MULTIPLE CHOICE

A) Linear acoustic wave

1. Assume the helium-neon lasers

B) Elastic waves
commonly used in student
C) Surface waves
physics laboratories have power
outputs of 0.500 mW. If such a
5. There are two types of surface
laser beam is projected onto a
waves below, except
circular spot 1.00 mm in
A) Elastic waves
diameter, what is its intensity?
A) 18W/m2
B) Rayleigh waves
B) 218W/m2
C) Love waves
C) 318W/m2
4
P P
2.50 10 W
one is not the main wave
I= = 2=
=3186.W Which
/m2
A r (500 104 m)2
in earth quakes?
(C)
2. Which of these is true for a
photon?
A) All wavelengths of light have
zero photon energy.
B) Shorter wavelengths of light
are
photons
with higher
energy.
C) Shorter wavelengths of light
are photons with lower energy.
3. Which of the following statements
is true about light when it is
absorbed or emitted?
A) Light behaves as a wave and
is emitted but not absorbed in tiny
packets called
photons.
B) Light behaves both as a
wave and as a particle and is
emitted and absorbed in tiny
packets called photons.

A) Seismic wave
B) Surface wave
C) Body wave
7. The tools used to measure the
magnitude of an electrical wave
called.....
(A) Clammeter
(B) Potensiometer
(C) Oscilloscope
8. Which of the following is not a
characteristic
of
mechanical
waves?
(A) They consist of disturbances
or oscillations of a medium.
(B) They transport energy.
(C) They travel in a direction
that is at right angles to the
direction of the particles of the
medium.

C) Light behaves neither as a

wave nor as a particle and is
emitted and absorbed
in tiny
packets called photons.

9. A sound wave is a mechanical

wave, not an electromagnetic
wave. This means that

4. Which wave propagation that can

be seen as a superpotition of
spherical traveling waves?

(A) a medium is required in

order for sound waves to
transport energy.

(B) a sound wave transports its

energy through a vacuum
(C) particles of the medium
regularly and repeatedly oscillate
about their rest
position.
10. What is the amplitude of the
wave in the diagram below?

(C) spherical wave

15. If the hole is similar in size to the
wavelength of the wave, _____
occurs.
(A) diffraction
(B) refraction
(C) interference
16. Which of these following are true
about the type of surface waves?

a. 0.03 m.

b. 0.04
c. 0.06 m.

m.

11. The wavelength of the wave in

the diagram above (Question
#10) is ____ m.
a. 0.030

b.
c. 0.080

0.040

12. How many complete waves are

shown in the diagram?

(A) Mechanical waves

electromagnetic waves

and

(B) Transverse waves

longitudinal waves

and

(C) Rayleigh waves and love

waves
17. Which of these sentence is true?
(A) body waves arrive before
the surface waves emitted by
an earthquake.
(B) S wave is faster than a P
wave and can move through solid
rock and liquid medium.

a. 1

b. 3

c. 1.5

13. In Oscilloscope, the button which

used to show frequency, period,
etc is.
(A) Utility

(C) Travelling only through the

crust, surface waves are of a
higher frequency than body
waves.
18. What is the study of earthquakes
and seismic waves that move
through and around the earth. Fill
the blank with the correct answer.

(B) Measure

(A) Wave Propagation

(C) Auto

(B) Seismology

14. The wave which consists of body

wave and surface wave is
(A) seismic wave
(B) acoustic wave

(C) Meteorology
19. A pendulum bob is pulled back to
position A and released from rest.
The bob swings through its usual
circular arc and is caught at

position C. Determine the where

the potential energy is the
greatest?
a.
A : The potential energy
is the greatest at A. The
potential energy is the greatest
at the highest position.
b.

c.

20. Which would have the highest

frequency of vibration?
Pendulum A: A 200-g mass
attached to a 1.0-m length string
Pendulum B: A 400-g mass
attached to a 0.5-m length string
a. Pendulum A
b. Pendulum B : The mass of
the bob is not an important
variable; only the length of
the string will effect the
period
(and
thus
the
frequency). Frequency and
period are inversely related.
The pendulum with the
smallest period will have
the highest frequency of
vibration.
A
longer
pendulum has a higher
period; a shorter pendulum
will have a smaller period.
Thus, the pendulum with
the shorter string will have
a higher frequency of
vibration.
c. All the same

21. Which one of the following

statements
expresses
the
characteristic of P wave?
a. Longitudinal wave
b. It
shake
the
ground
perpendicular to the direction
in which they are propagating
c. P wave do not travel through
liquid (i.e. water, molten rock,
the Earth's outer core)
22. What term describes a change in
the speed of an object in circular
motion?
a. Tangential speed
b. Centripetal acceleration
c. Tangential acceleration
23. When an astronaut in orbit
experiences
apparent
weightlessness,
a. No forces act on the
astronaut.
b. No gravitational forces act on
the astronaut.
c. The net gravitational force
on the astronaut is not
balanced by a normal force.
24. The equation for the speed of an
object in circular orbit is . What
does m represent in this
equation?
a. The mass of the central
object
b. The mass of Earth
c. The mass of sun
25. A
periodic
and
repeating
disturbance in a lake creates
waves which emanate outward
from its source to produce
circular wave patterns. If the
frequency of the source is 2.00
Hz and the wave speed is
5.00m/s then the distance
between adjacent wave crests is
___ meter.
a.0.200
b. 1.25
c. 2.50

Let w=wavelength; then v = w.f.

In this problem, it is given that
v=5.00 m/s and f = 2.00 Hz.
Substitution and algebra yields
w = v / f = 5.00 / 2.00 = 2.50 m.
26. When the particles of a medium
are vibrating at right angles to the
direction of energy transport, then
the wave is a ____ wave.
a. Longitudinal
b. Standing
c. Transverse
In transverse waves, particles
of the medium vibrate to and
from
in
a
direction
perpendicular to the direction
of energy transport.
27. A pendulum makes exactly 40
vibrations in 20.0 s. Its period is
____. (Be cautious of the units.)
a. 0.500 Hz. b. 0.500 s
c.
2.00 s.
The period is the time for one
complete
cycle.
If
the
pendulum takes 20 seconds for
exactly 40 vibrational cycles,
then it must take 0.500 second
for one cycle.
28. Giant waves are caused by :
a. Seismic
(earthquake&volcanic) activity
b. Storm surges
c. Both a & b
29. Wind velocity, wind duration,
fetch, and original sea state
influence :
a. The variety of waves
b. The size of waves
c. Both a&b
30. As waves enter shallow water , it
will be :
a. Height increase
b. Wavelength increase
c. Both a&b
31. The main factor which affects the
speed of a sound wave is the
____.

a. Amplitude of the sound wave

b. Properties of the medium :
The speed of a wave is
dependent
upon
the
properties of the medium
and not the properties of
the wave.
c. Intensity of the sound wave
32. An earth-based receiver is
detecting electromagnetic waves
from a source in outer space. If
the frequency of the waves are
observed to be increasing, then
the distance between the source
and the earth is probably ____.
a. Decreasing : The Doppler
effect or Doppler shift
occurs when a source of
waves is moving with
respect to an observer. The
observer
observes
a
different
frequency
of
waves than that emitted by
the source. If the source
and
observer
are
approaching,
then
the
observed
frequency
is
higher than the emitted
frequency. If the source and
observer are approaching,
then the distance between
them is decreasing.
b. Increasing
c. Remaining the same
33. Which one of the advantages of
the microwaves?
a.
Can
reach
longer
distances and be transmitted in
space
b.
Do not spread out much
so minimal energy is wasted :
The
advantages
of
the
microwaves are do not spread
out much so minimal energy is
wasted; high frequency so
more
information
is

transmitted; and possible to

send more than one signal at
once.
c.
Travels in a straight line so
require line-of-sight transmission
34. When sound travels through air,
the air particles ......
a. Vibrate along the direction
of wave propagation
b. Vibrate but not in any fixed
direction
c. Vibrate perpendicular to the
direction of wave propagation
35. Which of the following is not a
characteristic of a musical
sound?
a. Pitch
b. Wavelenght
c. Quality
36. Light wave are....
a. Longitudinal
b. Transverse
c. Like sound wave
37. All electromagnetic waves travel
through a vacuum at
a. the same speed.
b. speeds that are proportional
to their frequency.
c.
speeds that are inversely
proportional to their frequency.
d. None of the above.
38. Electromagnetic waves are
a. longitudinal.
b. transverse.
c.
both longitudinal and
transverse.
d. None of the above.
39. The E and B fields in
electromagnetic
waves
are
oriented
a.
parallel to the wave's
direction of travel, as well as to
each other.
b. parallel to the waves direction
of travel, and perpendicular to
each other.

