Heights and Distances Top 500 Question Bank For Jee Main: Mathematics Mathongo

Heights
and Distances Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main

Mathematics MathonGo
Q1. From the top of a light house 60 meters high with its base at the sea level, (2) 56
the angle of depression of a boat 15 . If the distance of the boat from the foot of
∘
(3) 25
the light house (in meters) is k(2 + √3), then find k. (4) None of these
Q2. A bird is perched on the top of a tree 20 m high and its elevation from a Q7. If P Q be a vertical tower subtending angles α, β and γ at the points A, B
point on the ground is 45 . It flies off horizontally straight away from the
∘
and C , respectively on the line in the horizontal plane through the foot Q of
observer and in one second the elevation of the bird is reduced to 30 . The ∘
tower and on the same side of it, then BC cot α − CA cot β + AB cot γ is
speed of the bird is - equal to
(1) 14.64 m/s (1) 0
(2) 17. 71 m/s (2) 1

(3) 12 m/s (3) 2
(4) None of these (4) None of these
Q3. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point 20m away from Q8. A house of height 100 m subtends a right angle at the window of an
its base is 45 . Then find the height of the tower.
∘
opposite house. If the height of the window be 64 m, then the distance between
the two houses is
Q4. ABC is a triangular park with AB = AC = 100 metres. A vertical tower is
(1) 48 m
situated at the mid-point of BC. If the angles of elevation of the top of the tower
(2) 36 m
at, A and B are cot −1
(3√2) and cosec −1
(2√2) respectively, then the height of
(3) 54 m
the tower (in metres) is
(4) 72 m
(1) 100
3√3
(2) 20 Q9. If a flagstaff subtends equal angles at the points A, B, C and D on the
(3) 25 horizontal ground through the foot of flagstaff, then the points A, B, C and D
(4) 10√5 necessarily form a

(1) Rectangle
Q5. The length of the shadow of a pole inclined at 10 to the vertical towards ∘
(2) Parallelogram
the sun is 2.05 metres, when the elevation of the sun is 38 . The length of the ∘
(3) Square
pole is
∘ (4) None of these
(1)
2.05 sin 38
∘
sin 42
∘
(2)
2.05 sin 42
∘
Q10. Consider a triangular plot ABC with sides AB = 7m, BC = 5m and
sin 38
(3) 2.05 cos 38

∘
CA = 6m. A vertical lamp-post at the mid-point D of AC subtends an angle
cos 42
(4) None of these 30

∘
at B. The height (in m ) of the lamp-post is:
(1) 2√21
Q6. There are two stations A, B due north, due south of a tower of height 15 m.
(2) 2
√21
The angle of depression of A and B as seen from top of the tower are 3
(3) 3
√21
, then the distance between A and B is

−1 12 −1 3 2
cot , sin
5 5
(4) 7√3
(1) 48
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Heights
Answer Key
Q1 (60.00) Q2 (1) Q3 (20.00) Q4 (2)
Q5 (1) Q6 (2) Q7 (1) Q8 (1)
Q9 (4) Q10 (2)
Heights
Q1.
We have, AB = 60 m & Angle of depression = 15°
BC x
∴ tan 45° = =
AC 20
AB 60 x
∴ tan 15° = ⇒ 2 − √3 = ⇒ 1 = ⇒ x = 20 m
BC x 20
60 2+√3
⇒ x = ⋅ = 60(2 + √3)m
2−√3 2+√3
Q4.
∴ k = 60
Q2.
Let the bird be perched at B, the top of the tree BD and O be the observer.
then, ∠BOD = 45° and BD = 20 m.

Now, the bird flying horizontally reaches M in 1 s.
Let AD = y & DE = h (Tower)

2 2 2
∴ y = 100 − x
Now cot θ = 3√2

Then, ∠M ON = 30°, where, M N ⊥ ON 1 h
⇒ tan θ = =
y
3√2
Now, BD = M N = 20 m
⇒ y = 3√2h
From triangle BOD.
2 2 2 2
⇒ y = 100 − x = 18h …(1)
tan 45° = BD
OD
=
OD
20
1 h
⇒ tan ∅ = =
√7 x
⇒ OD = 20 m
⇒ x = h√7 …(2)
Now, from ΔM ON
MN
Form (1) & (2) 100 2
− 7h
2
= 18h
2
tan 30° =
ON 2 2
⇒ 25h = 100 ⇒ h = 20
20
=
20+DN
sin ( SP O )
⇒
1
=
20
Q5. sin 38°
l
=
2.05
√3 20+DN
⇒ 20 + DN = 20√3
⇒ DN = 20(√3 − 1)
= 20 x 0. 732
= 14. 64 m
Now,
Speed =
distance
time
sin ( 180°−38°−90°−10° )
.
2.05 sin 38°
= BM
1
=
DN
1
=
2.05
⇒ l =
sin 42°
= 14. 64 m/s
Q3.
We have, AC = 20 m, θ = 45°
Draw the diagram,
Heights
⇒ d = 64 cot θ (1)
( 100−64 )
In ΔCDE, tan (90° − θ)=
d
⇒ d = 36 tan θ …(2)
From Equations (1) and (2), we get

