Article: Zootaxa

Zootaxa 5114 (1): 001–289 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)
https://www.mapress.com/zt/
Copyright © 2022 Magnolia Press
Article ZOOTAXA
ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5114.1.1
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CEB1D607-7833-45EC-A99A-2731505C13A5
Phylum Nematoda: a classification, catalogue and index of valid genera, with a

census of valid species
M. HODDA
Nematode & Insect Biosecurity, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO
GPO Box 1700 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia.
[email protected]
Abstract
A classification of the entire Phylum Nematoda is presented, based on current molecular, developmental and morphological
evidence. The classification reflects the evolutionary relationships within the phylum, as well as significant areas of
uncertainty, particularly related to the early evolution of nematodes. It includes 3 classes, 8 subclasses, 12 superorders,
32 orders, 53 suborders, 101 superfamilies, 276 families, 511 subfamilies, 3030 genera, and 28537 species. All valid
species named from the time of publication of the previous classification and census (2010) to the end of 2019 are listed,
along with the number of valid species in each genus. Taxonomic authorities are provided for taxon names of all ranks.
The habitats where the species in each genus are found are listed, and an alphabetic index of genus names is provided.
The systematics of nematodes is reviewed, along with a history of nematode classification; evolutionary affinities and
origins of nematodes; and the current diagnosis of the group. Short overviews of the general biology, ecology, scientific
and economic importance of the group are presented.
Key words: nematodes, systematics, taxonomy, biodiversity
Introduction
Nematodes are important ecologically and economically (Barker et al. 1994, Hodda & Khudhir 2022, Hodda et al.
2009, Lambshead 1993, 2004, Yeates et al. 2009). They interact in many ways with many different organisms in
many food webs, influence physical processes such as decomposition, carbon and nutrient cycling, and are used for
biomonitoring or indicating broader ecosystem properties like resilience, evolutionary hotspots, energy or nutrient
transfers (Hodda 2021, 2022b). The economic value of nematode parasitism of plants and animals is large (Barker
et al. 1994, Hodda 2009a, b, Sasser & Freckman 1986, Yeates et al. 1993). Furthermore, the economic value can
be positive (when it involves control of pests or weeds) or negative (when it decreases crop or livestock production
or human health) (Hodda 2009a, b). Identifying nematode species is therefore very important.
One of the reasons for nematodes’ large range of interactions with the physical and biological worlds is that
nematodes are very diverse: there are a lot of species and they differ substantially from each other so that there
are many higher taxonomic groups as well as many species. Exactly how many nematode species there are is not
definitively known. The smallest estimate of total number of nematode species is half a million, while the largest is
20 times that—10 million species (Grassle 1989, Grassle & Maciolek 1992, Hodda 2022a, Hodda & Khudhir 2022,
Hugot et al. 2001, Lambshead 1993, Lambshead & Boucher 2003, May 1988, Stork 1993). The extreme variance
in these estimates shows how little is definitively known about nematode species.
We are not even sure of how much we know about nematode species. Estimates of the proportion of nematode
species known vary from much less than 1% to around 5%, making them among the least described taxa, and
certainly the least described of the mega-diverse animal phyla (Andrassy 1999, 2007, Hodda 2022a). Progress in
describing nematode species has been slow, but the rate of descriptions is increasing slowly to the current rate of
about 400 species per year (Hodda 2022a). This is less than 0.1% of the estimated total number of species, but
1.5% of the number of known, described species (Hodda 2022a). What it means is that around 13% or an eighth of
described species have been described in the last 10 years (Hodda 2022a).
Accepted by Z.-Q. Zhang: 24 Dec. 2021; published: 10 Mar. 2022 1

Updates and reconsiderations of nematode classification have not kept up with this rate of new descriptions. A
complete history of nematode classifications was presented in 2007, with additions to 2011 published subsequently
(Hodda 2007, 2011). The last comprehensive, phylogenetic classification of nematodes was published in 2011
as an update of a classification from 2007 (Hodda 2007, 2011). The 2011 classification included the results of
several large-scale sequencing studies of nematodes and did alter the classification somewhat, although many nodes
remained unresolved in the molecular phylogenies (Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007, Nadler et al. 2007,
Smythe et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009). (A list compiled for the Catalogue of Life (COL) in 2016 directly
involved no nematode specialists and represented a consensus of previous classifications rather than an update
including currently understood phylogeny (Ruggiero et al. 2015)). Otherwise, despite the substantial numbers of
new species described and accumulation of genetic information, there has been no update of nematode classification
for the last 10 years.
This paper presents a comprehensive classification of the entire Phylum Nematoda, based on all available
evidence (see below). It includes fossil species, and lists all valid genera, with the number of known species in
each. Known species numbers are also tallied for all taxonomic ranks. Also provided is an alphabetic list of all
genera, the authors of the name, the family, order, and the habitat(s) in which they are found.
Evidence used
The classification is based on morphological, molecular and developmental evidence. Much of this came
from previous classifications of all or part of Nematoda (Adamson 1987, Andrassy 1976, 1984, Chitwood 1937,
1950, Chitwood & Chitwood 1933, De Coninck 1965, Drozdovsy 1981, Filipjev 1934, Filipjev & Schuurmans
Stekhoven 1941, T. Goodey 1951, J.B. Goodey 1963, Heip et al. 1982, Inglis 1983, Lorenzen 1994, Maggenti
1963, 1982, 1991, Malakhov 1986, 1994, Malakhov & Hope 1994, Malakhov et al. 1982, Siddiqi 2000). Most of
these sources make assumptions about certain characteristics being shared among all representatives of particular
taxonomic groups: that is, the classifications are divisive not agglomerative. It may be true that all the members of
a group under these classifications all share particular characteristics, but in most cases this is an extrapolation from
a subset of the included species. In some cases, data from all known species was not assembled. In other cases
data on the particular characteristics was not available for all species and only started being routinely collected as
a result of being proposed as a phylogenetically important attribute. In still other cases, characteristics supposedly
shared among all of a taxonomic group are known to be absent in some members but assumed primarily present and
secondarily lost or modified.
A notable exception to the above is the classification proposed by Lorenzen (1984, 1991). This classification,
covering primarily Chromadoria, was quite explicit in exactly what characteristics had been observed in what species,
and the extrapolations made in assuming all members of particular groups shared these characteristics. There were
quite a few such extrapolations, even though there was an explicit effort to view and record the characteristics of at
least one representative of every major taxonomic group.
The present classification is based on similar assumptions and does not claim to have verified that every
member of every taxonomic group proposed shares all the diagnostic characteristics of the group, be that group a
genus, family, order, class or intermediate taxonomic rank. However, assumptions that particular characteristics
are shared by all members of a taxonomic group (genus, subtribe, tribe, subfamily, family, superfamily, suborder,
order, superorder, subclass, or class) were checked by using specimens or published information from members
of the group (that is, species, genus, subtribe, tribe, subfamily, family, superfamily, suborder, order, superorder, or
subclass, respectively) where they were available. The net result is that most of the taxa at most taxonomic ranks
were at least sampled to ensure that the members of the taxon do share the same diagnostic characteristics, and that
they are the diagnostic characteristics of the taxon.
Molecular phylogenies covering substantial portions of Nematoda also provided substantial evidence for
relationships (Aleshin et al. 1998, Blaxter et al. 2000, De Ley & Blaxter 2002, 2004, Holterman et al. 2006,
Litvaitis et al. 2000, Meldal et al. 2007, Nadler et al. 2007, Smythe et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009). However,
like morphology (above) and development (below), the availability of molecular characteristics that can be used
to infer evolutionary relationships is far from universal among nematode species and larger taxonomic groups.
Furthermore, where genomic information was available, it was not always the same part of the genome in all species,
and therefore informative for comparing species. Even when comparable information was available, it was not
necessarily phylogenetically informative: some nematode species and genera have very similar sequences for the
gene regions most frequently sequenced. The net result of all these considerations is that composition and support
2 · Zootaxa 5114 (1) © 2022 Magnolia Press HODDA

for the various taxonomic groups remained dependent on the particular gene region and the nematodes included
in an analysis, as well as the methods of alignment and phylogenetic reconstruction used. Although many of the
phylogenies produced using molecular data are broadly similar, there are significant differences, and consequently
the classifications implied are only broadly similar. More importantly, there are substantial differences in the
support for many groups and support for many branches is low, meaning that other phylogenies have a similar
likelihood. This means that alternative classifications may be very nearly equally likely to represent the real
evolutionary history.
Irrespective of the taxa included or the methods of analysis, a phylogenetic tree for nematodes based purely on
molecular criteria may be unresolvable due to closely spaced cladogenesis or availability of data for very few genes
across many taxa (Rokas & Carroll 2005, Rokas et al. 2005). Differing rates of evolution in the different lineages
may further complicate resolution of the phylogeny, due to incorrect interpretation of substitutions (Baurain et
al. 2007). Of course, rapid diversification makes an order of branching difficult to resolve using evidence of any
type—molecular, morphological or fossil (Conway Morris 1993).
See below for how the above characteristics of molecular data and the phylogenies inferred from them were
used in the current classification.
Data on development was also used (Aleshin 2004, Baccetti et al. 1983, Justine 2002, Malakhov 1994,
Schierenberg 2005, Schierenberg & Lahl 2004, Voronov et al. 1998, Yushin 2003a,b, Yushin et al. 2002, Yushin
& Malakhov 2004). Developmental pathways are assumed a very basic attribute of multicellular organisms like
nematodes, with a limited number of potentially different ways of producing viable organisms possible. Hence
developmental pathways are likely to be conserved among large phylogenetic groups, and have been used frequently
in classifications of many different types of organisms, particularly for higher taxa, such as phyla or classes. They
have been suggested as providing good evidence for diagnosing classes of nematodes (Voronov et al. 1998).
However, data on development is painstaking to obtain, and hence available for very few species. The species for
which developmental data are available are mostly “model” species which are not representative of any particular
taxonomic group; rather they are chosen because of characteristics which make them amenable to study or of
particular scientific interest. The value of developmental characteristics for classifying nematodes is therefore
limited by the assumptions above.
Data on eggs has been collected for more species of nematodes than has detailed data on developmental
pathways (Christenson 1950). Furthermore, data on egg structure has been collected for a wider range of species
than developmental pathways (Christenson 1950). However, the proportion of nematode species on which there
is data on eggs is still very small, and analyses of its significance for phylogeny and classification are very limited
Therefore, eggs offer limited data for constructing classifications. They are, for example, used for diagnosing,
genera and families of Metastrongylidae on the basis of egg shell thickness and sculpturing (Anderson 1978).
Even with all this data, including a lot on morphology, genetics and development from individual species and
genera, and a lot more inferred from a consensus on the distribution of characteristics among the nematodes for
which data is not available, significant unresolved differences remain in the phylogeny of nematodes. The many
areas of nematode phylogeny remaining unresolved has resulted in considerable volatility in the compositions
of many higher taxa as well as their ranks. Above the level of the genus nematode classification has been—
and continues to be—unstable. In the current classification, the branch points in nematode phylogeny that are
ambiguous, unsupported or differ between studies are regarded as polytomies. This continues the convention of
many previous classifications (T. Goodey 1951, J.B. Goodey 1963, Hodda 2007, Lorenzen 1981, 1994).
It has been argued that nematode classification will always remain incomplete, but that an incomplete system
nevertheless has attractions, provided its incompleteness is recognized (Lorenzen 1994). Incomplete systematic
studies provide a closer approximation of the underlying system and a new starting point for further study (Lorenzen
1994).
The present classification, like all others before it, and those that will come after, is acknowledged imperfect
and incomplete. However, it is presented here because it fills an important gap in our knowedge of nematode
systematics by suggesting a comprehensive classification of the entire phylum using a uniform set of criteria—
including marine, freshwater, and terrestrial taxa, along with free-living taxa and parasites of plants, invertebrates
and vertebrates. And, as suggested, it provides the basis for studies of trends in nematode systematics and trophic
groups (Hodda 2021a, b).
PHYLUM NEMATODA Zootaxa 5114 (1) © 2022 Magnolia Press · 3

Conventions
Nominotypical subfamilies, tribes and subtribes have been inserted in the classification to facilitate electronic
indexing, so that each genus or subgenus is allocated to all taxonomic ranks above, even where not strictly
necessary.
Current names follow the Pearse (1936) system of endings for higher taxa, as advocated by several authors
(Chitwood 1958, Pearse 1936), and in wide use in nematode taxonomy. Earlier authors, and those from the former
USSR, used a different system of endings, and have been cited as authorities if clearly indicating the use of the
name at the particular rank, irrespective of the ending applied to the stem name. In many cases the lower-level taxa
included in a group now differs substantially from those when the name was proposed.
In previous versions of this classification, the authorities cited for taxa above the genus level were the first to
use a name at a particular level, irrespective of the concept represented by the name, and irrespective of uses at
other levels. This convention was followed to provide the maximum information. It allowed readers to apply
the principle of coordination to these names (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2000), while
simultaneously providing information on the use of family-group names to indicate more and less inclusive groups.
In nematodes, the concepts and taxa included within families may vary substantially; compare, for example,
Andrassy (1976), Lorenzen (1994) and Sudhaus (2011). In many cases those first using the names of higher taxa
do not clearly specify all or any of the characteristics of included taxa, and the concepts represented by some family
names have changed considerably since they were first proposed. The first user of a name may not have provided
sufficient diagnostic characteristics to ascertain how a family-group name should be used. In terms of the species
included, many of the original designations of family names include groups no longer considered monophyletic,
especially in the light of the recent molecular evidence, and so again the original user of a name may or may not
be the one defining the group as currently constituted. For these reasons, the author specifying the diagnostic
or apomorphic features, or listing a monophyletic group of species included in a family are often not the original
authorities.
The current classification has applied the principle of coordination so that the original authority for a name from
the family-group down is determined by priority and the type concept (International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature 2000). Because applying the principle of coordination provides less information than the previous
alternative, uses of names at different ranks in the family group are now indicated in parentheses to enable tracing
of use of names in the family group.
The names of species described from calendar years 2011 to 2019 (inclusive) are listed explicitly under their
genus. The names of species described prior to 2011 are not listed unless subject to some taxonomic act, such as
synonymization, reinstatement or assignment to a new combination from 2011 to 2019.
Numbers of species include all those accepted as valid and published before 2020, including fossils and species
described from 2011 to 2019 as specified in the preceding paragraph.
The habitat for each genus is listed in the alphabetic compendium below the taxonomic listing. Trophic
relationships and groups are discussed and presented in a separate paper (Hodda 2022b).
References are included for citations in the text or footnotes only. Taxonomic authorities for taxa in the
classification are listed in the references only for the Family level and above, except for recent species names listed
explicitly other than in the taxonomic section. Where there are multiple authors of names, all are listed. Compound
names are hyphenated and fully capitalized in the classification and alphabetic list, and accented characters in non-
english alphabets are anglicized.
An aim of the classification has been to minimise the changes in taxonomic rank of well-established groups (such
as Suborder Tylenchina), in keeping with a general desire to minimise instability in classifications (International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2000). In practice, names at high taxonomic ranks like Class or Order
are probably used less frequently than those at lower ranks like family or genus. Therefore, additional higher-level
names are preferred to a large number of lower-level ranks. For this reason, superorders are defined (following
Maggenti 1991) and the use of infraorders is eschewed (Blaxter et al. 2000, De Ley & Blaxter 2002, 2004). It may
be that further study will result in some of these higher categories being unambiguously placed within others, but
considerably more evidence will be required for this to occur given current, often contradictory, evidence.

Classification
Phylum Nematoda Cobb, 1932 1 (3 classes, 8 subclasses, 12 superorders, 32 orders, 53 suborders, 101 superfamilies, 275 families,
510 subfamilies, 3030 genera, 284537 species) 2 3 4
Class Enoplea Inglis, 1983 (3 subclasses, 4 superorders, 9 orders, 12 suborders, 19 superfamilies, 35 families, 63 subfamilies,
243 genera, 2297 species) 5
Subclass Enoplia Pearse, 1942 (2 superorders, 6 orders, 8 suborders, 12 superfamilies, 21 families, 39 subfamilies, 145 genera,
1268 species)
Superorder Enoplica Hodda, 2007 (5 orders, 7 suborders, 11 superfamily, 20 families, 38 subfamilies, 143 genera, 1256
species) 6
Order Enoplida Filipjev, 1929 (1 suborder, 3 superfamilies, 6 families, 10 subfamilies, 41 genera, 478 species) 7
Suborder Enoplina Chitwood & Chitwood, 1937 (3 superfamilies, 6 families, 10 subfamilies, 41 genera, 478
species)
Superfamily Enoploidea Baird, 1853 (Schuurmans-Stekhoven & De-Coninck, 1933) (3 families, 5 subfamilies,
23 genera, 286 species)
1 Rudolphi (1808) is often cited as the author of the accepted name of the phylum, which is Nematoda. The first holophyletic diag-
nosis at Phylum rank used the name "Nemates" (Cobb 1932). The latter name has never been in wide use, and the competing claims of
the two names have been discussed extensively (Chitwood 1957, 1958, Dougherty 1958a, 1958b). The International Code of Zoologi-
cal Nomenclature does not insist on citing authorities for taxa above the Family group (ICZN 2000). Following the principle outlined
in previous versions of the classification (Hodda 2007, 2011), Cobb (1932) is cited as authority because his use is the first holophyletic
use, and also the first specifically as a phylum.
The taxonomic rank of the Nematoda has been very controversial in recent times. Some have ranked the nematodes as a phylum (eg
Potts 1932, Pearse 1936, Chitwood 1940, Pearse 1942, Chitwood 1950, Inglis 1983, Maggenti 1991, Goodey 1963), and some as a class (eg
Baylis & Daubney 1926, Filipjev 1929, Rauther 1930, Chitwood & Chitwood 1933, De Coninck & Shuurmans Stekhoven 1933, Andrassy
1976, Malakhov et al. 1982, Malakhov 1986). Most recently there has been some consensus that nematodes are a sufficiently distinct and
well-defined group as to rank as Phylum Nematoda (Blaxter et al. 2000, De Ley & Blaxter 2002, 2004, Hodda 2007, 2011). There is much
closer agreement on the orders of nematodes.
2 The evolutionary affinities of Nematoda have long been controversial (see discussion in Hodda 2007). The most recent molecular evi-
dence has favoured affinities first with Nematomorpha, then with decreasing relationships to Kinorhyncha, Priapulida and Loricifera within a
superphylum Ecdysozoa (Aguinaldo et al. 1997, Dunn et al. 2008). However, significant unresolved differences between phylogenies hypoth-
esised using different taxa, assumptions, methods and lines of evidence remain.
3 The described species of Nematoda highly underestimates the estimated total number of species by a factor generally estimated at between
10 and 50, but which may be up to 3000, giving an estimated total number of species at between 500 000 and 10 000 000 (Brandt et al. 2007,
Grassle 1989, Grassle & Maciolek 1992, Hammond 1992, Hodda & Khudhir 2022, Hugot et al. 2001, Lambshead 1993, May 1988).
4 Ecologically, the phylum has species occurring in every geographic region on earth, probably has parasitic species in every other animal
phylum where the body is significantly larger than the nematodes, has species parasitizing all terrestrial or aquatic and a few marine plants
(mostly externally and below ground, but also internally and in stems and seeds), and has free-living species in every habitat on earth where
liquid water is ever present (including Antarctica and the Arctic sea ice). Trophically, free-living species consume most other types of small-
bodied organisms. Generally, only live organisms are consumed; that is, nematodes are not saprobes.
Broad trophic categories and types of hosts are defined and listed for each genus in a separate publication (Hodda 2022a). The broad
types of environments in which each genus is found are provided in the alphabetic list of genera.
5 Enoplea have unique characters of the sperm nuclear envelope being retained in mature spermatozoa (absent in all other nematodes stud-
ied), no asymmetry in the dividing germ line (present in other nematodes), and no bilateral symmetry during early embryogenesis (present in
other nematodes) (Baccetti et al. 1983, Justine 2002, Malakhov 1994, Schierenberg 2005, Voronov et al. 1998, Yushin 2003a,b). However,
these character states are common in animals outside nematodes, and so they may represent plesiomorphies uninformative for phylogenetic
analysis (Aleshin 2004). Oncholaimida have a nuclear envelope present (Yushin et al. 2002) as an apomorphy, but have affinities with Enoplia
from molecular evidence (Van Megen et al. 2009). Spermatogenesis and development also provide evidence for the separation of Enoplea
from Dorylaimea and Chromadorea (Yushin & Malakhov 2004, Schierenberg & Lahl 2004).
6 Classification generally follows Lorenzen (1994).
7 Originally created as Order Enoplata.

