts shall be fitted—
i) abaft the longitudinal centre of gravity (LCG) of the vessel; and
ii) at least 2 per cent of the measured length of the vessel aft of
amidships.

6.6.3 Chapter 6G criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion for vessels

engaged in towing
6.6.3.1 Application
The criterion in this Clause applies to vessels engaged in towing. It is
additional to the general criteria in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 and subject to
Clause 6.6.2.
6.6.3.2 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the applicable criterion listed in Table 21 over
the range of loading conditions during which the vessel is likely to engage
in towing shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6G criterion.
Table 21 — Chapter 6G criterion—Additional comprehensive criterion

for vessels engaged in towing
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6G criterion description
No
Vessels with propeller(s) on a conventional fixed propeller shaft
Assuming a tow-rope angle of 0 degrees to the horizontal, the
residual area (AR) beneath the righting lever curve and above
the tow-rope heeling lever curve up to 40 degrees angle of heel
Seagoing vessels
6G.1a (or up to the angle of downflooding, f degrees, if this angle is
less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than 1.03 metre-degrees
plus 20 per cent of the total area under the righting lever curve
from 0 degrees to 40 degrees (or from 0 degrees to f degrees).
Sheltered water vessels
6G.1b (or up to the angle of downflooding, f degrees, if this angle is
Operational areas D, E
less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than 1.03 metre-degrees
plus 20 per cent of the total area under the righting lever curve
Vessels with azimuthing or cycloidal propeller(s)
Seagoing vessels
6G.1c (or up to the angle of downflooding, f degrees, if this angle is
less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than 40 per cent of the
total area under the righting lever curve from 0 degrees to 40
Sheltered water vessels
6G.1d (or up to the angle of downflooding, f degrees, if this angle is
Operational areas D, E
less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than 40 per cent of the
total area under the righting lever curve from 0 degrees to 40


The Chapter 6G criterion specified in Clause 6.6.3.2 shall be calculated
using the values of displacement, VCG and heeling lever curve using the
methods specified in Annex F.
NOTE: The calculation in Annex F does not address the very large overturning levers
that can arise from sudden loads on the tow-rope caused when the tow is moving at
relatively high speeds. Such loads can occur on escort tugs (tugs that attend large
vessels while passing through restricted waters). For escort duties, the magnitude of
the overturning load may be as great as the breaking load of the tow-rope (exceeding
the bollard pull of the vessel (PBP) that is assumed for the purposes of this minimum
standard).
6.7 VESSELS ENGAGED IN TRAWLING
6.7.1 Application
Clause 6.7 applies to vessels engaged in towing trawl nets.
EXAMPLES:
Prawn trawlers and other boom trawlers
Stern trawlers
Side trawlers
Research vessels
6.7.2 Prerequisites for application of trawling criteria

The application of trawling criteria specified in Clause 6.7.3 shall be subject
to the owner of the vessel providing a declaration that either—
a) confirms that the the effect on the vessel’s stability of the intended
trawling operations would be no worse than the loading conditions
analysed against the minimum requirements of the relevant criteria; or
b) describes in detail the trawling operations that could foreseeably have
an effect on the vessel’s stability that is worse than the minimum
requirements specified in the relevant criteria.
6.7.3 Chapter 6H criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for vessels

engaged in trawling
6.7.3.1 Application
The criteria in this Clause apply to loading conditions where the vessel is
engaged in trawling. They are additional to the general criteria in Chapter
4 and Chapter 5 and are subject to Clause 6.7.2.
6.7.3.2 Criteria
loading conditions during which the vessel is likely to engage in trawling
shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6H criteria.

Table 22 — Chapter 6H criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for

vessels engaged in trawling
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6H criterion description
No
Snagged net: The residual area AR beneath the righting lever
curve and above the heeling lever curve from a snagged net up to
All vessels within 40 degrees angle of heel (or up to the angle of downflooding, f
6H.1
application degrees, if this angle is less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than
40 per cent of the total area under the modified righting lever curve
Attempted retrieval of a snagged net (stalled winch condition):
The residual area AR beneath the righting lever curve and above the
heeling lever curve from attempting to retrieve a snagged net up to
All vessels within
6H.2 40 degrees angle of heel (or up to the angle of downflooding, f
application
degrees, if this angle is less than 40 degrees) shall not be less than
40 per cent of the total area under the modified righting lever curve

The criterion specified for 6H.1 (Clause 6.7.3.2) shall be calculated using
the values of displacement, VCG and heeling moment of a snagged fishing
net calculated using the methods specified in Annex G.
Loading conditions shall include the effects of fish on deck, fish on a sorting
table and/or the lifting of the cod end on deck (see Clause 6.5) where such
operations may be carried out while the vessel is engaged in trawling
operations. Such effects shall include an allowance for the ‘free surface’ of
fish where fish would be free to slide as the vessel heels.
The criterion specified for 6H.2 (Clause 6.7.3.2) shall be calculated using
the values of displacement, VCG and heeling moment determined at the
moment the trawl winch stalls while attempting to retrieve a snagged fishing
net calculated using the methods specified in Annex E.
Where there is a high likelihood of downflooding of fish holds or brine tanks,
the loading conditions shall include an investigation of the effect on
compliance with the criteria of such spaces assumed full of sea water and
with free surface. Spaces shall be deemed to be subject to such risks
where —
a) the opening to the particular fish hold or brine tank is likely to be left
open for periods of time while the vessel is engaged in fishing; and
b) that opening immerses at angles of heel that are less than the lesser of
40 degrees or angle of downflooding f.
6.8 ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR SHELTERED WATER CRANE BARGES

WHILE ON TRANSFER VOYAGES AT SEA
6.8.1 Application
The criteria in Clause 6.8 apply to sheltered water crane barges while
engaged in transfer voyages at sea. They are additional to the relevant

criteria in Chapter 4 to Chapter 8 that apply when the vessel is engaged in

sheltered waters operations.
NOTES:
1. These criteria do not replace the applicable criteria for a crane barge that is
intended for operation at sea.
2. As an alternative to these criteria, the crane barge may comply with the relevant
seagoing criteria of general application.
6.8.2 Chapter 6J Criteria— Additional comprehensive criteria for sheltered

water crane barges while on transfer voyages at sea
A vessel that, for the range of loading conditions representative of transfer
voyages at sea, complies with the criteria listed in Table 23 shall be
deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6J criteria.

Table 23 — Chapter 6J criteria—Additional comprehensive criteria for

sheltered water crane barges while on transfer voyages at sea
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6J criterion description
No
The ratio between the minimum capsizing moment MC and the
wind heeling moment MW when applied to the lateral profile area
shall not be less than 1.75, i.e.
M C0
 1.75
MW 0
All vessels within where
6J.1
application clause
MC0 = the minimum straight line (i.e.; constant as at
the value at 0° heel) capsizing moment, in
tonne-metres
MW0 = the wind heeling moment at 0° heel
determined in accordance with Annex B, in
tonne-metres
When subjected to the wind moment MW, the craft shall not heel
All vessels within to an angle where a vertical line through the centre of gravity
6J.2
application clause would lie beyond the deck edge or to an angle of 15 degrees
whichever is the lesser, see Figure 13 and Note.
NOTE: To meet this criterion, it may be necessary that the crane structure be partially dismantled and lowered
and/or additional ballast be provided.
Figure 13 — Heeled crane barge showing line of centre of gravity

within deck edge of barge

The minimum capsizing moment, MC shall be obtained using the following
procedure (see also Figure 14):

a) Determine the dynamic stability curve being the integral of the righting
lever curve GFZ (i.e. GFZd).
b) On the dynamic stability curve, draw a line AC tangential to the
dynamic stability curve.
c) Draw a vertical line BC at 57.3 degrees (one radian) from the origin
point A.
d) Calculate the minimum capsizing moment MC0 from the following
formula:
M C0 =   BC
where
MC0 = the minimum capsizing moment at 0 degrees of heel, in
tonne- metres
 = vessel displacement, in tonnes
BC = the vertical dimension measured from Figure 14, in metres
Figure 14 — Curve of dynamic stability
6.9 ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR SHELTERED WATER BUCKET

DREDGERS WHILE ON TRANSFER VOYAGES AT SEA
6.9.1 Application
The criteria in Clause 6.9 apply to sheltered water bucket dredgers while
engaged in transfer voyages at sea. They are additional to the relevant
criteria in Chapter 4 to Chapter 8 that apply when the vessel is engaged in
sheltered waters operations.
NOTES:
1. These criteria do not replace the applicable criteria for a bucket dredger that is
intended for operation at sea.
2. As an alternative to these criteria, the bucket dredger may comply with the
relevant seagoing criteria of general application.

6.9.2 Chapter 6K Criteria— Additional criteria for sheltered water bucket

dredgers while on transfer voyages at sea
A vessel that, for the range of conditions of loading representing transfer
voyages at sea, complies with the criteria listed in Table 24 shall be
deemed to satisfy the Chapter 6K criteria.
Table 24 — Chapter 6K criteria—Additional criteria for sheltered water

bucket dredgers while on transfer voyages at sea
Criterion
Limits to application Chapter 6K criterion description
No
The freeboard shall be sufficient to prevent the freeboard deck
All vessels within
6K.1 edge becoming immersed at an angle of heel of less than 12.5
application clause
degrees.
All vessels within The range of stability to the downflooding angle θf shall be at
6K.2
application clause least 45 degrees.
All vessels within
6K.3 The maximum GFZ value shall be at least 0.61 metres.
application clause
All vessels within
6K.4 The metacentric height GFM0 shall be at least 1.22 metres.
application clause
NOTE: To meet this criterion, it may be necessary that the ladder on the bucket dredger be partially dismantled
and lowered and/or additional ballast be provided.