2
d = 36 × 64 ⇒ d = 48 m
Q9. Let P Q be the vertical tower, having Q as its foot. We have,
Q6.
AQ = BQ = CQ = DQ , which implies that the points A, B, C and D are
Given cot α = 12
5 concylic having Q as its centre.

and sin β = 3
Q10.
Now, d = 15(cot α + cot β)
12 4
= 15( + )
5 5
= 56
Q7.
Let h be the height of the tower, then
h = AQ tan α = BQ tan β = CQ tan γ
The length of the median BD is given by

1 2
BD = √2(BC 2 + BA2 )−(AC)
2
1
⇒ BD = √2(25 + 49)−36
2
1
⇒ BD = √112
⇒ BC = BQ − CQ = h(cot β − cot γ) , 2
4√7
⇒ BD = = 2√7 m.
CA = h(cot α − cot γ) 2
Now, let DT be the tower of height h m and it subtends ∠T BD = 30° at the

and AB = h(cot α − cot β)
vertex B.
Now, BC cot α − CA cot β + AB cot γ

= h[cot α (cot β − cot γ)− cot β (cot α − cot γ)+ cot γ (cot α − cot β)]
= 0
Q8. In ΔDAB, tan θ =

64
Then, in ΔT DB we have tan(∠T BD)= TD
BD
h
⇒ tan 30° =
2√7
1 h
⇒ =
√3 2√7
7
⇒ h = 2√
3
2
⇒ h = √21 m.
3
Inverse
Trigonometric Functions Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. Find the value of tan (1)

1 1 −π 2
−1 −1 −1
(− ) + cot ( ) + tan [sin( )]
√3 √3 2
3√5
(1) − π
12
(2) 2
(2) + π
12
(3) 1
√5
(3) − π
15
(4) 4
√5
(4) + π
10
Q9. If cos −1
λ + cos
−1
μ + cos
−1
ν = 3π then λμ + μν + νλ is equal to.
Q2. The value of sin −1
sin 17 + cos
−1
cos 10 is equal to (1) −3
(1) 27 (2) 0
(2) −27 (3) 3
(3) 17 − 5π (4) −1
(4) 9π − 27
Q10. The number of real solution of
Q3. The value of tan
−1
√x(x + 1) + sin
−1
√x 2 + x + 1 =
π
, is
2
sin
−1
[cot(sin
−1
√(
2−√3
) + cos
−1
√12
+ sec
−1
√2)] is (1) 0
4 4
(2) 1
(1) 0
(3) 2
(2) π/4
(4) ∞
(3) π/6
(4) π/2 Q11. For the equation cos −1
x + cos
−1
2x + π = 0 , then the number of
real solutions is
Q4. If sin −1
sin 17 + cos
−1
cos 27 + tan
−1
tan 37 is equal to k − λπ,
(1) 1
then the value of k + λ is
(2) 2
Q5. The set of all the values of x satisfying the inequality
(3) 0
2
(cot
−1
x) − 7 (cot
−1
x) + 10 > 0 is
(4) ∞
(1) (−∞, cot 5) ∪ (cot 4, cot 2)
Q12. 2π − (sin −1 4
+ sin
−1 5
+ sin
−1 16
) is equal to :
(2) (cot 5, cot 4) 5 13 65
(3) (−∞, cot 5) ∪ (cot 2, ∞) (1) π
(4) (cot 2, ∞) (2) 5π
(3) 3π
Q6. The value of x for which sin[cot −1

(1 + x)] = cos(tan
−1
x)
(4) 7π
(1) 1
2
y
(2) 1 Q13. If cos −1

x − cos
−1
2
= α , then 4x 2
− 4xy cos α + y
2
is equal to
(3) 0 (1) 4
(4) − 1 (2) 2 sin 2α

2
2
(3) −4 sin 2
α
Q7. If 3 sin , then the value

−1 2x −1 1−x −1 2x π
− 4 cos + 2 tan =
1+x
2
1+x
2
1−x
2 3
(4) 4 sin 2
α
of x lying in (− 1
,
1
) is
√2 √2
Q14. Evaluate cot(∑