Family Enoplidae Baird, 1853 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 51 species) 8
Subfamily Enoplinae Baird, 1853 (Micoletzky, 1922) (1 genus, 51 species)
Tribe Enoplini Baird, 1853 * (1 genus)
Subtribe Enoplinii Baird, 1853 *
Genus Enoplus Dujardin, 1845 (51 species)
Family Thoracostomopsidae Filipjev, 1927 (3 subfamilies, 21 genera, 234 species)
Subfamily Enoplolaiminae De-Coninck, 1965 (17 genera, 213 species)
Tribe Enoplolaimini De-Coninck, 1965 * (8 genera)
Subtribe Enoplolaiminii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Africanthion Inglis, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Enoplolaimus De Man, 1893 (42 species)
Genus Epacanthion Wieser, 1953 (33 species)
Species ampullatum Lo-Russo, Villares, Martelli, De-Ward & Haruinteguy, 2013
Species bicuspidatum Lo-Russo, Villares, Martelli, De-Ward & Haruinteguy, 2013
Species hirsutum Shi & Xu, 2016
Species fasciculatum Shi & Xu, 2016
Species longicaudatum Shi & Xu, 2016
Species sparsisetae Shi & Xu, 2016
Genus Hyptiolaimus Cobb, 1930 (1 species)
Genus Mesacanthion Filipjev, 1927a (49 species) 9
Species jejuensis Jeong, Tchesunov & Lee, 2019
Genus Mesacanthoides Wieser, 1953a (8 species)
Genus Paramesacanthion Wieser, 1953 (17 species)
Genus Starobogatovia Platonova, 1984 (5 species)
Tribe Enoploidini De-Coninck, 1965 * (4 genera) 10
Subtribe Enoploidinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Enoploides Saveljev, 1912a (8 species)
Genus Filipjevia Kreis, 1928 (1 species)
Genus Metenoploides Wieser, 1953a (2 species)
Genus Parenoplus Filipjev, 1927a (6 species)
Tribe Oxyonchini De-Coninck, 1965 (5 genera) 11
Subtribe Oxyonchinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Cryptenoplus Riemann, 1966a (1 species)
Genus Fenestrolaimus Filipjev, 1927a (4 species)
Genus Oxyonchus Filipjev, 1927 (21 species)
Genus Parasaveljevia Wieser, 1953a (8 species)
Species uncinoa Pastor, Lo-Russo & Villares, 2015
Species limitense Pastor, Lo-Russo & Villares, 2015
Genus Saveljevia Filipjev, 1927a (6 species)
Subfamily Thoracostomopsinae Filipjev, 1927 (De-Coninck, 1965) (3 genera, 11 species)
Tribe Thoracostomopsini Filipjev, 1927 *
Subtribe Thoracostomopsinii Filipjev, 1927 *
Genus Fleuronema Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991 (3 species)
Genus Okranema Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991 (2 species)
Genus Thoracostomopsis Ditlevsen, 1919 (6 species)
Subfamily Trileptiinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (1 genus, 10 species)
Tribe Trileptiini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 * (1 genus)
8 Created as "section Enopliens" by Dujardin (1845), and often cited as author (eg Gerlach & Riemann 1974), but first used explicitly as a
family by Baird (1853).
9 Species number including 8 species inquirenda, but excluding 1 nomen nudum (Jeong et al. 2019).
10 Originally created as subfamily Enoplodinae by De Coninck (1965).
11 Originally created as subfamily Oxyonchinae by De Coninck (1965).

Subtribe Trileptiinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Trileptium Cobb, 1933 (10 species)
Species ribeirensis Vilas-Boas, da-Silva, Alves, de-Castro & Pinhiero-Junior, 2016
Family Palaeoenoploididae Poinar, 2011 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Palaeoenoploidinae Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Palaeoenoploidini Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus)
Subtribe Palaeoenoploidinii Poinar, 2011 *
Genus Palaeoenoploides Mattavelli & Bracchi, 2008 (1 species)
Species alllessandrellianus Mattavelli & Bracchi, 2008 12
Superfamily Anoplostomatoidea Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (Hodda, 2010) (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 3 genera,
30 species) 13
Family Anoplostomatidae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (2 subfamilies, 3 genera, 30 species) 14
Subfamily Anoplostomatinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 * (1 genus, 23 species)
Tribe Anoplostomatini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Subtribe Anoplostomatinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Anoplostoma Buetschli, 1874b (23 species)
Species paraviviparum Li & Guo, 2016
Species tumidum Li & Guo, 2016
Species dubium Allgen, 1959
Species dubium Gagarin, 2015 [junior homonym unresolved at time of going to
press]
Subfamily Chaetonematinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (2 genera, 7 species) 15
Tribe Chaetonematini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Subtribe Chaetonematinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Chaetonema Filipjev, 1927 (6 species)
Genus Donsinema Allgen, 1949 (1 species)
Superfamily Phanodermatoidea Filipjev, 1927 * n. rank (2 families, 3 subfamilies, 15 genera, 162 species)
Family Phanodermatidae Filipjev, 1927 (Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1935) (2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 96
species)
Subfamily Phanodermatinae Filipjev, 1927 (1 genus, 36 species)
Tribe Phanodermatini Filipjev, 1927 *
Subtribe Phanodermatinii Filipjev, 1927 *
Genus Phanoderma Bastian, 1865 (36 species)
Subgenus Alyncoides Wieser, 1953 (5 species)
Subgenus Phanoderma Bastian, 1865 (30 species)
Species koreense Lee & Rho, 2019
Subgenus Inglisinema Platonova, 1984 (1 species)
Subfamily Crenopharynginae Platonova, 1976 (8 genera, 60 species)
Tribe Crenopharyngini Platonova, 1976 *
Subtribe Crenopharynginii Platonova, 1976 *
12 Fossil, cretaceous, Lebanon.

13 Regarded as a superfamily on the basis of molecular evidence (Van Megen et al. 2009), as well as morphological differences (Lorenzen
1994) indicating that the clade is on the same level as the Enoploidea.
14 Some molecular analysis suggests a close affinity to Enoplidae (Pegova et al. 2004). On this basis, only a single superfamily Enoploidea
has been proposed (Smol & Coomans 2006). However, morphological evidence suggests a separate superfamily: the spacious, toothless buccal
cavity surrounded by pharyngeal tissue only in the posterior section, the cephalic capsule lacking mucular insertions, and the constant position
of the gonads to the left of the intestine are all apomorphic (Lorenzen 1994). Molecular analyses in broader contexts also suggest Enoplidae
and Thoracostomopsidae are a separate clade from Anoplostomatidae (Van Megen et al. 2009) or the relationships are unresolved (Meldal et
al. 2007). Hence a separate superfamily is justified.
15 Chaetonematinae originally placed in Enoplidae (Gerlach & Riemann 1974), but subsequently placed in Anoplostomatidae on the basis
of a constant position of the gonads on the left of the intestine (Lorenzen 1994) and accepted by Smol & Coomans (2006).

Genus Crenopharynx Filipjev, 1934 (11 species) 16
Species caudata (Filipjev, 1927) Shimada & Kakui, 2019
syn Phanodermopsis caudata (Filipjev, 1927) Filipjev, 1927
syn Galeonema caudata Filipjev, 1927
Genus Dayellus Inglis, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Klugea Filipjev, 1927a (8 species)
Genus Metaphanoderma Platonova, 1984 (3 species)
Species improvise Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2015
Genus Micoletzkyia Ditlevsen, 1926 (16 species) 17
Species kamchatika Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2015
Species nakanoi Shimada & Kakui, 2019
Genus Paraphanoderma Inglis, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Phanodermella Kreis, 1928 (2 species)
Genus Phanodermopsis Ditlevsen, 1926 (18 species)
Species nana Zograf, Trebukhova & Pavlyuk, 2015
Species longisetae (Chitwood, 1936) Zograf, Trebukhova & Pavlyuk, 2015
syn Crenopharynx longisetae Chitwood, 1936
Species kohtsukai Shimada & Kakui, 2019
Family Anticomidae Filipjev, 1918 (Hope & Murphy, 1972) (1 subfamily, 6 genera, 66 species) 18
Subfamily Anticominae Filipjev, 1918 (6 genera, 66 species)
Tribe Anticomini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Anticominii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Anticoma Bastian, 1865c (49 species)
Genus Anticomopsis Micoletzky & Kreis, 1930 (4 species)
Genus Antopus Cobb, 1933a (1 species)
Genus Cephalanticoma Platonova, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Odontanticoma Platonova, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Paranticoma Micoletzky & Kreis, 1930a (10 species)
Species lepta Phan, Nguyen & Gagarin, 2019
Order Ironida Hodda, 2007 (3 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 7 families, 19 subfamilies, 67 genera, 482 species) 19
Suborder Ironina Siddiqi, 1983 (1 superfamily, 2 families, 4 subfamilies, 11 genera, 74 species)
Superfamily Ironoidea De-Man, 1876 (2 families, 4 subfamilies, 11 genera, 74 species)
Family Ironidae De-Man, 1876 (3 subfamilies, 10 genera, 73 species)
Subfamily Criptonchinae Chitwood, 1937b (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Criptonchini Chitwood, 1937b *
Subtribe Criptonchinii Chitwood, 1937b *
Genus Criptonchus Cobb, 1913 (1 species)
Subfamily Ironinae De-Man, 1876 (Chitwood, 1960) (1 genus, 24 species)
Tribe Ironini De-Man, 1876 *
Subtribe Ironinii De-Man, 1876 *
Genus Ironus Bastian, 1865 (24 species)
Subfamily Thalassironinae Andrassy, 1976 (8 genera, 48 species)
Tribe Thalassironini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Thalassironinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Conilia Gerlach, 1954 (4 species)
Species sinensis Chen & Qing, 2015
16 Following Shimada & Kakui (2019).

17 Following Shimada & Kakui (2019).
18 Regarded as related to the Phanodermatidae on the basis of similarities in the development of the cephalic region (Lorenzen
1994).
19 Classified at order level by Hodda (2007) on the basis of the affinities remaining unresolved (Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007,
Smythe et al. 2006).

Genus Dolicholaimus De-Man, 1888 (10 species)
Genus Enoplochilus Kreis, 1932b (1 species)
Genus Ironella Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Genus Parironus Micoletzsky, 1930 (4 species)
Genus Pheronous Inglis, 1966 (3 species)
Species donghaiensis Chen & Guo, 2015
Genus Thalassironus De-Man, 1889 (13 species)
Species filiformis Huang, Huang & Xu, 2019
Species koreanus Jeong, Tchesunov & Lee, 2019
Genus Trissonchulus Cobb, 1920 (10 species)
Species latispiculum Chen & Guo, 2015
Family Palaeonematidae Poinar, Kerp & Hass, 2008 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Palaeonematinae Poinar, Kerp & Hass, 2008 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Palaeonematini Poinar, Kerp & Hass, 2008 *
Subtribe Palaeonematinii Poinar, Kerp & Hass, 2008 *
Genus Palaeonema Poinar, Kerp & Hass, 2008 (1 species) 20
Suborder Oxystominina Siddiqi, 1983 (2 superfamilies, 3 families, 12 subfamilies, 49 genera, 400 species) 21
Superfamily Oxystominoidea Chitwood, 1935b * (2 families, 11 subfamily, 47 genera, 397 species)
Family Leptosomatidae Filipjev, 1916 (8 subfamilies, 35 genera, 191 species)
Subfamily Barbonematinae Platonova, 1976 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Barbonematini Platonova, 1976 *
Subtribe Barbonematinii Platonova, 1976 *
Genus Barbonema Filipjev, 1927 (3 species) 22
Subfamily Cylicolaiminae Platonova, 1970 (3 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Cylicolaimini Platonova, 1970 *
Subtribe Cylicolaiminii Platonova, 1970 *
Genus Cylicolaimus De-Man, 1889 (5 species)
Genus Metacylicolaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1946 (3 species)
Genus Paracylicolaimus Platonova, 1970 (1 species)
Subfamily Deontostomatinae Belogurov, 1985 (2 genera, 17 species) 23
Tribe Deontostomatini Belogurov, 1985 *
Subtribe Deontostomatinii Belogurov, 1985 *
Genus Deontostoma Filipjev, 1916 (16 species)
Genus Tapia Belogurov & Fadeeva, 1985 (1 species)
Subfamily Leptosomatinae Filipjev, 1916 (9 genera, 49 species)
Tribe Leptosomatini Filipjev, 1916 *
Subtribe Leptosomatinii Filipjev, 1916 *
Genus Bongersia Platonova, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Leptosomatides Filipjev, 1918 (9 species)
Genus Leptosomatina Allgen, 1951 (3 species) 24
Genus Leptosomatum Bastian, 1865 (29 species)
Genus Leptosomella Filipjev, 1927 (2 species)
Genus Orthophallonema Bongers, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Paraleptosomatoides Mawson, 1956 (2 species)
20 Fossil, devonian chert, Scotland.

21 Originally placed in order Alaimida on the basis of superficial morphological similarity, mainly in the buccal cavity and head region, but
here regarded as a suborder of Ironida on the basis of molecular evidence, plus morphological similarity of the amphid and reproductive system.
Regarded as a suborder because this is a distinct group within Ironida.
22 Placed in Leptosomatidae by most authors (De Coninck 1965, Platonova 1970, 1976, Gerlach & Riemann 1974 and Lorenzen 1994).
Gerlach & Riemann (1974) did not regard the subfamily as valid.
23 Deontostomatinae not mentioned in Lorenzen (1994).
24 Genus dubium for Lorenzen (1994).

Genus Ritenbenkia Allgen, 1957 (1 species) 25
Genus Tubolaimella Cobb in Cobb, 1933a (1 species)
Subfamily Platycominae Platonova, 1976 (5 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Platycomini Platonova, 1976 *
Subtribe Platycominii Platonova, 1976 *
Genus Platycoma Cobb, 1894 (6 species)
Genus Platycomopsis Ditlevsen, 1926 (5 species) 26
Genus Proplatycoma Platonova, 1976 (1 species)
syn Pilosinema Platonova, 1976
Genus Pseudoplatycoma Chen, 2014 (3 species)
Species malaysianis Chen, 2014
Genus Syringoplatycoma nom. nov. pro Syringolaimus Hope & Murphy, 1969b nec De-
-Man, 1889 (1 species) 27
syn Syringolaimus Hope & Murphy, 1969b nec De-Man, 1889 28
Species elegans Tchesunov, 2017
Subfamily Synonchinae Platonova, 1970 (11 genera, 26 species)
Tribe Synonchini Platonova, 1970 *
Subtribe Synonchinii Platonova, 1976 *
Genus Anivanema Platonova, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Corythostoma Wieser, 1956b (3 species)
Genus Eusynonchus Platonova, 1970 (2 species)
Genus Macronchus Inglis, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Paratuerkiana Platonova, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Platonova Mordukhovich, Semenchenko, Fadeeva & Zograf, 2019 (4 species)
Species magna Mordukhovich, Semenchenko, Fadeeva & Zograf, 2019
Species verecunda Mordukhovich, Semenchenko, Fadeeva & Zograf, 2019
Genus Sadkonavis Platonova, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Synonchoides Wieser, 1956b (1 species)
Genus Synonchus Cobb, 1894c (10 species)
Subgenus Fiacra Southern, 1914 (4 species)
Subgenus Jaegerskioeldia Filipjev, 1916 (2 species)
Subgenus Synonchus Cobb, 1894c (4 species)
Genus Triaulolaimus Platonova, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Tuerkiana Platonova, 1970 (1 species)
Subfamily Thoracostomatinae De-Coninck, 1965 (2 genera, 69 species)
Tribe Thoracostomatini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Thoracostomatinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Pseudocella Filipjev, 1927 (26 species)
Genus Thoracostoma Marion, 1870 (43 species)
Subfamily Triceronematinae Belogurov & Fadeeva, 1985 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Triceronematini Belogurov & Fadeeva, 1985 *
Subtribe Triceronematinii Belogurov & Fadeeva, 1985 *
Genus Pseudotriceratoma Belogurov & Fadeeva, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Triceratonema Platonova, 1976 (1 species)
Family Oxystominidae Chitwood, 1935b (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (3 subfamilies, 12
genera, 206 species) 29
Subfamily Halalaiminae Chitwood, 1935b (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 genus, 85 species)
25 Genus dubium in Lorenzen (1994).

26 Following revision by Chen (2015).
27 Junior homonym of Syringolaimus De Man 1888 (Rhabdolaimidae).
28 Junior homonym of Syringolaimus De Man 1888 (Rhabdolaimidae).
29 Created as subfamily Oxystomatinae by Filipjev (1918), and Oxystomininae by Chitwood (1935).

Tribe Halalaimini Chitwood, 1935b *
Subtribe Halalaiminii Chitwood, 1935b *
Genus Halalaimus De-Man, 1888 (85 species)
Subgenus Halalaimus De-Man, 1888 (78 species)
Species longipharynx Gagarin & Thanh, 2018
Species parvulus Gagarin & Thanh, 2018
Subgenus Nualaimus Juario, 1974 (7 species)
Subfamily Oxystomininae Chitwood, 1935b (9 genera, 116 species)
Tribe Oxystominini Chitwood, 1935b *
Subtribe Oxystomininii Chitwood, 1935b *
Genus Angustinema Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 30
Genus Bolbinium Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Hyalaimus Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Litinium Cobb, 1920 (20 species) 31
Species abyssorum Tchesunov, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Species australis Martelli, Lo-Russo, Villares & Pastor-De-Ward, 2017
Species conoicaudatum Huang, Sun & Huang, 2017
Species curticauda Tchesunov, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Species dispariseta Yu & Xu, 2018
Species profundorum Tchesunov, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Species quangi Tchesunov, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Genus Litonema Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Nemanema Cobb, 1920 (14 species)
Species minutum Sun, Huang & Huang, 2018
Genus Oxystomina Filipjev, 1918 (37 species)
Species minor Nguyen, Gagarin, Phan, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2016
Genus Thalassoalaimus De-Man, 1893 (26 species)
Species crassicadatus Huang, Sun & Huang, 2017
Species nestori Martelli, Lo-Russo, Villares & Pastor-De-Ward, 2017
Genus Wieseria Gerlach, 1956c (15 species)
Species minor Yu & Xu, 2018
Species sinica Huang, Sun & Huang, 2018
Species tenuisa Huang, Sun & Huang, 2018
Subfamily Paroxystomininae De-Coninck, 1965 (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Paroxystominini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Paroxystomininii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Maldivea Gerlach, 1962 (3 species)
Species complexa Samprucci & Balsamo, 2019
Genus Paroxystomina Micoletzky, 1924 (2 species)
Superfamily Andrassyoidea Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 * n. rank (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 3 species)
Family Andrassyidae Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 3 species) 32
Subfamily Andrassyinae Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 * (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Andrassyini Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 *
Subtribe Andrassyinii Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 *
Genus Andrassya Brzeski, 1960 (2 species)
Genus Malakhovia Tchesunov & Gagarin, 1999 (1 species)
30 Dubious placement according to Lorenzen (1994).

31 Excluding a nomen nudum (Bussau 1993).
32 Shares a number of morphological characteristics with Rhabdolaimidae (Tchesunov & Gagarin 1999). Other characters are in an unusual
combination. Molecular data is lacking. The family may warrant a separate suborder. More investigation is warranted (Smythe 2015).

Suborder Campydorina Jairajpuri, 1983 (1 superfamily, 2 families, 3 subfamilies, 7 genera, 8 species) 33
Superfamily Campydoroidea Thorne, 1935 (Jairajpuri Ahmad & Bajaj, 1976) (2 families, 3 subfamilies, 7
Family Campydoridae Thorne, 1935 (Clark, 1961) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 2 species)
Subfamily Campydorinae Thorne, 1935 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Campydorini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Campydorinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Campydora Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Campydoroides Holovachov, 2019 (1 species)
Species manautei Holovachov, 2019
Family Rhabdolaimidae Chitwood, 1951 (Gerlach & Riemann, 1974) (2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 6 species) 35
Subfamily Rhabdolaiminae Chitwood, 1951 (4 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Rhabdolaimini Chitwood, 1951 *
Subtribe Rhabdolaiminii Chitwood, 1951 *
Genus Rhabdolaimus De-Man, 1880 (1 species)
syn Pseudorhabdolaimus Soos, 1937 (Holovachov, 2019)
Genus Rogerus Hoeppli & Chu, 1934 (2 species)
Genus Mediolaimus Tahseen, Sultana, Khan & Hussain, 2012 (1 species)
Genus Syringolaimus De-Man, 1888 nec Hope & Murphy, 1969b in Leptosomatidae (1
species)
syn Halirhabdolaimus Siddiqi, 2012 (Holovachov, 2019)
Subfamily Monochromadorinae Andrassy, 1958 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Monochromadorini Andrassy, 1958 *
Subtribe Monochromadorinii Andrassy, 1958 *
Genus Udonchus Cobb, 1937 (1 species)
syn Monochromadora Goodey, 1951 (Shiemer, 1978)
Order Tripyloidida Hodda, 2007 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 89 species)
Suborder Tripyloidina De-Coninck, 1965 (2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 89 species)
Superfamily Tripyloidoidea Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 7 genera, 58 species)
Family Tripyloididae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (1 subfamily, 7 genera,
58 species)
Subfamily Tripyloidinae Filipjev, 1918 (7 genera, 58 species)
Tribe Tripyloidini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Tripyloidinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Arenasoma Yeates, 1967 (1 species)
33 Originally affinities were uncertain (Jairajpuri et al. 1976), but later proposed under order Dorylaimida (Jairajpuri 1983), but very soon
afterwards proposed independently in the order Enoplida (Siddiqi 1983). Hodda (2007) placed Campydorida as an order under Enoplica, on the
basis of molecular evidence (Mullin et al. 2003). More recent molecular analyses suggest affinities with Ironina (Van Megen et al. 2009), so the
group is now placed as a suborder within Ironida. Morphological characters can be interpreted in many ways, so do not provide unambiguous
evidence for phylogeny.
Molecular evidence suggests affinities between the genera Campydora, Rhabdolaimus and Syringolaimus (Bik et al. 2010, Leduc et al.
2018, Meldal et al. 2007, Shokoohi et al. 2013, Smythe 2015, van Megen et al. 2009). These genera all have a well-developed basal bulb, and
Syringolaimus also has a monorchic male reproductive system similar to that in Campydora and Rogerus (Hoeppli & Chu 1932, Tchesunov
2017, Winiszewska 2001), while it is diorchic in other genera of Ironina (Chen & Guo 2015, Shokoohi et al. 2013).
34 Following Holovachov (2019).
35 Placed in Leptolaimoidea (Plectida) by De Ley & Blaxter (2004). Some molecular evidence suggests affinities with some Enoplida,
Oncholaimida, and Tripylida (Holterman et al. 2006). The position of the genus Syringolaimus needs clarification, but if included in the Rhab-
dolaimidae, then the Rhabdolaimidae fits with Enoplica on molecular evidence (Meldal et al. 2007). The Rhabdolaimidae can be placed in
Enoplida on the morphological characters of non-sprial and pocket shaped amphids (Lorenzen 1994). Curiously, Lorenzen (1994) excluded
Syringolaimus from Rhabdolaimidae, placing it instead in Ironidae. Maggenti (1963) included the genus in Rhabdolaimidae. Placed as a
suborder of Ironida in the current classification on the basis of the similarity of three anteriorly-placed teeth in an elongate buccal cavity, and
an unequivocal placement within Ironida on molecular evidence (Van Megen et al. 2009).