CHAPTER 7 SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF GENERAL

APPLICATION
7.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies simplified criteria of general application that, if
applicable, may be substituted instead of the comprehensive criteria of
general application specified in Chapter 5.
NOTES:
1. Simplified criteria provide alternative means to verify compliance with the deemed-
to-satisfy standard of intact stability that are simpler to apply than comprehensive
criteria.
2. Simplified criteria are based upon assumptions and approximations and so are not
suited to vessels that fall outside the parameters of form and/or operation
specified in the application of those criteria.
3. A failure of a vessel to be able to apply or comply with simplified criteria does not
necessarily mean that the vessel would fail comprehensive criteria. The vessel
can still be assessed against the relevant comprehensive criteria.
7.2 APPLICATION
This Chapter applies to the vessels specified in Table 25, subject to the
applicable limits of application specified for the particular suite of simplified
stability.
Table 25 — Simplified stability of general application
Area of Limitations on Applicable

Other conditions Suite of criteria
operation length clause
As per Clause 7.3.2 Ch. 7A 7.3

Less than 20 m
As per Clause 7.4.2 Ch. 7B 7.4
C
collared vessels as per
Less than 12 m Ch. 7C 7.5
Clause 7.5.2
As per Clause 7.3.2 Ch. 7A 7.3

Less than 35 m
As per Clause 7.4.2 Ch. 7B 7.4
collared vessels as per

Less than 12 m Ch. 7C 7.5
Clause 7.5.2
D, E
Less than 7.5 m As per Clause 7.6.2 Ch. 7D 7.6
Catamarans, as per
Less than 20 m Ch. 7E 7.7
Clause 7.7.2
Less than 50 m Dumb barges Ch. 7F 7.8
7.3 CHAPTER 7A CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION IN OPERATIONAL AREAS C, D AND E
7.3.1 Scope
Clause 7.3 provides an alternate means of verifying compliance with the
intact stability requirements of this Standard by specifying criteria that allow
the application of a practical inclining experiment, without the need to

determine KN data, analyse loading conditions and also, in many cases,

determine hydrostatic data.
NOTE: The procedure for undertaking a practical inclining experiment is specified in
Subsection 6C.
7.3.2 Application
Clause 7.3 may be applied as an alternative to comprehensive criteria of
general application specified in Chapter 5 provided the vessel—
a) operates within operational areas C, D or E;
b) has a measured length less than—
i) 20 m in operational area C, or
ii) 35 m in operational areas D or E;
c) carries not more than 49 passengers;
d) has not more than one deck above the freeboard deck, exclusive of a
wheelhouse; and
e) is not engaged in special operations which are required to meet the
additional comprehensive criteria specified in Chapter 6, and for which
no simplified alternative is provided in Chapter 8.
NOTE: There is no benefit to applying simplified intact criteria on vessels that require
comprehensive analysis to verify compliance with the damaged stability standards
specified in Subsection 6C.
7.3.3 Prerequisites for application of Chapter 7A criteria
7.3.3.1 No sudden changes in waterplane area

The waterplane of the vessel over the range of loading conditions shall not
significantly reduce in area or moment of inertia as the vessel heels.
A vessel shall be deemed to satisfy this requirement if the deck edge does
not immerse and the chine does not emerge when the vessel is heeled to
angles 2R and R respectively, see Clause 7.3.5.4. A vessel that is unable
to satisfy this requirement may also be deemed to satisfy provided
conservative factors of safety are applied, see Clause 7.3.5.5.
NOTE: Chapter 7A criteria are based on the assumption that a vessel’s stability
characteristics in the upright condition reflect the stability characteristics over the
relevant range of heel angles. This assumption is only valid provided the shape of the
waterplane area does not significantly alter. The criteria are best suited to
displacement vessels of round bilge or deep chine hull form.
7.3.3.2 Decks on seagoing vessels that carry passengers

7.3.3.2.1 Drainage of water
Vessels that carry passengers within operational area C shall have means
to drain the decks of water, without assistance of propulsive power and
forward motion.
7.3.3.2.2 Minimum freeboard
The minimum freeboard on vessels that carry passengers within
operational area C measured to the lowest weathertight deck shall not be
less than the value specified in Table 26.

Table 26 — Minimum freeboard prerequisite for Chapter 7A criteria for

vessels that carry passengers to sea
Minimum freeboard (mm)
Measured length All vessels within application Alternative for vessels that
Lm (m) except for specified vessels carry passengers not more
that carry passengers that are than 5 nm to sea where the
all divers passengers are all divers
Less than 6 m 150 150
150 + (Lm – 6) x 100
6 m to 10 m 150
4
More than 10 m 250 150
7.3.4 Criteria
A vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table 27 shall be deemed
to satisfy the Chapter 7A criteria.
Table 27 — Chapter 7A criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of

general application in operational areas C, D and E
Criterion Limits to
Chapter 7A criterion description
No application
The vessel at the relevant displacement shall have an initial metacentric
height GFMo, not less than the largest of the values calculated from the
following formulae:
MP
GF M o = FS
 tan  R
MW
GF M o = FS
 tan  R
MT
GF M o = FS
 tan  R
where
All vessels within
7A.1 GFMo = the required net initial metacentric height, in metres
application clause
Fs = factor of safety determined in accordance with Clause 7.3.5.5
MP = the persons crowding moment in the upright condition
( = 0), in tonne-metres
MW = the wind heeling moment in the upright condition
( = 0), in tonne-metres
MT = turning moment in the upright position ( = 0), in tonne-metres
 = the vessel displacement, determined in accordance with
Clause 7.3.5.2, in tonnes
R = an angle representing the maximum reliable angle of heel,
calculated from the geometry of the vessel in accordance with
Clause 7.3.5.4, in degrees

7.3.5.1 Standard tests and calculations

The parameters specified in Clause 7.3.4 shall be determined in
accordance with Table 28.
Table 28 — Standard tests and calculations for Chapter 7A criteria
Parameter Test Magnitude
GF M 0 Practical inclining experiment Clause 7.3.5.3

see Subsection 6C
 Practical inclining experiment Clause 7.3.5.2
see Subsection 6C
MP N/A Annex A
MW N/A Annex B
MT N/A Annex C
7.3.5.2 Displacement 
The displacement shall represent the vessel in the worst of the following
two conditions of loading for intact stability—
a) a near light condition, but with all persons on board and tanks 25 per
cent full (to provide free surface); and
b) a near laden condition, but with all tanks 75 per cent full (to provide
free surface).
Where the worst condition of loading is not evident, then compliance shall
be determined in both conditions.
NOTE: Either two simplified inclining tests are carried out or the result of a single test
is used to determine by calculation compliance of the second condition by working
through a loading condition and applying hydrostatic data.
7.3.5.3 Metacentric height GFM0

The metacentric height shall be determined assuming any persons are
distributed to give the maximum height of the centre of gravity. On vessels
having a deck above the freeboard deck that is accessible to passengers,
the mass of passengers on the upper deck for the purposes of determining
GFM0 shall be increased by 33 per cent. The mass of passengers on the
freeboard deck shall be the total mass of passengers less the assumed
mass of passengers on the upper deck for the purposes of determining
GFM0.
7.3.5.4 Maximum reliable angle of heel R

The maximum reliable angle of heel shall be determined by the least value
of the angle of heel R, in degrees at—
a) 50 per cent of the freeboard to the deck edge, see RF in Figure 15 a);
b) 25 per cent of the freeboard to the first point of downflooding, see RD
in Figure 15 b);

NOTE: Part C Section 2 specifies requirements for openings that prevent or

significantly reduce the ingress of water from transient immersion. A dorade box,
labyrinth or similar device is used to provide such protection for ventilation
openings in the exposed topsides of a seagoing vessel.
c) the angle of heel in degrees at which the chine of a vessel having only
a single hard chine emerges, see RC in Figure 15 c); and
d) the maximum allowable angle of heel from a single heeling moment S
degrees (see Table 4).
NOTE: Methods for determining freeboard are provided in Subsection 6C, including
adjustments for decked vessels having a discontinuous sheer.
Figure 15 — Determination of maximum reliable angle of heel R
7.3.5.5 Correction factor Fs

NOTE: The Chapter 7A criteria assume that the vessel’s stability characteristics in the
upright position are representative of the stability over a range of angles of heel. This
assumption may become invalid if parts of the deck edge immerses or chine emerges
at relatively small angles of heel. The correction factor FS allows the criteria to apply to
vessels notwithstanding likely early changes in waterplane area as the vessel heels. A
factor of safety is determined that assumes that the waterplane area is reduced in
direct proportion to the change in immersed deck or emerged chine length.

Where a portion of the length of chine emerges or deck immerses before

the maximum reliable angle of heel, an adjustment to the required value of
GFM0 may be applied determined by a factor Fs, calculated as follows:
FS = FC FD
where
FC = a factor to compensate for chine emergence
= the greater of LCU/LCH and 1
where
LCU = the length of the immersed hard chine when
upright, in metres, see Figure 16
LCH = the length of the immersed hard chine on the
emerging side of the hull when heeled to an angle R, in
metres, see Figure 16
FD = a factor to compensate for deck immersion
= the greater of LDU/LDH and 1
where
LDU = the length of the emerged deck when upright, in
metres, see Figure 16
LDH = the length of the emerged deck on the immersing
side of the hull when heeled to an angle 2R, in metres,
see Figure 16
Chapter 7A criteria shall not be applied to a vessel if either FC or FD
exceeds 1.33.
Figure 16 — Lengths used in calculation of correction factor

7.4 CHAPTER 7B CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION IN OPERATIONAL AREAS C, D AND E
7.4.1 Scope
Clause 7.4 provides a simplified means of verifying compliance with the
the application of a stability proof test without the need to determine
lightship particulars, loading conditions, KN data and hydrostatic data.
NOTE: The procedure for undertaking a stability proof test is specified in Subsection
6C.
7.4.2 Application
b) has a measured length less than—
i) 20 m in operational area C, or
ii) 35 m in operational areas D or E;
wheelhouse; and
comprehensive analysis to verify compliance with the damaged stability standards
7.4.3 Prerequisites for application of Chapter 7B criteria
7.4.3.1 General characteristics

Chapter 7B criteria shall only be applied to a vessel that meets the
following assumptions: (also in 7.3.3)
a) The stability characteristics of the vessel over the normal range of
loading conditions do not alter significantly.
b) The waterplane of the vessel does not alter significantly in area or
moment of inertia as the vessel heels. A vessel shall be deemed to
satisfy this requirement if the loss of freeboard to deck or gunwale
remains within the maximum values specified during a stability proof
test.
c) Downflooding of buoyant spaces does not occur at relatively small
angles of heel. A vessel shall be deemed to satisfy this requirement if
the loss of freeboard to downflooding of buoyant spaces remains
within the maximum values specified during a stability proof test.
NOTE: Chapter 7B criteria are based on the assumption that the vessel has a reserve
of stability beyond the angle attained during the stability proof test.