19 −1 n
cot (1 + ∑ 2p))
(1) 1
2
n=1 p=1
(2) 1 (1) 21
19
√3
√3 (2) 19
(3) 2
21
√3 (3) 23
(4) − 2
22
(4) 22
23
Q8. The value of tan{cos −1

(−
2
7
) −
π
2
} is
Inverse
Q15. Sum of series of (2) π
cot
−1 5
+ cot
−1 9
+ cot
−1 15
+ cot
−1 23
+ …… is equal to (3) π
6
√3 √3 √3 √3
(1) π
(4) π
12
4
Inverse
Answer Key
Q1 (1) Q2 (4) Q3 (1) Q4 (62.00)
Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (2) Q8 (1)
Q9 (3) Q10 (3) Q11 (3) Q12 (3)
Q13 (4) Q14 (1) Q15 (2)
Inverse
Q1. tan
1 1 −π
−1 −1 −1
(− )+cot ( )+tan [sin ( )]
√3 √3 2
= tan
−1
(−
1
)+cot
−1
(
1
)+tan
−1
(−sin
π
2
)
√3 √3
[∵ sin (−θ)= −sin θ]
[∵ tan
−π π π
−1 −1 −1
= + − tan (sin ) (−x)= −tan x]
6 3 2
=
π
6
− tan
−1
(1)=
π
6
−
π
4
= −
π
12
.
Q2. sin −1
sin 17 = sin
−1
sin(17 − 5π + 5π)
= 5π − 17
−1 −1
cos (cos 10)= cos cos(10 − 3π + 3π)
−1
= cos cos{3π +(10 − 3π)}
−1
= cos {− cos(10 − 3π)}
1
sinθ =
−1 2 2
√ ( x+1 ) +1
= π − cos cos(10 − 3π)
= π −(10 − 3π)= 4π − 10
Hence, sin −1
sin 17 + cos
−1
(cos 10)= 9π − 27
Q3.
Given
−1 −1 2−√3 √12
−1 −1
sin [cot(sin √( ) + cos + sec √2)]
4 4
√3−1 √3
−1 −1 −1 −1 1
= sin [cot{sin ( )+ cos ( )+ cos ( )}]
2
2√2 √2
−1
= sin [cot(15° + 30° + 45°)]
= sin
−1
{cot(90°)}= sin
−1
0 = 0 . cosϕ =
1
√1+x2
2 2
Q4. ⇒ 1 + x = 1 + (x + 1)
Let E = sin
−1
sin 17 + cos
−1
cos 27 + tan
−1
tan 37
⇒ x = ±(x + 1)
Since, sin −1
sin 17 = 5π − 17 cos , −1
cos 27 = 27 − 8π
⇒ x = −x − 1,x = −
2
and tan −1
tan 37 = 37 − 15π
Q7. 3 sin −1 2x
− 4 cos
−1

1−x
2
+ 2 tan
−1

2x
=
π
2 2 2 3
1+x 1+x 1−x
Now, E = 5π − 17 + 27 − 8π + 37 − 15π
On putting x = tan θ, we get
2
⇒ E = 47 − 18π −1 2 tan θ −1
1−tan θ
−1 2 tan θ
3 sin ( )−4 cos ( )+2 tan ( )
2 2 2
1+tan θ 1+tan θ 1−tan θ
Therefore, k = 47, λ = 18 π
=
3
Hence, k + λ = 18 + 47 = 62
−1 −1 −1 π
Q5. ⇒ 3 sin (sin 2θ) − 4 cos (cos 2θ)+2 tan (tan 2θ) =
3
2 π
We have, (cot −1
x) − 7(cot
−1
x)+10 > 0 ⇒ 3(2θ)−4(2θ)+2(2θ)=
3
π
−1 −1
⇒(cot x − 5)(cot x − 2)> 0 ⇒ 6θ − 8θ + 4θ =
3
π π

−1 −1
⇒ cot x ∈(−∞, 2)∪(5, ∞) . . .(1) ⇒ θ = ⇒ tan x =
6 6
π 1
But, cot −1
x ∈(0, π) . . .(2) ⇒ x = tan
6
⇒ x =
√3
Taking intersection of (1) and (2) we get,

Q8.
⇒ cot
−1
x ∈(0,2)
Let E = tan{cos
−1
(−
2
7
)−
π
2
}
⇒ x ∈(cot 2, ∞) 2 π
−1
= tan{π − cos ( )− }
7 2
Q6. = tan{
π
− cos
−1
(
2
)}
2 7
Inverse
−1 2 2 2 2
= tan {sin ( )} ⇒ 2x + 1 = √1 − 4x √1 − x
7
2
2 2 2 2
⎛ ⎞ ⇒ (2x + 1) =(1 − 4x )(1 − x )
Since, sin −1
(
2
7
)= tan
−1
⎜
7
2
⎟
2 2 2 2
2
⎝ √1− ( ⎠ ⇒ 4x + 4x + 1 = 4x − 6x + 1
)
7
2
Now, E = tan{tan
−1
(
2
)}
⇒ 10x = 0
3√5
2 ⇒ x = 0
=
3√5
which is not satisfy given equation, so equation has no solution.