c. perpendicular to the wave's

direction of travel, and parallel to
each other.
d. perpendicular to the wave's
direction of travel, and also to
each other.
40. An electromagnetic wave is
radiated by a straight wire
antenna that is oriented vertically.
What should be the orientation of
a straight wire receiving antenna?
It should be placed
a. vertically.
b. horizontally and in a direction
parallel to the wave's direction of
motion.
c. horizontally and in a direction
perpendicular to the wave's
direction of motion.
d. None of the above.
41. An electromagnetic wave is
traveling to the east. At one
instant at a given point its E
vector points straight up. What is
the direction of its B vector?
a. north
b. down
c.. east
d. south
42. Which of the following correctly
lists electromagnetic waves in
order from longest to shortest
wavelength?
a.
gamma rays, ultraviolet,
infrared, microwaves
b.
microwaves, ultraviolet,
visible light, gamma rays
c. radio waves, infrared, gamma
rays, ultraviolet
d. television, infrared, visible
light, X-rays
43. What is the wavelength of light
waves if their frequency is
5.0X1014 Hz?
a. 0.60 m
b. 6.0 mm

c. 0.060 mm
d. 0.60 micro-m
44. How long does it take light to
travel 1.0 m?
a. 3.3 ns
b. 3.3 micro-s
c. 3.3 ms
d. 3.3 s
45. What is the wavelength of a 92.9
MHz radio wave?
a. 32 mm
b. 32 cm
c. 3.2 m
d. 32 m
46. What frequency are 20 mm
microwaves?
a. 100 MHz
b. 400 MHz
c. 15 GHz
d. 73 GHz
47. Water has a mass density of v =
10^3 kg/m2 and a bulk modulus
of MB = 2.1 10^9 N/m2. Find
the velocity of sound waves in
water.
a. 1.45x10^3m/sec
b. 1.49x10^3m/sec
c. 1.75x10^3m/sec
d. 1.88x10^3m/sec
48. Find the velocity of sound in air at
20C. One mole of air has a mass
of 29 g.
a.310 m/s
b.250 m/s
c. 300 m/s
d.343 m/s
49. What
is
formulation
of
propagation
velocities
of
mechanical waves??
a.(elastic modulus )/(gamma
density)
b.(elastic modulus )/(bulk
density)
c.(elastic modulus )/(modulus
density)

d.(elastic
modulus
)/(rock
density)
50. Which one is not transmitted by a
wave?
a. Energy
b. Momentum
c. Particles
51. What is the wave that can
transmit its energy trough the
vacuum?
a. Electromagnetic wave
b. Seismic wave
c. Love wave
52. What type of wave is produced
when the particles of the medium
are vibrating to and fro in the
same
direction
of
wave
propagation?
a. Longitudinal wave
b. Sound wave
c. Transverse wave
53. Determine the speed of sound in
air at 0 C, if the constant
Laplace = 1.4! using formula
v=( (R T)/M) , M=29x10^(3) gr
a. 331 m/s
b. 321 m/s
c. 231 m/s
54. A length ofwirediameter of 2cmis
usedto hang thelamp31.4kgin
theceiling.
Tension(stress)
experienced bythe wirearound...
(g =10m/s2)
a. 0,01 kN/m2
b. 0,1 kN/m2
c. 1 kN/m2
55. The distance between the peaks
and valleys of the closest is 80
cm. If within 10 seconds there are
60 waves that pass a point, what
is the propagation of these
waves?
a. 6.9 m/s
b. 9.6 m/s

c. 9.9 m/s
56. The centripetal force on an object
in circular motion is in the plane
of the objects motion and
perpendicular to the tangential
speed. in the plane of the objects
motion and in the same direction
as the tangential speed. in the
plane of the objects motion and
in the direction opposite the
tangential speed. Awaveon the
watersurface
produced
from
avibrationfrequency of30Hz. If the
distancebetween thepeaks and
troughs ofsuccessivewavesis50
cm, calculate the propagation of
these waves
a. 30 m/s
b. 50 m/s
c. 150 m/s
57. If you arranged the list of
electromagnetic waves shown
above in order from shortest to
longest wavelength, which would
be closest to microwaves?
a. infrared waves
b. ultraviolet waves
c. visible light
58. Many wave properties are
dependent upon other wave
properties.
Yet,
one
wave
property is independent of all
other wave properties. Which one
of the following properties of a
wave is independent of all the
others?
a. wavelength
b. frequency
c. period
d. velocity
59. As two or more waves pass
simultaneously through the same
region, ... can occur.
a. refraction
b. diffraction
c. interference

d. reflection
60. When the particles of a medium
are vibrating at right angles to the
direction of energy transport, the
type of wave is described as a
_____ wave.
a. longitudinal
b. tranverse
c. standing
d. sound
61. Which one is the correct analogy
for 2D wave propagation ?
A. Gambar Balok
B.
62. What can we infer from the
picture below ?
A. Electromagnetic
wave
propagation
as
3D
wave
propagation
B. String in 2D space with f
tension
C. Wave motion of an ocean wave
on the surface with L = x

63. If we want to solve 1D wave

propagation problem with string
fixed at the ends, which analogy
should we use ?
A. u ( a , t ) =u ( b ,t )=0
B. u ( x , 0 )=I ( x ) , ut ( x ,0 )=0
1 1 1
C. C=( k , l , m )

64. When earthquake happen, what

wave usually created which
propagated onto land surface?
A.Electromagnetic wave
B. Elastic wave
C.Rayleigh wave
D.Plane wave
E.Spherical wave
65. Which one is has equal meaning
with 1 oscillation per second?
A.1
B.1 Hz
C.1
D.1 m/s
E.1 T/
66. x(t)= xm cosine (t+ ). x, ,
are constant, what Xm mean on
that SHM motion equation?
A. A Phase
B. Constanta phase
C. Angle frequenstion
D.The amplitude
E.The period
67. Example of electromagnetic
wave
is
A.
Ocean
Wave
B.
Sound
C.
ultraviolet
ray
D.
rope
wave
E. Seismic wave
68. below
is
characteristic
of
electromagnetic waves, except
a. Electromagnetic waves are
formed by the vibrations of
electric and magnetic fields
b. A changing magnetic field
creates a changing electric field
c.The wavelengths become
shorter as the temperature of
the
material
Decreases.
d. EM waves carry radiant
energy.
e. Can Propagating without
medium.
69. what type of electromagnetic
wave?

a.Longitudinal
b.Transversal
c.Sound
d.
Acoustic
e. Difracction Wave

Wave
Wave
Wave
Wave

70. Which chart said the current

waves voltage against time in the
rlc that are kapasitif?
a. Jawaban
b.
c.

a.
b.
c.

a.
b.
c.