7.4.3.2.1 Minimum freeboard
Vessels that carry passengers within operational area C shall have a
minimum freeboard to the lowest weathertight deck in accordance with
Table 29.
Table 29 — Minimum freeboard prerequisite for application of Chapter

7B criteria for vessels that carry passengers to sea
Minimum freeboard (mm)
Measured length All vessels within application Alternative for vessels that carry
Lm (m) except for specified vessels that passengers not more than 5 nm
carry passengers that are all to sea where the passengers are
divers all divers
Less than 6 m 150 150

150 + (Lm – 6) x 100
6 m to 10 m 150
4
More than 10 m 250 150
7.4.3.2.2 Drainage of water

Vessels that carry passengers within operational area C shall have means
to drain the decks of water, without assistance of propulsive power and
forward motion, see NSCV Part C Section 2.
7.4.4 Testing
7.4.4.1 Loading condition

The conduct of the stability proof test shall comply with the following:
a) The vessel shall be tested in a loading condition representative of
normal trim and most unfavourable vertical centre of gravity (VCG)
likely to occur in normal service (see also Clause 7.4.4.2).
NOTE: The loading condition may include dive bottles and racks, fishing equipment,
stores, and tanks nearly full or nearly empty.
b) Non-return closures on freeing ports or scuppers shall be held in the
open position to allow entry of water on the cockpit or well deck.
c) The stability proof test shall be undertaken with masses representing
any persons distributed to give the maximum height of the centre of
gravity.
d) On vessels having a deck above the freeboard deck that is accessible
to passengers, the total mass of passengers on the upper deck for the
purposes of the stability proof test shall be increased by 33 per cent,
and the total mass of passengers on the main decks reduced by the
same amount.

The vessel shall be tested when in the worst of the following two conditions
of loading for intact stability—
b) a near laden condition, but with all tanks 75 per cent full (to provide
free surface).
NOTE: Either two simplified inclining tests are carried out or the result of a single test
is used to determine by calculation compliance of the second condition by working
through a loading condition and applying hydrostatic data.
7.4.5 Criteria
to satisfy the Chapter 7B criteria.
Table 30 — Chapter 7B criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of

general application in operational areas C, D and E
Criterion
No
The angle of heel shall not exceed s degrees (see Table 4)
All vessels within
7B.1 when the most severe of the individual heeling moments due to
Application Clause
person crowding, wind or turning is applied.
The inclined freeboard(A) when the most severe of the individual
heeling moments due to person crowding, wind or turning is
7B.2a flush decked vessel applied shall not be less than 50 per cent of the minimum
upright freeboard FD measured from the waterline to the deck,
(see Figure 17a)).
well deck vessel
7B.2b applied shall not be less than 50 per cent of the minimum
Operational area C
upright freeboard FD measured from the waterline to the well
deck (see Figure 17b)).
On vessels with scuppers, or with freeing ports fitted with non-
return closures, as an alternative to criterion 7B.2.b, the inclined
well deck vessel freeboard(A) when the most severe of the individual heeling
7B.2c Operational areas D and moments due to person crowding, wind or turning is applied
E shall not be less than 75 per cent of the minimum upright
freeboard FG measured from the waterline to the top of the
gunwale, (see Figure 17c)).
cockpit vessel applied shall not be less than the minimum upright freeboard
7B.2d
Operational area C measured from the waterline to the top of the gunwale FG less
the maximum allowable loss of freeboard δf. The value of δf shall
be calculated by the following formula (see Figure 17d)):
(Continued)

Table 30 (Continued)
Criterion
No
δf < FG (2L – 1.5C)
4L
where
δf = the maximum allowable loss of freeboard, in
cockpit vessel metres
7B.2d
Operational area C FG = the freeboard, in metres, measured from the
waterline to the top of the gunwale when vessel
is upright
L = the measured length of vessel in metres
C = the length of cockpit in metres
The inclined freeboard(A) when the most severe of the
individual heeling moments due to person crowding, wind or
turning is applied shall not be less than the minimum upright
freeboard measured from the waterline to the top of the
gunwale FG less the maximum allowable loss of freeboard δf.
The value of δf shall be calculated by the following formula (see
Figure 17d)):
δf < FG (2L–C)
cockpit vessel 4L
7B.2e Operational areas D and
where
E
δf = the maximum allowable loss of freeboard, in
metres
FG = the freeboard, in metres, measured from the
waterline to the top of the gunwale when vessel is
upright
L = the measured length of vessel in metres
C = the length of cockpit in metres
The inclined freeboard(A) when the most severe of the
individual heeling moments due to person crowding, wind or
7B.2f open vessel turning is applied shall not be less than 75 per cent of the
upright freeboard FG measured from the waterline to the top of
the gunwale (see Figure 17e)).
The inclined freeboard(A) when any of the individual heeling
moments due to person crowding, wind or turning is applied
7B.3 All vessels shall not be less than 75 per cent of the upright freeboard FF
measured from the waterline to the point of downflooding (see
Figure 18).
KEY:
(A) Methods for determining freeboard are provided in Subsection 6C, including adjustments for decked vessels
having a discontinuous sheer.

Figure 17 — Chapter 7B criteria—allowable loss of freeboard

Figure 18 — Chapter 7B criteria—minimum angle to downflooding

7.4.6.1 Heeling moments
The individual heeling moments due to person crowding, wind or turning
specified in Clause 7.4.5 shall be determined in accordance with Table 31.
Table 31 — Standard calculations for Chapter 7B criteria
Parameter Magnitude
MP Annex A
MW Annex B
MT Clause 7.4.6.2
7.4.6.2 Turning moment

The calculation of turning moment specified in Annex C requires a value for
the distance d. Because the location of the VCG is not ascertained as part
of a stability proof test, either the value of d may be determined by
conservative estimate; or alternatively, the angle of outward heel resulting
from turning may be determined by measurement of the vessel while
turning underway at a speed the lesser value, in knots, of the maximum
speed of the vessel or 4 LW L .
When the angle is determined by means of a practical test, the loss of

freeboard may be calculated from the measured angle of heel.
Where the location of the VCG is to be determined by estimate—
a) on decked vessels, the VCG shall be assumed not lower than the deck
level amidships, and
b) on cockpit, well deck or open vessels, the VCG shall be assumed not
lower than the level of the gunwale amidships.

7.5 CHAPTER 7C CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION TO COLLARED VESSELS IN OPERATIONAL
AREAS C, D AND E
7.5.1 Scope
Clause 7.5 provides an alternative simplified method to the Chapter 7B
criteria that are better suited to the hull characteristics of collared vessels.
7.5.2 Application
b) has a measured length less than 12 m;
wheelhouse; and
7.5.3 Prerequisites for application of Chapter 7C criteria
7.5.3.1 General characteristics
Chapter 7C criteria shall only be applied to a vessel that meets the
following assumptions:
b) The waterplane of the vessel does not alter significantly in moment of
inertia as the vessel heels by virtue of the size and location of buoyant
collars. A vessel shall be deemed to satisfy this requirement if the loss
of freeboard to deck or gunwale remains within the maximum values
specified during a stability proof test.
d) The vessel complies with the specific requirements for collared vessels
in Subsection 6B.
NOTE: Chapter 7C criteria are based on the assumption that the vessel has a reserve
of stability beyond the angle attained during the stability proof test and that a reserve
of stability will remain in the event of a chamber of the collar losing its watertight
integrity.
7.5.3.2 Minimum Freeboard

The minimum freeboard of the collared vessel in all normal conditions of
loading shall not be less than—
a) 300 mm measured from the upper surface of the buoyancy collars at
their lowest point; and
b) 250 mm at the lowest part of the transom.
NOTE: For the purposes of establishing compliance with this Clause, drainage socks,
if fitted, may be tied closed.