Q9.
Q12.
Given equation:
−1 4 −1 5 −1 16
−1 −1 −1
sin + sin + sin
cos λ + cos μ + cos γ = 3π 5 13 65
−1 4 −1 5 −1 16
= tan + tan + tan
As. range of cos −1
x is [0, π] 3 12 63
4 5
+
−1 −1 −1 −1 3 12
−1 16
⇒ cos λ = π; cos μ = π ; cos γ = π = tan ( )+ tan
4 5 63
1− ⋅
Only possible solution of given equation

3 12
−1 63 −1 16 π
= tan + tan =
16 63 2
⇒ λ = cos π = −1
π 3π
∴ 2π − =
2 2
⇒ μ = cos π = −1
⇒ γ = cos π = −1
Q13.
Value of equation Given,

y
λμ + μγ + γλ =(−1 × −1)+(−1 × −1)+(−1 × −1)

cos
−1
(x)−cos
−1
(
2
)= α . . .(i)
y
= 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
let A=cos −1
(x), B= cos
−1
(
2
)
⇒ λμ + μγ + γλ = 3 ⇒ cos A = x, cos B = 2
. . .(ii)
Hence solved Using equation (i) ⇒ A − B = α

⇒ cos(A − B)= cos α
Q10.
⇒ cosA cos B + sin A sin B = cos α
For √x(x + 1) to be defined x(x + 1)≥ 0 . . .(i) 2
xy y
⇒ + √ 1 − x √1 −
2
= cos α Using equation (ii)
Also, for sin −1
x, we know that x ∈[−1, 1] 2
2
4
2
xy y
2
⇒ (cosα − ) =(1 − x )(1 − )
⇒ x 2
+ x + 1 ≤ 1 2 4
2 2 2 2 2
x y y x y
2 2
2 ⇒ cos α + − xy cos α = 1 − − x +
⇒ x + x ≤ 0 . . .(ii) 4 4 4
2
y
2 2
⇒ + x − xy cos α = 1 − cos α
From (i) and (ii), we get 4
2
y
2 2
⇒ x + − xy cos α = sin α
x(x + 1)= 0 4
⇒ x = 0, −1
⇒ 4x
2
− 4xy cos α + y
2
= 4sin α
2
.
When x = 0, Q14. cot ∑

19
(cot
−1
(1 + ∑
n
2p))
n=1 p=1
−1 −1 π
L. H . S. = tan 0 + sin 1 = 19 −1 1
2 = cot ∑ tan ( )
n=1 1+n ( n+1 )
And, when x = −1, 19 −1 n+1−n

= cot ∑ tan ( )
n=1 1+n ( n+1 )
−1 −1
L. H . S. = tan 0 + sin √1 − 1 + 1 19 −1 −1
= co t ∑ (tan (n + 1)−tan (n))
n=1
−1 π
= 0 + sin (1)=
2 −1 −1
= cot(tan 20 − tan 1)
Thus, the number of solutions are 2. 1

=
−1 −1
tan(tan 20−tan 1)
Q11. =
1
=
21
20−1 19
1+(20).1
We have, cos −1
x + cos
−1
2x + π = 0
⇒ cos
−1
x + cos
−1
2x = −π
Q15.
−1 5 −1 9 −1 15 −1 23
−1 2 2 cot + cot + cot + cot +. . . . . ∞
⇒ cos (x. 2x − √1 − 4x √1 − x )= −π √3 √3 √3 √3
2 2
⇒ x. 2x − √1 − 4x √1 − x = −1
Inverse
2 1 3 2
− −
√3 √3 √3 √3
−1 −1
= tan ( )+tan ( )+. . . . . +. . . .
2 1 3 2
1+ × 1+ ×
√3 √3 √3 √3
n+1 n
−
√3 √3
−1
+tan ( )+. . . . .
n+1 n
1+ ×
√3 √3
2 −1 1 −1 3 −1 2
=(tan − tan )+(tan − tan )
√3 √3 √3 √3
−1 4 −1 3 −1 n+1 −1 n
+(tan − tan )+..... +(tan − tan )
√3 √3 √3 √3
−1 n+1 −1 1
⇒ Sn = tan − tan
√3 √3
π π π
S∞ = − =
2 6 3
Trigonometric
Equations Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. The general solution of the equation tan 2θ ⋅ tan θ = 1 for n ∈ Z is (3) 5
(1) (2n + 1) π
4
(4) 6
(2) (2n + 1) π
6
Q6. Let k be sum of all x in the interval [0, 2π] such that
(3) (2n + 1) π
2
3 cot
2
x + 8 cot x + 3 = 0 , then the value of k
π
is
(4) 1
1
(2n + 1)
π
3
|x|
Q7. Find total number of solutions of sin x = 10
.
−π
Q2. Number of values of x ∈ (−π, 3π) − { 2
, 0,
π
2
, π,
3π
2
, 2π,
5π
2
} satisfying
the equation tan x cot x