71. Frank oppenheirner has demos

their observations that motion of
a pendulum if projected on a belt
of paper will form a cross, the
graph what is to be formed?
Graphics of Cosinus
Graphics of Tangen
Graphics of Sinusoidal
72. In the following which was not
included the application of simple
motion harmonious in the daily?
Trampoline
Tuning Fork
Spring
73. Assuming that sound waves
fronts are 3D spherical shells,
how do the intensities compare if
located 1.0 m (I1) and 4.0 m (I4)
away from the sound source?
a. I1/I4 = 16
b. I1/I4 = 1/4
c. I1/I4
=
1/16
d. I1/I4 = 4
74. A
car
is
travelling
towards you at
16 ms-1sounding its hooter with a
frequency of 320Hz. The velocity
of sound is 330ms-1. What is the

frequency of the sound that you

will hear?
a. 336 Hz
b. 330 Hz
c. 347 Hz
d. 305 Hz
75. A sound have intensity 1 x 10-9
W/m2. Determine the decibel (dB)
rating of that sound.
a. 50 dB
b. 30 dB
c. 100 dB
d. 10 dB
76. Photoelectric effect is effect that
occur when some plane (usually
made
of
metal)
absorb
electromagnetic radiation and
release electron. Kinetic energy
that release by Photoelectron
effect will depends on factor :
a. Light Intensity
b. Light Frequency
c. Light Color
77. Object that did not move even
can having an energy, because of
effect from outside, for example
object that have energy from
gravitational effect. This Energy
that occurs because of the state
or position is called :
a. Kinetic Energy
b. Calor Energy
c. Potential Energy
78. Johny is running across the field
forming
circle
shape
with
constant velocity, then johny can
be said he is doing uniform
circular motion (UCM). In the
case of UCM value that always
constant is velocity, thus value
that always changing is :
a. Velocity Value
b. Angle Value
c. Frequency Value

79. Which statement that incorrect

about amplitude?
a. Distance between rest &
crest or rest & trough
b. Affect velocity of wave
c. Determines
loudness
(sound) or brightness on
electromagnetic wave
80.

is wave equation. Which is the

incorrect solution to solve this
model?
a.
b.
c.

y ( x ,t)= y m tan(kx t )

81. Seismic wave is one of

application of elastic wave which
is consist of body wave (P wave
and S wave). Which statement is
correct about P wave?
a. P wave is slower than S
wave
b. P wave is transversal
wave
c. P wave travel through
liquid (water, molten
rock, and Earths outer
core)
82. What is Sound wave?
a. Propagation
of
sound
particles that are different
from
the
particles
that
comprise the medium
b. Propagation of energy that
passes through empty spaces
between the particles that
comprise the medium
c. Propagation of pressure
fluctuations in a medium

83. Bats use echolocation to navigate

and hunt. They emit pulses of
high frequency sound waves
which reflect off obstacles and
objects in their surroundings. By
detecting the time delay between
the emitted pulse and the return
of the reflected pulse, a bat can
determine the location of the
object. Determine the time delay
between the sending of a pulse
and the return of its reflection
from an object located 12.5 m
away. Approximate the speed of
the sound waves as 345 m/s.
a. 0.0725 seconds
b. 0.725 seconds
c. 0.725 miliseconds
84. A certain sound is recorded by a
microphone.
The
same
microphone then detects a
second sound, which is identical
to the first one except that the
amplitude
of
the
pressure
fluctuations is larger. In addition
to the larger amplitude, what
distinguishes the second sound
from the first one?
a. It is perceived as higher in
pitch.
b. It is perceived as louder.
c. It has a higher frequency
85. What is the equation for
Mechanical Energy?
1 2
E= k x
a
2
b

1
1
E= m v 2 + k x 2
2
2

1
E= m v 2
2

86. What is the equation of Potential

Energy?
1 2
a. E= 2 k x

b.

1
1
E= m v 2 + k x 2
2
2

c.

1
E= m v 2
2

87. What is the equation of Kinetic

Energy?
1 2
a. E= 2 k x
b.

1
2 1
2
E= m v + k x
2
2

c.

1
E= m v 2
2

88. In the wave propargation, there

are 3 kinds of wav, there are
wave 1 D, 2D, 3D. So which are
belongs to wave 3 dimensions...
a Elastic waves
b Elektromagnetic waves
c Springs wave
89. For Sinusiodal traveling waves,
there is equations like this : (x,t)
= a sin (kx wt + ). If the
amplitude of waves is 20 cm, and
the lenght of waves 0,14 mm and
frekuensi 1400 hz, which time
0,01 sekon and =0, x = 14 cm.
So the solution of this problem is
a 0,2 sin(44/15 +88)
b 0,2 sin (1844)
c 0,2 sin (69 )
90. The formula of refraction of
waves is....
a Vp = gho
b

n1Sin1 = n2Sin2
= a sin (ku + )

91. Below is the example of 3D

wave:
a Water surface wave
b Spring wave
c Sound wave

92. What is the meaning of symbol

?
a Frequency
b Wave velocity
c Wave length
93. The time that needed to has one
vibration is called as ?
a Period
b Amplitude
c Wave length
94. Three dimensional waves trace
resembles what shape?
a Orthogonal
b Circular
c Spherical
95. Which one of the following is not
a part of Maxwells theory?
a Electric currents induce
magnetic field B
b Electric field E begins in
positive charges and ends
in negative charges
c Magnetic field lines have
both start point and end
point
96. Which one of the following
theories is included in maxwells
theory?
a Oersteds Law
b Amperes Law
c Faradays Law
97. A spring is hanged on the top of
the lift . The spring is loaded by
50 gram load. When t=0s ( the lift
is not moving) the increase of the
length of the spring is 5cm. What
is the increase of the length of
the spring if the lift is moving
downwards with the acceleration
of 3 m / s^2 ?
A. 2,5 cm
B. 3,5 cm
C. 4,5 cm
98. Which of the following massspring systems will have the
highest frequency of vibration?

Spring A
:A spring with a
k=300 N/m and a mass of 200 g
suspended
from
it.
Spring B
: A spring with a
k=300 N/m and a mass of 100 g
suspended from it.
A Spring A
B Spring B
C Both are the same
99. When a 4kg mass is hung
vertically on a light spring that
holds true for the hookes law ,
the spring stretches 2,5cm . If the
mass is removed and changed
with 1.5kg one, how far will the
spring stretch ?
A 1,315 cm
B 0,775 cm
C 0,975 cm
100.
The length of seconds pendulum
on the surface of earth is 1 m. the
length of same pendulum on the
surface
of
moon,
where
acceleration due to gravity is
(1/6)th of the g on the surface of
earth is
(a)

36 m

(c)

(b)

1m

(d)

101.
A simple pendulum of
length l and mass (bob) m is
suspended vertically. The string
makes an angle q with the
vertical. The restoring force
acting on the pendulum, is
(a)
sin q

mg tan q

(c) - mg sin q
mg cos q

(b)

(d)

mg

102.
The mass and diameter of
a planet are twice those of earth.
the period of oscillation of
pendulum on this planet will be (if
it is a seconds pendulum on
earth)

(a)
(b)
(c)

2 second

(d)
103.
A mass on a spring
undergoes SHM. The maximum
displacement from the equilibrium
is called?
A. Period
B.
Frequency
C.
Amplitude
104.
In a periodic process, the
number of cycles per unit of time
is called?
A. Period
B.
Frequency
C. Amplitude
105.
In a periodic process, the
time required to complete one
cycle is called?
A. Period
B. Frequency
C. Amplitude
106.
Below are the properties of
sound wave, except:
a. It has longitudinal form
b. Needs medium to propagate
c. It has transversal form
107.
Electromagnetic
wave
propagates for 3x10^5 km/s in
vacuum. If the frequency is 15
MHz, how long its wave length?
a. 45 m
b. 20 m

c. 2 m
108.
Below are the properties of
electromagnetic wave, except:
a. It has longitudinal form
b. Consist of two waves which
perpendicular
c. Doesnt need medium to
propagate
109.
The medium that have
same properties in all direction is
a. Isotropic medium
b. Anisotropic medium
c. Vacuum medium
110.
These
are
several
propeties
of
the
damped
oscillator that are important to
know, except :
a. The frequency is shifted.
b. The
oscillator
can
be
underdamped,
critically
damped, or overdamped.
c. After a certain amount of
time the amplitude is
increase twice.
111.
1D wave propagate in
axis
a. X,y
b. X
c. X,Y,Z
112.
What are the types of
surface waves ?
a. Raylegh Wave and Love
Wave
b. Longitudinal
Wave
and
Transverse Wave
c. P Wave and S wave
113.
What is the equation of
kinetic
energy
on
simple
harmonic motion ?
2 2
a. Ek = mgh = m A sin t
b. Ek = mv2 =