Vessels carrying passengers in operational area C shall satisfy the
following additional requirements for freeboard in all normal conditions of
loading:
a) The mean freeboard to the main watertight deck when the vessel is at
rest shall not be less than the following value:
Fbd = 0.01 Lm
where
Fbd = the freeboard to the well or cockpit deck, in metres
Lm = the measured length of the collared vessel, in metres
b) The portion of a well deck within the forward half length of the vessel
shall, at all points, have positive freeboard.
c) The immersion (if any) of the lowest point of the well deck or cockpit
deck, excluding a drainage sump, shall not exceed 0.01 Lm.
NOTES:
1. For the purposes of establishing compliance with this Clause, drainage socks, if
fitted, may be tied closed.
2. Negative or low freeboards to the cockpit or well deck may not be conducive to
passenger or crew comfort.
3. Negative freeboard will require mechanical means to achieve the criteria for
drainage of water, seen NSCV Part C Section 2.
7.5.4 Testing
The conduct of the stability proof test shall be as per Clause 7.4.4.
7.5.5 Criteria
A collared vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table 32 shall be
deemed to satisfy the Chapter 7C criteria.
Table 32 — Chapter 7C criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of

general application in operational areas C, D and E for collared
vessels
Criterion
No
The angle of heel shall not exceed s degrees (see Table 4)
All vessels within
7C.1 when the most severe of the individual heeling moments due to
Application Clause
person crowding, wind or turning is applied.
The loss of freeboard δf when the most severe of the individual
collared vessel, well deck
7C.2a or cockpit vessel vessel
applied shall not be more than 25 per cent of the freeboard to
Operational area C
the top of the collar or transom
collared vessel, well deck, The loss of freeboard δf when the most severe of the individual
cockpit vessel or open heeling moments due to person crowding, wind or turning is
7C.2b
vessel vessel applied shall not be more than 50 per cent of the freeboard to
Operational area D or E the top of the collar or transom


Methods of calculation shall be as per Clause 7.4.6.
7.6 CHAPTER 7D CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION TO SPECIFIED SMALL VESSELS IN
OPERATIONAL AREAS D AND E
7.6.1 Scope
intact stability requirements of this Standard by adopting criteria specified in
AS 1799.1 that allow the application of a stability proof test without the
need to determine lightship particulars, loading conditions, KN data and
hydrostatic data.
7.6.2 Application
a) has a measured length less than 7.5 m;
b) operates within operational areas D or E;
c) carries not more than 12 persons;
d) is fitted with enclosed buoyancy in accordance with Subsection 6B;
e) does not have a deck above the freeboard deck or gunwale that is
accessible to persons; and
f) is not engaged in special operations which are required to meet the
comprehensive analysis to verify compliance with the damaged stability criteria
specified in Subsection 6B.
7.6.3 Prerequisites for application of the Chapter 7D criteria
7.6.3.1 Assumptions
The Chapter 7D criteria shall be applied to a vessel that meets the following
assumptions:
satisfy this requirement if the loss of freeboard to deck or gunwale
remains within the maximum values specified during a stability proof
test.
NOTE: The Chapter 7D criteria is based on the assumption that the vessel has a
reserve of stability beyond the angle attained during the stability proof test.

7.6.3.2 Testing
a) The vessel shall be loaded to its maximum capacity based on a
standard person mass of 80 kg plus an allowance of 10 kg per person
for ancillary equipment.
NOTE: The masses specified above differ from the 75 kg per person and allowance for
15 kg per person specified in AS 1799.1.
b) The vessel shall be tested in a loading condition representative of
likely to occur in normal service.
c) Non-return closures on freeing ports or scuppers shall be held in the
d) The stability proof test shall be undertaken with masses distributed to
give a realistic simulation of the VCG when persons are on board.
7.6.4 Criteria
The vessel shall comply with the stability criteria applicable to boats up to
7.5 m operating in protected waters specified in AS 1799.1.
7.7 CHAPTER 7E CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION TO CATAMARAN VESSELS OPERATING IN
OPERATIONAL AREAS D AND E
7.7.1 Scope
Clause 7.7 provides an alternative means of verifying compliance with the
the application of a stability proof test without the need to determine
lightship particulars, loading conditions, KN data and hydrostatic data.
7.7.2 Application
general application specified in Chapter 5 provided the vessel is a
catamaran and—
a) has a measured length less than 20 m;
c) carries not more than 12 persons;
d) is fitted with internal buoyancy or subdivision in accordance with
Subsection 6B;
e) does not have more than one deck above the freeboard deck or
gunwale that is accessible to persons; and
f) is not engaged in special operations which are required to meet the

7.7.3 Prerequisites for application of Chapter 7E criteria
7.7.3.1 Assumptions
Chapter 7E criteria shall be applied to a vessel that meets the following
assumptions:
a) There is no point of downflooding to spaces within the hulls.
satisfy this requirement if the loss of freeboard to the top of the
buoyant portion of hull remains within the maximum values specified
during a stability proof test.
7.7.3.2 Testing
a) The vessel shall be loaded to its maximum capacity based on a
standard person mass of 80 kg plus an allowance of 10 kg per person
for ancillary equipment.
NOTE: The masses specified above differ from the 75 kg per person and allowance for
15 kg per person specified in AS 1799.1.
b) The vessel shall be tested in a loading condition representative of
likely to occur in normal service.
c) Non-return closures on freeing ports or scuppers shall be held in the
d) The stability proof test shall be undertaken with masses distributed to
give a realistic simulation of the VCG when persons are on board.
7.7.3.3 Freeboard resulting from persons crowding

The minimum freeboard shall be determined as follows:
a) With the vessel loaded to maximum capacity and the passengers
evenly distributed throughout the vessel, the freeboard shall be
measured at the lowest point of the deck.
b) With all persons crowded into the worst position with regard to heel
and trim, the resultant minimum freeboard is to be measured.
7.7.4 Criteria
The vessel shall comply with the stability criteria for multihull boats
specified in AS 1799.1.
7.8 CHAPTER 7F CRITERIA—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA OF

GENERAL APPLICATION FOR DUMB BARGES IN OPERATIONAL
AREAS D AND E
7.8.1 Scope
intact stability requirements of this Standard by adopting criteria that are

based on the geometrical characteristics of the vessel without the need to

undertake a physical stability test.
7.8.2 Application
a) is a dumb barge of measured length not exceeding 50 m;
c) has a block coefficient of 0.9 or more;
d) has ratio of vessel beam to vessel depth between 3 and 6;
e) carries not more than 12 persons;
f) is fitted with a weather deck that is watertight; and
g) is not engaged in special operations which are required to meet the
7.8.3 Criteria
to satisfy the Chapter 7F criteria.
Table 33 — Chapter 7F criteria—Alternative simplified criteria of

general application for dumb barges in operational areas D and E
Criterion
No
The ratio beam to depth
The ratio of draft to depth shall be equal
7F.1a is between 3.00 to less
to or less than 0.70
than 3.75
7F.1b is between 3.75 to less
than 4.00
7F.1c is between 4.00 to less
than 4.50
The ratio beam to depth The ratio of draft to depth shall be equal
7F.1d
is between 4.50 to 6.00 to or less than 0.80
The maximum height of deck cargo
All barges within
7F.2 height shall not be greater than the
application
depth of the barge amidships.

CHAPTER 8 SIMPLIFIED CRITERIA FOR VESSELS ENGAGED

IN SPECIAL OPERATIONS
8.1 SCOPE
This Chapter specifies simplified criteria for special operations that may be
substituted—
a) for the relevant additional comprehensive criteria for special operations
contained in Chapter 6; and
b) if specified for the particular criteria, instead of the comprehensive
criteria of general application specified in Chapter 5.
NOTES:
1. Simplified criteria provide alternative means to verify compliance with the deemed-
to-satisfy standard of stability at a reduced cost compared to comprehensive
criteria.
2. Simplified criteria are based upon assumptions and approximations and so are not
suited to vessels that fall outside the parameters of form and/or operation
specified in the application of those criteria.
3. A failure of a vessel to meet simplified criteria does not necessarily mean that the
vessel would fail comprehensive criteria. The vessel can still be assessed against
the comprehensive criteria.
4. There is no benefit to applying simplified intact criteria on vessels that require
specified in Subsection 6B.
8.2 APPLICATION
This Chapter applies to the vessels specified in Table 34, subject to the
applicable limits of application specified for the particular suite of simplified
stability criteria.
Table 34 — Simplified stability criteria for special operations
Type of Area of Limitations on Suite of Applicable

Other conditions
operation operation length criteria clause
Monohulls as per
Ch. 8A 8.3
Vessels that Clause 8.3.2
D, E Less than 15 m
set sail Catamarans as per
Ch. 8B 8.4
Clause 8.4.2
Vessels D, E Less than 50 m As per Clause 8.5.2 Ch. 8C 8.5

engaged in Within proportions as
lifting D, E Less than 50 m Ch.8D 8.6
per Clause 8.6.2
8.3 CHAPTER 8A CRITERION—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERION FOR

MONOHULL SAILING VESSELS IN OPERATIONAL AREAS D AND E
8.3.1 Scope

the use of a stability proof test, without the need to determine K N data and
hydrostatic data.
8.3.2 Application
Clause 8.3 may be applied as an alternative to the sailing criteria in
Chapter 6 provided the vessel—
a) is a monohull sailing vessel;
c) is not intended for the carriage of cargoes;
d) operates within operational areas D or E; and
Clause 8.3 may be applied as an alternative to the criteria of general
application in Chapter 5 as well as the sailing criteria in Chapter 6 provided
the vessel carries not more than 12 persons.
8.3.3 Prerequisites for application of the Chapter 8A criterion
8.3.3.1 Hull configuration

The vessel shall be of conventional yacht configuration having the majority
of ballast located external to the hull within or beneath the level of the keel.
The ballast shall be fixed relative to the vessel.
NOTE: The simplified Category 8A criterion relies on the vessel being of a type that
has a range of stability approaching 90 degrees or more.
8.3.3.2 Ready and rapid handling of sail

The vessel shall be arranged to allow ready and rapid handling of all sails
by the crew over the anticipated range of wind and weather conditions, and
without assistance from other persons on board. Sails shall be arranged so
that they can be effectively and quickly—
a) eased to spill wind in gusting or squall conditions; and
b) reefed and/or furled to avoid excessive heeling moments in high wind
or squall conditions, or in anticipation of such conditions.
8.3.3.3 Auxiliary means of propulsive power
The vessel shall be provided with an auxiliary means of propulsive power
sufficient to control and manoeuvre the vessel when under bare poles.
8.3.3.4 Deck openings

Deck openings on the vessel shall be—
a) fitted with weathertight closures;
b) arranged to minimise the possibility of flooding the hull at large angles
of heel by being located on or near the centre line of the vessel; and
c) arranged to ensure that, apart from air pipes to tanks, no opening
regardless of size which may lead to progressive flooding shall be
immersed at an angle of heel of less than 70 degrees.