Genus Bathylaimus Cobb, 1894c (35 species)
Species denticulatus Chen & Guo, 2014
Genus Diplobathylaimus Allgen, 1959 (1 species) 36
Genus Gairleanema Warwick & Platt, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Ingenia Gerlach, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Paratripyloides Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1950 (3 species)
Genus Tripyloides De-Man, 1886 (16 species)
Species amoyensis Fu, Zeng, Zhou, Tan & Cai, 2018
Species mangrovensis Fu, Zeng, Zhou, Tan & Cai, 2018
Superfamily Trischistomatoidea Andrassy, 2007 (Zhao, 2011) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 31 species) 37
Family Trischitomatidae Andrassy, 2007 (Zhao, 2011) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 31 species)
Subfamily Trischistomatinae Andrassy, 2007 (2 genera, 31 species)
Tribe Trischistomatini Andrassy, 2007 *
Subtribe Trischistomatinii Andrassy, 2007 *
Genus Trischistoma Cobb, 1913 (23 species)
Species abharensis Asghari, Eskandari, Maafi, Zhao, Alvarez-Ortega &
Nadirkhanloo, 2015
Species corticulensis Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species iandrassyi Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species helicoformis Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species ripariana Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species rorkabanarum Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species taiguensis Xu, Zhao & Wang, 2015
Genus Tripylina Brzeski, 1964 (8 species)
Order Alaimida Siddiqi, 1983 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 142 species) 38
Suborder Alaimina Clark, 1961 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 142 species)
Superfamily Alaimoidea Micoletzky, 1922 (1 family, 3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 142 species)
Family Alaimidae Micoletzky, 1922 (3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 142 species)
Subfamily Alaiminae Micoletzky, 1922 (2 genera, 58 species)
Tribe Alaimini Micoletzky, 1922 *
Subtribe Alaiminii Micoletzky, 1922 *
Genus Alaimus De-Man, 1880 (52 species)
Genus Cosalaimus Siddiqi, 1993 (6 species)
Subfamily Amphidelinae Andrassy, 2002 (10 genera, 76 species)
Tribe Amphidelini Andrassy, 2002 *
Subtribe Amphidelinii Andrassy, 2002 *
Genus Amphidelus Thorne, 1939 (20 species)
Genus Caviputa Siddiqi, 1993 (10 species)
Genus Etamphidelus Andrassy, 1977 (10 species)
Genus Laxamphidelus Siddiqi, 1993 (6 species)
Genus Megamphidelus Siddiqi, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Metamphidelus Clausi & Vinciguerra, 1995 (3 species)
Genus Paramphidelus Andrassy, 1977 (23 species)
Genus Postamphidelus Siddiqi, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Scleralaimus Siddiqi, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Scleramphidelus Clausi & Vinciguerra, 1995 (1 species)
Subfamily Cristamphidelinae Andrassy, 2002 (1 genus, 8 species)
36 Genus dubium according to Lorenzen (1994).

37 The family Tobrilidae has included the genus Trischistoma (Holterman & Holovachov 2007, Zullini 2006), but more recently it was clas-
sified as a superfamily within Tripyloidina on the basis of molecular and morphological evidence (Zhao 2011).
38 Alaimidae have been placed in Dorylaimea on the basis of the positions and orifices of the oesophageal glands and the amphidial apertures
of some genera, and Enoplea on the basis of other characters. Molecular analyses consistently point to an affinity with Enoplea.

Tribe Cristamphidelini Andrassy, 2002 *
Subtribe Cristamphidelinii Andrassy, 2002 *
Genus Cristamphidelus Siddiqi & Vinciguerra, 1991 (8 species)
Order Trefusiida Lorenzen, 1981 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 4 families, 4 subfamilies, 13 genera, 65 species) 39
Suborder Trefusiina Siddiqi, 1983 (1 superfamily, 4 families, 4 subfamilies, 13 genera, 65 species)
Superfamily Trefusioidea Gerlach, 1966 (Hodda, 2007) (4 families, 4 subfamilies, 13 genera, 65 species)
Family Lauratonematidae Gerlach, 1953 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 16 species)
Subfamily Lauratonematinae Gerlach, 1953 * (3 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Lauratonematini Gerlach, 1953 *
Subtribe Lauratonematinii Gerlach, 1953 *
Genus Lauratonema Gerlach, 1953 (13 species)
Species dongshanense Chen & Guo, 2015
Species macrostoma Chen & Guo, 2015
Genus Lauratonemella Tchesunov, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Lauratonemoides De-Coninck, 1965 (2 species)
Family Simpliconematidae Blome & Schrage, 1985 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subfamily Simpliconematinae Blome & Schrage, 1985 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Simpliconematini Blome & Schrage, 1985 *
Subtribe Simpliconematinii Blome & Schrage, 1985 *
Genus Simpliconema Blome & Schrage, 1985 (3 species)
Family Trefusiidae Gerlach, 1966 (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 41 species)
Subfamily Trefusiinae Gerlach, 1966 (7 genera, 41 species)
Tribe Trefusiini Gerlach, 1966 *
Subtribe Trefusiinii Gerlach, 1966 *
Genus Africanema Vincx & Furstenberg, 1988 (3 species) 40
Species multipapillatum Shi & Xu, 2018
Genus Cytolaimium Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Halanonchus Cobb, 1920 (9 species)
Genus Rhabdocoma Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Genus Trefusia De-Man, 1893 (21 species)
Genus Trefusialaimus Riemann, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Trichenoplus Mawson, 1956 (1 species)
Family Xenellidae De-Coninck, 1965 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 5 species)
Subfamily Xenellinae De-Coninck, 1965 * (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Xenellini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Xenellinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Porocoma Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Xenella Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Superorder Rhaptothyreica n. rank (1 order, 1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species) 41
Order Rhaptothyreida Tchesunov, 1997 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Suborder Rhaptothyreina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Superfamily Rhaptothyreiodea Hope & Murphy, 1969 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera,
12 species)
Family Rhaptothyreidae Hope & Murphy, 1969 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Subfamily Rhaptothyreinae Hope & Murphy, 1969 * (2 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Rhaptothyreini Hope & Murphy, 1969 *
39 A very diverse group, paraphyletic on both molecular and morphological evidence (Holterman et al. 2006, Lorenzen 1994, Rusin et al.
2001), with part in Enoplea and part in Tripylea. Placed provisionally in Enoplica because this is assumed basal. Revision required.
40 Placed in Trefusiidae by Vincx & Furstenberg (1988) on morphological evidence and Shi & Xu (2018) on molecular evidence, but in
Tripyloididae by Andrassy (2007) on morphology.
41 Unplaced in Hodda (2007). Placed as a superorder because affinities within Enoplia are still uncertain, but it falls within a broadened
definition of the subclass.

Subtribe Rhaptothyreinii Hope & Murphy, 1969 *
Genus Agamospirura Henry & Sisoff, 1913 (10 species)
Genus Rhaptothyreius Hope & Murphy, 1969 (2 species)
Subclass Oncholaimia Hodda, 2007 (1 superorder, 1 order, 1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 3 families, 9 subfamilies, 56 genera,
534 species)
Superorder Oncholaimica Hodda, 2007 (1 order, 1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 3 families, 9 subfamilies, 56 genera, 534
species)
Order Oncholaimida Siddiqi, 1983 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 3 families, 9 subfamilies, 56 genera, 534 species) 42
Suborder Oncholaimina De-Coninck, 1965 (1 superfamily, 3 families, 9 subfamilies, 56 genera, 534 species)
Superfamily Oncholaimoidea Filipjev, 1916 (De-Coninck, 1965) (3 families, 9 subfamilies, 56 genera, 534
species)
Family Oncholaimidae Filipjev, 1916 (7 subfamilies, 36 genera, 338 species)
Subfamily Adoncholaiminae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (5 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Adoncholaimini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Subtribe Adoncholaiminii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Admirandus Belogurov & Belagurova, 1979 (3 species)
Species multicavus Mordukhovich, Atopkin, Fadeeva, Yagodina & Zograf, 2015
Genus Adoncholaimus Filipjev, 1918 (27 species)
Species daikokuensis Shimada & Kajihara, 2014
Species minor Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Species pseudofervidus Shimada & Kajihara, 2014
Species ussuriensis Mordukhovich Atopkin Fadeeva Yagodina & Zograf, 2015
Genus Kreisoncholaimus Rachor, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Metoncholaimoides Wieser, 1953 (3 species)
Species medispiculatum Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Genus Meyersia Hopper, 1967 (5 species)
Subfamily Krampiinae De-Coninck, 1965 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Krampiini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Krampiinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Krampia Ditlevsen, 1921 (3 species)
Subfamily Octonchinae De-Coninck, 1965 (3 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Octonchini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Octonchinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Octonchus De-Coninck, 1965 (2 species)
Genus Paroctonchus Shi & Xu, 2016 (1 species)
Species nanjiensis Shi & Xu, 2016
Genus Patagonema Pastor-De-Ward, Lo-Russo & Villares, 2015 (1 species)
Species iubatum Pastor-De-Ward, Lo-Russo & Villares, 2015
Subfamily Oncholaimellinae De-Coninck, 1965 (5 genera, 31 species)
Tribe Oncholaimellini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Oncholaimellinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Cacolaimus Kreis, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Oncholaimelloides Timm, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Oncholaimellus De-Man, 1890 (20 species)
Species multiporus Neres, Da-Silva, De-Miranda-Junior, Fonseca-Genevois &
Esteves, 2014
Species intersexus Neres, Da-Silva, De-Miranda-Junior, Fonseca-Genevois &
Esteves, 2014
42 Placed as a separate class by Hodda (2007), on the basis of the morphological apomorphy of the spermatozoa having a nuclear envelope
present (Yushin et al. 2002). Supported as a distinct clade, but with relationships on molecular evidence either unresolved (Meldal et al. 2007)
or with affinities to Tripylida (Holterman et al. 2006) or Enoplia (Litvaitis et al. 2000, Van Megen et al. 2009), and on morphological evidence
with affinities to both Tripylida and Enoplida.

Species distortus Neres, Da-Silva, De-Miranda-Junior, Fonseca-Genevois &
Esteves, 2014
Species paulus Neres, Da-Silva, De-Miranda-Junior, Fonseca-Genevois &
Esteves, 2014
Species sineporus Neres, Da-Silva, De-Miranda-Junior, Fonseca-Genevois &
Esteves, 2014
Genus Oncholaimoides Chitwood, 1937 (3 species)
Genus Viscosia De-Man, 1890 (6 species)
syn Mononcholaimus Kreis, 1924 (Lorenzen, 1981)
Subfamily Oncholaiminae Filipjev, 1916 (10 genera, 192 species)
Tribe Oncholaimini Filipjev, 1916 *
Subtribe Oncholaiminii Filipjev, 1916 *
Genus Dentolaimoides Khan, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Doryonchus Kreis, 1932 (1 species) 43
Genus Fotolaimus Belogurova & Belagurov, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Metaparoncholaimus De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (5 species)
Genus Metoncholaimus Filipjev, 1918 (30 species)
Species isopapillatus Tahseen, Siddiqi & Mustaqim, 2016
Species medispiculatum Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Species paracavatus Lo-Russo & Pastor-De-Ward, 2019
Species perdisus Lo-Russo & Pastor-De-Ward, 2019
Species sanmatiensis Lo-Russo & Pastor-De-Ward, 2019
Species siddiqii Shahina, Nasira & Shamim, 2015
Genus Oncholaimus Dujardin, 1845 (129 species)
Species dimorphicus Tahseen, Siddiqi & Mustaqim, 2016
Species dyvae Zeppili, Bellec, Cambon-Bonavita, Decraemer, Fontaneto, Fuchs,
Gayet, Mandon, Michel, Portail, Smol, Sorensen, Vanreusel &
Sarrazin, 2019
Species langhovdensis Shimada, Suzuki, Tsujimoto, Imura & Kakui, 2017
Species minor Chen & Guo, 2014
Species paraoxyuris Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Species siddiqii Tauheed & Ahmad, 2016
Species xiamenense Chen & Guo, 2014
Species zhangi Gao & Huang, 2017
Genus Phylloncholaimus Bussau, 1995 (2 species)
Species palmaris Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2015
Genus Proncholaimus Micoletzky 1924 (13 species)
Species tani Chen Nguyen & Smol, 2015
Genus Pseudoncholaimus Kreis, 1932 (9 species)
Genus Weisoncholaimus Inglis, 1966 (1 species)
Subfamily Pelagonematinae De-Coninck, 1965 (10 genera, 29 species)
Tribe Pelagonematini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Pelagonematinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Anoncholaimus Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Asymmetrella Cobb, 1920 (1 species) 44
Genus Bradybucca Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Curvolaimus Wieser, 1953 (5 species)
Genus Illium Cobb, 1920 (2 species) 45
Genus Pelaogonema Cobb, 1893 (13 species)
43 Genus dubium incertae sedis (Chitwood 1960, Lorenzen 1994).

44 Genus dubium (Hope & Murphy 1972), incertae sedis (Lorenzen 1994).
45 Genus dubium (Hope & Murphy 1972) incertae sedis (Lorenzen 1994).

Genus Pelagonemella Kreis, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Pseudopelagonema Kreis, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Phaenoncholaimus Kreis, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Vasculonema Kreis, 1928 (2 species)
Subfamily Pontonematinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (2 genera, 40 species)
Tribe Pontonematini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Subtribe Pontonematinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Filoncholaimus Filipjev, 1927 (5 species)
Genus Pontonema Leidy, 1855 (35 species)
Species golfonuevensis Villares, Lo-Russo & Pastor-De-Ward, 2015
Family Enchelidiidae Filipjev, 1918 (1 subfamily, 19 genera, 191 species)
Subfamily Enchelidiinae Filipjev, 1918 (19 genera, 191 species) 46
Tribe Enchelidiini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Enchelidiinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Abelbolla Huang & Zhang, 2004 (7 species)
Species major Jiang, Wang & Huang, 2015
Species maemulensis Hong & Lee, 2014
Genus Aronema Fadeeva & Belogurov, 1988 (2 species)
Genus Bathyeurystomina Lambshead & Platt, 1979 (4 species)
Species minima Nasira, Shahina & Shamim, 2014
Genus Belbolla Andrassy, 1973 (12 species)
Species gracilis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Species longispiculata Nasira, Shahina & Shamim, 2014
Species vietnamica Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Genus Bolbellia Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (6 species)
Genus Calyptronema Marion, 1870 (19 species)
Subgenus Calyptronema Marion, 1870 (6 species)
Subgenus Catalaimus Cobb, 1920 (13 species)
Genus Ditlevsenella Filipjev, 1927 (4 species)
Genus Enchelidiella Allgen, 1954 (1 species) 47
Genus Enchelidium Ehrenberg, 1836 (8 species)
Genus Eurystomina Filipjev, 1921 (47 species)
Genus Ledovitia Filipjev, 1927 (10 species)
Species brevis Hong & Lee, 2014
Genus Lyranema Timm, 1961a (1 species)
Genus Pareurystomina Micoletzky & Kreis, 1930 (20 species)
Genus Polygastrophora De-Man, 1922 (17 species)
Species novenbulba Jiang, Wang & Huang, 2015
Genus Polygastrophoides Sun & Huang, 2016 (1 species)
Species elegans Sun & Huang, 2016
Genus Pseudodilaimus Kreis, 1928 (1 species) 48
Genus Symplocostoma Bastian, 1865 (23 species)
Species brasiliensis Nares, Fonseca-Genevois & Esteves, 2013
Genus Symplocostomella Micoletzky & Kreis, 1930 (4 species)
Genus Thoonchus Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Family Thalassogeneridae Loof & Zullini, 2000 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species)
46 Subfamily Symplocostomatinae Filipjev 1918 was rejected by Lorenzen (1994) because the otherwise apomorphic features of a pharyn-
geal bulb, sexual dimorphism in the structure of the buccal cavity, and dorsally spiral amphids are shared between the subfamilies. Likewise
Belbolinae Andrassy 1976, Thoonchinae Gerlach & Riemann 1974, Pareurystomininae Andrassy 1976 and Aronematinae Fadeeva & Belogu-
rov 1988 lack diagnostic characters (Lorenzen 1994, Smol & Coomans 2006).
47 Genus dubium in Gerlach & Riemann (1974).
48 Inadequately described, genus dubium and incertae sedis: unplaced by Lorenzen (1994).

Subfamily Thalassogenerinae Loof & Zullini, 2000 * (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Thalassogenerini Loof & Zullini, 2000 *
Subtribe Thalassogenerinii Loof & Zullini, 2000 *
Genus Thalassogenus Andrassy, 1973 (5 species) 49
Subclass Triplonchia Hodda, 2007 (1 superorder, 2 orders, 3 suborders, 6 superfamilies, 11 families, 15 subfamilies, 42
Superorder Triplonchica Hodda, 2007 (2 orders, 3 suborders, 6 superfamilies, 11 family, 15 subfamilies, 42 genera, 495
species)
Order Triplonchida Cobb, 1920 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 10 genera, 155 species) 51
Suborder Diphtherophorina Coomans & Loof, 1970 (2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 10 genera,
155 species)
Superfamily Diphtherophoroidea Thorne, 1935 (Clark, 1961) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 54 species)
Family Diphtherophoridae Thorne, 1935 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 54 species)
Subfamily Diphtherophorinae Thorne, 1935 * (3 genera, 54 species)
Tribe Diphtherophorini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Diphtherophorinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Diphtherophora Micoletzky, 1922 (37 species)
Species chinensis Mahamood, Li, Keshari & Liang, 2015
Species geraerti Ghaderi, Kashi, Karani & Karegar, 2017
Genus Longibulbophora Yeates, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Tylolaimophorus De-Man, 1880 (15 species)
Superfamily Trichodoroidea Thorne, 1935 (Siddiqi, 1974) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 7 genera, 101 species)
Family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Clark, 1961) (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 101 species)
Subfamily Trichodorinae Thorne, 1935 (7 genera, 101 species)
Tribe Trichodorini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Trichodorinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Allotrichodorus Rodriguez-M, Sher & Siddiqi, 1978 (6 species)
Genus Atlantadorus Siddiqi, 1974 (1 species) 52
Genus Ecuadorus Siddiqi, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Monotrichodorus Andrassy, 1976 (8 species)
Genus Nanidorus Siddiqi, 1974 (3 species) 53
Genus Paratrichodorus Siddiqi, 1974 (30 species) 54
Species almadenensis Decraemer, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Archidona-Yuste,
Varela-Benavides, Gutierrz-Gutierrez, Castillo & Palomares-
-Rius, 2019
49 Placed in Pelagonematinae Oncholaimidae Oncholaimoidea Oncholaimina Oncholaimida by Andrassy (1973), but transferred to Monon-
chidae by Jensen (1976) and Lorenzen (1994).
50 Triplonchia was placed as the only subclass in Class Tripylea in previous classifications (Hodda 2007), on the basis of ambiguous mor-
phological evidence, and weak (55-66%) or low molecular support for the dichotomous division of Nematoda into Enoplea and Chromadorea
(Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2006, Smythe et al. 2006), making a polytomy of Enoplea, Chromadorea, Tripylea, and Dorylaimea the
only justified assumption. One species—Tobrilus diversipapillatus—has a gastrulation pattern highly common in animal kingdom, but un-
common in nematodes (Schierenberg 2005). Information on the patterns of gastrulation in other Triplonchia, Enoplea and Dorylaimea could
potentially provide resolution for the early phylogeny of nematodes. In the absence of morphological or developmental evidence, recent mo-
lecular analyses show some affinities between the former Tripylea and the former Enoplea (Van Megen et al. 2009), so Tripylea is now placed
as a subclass with the sole subclass of the former Enoplea in an enlarged class Enoplea.
51 Cobb (1920) used the name Triplonchia as an order, but this pre-dates the adoption of uniform endings for the names of higher taxa, so is
credited as the authority here. Siddiqi (1983) was the first to propose the name at order level in its current form.
52 Originally proposed as subgenus of Paratrichodorus, but raised to genus by Siddiqi (1980). Synonym of Paratrichodorus by Decraemer
& de Waele (1981).
53 Originally proposed as subgenus of Paratrichodorus, but raised to genus by Siddiqi (1980). Synonym of Paratrichodorus by Decraemer
& de Waele (1981).
54 According to Decraemer et al. (2019).

Species ramblensis Decraemer, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Archidona-Yuste,
Varela-Benavides, Gutierrz-Gutierrez, Castillo & Palomares-
-Rius, 2019
Genus Trichodorus Cobb, 1913 (52 species) 55
Species iranicus Pedram & Pourjam, 2014
syn Trichodorus golestanensis Heydari, Maafi & Decraemer, 2014 56
Species zanjanensis Asghari, Eskandari, Maafi & Decraemer, 2018
Order Tripylida Siddiqi, 1983 (2 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 9 families, 13 subfamilies, 32 genera, 340 species)
Suborder Tripylina Andrassy, 1974 (2 superfamilies, 5 families, 8 subfamilies, 17 genera, 266 species) 57
Superfamily Tripyloidea De-Man, 1876 (Clark, 1961) (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 65 species)
Family Tripylidae De-Man, 1876 (2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 65 species)
Subfamily Tobriliinae Andrassy, 2007 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Tobriliini Andrassy, 2007 *
Subtribe Tobriliinii Andrassy, 2007 *
Genus Tobrilia Andrassy, 1967 (2 species)
Subfamily Tripylinae De-Man, 1876 (3 genera, 63 species)
Tribe Tripylini De-Man, 1876 *
Subtribe Tripylinii De-Man, 1876 *
Genus Multidens Mukhina, 1978 (1 species) 58
Genus Tripyla Bastian, 1865 (43 species)
Species alekseeva Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Species paraffinis Asghari, Eskandari, Maafi, Alvarez-Ortega & Zhao, 2017
Species parafilicaudata Asghari, Eskandari, Maafi, Alvarez-Ortega & Zhao, 2017
Species mposolskii Gagarin & Naumova, 2016
Genus Tripylella Brzeski & Winiszewska-Slipinska, 1993 (19 species)
Species australis Xu, Zhao, Davies & Wang, 2017
Species jianjuni Xu, Leduc, Ye & Zhao, 2018
Species dentata Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species fatimaesis Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species mexicana Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species muscusi Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species quitoensis Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016
Species subintermedia Zhao, Xi & Xu, 2014
Superfamily Tobriloidea De-Coninck, 1965 (4 families, 6 subfamilies, 13 genera, 201 species)
Family Pandolaimidae Belogurov, 1980 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species)
Subfamily Pandolaiminae Belogurov, 1980 * (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Pandolaimini Belogurov, 1980 *
Subtribe Pandolaiminii Belogurov, 1980 *
Genus Pandolaimus Allgen, 1929 (5 species)
Family Rhabdodemaniidae Filipjev, 1934 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 17 species)
Subfamily Rhabdodemaniinae Filipjev, 1934 * (1 genus, 17 species)
Tribe Rhabdodemaniini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Rhabdodemaniinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Rhabdodemania Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (17 species)
Family Tobrilidae De-Coninck, 1965 (3 subfamilies, 10 genera, 178 species) 59
55 The genus name Trichodora has page priority in Cobb 1913 (p434 vs p441), but the name Trichodorus is in wide use (by at least 10 dif-
ferent authors in the last 50 years) and Trichodora has not been used, so Trichodorus is used.
56 Synonymized by Pedram et al. (2015) on the basis of morphology and molecular (28S).
57 Division of Tripylina into two clades is supported by molecular evidence (Meldal et al. 2006).
58 Genus dubium incertae sedis.
59 The family Tobrilidae should include the genus Trischistoma (Holterman & Holovachov 2007, Zullini 2006), but more recently it was
classified as a superfamily within Tripyloidina on the basis of molecular and morphological evidence (Zhao 2011).