1
m 2 A2 cos 2 t
2

c. Ek =

1
mv
2

1
m
2

A2

cos2 t
114.
What are the types of
waves according to direction of
particle motion ?
a. Mechanical
Wave
and
Electromagnetic Wave
b. Transverse
Wave
and
Longtudinal Wave
c. Electromagnetic Wave and
Tranverse Wave
115.
This law is used in spring
motion. Except
a. Hookes law
b. Newton second law
c. Newton first law
116.
Formula to knew the
deviaton in simple harmonic
motion is
a. A sin 2ft
b. A cos 2ft
c. 2A sin 2ft
117.
A solution to the wave
equation for all time and position
provided that
a. Vp=w/k
b. Vp= k/w
c. Vp=f/w
118.
Acoustic
wave
can
propagates through
a. Gas
b. Water
c. All fluids
119.
What will happen if we
move oscillator in coupled
oscillator
a. Move to the right
b. Move to the left
c. Move to the left and right
120.
Elastic wave can create
a. Longitudinal wave
b. Transversal wave
c. Both
transversal
and
longitudinal wave

121.
Two functions that meet
the above criteria of having a
constant frequency and constant
amplitude inside of plane wave
equation are the
a. Sin and cosecant functions
b. sine and cosine functions
c. Cosine
and
cosecant
functions
122.
Here is some definition of
wave are true, except
a. A disturbance or variation that
transfers energy progressively
from point to point in a
medium
b. produced when a vibrating
source periodically disturbs
the first particle of a medium
c. amount of vibrations that
happen in one second
123.
From the linear equation it
can be derived to wave equation
to earn wave velocity. The aspect
that necessary is, except
a. wave length
b. frequency
c. period
124.
There are four types of
oscillation, except :
a. Free oscillation
b. Pairs oscillation
c. Wave oscillation
125.
The examples of free
oscillation, except :
a. Spring motion
b. Pendulum motion
c. Slow motion
126.
What waves that have the
lowest frequency of the seven
bands
of
waves
on
the
electromagnetic spectrum?
a. Radio waves
b. Microwaves
c. Infrared

127.
A car moving on a
horizontal road may be thrown
out of the road is taking a turn
(a) by the gravitational force
(b) due to the lack of proper
centripetal force
(c) due to the lack of frictional
force between the tire and the
road
128.
A particle is acted upon by
a force of constant magnitude
which is always perpendicular to
the velocity of the particle. The
motion takes place in a plane. It
follows that
(a) its velocity is constant
(b) its acceleration is constant
(c) its motion is circular
129.
A satellite has mass m
speed v and radius r, the force
acting on it is:
(a) zero

(b)

(c)
130.
As the wavelength of a
wave in a uniform medium
increases, its speed will _____.
a. decrease
b. increase
c. remain the same

131.
In a transverse wave, the
particles :
a. Move at right angles to the
direction of the waves
travel
b. Move
backwards
and
forwards along the direction
of the waves travel
c. Stay still
132.
A point P is marked on a
rope before the rope is set to
oscillate.
At
the
particular
instance shown below, what is
the direction of movement of the
point P?
D. As the transverse wave
passes the point P, the point P,
the point P will move and down
perpendicular to the wave
direction. The dotted wave
shows the future new wawve
and P is the new position of
point P after the wave moves a
little more to the right. Poiint P
is going downwards
133.
What is the formula for
acoustic pressure?
a. p = P-P
b. p = Po-P
c. p = P-P0
134.
What is Po?
a. Atmosphere Pressure
b. Acoustic pressure
c. Zero Pressure
135.
The velocity of plane wave
in the medium is...
2
v=
1
a.
( ) 2
b.

c.

v=

1
1

( ) 2
v=

2
1

( E ) 2

136.
Which is the right one
dimensional waves equation?
a.
Yn
=
a2
.
yxx
2
2
2 . 2

b.
q/
t =c
q/
x2
c.

x2 +

t 2 = c2
.

q/

q/ y2 +

q/
q/

z2)
137.
How to obtain the two
dimensional waves equation of
partial
differencial?
a.
Newtons
first
law
b. Newtons second law
c.
Newtons
third
law
138.
This is the example of
three
dimensional
waves,
except?
a.
Light
b.
Sound
c. Water wave
139.
Which one of the following
statements is true about plane
wave
a. Constant-frequency
wave
whose wavefront are infinite
parallel
b. This wave have real direction
angles
c. The plane wave have same a
wavelength with other wave
140.
The basic properties of
plane waves propagating is ?
a. Homogeneous
isotropic
region
b. Heterogeneous
isotropic
region
c. Homogeneous isobar region
141.
These basic properties
including the nature of ?
a. Electric and magnetic
b. Electric only

c. Magnetic only
142.
Which one of the following
statements is true when an object
performs simple harmonic motion
about a central point O?
a. The acceleration is always
away from O.
b. The acceleration and velocity
are always in opposite
directions.
c. The graph of acceleration
against displacement is a
straight line.
143.
A mass M hangs in
equilibrium on a spring. M is
made to oscillate about the
equilibrium position by pulling it
down 10 cm and releasing it. The
time for M to travel back to the
equilibrium position for the first
time is 0.50 s. Which line, A to D,
is correct for these oscillations?
a. Amplitude 10 cm, period 1 s
b. Amplitude 10 cm, period 2 s
c. Amplitude 20 cm, period 2 s
144.
Which of the following has
the highest frequency?
a. Infrared
b. Microwave
c. X-ray
145.
Spherical waves come
from?
A. Point source
B. Infinite parallel planes normal to
the phase velocity vector
C. Infinite parallel planes parallel to
the phase velocity vector
146.
Which one is classified as
surface wave?
A. P wave
B. Love wave
C. S wave
147.
What is the factor for
spherical wave to form a
wavelets?
A. Secondary source

B. Primary source
C. External source
148.
Centripetal
motion
is
example of circular motion, how
about the speed in centripetal
motion
a. Has constan acceleration
b. Constan speed
c. Unpredictable
149.
Each trouble point on front
of a wave, acts like a point
source or circular waves. That is
statement of
a. Huygen's principle
b. Interference
c. atenuation
150.
when wave in max position
what energy is occur?
a. Kinetic
b. Potential
c. Kinetic and potential
151.
Which one the example of
anisotropic medium :
a. light coming
through
a
polarizer
b. free space
c. air
152.
The speed of an acoustic
wave in a material is determined
by, except :
a. elastic properties of the
medium
b. pressure
c. atmosphere
153.
what is the definition of
isotropic medium
a. a medium in which the waves
travel, it will travel at equal
speed independantly of which
direction it travels.
b. a medium in which the waves
travel it will travel at opposite
speed independantly of which
direction it travels.

c. a medium in which the waves

travel it will travel at
perpendicular
speed
independantly
of
which
direction it travels.
154.
The frequency range of
Hypersonic waves are....
a. 20 Hz to 20kHz
b. 20 kHz to 10^9 Hz
c. 10^9 Hz to 10^13 Hz
155.
Mecanical
waves
are
described using terms, except
a. Wavelenght
b. Massa
c. Speed of propagation
156.
According to number of
dimensions, Waves traveling
radially outward from a small
source, such as sound waves
and light waves is a
a. 1-D Waves
b. 2-D Waves
c. 3-D Waves
157.
As a pulse travels though
a uniform medium, the speed of
the pulse ____.
a.
b. increase c. remains the
decreases s
same