= 2 − cot x tan
x
is/are Q8. If 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π, then the number of real values of x satisfying the equation
2 2
2 2
81
sin x
+ 81
cos x
= 30 is
Q3. The acute angle x, satisfying the equation
sin x − 3 sin 2x + sin 3x = cos x − 3 cos 2x + cos 3x is π
, then find the value Q9. The number of solutions of the equation
n
of 'n'? cot x cos x − 1 = cot x − cos x, ∀x ∈ [0, 2π] is equal to
Q4. The number of solutions of the equation tan 2

x − sec
10
x + 1 = 0 for Q10. The solution set of x ∈ (−π, π) for the inequality
x ∈ (0, 20) is equal to sin 2x + 1 ≤ cos x + 2 sin x is
(1) x ∈ [0, π
6
]
Q5. The number of solutions of equation, sin 5x cos 3x = sin 6x cos 2x, in the
(2) x ∈ [ π
6
,
5π
6
] ∪ {0}
interval [0, π] are

(3) x ∈ [− π
6
,
5π
6
]
(1) 3
(4) x ∈ [− π
,
π
]
(2) 4
2 2
Trigonometric
Answer Key
Q1 (2) Q2 (0) Q3 (8) Q4 (6)
Q5 (3) Q6 (1.50) Q7 (6.00) Q8 (8.00)
Q9 (2) Q10 (2)
Trigonometric
Q1. Given, tan 2θ = 1
tan θ
⇒ x ={π, 2π, 3π, 4π, 5π, 6π}∈(0,20)
⇒ tan 2θ = tan(
π
2
− θ) So, the required number of roots = 6
π
⇒ 2θ = nπ + − θ
2
Q5.
π
⇒ θ = (2n + 1)
6
Given,
Q2.
sin 5x cos 3x = sin 6x cos 2x
x x
tan x cot + tan cot x = 2
2 2
The given equation can be written as
Let tan x cot x
2
= t
2 sin 5x cos 3x = 2 sin 6x cos 2x
1
⇒ t + = 2
t ⇒ sin 8x + sin 2x = sin 8x + sin 4x;
2
⇒ (t − 1) = 0 [∵ 2 sin A cos B = sin(A + B)+ sin(A − B)]
⇒ t = 1
⇒ sin 2x − sin 4x = 0
x ⇒ −2 sin x cos 3x = 0,
⇒ tan x cot = 1
x
⇒ sin x cos
x
= cos x sin
x Hence, sin x = 0 or cos 3x = 0.
2 2
⇒ sin(
x
)= 0
x = nπ(n ∈ I ) or 3x = kπ + π
2
(k ∈ I )
2
⇒
x
= 0, π as x
∈(
−π
,
3π
)
Therefore, since x ∈[0, π], the given equation is satisfied,
2 2 2 2
x = 0, π,
π
,
π
or 5π
. Hence number of solutions are 5.
⇒ x = 0, 2π both are not possible. 6 2 6
Q3. Q6.
We have,
We have 2
3 cot x + 8 cot x + 3 = 0
sin x − 3 sin 2x + sin 3x = cos x − 3 cos 2x + cos 3x −4±√7

∴ cot x =
3
⇒ sin x + sin 3x − 3 sin 2x = cos x + cos 3x − 3 cos 2x

Both roots are negative.
C+D C−D
⎧ ∴ sin C + sin D = 2 sin( )cos( ) ⎫
⎪ ⎪ π
2 2
∴ < x1 , x2 < π
⎨ ⎬ 2
C+D C−D
⎩ ∴ cos C + cos D = 2 cos(
⎪ ⎭
)⎪
2
)cos(
2 ∴ π < x1 + x2 < 2π .
x+3x x−3x x+3x x−3x
⇒ 2 sin(
2
)cos(
2
)−3 sin 2x = 2 cos(
2
)cos(
2
) Product of roots = cot x 1 cot x2
−3 cos 2x
= 1
⇒ 2 sin(2x)cos(−x)−3 sin 2x = 2 cos(2x)cos(−x)−3 cos 2x 1
⇒ cot x1 =
cot x2
⇒ 2 sin(2x)cos(x)−3 sin 2x = 2 cos(2x)cos(x)−3 cos 2x