Subfamily Asperotobrilinae De-Coninck, 1965 (Andrassy, 2007) (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Asperotobrilini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Asperotobrilinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Asperotobrilus Shoshin, 1991 (3 species)
Subfamily Neotobrilinae Tsalolikhin, 2001 (4 genera, 25 species)
Tribe Neotobrilini Tsalolikhin, 2001 *
Subtribe Neotobrilinii Tsalolikhin, 2001 *
Genus Macrotobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Neotobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (17 species)
Genus Quasibrilus Tsalolikhin, 1976 (3 species)
Genus Semitobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (4 species)
Subfamily Tobrilinae Filipjev, 1918 (5 genera, 150 species) 60
Tribe Tobrilini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Tobrilinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Epitobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (25 species)
Species interstitialis Naumova & Gagarin, 2017
Genus Eutobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (40 species)
Species ayaensis Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Species peregrinator Tsalolikhin, 1983
syn Epitobrilus medius G. Schneider, 1916 apud Tsalolikhin, 1980 (Naumova &
Gagarin, 2019)
Species stefanskii Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Genus Kurikania Tsalolikhin, 1976 (2 species)
Genus Paratrilobus Micoletzky, 1922 (7 species)
Genus Tobrilus Andrassy, 1959 (76 species)
Species elginus Naumova & Gagarin, 2019
Species juliae Naumova & Gagarin, 2019
Species methanus Gagarin & Naumova, 2016
Species saprophagus Naumova & Gagarin, 2017
Family Triodontolaimidae De-Coninck, 1965 (Lorenzen, 1978) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species),61
Subfamily Triodontolaiminae De-Coninck, 1965 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Triodontolaimini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Triodontolaiminii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Triodontolaimus De-Man, 1893 (1 species)
Suborder Prismatolaimina Hodda, 2010 (2 superfamilies, 4 families, 5 subfamilies, 15 genera, 74 species) 62
Superfamily Prismatolaimoidea Micolezky, 1918 (Hodda, 2007) (3 families, 3 subfamilies, 5 genera,
52 species)
Family Prismatolaimidae Micolezky, 1918 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 38 species) 63
Subfamily Prismatolaiminae Micolezky, 1918 * (2 genera, 38 species)
Tribe Prismatolaimini Micolezky, 1918 *
Subtribe Prismatolaiminii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Prismatolaimus De-Man, 1880 (37 species)
60 Filipjev (1918) named the subfamily Trilobini, but the genus name Trilobus on which it was based is a homonym, so changed to Tobri-
lus.
61 Subfamily created by De Coninck (1965).
62 Placed with Tobriloidea by De Ley & Blaxter (2002). Some molecular analyses place the families Prismatolaimidae and Bastianiidae in
a separate clade (Holterman et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009), while others did not resolve their relationships (Meldal et al. 2006). None of
the molecular analyses resolve the relationship of the families with Tobrilidae or Tripylidae. Morphological evidence has been interpreted as
suggesting affinities with Bastianiidae, Onchulidae or Tripylidae or even Monhysteridae (Coomans & Raski 1988, De Coninck 1935, Goodey
1963, Hodda et al. 2004). Recent analyses have suggested inclusion in Tripylida on the basis of the structure of the buccal cavity and cephalic
sensillae (Hodda et al. 2004, Hodda 2007, Holovachov et al. 2008).
63 Subfamily created by Micoletzky (1922).

Genus Takakia Yeates, 1967 (1 species)
Family Bastianiidae De-Coninck, 1935 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 10 species) 64
Subfamily Bastianiinae De-Coninck, 1935 * (2 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Bastianiini De-Coninck, 1935 *
Subtribe Bastianiinii De-Coninck, 1935 *
Genus Bastiania De-Man, 1876 (9 species)
Genus Dintheria De-Man, 1921 (1 species)
Family Odontolaimidae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (Lorenzen, 1981) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 4 species)
Subfamily Odontolaiminae Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Odontolaimini Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Subtribe Odontolaiminii Gerlach & Riemann, 1974 *
Genus Odontolaimus Lorenzen, 1981 (4 species)
Superfamily Onchuloidea Andrassy, 1964 (Hodda, 2010) (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 10 genera, 22 species) 65
Family Onchulidae Andrassy, 1964 (2 subfamilies, 10 genera, 22 species) 66
Subfamily Onchulinae Andrassy, 1964 (5 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Onchulini Andrassy, 1964 *
Subtribe Onchulinii Andrassy, 1964 *
Genus Cyathonchus Cobb, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Kinonchulus Riemann, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Limonchulus Andrassy, 1963 (4 species)
Genus Onchulus Cobb, 1920 (9 species)
Genus Stenonchulus Schneider, 1940 (1 species)
Subfamily Pseudonchulinae Hodda, Bloemers & Wanless, 2005 (5 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Pseudonchulini Hodda, Bloemers & Wanless, 2005 *
Subtribe Pseudonchulinii Hodda, Bloemers & Wanless, 2005 *
Genus Caprionchulus Swart & Heyns, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Cupostomella Siddiqi, 2013 (1 species)
Species nobbsae Siddiqi, 2013
Genus Pseudonchulus Altherr, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Tobriloides Loof, 1973 (2 species)
Genus Tobrilonchulus Holovachov, Winiszewska, Sturhan, Esquivel & Wu, 2008 (1 species)
64 Bastianiidae was family incertae sedis in the classifications of De Ley et al. (2006) and Hodda (2007). It has been included in Enoplida:
Oxystominidae (Andrassy 1976), Tripylida:Prismatolaimidae (De Coninck 1935), Araeolaimida (Goodey 1963), and Chromadorida:Lepto-
laimina (Lorenzen 1994, Ryss 1988). The family was not included in some molecular analyses (Meldal et al. 2006, Smythe et al. 2006), but
was resolved as a clade with Prismatolaimidae when it was included (Holterman et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009). There are morphological
similarities with Prismatolaimidae in the structure of the sensilla, amphid, cardia, supplements, spicules, spicular musculature, gubernaculum
and organellum ovale (Coomans & Raski 1988, Holovachov 2006, Tchesunov & Sturhan 2002). The molecular and morphological evidence
seems enough to place the family despite some evidence of other affinities.
65 There is a unique structure of the oesophagus with gland cells interspersed with muscle, which defines the superfamily. Morphological
similarities in the orifices of the oesophageal glands, cephalic sensillae, amphids and cardia support affinities with Prismatolaimidae (Hodda
et al. 2004, Hodda 2007, Holovachov et al. 2008). Other interpretations include the family being totally unrelated to, closely related to, or
a subset of, the Prismatolaimidae, and variously as belonging to the orders Trefusiida, Enoplida, Tripylida and Triplonchida (Goodey 1963,
Andrassy 1964, De Coninck 1965, Riemann 1972, Andrassy 1976, Maggenti 1982, Siddiqi 1983, Maggenti 1991, Lorenzen 1994, Andrassy
2001a,b, De Ley & Blaxter 2002). Some authors have considered the evidence for higher systematics in this group inconclusive (Coomans &
Raski 1988).
66 Hodda (2007) placed Onchulidae with Prismatolaimidae in Prismatolaimoidea, but with the inclusion of Bastianiidae with Prismato-
laimidae in Prismatolaimoidea, continued inclusion of Onchulidae is no longer justified, so Onchulidae is placed in a new superfamily but with
Prismatolaimoidea in a new suborder Prismatolaimina.

Class Dorylaimea Hodda, 2007 (3 subclasses, 3 superorders, 8 orders, 10 suborders, 17 superfamilies, 41 families, 90
subfamilies, 499 genera, 4917 species) 67
Subclass Dorylaimia Inglis, 1983 (1 superorder, 1 order, 2 suborders, 6 superfamilies, 18 families, 52 subfamilies, 269 genera,
3126 species)
Superorder Dorylaimica Hodda, 2007 (1 order, 2 suborders, 6 superfamilies, 18 families, 52 subfamilies, 269 genera,
3126 species)
Order Dorylaimida Pearse, 1942 (2 suborders, 6 superfamilies, 18 families, 52 subfamilies, 269 genera, 3126
species)68
Suborder Dorylaimina Chitwood, 1933 (5 superfamilies, 14 families, 46 subfamilies, 254 genera, 2995 species) 69
Superfamily Dorylaimoidea De-Man, 1876 (Thorne, 1934) (4 families, 19 subfamilies, 121 genera,
1488 species)
Family Dorylaimidae De-Man, 1876 (4 subfamilies, 35 genera, 520 species)
Subfamily Arctidorylaiminae Mulvey & Anderson, 1979 (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Arctidorylaimini Mulvey & Anderson, 1979 *
Subtribe Arctidorylaiminii Mulvey & Anderson, 1979 *
Genus Arctidorylaimus Mulvey & Anderson, 1979 (4 species)
Genus Kittidorylaimus Andrassy, 1999 (1 species)
Subfamily Dorylaiminae De-Man, 1876 (7 genera, 47 species)
Tribe Dorylaimini De-Man, 1876 *
Subtribe Dorylaiminii De-Man, 1876 *
Genus Anadorella Siddiqi, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Baladorylaimus Andrassy, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Dorylaimus Dujardin, 1845 (28 species)
Species elegans Vinciguerra, Eskandari, Clausi, Asghari & Rapazzo, 2016
Genus Ischiodorylaimus Andrassy, 1969 (13 species)
Species paracognatus Gagarin & Gusakov, 2016
Genus Kunjudorylaimus Dhanam & Jairajpuri, 2000 (2 species)
Genus Namaquanema Heyns & Swart, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Salimella Siddiqi, 2005 (1 species)
Subfamily Laimydorinae Andrassy, 1969 (14 genera, 375 species)
Tribe Laimydorini Andrassy, 1969 *
Subtribe Laimydorinii Andrassy, 1969 *
Genus Afrodorylaimus Andrassy, 1964 (7 species)
Genus Amphidorylaimus Andrassy, 1960 (3 species)
Genus Calcaridorylaimus Andrassy, 1986 (10 species)
67 Regarded as a subset of Enoplia by Lorenzen (1981) on the basis of the presence of primarily non-spiral amphids, the group is unresolved
in most molecular phylogenies (Meldal et al. 2006, Litvaitis et al. 2000, Smythe et al. 2006). However, Dorylaimea is clearly a separate branch
in the latest molecular analysis (Van Megen et al. 2009). This position is compatible with morphological analysis (Lorenzen 1981) if the as-
sumed character polarity is reversed, and non-spiral amphids become plesiomorphic rather than apomorphic. All Orders within Dorylaimea
have the morphological apomorphy of oesophageal glands opening behind the nerve ring. The clade has been advanced before on other mor-
phological evidence (Maggenti 1991). Using morphological evidence requiring some assumptions regarding homology, but considering the
vertebrate-parasitic Trichocephalida, Dioctophymatida, Muspiceida and Mermithida rather than the free-living members of the groups, Spratt
(2011) regarded these groups as having shared characters of onchiostyles with Triplochida within Enoplea, and thus supporting Dorylaimia as
a subclass within an expanded Enoplea. He also pointed out the presence of a Demanian system appears limited to Muspiceidae (both species
of the genus Maseria) and 11 genera of Oncholaimida, suggesting further links between Trichocephalia and Enoplea. The clade of Dorylaimia
is also supported by other molecular evidence, although it has been equivocally included within Enoplea (De Ley & Blaxter 2004) or Chro-
madorea (Holterman et al. 2006). Spermatogenesis and development provide further evidence for the separation of Dorylaimea from Enoplea
and Chromadorea (Yushin & Malakhov 2004, Schierenberg & Lahl 2004). Herein the relation with Enoplea and Chromadorea is regarded as
a polytomy (Aleshin et al. 1998, Hodda 2007).
68 Classification generally follows Jairajpuri & Ahmad (1992). See Pena-Santiago (2014) for alternative classification.
69 Created as suborder Dorylaimata by Chitwood (1933), which pre-dates the adoption of uniform endings for higher taxa, hence the author-
ity is Chitwood 1933, although the first to use the name Dorylaimina was Pearse (1936).

Species castaneae Nedelchev, Elshishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristov &
Peneva, 2014
Genus Crocodorylaimus Andrassy, 1988 (10 species)
Species borchuk Tsalolikhin, 2014
Species dadayi (Thorne & Swanger, 1936) Tsalolikhin, 2014
syn Dorylaimus dadayi Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (Tsalolikhin, 2014)
Species fecundus (Cobb1914) Tsalolikhin, 2014
syn Laimydorus fecundus (Cobb, 1914) Andrassy1986
Species flavomaculatus (Linstow, 1876) Tsalolikhin, 2014
syn Dorylaimus flavomaculatus Linstow, 1876 (Tsalolikhin, 2014)
Species thermalis Andrassy, 1999
syn vaginatus Ahmad & Araki, 2003
Genus Drepanodorylaimus Jairajpuri, 1966 (18 species)
Genus Halodorylaimus Andrassy, 1988 (3 species)
Genus Idiodorylaimus Andrassy, 1969 (7 species)
Genus Laimydorus Siddiqi, 1969 (91 species)
Species gigas Gagarin & Gusakov, 2014
Species propinquus Gagarin & Gusakov, 2016
Species tenuis Gagarin & Gusakov, 2014
Genus Mesodorylaimus Andrassy, 1959 (150 species)
Species rivalis Gusakov & Gagarin, 2016
Genus Miodorylaimus Andrassy, 1986 (2 species)
Genus Paradorylaimus Andrassy, 1969 (20 species) 70
Species andinus Orselli, Clausi & Vinciguerra, 2012
Species dorsocaudali Nasira, Israr & Shahina, 2017
Species flagellicaudatus Orselli, Clausi & Vinciguerra, 2012
Species longicaudatus Orselli, Clausi & Vinciguerra, 2012
Species secures Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Genus Prodorylaimium Andrassy, 1969 (4 species)
Genus Prodorylaimus Andrassy, 1959 (48 species)
Species andrassyi Gagarin, 2013
Species baikalensis Naumova & Gagarin, 2018
Species reyesi Vinciguerra, Eskandari, Clausi, Asghari & Rapazzo, 2016
Genus Protodorylaimus Andrassy, 1988 (2 species)
Subfamily Thornenematinae Siddiqi, 1969 (12 genera, 93 species)
Tribe Thornenematini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Thornenematinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Coomansinema Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1989 (13 species)
Species dimorphicauda Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1989
Species istvani Vinciguerra, Orselli & Clausi, 2014
Species japonicum Ahmad, Mushtaq, Shahnaz & Kumar, 2019
Species longicaudatum Ahmad, Mushtaq, Shahnaz & Kumar, 2019
Genus Fuscheila Siddiqi, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Lagenonema Andrassy, 1987 (6 species)
Genus Opisthodorylaimus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 (11 species)
Species suklai Das & Manna, 2014
Genus Paratimminema Rahaman, Ahmad & Khan, 1994 (2 species)
Genus Prothornenema Baqri & Bohra, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Sclerolabia Carbonell & Coomans, 1986 (6 species)
70 Loof and Coomans (1986) considered Paradorylaimus a synonym of Laimydorus Siddiqi 1969. Vinciguerra (2006), Andrassy (2009)
and Orselli et al. (2012) considered the genus valid but in a subfamily Afrodorylaiminae of the family Dorylaimidae based in the arrangement
of labial papillae. Species in the genus as per Kazi et al. (2017).

Genus Sicaguttur Siddiqi, 1971 (15 species)
Species kailashi Keya Gantait & Rizvi, 2019
Genus Silvallis Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Thornenema Andrassy, 1959 (21 species)
Genus Timminema Khan, 1978 (6 species)
Genus Willinema Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1967 (9 species)
Family Aporcelaimidae Heyns, 1965 (3 subfamilies, 17 genera, 333 species)
Subfamily Aporcelaiminae Heyns, 1965 (12 genera, 261 species)
Tribe Aporcelaimini Heyns, 1965 *
Subtribe Aporcelaiminii Heyns, 1965 *
Genus Akrotonus Thorne, 1974 (2 species)
Genus Amblydorylaimus Andrassy, 1998 (1 species) 71
Genus Aporcedorus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Aporcelaimus Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (35 species)
Genus Aporcella Andrassy, 2002 (5 species)
Species charidemiensis Alvarez-Ortega & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species malekmilanii Naghavi, Niknam, Vasifeh & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Genus Epacrolaimus Andrassy, 2000 (2 species)
Genus Metaporcelaimus Lordello, 1965 (19 species)
Species concinnus Krainer, Susulovsky & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species declivicaudatus Krainer, Susulovsky & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species petrophilus Krainer, Susulovsky, Bostrom & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Genus Takamangi Yeates, 1967 (31 species) 72
Genus Tubixaba Monteiro & Lordello, 1980 (37 species)
Tribe Aporcelaimellini Andrassy, 2009 * 73
Subtribe Aporcelaimellinii Andrassy, 2009 *
Genus Aporcelaimellus Heyns, 1965 (76 species)
Genus Aporcelinus Andrassy, 2009 (41 species)
Species brasiliensis Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
syn granuliferus (Cobb, 1893) Andrassy, 2009 sensu Thorne & Swanger, 1936
(Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016)
Species decimus Andrassy, 2009
Species elongicaudatus Varela-Benavides & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species falcicaudatus Nguyen, Abolafia, Bonkowski & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species floridensis Alvarez-Ortega, Subbotin & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species itecrii Pena-Santiago & Varela-Benavides, 2019
Species mesoamericanus Pena-Santiago & Varela-Benavides, 2019
Species menzeli (Bally & Reydon, 1931) Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
syn Dorylainus menzeli Bally & Reydon, 1931 (Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016)
Species micrurus (Daday, 1905) Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
syn Dorylainus micrurus Daday, 1905 (Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016)
Species neogranuliferus Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
Species paolae Alvarez-Ortega, Subbotin & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species paramamillatus Nguyen, Abolafia, Bonkowski & Pena-Santiago, 2016
71 Originally described as a species of Eudorylaimus and placed in Qudsianematinae by Loof 1975 then separated as a separate montypic
genus and placed in Qudsianematinae on morphological evidence by Andrassy (1998), but Aporcelaimidae on molecular evidence (Elshiska et
al. 2015)
72 Originally described in Dorylaiminae (Yeates 1967) on the basis of an oral aperture circular in cross section, but also regarded as
Qudsianematinae (Vinciguerra 2006), Aporcelaiminae (Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992), and as a synonym of Aporcelaimellus in the subfamily
Aporcelaiminae on the basis of the stylet and lip characteristics (Pena Santiago & Ciobanu 2007). Vinciguerra (2006) recognized 31 valid
species.
73 Proposed as a subfamily by Andrassy (2009) and supported by Alvarez Ortega et al. (2018).

Species paraseychellensis Nguyen, Abolafia, Bonkowski & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species reyesi Vinciguerra Orselli & Clausi, 2014
Species reynecki (Van-Der-Linde, 1938) Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
syn Dorylainus reynecki Van-Der-Linde, 1938 (Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016)
syn Eudorylaimus reynecki (Van-Der-Linde, 1938) Tjepkema, Ferris & Ferris, 1971
Species yucatanensis (Chitwood, 1938) Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016
syn Dorylainus yucatanensis Chitwood, 1938 (Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2016)
Genus Makatinus Heyns, 1965 (10 species)
Species africanus Girgan, Marais, Fourie, Tiedt & Swart, 2019
Species crassiformis (Kreis, 1924) Andrassy, 1986
syn Dorylaimus crassiformis Kreis, 1924 (Andrassy, 1986)
syn macrostylus Shaheen & Ahmad, 2004 (Varela Abolafia &
Pena-Santiago, 2017)
Subfamily Paraxonchiinae Dhanachand & Jairajpuri, 1981 (3 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Paraxonchiini Dhanachand & Jairajpuri, 1981 *
Subtribe Paraxonchiinii Dhanachand & Jairajpuri, 1981 *
Genus Gopalus Khan, Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Paraxonchium Krall, 1958 (15 species)
Genus Tendinema Siddiqi, 1995 (2 species)
Subfamily Sectonematinae Siddiqi, 1969 (2 genera, 54 species)
Tribe Sectonematini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Sectonematinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Sectonema Thorne, 1930 (40 species) 74
Species birrucephalum Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Vu, Bonkowski &
Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species buccociliatum Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Vu, Bonkowski &
Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species caobangense Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Vu, Bonkowski &
Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species ciliatum Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Vu, Bonkowski &
Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species septentrionale Pena-Santiago & Alvarez-Ortega, 2015
Species tropicum Nguyen, Abolafia, Bonkowski, Pena-Santiago &
Alvarez-Ortega, 2016
Species vietnamense Nguyen, Abolafia, Bonkowski, Pena-Santiago &
Alvarez-Ortega, 2016
Genus Aporcelaimoides Heyns, 1965 (14 species)
Species amazonicum (Siddiqi, 1995) Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu &
Pena-Santiago, 2015
syn Sectonema amazonicum Siddiqi, 1995 (Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu
& Pena-Santiago, 2015)
Species brevistylum Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu & Pena-Santiago, 2015
Species haguei (Hunt, 1978) Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu &
Pena-Santiago, 2015
syn Nygolaimium haguei Hunt, 1978 (Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu &
Species minor Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu & Pena-Santiago, 2015
Species moderatum (Siddiqi, 1995) Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu &
Pena-Santiago, 2015
syn Sectonema moderatum Siddiqi, 1995 (Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu &
74 Following Alvarez-Ortega & Pena-Santiago (2019).