8.3.4 Criteria
A vessel under all plain sail without reefing that complies with the
applicable criterion listed in Table 35 shall be deemed to satisfy the
Chapter 8A criterion.
Table 35 — Chapter 8A criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for

monohull vessels that set sail in operational areas D and E
Criterion
No
Vessels of operational
The vessel shall not heel to an angle greater than 25 degrees
area D within the
8A.1a when a wind heeling moment (MW) is applied to the vessel
application of Clause
under full sail with the wind pressure of 60 Pa.
8.3.2
Vessels of operational
The vessel shall not heel to an angle greater than 25 degrees
area E within the
8A.1b when a wind heeling moment (MW) is applied to the vessel
application of Clause
under full sail with the wind pressure of 50 Pa.
8.3.2
NOTES:
1. A pressure of 60 Pa equates to a wind speed of approximately 20 knots.
2. A pressure of 50 Pa equates to a wind speed of approximately 18 knots.
8.3.5.1 Standard tests and calculations

The parameters specified in Clause 8.3.4 shall be determined in
accordance with Table 36.
Table 36 — Standard tests and calculations for the Ch.8A criterion
Parameter Test Magnitude
Heel Subsection 6C As per criteria

Moment Subsection 6C Annex D
The displacement shall represent the vessel in the worst case condition of
loading for intact stability. For the purposes of this Clause, the vessel shall
be tested in a fully laden condition, but with all tanks 75 per cent full (to
provide free surface).
8.4 CHAPTER 8B CRITERION—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERION

FOR CATAMARAN VESSELS THAT CARRY SAIL IN OPERATIONAL
AREAS D AND E
8.4.1 Scope
intact stability requirements of this Standard for catamaran vessels that
carry sail by specifying criteria that dispense with the need for physical
testing, KN data and hydrostatic data.

8.4.2 Application
Clause 8.4 may be applied as an alternative to the sailing criteria in
Chapter 6 provided the vessel—
a) is a catamaran sailing vessel;
c) is not intended for the carriage of cargoes;
d) operates within operational areas D or E; and
e) is not engaged in other special operations which are required to meet
the additional comprehensive criteria specified in Chapter 6, and for
which no simplified alternative is provided in Chapter 8.
Clause 8.4 may be applied as an alternative to the criteria of general
application in Chapter 5 as well as the sailing criteria in Chapter 6 provided
the vessel carries not more than 12 persons.
8.4.3 Criteria
A catamaran sailing vessel under all plain sail without reefing that complies
with the criterion listed in Table 37 shall be deemed to satisfy the Chapter
8B criterion.
Table 37 — Chapter 8B criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for

catamaran sailing vessels in operational areas D and E
Criterion Limits to
Chapter 8B criterion description
No application
The vessel’s stability shall comply with the following equation:
2940  BH
> 47.8 Pa
AH
Vessels within where

8B.1 the application BH = the distance between hull centre lines, in metres
of Clause 8.4.2
A = the profile area subject to wind as defined in Annex D, in
square metres.
H = the mast height above the deck, in metres
 = the fully laden displacement of the vessel, in tonnes
8.5 CHAPTER 8C CRITERION—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERION

FOR VESSELS LIFTING HEAVY LOADS IN OPERATIONAL AREAS D
AND E
8.5.1 Scope
intact stability requirements of this Standard applicable to vessels engaged

in lifting by specifying criteria that permit testing by a a stability proof test

without the need for K N data and hydrostatic data.
8.5.2 Application
Clause 8.5 may be applied as an alternative to the additional
comprehensive lifting criteria in Chapter 6 provided the vessel—
a) operates within operational areas D or E; and
b) has a measured length less than 50 m.
8.5.3 Prerequisites for application of the Chapter 8C criterion

significantly reduce in area or moment of inertia as the vessel heels or trims.
The Chapter 8C criterion shall not be applied to a vessel if, while lifting
longitudinally or transversely, or slewed positions anywhere in between, the
bilge or chines at the opposite end, side or corner of the vessel emerge or
the deck edges immerse.
8.5.4 Criteria
to satisfy the Chapter 8C criterion.
Table 38 — Chapter 8C criterion—Alternative simplified criteria for

vessels lifting heavy loads in operational areas D and E
Criterion
No
The angle of heel h resulting from the worst case combination
of loading condition and heeling moment due to lifting shall not
exceed the lesser of—
Vessels within the a) 5 degrees;
8C.1
application clause
b) the angle corresponding to a loss of half the freeboard to
the deck; or
c) the angle of bilge emersion.
8.5.5 Loading conditions
b) a fully laden condition, but with tanks 75 per cent full (to provide free
surface).

8.5.5.2 Vertical centre of gravity (VCG)

The distribution of mass on the vessel shall be simulated to give the
maximum height of the centre of gravity at the particular condition of
loading including the effect of lifting. The effect on the VCG of lifting may be
superimposed directly during the course of the stability proof test.
8.5.5.3 Moment due to lifting

The moment due to lifting ML shall be simulated by applying a moment of
magnitude in accordance with Annex E. Where the mass being lifted,
height of the lift and/or the lifting lever arm is variable, then the worst case
scenario shall be applied.
NOTE: The worst case scenario may need to be established by trial and error if
necessary.
8.6 CHAPTER 8D CRITERION—ALTERNATIVE SIMPLIFIED CRITERION

A1 FOR DUMB BARGES LIFTING HEAVY LOADS
8.6.1 Scope
intact stability requirements of this Standard applicable to vessels engaged
in lifting by specifying criteria that permit testing by a stability proof test
without the need for K N data and hydrostatic data.
8.6.2 Application
Clause 8.6 may be applied as an alternative to the additional
comprehensive lifting criteria in Chapter 6 provided the vessel—
a) is a dumb barge carrying no more than 12 persons;
c) has a ratio of beam to depth from 3.40 to 4.75;
d) has a ratio of length to beam from 3.20 to 4.50; and
e) has a ratio of deepest fully laden draft to depth of 0.60 to 0.85.
8.6.3 Prerequisites for application of the Chapter 8D criterion

significantly reduce in area or moment of inertia as the vessel heels or trims.
The Chapter 8D criterion shall not be applied to a vessel if, while lifting
longitudinally or transversely, or slewed positions anywhere in between, the
bilge or chines at the opposite end, side or corner of the vessel emerge or
the deck edges immerse.
8.6.4 Criteria
to satisfy the Chapter 8D criterion.

Table 39 — Chapter 8D criterion—Alternative simplified criteria for

dumb barges lifting heavy loads
Criterion
No
Operational areas
8D.1a a) 5 degrees;
A, B or C
b) the angle corresponding to a loss of 50 per cent of the
freeboard to the deck; or
Operational areas
8D.1b a) 5 degrees;
D or E
b) the angle corresponding to a loss of 100 per cent of the
freeboard to the deck; or
8.6.5 Loading conditions
b) a fully laden condition, but with tanks 75 per cent full (to provide free
surface).
8.6.5.2 Vertical centre of gravity (VCG)
The distribution of mass on the vessel shall be simulated to give the
maximum height of the centre of gravity at the particular condition of
loading including the effect of lifting. The effect on the VCG of lifting may be
superimposed directly during the course of the stability proof test.
8.6.6 Moment due to lifting

The moment due to lifting ML shall be simulated by applying a moment of
magnitude in accordance with Annex E. Where the mass being lifted,
height of the lift and/or the lifting lever arm is variable, then the worst case
scenario shall be applied.
NOTE: The worst case scenario may need to be established by trial and error if
necessary.

ANNEX A HEEL DUE TO PERSON CROWDING
A1 SCOPE
This Annex specifies the calculations for determining the heeling moment
and other effects that arise from person crowding for the purposes of
verifying compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
A2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative and applies to all vessels for which a person
crowding moment is required. It is referenced in Clauses 5.3.2, 5.5.3,
7.3.5.1 and 7.4.6.1.
A3 PERSON CROWDING, ITS LEVER AND VCG FOR DIFFERENT

TYPES OF OPERATIONS
A3.1 Minimum assumed mass of persons and their effects

The minimum values for the mass of each person and their effects
assumed for the purposes of determining compliance with the criteria
contained in this Standard shall not be less than the values specified in
Table 40.
Table 40 — Minimum values for mass of persons and their effects
Minimum Minimum Minimum allowance

assumed mass allowance for for additional diving
Person type per person baggage equipment
Kg per person (w) Kg per person Kg per person
Passenger or
80 Nil Nil
crew day only
Passenger or
80 15 Nil
crew overnight
Diver day only 116 Nil 17
Diver overnight 116 15 17
NOTES:
1. The mass of 80 kg in Table 40 represents a mean value for the Australian adult
population as of 2005 including an allowance of 5 kg for clothing and personal
effects.
2. The additional 15 kg for overnight persons is for luggage.
3. The additional 53 kg for divers includes the mass diving suit, flippers, mask, wet
suit, regulator and 2 filled gas bottles. Of the total additional mass, 36 kg is
included in the minimum assumed mass of the diver and the other 17 kg is the
minimum allowance for the second gas bottle as additional diving equipment.
4. Nothing in this Standard precludes adopting a larger assumed mass of persons
and their effects where heavier persons, additional baggage or additional diving
equipment are anticipated, provided that this represents a more onerous condition
of loading.

