Chapter 4 - Sampling: Distribution

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Chapter 4 – Sampling

Distribution
Content

• What is sampling distribution?


• Why is it important for Engineer?
• Find mean, variance, and standard deviation
of a sample and population distribution.
• Sampling error and non-sampling error.

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Still remember, we learned what is population vs sample in chap 1??

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Content

• What is sampling distribution?


• Why is it important for Engineer?
• Find mean, variance, and standard deviation
of a sample and population distribution.
• Sampling error and non-sampling error.

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Why is it important for Engineer??

Very frequently, engineers take samples from industrial


systems. These samples are used to infer some of the
characteristics of the populations from which they came. What
factors must be kept in mind in taking the samples? How big
does a sample need to be? These are some of the questions to
be considered.

Sampling distributions are important because:


✓ They provide a major simplification on the route to statistical
inference.
✓ They provide an easy way (less data) to reflect what will happen in a
whole population.

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Content

• What is sampling distribution?


• Why is it important for Engineer?
• Find mean, variance, and standard deviation
of a sample and population distribution.
• Sampling error and non-sampling error.

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𝝁𝒙

𝒔𝟐

𝒔 = 𝒔2

𝝈2

T= 17
17
𝑋ത = = 2.83
6

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𝝈2
https://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch07-clt.html#:~:text=The%20standard%20deviation%20of%20the,root%20of%20the%20sample%20size.

𝜇 𝜇𝑥
Population mean Sample mean

Rule of Thumb 1:
The sample mean is always equal to the population mean
∴ 𝜇 = 𝜇𝑥

𝜎 𝜎𝑥
Population std dev Sample std dev

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Content

• What is sampling distribution?


• Why is it important for Engineer?
• Find mean, variance, and standard deviation
of a sample and population distribution.
• Sampling error and non-sampling error.

Prepared by Dr. Yeap Swee Pin, UCSI University 16


Sampling Error & Non-Sampling Error

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Sampling Error

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Sampling Error

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END of Chapter 4

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