Species silvaticum Alvarez-Ortega, Nguyen, Abolafia, Tu & Pena-Santiago, 2015
Family Qudsianematidae Siddiqi, 1969 (7 subfamilies, 43 genera, 457 species) 75
Subfamily Chrysonematinae Siddiqi, 1969 (1 genus, 10 species)
Tribe Chrysonematini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Chrysonematinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Chrysonema Thorne, 1929 (10 species)
Subfamily Crateronematinae Siddiqi, 1969 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Crateronematini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Crateronematinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Crateronema Siddiqi, 1969 (2 species)
Subfamily Discolaiminae Siddiqi, 1969 (8 genera, 108 species)
Tribe Discolaimini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Discolaiminii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Belaxellus Thorne, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Discolaimium Thorne, 1939 (36 species)
Species paramonovi Gagarin & Butorina, 2014
Genus Discolaimoides Heyns, 1963 (16 species)
Genus Discolaimus Cobb, 1913 (42 species)
Species anemaqen Wu, Yan, Xu, Wang, Jin & Xie, 2016
Genus Filidicolaimus Siddiqi, 1995 (2 species)
Genus Latocephalus Patil & Khan, 1982 (9 species)
Genus Mylodiscus Thorne, 1939 (1 species)
Subfamily Hulqinae Siddiqi, 1982 (2 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Hulqini Siddiqi, 1982 *
Subtribe Hulqinii Siddiqi, 1982 *
Genus Hulqus Siddiqi, 1981 (3 species)
Genus Mitoaxonchium Yeates, 1973 (1 species)
Subfamily Lordellonematinae Siddiqi, 1969 (4 genera, 34 species)
Tribe Lordellonematini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Lordellonematinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Lordellonema Andrassy, 1959 (17 species)
Species brevicaudatum Siddiqi, 2016
Species indicum Imran & Ahmad, 2019
Species paramacrodarum Imran & Ahmad, 2019
Species spicularis Imran & Ahmad, 2019
Species rapsoides (Heyns & Lagerway, 1965) Imran & Ahmad, 2019
syn Eudorylaimus rapsoides Heyns & Lagerway, 1965
Genus Moshajia Siddiqi, 1982 (4 species)
Genus Poronemella Siddiqi, 1969 (6 species)
Species tenuistylum Imran & Ahmad, 2017
Genus Sicorinema Siddiqi, 1982 (7 species)
Subfamily Qudsianematinae Jairajpuri, 1965 (22 genera, 275 species)
Tribe Qudsianematini Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Subtribe Qudsianematinii Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Genus Allodorylaimus Andrassy, 1986 (27 species)
Genus Amblydorylaimus Andrassy, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Baqriella Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1989 (3 species)
Genus Boreolaimus Andrassy, 1998 (7 species)
Genus Crassogula Andrassy, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Crassolabium Yeates, 1967 (5 species) 76
75 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri (1965a).

76 Regarded as a synonym of Eudorylaimus by Siddiqi (1969), or Thonus by Andrassy (1986). Regarded as valid by Andrassy (1976) and

Species alexeevi Tsalolikhin, 2017
Species costaricense Varela-Benavides & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Genus Cricodorylaimus Ahmad & Sturhan, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Ecumenicus Thorne, 1974 (4 species)
Genus Epidorylaimus Andrassy, 1986 (14 species)
Species monhystera Ahmad Imran & Araki, 2016
Genus Eudorylaimus Andrassy, 1959 (107 species)
Species kahaqensis Kazemi, Niknam, Jabbari & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species piceae Wu, Yu, Xu, Wang & Xie, 2018
Genus Kallidorylaimus Andrassy, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Kolodorylaimus Andrassy, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Labronema Thorne, 1939 (54 species)
Species duhouxi (Altherr, 1963) Baqri & Khera, 1975
syn pulchrum Vinciguerra & Zullini, 1982 (Pena-Santiago & Vinciguerra, 2019)
Species montanum Pena-Santiago & Abolafia, 2019
Genus Labronemella Andrassy, 1985 (12 species)
Species major Wu, Yan, Xie, Xu Wang & Jin, 2017
Species zullinii Pena-Santiago, 2019
Genus Microdorylaimus Andrassy, 1986 (17 species)
Genus Pachydorylaimus Siddiqi, 1983 (7 species)
Genus Parapalus Loof & Zullini, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Qudsianema Jairajpuri, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Scalpelus Ahmad, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Skibbinema Van-Reenan & Heyns, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Talanema Andrassy, 1991 (7 species)
Genus Torumanawa Yeates, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Tylenchodorus Siddiqi, 1983 (1 species)
Subfamily Thorniinae De-Coninck, 1965 (6 genera, 25 species)
Tribe Thorniini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Thorniinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Loofilaimus Jarajpuri, Ahmad & Sturhan, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Nygolaimoides Meyl, 1960 (9 species)
Species albus Asl, Niknam, Jabbari & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species zarrinensis Asl, Niknam, Jabbari & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Genus Sphaeroamphis Ahmad & Sturhan, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Thorneella Andrassy, 1960 (2 species)
Genus Thornia Meyl, 1954 (11 species)
Genus Thorniosa Andrassy, 1996 (1 species)
Family Nordiidae Siddiqi, 1969 (5 subfamilies, 26 genera, 178 species) 77
syn Rhyssocolpidae Elshishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristov & Peneva, 2015
Subfamily Actinolaimoidinae Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (6 genera, 26 species)
Tribe Actinolaimoidini Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 *
Subtribe Actinolaimoidinii Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 *
Genus Actinolaimoides Meyl, 1957 (8 species)
Genus Malekus Thorne, 1974 (2 species)
Genus Oonaguntus Thorne, 1974 (2 species)
Genus Oriverutoides Ahmad & Sturhan, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Oriverutus Siddiqi, 1971 (8 species)
syn Ecanema Ahmad & Shaheen, 2005 (Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2014)
syn Inbionema Loof & Zullini, 2000 (Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2014)
Jairajpuri & Ahmad (1992).

77 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri & AH Siddiqi (1964).

Species andrassyi Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2013
Species asaccatus (Dhanachand & Jairajpuri, 1980) Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1987
syn Oriverutus lobatus apud Baqri, 1980, nec Siddiqi, 1971 (Pena-Santiago,
Liebanas & Ahmad, 2013)
syn Oriverutus morus Gambhir, Bina, Anandi & Pramodini, 2008 (Pena-Santiago,
Liebanas & Ahmad, 2013)
Species belloi Liebanas, Esquivel & Pena-Santiago, 2011
Species biforme (Loof & Zullini, 2000) Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2014
syn Inbionema biforme Loof & Zullini, 2000 (Pena-Santiago, Liebanas &
Ahmad, 2014)
Species costaricensis Liebanas & Pena-Santiago, 2011
Species hemihystera Liebanas & Pena-Santiago, 2011
Species istvani Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2013
Species vanisti Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2013
Genus Paroriverutus Carbonnel & Coomans, 1982 (5 species)
Species longicaudatus (Ahmad and Siddiqi, 1997) Pena-Santiago, Liebanas &
Ahmad, 2014
syn Oriverutus longicaudatus Ahmad and Siddiqi, 1997 (Pena-Santiago, Liebanas
& Ahmad, 2014)
Species macramphidius (Andrassy, 2002) Pena-Santiago, Liebanas & Ahmad, 2014
syn Drepanodorylaimus macramphidius Andrassy, 2002 (Pena-Santiago, Liebanas
& Ahmad, 2014)
Subfamily Cephalodorylaiminae Jairajpuri, 1967 (3 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Cephalodorylaimini Jairajpuri, 1967 *
Subtribe Cephalodorylaiminii Jairajpuri, 1967 *
Genus Acephalodorylaimus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Cephalodorylaimus Jairajpuri, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Echinodorus Siddiqi, 1995 (1 species)
Subfamily Helmabiinae Siddiqi, 1971 (2 genera, 7 species)
Tribe Helmabiini Siddiqi, 1971 *
Subtribe Helmabiinii Siddiqi, 1971 *
Genus Helmabia Siddiqi, 1971 (6 species)
Genus Nemabia Siddiqi, 1995 (1 species)
Subfamily Nordiinae Jairajpuri & AH Siddiqi, 1964 (4 genera, 38 species)
Tribe Nordiini Jairajpuri & AH Siddiqi, 1964 *
Subtribe Nordiinii Jairajpuri & AH Siddiqi, 1964 *
Genus Acunemella Andrassy, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Dorydorella Andrassy, 1987 (4 species)
Genus Longidorella Thorne, 1939 (30 species)
Genus Thornedia Husain & Khan, 1965 (3 species)
Subfamily Pungentinae Siddiqi, 1964 (11 genera, 103 species)
Tribe Pungentini Siddiqi, 1964 *
Subtribe Pungentinii Siddiqi, 1964 *
Genus Californidorus Robbins & Weiner, 1978 (4 species)
Genus Enchodeloides Elsishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristiv & Peneva, 2017 (1 species)
Species signeyensis (Loof, 1975) Elsishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristiv &
Peneva, 2017
syn Enchodelus signeyensis Loof, 1975 (Elsishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristiv &
Peneva, 2017)
Genus Enchodelus Thorne, 1939 (37 species)
Subgenus Enchodelus Thorne, 1939 (15 species)
Species makarovae Elshishka, Lazarova & Peneva, 2012

Species minor Gagarin & Gusakov, 2014
Subgenus Nepalus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1980 (2 species)
Subgenus Paraenchodelus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1980 (15 species)
Subgenus Rotundus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1980 (5 species)
Genus Enchodorus Vinciguerra, 1976 (4 species)
Species yeatsi Pedram, 2017
Genus Heterodorus Altherr, 1952 (Andrassy, 2009) (10 species)
Species qinghaiensis Wu, Yan, Xu, Yu, Wang, Jin & Xie, 2016
Species youbertghostai Pedram, Pourjam, Atighi & Panahandeh, 2016
Genus Kochinema Heyns, 1963 (8 species)
Genus Lanzavecchia Zullini, 1988 (3 species)
Species mangrovi Gagarin, 2014
Genus Lenonchium Siddiqi, 1965 (9 species)
Species denticaudatum Swart & Heyns, 1991
syn asterocaudatum Choi & Jairajpuri, 1998 (Asgari, Eskandari, Karani, Abolafia &
Species zanjanense Asgari, Eskandari, Karani, Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Genus Papuadorus Andrassy, 2009 (3 species)
Species coomansi (Nicholas & Stewart, 1985) Andrassy, 2011
syn Enchodelus coomansi Nicholas & Stewart, 1985 (Andrassy, 2011)
Genus Pungentus Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (22 species) 78
Species azarbaijanensis Heydari, Garibzadeh, Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
Genus Rhyssocolpus Andrassy, 1971 (2 species) 79
syn Pararhyssocolpus Elshishka, Lazarova, Radoslavov, Hristov & Peneva, 2015
Superfamily Actinolaimoidea Thorne, 1939 (Thorne, 1967) (3 families, 7 subfamilies, 23 genera, 170 species)
Family Actinolaimidae Thorne, 1939 (Meyl, 1957) (4 subfamilies, 16 genera, 130 species) 80
Subfamily Actinolaiminae Thorne, 1939 (1 genus, 10 species)
Tribe Actinolaimini Thorne, 1939 *
Subtribe Actinolaiminii Thorne, 1939 *
Genus Actinolaimus Cobb, 1913 (10 species)
Subfamily Brittonematinae Thorne, 1967 (6 genera, 27 species) 81
Tribe Brittonematini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Brittonematinii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Andrassy, 1964 (8 species)
Genus Afractinca Vinciguerra & Clausi, 2000 (5 species)
Genus Brasilaimus Lordello & Zamith, 1957 (7 species)
Genus Brittonema Thorne, 1967 (3 species)
Genus Practinocephalus Andrassy, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Parastomachoglossa Coomans & Loof, 1986 (3 species)
78 Following the revision and synoymies proposed by Alvarez-Ortega & Pena-Santiago (2014). Jairajpuri & Ahmad (1992) recognsed 41
species.
79 Following Pena-Santiago et al. (2015).
80 Created as a subfamily by Thorne (1939).
81 Brittonematinae Thorne 1967 has been suggested as an inappropriate subfamily name because the genus Brittonema Thorne 1967 has
been synonymised with 3 different genera: Brasilaimus Lordello & Zamith 1957 by several authors (Andrassy 2009, Vinciguerra et al. 2000,
Zullini & Vinciguerra 2000), and Actinca Andrassy 1964 by several other authors (Coomans & Loof 1986, Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992). Both
synonymies were based on the evaluation that the diagnostic feature of a filiform extension of the male tail in Brittonema was an anomaly
rather than a sound character. If, on the other hand, the character is phylogenetically informative, the genera Brittonema and Practinocephalus
are synonymous because P. brzeskii and P. bizarrus have similar tails (Vinciguerra & Clausi 2003). Andrassy (2010) suggested the genera
should be diagnosed by Brittonema having 3 species (B. sulcatum, B. secundum and B. brzeskii) with head not greatly swollen and less than 40
longitudinal cuticular ridges, while Practinocephalus contains a single species with greatly swollen head (P. bizarrus) and around 100 cuticular
ridges). Therefore Brittonematinae is retained.

Subfamily Neoactinolaiminae Thorne, 1967 (4 genera, 48 species)
Tribe Neoactinolaimini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Neoactinolaiminii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Egtitis Thorne, 1967 (20 species)
Genus Metactinolaimus Meyl, 1957 (2 species)
Genus Neoactinolaimus Thorne, 1967 (25 species)
Genus Scleroactinolaimus Ahmad, Khan & Ahmad, 1992 (1 species)
Subfamily Paractinolaiminae Thorne, 1967 (5 genera, 45 species)
Tribe Paractinolaimini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Paractinolaiminii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Afractinolaimus Andrassy, 1970 (5 species)
Genus Dominicactinolaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Paractinolaimus Meyl, 1957 (30 species)
Species morus Morales-Montero & San-Blas, 2014
Species persicus Panahi, Shokoohi, Vinciguerra, Clausi & Mashela, 2019
Genus Trachactinolaimus Andrassy, 1963 (3 species)
Genus Westindicus Thorne, 1967 (6 species)
Family Trachypleurosidae Thorne, 1967 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species)
Subfamily Trachypleurosinae Thorne, 1967 * (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Trachypleurosini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Trachypleurosinii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Trachypleurosum Andrassy, 1959 (5 species)
Family Carcharolaimidae Thorne, 1967 (2 subfamilies, 6 genera, 35 species) 82
Subfamily Carcharolaiminae Thorne, 1967 (5 genera, 30 species)
Tribe Carcharolaimini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Carcharolaiminii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Antholaimus Cobb, 1913 (8 species)
Genus Carcharolaimus Thorne, 1967 (11 species)
Genus Caryboca Lordello, 1967 (4 species)
Genus Mylodiscoides Lordello, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Stopractinca Khan, Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1994 (6 species)
Subfamily Caribenematinae Thorne, 1967 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Caribenematini Thorne, 1967 *
Subtribe Caribenematinii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Caribenema Thorne, 1967 (5 species)
Superfamily Longidoroidea Thorne, 1935 (Khan & Ahmad, 1975) (2 families, 3 subfamilies, 8 genera,
556 species)
Family Longidoridae Thorne, 1935 (Meyl, 1961) (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 276 species) 83
Subfamily Longidorinae Thorne, 1935 (2 genera, 201 species)
Tribe Longidorini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Longidorinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Longidoroides Khan, Chawla & Saha, 1978 (18 species)
Genus Longidorus Micoletzky, 1922 (183 species)
Species andalusicus Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Montes-
Borrego, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2014
Species asiaticus Trisciuzzi, Archidona-Yuste, Troccoli, Fanelli, De-Luca, Vovlas &
Castillo, 2015
Species species azarbaijanensis Gharibzadeh Pourjam & Pedram, 2018
82 Placed as a subfamily of Qudsianematidae by Andrassy (1991), but separated as a family in Actinolaimoidea by Jairajpuri & Ahmad
(1992). Here placed in Actinolaimoidea because extensive sclerotization, thickening and elaboration of the cheilostome is apomorphic to the
superfamily.
83 Subfamily created by Thorne (1935). Molecular analysis by He et al. (2005).

Species baeticus Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Montes-Borrego,
Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2014
Species behshahrensis Amrei, Peneva, Rakhshandehroo & Pedram, 2019
Species cheni Barsalote, Hoa, Lazarova, Peneva & Zheng, 2018
Species iliturgiensis Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Castillo &
Palomares-Rius, 2019
Species indalus Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2016a
Species iranicus Sturhan & Barooti, 1983
Species juglans Xu, Guo, Ye, Wang, Zheng & Zhao, 2017
Species macrodorus Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Species moesicus Lamberti, Choleva & Agostinelli, 1983 (Maafi, Subbotin,
Sturhan, Barooti & Taheri, 2015)
Species oakcrassus Cai, Archidona-Yuste, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2019
Species oakgracilis Cai, Archidona-Yuste, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2019
Species oleae Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Montes-Borrego,
Species onubensis Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Species pacensis Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Castillo & Palomares-
-Rius, 2019
Species perangustus Roshan-Bakhsh, Pourjam & Pedram, 2016
Species persicus Esmaeili, Heydari, Archidona-Yuste, Castillo & Palomares-Rius
2017
Species pinus Xu, Ye, Wang & Zhao, 2018
Species polyae Lazarova, Elshiska, Radoslavov, Lozanova, Hristov, Mladenov,
Zheng, Fanelli, De-Luca & Peneva, 2019
Species silvestris Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Species vallensis Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Species wicuolea Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Subfamily Xiphidorinae Khan Chawla & Saha, 1976 n. rank (5 genera, 75 species) 84
Tribe Xiphidorini Khan Chawla & Saha, 1976
Subtribe Xiphidorinii Khan Chawla & Saha, 1976 *
Genus Australodorus Coomans, Olmos, Casella & Chaves, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Paralongidorus Siddiqi, Hooper & Kahn, 1963 (34 species)
Species francolambertii Barsi & De-Luca, 2017
Species koreana Mwala, Decraemer, Kim, Ko, Na, Kim & Lee, 2019
Species lusitanicus Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Mota, Castillo, Santos & Palomares-Rius,
2018
Genus Paraxiphidorus Coomans & Chaves, 1995 (3 species)
Genus Siddiqia Khan, Chawla & Saha, 1978 (28 species)
Genus Xiphidorus Montiero, 1976 (9 species)
Family Xiphinematidae Dalmasso, 1969 (Khan & Ahmad, 1975) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 280 species)
Subfamily Xiphinematinae Dalmasso, 1969 (1 genus, 280 species)
Tribe Xiphinematini Dalmasso, 1969 *
Subtribe Xiphinematinii Dalmasso, 1969 *
84 Proposed as family by Coomans (1985), and as tribe by Khan et al. (1976). Composition based on molecular evidence He et al.
(2005).

Genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (280 species) 85
Species afratakhtehnsis Mirzaie-Fouladvand, Pourjam, Castillo & Pedram, 2019
Species andalusiense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalalpiedra-Navarrete,
Species astaregiense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2016b
Species azarbaijanense Afshar, Shahrryani, Gharibzadeh, Pourjam & Pedram,
2019
Species barooghii Vasifeh, Niknam, Jabbari & Naghavi, 2019
Species browni Lazarova, Peneva & Kumari, 2016
Species castilloi Roshan-Bakhsh, Pourjam, Pedram, Robbins & Decraemer, 2014
Species celtiense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalalpiedra-Navarrete,
Paolomares-Rius & Castillo, 2016
Species cretense Tzortzakakis, Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Nasiou,
Lazanaki, Kabourakis, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2014
Species hangzhouense Cai, Maria, Barsalote, Subbotin & Zheng, 2019
Species herakliense Tzortzakakis, Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Nasiou, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2015
Species iznajarense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Species japonicum Zhao, Ye, Maria, Pedram & Gu, 2017
Species macrodora Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalalpiedra-Navarrete,
Species mengibarense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalalpiedra-Navarrete,
Species oleae Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalalpiedra-Navarrete,
Species paradentatum Barsi, Fanelli & De-Luca, 2017
Species parachambersi Maria, Ye, Yu & Gu, 2018
Species parataylori Lazarova, Oliviera, Prior, Peneva & Kumari, 2019
Species penevi Lazarova, Peneva & Kumari, 2016
Species plesiopachtaicum Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-
Navarrete, Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2016b
Species poasense Varela-Benavides, Peraza-Padilla, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Palomares-Rius, Castillo & Archidona-Yuste, 2018
Species primum Mobasseri, Hutchinson, Afshr & Pedram, 2019
Species tica Peraza-Padilla, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Zamora-Araya, Palomares-
Rius, Castillo & Archidona-Yuste, 2018
Species vallense Archidona-Yuste, Navas-Cortes, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Palomares-Rius & Castillo, 2016b
Superfamily Belondiroidea Thorne, 1939 (Thorne, 1964) (1 family, 3 subfamilies, 26 genera, 284 species)
Family Belondiridae Thorne, 1939 (3 subfamilies, 26 genera, 284 species)
Subfamily Belondirinae Thorne, 1939 (17 genera, 160 species)
Tribe Belondirini Thorne, 1939 *
Subtribe Belondirinii Thorne, 1939 *
Genus Amphibelondira Rahman, Jairajpuri, Ahmad & Ahmad, 1987 (5 species)
85 Currently the consensus is that there are species groups within the genus based on diagnostic features of limited systematic value. The
species within each species group are mostly agreed because the groups are based in diagnostic features, although as more species are described
in this very speciose genus, the distinctions between the groups are blurring. Historically, there have been many subgenera defined on slightly
different criteria: 8 were recognized by Cohn & Sher (1972), but these were rejected by Luc & Dalmasso (1975), and 9 were recognized by
Roy & Gupta (1974). Many species—over 100—have been described since, and it would be difficult to assign many of the new species to
subgenera, so they are not recognized.