158.
The main factor which
effects the speed of a sound
wave is the ____.
a. amplitude
sound wave

of

theb. intensity of the

sound

c. properties of the
medium
159.
As a wave passes across
a boundary into a new medium,
which characteristic of the wave
would NOT change?
a. speed b. frequency c. wavelength
160.
Body wave is divided into
2 that is P wave and S wave, and
P wave is plane wave, Include in
what type of wave that P wave
is ?
a. Transversal Wave
b. Longitodinal Wave
c. Electromagnetic Wave

161.
A beam of light is
propagating in the x direction.
The electric field vector?
A. can oscillate in any direction in
space.
B. must oscillate in the x direction
C. Must oscillate in the yz plane
(The E field is in a plane
perpendicular to the direction of
propagation. But it can be in any
direction in that plane)
162.
Which one of the answer
is not the application of Elastic
waves ?
a. Surface Wave
b. Electromagnetic Wave
c. Seismic wave
163.
A wave whose equiphase
surfaces form a family of
concentric spheres, the direction
of travel is always perpendicular

to the surfaces of the spheres

also we known as
a. Accoustic waves
b. Spherical waves
c. Plan waves
164.
From this following options
below, which not influence a
move waves is
a. Amplitudo
b. Time
c. Velocity
165.
The property of being
directionally
dependent,
as
opposed to isotropy, which
implies identical properties in all
directions also we known as
a. Anisotropy medium
b. Isotopry medium
c. Wave propagation
166.
Which one of the following
statements is true when an object
performs simple harmonic motion
about a central point O?
A

The acceleration is always

away from O.

The
acceleration
and
B velocity are always in
opposite directions.
The acceleration and the
displacement from O are
C
always
in
the
same
direction.
The graph of acceleration
D against displacement is a
straight line.

167.
A simple pendulum and a
mass-spring system are taken to
the Moon, where the gravitational
field strength is less than on
Earth. Which line, A to D,

correctly describes the change, if

any, in the period when compared
with its value on Earth?
period
of
period
of
mass-spring
pendulum
system
A decrease

decrease

B increase

increase

C no change

decrease

D increase

no change

168.
The frequency of a body
moving with simple harmonic
motion is doubled. If the
amplitude remains the same,
which one of the following is also
doubled?
A the time period
B the total energy
C the maximum velocity
D the maximum acceleration
169.
What kind of force that has
very big influence in spring
oscillation ?

particle

a.
b.
c.

influenced by a transverse wave

(look at the picture below). How
does the particle motion?
a.
b.
c.

171.

Maintain the position

Move along X positive
Move along X negative

Look at the picture below

B
A
Above is the picture of coupled
oscillator. When the particle A is pull to
the left until maximum amplitudo and
particle B is stick at the position. After
several time the amplitudo of particle A
reach the zero (back to the initial
position). After that time , What will
happened to the particle B?
a.

Silent at the initial

position
b. Move with half amplitudo
c. Move
with
maximum
amplitudo
What is velocity in wave propagation ?

The rate at which the disturbance

travels through the medium

Gravitational force
The height of a wave crest above the
External Force
reference line
Gravitational and Tension Force

170.
In the move of particle
inside of area which has been

The distance the disturbance travels

during one period of vibration

Here are the characteristic of P wave,

except

Longitudinal wave

vertically. What should be the orientation

of a straight wire receiving antenna ? It
should be placed

Vertically

1st to arrive at seismic station

Horizontally and in a direction parallel to
the waves direction of motion
Do not travel through liquid

Here are some Electromagnetic wave

phenomena, except

Gamma Rays

Horizontally and in a direction

perpendicular to the waves direction of
motion

Which of the following correctly lists

electromagnetic waves in order from
longest to shortest wavelength ?

X-rays

Seismic wave

Gamma Rays, Ultraviolet, Infrared,

Microwaves

All electromagnetic waves travel through

vacuum at .

Microwaves, Ultraviolet, Visible Light,

Gamma Rays

The same speed

Television, Infrared, Visible Light, Xrays

Speeds that are proportional to their

frequency

Speeds that are inversely proportional to

their frequency

What are transmitted by a wave?

Phase, momentum, matter.

Energy, momentum, phase.

An electromagnetic wave is radiated by
a straight wire antenna that is oriented

Momentum, phase, matter.

ESSAY
In transverse wave, if the motion of the
particle is .. to the direction of
propagation of the waves itself.

Perpendicular.

Diagonal.

Parallel.

What is isotropic medium?

Half of the medium has the same

properties in every directions.

All the medium has the same properties

in some directions only.

All the medium has the same

properties in every directions.

How many classification does wave get

classified based on direction?

1. Explain about GPR and its

application!
GPR is short impulses of a
high-frequency
electromagnetic wave are
transmitted into the ground
using an pair of transmitting &
receiving antennae. The GPR
surveys are made by gridding
the site and positioning or
pulling the tracking cart
across the ground surface.
Changes in the dielectric
properties of the soil (i.e.,
permittivity) reflect relative
changes in the subsurface
environment.
The
EM
frequency
and
electrical
conductivity of the ground
control
the
depth
of
penetration of the GPR
survey. Applications of GPR
such as
Civil/Structural
Engineering : Utilities (pipes,
cables), rebar and voids,
Transportation
for
built
roadways and railroad tracks
and Ice thickness
Environmental
:
Hazardous waste mapping,
Storage tank detection
Geotechnical
:
Stratigraphic
mapping,
cavities
and
sinkholes,
Groundwater, and Mining
Hazards
2. What is the different between
P wave and S wave?
3. Describe how the fans in a
stadium must move in order to
produce
a
longitudinal
stadium wave!

The fans will need to sway

side to side. Thus, as the
wave travels around the
stadium they would be
moving parallel to its direction
of motion. If they rise up and
sit down, then they would be
creating a transverse wave.
4. A 2.0-meter long rope is
hanging vertically from the
ceiling and attached to a
vibrator. A single pulse is
observed to travel to the end
of the rope in 0.50 s. What
frequency should be used by
the vibrator to maintain three
whole waves in the rope?
The given info allows you to
determine the speed of the
wave: v=d/t=2 m/0.5 s) = 4
m/s. If there are 3 waves in a
2-meter long rope, then each
wave is 2/3-meter long. Now
find frequency with the
equation v=f*w where v=4 m/s
and w=0.667 m. Proper
algebra yields 6 Hz as the
answer
5. Describe about Fermats law!
Fermats law is the principle
that the path taken between
two points by a ray of light is
the path that can be traversed
in the least time. This
principle is sometimes taken
as the definition of a ray of
light. In other words, a ray of
light prefers the path such
that there are other paths,
arbitrarily nearby on either
side, along which the ray
would take almost exactly the
same time to traverse.
Fermat's principle can be
used
to
describe
the
properties of light rays

reflected off mirrors, refracted

through different media, or
undergoing
total
internal
reflection.
It
follows
mathematically from Huygens'
principle (at the limit of small
wavelength).
6. Please explain about seismic
waves and its type!
Seismic waves are the
waves of energy caused by the
sudden breaking of rock within
the earth or an explosion. They
are the energy that travels
through the earth and is recorded
on seismographs. There are two
main types of seismic wave, body
waves and surface waves. Body
waves can travel through the
earth's inner layers, but surface
waves can only move along the
surface of the planet like ripples
on water. The first kind of body
wave is the P wave or primary
wave and the second one is the
S wave or secondary wave. On
the other hand, surface wave has
two types of waves thats are love
wave and rayleigh wave.
7. What are the application of
elastic wave?
Seismic wave is one of the
elastic
wave
application.
Seismic wave are waves of
energy that travel through the
earth, and are a result of an
earthquake, explosion, or a
volcano.
Seismic
wave
consists of body wave and
surface wave.
8. Define kinetic energy and
derive an expression for it.
Kinetic energy is defined as
the energy possessed by an
object by virtue of its

motion.Expression for kinetic

energy. Consider a body of
mass 'm' which is initially at
rest. When a force 'F' is
applied on the body it starts
moving with a velocity 'v' and
covers a distance 'S'. The
force produces acceleration
'a' in the body. The force 'F'
does work when it moves the
body through a distance 'S'
and this work done is stored
in the body as its kinetic
energy.
9. The string at the right is 1.5
meters long and is vibrating
as the first harmonic. The
string vibrates up and down
with 33 complete vibrational
cycles
in
10
seconds.
Determine the frequency,
period, wavelength and speed
for this wave.