⇒ cot x1 = tan x2
⇒ 2 sin(2x)cos(x)−3 sin 2x − 2 cos(2x)cos(x)+3 cos 2x = 0 3π

⇒ tan( − x1 )= tan x2
2
⇒ 2 cos x(sin 2x − cos 2x) − 3(sin 2x − cos 2x) = 0

3π
⇒ − x1 = x2
2
⇒ (sin 2x − cos 2x)(2 cos x − 3) = 0

3π
⇒ x1 + x2 =
2
⇒ 2 cos x − 3 = 0 & sin 2x − cos 2x = 0 3π

⇒ k =
2
k 3
⇒ cos x =
3
2
which is not possible ascos x ∈[−1, 1] & ⇒
π
=
2
= 1. 50
tan 2x = 1
Q7.
−1
⇒ 2x = tan (1)
Let y = sin x . . .(1)
π
⇒ 2x = λπ + ; λ ∈ I |x|
4
y = . . .(2)
10
λπ π
⇒ x = + ; λ ∈ I
2 8
So the solution is n = 8.
Q4. sec 2
x − sec
10
x = 0
2 8
sec x(1 − sec x)= 0
8
1 − sec x = 0 as sec 2
x ≥ 1
8 8
⇒ sec x = 1 ⇒ cos x = 1 ⇒ cosx = ±1
⇒ x = nπ, ∀n ∈ I
six solution.
Trigonometric
Q8. Q9.
2
Let 81 sin x
= t , cot x ⋅ cos x − cot x +(cos x − 1)= 0
2 2
then, 81 cos x
= 81
1−sin x
=
81
t
⇒(cot x + 1)(cos x − 1)= 0
So, the given equation is t + 81
t
= 30 ⇒ cot x = −1 or cos x = 1 (Not possible as sin x ≠ 0)
2
t – 30t + 81 = 0 ⇒ t = 3 or 27 Hence, 2 solutions are possible in [0, 2π]
2
81
sin x
= 3 or 27
2
Q10. 2 sin x cos x + 1 − cos x − 2 sin x ≤ 0
⇒ 3
4sin x
= 3
1
or 3 3
(2 sin x − 1)(cos x − 1)≤ 0

√3
⇒ sin
2
x =
1
or 3
⇒ sin x = ±
1
,±
4 4 2 2
Case I: cos x = 1 ⇒ x = 0
Case II: otherwise cos x < 1

1
⇒ 2 sin x − 1 ≥ 0 ⇒ sin x ≥
2
π 5π
⇒ x ∈[ , ]
6 6
Hence, there are 8 solutions between 0 and 2π.

Hence, from case I and case II,
π 5π
x ∈[ , ]∪{0}
6 6
Trigonometric
Ratios & Identities Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
√3−1
Q1. If θ lies in the second quadrant and 3 tan θ + 4 = 0, then the value of (1)
4√2
2 cot θ − 5 cos θ + sin θ is 6

then find k. (2)
√3−1
k
8√2
√3+1
(3)
Q2. If cos h(2x) = 199, then cot hx = 4√2
√3+1
(1) 5 (4)
8√2
3√11
(2) 5
Q7. If tan α + 2 tan 2α + 4 tan 4α = cot α − n cot nα then value of n is

6√11
(3) 7
3√11
Q8. A triangular park is enclosed on two sides by a fence and on the third side by a
(4) 10
3√11
straight river bank. The two sides having fence are of same length x. The
Q3. cos 40 ∘
cos 80
∘
cos 160
∘
= maximum area enclosed by the park is:
(1)
−1
2
(1) 3
2
x
2
(2)
−1 3
4
(2) √ x
(3)
−1
8
(3) πx 2
(4)
−1
16
(4) 1
2
x
2
Q4. If cosh(x) = 5
4
, then cosh(3x) = Q9. The value of
(1)
61
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
cos(−89 ) + cos(−87 ) + cos(−85) + ⋯ + cos(85 ) + cos(87 ) + cos(89 ) =
16
(2) 63
16
(1) cosec 1 ∘
(3) 65
16
(2) sec 1 ∘
(4)
61
63
(3) 2 sec 1 ∘
(4) 2 cosec 1 ∘
Q5. The value of cot 70 ∘