A3.2 Vertical centre of gravity of persons

The vertical centre of gravity of a standing person shall be 1 m above the
deck. The vertical centre of gravity of a seated person shall be 300 mm
above the seat.
A3.3 Person crowding

The assumed distribution of passengers or crew when crowded shall be
four (4) persons per square metre. Each person in the crowded distribution
shall be considered to occupy a deck area measuring 625 mm x 400 mm.
The assumed distribution of divers when crowded shall be three (3) divers
per square metre. Each diver in the crowded distribution shall be
considered to occupy a deck area measuring 625 mm x 533 mm.
A4 PERSON HEELING MOMENTS

The minimum required persons crowding moment for the purposes of
verifying compliance with the stability criteria shall be determined in
accordance with the following:
a) On vessels of length 6 m or more, the persons crowding moment shall
be calculated taking into account the transverse movement of all
passengers.
b) On vessels of length less than 6 m, the persons crowding moment
shall be calculated taking into account the transverse movement of all
persons on board (passengers and crew).
The persons of mass specified in Table 40 shall be assumed as crowded
(as per Clause A3.3) along one side of the vessel to produce the most
unfavourable combination of person heeling moment and height of the
aggregate centre of gravity of the person mass.
NOTES:
1. Analysis may be required to determine the worst case distribution of crowded
persons, e.g., in some cases persons having a lesser person crowding moment
on a higher deck could still result in a greater heel than the same number of
persons having a greater person crowding moment on a lower deck.
2. The mass of baggage and additional diving equipment need not be included in the
determination of the maximum person crowding moment.
A5 PERSON CROWDING MOMENT CALCULATION

The heeling moment due to persons crowding shall be calculated using the
following formula:
N wb
MP = cos
1000
where
MP = person crowding moment at angle of heel  in tonne-metres
N = for vessels less than 6 m in measured length, the number of
persons on the vessel
= for vessels 6 m and more in measured length, the number of
passengers on the vessel

w = the mass per person in kilograms

b = the distance in metres from the vessel’s centreline to the
transverse centre of gravity of the persons when crowded
 = the transverse angle of heel of the vessel in degrees
The corresponding person crowding heeling lever when the vessel is
inclined at an angle of heel  shall be calculated from the following formula:
MP N wb
HZ P = = cos
 1000 
where
HZP = the heeling lever due to person crowding in metres
 = displacement including the mass of persons and their
effects, in tonnes

ANNEX B HEEL DUE TO WIND
B1 SCOPE
that arises from a beam wind acting on the windage profile of the vessel for
the purposes of verifying compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
B2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative and applies to all vessels for which a wind heeling
moment is required, other than for the purposes of compliance with sailing
criteria. It is referenced in Clauses 5.3.2, 6.3.2, 6.4.2, 7.3.5.1 and 7.4.6.1.
B3 WIND PRESSURE, WINDAGE AREA AND WIND LEVER FOR

DIFFERENT TYPES OF OPERATIONS
B3.1 Wind pressures

The minimum wind pressure to be used in the wind heeling moment
calculation shall be as specified in Table 41.
Table 41 — Wind pressure
Equivalent
Gusting wind Gusting wind
Operational Area average wind
pressure (Pa) speed (knots)
speed (knots)
A&B 600 61 44
C 450 53 38
D 360 47 34
E 300 43 31
B3.2 Vessel windage area and centroid

The windage area and its centroid shall be determined including the
projected profile area of all bulwarks, deck fittings, masts, spars, deck
cargo, safety equipment, seating, cranes, other fixtures mounted on the
vessel, awnings and screens.
Where vessels are fitted with portable side screens or other similar fittings
that add to the profile area, they shall be included in the calculations.
Where deck cargo is carried, the windage area and centroid shall be
determined assuming the deck cargo is a solid mass extending over the
length of the cargo deck and to an assumed height above the deck.
NOTE: Sails may be excluded from the calculation of windage profile under this Annex
where, with sails set, a vessel also complies with the applicable criteria for vessels that
set sails specified in Clauses 6.3, 6.4, 8.3 or 8.4.
B4 HEELING MOMENT CALCULATION

The heeling moment due to a beam wind shall be calculated using the
following formula:

PW AW h
MW = cos
1000 g
where
MW = the wind heeling moment at an angle of heel θ in tonne-
metres
PW = the applicable wind pressure for the vessel’s area of
operation, in Pascals from Table 41
AW = the windage area of the vessel above the design waterline,
in square metres, see Clause B3.2
h = the vertical distance from the centre of area A to the centre
of the lateral underwater area, in metres, see Clause B3.2
The corresponding wind heeling lever when the vessel is inclined at an
angle of heel  shall be calculated from the following formula:
MW PW AW h
HZW = = cos
 1000 g 
where
HZW = the heeling lever due to wind, in metres
 = displacement of the vessel, in tonnes

ANNEX C HEEL DUE TO TURNING
C1 SCOPE
that arises from turning of the vessel for the purposes of verifying
compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
C2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative and applies to all vessels for which a turning
moment is required. It is referenced in Clauses 5.3.2, 5.5.3, 7.3.5.1 and
7.4.6.2.
C3 CALCULATION OF HEELING MOMENT FROM TURNING

The heeling moment resulting from a vessel turning shall be calculated
using the following formula:
0.0053 V 2  h
MT = cos 
LW L
where
MT = the heeling moment of a turning vessel at angle , in tonne-
metres
V = the lesser value, in knots, of—
a) the maximum speed of the vessel, and
b) 4 LW L .
 = the vessel displacement, in tonnes

h = the vertical distance between the vertical centre of gravity of
the vessel (VCG) and the centre of the projected lateral
underwater area, in metres
LWL = the waterline length of the vessel in metres.
The corresponding lever due to turning when the vessel is inclined at an
angle of heel  shall be calculated from the following formula:
MT 0.0053 V 2 h
HZT = = cos 
 LW L
where
HZT = the heeling lever due to turning, in metres

ANNEX D HEEL DUE TO WIND ON A VESSEL UNDER SAIL
D1 SCOPE
This Annex specifies the calculations for determining the wind heeling
moment on a vessel under sail for the purposes of verifying compliance
under the sail criteria.
D2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative. It is referenced in Clauses 6.3.4.3, 6.3.5.3,
6.4.4.3, 8.3.5.1 and 8.4.3.
D3 PROFILE AREA SUBJECT TO WIND

The profile area (AS) subject to wind shall be calculated as per Clause B3.2
for windage area of the hull, superstructures, deck houses and fittings but
with the addition of all plain sails set and trimmed flat, see Figure D.1 a).
Where the total area of the headsails is in excess of the fore triangle area
the 100 per cent fore triangle area and centre may be used in lieu of those
of the individual headsails, see Figure D.1 b), c) and d).
The windage lever (hS), shall be the vertical distance, in metres, from the
centre of the profile area (AS) to the centre of the projected lateral
underwater area, see Figure D.1 a).
D4 HEELING MOMENT CALCULATION

The heeling moment due to a beam wind shall be calculated using the
following formula:
PS AS hS
MW = cos1.3 
1000 g
where
MW = the wind heeling moment at an angle of heel θ in tonne-
metres
PS = the applicable wind pressure determined from the relevant
sailing criteria, in Pascals
AS = the lateral profile area of the vessel above the design
waterline, in square metres
hS = the vertical distance from the centre of area AS to the centre
of the projected lateral underwater area, in metres
 = the transverse angle of heel of the vessel, in degrees
NOTE: Annex D is inaccurate for sailing catamarans operating at large angles of heel
because it makes no allowance for the added windage area of the bridging deck as the
windward hull emerges.

Figure D.1— Determination of windage area and windage lever for

vessels that set sail

ANNEX E CALCULATIONS FOR THE HEELING EFFECT OF

LIFTING
E1 SCOPE
and other effects that arise from lifting for the purposes of verifying
compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
E2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative and applies to operations involving lifting. It is
referenced in Clauses 6.5.4.3, 6.5.6.3, 6.7.3.3 and 8.5.
EXAMPLES:
Lifting cargo, catch or other heavy masses using a crane, derrick or
boom
Lifting the cod end on trawlers, purse seiners and other fishing vessels
that utilise large nets
Lifting anchors over the stern of an offshore supply vessel
Salvage operations
Attempting a recovery of a snagged net
E3 LOAD, ITS LEVER AND VCG FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIFTING

OPERATIONS
For the purposes of undertaking calculations as to the effects of lifting on
the stability of a vessel, the values specified in Table 42 shall apply.
Table 42 — Values of load, its lever and VCG for different types of
lifting operations
Lifting Magnitude of
Value of transverse distance Vertical height of load
operation vertical pull
Crane or cod Maximum

Transverse distance between
end lift allowed static Point of attachment of
top block and the vessel centre
(including hook load at a the top block to the
line in the upright position (see
derrick or given outreach crane (see Figure E.1)
Figure E.1)
sheerlegs) of crane
Top of fixed sheave or
point of contact on fixed sheave
Anchor handling Stalled winch roller or point of
or roller and the vessel centre
or salvage load attachment of block (see
line in the upright position (see
Figure E.2)
Figure E.2)
Snagged fishing Point of attachment of
Stalled winch quarter block and the vessel
gear recovery quarter block (see
load centre line in the upright
(1) Figure E.3)
position (see Figure E.3)
KEY:
(1) Significant risk of capsize will result if an attempt is made to retrieve snagged fishing gear
by using the trawl winch to haul the trawl warp via the block on a side boom (see Figure
G.1). The heeling moment will be significantly reduced by leading the trawl warp through a
quarter block close to the vessel’s side (see Figure E.3), or over the stern before applying

high line pull.
E4 LOADING CONDITION CALCULATION

Loading conditions for the vessel when lifting shall take into account—
a) the magnitude of the vertical component of the load lifted in the total
displacement of the vessel; and
b) the vertical height of the load lifted when determining the VCG of the
vessel.
E5 HEELING MOMENT CALCULATION

The heeling moment due to lifting shall be calculated using the following
formula:
ML = PL y cos 
where
ML = the heeling moment due to lifting at an angle of heel θ in
tonne-metres.
PL = the vertical pull of the load; in tonnes
y = the transverse distance of the line of action of the load from
the vessel’s centre line in the upright condition; in metres
(see Table 42)
The corresponding heeling lever when the vessel is inclined at an angle of
heel  shall be calculated from the following formula:
ML PL y
HZL = = cos
 + PL  + PL
where
HZL = the heeling lever due to lifting in metres
 = displacement excluding the lifting load, in tonnes

Figure E.1— Heeling effect of lifting by crane
Figure E.2— Heeling effect of lifting over a roller

Figure E.3— Heeling effect of lifting snagged fishing gear
E6 WORST CASE SCENARIOS

The combinations of loading and heeling moment used to verify compliance
against the relevant criteria in this Standard shall represent the worst case
scenario. Where there is uncertainty as to what represents the worst case
scenario of lifting, multiple combinations of loading and heeling shall be
analysed.
EXAMPLE:
The worst case scenario for a crane might occur when carrying rated
maximum crane load at maximum transverse outreach or when carrying
rated maximum crane load at maximum elevation or at some other
combination of rated maximum crane load, elevation and outreach.