Given: L = 1.5 m
33 cycles in 10 seconds
The frequency refers to how
often a point on the medium
undergoes back
and-forth vibrations; it is
measured as the number of
cycles per unit of time.In this
case, it is
f = (33 cycles) / (10 seconds)
= 3.3 Hz
The period is the reciprocal of
the frequency.
T = 1 / (3.3 Hz) = 0.303
seconds
The wavelength of the wave
is related to the length of the
rope. For the first harmonic as

pictured in this problem, the

length of the rope is
equivalent to one-half of a
wavelength. That is, L = 0.5
W
where
W
is
the
wavelength. Rearranging the
equation and substituting
leads to the following results:
W = 2 L = 2 (1.5 m) = 3.0
m
The speed of a wave can be
calculated from its wavelength
and frequency using the wave
equation:
v = f W = (3.3 Hz) (3. 0 m)
= 9.9 m/s
10. What is the relation between
ocean wave and water wave ?
Tsunamis are water waves
that start in the deep ocean
and then propagate towards
shore. Initially, tsunamis have
relatively small amplitude
which would seem to render
them as harmless as wind
waves. Usually because of an
underwater
earthquake,
underwater
landslides
or
volcanoes.
11. Use the Doppler equation for
a moving source to calculate
the observed frequency for a
250 Hz source of sound if it is
moving with a speed of ____.
(Assume that the speed of
sound in air is 340 m/s.) 30
m/s towards the observer. 30
m/s away from the observer.
The Doppler equation for
determining the observed
frequency for a moving
source is:
fobserved = vsound / (vsound
vsource) fsource

The + sign is used if the

source moves away from the
observer
The - sign is used if the
source moves towards the
observer.
If applied to this situation,
vsound is 340 m/s and
fsource is 250 Hz.
a. fobserved = (340 m/s)/(340
m/s - 30 m/s)(250 Hz) = (340
m/s)/(310 m/s)(250 Hz) =
274 Hz
b. fobserved = (340 m/s)/(340
m/s + 30 m/s)(250 Hz) =
(340 m/s)/(370 m/s)(250 Hz)
= 230 Hz
12. Why does the wavelength
change when the wave enters
from one medium to another?
The speed is different in
different media. Since the
frequency doesnt change,
the wavelength must change
proportional to the speed.
Why doesnt the frequency
change? The wave in the new
medium is driven by the fields
from the old medium, and
they wiggle back and forth
with some frequency. So they
drive wiggles at that same
frequency. Why does the
speed change? That was first
understood by Lorentz. The
wave drives charged particles
into
oscillation
at
its
frequency. They re-radiate
more waves. Its tricky, but the
sum of the old wave and the
new one lags behind where
the old wave would have
been, in effect moving more
slowly.
13. Steel has a Youngs modulus
of 2 10^11 N/m2 and a

volume mass density of 7800

kg/m3. Assuming a sinusoidal
longitudinal wave with a
displacement amplitude of 1.0
10^6 mm and a frequency
= 5 kHz in a steel rod, find
(a) the wave velocity,
(b) the wave intensity.
(a) The velocity of the wave is
cw = Y/ v = 2 10^11/ 7.8
10^3 = 5.1 103 m/sec
(b) The intensity of the wave
can
be
computed
from.intensity = 1 2 v2 2
0 cw = 1 2 7800 (2 5
10^3 ) 2 (10^9 ) 2 5.1
10^3 = 1.96 10^2 W/m2 .
14. If the energy in a longitudinal
wave travels from south to
north, the particles of the
medium......
It will vibrate both north and
south. In longitudinal waves,
particles of the medium
vibrate to and from in a
direction parallel to the
direction of energy transport.
If the particles only moved
north and not back south,
then the particles would be
permanently displaced from
their rest position; this is not
wavelike.
15. Explain what attenuation is !
Attenuation is the weakening
of the signal attenuation
caused by the farther distance
that must be taken by a signal
, and also because of the
higher frequency of the signal
16. Asinusoidal wave moving in
the
x-positive,has
an
amplitude15.0cm,
40.0cmwavelength,
and
frequency
of8.0Hz.
The
vertical
position
of
the

elements
ofthe
medium
att=0andx=0is15.0cmas
shown.Determine :
The wave numbers,
periods,
angular velocity,
and the velocity of the wave
2 2 rad
k= =
=0.157 rad /cm

40 cm
1
1
T= =
=0.125 s
f 800 s1
=2 f =2 ( 8.0 s1 )=50.3 rad / s
v =f =( 40 cm ) ( 8 s1 ) =320

cm
s

17. What is a node?

A node is a point along the
medium of no displacement.
The point is not displaced
because
destructive
interference occurs at this
point.
18. What is a standing wave?
A wave that appears to stand
in one place, even though it is
really two waves interfering as
they pass through each other
19. Justify the electromagnetism
from
electrodynamic
movement in electromagnetic
wave radiation!
Electromagnetism
is
the
physical
phenomenon
associated with the theory of
electrodynamics. Electric and
magnetic fields obey the
properties of superposition.
Thus, a field due to any
particular particle or timevarying electric or magnetic
field contributes to the fields
present in the same space
due to other causes. Further,

as they are vector fields, all

magnetic and electric field
vectors
add
together
according to vector addition.
For example, in optics two or
more coherent lightwaves
may
interact
and
by
constructive or destructive
interference yield a resultant
irradiance deviating from the
sum of the component
irradiances of the individual
lightwaves.
20. 1D Wave Equation is an
equation depends on time and
dimension parameter, with the
equation as listed below :
2 u 2 2 u
=c
t2
x2
From that equation, we can make
a string model (T refer to Tension,
and refer to density)

From the string model that have

been made, decide :
A. Newtons Second Law
B. Wave acceleration on model,
r=x i+u ( x , t ) j
with
as
position
A. Newtons Second Law :
Forces = Mass x Acceleration
B. because r=x i+u ( x , t ) j we

extract the value of

2 u
t2

r=x i into

and u ( x , t ) j into

2 u
c
x2
2

so, the equation will

be :
2

a=

r u
= 2j
2
t
t

21. Calculate the frequency heard

by a stationary listener when
an ambulance passes him at
a speed of 25 ms-1:
a. when the ambulance is
moving towards him
and
b. when the ambulance is
moving away from him.
Take the speed of sound to be
340 ms-1and the frequency of the
siren to be 1500 Hz.
a.
V VL
f L=
.f
V Vs S
f L=

3400
.1500
34025

f L =1619 Hz
b.
V VL
f L=
.f
V Vs S
f L=

3400
.1500
340+ 25

f L =1397 Hz

22. A car with mass 2 tons

moving toward with velocity
20 m/s in the track with
diameter/2 100 m

If velocitiy of the car is 20 m/s

then calculate the normal force
that experienced by the car when
the car is on top of the track (like
in the picture above)
Forces when the car at the top of
track

Newton law of Circular Motion :

m v2
F=

+wN=

mv
r

( mg )N = m v
r

( 2000 ) (10)N =

( 2000 ) (10)2
100

( 2000 ) (10)N =8000

N=200008000
N=12000 Newton

23. A series of R-L-C arranged

such as the picture under

Surface
acoustic
waves
propagate along the surface
of a substrate. There are
some types of the surface
acoustic waves.

Describe a chart waves sinuses

produced if XL > XC?