Species sindhicus Ashfaque, Nasira & Shahina, 2019
Species wasimi Roy, Gantait & Chatterjee, 2017
Genus Anchobelondira Nair & Coomans, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Axonchium Cobb, 1920 (39 species)
syn Axonchium (Hypaxonchium) Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009)
syn Axonchium (Poraxonchium) Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009)
Species meghalayense Naz & Ahmad, 2012
Species noreasum Naz & Ahmad, 2012
Genus Axonchoides Thorne, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Belondira Thorne, 1939 (47 species)
Species bagongshanensis Wu, Huang, Xie, Wang & Xu, 2017
Species coomansi Golhasan, Heydari, Miraeiz, Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Genus Belondirella Thorne, 1964 (2 species)
Genus Dactyluraxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 (2 species)
Genus Duriella Dhanam & Jairajpuri, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Heynsaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Immanigula Andrassy, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Laurophragus Nesterov, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Metaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009) (39 species) 86
syn Axonchium (Discaxonchium) Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009)
syn Axonchium (Epaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009)
syn Axonchium (Spiculaxonchium) Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009)
Species bonkowskii Nguyen & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species coxi (Yeates, 1979) Pena-Santiago, Niknam, Alvarez-Ortega & Jabbari,
2014
syn Axonchium coxi Yeates, 1979 (Pena-Santiago, Niknam, Alvarez-Ortega &
Jabbari, 2014)
Species japonicum (Ahmad & Naz, 2010) Pena-Santiago, Niknam, Alvarez-Ortega
& Jabbari, 2014
syn Axonchium japonicum Ahmad & Naz, 2010
Species mizukuboi (Ahmad & Naz, 2010) Pena-Santiago, Niknam, Alvarez-Ortega
& Jabbari, 2014
syn Axonchium mizukuboi Ahmad & Naz, 2010
Species parvisaccatum Varela-Benavides & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species persicum Pena-Santiago, Niknam, Alvarez-Ortega & Jabbari, 2014
Species sternospiculum Varela-Benavides & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species sylvaticum Nguyen & Pena-Santiago, 2018
Species toroense Varela-Benavides & Pena-Santaigo, 2019
Species zealandicum (Naz, Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 2007) Pena-Santiago, Niknam,
Alvarez-Ortega & Jabbari, 2014
syn Axonchium zealandicum Naz, Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 2007
Genus Nimigula Andrassy, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Belondonygolaimellus nom. nov. pro Nygolaimellus Dhanam & Jairajpuri, 1999 nec
Loos, 1949 (1 species)
Genus Paraoxybelondira Dhanam & Jairajpuri, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Phallaxonchium Jairajpuri & Dhanachand, 1979 (5 species)
Genus Syncheilaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 (Andrassy, 2009) (12 species) 87
Subfamily Dorylaimellinae Jairajpuri, 1964 (1 genus, 85 species)
Tribe Dorylaimellini Jairajpuri, 1964 *
86 Originally proposed as a subgenus of Axonchium, but raised to generic rank by Andrassy (2009).
87 Originally proposed as a subgenus of Axonchium by Coomans and Nair (1975) with 7 species, but raised to generic rank by Andrassy
(2009) who added another 2, and Naz & Ahmad (2012) transferred another 3, but removed one of Andrassy’s changed combinations.

Subtribe Dorylaimellinii Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Genus Dorylaimellus Cobb, 1913 (85 species) 88
Subgenus Amazonema Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (3 species) 89
Subgenus Axodorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (10 species)
Species hanifae Ahmad & Naz, 2012
Subgenus Belondorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (6 species)
Subgenus Capitellus Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (1 species) 90
Subgenus Clavidorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (3 species)
Subgenus Dorylaimellus Cobb, 1913 (36 species)
Species parindicus Ahmad & Naz, 2012
Species shamimi Ahmad & Naz, 2012
Subgenus Elongidorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (1 species)
Subgenus Filidorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (7 species)
Species kasianus Ahmad & Naz, 2012
Subgenus Ibadanus Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (1 species) 91
Subgenus Jamilius Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (9 species) 92
Subgenus Mesodorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (4 species)
Subgenus Metadorylaimellus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1980 (2 species)
Subgenus Rashidanema Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (1 species) 93
Subgenus Sindellus Siddiqi, 1983 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (1 species) 94
Subfamily Swangerinae Jairajpuri, 1964 (8 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Swangerini Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Subtribe Swangerinii Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Genus Falcihasta Clark, 1964 (4 species)
Genus Linseyus Ferris & Ferris, 1973 (4 species)
Genus Oxybelondira Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1979 (4 species)
Genus Oxydirus Thorne, 1939 (15 species)
Genus Paraoxydirus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1979 (6 species)
Genus Qudsiella Jairajpuri, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Roqueus Thorne, 1964 (3 species)
Genus Swangeria Thorne, 1939 (2 species)
Superfamily Tylencholaimoidea Filipjev, 1934 (Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1983) (4 families, 14 subfamilies, 76
Family Leptonchidae Thorne, 1935 (6 subfamilies, 31 genera, 219 species)
Subfamily Athernematinae Thorne, 1935 (Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1978) (2 genera, 2 species) 96
88 A highly heterogeneous genus, with no current classification entirely satisfactory, and the distinct possibility that some of the many
proposed subgenera should be afforded generic status. Subgenera are diagnosed by body size, shape of lip region, oesophagus length, vulval
shape and orientation, number of genital branches, spicule shape, number and arrangement of ventromedian supplements and gross shape of
the tail. Originally, 9 subgenera were proposed (Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1980), 6 of which were subsequently raised to genus with the remaining
3 synonymized and 6 new genera proposed (Siddiqi 1983). Subsequent authors have followed various combinations or subsets of these two
schema, and even proposed additional genera (Ahmad & Naz 2012, Andrassy 2009, Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992, Jordaan & Heyns 1984). A
classification including all proposed groups as subgenera is used here on the basis that there are many similarities shared by all subgenera, but
also that each subgenus is diagnosable on other, generally reliable characters such as those listed above.
89 Originally created as a genus by Siddiqi (1983).
95 Tylencholaiminae Filipjev 1934 has priority over Leptonchidae Thorne 1935 so is the correct name (Siddiqi 1982).
96 Wu et al. (2019) rejected Athernematinae and proposed placing the genus Athernema and Agmodorus (currently Leptonchidae Tylenchlai-

Tribe Athernematini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Athernematinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Athernema Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Paraqudsiella Siddiqi, 1982 (1 species) 97
Subfamily Belonenchinae Thorne, 1964 (5 genera, 55 species)
Tribe Belonenchini Thorne, 1964 *
Subtribe Belonenchinii Thorne, 1964 *
Genus Basirotyleptus Jairajpuri, 1964 (44 species)
Subgenus Aculonchus Siddiqi, 1982 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (2 species) 98
Subgenus Basirotyleptus Jairajpuri, 1964 (30 species)
Subgenus Coronatyleptus Siddiqi, 1982 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (6 species) 99
Subgenus Opisthotyleptus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (3 species)
Subgenus Trichonchium Siddiqi & Khan, 1963 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (3 species) 100
Genus Glochidorella Siddiqi, 1981 (5 species)
Genus Punctolepis Khan, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Sclerostylus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris, 1981 (2 species)
Genus Zetalaimus Siddiqi, 1983 (3 species)
Subfamily Encholaiminae Golden & Murphy, 1967 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Encholaimini Golden & Murphy, 1967 *
Subtribe Encholaiminii Golden & Murphy, 1967 *
Genus Encholaimus Golden & Murphy, 1967 (2 species)
Subfamily Leptonchinae Thorne, 1935 (10 genera, 63 species)
Tribe Leptonchini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Leptonchinii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Apoleptonchus Siddiqi, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Arganema Siddiqi, 2016 (1 species)
Species aridum Siddiqi, 2016
Genus Bertzuckermania Khera, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Funaria Van-Der-Linde, 1938 (12 species)
Genus Incanema Andrassy, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Leptonchus Cobb, 1920 (12 species)
Genus Meylis Goseco, Ferris & Ferris, 1974 (3 species)
Genus Paraleptonchus Dhanam & Jairajpuri, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Proleptonchus Lordello, 1955 (28 species)
Species japonicus Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Species kazirangus Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Species prerectus Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Genus Proleptonchoides Ferris, Goseco & Kumar, 1979 (3 species)
Subfamily Tylencholaimellinae Jairajpuri, 1964 (10 genera, 81 species) 101
Tribe Tylencholaimellini Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Subtribe Tylencholaimellinii Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Genus Agmodorus Thorne, 1964 (5 species)
mellinae) in Mydonomidae on the basis of some genetic and morphological affinities, but based on very incomplete sampling of the respective
families and species, so it is not accepted.
97 The genus Paraqudsiella is placed in Athernamatinae rather than Belondiridae because it has no sheath around the oesophageal expan-
sion, but has an asymmetric stylet and short, non-cylindrical bulb.
100 Originally created as a genus by Siddiqi &Khan (1965).
101 Wu et al. (2019) proposed placing the genera Athernema and Agmodorus (currently Leptonchidae Tylenchlaimellinae) in Mydonomidae
on the basis of some genetic and morphological affinities, but based on very incomplete sampling of the respective families and species, so it
is not accepted.

Genus Dorella Jairajpuri, 1964 (4 species)
Genus Doryllium Cobb, 1920 (16 species) 102
Species assymetricum Ahmad, Ahad, Islam & Sturhan, 2018
Species enigmatum Ahmad, Ahad, Islam & Sturhan, 2018
Genus Gerthus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris, 1975 (4 species)
Genus Goferus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Margollus Pena-Santaigo, Peralta & Siddiqi, 1993 (4 species)
Species bokanicus Pachideh, Niknam, Jabbari & Pena-Santiago, 2015
Genus Oostenbrinkella Jairajpuri, 1965 (3 species)
Genus Paratylencholaimus Wu, Xu, Xie & Wang, 2019 (1 species)
Species sanshaensis Wu, Xu, Xie & Wang, 2019
Genus Phellonema Thorne, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Tylencholaimellus Cobb, 1915 (42 species)
Subgenus Coronatylencholaimellus Thorne, 1939 (9 species)
Subgenus Tylencholaimellus Cobb, 1915 (33 species)
Species arabicus Ahmad & Ahad, 2018
Species masakii Ahmad & Ahad, 2018
Species persicus Adeldoost, Heydari & Pedram, 2015
Species zeinabadensis Vasifehe, Niknam, Jabbari, Naghavi & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Subfamily Tyleptinae Jairajpuri, 1964 (3 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Tyleptini Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Subtribe Tyleptinii Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Genus Caveonchus Siddiqi, 1982 (5 species)
Species siddiqii Ahad & Ahmad, 2017
Genus Gymnotyleptus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Tyleptus Thorne, 1939 (9 species)
Family Tylencholaimidae Filipjev, 1934 (Siddiqi, 1969) (4 subfamilies, 27 genera, 150 species) 103
Subfamily Mumtaziinae Andrassy, 1976 (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Mumtaziini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Mumtaziinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Mumtazium Siddiqi, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Promumtazium Siddiqi, 1982 (2 species)
Subfamily Tylencholaiminae Filipjev, 1934 (17 genera, 116 species)
Tribe Tylencholaimini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Tylencholaiminii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Capilonchus Siddiqi, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Chitwoodieloides Ahmad & Araki, 2003 (3 species)
Genus Chitwoodiellus Jimenez-Guirado & Pena-Santiago, 1992 (5 species)
Genus Chitwoodius Furstenburg & Heys, 1966 (15 species)
Species coffeae Ha, Hoang, Nguyen, Trinh, Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Species Ahmadi Ha, Hoang, Nguyen, Trinh, Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Genus Copalonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 104 105
Species colombiana Poinar, 2011
Genus Calvigula Siddiqi, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Discomyctus Thorne, 1939 (10 species)
Genus Lawtonema Siddiqi, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Meylonema Andrassy, 1959 (3 species)
102 According to Ahmad et al. (2018).

103 Subfamily created by Filipjev (1934).
104 Sub-fossil, Colombian copal.
105 Affinities uncertain according to Poinar (2011). Classified here tentatively on the basis of the apparently short oesophagus, rounded
tail, body size, and that a member of the family is known to occur in tree bark.

Genus Rostrulium Siddiqi, 1995 (3 species)
Species indicum Islam, Imran & Ahmad, 2019
Genus Sclerolaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Tantunema Siddiqi, 1982 (7 species)
Species indicum Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Species pakistanense (Timm, 1964) Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
syn Tylencholaimus pakistanensis Timm, 1964 (Ahad & Ahmad, 2016)
Genus Tsukubanema Ahmad & Araki, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Tylenchodoroides Gagarin, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Tylencholaimus De-Man, 1876 (58 species)
Subgenus Amphitylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (8 species)
Subgenus Disctylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (3 species)
Subgenus Leptotylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (2 species)
Subgenus Opisthotylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (3 species)
Subgenus Protylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (2 species)
Subgenus Pseudotylencholaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (2 species)
Subgenus Tylencholaimus De-Man, 1876 (32 species)
Species arakii Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Species discus Golhasan, Heydari & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Species helanensis Wu, Yu, Xie, Xu, Yu & Wang, 2018
Species ladakhiensis Ahad & Ahmad, 2016
Species sumenkovae Gagarin & Butorina, 2014
Species zhongshanensis Wu, Xu, Xie & Wang, 2019
Genus Utahnema Thorne, 1939 (3 species)
Genus Wasimellus Bloemers & Wanless, 1996 (1 species)
Subfamily Vanderlindiinae Siddiqi, 1969 (4 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Vanderlindiini Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Vanderlindiinii Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Curvidorylaimus Jairajpuri & Goodey, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Metadorylaimus Jairajpuri & Goodey, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Neometadorylaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Vanderlindia Heyns, 1964 (3 species)
Subfamily Xiphinemellinae Jairajpuri, 1964 (4 genera, 25 species)
Tribe Xiphinemellini Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Subtribe Xiphinemellinii Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Genus Kantbhala Siddiqi, 1982 (5 species)
Genus Loncharionema Goseco, Ferris & Ferris, 1974 (2 species)
Genus Xiphinemella Loos, 1950 (15 species)
Genus Zalophidera Siddiqi, 1982 (3 species)
Family Aulolaimoididae Jairajpuri, 1964 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 15 species)
Subfamily Aulolaimoidinae Jairajpuri, 1964 * (4 genera, 15 species)
Tribe Aulolaimoidini Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Subtribe Aulolaimoidinii Jairajpuri, 1964 *
Genus Adenolaimus Andrassy, 1973 (6 species)
Genus Aulolaimoides Micoletzky, 1915 (6 species)
Genus Cladocephalus Swart & Heyns, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Oostenbrinkia Ali, Suryawanshi & Ahmad, 1973 (2 species)
Family Mydonomidae Thorne, 1964 (3 subfamilies, 14 genera, 113 species),106
Subfamily Calolaiminae Thorne, 1964 (Goseco Ferris & Ferris, 1976) (3 genera, 11 species)
106 Wu et al. (2019) proposed placing the genera Athernema and Agmodorus (currently Leptonchidae Tylenchlaimellinae) in Mydonomidae
on the basis of some genetic and morphological affinities, but based on very incomplete sampling of the respective families and species, so it
is not accepted.

Tribe Calolaimini Thorne, 1964 *
Subtribe Calolaiminii Thorne, 1964 *
Genus Calolaimus Timm, 1964 (8 species)
Genus Miranema Thorne, 1939 (2 species)
Genus Timmus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris, 1976 (1 species)
Subfamily Mydonominae Thorne, 1964 (4 genera, 91 species)
Tribe Mydonomini Thorne, 1964 *
Subtribe Mydonominii Thorne, 1967 *
Genus Dorylaimoides Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (80 species)
Subgenus Arcidorylaimoides Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (4 species)
Subgenus Digidorylaimoides Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (4 species)
Subgenus Dorylaimoides Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (44 species)
Species alborzicus Pedram, Purjam & Vinciguerra, 2012
Species curvicaudatus Gagarin & Gusakov, 2015
Species vietnamicus Gagarin & Gusakov, 2015
Species geraldi Sen, Chatterjee & Manna, 2014
Species shapotouensis Wu, Xu, Xie & Wang, 2019
Subgenus Longidorylaimoides Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992 (10 species)
Subgenus Shamimonema Chawla, Khan & Prasad, 1965 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (6
species)
Subgenus Tarjania Brzeski & Szczygiel, 1961 (Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1992) (12 species)
Genus Morasia Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1969 (6 species)
Genus Mydonomus Thorne, 1964 (4 species)
Genus Scalpenchus Siddiqi, 1995 (1 species)
Subfamily Yunqueinae n. subfam. (7 genera, 11 species) 107
Tribe Yunqueini n. tribe *
Subtribe Yunqueinii n. subtribe *
Genus Bullaenema Sauer, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Durinema Jairajpuri, 1966 (2 species)
Genus Helicobelondira Yeates, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Porternema Suryawanshi, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Oxydiroides Altherr, 1972 (4 species)
Genus Yubeldus Khan, Azmi & Chawla, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Yunqueus Thorne, 1964 (1 species)
Suborder Nygolaimina Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1979 (1 superfamily, 4 families, 6 subfamilies, 15 genera, 131
species) 108
Superfamily Nygolaimoidea Thorne, 1935 (De-Coninck, 1965) (4 families, 6 subfamilies, 15 genera, 131
species)
Family Nygolaimidae Thorne, 1935 (Meyl, 1961) (2 subfamilies, 10 genera, 111 species)
Subfamily Nygolaiminae Thorne, 1935 (7 genera, 98 species)
Tribe Nygolaimini Thorne, 1935 *
Subtribe Nygolaiminii Thorne, 1935 *
Genus Afronygus Heyns, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Aquatides Heyns, 1968 (16 species)
Species heynsi Debabrata, 2017
Genus Clavicuadoides Heyns, 1968 (11 species)
Genus Laevides Heyns, 1968 (12 species)
107 Type genus is Yunqeius Thorne 1964. Diagnostic feature is a very thin mucular sheath around the oesophageal bulb (thicker in other
subfamilies). The family may be paraphyletic, and consists of genera which do not fall into the other subfamilies. Otherwise with the features
of the family.
108 Original designation of suborder Nygolaimina was in a conference proceedings (but proceedings available and more than 10 copies
printed). First published in peer-reviewed journal by Ahmad & Jairajpuri (1980).

Genus Nygolaimus Cobb, 1913 (38 species)
Genus Paranygolaimus Heyns, 1968 (2 species)
Genus Paravulvus Heyns, 1968 (18 species)
Subfamily Solidentinae Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 (3 genera, 13 species)
Tribe Solidentini Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 *
Subtribe Solidentinii Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 *
Genus Clavicauda Heyns, 1968 (4 species)
Species indicus Keya, Gantait & Rizvi, 2019
Genus Feroxides Heyns, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Solididens Heyns, 1968 (8 species)
Family Nygellidae Andrassy, 1958 (Jairajpuri, 1964) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species)
Subfamily Nygellinae Andrassy, 1958 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Nygellini Andrassy, 1958 *
Subtribe Nygellinii Andrassy, 1958 *
Genus Nygellus Thorne, 1939 (5 species)
Family Aetholaimidae Jairajpuri, 1965 (Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species) 109
Subfamily Aetholaiminae Jairajpuri, 1965 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Aetholaimini Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Subtribe Aetholaiminii Jairajpuri, 1965 *
Genus Aetholaimus Jairajpuri, 1965 (5 species)
Family Nygolaimellidae Clark, 1961 (Heyns, 1968) (2 subfamilies, 3 genera, 10 species)
Subfamily Nygolaimellinae Clark, 1961 (2 genera, 7 species)
Tribe Nygolaimellini Clark, 1961 *
Subtribe Nygolaimellinii Clark, 1961 *
Genus Nygolaimellus Loos, 1949 (6 species)
Genus Scapidens Heyns, 1965 (1 species)
Subfamily Nygolaimiinae Andrassy, 1976 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Nygolaimini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Nygolaiminii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Nygolaimium Thorne, 1930 (3 species)
Subclass Bathyodontia Hodda, 2007 (1 superorder, 3 orders, 4 suborders, 7 superfamilies, 12 families, 25 subfamilies, 174
genera, 1137 species)
Superorder Mononchica Hodda, 2007 (3 orders, 4 suborders, 7 superfamilies, 12 families, 25 subfamilies, 174 genera,
1137 species)
Order Bathyodontida Siddiqi, 1983 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 3 families, 3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 12 species) 110
Suborder Bathyodontina Coomans & Loof, 1970 (2 superfamilies, 3 families, 3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 12 species)
Superfamily Cryptonchoidea Chitwood, 1937 (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 2 genera, 7 species)
Family Bathyodontidae Clark, 1961 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subfamily Bathyodontinae Clark, 1961 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Bathyodontini Clark, 1961 *
Subtribe Bathyodontinii Clark, 1961 *
Genus Bathyodontus Fielding, 1950 (3 species)
Family Cryptonchidae Chitwood, 1937 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 4 species)
Subfamily Cryptonchinae Chitwood, 1937 * (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Cryptonchini Chitwood, 1937 *
Subtribe Cryptonchinii Chitwood, 1937 *
Genus Cryptonchus Cobb, 1913 (4 species)
Superfamily Mononchuloidea De-Coninck, 1965 (Coomans & Loof, 1970) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 5
species)
109 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri (1965b).

110 Bathyodontida are equal in rank with Mononchida on the morphological grounds of the structure of the head and oesophagus (Coomans
& Loof 1970). Molecular evidence also separates Bathyodontida from Mononchida (Holterman et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009).