+ 4 cos 70
∘
is
(1) 1
Q10. The value of cos π
cos
2π
cos
4π
… cos
32π
is
√3 65 65 65 65
(2) √3 (1) 1
32
(3) 2√3 (2) 1
64
(4) 1
2
(3) − 1
32
(4) − 1
Q6. The value of cos 65 ∘

cos 55
∘
cos 5
∘
=
64
Trigonometric
Answer Key
Q1 (2.3) Q2 (4) Q3 (3) Q4 (3)
Q5 (2) Q6 (4) Q7 (8) Q8 (4)
Q9 (1) Q10 (2)
Trigonometric
Q1. cot 70° + 4 cos 70°
−4 cos 70°+4 sin 70°⋅cos 70°

3 tan θ + 4 = 0 ⇒ tan θ = =
3 sin 70°
Using 2 sin A cos A = sin 2A, we get

cos 70°+2 sin 140°
=
sin 70°
cos ( 90°−70° ) +2 sin ( 180°−40° )

=
sin 70°
Using, cos(90° − θ)= sin θ, sin(180° − θ)= sin θ, we get

sin 20°+2 sin 40°
=
sin 70°
sin 20°+sin 40°+sin 40°

=
sin 70°
Now, using sin C + sin D = 2 sin( we get

C+D C−D
)cos( ),
2 2
cot θ = −3/4 2 sin 30° cos 10°+sin 40°

=
sin 70°
1
cos θ = −3/5 2× ( ) × cos ( 90°−10° ) + sin 40°
2
=
sin 70°
sin θ = 4/5
Again, using cos(90° − θ)= sin θ, we get

= 2 cot θ − 5 cos θ + sin θ
sin 80°+sin 40°
=
23 sin 70°
= 2(−3/4) − 5(−3/5) + 4/5 =
10
Again, using sin C + sin D = 2 sin( we get
C+D C−D
)cos( ),
2 2
Q2. =
2 sin 60° cos 20°
sin 70°
Given, cos h2x = 199

√3
2× ( ) × cos ( 90−70° )
2
2x −2x =
Now,cos h2x =
e +e
sin 70°
2
√3⋅sin 70°
e
2x
+e
−2x = = √3.
sin 70°
⇒ = 199
2
⇒ e
2x
+ e
−2x
= 398 Q6.
x −x
Now, cot hx =
e +e
x −x
Given that
e −e
2 2 2
(a + b) = a + b + 2ab
cos 65° cos 55° cos 5°

x −x 2 2x −2x x −x
⇒ (e + e ) = e + e + 2e e
∵ 2 cos A cos B = cos(A + B)+ cos(A − B)

x −x 2
⇒ (e + e ) = 398 + 2 = 400
cos 60°+cos 50°
∴ ( )cos 65°
x −x 2
⇒(e + e )= √400 = 20
cos 65° 2 cos 50° cos 65°
⇒ +
2 4 4
2 2
(a − b) = a + b − 2ab
x −x 2 2x −2x x −x
Again using the same formula, we get
⇒ (e − e ) = e + e − 2e e
cos 65° cos 115°+cos 15°
⇒ +
x −x 2 4 4
⇒ (e − e ) = 398 − 2 = 396
Now using cos C + cos D = 2 cos ( , We get

C+D C−D
)cos( )
x −x 2 2
⇒(e − e )= √396 = 6√11
2 cos 90° cos 25°+cos 15°
x −x ⇒
Therefore, cot hx =
e +e 20 10
4
= =
x −x
e −e 6√11 3√11 √3+1
⇒
cos 15°
4
= ; (cos 90° = 0)
8√2
Q3.
cos(60 − 20)⋅ cos(60 + 20)⋅ cos(160)
Q7.
2
Consider cot α − tan α =
1−tan α
cos 20° = 2 cot 2α . . .(1)
= × cos °(60 − 20)× cos(60 + 20)° × cos(160)° tan α
cos 20°
Given relation can be written as

Now using cos θ ⋅ cos(60° − θ)⋅ cos(60° + θ)= 1
4
cos 3θ
1
( 180−20 ) ° n cot nα = cot α − tan α − 2 tan 2α − 4 tan 4α
= cos 60° × cos
4 cos 20°
1 1 cos 20 = 2 cot(2α)−2 tan 2α − 4 tan 4α

⇒ × ×(− )
4 2 cos 20
1
= 2(2 cot 4α)−4 tan 4α
= −
8
= 4[cot 4α − tan 4α]
Q4.
= 4(2 cot 8α)
Given, that cosh(x)=
5
4 = 8 cot(8α)
and we know that