ANNEX F HEEL DUE TO TOWING
F1 SCOPE
and other effects that can arise when a vessel is engaged in towing, for the
purposes of verifying compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
This Annex is referenced in Clause 6.6.3.3 of this Subsection.
F2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative for vessels that engage in towing operations where
the displacement of the towed vessel exceeds twice the displacement of
the towing vessel.
F3 HEELING MOMENT CALCULATION

The minimum required towrope heeling moment shall be calculated using
the following formula:
MT = PBP x [ADcos( + ) – ACsin( + )]
where
MT = the tow rope heeling moment at an angle of heel θ in
tonne-metres
PBP = the maximum bollard pull of the towing vessel; in tonnes
AD = the vertical distance between the centre of lateral
resistance of the immersed hull profile and the point of
attachment of the tow rope when the vessel is in the
upright condition, in metres (see Figure F.1 and Figure
F.2)
AC = The horizontal distance between the point of attachment of
the tow rope and the vessel’s centre line, in metres (see
Figure F.1 and Figure F.2).
NOTE: This distance is normally taken as the radius of the towing
quadrant.

 = the angle of the tow line above the horizontal, in degrees
= 0 degrees if operational area A, B or C; see Figure F.2
= 30 degrees if operational area D or E; see Figure F.1
MT AD cos( +  ) − AC sin( +  )
HZT = = PBP 
 
where
HZT = The tow rope heeling lever, in metres


NOTE: The above formula neglects the reduction in displacement due to the vertical
component of PBP.
Figure F.1—Typical towing vessel with towing winch— α = 30° for

determining tow rope heeling lever in sheltered waters (vessel shown
upright)
Figure F.2—Typical towing vessel with tow hook— α = 0°for

determining tow rope heeling lever at sea (vessel shown inclined at an
angle θ degrees)
F4 LOADING CONDITION CALCULATION

Loading conditions for the vessel when towing need not take into account
the effect of the vertical pull when determining the displacement and VCG
of the vessel.

ANNEX G CALCULATIONS FOR THE HEELING EFFECT OF A

TRAWL NET SNAGGING
G1 SCOPE
and other effects that arise when a trawl net snags for the purposes of
verifying compliance under the relevant stability criteria.
G2 APPLICATION
This Annex is normative for vessels that engage in trawling operations. It is
referenced in Clause 6.7.3.3.
G3 SNAGGED NET LOAD, ITS LEVER AND VCG

For the purposes of undertaking calculations as to the effects of a snagged
net on the stability of a vessel, the values specified in Table 43 shall apply.
Table 43 — Values of load, its lever and VCG for different types of
lifting operations
Magnitude of vertical pull Value of transverse distance Vertical height of load
Vertical component of the least value

The point of attachment of
of—
Transverse distance between the block at the head of the
1. the breaking load of the weakest link the block at the head of the trawl wire to the boom,
in the trawl wire; or trawl wire and the vessel’s gantry or other structural
centre line (see Figure G.1) component of the vessel.
2. the breaking load of the connection (see Figure G.1)
of the trawl wire to the trawl net
G4 DEPTH AND SCOPE OF TRAWL

For the purposes of verifying the stability characteristics when engaged in
trawling, the vertical component of the net snagging load shall be
determined assuming the ratio of depth to scope of trawl is not less than
one to four (corresponding to an angle Φ of 14.5 degrees), see Figure G.2.
NOTE: The vertical component could exceed this value on a vessel trawling to greater
depths. It is the responsibility of the operator to verify the stability remains acceptable if
the vessel is to operate with a larger ratio of depth to scope of trawl.
G5 LOADING CONDITION CALCULATION

Loading conditions for the vessel when lifting shall include—
a) the magnitude of the vertical pull arising from the net snagging in the
total displacement of the vessel; and
b) the vertical height of the load when determining KG of the vessel.
G6 HEELING MOMENT CALCULATION

The minimum heeling moment due to a snagged net shall be calculated
using the following formula:
MSN = (PB sin Φ) ( y cos )

where
MSN = the heeling moment due to the snagged net at an angle of
heel θ, in tonne-metres
PB = the breaking load of the weakest link in the trawl wire or its
connection to the trawl net, in tonnes
y = the transverse distance of the line of action of the trawl wire
from the vessel’s centreline in the upright condition, in
metres (see Figure G.1)
Φ = the greater value of—
 Trawl depth 
Arc sin   or 14.5°
 Trawl scope 

M SN PB sin  y
HZ SN = = cos 
 + PB sin   + PB sin
where
HZSN = the heeling lever due to a snagged net in metres
Figure G.1—Heeling effect of a snagged net on a vessel engaged in

trawling

Figure G.2—Twin rig trawler showing minimum angle for determining

trawl net snagging load

ANNEX H CALCULATIONS FOR SEVERE WIND AND ROLLING

CRITERIA (WEATHER CRITERIA)
H1 SCOPE
This Annex specifies the calculations for the severe wind and rolling criteria
applicable to power vessels. It forms a normative part of this Subsection.
This Annex is referenced in Clause 5.4.2 of this Subsection.
Legend
θh = the equilibrium angle of heel when subject to steady wind in degrees
θ1 = the angle of roll to windward due to wave action in degrees
θ = the angle of downflooding (θf) or 50 degrees or θ3, whichever is less in
degrees
θ3 = the second intercept between the wind heeling lever (lw2) and righting
lever (GFZ) curve in degrees
Figure H.1— Severe wind and rolling analysis
H2 SEVERE WIND AND ROLLING SCENARIO

The severe wind and rolling criteria investigate the vessel’s capacity to
withstand the combined effects of severe wind and rolling that are
described in the following, with reference to Figure H.1:
a) The vessel is initially subjected to a steady wind pressure acting
perpendicular to the vessel’s centre line which results in a steady wind
heeling lever (HZ1).
b) From the resultant equilibrium angle of heel (θh), the vessel is assumed
to roll due to wave action to an angle of roll (θ1) to windward.

c) The vessel is then subjected to a gust wind pressure which results in a

gust wind heeling lever (HZ2).
d) The vessel’s motion to windward takes it beyond the equilibrium value
of heel until the energy represented by the area beneath the HZ2 line is
balanced by the work needed to heel the vessel beyond equilibrium
represented by the area above the HZ2 line.
H3 CRITERIA
A vessel that complies with the criteria listed in Table H.1 over the range of
normal loading conditions shall be deemed to satisfy the severe wind and
rolling criteria.
Table H.1 — Severe wind and rolling criteria
Limits to
Criterion No Annex H criterion description
application
The angle of heel h resulting from the application of a
steady wind heeling lever HZ1 shall not exceed the lesser of:
All vessels within
Annex H.1 a) the angle corresponding to 80 per cent of the angle of
application
deck edge immersion; or
b) 16 degrees.
All vessels within Referring to Figure H.1, Area b shall be equal to or greater
Annex H.2
application than Area a.
H4 METHODS OF CALCULATION
H4.1 Wind heeling levers

The wind heeling levers (HZ1) and (HZ2) referred to in Clause H3 are
constant values at all angles of heel and shall be calculated as follows:
PW AW h
HZ1 =
1000 g 
HZ 2 = 1.5 HZ 1
where
HZ1 = the wind heel lever due to steady wind in metres
HZ2 = the wind heel lever due to wind gusting in metres
PW = a wind pressure of 504 Pa
AW = The projected lateral area of the portion of the vessel and
deck cargo above the waterline in square metres
h = the vertical distance from the centre of AW to the centre of the
underwater lateral area or alternatively to a point at one half
the mean draft in metres
 = the displacement in tonnes

H4.2 Angle of roll
A1 H4.2.1 Monohull Vessels

The angle of roll (θ1) referred to in Clause H2 and Figure H.1 shall be:
1 = 109 k X 1 X 2 r s degrees
where
X1 = a factor as specified in Table H.2
X2 = a factor as specified in Table H.3
k = a factor:
where
k = 1.0 for a round bilge vessel having no bilge or bar keels
k = 0.7 for a vessel having sharp bilges
k = as specified in Table H.4 for a vessel having bilge keels, a
bar keel or both.
OG
r = 0.73 + 0.6
d
where
OG = the distance between the centre of gravity and the
waterline, in metres
NOTE: The value of OG shall be positive if the centre of gravity is
above the waterline, and negative if the centre of gravity is below the
waterline
d = the mean moulded draft of the vessel, in metres

s = a factor as specified in Table H.5
Table H.2 – Values for factor X1 Table H.3 – Values of factor X2
Block Coefficient
B/d X1 X2
CB
 2.4 1.00  0.45 0.75
2.5 0.98 0.50 0.82

2.6 0.96 0.55 0.89
2.7 0.95 0.60 0.95
2.8 0.93 0.65 0.97
2.9 0.91  0.70 1.00
3.0 0.90
3.1 0.88
3.2 0.86
3.4 0.82
 3.5 0.80

Table H.4 – Values of factor k Table H.5 – Values of factor s
100 Ak Rolling period

k s
LB T
0 1.0 6 0.100
1.0 0.98 7 0.098
1.5 0.95 8 0.093
2.0 0.88 12 0.065
2.5 0.79 14 0.053
3.0 0.74 16 0.044
3.5 0.72 18 0.038
 4.0 0.70 20 0.035
NOTE: Intermediate values in Table H.2 to Table H.5 shall be obtained by linear
interpolation
Where
L = the length of the vessel at the waterline in metres
B = the moulded breadth of the vessel in metres
d = the mean moulded draft of the vessel in metres
AK = the total overall area of bilge keels, or area of the lateral
projection of the bar keel, or the sum of these areas, in square
metres
T = the rolling period in seconds
2C B
= GF M 0
where
B  L 
C = 0.373 + 0.023  d  − 0.043  100 
   
GFM0 = The metacentric height corrected for free surface
effect in metres
H4.2.2 Multihull Vessels

A1 The angle of roll (θ1) referred to in Clause H2 and Figure H.1, whether
determined from Model Test or other data, or in their absence shall be
taken as 15 degrees.