Family Mononchulidae De-Coninck, 1965 (Coomans & Loof, 1970) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 5 species) 111
Subfamily Mononchulinae De-Coninck, 1965 (3 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Mononchulini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Mononchulinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Mononchulus Cobb, 1918 (2 species)
Genus Oionchus Cobb, 1913 (2 species)
Genus Rahmium Andrassy, 1973 (1 species)
Order Mononchida Jairajpuri, 1969 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 5 families, 9 subfamilies, 47 genera, 432 species)
Suborder Mononchina Kirjanova & Krall, 1969 (2 superfamilies, 5 families, 9 subfamilies, 47 genera, 432 species)
Superfamily Anatonchoidea Jairajpuri, 1969 (Jairajpuri, 1971) (2 families, 4 subfamilies, 21 genera, 174
species)
Family Anatonchidae Jairajpuri, 1969 (2 subfamilies, 10 genera, 47 species)
Subfamily Anatonchinae Jairajpuri, 1969 (4 genera, 24 species)
Tribe Anatonchini Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Subtribe Anatonchinii Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Genus Anatonchus Cobb, 1916 (13 species)
Species siddiqii Susulovsky & Winiszewska, 2017
Genus Micatonchus Jairajpuri, Tahseen & Choi, 2001 (3 species)
Genus Tigronchoides Ivanova & Dzuraeva, 1971 (9 species)
Species andrassyi Winiszewska, Susulovsky & Kornobis, 2013
Genus Truxonchus Siddiqi, 1984 (8 species)
Subfamily Miconchinae Andrassy, 1976 (6 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Miconchini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Miconchinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Crassibucca Mulvey & Jensen, 1967 (4 species)
Genus Crassonchus Siddiqi, 2015 (12 species)
Species dissimilis Siddiqi, 2015
Species basalis Siddiqi, 2015
Species colombicus Siddiqi, 2015
Species pengius Siddiqi, 2015
Species fijicus Siddiqi, 2015
Species porosus Siddiqi, 2015
Genus Doronchus Andrassy, 1993 (2 species)
Genus Miconchus Andrassy, 1958 (1 species)
syn Comiconchus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 (Siddiqi, Handoo & Chitwood, 2015)
Species zduni (Susulovsky, 2019) n. comb.
syn Comiconchus zduni Susulovsky, 2019
Genus Paracrassibucca Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Promiconchus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 (3 species)
Family Iotonchidae Jairajpuri, 1969 (2 subfamilies, 11 genera, 127 species)
Subfamily Iotonchinae Jairajpuri, 1969 (6 genera, 109 species)
Tribe Iotonchini Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Subtribe Iotonchinii Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Genus Caputonchus Siddiqi, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Iotonchus Cobb, 1916 (89 species)
Genus Iotonchulus Andrassy, 1993 (4 species)
Genus Jensenonchus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 (6 species)
Genus Mulveyellus Siddiqi, 1984 (5 species)
Genus Nullonchus Siddiqi, 1984 (4 species)
Subfamily Hadronchinae Khan & Jairajpuri, 1980 (5 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Hadronchini Khan & Jairajpuri, 1980 *
111 Subfamily created by De Coninck (1965).

Subtribe Hadronchinii Khan & Jairajpuri, 1980 *
Genus Hadronchoides Jairajpuri & Rahman, 1984 (2 species)
Genus Hadronchulus Ray & Das, 1983 (3 species)
Genus Hadronchus Mulvey & Jensen, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Parahadronchus Mulvey, 1978 (10 species)
Genus Prionchulellus Mulvey & Jensen, 1967 (1 species)
Superfamily Mononchoidea Filipjev, 1934 (Clark, 1961) (3 families, 5 subfamilies, 26 genera, 258 species)
Family Mononchidae Filipjev, 1934 (Chitwood, 1937) (2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 116 species)
Subfamily Mononchinae Filipjev, 1934 (5 genera, 42 species)
Tribe Mononchini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Mononchinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Mononchus Bastian, 1865 (33 species)
Species amplus Gagarin & Naumaova, 2017
Species caudatus Shah & Hussain, 2016
Species caudatus Gagarin & Naumaova, 2017 (junior homonym unresolved at
time of press)
Species labiatus Shah & Hussain, 2016
Species prodentatus Shah & Hussain, 2016
Genus Montonchus Siddiqi, Handoo & Chitwood, 2015 (1 species)
Species montanus (Thorne, 1924) Siddiqi, Handoo & Chitwood, 2015
syn Mononchus montanus Thorne, 1924
Genus Paramononchus Mulvey, 1978 (6 species)
Species major Gagarin & Naumova, 2016
Species rarus Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Genus Nigronchus Siddiqi, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Thorneum Siddiqi, Handoo & Chitwood, 2015 (1 species)
Species amphigonicus (Thorne, 1924) Siddiqi Handoo & Chitwood, 2015
syn Mononchus amphigonicus Thorne, 1924
Subfamily Prionchulinae Andrassy, 1976 (4 genera, 74 species)
Tribe Prionchulini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Prionchulinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Clarkus Jairajpuri, 1970 (12 species)
Species bulyshevae Shmatko & Tabolin, 2017
Genus Coomansus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1977 (21 species)
Species prodontus Shah & Hussain, 2015
Genus Parkellus Jairajpuri, Tahseen & Choi, 2001 (10 species)
Genus Prionchulus Cobb, 1916 (31 species)
Species multidentatus Shah & Hussain, 2015
Species sturhani Vu, Hallmann & Winiszewska, 2018
Family Mylonchulidae Jairajpuri, 1969 (2 subfamilies, 14 genera, 108 species)
Subfamily Mylonchulinae Jairajpuri, 1969 (9 genera, 90 species)
Tribe Mylonchulini Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Subtribe Mylonchulinii Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Genus Brachonchulus Andrassy, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Crestonchulus Siddiqi & Jairajpuri, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Margaronchuloides Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 2010 (1 species)
Genus Margaronchulus Andrassy, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Megaonchulus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Mylonchulus Cobb, 1916 (67 species)
Species labiatus Shah & Abid, 2015
Species caudatus Shah & Abid, 2015
Genus Oligonchulus Andrassy, 1976 (1 species)

Genus Paramylonchulus Siddiqi & Jairajpuri, 2002 (15 species)
Genus Polyonchulus Mulvey & Jensen, 1967 (2 species)
Subfamily Sporonchulinae Jairajpuri, 1969 (5 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Sporonchulini Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Subtribe Sporonchulinii Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Genus Actus Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1974 (6 species)
Genus Granonchulus Andrassy, 1958 (4 species)
Genus Judonchulus Andrassy, 1958 (3 species)
Genus Prionchuloides Mulvey, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Sporonchulus Cobb, 1917 (4 species)
Family Cobbonchidae Jairajpuri, 1969 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 34 species)
Subfamily Cobbonchinae Jairajpuri, 1969 (3 genera, 34 species)
Tribe Cobbonchini Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Subtribe Cobbonchinii Jairajpuri, 1969 *
Genus Cobbonchulus Andrassy, 2009 (1 species)
Genus Cobbonchus Andrassy, 1958 (32 species)
Genus Tricaenonchus Andrassy, 1996 (1 species)
Order Mermithida Hyman, 1951 (2 suborders, 3 superfamilies, 4 families, 13 subfamilies, 122 genera, 693 species)
Suborder Mermithina Andrassy, 1971 (1 superfamily, 2 families, 11 subfamilies, 118 genera, 654 species)
Superfamily Mermithoidea Braun, 1883 (Wulker, 1927) (2 families, 11 subfamilies, 118 genera, 654 species)
Family Mermithidae Braun, 1883 (10 subfamilies, 103 genera, 631 species),112
Subfamily Amphidomermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Amphidomermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Amphidomermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Amphidomermis Filipjev, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Schmassmannimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Subfamily Amphimermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (3 genera, 30 species)
Tribe Amphimermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Amphimermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Amphimermis Kaburaki & Imamura, 1932 (23 species)
Genus Arachnomermis Rubtsov, 1978 (4 species)
Genus Linstowimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (3 species)
Subfamily Eumermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (3 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Eumermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Eumermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Bathymermis Daday, 1911 (5 species)
Genus Eumermis Daday, 1911 (2 species)
Genus Lugamermis Rubtsov, 1978 (2 species)
Subfamily Eurymermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (2 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Eurymermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Eurymermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Ceratomermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Eurymermis Mueller, 1931 (8 species)
Subfamily Hexamermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (2 genera, 37 species)
Tribe Hexamermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Hexamermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Decamermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Hexamermis Steiner, 1924 (36 species)
Species bonarerensis Robredo & Camino, 2019
112 The number of species in this family will vary enormously depending on the concepts of species, and standard of description required
(Curran & Hominick 1981). The figure cited here is a maximum (Rubtsov 1978). The actual number of species described may be only one
third this estimate, omitting many synonyms or descriptions that are inadequate to ever re-diagnose the species.

Species popiliae Mazza Paoli Strangi Torrini Marianelli Peverieri Binazzi Bosio
Sacchi Benvenuti Venanzio Giacometto Roversi & Poinar, 2017
Subfamily Mermithinae Braun, 1883 (86 genera, 476 species)
Tribe Mermithini Braun, 1883 *
Subtribe Mermithinii Braun, 1883 *
Genus Anomalomermis Poinar, Walder & Uno, 2015 (4 species)
Species ephemerophagis Poinar, Walder & Uno, 2015
Species aphidophilus Poinar, 2017
Genus Melolonthinimermis Artyukhovsky, 1963 (5 species)
Genus Mermis Dujardin, 1842 (10 species)
Genus Oesophagomermis Artyukhovsky, 1969 (4 species)
Genus Tunicamermis Couturier, 1951 (3 species)
Tribe Hydromermithini Corti, 1906 n. rank
Subtribe Hydromermithinii Corti, 1906 *
Genus Abathymermis Rubtsov, 1971 (6 species)
Genus Agamermis Cobb, Steiner & Christie, 1923 (6 species)
Genus Agamomermis Stiles, 1903 (10 species)
Genus Allomermis Steiner, 1924 (3 species)
Genus Amphibiomermis Artyukhovsky, 1969 (6 species)
Genus Aphanimermis Rubzov, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Aquaemermis Rubtsov, 1973 (3 species)
Genus Aranimermis Poinar & Benton, 1986 (3 species)
Genus Austromermis Poinar, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Baikalomermis Rubtzov, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Blepharomermis Poinar, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Camponotimermis Pimenova & Muchamedzjanova in Ipatjeva, Pimenova &
Mukhamedzyanova, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Capitomermis Rubzov, 1968 (7 species)
Genus Chrysomelimermis Rubtsov & Salmanov, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Cretacimermis Poinar, Acra & Acra, 1994 (5 species) 113
Species aphidophilus Poinar, 2017
Species chironomae Poinar, 2011
Genus Culicimermis Rubtsov & Isaeva, 1975 (3 species)
Genus Dentomermis Rubtsov & Polishchuk, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Dipteromermis Rubtzov, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Discomermis Coman, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Ditremamermis Camino & Poinar, 1989 (2 species)
Genus Divisispiculimermis Doucet, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Diximermis Nickle, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Drilomermis Poinar & Petersen, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Echinomermella Chitwood, 1933 (2 species)
Genus Eomermis Steiner, 1925 (1 species)
Genus Gammaromermis Rubtsov & Bekman, 1979 (3 species)
Genus Gastromermis Micoletzky, 1923 (82 species)
Subgenus Brevimermis Rubtsov, 1974 (6 species)
Subgenus Gastromermis Micoletzky, 1923 (76 species)
Genus Gordiomermis Heinze, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Gubernaculimermis Ipatyeva & Pimenova, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Heleidomermis Rubtzov, 1970 (4 species)
Genus Heydenius Taylor, 1935 (26 species) 114
113 Fossil, cretaceous amber Myanmar.

114 Fossil, tertiary Baltic and Dominican amber.

Species cecidomyae Poinar, 2011
Species dipterophilus Poinar, 2011
Species lamprophilus Poinar, 2011
Species neotropicus Poinar, 2011
Species psychodae Poinar, 2011
Species saprophilus Poinar, 2011
Species scatophilus Poinar, 2011
Species sciarophilus Poinar, 2011
Species tabanae Poinar, 2011
Genus Hydromermis Corti, 1902 (50 species)
Subgenus Dispimermis Rubtsov, 1980 (16 species)
Subgenus Hydromermis Corti, 1902 (34 species)
Genus Idioblaptus Andrassy, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Imosmermis Rubzov, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Ipatjevimermis Mukhamedzyanova, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Isomermis Coman, 1953 (11 species)
Genus Isthmusimermis Gafurov, 1980 (6 species)
Genus Lanceimermis Artyukhovsky, 1969 (23 species)
Genus Limnomermis Daday, 1911 (28 species)
Genus Longimermis Camino & Stock, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Megalomermis Mueller, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Meximermis Poinar, Lachaud, Castillo & Infante, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Nanomermis Cobb, 1925 (3 species)
Genus Neomesomermis Nickle, 1972 (5 species)
Genus Notonectomermis Rubtsov, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Octomermis Steiner, 1929 (2 species)
Genus Octomyomermis Johnson, 1963 (13 species)
Genus Odonatomermis Rubtsov, 1973 (3 species)
Genus Onchiomermis Rubtzov, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Orthomermis Poinar, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Ovomermis Rubtzov, 1976 (5 species)
Genus Pentatomimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Perutilimermis Nickle, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Pheromermis Poinar, Lane & Thomas, 1976 (10 species)
Genus Phreatomermis Coman, 1953 (1 species)
Genus Psammomermis Pologenzev, 1941 (12 species)
Genus Psyllomermis Rubtzov, 1981 (2 species)
Genus Pulicimermis Rubtzov, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Quadrimermis Coman, 1961 (3 species)
Genus Reesimermis Tsai & Grundmann, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Rhynchomermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Romanomermis Coman, 1961 (17 species)
Genus Schuurmanimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Scirtimermis Kaiser & Klausnitzer, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Simulimermis Gafurov, Bekturganov & Gubaidulin, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinomermis Pologenzev, 1952 (4 species)
Genus Spiculimermis Artyukhovskii in Schikhobalova, 1963 (12 species)
Genus Steinimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Strelkovimermis Rubtsov, 1969 (11 species)
Genus Teleomermis Johnson & Bowen, 1990 (2 species)
Genus Terromermis Artyukovsky & Lisikova, 1977 (2 species)
Genus Tetradomermis Rubtsov, 1967 (9 species)

Genus Tetramermis Steiner, 1925 (3 species)
Genus Thalassomermis Tchesunov & Hope, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Thaumamermis Poinar, 1981 (2 species)
Genus Thraustomermis Song & Peng, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Tokobaevimermis Gafurov & An, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Torsiomermis Kaiser & Schwank, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Trophomermis Johnson & Kleve, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Utriculimermis Kaiser & Deixelberger, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Welchimermis Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Subfamily Mesomermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (1 genus, 45 species)
Tribe Mesomermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Mesomermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Mesomermis Daday, 1911 (45 species)
Species devii Gorgadze & Barjadze, 2017
Subfamily Neomermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Neomermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Neomermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Neomermis Linstow, 1904 (2 species)
Subfamily Paramermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (2 genera, 14 species)
Tribe Paramermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Paramermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Neolimnomermis Rubtsov, 1978 (6 species)
Genus Paramermis Linstow, 1898 (8 species)
Subfamily Pseudomermithinae Rubtsov, 1978 (1 genus, 7 species)
Tribe Pseudomermithini Rubtsov, 1978 *
Subtribe Pseudomermithinii Rubtsov, 1978 *
Genus Pseudomermis De-Man, 1903 (7 species)
Family Tetradonematidae Cobb, 1919 (1 subfamily, 15 genera, 23 species)
Subfamily Tetradonematinae Cobb, 1919 * (15 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Tetradonematini Cobb, 1919 *
Subtribe Tetradonematinii Cobb, 1919 *
Genus Aproctonema Keilin, 1917 (3 species)
Genus Bispiculum Zervos, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Bissonema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Brevinema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Corethrellonema Nickle, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Crassinema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Didilia Tang, Hominick, Killick, Kendrick, Killick, Kendrick & Page, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Heterogonema Van-Waerebeke & Remillet, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Mermithonema Goodey, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Myrmeconema Poinar & Yanoviak, 2008 (3 species)
Species antiqua Poinar, 2011
Genus Nematimermis Tchesunov & Spiridonov, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Palaeotetradonema Poinar, 2011 (4 species)
Species phlebotomae Poinar, 2011
Species sciarae Poinar, 2011
Genus Paraproctonema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Tetradonema Cobb, 1919 (2 species)
Genus Trichonema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Suborder Aulolaimina Hodda, 2007 (2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 39 species) 115
115 Isolaimiidae placed with Mermithida on the basis of the tubules around the head. Isolaimiidae and Aulolaimidae are here placed to-
gether on the basis of molecular evidence (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago 2018, Van Megen et al. 2009). Morphologically, Aulolaimidae has been

Superfamily Aulolaimoidea Jairajpur & Hooper, 1968 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 28
species) 116
Family Aulolaimidae Jairajpur & Hooper, 1968 (Gerlach & Riemann, 1973) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 28
species) 117
Subfamily Aulolaiminae Jairajpur & Hooper, 1968 (3 genera, 28 species)
Tribe Aulolaimini Jairajpur & Hooper, 1968 *
Subtribe Aulolaiminii Jairajpur & Hooper, 1968 *
Genus Aulolaimus De-Man, 1880 (26 species)
Species agricola Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species cribatus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species distortus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species forestalis Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species labiostellatus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species mubarakvilli Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Species quercophilus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Genus Mehdilaimus Prabha, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Pseudoaulolaimus Imamura, 1931 (1 species)
Superfamily Isolaimioidea Timm, 1969 (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 11 species) 118
Family Isolaimiidae Timm, 1969 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 11 species)
Subfamily Isolaimiinae Timm, 1969 * (1 genus, 11 species)
Tribe Isolaimiini Timm, 1969 *
Subtribe Isolaimiinii Timm, 1969 *
Genus Isolaimium Timm, 1969 (11 species)
Subclass Trichocephalia Hodda, 2007 (1 superorder, 4 orders, 4 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 10 families, 12 subfamilies, 56
Superorder Trichocephalica Hodda, 2007 (4 orders, 4 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 10 families, 12 subfamilies, 56 genera,
654 species)
Order Trichocephalida Spasski, 1954 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 5 families, 7 subfamilies, 37 genera, 597 species)
Suborder Trichinellina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 5 families, 7 subfamilies, 37 genera, 597 species)
Superfamily Trichinelloidea Ward, 1907 (Hall, 1916) (5 families, 7 subfamilies, 37 genera, 597 species)
Family Capillariidae Railliet, 1915 (1 subfamily, 20 genera, 416 species)
Subfamily Capillariinae Railliet, 1915 * (20 genera, 416 species)
Tribe Capillariini Railliet, 1915 *
Subtribe Capillariinii Railliet, 1915 *
Genus Aonchotheca Lopez-Neyra, 1947 (60 species)
regarded as a separate family but with no apomorphy to justify any other placements within higher taxonomic ranks (Lorenzen 1981, 1994).
Considering all evidence the family has been placed in Plectida Haliplectoidea and Plectia (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Hodda 2007, respec-
tively). Others considered the evidence inconclusive (Holovachov et al. 2007). With strong molecular support for affinities of Isolaimiidae
and Aulolaimidae, the similarities in the head structure of Isolaimiidae and Mermithidae have added weight and justify placing Isolaimiidae
and Aulolaimidae as a suborder within Mermithida.
116 Aulolaimidae has been placed with either Monhysterida or Plectida (Haliplectoidea) on molecular evidence (De Ley & Blaxter 2004,
Holterman et al. 2006), was unresolved in later molecular analyses (Van Megen et al. 2009), or most closely related to Cylindrolaimus (Areo-
laimina) (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago 2018a). The family was placed within Enoplida (Ironoidea) or Plectida (Leptolaimina) on morphological
grounds (Andrassy 1976, Lorenzen 1994). A polychotomy with Monhysterida and Plectida was therefore proposed, with consequent rank as a
separate Order within the subclass Plectia (Hodda 2007).
117 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri & Hooper (1968).
118 Molecular evidence points to unresolved similarities of Isolaimoidea to Bathyodontia, Dorylaimida and Araeolaimida (De Ley & Blaxter
2004, Meldal et al. 2007, Holterman et al. 2006). Morphological evidence has been viewed as similarly inconclusive within the same group of
phyla (Timm 1961, Theodorides 1965, De Coninck 1965). Isolaimina contains few, poorly-known species. It was regarded as a separate Order
(Cobb 1919, Hodda 2007, Timm 1961), based on the apomorphy of 6 tubules around the head. As constituted in the present classification,
Aulolaimina and Mermithida can accommodate the family on the basis of similarities in head structure and general body size. However, this
placement is provisional and more investigation will be necessary to place the family with any certainty.