Because a graph of a series of

alternating
current
that
is
inductive is a chart V before chart
I
24. How many kind Oscillation
wave has? And spell all of it!
Free Oscillation
Pairs Oscillation
Damped Oscillation
Forced Oscillation
25. Explain about acoustic wave
in
Bulk,transverse,longitudinal,
and surface wave type!
Bulk acoustic waves are
acoustic waves propagated
through the bulk substrate
material.
If the motions of the matter
particles conveying the wave
are perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of the
wave itself, we have a
transverse
wave.
If the motion of particles is
back and forth along the
direction of propagation, we
have a longitudinal wave.

26. Please
explain
about
definition of elastic wave and
its application!
A wave propagated by a
medium having inertia and
elasticity (the existence of
forces which tend to restore
any part of a medium to its
original position), in which
displaced particles transfer
momentum
to
adjoining
particles, and are themselves
restored to their original
position.
Application of elastic wave
was
on
seismic
wave.
Seismic wave are waves of
energy that travel through the
earth, and are a result of an
earthquake, explosion, or a
volcano.
Seismic
wave
consists of body wave and
surface wave.
27. Determine
if
constructive
interference occurs at a
certain point and then find the
shortest distance you need to
walk in order to experience
destructive
interference.
Imagine you are in an open
field where two loudspeakers
are set up and connected to
the same amplifier so that
they emit sound waves in
phase at 688 . Take the speed
of sound in air to be 344 . If
you are 3.00 from speaker A
directly to your right and 3.50
from speaker B directly to
your left, will the sound that

you hear be louder than the

sound you would hear if only
one speaker were in use?
Analysis the problem : The
perceived loudness depends
on the amplitude of the sound
wave detected by your ear.
When two sound waves arrive
at the same region of space
they overlap, and interference
occurs. The resulting wave
has an amplitude that can
vary depending on how the
two
waves
interfere.
If
destructive
interference
occurs,
the
total
wave
amplitude is zero and no
sound
is
perceived;
if
constructive
interference
occurs,
the
total
wave
amplitude
is
twice
the
amplitude of a single wave,
and sound is perceived as
louder than what it would be if
only one wave reached your
ear. Constructive interference
occurs when the distances
traveled by two sound waves
differ by a integer number of
wavelengths. If the difference
in paths is equal to any halfinteger
number
of
wavelengths,
destructive
interference occurs.
Find the wavelength : In a
periodic wave, the product of
the wavelength and the
frequency is the speed at
which the wave pattern
travels; that is,
So we get the wavelength
= 344/688 m
Solution : The sound's
wavelength is equal to the

difference
between
the
distances traveled by the
sound waves from the two
speakers. Because the path
difference is equal to the
wavelength of the sound, the
sound originating at the two
speakers
will
interfere
constructively at your location
and you will perceive a louder
sound.
28. Explain
what
is
the
relationship
between
Mechanical Energy, Potential
Energy, and Kinetic Energy ?
Mechanical Energy is The
Sum of Potential Energy and
Kinetic Energy from an object
in certain condition (time,
place, speed)
29. I think the diferents of two
kinds of waves is based on
points of koordinat. In 2D this
wave has only 2 points
koordinat there are xy while in
3D waves there are has only
3 points of koordinat there are
xyz. In the 2 dimension waves
we can found this in
sinulosidal waves forexampel
ocean wave. And in 3 D wave
we
can
found
it
in
electromagnetic waves and
souds waves, for 3D wave is
only use the equations of
fermat, gauss, and fourier
equations.
30. What is the
elastic wave ?

definition

of

A wave propagated by a
medium having inertia and
elasticity, in which displaced
particles transfer momentum
to adjoining particles, and are

themselves restored to their

original position.
31. What is the frequency of
radiation with a wavelength of
5.00 x 108 m? In what region
of
the
electromagnetic
spectrum is this radiation?
1) Use = c to determine the
frequency: (5.00 x 108 m) (x)
= 3.00 x 108 m/s
x = 6.00 x 1015 s1
2)
Determine
the
electromagnetic
spectrum
region: This frequency is right
in the middle of the ultraviolet
region of the spectrum.
32. If it takes 4J of work to stretch
a Hooke's law spring 10 cm
from
its
initial
length,
determine the extra work
required to stretch it an
additional 10 cm !
Known = x1 = 10cm
W = 4J
Asked = W = ?
Answer
=
The
work
done
in
stretching or compressing
a spring is proportional to
the
square
of
the
displacement.
If we
double
the
displacement, we do 4
times as much work. It
takes 16 J to stretch the
spring 20 cm from its initial
length, so it takes 12 J to
stretch it from 10 cm to 20
cm.
Theoritically:
W = (1/2) k x2. Given W and x
we find k.
4 J = (1/2) k (0.1 m) 2 ; k =(8 J) /
(0.1 m)2 = 800 N /m.
Now x = 0.2 m. W = (1/2) (800
N/m) (0.2 m)2 = 16 J.

Extra work: 16 J - 4 J = 12 J.
33. A
simple
pendulum
is
suspended from the roof of a
trolley which moves in a
horizontal direction with an
acceleration a then the time
period is given T = 2p.
calculate g that is working on
the pendulum!
SQRT(g2 +a2)
34. what is the harmonic motion?
Harmonic motion is the type
of periodic motion where the
restoring force in diredtly
proportional
for
the
displacement and act in the
direction opposite to that
displacement
35. Oscillate or oscillation is
moving
back and
forth
repeatedly. Because of that
movement, so oscillation has
frequency. What is frequency f
of the oscillation?
The frequency f of the
oscillation is the number times
per second that is complete a
full one oscillation.
36. Explain about snellius law !
Snellius law is a formula used
to describe the relationship
between the angles of
incidence
and
refraction,
when referring to light or other
waves passing through a
boundary
between
two
different isotropic media, such
as water, glass, or air. The
equation is :
37. Explain
about
anisotrpic
medium !
Anisotropic medium is the
property of being directionally
dependent, as opposed to
isotropy,
which
implies

identical properties in all

directions. It can be defined
as
a
difference,
when
measured along different
axes, in a material's physical
or mechanical
properties
(absorbance, refractive index,
conductivity, tensile strength,
etc.)
38. Please mention and explain
the types of waves according
to their medium.
Mechanical wave is a wave
that is not capable of
transmitting
its
energy
through
a
vacuum.
Mechanical waves require a
medium in order to transport
their energy from one location
to another. A sound wave is
an example of a mechanical
wave. Sound waves are
incapable of traveling through
a vacuum. Slinky waves,
water waves, stadium waves,
and jump rope waves are
other examples of mechanical
waves.
Electromagnetic wave is a
wave that is capable of
transmitting
its
energy
through
a
vacuum.
Electromagnetic waves are
produced by the vibration of
charged
particles.
Electromagnetic waves that
are produced on the sun
subsequently travel to Earth
through the vacuum of outer
space. Were it not for the
ability of electromagnetic
waves to travel to through a
vacuum,
there
would
undoubtedly be no life on
Earth. All light waves are

examples of electromagnetic
waves.
39. Why spring is a transversal
and longitudinal wave?
The spring is a longitudinal
wave because when we gave
the spring force straght with
spring the wave in the spring
is longitudnal. But when we
gave force perpendicular with
spring the wave in the spring
s transversal
40. What will happen when
seismic wave propagates
through rock layers with
different
acoustic
impedance ?
Waves will be divided,
several will be reflected to the
surface and the rest will be
propagate to the next layer
41. What is the wavelength &
frequency of an EM wave?
Wavelength= distance from
crest to crest.
Frequency=
number
of
wavelengths that pass a given
point in 1 s.
As
frequency
increases,
wavelength becomes smaller.
42. What is the tension in a 0.500
meter rope which carries a
2.50 kg bucket of water in a
vertical circle with a velocity of
3.00 m/s when the bucket is
at the bottom of its swing?
Begin with a free-body
diagram for the bucket at the
bottom of its string. Since the
bucket is at the bottom of the
circle, the net force is
upwards (inwards). Notice
that the tension force must be
greater than the force of
gravity in order to have a net