∴ n = 8
3
cosh(3x)= 4 cos h(x)−3 cosh(x)
5
3
5 65
Q8.
⇒ cosh(3x)= 4( ) − 3( )=
4 4 16
65
⇒ cosh(3x)=
16
Q5.
Trigonometric
AT = x sin α and BT = x cos α.
Area of triangle ABC= 1
2
× base × height
1
= (2BT)(AT)
2
1 2 1 2
= (2x cos α sin α)= x sin2α
2 2
2 2 2
Now, −1 ≤ sin2α ≤ 1 ⇒
−x x sin 2α x
≤ ≤
2 2 2
∴ Maximum area of ΔABC = 1
2
x
2
Q9.
Given:
cos(−89°)+ cos(−87°)+ cos(−85°)+ ⋯ + cos(85°)+ cos(87°)
+ cos 89°
= 2(cos 1° + cos 3° + cos 5° + ⋯ + cos 89°)
(as cos(−x) = cos x)
Using result of sum of

nd
sin ( )
n−1 2
( 2a+(n − 1)⋅d )
∑ cos(a + kd)= cos( )
k=0 d
2
sin ( )
2
sin ( 45° ) 1°+89°

= 2 {cos( )}
sin ( 1° ) 2
2 sin 45° cos 45°

=
sin 1°
sin 90°
=
sin 1°
= cosec 1°
Q10. cos π 2π 32π π 2π 2 π

cos … cos = cos . cos … cos
65 65 65 65 65 65
6
2 π 65π
sin sin
65 65
= π
= π
6
2 sin 64 sin
65 65
π
sin ( π− )
65 1
= π
=
64 sin 64
65
Trigonometric

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Heights

and Distances Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main

(2) 17. 71 m/s (2) 1

(4) 10√5 necessarily form a

(3) 2.05 cos 38

(4) None of these 30

, then the distance between A and B is

Q5 (1) Q6 (2) Q7 (1) Q8 (1)

Q9 (4) Q10 (2)

then, ∠BOD = 45° and BD = 20 m.

Let AD = y & DE = h (Tower)

Now cot θ = 3√2

Draw the diagram,

⇒ d = 36 tan θ …(2)

From Equations (1) and (2), we get

5 concylic having Q as its centre.

The length of the median BD is given by

Now, let DT be the tower of height h m and it subtends ∠T BD = 30° at the

Q8. In ΔDAB, tan θ =

Then, in ΔT DB we have tan(∠T BD)= TD

Q1. Find the value of tan (1)

(3) (−∞, cot 5) ∪ (cot 2, ∞) (1) π

(4) (cot 2, ∞) (2) 5π

Q6. The value of x for which sin[cot −1

(2) 1 Q13. If cos −1

(4) − 1 (2) 2 sin 2α

Q7. If 3 sin , then the value

Q14. Evaluate cot(∑

Q8. The value of tan{cos −1

Q15. Sum of series of (2) π

Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (2) Q8 (1)

Q9 (3) Q10 (3) Q11 (3) Q12 (3)

Q13 (4) Q14 (1) Q15 (2)

Taking intersection of (1) and (2) we get,

which is not satisfy given equation, so equation has no solution.

Only possible solution of given equation

Value of equation Given,

λμ + μγ + γλ =(−1 × −1)+(−1 × −1)+(−1 × −1)

Hence solved Using equation (i) ⇒ A − B = α

When x = 0, Q14. cot ∑

And, when x = −1, 19 −1 n+1−n

Thus, the number of solutions are 2. 1

the equation tan x cot x

of 'n'? cot x cos x − 1 = cot x − cos x, ∀x ∈ [0, 2π] is equal to

Q4. The number of solutions of the equation tan 2

x ∈ (0, 20) is equal to sin 2x + 1 ≤ cos x + 2 sin x is

interval [0, π] are

Q5 (3) Q6 (1.50) Q7 (6.00) Q8 (8.00)

Q9 (2) Q10 (2)

Q1. Given, tan 2θ = 1

sin x − 3 sin 2x + sin 3x = cos x − 3 cos 2x + cos 3x −4±√7

⇒ sin x + sin 3x − 3 sin 2x = cos x + cos 3x − 3 cos 2x

⇒ 2 sin(2x)cos(x)−3 sin 2x = 2 cos(2x)cos(x)−3 cos 2x

⇒ 2 sin(2x)cos(x)−3 sin 2x − 2 cos(2x)cos(x)+3 cos 2x = 0 3π

⇒ 2 cos x(sin 2x − cos 2x) − 3(sin 2x − cos 2x) = 0

⇒ (sin 2x − cos 2x)(2 cos x − 3) = 0

⇒ 2 cos x − 3 = 0 & sin 2x − cos 2x = 0 3π

So the solution is n = 8.

So, the given equation is t + 81