ANNEX J CALCULATION AND EVALUATION OF CHAPTER 6A

CRITERIA APPLICABLE TO MONOHULL VESSELS
THAT SET SAILS
J1 SCOPE
This Annex specifies the method of verifying the adequacy of the vessel's
righting lever (GFZ) curve as related to the sail area. It forms a normative
part of this document.
J2 PLOTTING THE RIGHTING LEVER (GF Z) CURVE

The righting lever (GFZ) curve for the vessel shall be plotted for each
operating condition up to an angle of heel of—
a) 90 degrees, if the angle of vanishing positive stability is equal to or less
than 90 degrees; or
b) the angle of vanishing positive stability, if that angle exceeds 90
degrees but is less than 120 degrees; or
c) 120 degrees, if the angle of vanishing positive stability exceeds 120
degrees.
If the angle of heel at which the maximum righting lever (GFZ) occurs is less
than 35 degrees, then the curve shall be truncated so that the maximum
value of GFZ is no more than the value at 35 degrees, as shown in Figure J.1
Figure J.1— Truncation of GFZ Curve at 35 degrees
J3 ASSUMED WIND HEELING LEVER

The wind heeling lever curve shall be calculated as follows:
HZ = HZ cos1.3 
where
HZ = the heeling lever at zero degrees angle of heel in metres
θ = the angle of heel in degrees

HZθ = the heeling lever in metres at θ degrees angle of heel in

metres
J4 HEELING LEVER TO DECK EDGE IMMERSION

The heeling lever (HZA) to achieve static balance at the deck edge immersion
angle DE shall be calculated by the following formula, see also Figure J.2.
HZ D
HZ A =
cos1.3 D
where
HZA = the heeling lever at zero degrees angle of heel in metres
HZD = the heeling lever at angle of deck edge immersion in metres
= GFZD
D = the angle of heel to deck edge immersion in degrees
Figure J.2— Heeling lever curve set to intersect the GFZ curve at deck
edge immersion
J5 DYNAMIC BALANCE TO DOWNFLOODING

The heeling lever (HZB) to achieve dynamic balance to the downflooding
angle shall be calculated by equating the Area B + Area C under the
righting lever (GFZ) curve to the Area A + Area C under the heeling lever
(HZθ) curve, see Figure J.3. Both are calculated to the downflooding angle
or 60 degrees whichever is the lesser.
As shown in Figure J.3, for Area A + Area C to be equal to Area B + Area C
the heeling lever shall be determined from the following formula:
Af
A1 HZ B =
− 0.00003  − 0.0025  B2 + 1.042  B
3
B
where
HZB = the heeling lever in metres

Af = the area under the righting lever (GFZ) curve to the angle θB
in metre-degrees
= Area B + Area C
B = the angle of downflooding f or 60 degrees, whichever is
less.
Figure J.3— Heeling lever curve set to balance areas to the

downflooding angle θB
J6 DYNAMIC BALANCE TO CAPSIZE ON VESSELS THAT HAVE A

RANGE OF STABILITY OF 90 DEGREES OR MORE
The heeling lever (HZC) to achieve dynamic balance throughout the range
of stability shall be calculated by equating the area under the righting lever
curve (GFZ) Area E + Area F to the area under the heeling lever (HZC) curve
Area D + Area F, see Figure J.4. The areas are to be calculated to the
angle of vanishing positive stability but not greater than 120 degrees.
For Area E + Area F to be equal to Area D + Area F the heeling lever shall
be determined from the following formula:
AC
A1 HZ B =
− 0.00003  − 0.0025 V2 + 1.042 V
3
V
where
HZC = the heeling lever in metres
AC = the area under the righting lever (GFZ) curve to the angle θV
in metre-degrees
= Area E + Area F
V = the angle of vanishing positive stability but not less than 90
degrees or greater than 120 degrees

Figure J.4 — Heeling lever curve set to balance areas to capsize for
vessels having an angle of vanishing stability 90 degrees or more
J7 DYNAMIC BALANCE TO CAPSIZE ON VESSELS THAT HAVE A

RANGE OF STABILITY OF LESS THAN 90 DEGREES
Where the angle of vanishing positive stability is less than 90 degrees, a
safety margin (Area G and Area H) shall be included to reduce the
likelihood of heel angles approaching those of capsize. The heeling lever
HZC for dynamic balance shall be calculated using the formula specified in
Clause J6 except that the the value of angle θV shall be taken to be 90
degrees and the value of AC (the area under the righting lever (GFZ) curve
to the angle θV) shall be reduced by the Area G in Figure J.5; i.e. .
AC = Area E + Area F − Area G
Figure J.5—Heeling lever curve set to balance areas to capsize for

vessels having an angle of vanishing stability less than 90 degrees

ANNEX K CHAPTER 6B CRITERIA—DERIVATION OF THE

MAXIMUM STEADY HEEL ANGLE TO PREVENT
DOWN FLOODING IN GUSTING WINDS
K1 SCOPE
This Annex provides the method of calculation for the derivation of the
maximum steady heel angle h to prevent downflooding in gusts. It forms a
normative part of this document.
Figure K.1— Method for determining the maximum steady angle of

heel in average winds to avoid downflooding in gusts
K2 METHOD
The maximum steady heel angle h to prevent downflooding in gusts shall
be calculated using the steps illustrated in Figure K.1. The heeling levers
due to an actual wind gust HZ1 and the mean wind HZ2 shall be calculated
using the following formulas:
GF Z f
HZ1 =
cos1.3 f
HZ 2 = 0.5 HZ1 cos1.3
where
HZ1 = the actual wind heeling lever at 0 degrees which would cause the
vessel to heel to the downflooding angle f or 60 degrees
whichever is least.

GFZf = the righting lever derived from the vessel’s GFZ curve at the
downflooding angle f or 60 degrees whichever is least
f = the downflooding angle in degrees
HZ2 the corresponding average wind heeling lever at any angle  in
=
degrees
 = the heel angle in degrees
K3 DOWNFLOODING ANGLE
The downflooding angle f may be determined as the point at which
openings having an aggregate area calculated in accordance with the
following formula are immersed:

Af =
1500
where
Af = the area of openings immersed; in square metres
Δ = the vessel displacement; in tonnes
The following shall be taken into account when establishing the
downflooding angle θf:
a) All openings regularly used for crew access and for ventilation shall be
considered.
b) The angle shall be determined at the point at which the lower edge of
the actual opening that results in critical flooding becomes immersed.

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National Standard

This compilation was prepared by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority

© Australian Maritime Safety Authority 2022

The Australian Maritime Safety Authority encourages the dissemination

July 2018 Page 2 Edition 1.3

July 2018 Page 3 Edition 1.3

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3.8 Criteria for maximum allowable angle of heel due to heeling

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6.5.5 Chapter 6E criteria—Alternative additional comprehensive

July 2018 Page 6 Edition 1.3

8.3 Chapter 8A criterion—Alternative simplified criterion for monohull

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1.3 OBJECTIVES OF NSCV PART C SECTION 6

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF SUBSECTIONS 6A AND 6C

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d) To provide uniform procedures for undertaking tests and calculations

1.5 USE OF NSCV PART C SUBSECTION C6A OF THE NATIONAL

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Figure 1 — Guidance for determining applicable intact stability criteria

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1.6 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

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Figure 2 — Difference between cockpit and well deck vessels

comprehensive stability criteria—

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Figure 3 — Downflooding angle

draft at amidships (T) —

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flush decked vessel—

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simplified stability criteria—

simplified stability test methods—

well deck vessel—

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1.8 BASIC CONCEPTS AND SYMBOLS

A P = aft perpendicular, meaning the point of intersection of the design

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MT = the moment from the effect of turn at angle of heel θ in tonne-

Figure 5 — Explanation of symbols

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Figure 6 — Typical righting lever (GFZ) curve

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CHAPTER 2 INTACT STABILITY OUTCOMES AND

2.2 CONDITIONS OF LOADING TO BE SAFE

2.3 VESSEL TO BE CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING THE EFFECT OF

2.4 STABILITY OF A VESSEL TO BE ESTABLISHED AND VERIFIED

2.5 STABILITY ANALYSIS TO BE APPROPRIATE

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2.6 STABILITY ANALYSIS TO BE SUFFICIENTLY ACCURATE

2.8 ASSESSMENT METHODS

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CHAPTER 3 DETERMINING THE APPLICABLE INTACT

3.3 TYPES OF STABILITY CRITERIA

3.4 MULTIPURPOSE VESSELS

3.5 DEEMED-TO-SATISFY CRITERIA