upwards (inwards) force. Also

note that while Ftens is
directed in the direction of the
net force, Fgrav is in the
opposite direction. Thus, the
equation can be written:
Fnet = Ftens - Fgrav
This
equation
can
be
rearranged to solve for
tension; the expressions for
Fgrav
(mg)
and
Fnet
(mv2/R) can be substituted
into it:
Ftens = Fnet + Fgrav =
mv2/R + mg = (2.50
kg)(3.00 m/s)2/(0.500 m) +
(2.50 kg)(9.8 m/s2)
Ftens = 69.5 N
43. A wave has wavelength of 10
m and a speed of 340 m/s.
What is the frequency of the
wave?
Answer:
10 m
v 340 m/ s
f=?
v f f = v (340 m/s)/10
m 34 Hz
44. What is anisotropic medium?
Anisotropic medium is the
property of being directionally
dependent, as opposed to
isotropy, which implies identical
properties in all directions. It can
be defined as a difference, when
measured along different axes, in
a
material's
physical
or
mechanical
properties
(absorbance, refractive index,
conductivity, tensile strength,
etc.)
45. Mention the properties in
plane wave
Answer : Wavelength, Phase,and
Group Velocity,penetration depth,

and polarization are discussed

for these plane waves
46. Explain the differences about
1D,
2D,
3D
waves!
Answer
:
1
Dimensional:
travels
through
a
1-dimensional
medium, like a string or a
slinky.
2 Dimensional: travels along a
2-dimensional surface, like a
pond ripple, or an ocean
wave, or a wave in a thin
sheet of metal. The wave
front typically takes the form
of an expanding circle.
3
Dimensional:
travels
through
a
3-dimensional
medium, like sound waves,
earthquake waves, (most)
light waves, etc. The wave
front typically takes the form
of an expanding sphere.
47. Mention
between
wave !

the
differences
P wave and S -

P wave :

Longitudinal wave
1st to arrive at seismic station
Travel through the earths core

S wave :

Transversal wave
2nd to arrive at seismic station
Cant travel through liquid
48. Explain the energy obtains
(kinetic and potential) from
oscillation movements like

figure below! If the object

move from Xm to Xm

Answer :

The graph show the energy between

potential energy (blue line) and kinetic
energy (pink line). The equilibrium
position x = 0, and oscillate between -x m
and xm. When the object at the max
point (-xm and xm) it has max potential
energy. When the object in equilibrium
position the potential energy = 0, but it
has max kinetic energy.
49. Explain how electromagnetic
waves are formed?
Electromagnetic
waves
are
formed by the vibrations of
electric and magnetic fields.
These fields are perpendicular to
one another in the direction the
wave is traveling. Once formed,
this energy travels at the speed
of light until further interaction
with matter.
50. How the formation of acoustic
wave in gas, liquids, and
solid?
Acoustic wave consists of a
sequence
of
compressions
(dense gas) and rarefactions
(less dense gas) that travel
through the gas. In liquids, it
consists of a sequence of
combined elastic deformation
and compression waves that

travel though the liquid, and in

solids, consists of a sequence of
elastic
compression
and
expansion waves that travel
though the solid.
51. Based to their medium, the
waves are devided into 2,
Explain!
Based to their medium, the waves are
devided
into
2
are
:
A. Mechanical wave is a wave that is
not capable of transmitting its energy
through a vacuum. Mechanical waves
require a medium in order to transport
their energy from one location to
another.
C. Electromagnetic wave is a
wave that is capable of
transmitting
its
energy
through
a
vacuum.
Electromagnetic waves are
produced by the vibration of
charged particles.
52. What wave
waves ? Explain!

is

electromagnetic

D. Including of transverse wave

that does not require medium,
so travels in a vacuum at c =
2,998 x 108 m/s which is
equivalent to the speed of
light
53. What causes oscillation ?
-> Oscillation in spring is cause by
gravitational force and tension in the
spring, while in a pendulum is cause by
gravitational alone
-> In transverse and longitudinal wave
however, the oscillation is cause by
external force and then the particle it

self reacted to overcome the force to

maintain its position
54. Why The
happened ?

coupled

oscillation

The coupled oscillation happened

because when there is two identic
pendullum which connected by a spring.
The first pendullum will reach maximum
amplitude, while the second pendullum
has no amplitude. Alterately the first
pendullum will decrease untill the

2 y 2 y

2
2
x x
t
56. Derivate the 3D-Wave equation
from 1D wave equation and draw the
vector analysis q for this equation. The
1D equation is :

1. Derivation of the 3D-Wave is

The vector analysis is below

q=q x x^ +q y ^y + q z z^
amplitude is zero and the second
pendullum will increase untill reach
maximum

55. Write down the explanation about

wave equation of travelling wave string
on a string!
the explanation about wave equation of
travelling wave string on a string :

x+ dx

dl
x

In small q Limit :

y+ dy
+ d

3D-waves
equation

equation

from

1D-waves

The conclusion of 3D wave equation

is the derivation of 1D coordinate
system into a 3D coordinate system.
57.There
are
three
fundamental
characteristics of electromagnetic wave,
please mention it
Three fundamental characteristic of EM
wave are :
-

They all travel at high velocity

cos 1

sin

sin d d

tan

2 y
Fx 0 Fy d d ma dx 2
t

y
x

In travelling, they assume the

properties of waves
They radiate outward from a
source without benefit of any discernible
physical vehicles
58. Explain why a sound wave loses
energy the further it is spread from the
oscillation source
The more a sound wave moves away
from the source (pay attention : the
sound wave travels but the particles
themselves do not move along with the
sound wave), the more air (medium)
particles are involved in the wave. The
amount of initial energy (spread with the
source oscillation) is spread over a
larger surface and is involved in the
displacement of more particles. As a
consequences, the overall amount of
energy remains the same, but the effect
(in term of displacement) of this energy
on a single medium particle or on a
single portion of the sound wave is
smaller. Thus, the sound wave slowly
fades by moving away from the source.

similar to the way sound travels through

the air. The particles of the material a P
Wave pushes through move in the
direction of the P wave's energy. This is
called the direction of wave propagation.
S waves are slower than P waves and
they can only travel through solid rock.
S waves move the particles it pushes
through up and down or side to side
(perpendicular to the motion of the S
waves energy).
60. Explain why electromagnetic wave
can travel without a medium but
mechanical wave cant.
Electromagnetic wave and mechanical
wave
have
different
properties,
especially on what the wave can
transfer. In mechanical wave, only
energy and momentum that travel with
it, but in electromagnetic wave, a
particle also travel with it. The main
reason why electromagnetic wave can
propagates without a medium is
because the wave itself is produce by
the vibration of the charge particle.
61. Please explain about wave
interference and give it illustration

59. Please explain the characteristic of

Body wave (P-wave and S-wave) ! The
second link has very good animated
illustrations of both movements.
P (Primary) and S (Secondary) Waves
are Body Waves often associated with
Seismic Waves as in Earthquakes. Both
Body Waves and Surfaces waves
comprise an earthquake, but the body
waves arrive first. Primary are first, And
Secondary are, well, second of course.
P Waves are compressional which
means they move through (compress) a
solid or liquid by pushing or pulling

Wave interference is the phenomenon

that occurs when two waves meet while
traveling along the same medium. The
interference of waves causes the
medium to take on a shape that results
from the net effect of the two individual
waves upon the particles of the medium.
It divided by two types are contructive
and destructive interference.
62. Why electromagnetic wave doesnt
require any medium to travel?
Electromagnetic waves are formed a
charged particle (such as a proton)
oscillates. Due to this oscillation, electric
and magnetic fields are produced.
These fields are perpendicular to each

other and also oscillate like the particle.

Thus, the wave is produced by
oscillation and propogation of electric
and magnetic fields. Since, the fields
don't require any medium. So the wave
doesn't requires any medium either.