Subgenus Aonchotheca Lopez-Neyra, 1947 (56 species)
Species pulchra (Freitas, 1943) Ferreira-Cardia, Lux-Hoppe, Tebaldi, Fornazari
Menozzi, Langoni, do-Nascimento & Saraiva-Bresciani, 2014
syn Pterothomix pulchra Freitas, 1943 (Ferreira-Cardia, Lux-Hoppe, Tebaldi,
Fornazari, Menozzi, Langoni, do-Nascimento & Saraiva-
-Bresciani, 2014)
Species yannickchavali Veciana, Chaisiri, Morand & Ribas, 2016
Subgenus Armocapillaria Gagarin & Nazarova, 1966 (4 species)
Genus Baruscapillaria Moravec, 1982 (36 species)
Genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 (168 species)
Subgenus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 (157 species)
Species appendigera Moravec & Barton, 2018
Subgenus Capillaroides Moravec, 1987 (1 species)
Subgenus Hepatocapillaria Moravec, 1987 (2 species)
Subgenus Neocapillaria Moravec, 1987 (5 species)
Species plectropomi Moravec & Justine, 2015
Subgenus Procapillaria Moravec, 1987 (3 species)
Genus Chondronema Christie & Chitwood, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Crocodylocapillaria Moravec & Spratt, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Eucoleus Dujardin, 1845 (34 species)
Genus Freitascapillaria Moravec, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Gessyella Freitas, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Indocapillaria De & Maity, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Lobocapillaria Moravec & Beveridge, 2017 (4 species)
Species austropacifica Moravec & Beveridge, 2017
Species spyraeni (Parukhin, 1971) Moravec & Beveridge, 2017
syn Capillaria spyraeni Parukhin, 1971 (Moravec & Beveridge, 2017)
Genus Nematoideum Diesing, 1851 (1 species)
Genus Ornithocapillaria Barus & Sergeeva, 1990 (7 species)
Genus Paracapillaria Mendonca, 1963 (21 species)
Subgenus Crossicapillaria Moravec, 2001 (1 species)
Subgenus Ophidiocapillaria Moravec, 1986 (9 species)
Subgenus Paracapillaria Mendonca, 1963 (11 species)
Genus Paracapillaroides Moravec, Salgado, Maldonado & Caspeta-Mandujano, 1999 (1
species)
Genus Piscicapillaria Moravec, 1982 (9 species)
Subgenus Lomakinela Moravec, 1987 (1 species)
Subgenus Piscicapillaria Moravec, 1982 (8 species)
Species bursata Moravec & Barton, 2019
Genus Pseudocapillaria Freitas, 1959 (27 species)
Subgenus Discocapillaria De & Maity, 1996 (1 species)
Subgenus Ichthyocapillaria Moravec, 1982 (9 species)
Subgenus Pseudocapillaria Freitas, 1959 (17 species)
Genus Pterothominx Freitas, 1959 (22 species)
Subgenus Avesaonchotheca Barus & Sergejeva, 1990:23 (9 species)
Subgenus Pterothominx Freitas, 1959 (13 species)
Genus Schulmanela Ivaskin, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Tridentocapillaria Barus & Sergeeva, 1990 (5 species)
Genus Undescribed Moravec & Barton, 2018 (15 species)
sp. 1 Moravec & Barton, 2018

Family Cystoopsidae Skryabin, 1923 (2 subfamilies, 2 genera, 7 species)
Subfamily Cystoopsinae Skryabin, 1923 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Cystoopsini Skryabin, 1923 *
Subtribe Cystoopsinii Skryabin, 1923 *
Genus Cystoopsis Wagner, 1867 (3 species)
Subfamily Dioctowittinae Chabaud & Le-Van-Hoa, 1960 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Dioctowittini Chabaud & Le-Van-Hoa, 1960 *
Subtribe Dioctowittinii Chabaud & Le-Van-Hoa, 1960 *
Genus Dioctowittus Chabaud & Le-Van-Hoa, 1960 (4 species)
Family Trichinellidae Ward, 1907 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 18 species)
Subfamily Trichinellinae Ward, 1907 * (4 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Trichinellini Ward, 1907 *
Subtribe Trichinellinii Ward, 1907 *
Genus Brevithominx Travassos, Teixeira-De-Freitas & Machado-De-Mendonca, 1964 (1
species)
Genus Echinocoleus Lopez-Neyra, 1947 (5 species)
Genus Hepatospina Thieme, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Trichinella Railliet, 1895 (11 species)
Subgenus Bessonoviella Bessonov, 1996 (4 species)
Subgenus Trichinella Railliet, 1895 (7 species)
Species patagoniensis Farina, Pasqualetti, Ilgova, Cardillo, Ercole, Aronowicz,
Krivokapich, Kasny & Ribicich, 2017
Family Trichosomoididae Hall, 1916 (York & Maplestone, 1926) (2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 29 species)
Subfamily Anatrichosomatinae Smith & Chitwood, 1954 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Anatrichosomatini Smith & Chitwood, 1954 *
Subtribe Anatrichosomatinii Smith & Chitwood, 1954 *
Genus Anatrichosoma Smith & Chitwood, 1945 (5 species)
Subfamily Trichosomoidinae Hall, 1916 (4 genera, 24 species)
Tribe Trichosomoidini Hall, 1916 *
Subtribe Trichosomoidinii Hall, 1916 *
Genus Huffmanela Moravec, 1987 (17 species)
Species hamo Justine & Iwaki, 2014
Species lusitana Ramos, Carvalho, Rosa, Alexandre-Pires, Seixas, Esteves &
Huffman, 2019
Genus Paratrichosoma Ashford & Muller, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Trichosomoides Railliet, 1895 (4 species)
Genus Trichuroides Ricci, 1949 (1 species)
Family Trichuridae Ransom, 1911 (Railliet, 1915) (1 subfamily, 6 genera, 127 species)
Subfamily Trichurinae Ransom, 1911 (6 genera, 127 species)
Tribe Trichurini Ransom, 1911 *
Subtribe Trichurinii Ransom, 1911 *
Genus Capillostrongyloides Freitas & Lent, 1935 (9 species)
Species morae Gonzalez-Solis, Carrasson & Perez-del-Olmo, 2014
Genus Orthothominx Teixeira-De-Freitas & Jorge-Da-Silva, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Pearsonema Teixeira-De-Freitas & Machado-De-Mendonca, 1960 (4 species)
Genus Sclerotrichum Rudolphi, 1819 (1 species)
Genus Tenoranema Mas-Coma & Esteban, 1985 (5 species)
Genus Trichuris Roederer, 1761 (107 species)
Species bainae Del-Rosario-Robles, Cutillas, Javier-Panei & Callejon, 2015
Species colobae Cutillas de-Rojas, Zurita, Oliveros & Callejon, 2014
Species cutillasae Eberhardt, Del-Rosario-Robles, Monje, Beldomenico &

Callejon, 2019
Species duplantieri Ribas, Diagne, Tatard, Diallo, Poonlaphdecha & Brouat, 2017
Species mallomyos Hasegawa & Dewi, 2017
Species massoiai Del-Rossario-Robles, Cutillas & Callejon, 2018
Species musseri Hasegawa & Dewi, 2017
Species silviae Panti-May & Robles, 2016
Species ursinus Callejon, Halajian & Cutillas, 2017
Order Marimermithida Rubtzov, 1980 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 5 genera, 6 species)
Suborder Marimermithina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 5 genera, 6 species)
Superfamily Marimermithoidea Rubtzov & Platonova, 1974 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 5 genera, 6
species)
Family Marimermithidae Rubtzov & Platonova, 1974 (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 6 species)
Subfamily Marimermithinae Rubtzov & Platonova, 1974 * (5 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Marimermithini Rubtzov & Platonova, 1974 *
Subtribe Marimermithinii Rubtzov & Platonova, 1974 *
Genus Acronema Rubtsov, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Ananus Rubtsov, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Aborjinia Ozdikmen, 2010 nom nov. pro Australonema Tshesunov & Spiridonov,
1985 nec Australonema Tassel, 1980 (Gastropoda) (1 species)
Genus Marimermis Rubzov & Platonova, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Thalassonema Ward, 1933 (2 species)
Order Dioctophymatida Ryzhikov & Sonin, 1981 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 37
species)
Suborder Dioctophymatina Chitwood, 1933 (1 superfamily, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 37 species) 119
Superfamily Dioctophymatoidea Railliet, 1915 (Roman, 1965) (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 37 species)
Family Dioctophymatidae Railliet, 1915 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 27 species)
Subfamily Dioctophymatinae Railliet, 1915 * (4 genera, 27 species)
Tribe Dioctophymatini Railliet, 1915 *
Subtribe Dioctophymatinii Railliet, 1915 *
Genus Dioctophyme Collet-Meygret, 1802 (1 species)
Genus Eustrongylides Jaegerskiold, 1909 (17 species)
Genus Hystrichis Dujardin, 1845 (7 species)
Genus Neostrongyloides Rathore & Nama, 1988 (2 species)
Family Soboliphymatidae Petrov, 1930 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 10 species)
Subfamily Soboliphymatinae Petrov, 1930 * (1 genus, 10 species)
Tribe Soboliphymatini Petrov, 1930 *
Subtribe Soboliphymatinii Petrov, 1930 *
Genus Soboliphyme Petrov, 1930 (10 species)
Order Muspiceida Spratt & Nicholas, 2002 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 14 species) 120
Suborder Muspiceina Spratt & Nicholas, 2002 (1 superfamily, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 14 species)
Superfamily Muspiceioidea Brumpt, 1930 (Bain & Chabaud, 1968) (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 9 genera, 14
species)
119 Created as suborder Dioctophymata (Chitwood 1933), but this pre-dates adoption of current uniform endings for names of higher ranks.
First to use in current form was Clark (1961).
120 Placed in this superorder on morphological evidence (Anderson & Bain 1982, Spratt & Nicholas 2002). ). Authority often cited as
Bain & Chabaud 1959, but such a publication has been unable to be located, and Odile Bain did not join the MHN to work with Alain Chabaud
until 1964 (Martin 2012). The earliest verifiable source by these authors on the group (Bain & Chabaud 1968) refers to the group as a Family.
The affinities and taxonomic position of the group has long been uncertain (Spratt & Nicholas 2002), but the unique features generating this
uncertainty (often through reduction or loss of morphological structures) also mean that a separate order is (at least provisionally) justified
(Spratt 2014). The earliest use of the name as an order that was located in an extensive search was Spratt & Nicholas (2002), although a formal
description and diagnosis as an order was first published by Spratt (2014).

Family Muspiceidae Brumpt, 1930 * (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 8 species) 121
Subfamily Muspiceinae Brumpt, 1930 (Bain & Chabaud, 1968) * (5 genera, 8 species) 122
Tribe Muspiceini Brumpt, 1930 *
Subtribe Muspiceinii Brumpt, 1930 *
Genus Lukonema Chabaud & Bain, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Maseria Rausch & Rausch, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Muspicea Sambon, 1925 (2 species)
Genus Pennisia Bain & Chabaud, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Riouxgolvania Bain & Chabaud, 1968 (3 species)
Family Robertdollfusidae Chabaud & Campana, 1950 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 6 species)
Subfamily Robertdollfusinae Chabaud & Campana, 1950 * (4 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Robertdollfusini Chabaud & Campana, 1950 *
Subtribe Robertdollfusinii Chabaud & Campana, 1950 *
Genus Durikainema Spratt & Speare, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Haycocknema Spratt, Beveridge, Andrews & Dennett, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Lappnema Bain & Nikander, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Robertdollfusa Chabaud & Campana-Rouget, 1950 (2 species)
Class Chromadorea Inglis, 1983 (2 subclasses, 5 superorders, 15 orders, 31 suborders, 65 superfamilies, 200 families, 358
Subclass Chromadoria Adamson, 1987 (1 superorder, 4 orders, 4 suborders, 5 superfamilies, 22 families, 36 subfamilies,
Superorder Chromadorica Hodda, 2007 (4 orders, 4 suborders, 5 superfamilies, 22 families, 36 subfamilies, 230 genera,
2163 species)
Order Chromadorida Chitwood, 1933 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 6 families, 12 subfamilies, 85 genera, 780 species)
Suborder Chromadorina Filipjev, 1929 (1 superfamily, 6 families, 12 subfamilies, 85 genera, 780 species)
Superfamily Chromadoroidea Filipjev, 1917 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (6 families, 12
subfamilies, 85 genera, 780 species)
Family Chromadoridae Filipjev, 1917 (5 subfamilies, 46 genera, 443 species) 124
Subfamily Chromadorinae Filipjev, 1917 (12 genera, 132 species)
Tribe Chromadorini Filipjev, 1917 *
Subtribe Chromadorinii Filipjev, 1917 *
Genus Algoanema Heyns & Furstenberg, 1987 (1 species) 125
Genus Atrochromadora Wieser, 1959 (5 species)
Genus Chromadora Bastian, 1865 (29 species) 126
Genus Chromadorella Filipjev, 1918 (14 species) 127
Genus Chromadorina Filipjev, 1918 (27 species) 128
Genus Macrochromadora Kreis, 1929 (1 species) 129
Genus Prochromadora Filipjev, 1922 (10 species) 130
121 The authority is often cited as Roman (1965), who fully characterized the family, but the earliest use of the name and diagnosis was by
Brumpt (1930).
122 Originally described as a sub-family by Brumpt (1930).
123 Spermatogenesis and development provide evidence for the separation of Chromadorea from Dorylaimea and Enoplea (Yushin & Mal-
akhov 2004, Schierenberg & Lahl 2004).
124 Classification and number of species follows Venekey et al. (2019).
125 Genus dubium according to Venekey et al. (2019), who did not accept the differentiating feature proposed by Heyns & Furstenberg
(1987) of lateral differentiation of the cuticle. As lateral differentiation of cuticle is a commonly used differentiating feature in Chromadoroi-
dea, the genus is regarded as valid herein.
126 Including species inquirenda generally described before 1960.
127 Excluding 2 species inquirenda according to Venekey et al. (2019).
129 Not mentioned by Venekey et al. (2019) or other recent revisers, so included until reviewed, but probably a genus dubium.
130 According to Venekey et al. (2019).

Genus Prochromadorella Micoletzky, 1924 (33 species) 131
Genus Punctodora Filipjev, 1930 (5 species) 132
Genus Rhabdotoderma Marion, 1870 (1 species) 133
Genus Timmia Hopper, 1961 (3 species) 134
Genus Trichromadora Kreis, 1929 (3 species) 135
Subfamily Euchromadorinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (12 genera, 70 species)
Tribe Euchromadorini Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Subtribe Euchromadorinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 * 136
Genus Actinonema Cobb, 1920a (5 species) 137
syn Adeuchromadora Boucher & De Bovee, 1971 (Venekey, Gheller, Kandratavicius,
Cunha, Vilas-Boas, Fonseca & Maria, 2019)
Species dolichurum Gagarin & Long, 2017
Species falciforme Shi, Yu & Zu, 2018
Species longicaudatoides Gagarin, 2015
Species parvum Gagarin, 2015
Species pachydermatum Cobb, 1920
syn megamphida (Boucher & Bovee, 1971)
syn Adeuchromadora megamphida Bocher & Bovee, 1971
Genus Crestanema Pastor-De-Ward, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Endeolophos Boucher, 1976 (5 species) 138
Genus Euchromadora De-Man, 1886 (26 species) 139
Genus Euchromanema Kulikov & Dashchenko, 1991 (2 species) 140
Genus Graphonema Cobb, 1898 (10 species) 141
Genus Nygmatonchus Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 142
Genus Parapinnanema Inglis, 1969 (1 species) 143
syn Austranema Inglis, 1969 (Warwick & Coles, 1975)
Species hawaiiensis Semprucci & Sorensen, 2014
Genus Portmacquaria Blome, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Rhips Cobb, 1920 (9 species) 144

133 Genus dubium
136 Dicriconema Steiner & Hoeppli 1926 has been regarded as genus dubium by the majority of studies over the last 50 years (Inglis 1969,
Kulikov & Dashchenko 1991, Wieser 1954) although it has also been considered invalid (Venekey et al. 2019) and omitted without comment
(Tchesunov 2014) and considered valid without comment (Gerlach & Riemann 1973, Lorenzen 1994). Given the agreed close relationship
with the genus Euchromadora, and small, inconsistent differences in the cuticle meaning that these genera cannot be unequivocably diagnosed,
it is regarded as a synonym of Euchromadora.
137 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but excluding 1 species inquirendum and 2 species described by Gagarin (2015).
139 Species number according to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 4 species incerta sedis and 12 species inquirenda all described before
1959. There are 2 subgenera (the nominotypical one plus Odontocricus Steiner 1918), with the single species of the latter mostly considered
species dubium (Inglis 1969, Lorenzen 1994, Wieser 1954), but considered valid by others (Cobb 1933 (who considered Odontocricus a ge-
nus), Coles 1965).
140 Genus dubium according to Venekey et al. (2019), but here regarded as valid, differing from Endeolophos by the developed posterior
pharyngeal bulb (absent in Endeoplophos; Holovachov et al. 2011, Tchesunov 2014 and Venekey et al. 2019), and differing from Actinonema
by the cuticular ornamentation (simple vs complex).
141 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 species inquirendum described in 1954 and excluding 2 nomina nuda.
144 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 species inquirendum described in 1961.

Genus Steineridora Inglis, 1969 (4 species) 145
Genus Trochamus Boucher & De Bovee, 1971 (5 species) 146
Subfamily Harpagonchinae Platonova & Potin, 1972 (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Harpagonchini Platonova & Potin, 1972 *
Subtribe Harpagonchinii Platonova & Potin, 1972 *
Genus Harpagonchoides Platonova & Potin, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Harpagonchus Platonova & Potin, 1972 (2 species)
Subfamily Hypodontolaiminae De-Coninck, 1965 (16 genera, 169 species)
Tribe Hypodontolaimini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Hypodontolaiminii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Chromadorissa Filipjev, 1918 (3 species) 147
Genus Chromadorita Filipjev, 1922 (38 species) 148
Species fennica Jensen, 1979
syn arctica Gagarin, 1999 (Tsalolikhin, 2019)
Species orientalis Gagarin & Thanh, 2017
Species regabi Baldrighi, Vanreusel, Zeppilli, Sandulli & Segonzac, 2018
Genus Dasylaimus Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 149
Genus Deltanema Kreis, 1929 (1 species) 150
Genus Denticulella Cobb, 1933 (4 species) 151
Genus Dichromadora Kreis, 1929 (2 species) 152
syn Protochromadora Inglis, 1969 (Warwick & Coles, 1975)
Species antarcticum Shimada, Tsujimoto & Watanabe, 2019
Species rigida Nguyen, Nguyen & Gagarin, 2016
Genus Hypodontolaimus De-Man, 1886 (30 species) 153
Species ventrapophyses Huang & Gao, 2016
Genus Innocuonema Inglis, 1969 (10 species) 154
Genus Karkinochromadora Blome, 1982 (1 species) 155
Genus Megadontolaimus Timm, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Neochromadora Micoletzky, 1924 (32 species) 156
Genus Panduripharynx Timm, 1961 (3 species)
Genus Parachromadorita Blome, 1974 (1 species)
145 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 species inquirendum described in 1969.
146 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but excluding 1 nomen nudum.
148 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 2 species inquirenda described before 1916 and including 3 nomina nuda, which, ac-
cording to Venekey et al. (2019) are well characterized and divergent from others in the genus, but lack a valid name.
149 Mostly regarded as genus dubium, based on limited specimens and information in the description (Hope & Murphy 1972, Kulikov &
Dashchenko 1991, Lorenzen 1994, Venekey et al. 2019), but included in the subfamily by Wieser (1954).
150 Mostly regarded as genus dubium, based on limited specimens and information in the description (Smol & Decraemer 2006, Tchesunov
2014, Venekey et al. 2019), but recognized as valid by Lorenzen (1994). The genus is close to Chromadorina and Chromadorita but distin-
guished from these genera by the well-developed teeth (Kreis 1929).
152 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 species which, according to Venekey et al. (2019) is well characterized and divergent
from others in the genus, but lacks a valid name, and so is a nomen nudum.
153 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 2 species inquirenda described before 1951, and hence difficult to verify by modern
criteria.
154 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 5 species inquirenda all described by Allgen (1932, 1947) , and hence difficult to
verify by modern criteria.
155 Regarded as valid by Tchesunov (2014) and Venekey et al. (2019).
156 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 species inquirendum described in 1943, and hence difficult to verify by modern
criteria.

Genus Paradichromadora Dashchenko, 1991 (1 species) 157
Genus Ptycholaimellus Cobb, 1920 (26 species) 158
Species longibulbus Wang, An & Huang, 2015
Species pirus Huang & Gao, 2016
Genus Spilophorella Filipjev, 1918 (14 species) 159
Subfamily Spilipherinae Filipjev, 1918 (4 genera, 69 species)
Tribe Spilipherini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Spilipherinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Acantholaimus Allgen, 1951 (57 species) 160
Species formosus Miljutina, Miljutin & Tchesunov, 2013
Species marliae Manoel, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2017
Species skukinae Miljutina, Miljutin & Tchesunov, 2013
Genus Spiliphera Bastian, 1865 (9 species) 161
Genus Trichromadorita Timm, 1961 (2 species) 162
Genus Tridentellia Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (1 species) 163
Family Ethmolaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 27 species)
Subfamily Ethmolaiminae Lorenzen, 1981 * (4 genera, 27 species)
Tribe Ethmolaimini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Ethmolaiminii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Ethmodora Khera, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Ethmolaimus De-Man, 1880 (17 species)
Species riparius Gagarin & Naumova, 2016
Genus Filitonchoides Jensen, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Paraethmolaimus Jensen, 1994 (8 species)
Species appendixocaudatus Jensen, 1994
Species dahli (Gerlach, 1953) Jensen, 1994
Species minor Nguyen & Gagarin, 2018
Family Nemavermidae Poinar, 2011 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species)
Subfamily Nemaverminae Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Nemavermini Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus)
Subtribe Nemaverminii Poinar, 2011 *
Genus Nemavermes Schram, 1973 (2 species)
Species mackeei Schram, 1973
Family Neotonchidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 25 species)
Subfamily Neotonchinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (5 genera, 25 species)
Tribe Neotonchini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Neotonchinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Comesa Gerlach, 1956 (11 species)
Genus Filitonchus Platt, 1982 (3 species)
157 Possibly a synonym of Chromadorita (Venekey et al. 2019), but status remains uncertain.
159 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 1 nomen nudum described by Wieser (1959), and hence difficult to verify by modern
criteria.
160 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 13 species as nomina nuda which, according to Venekey et al. (2019) are well charac-
terized and divergent from others in the genus, but lack valid names because described in theses (Bussau 1993, Soetaert 1989). The nomen-
clatural availability of the nomina proposed by Bussau (1993) in a thesis have been controversial and not always accepted, but were considered
to fulfil all requirements of the ICZN by Holovachov (2020).
161 According to Venekey et al. (2019), but including 7 species inquirenda described before 1959, mostly by Allgen (1959) , and hence dif-
ficult to verify by modern criteria.
162 Considered valid by Lorenzen (1994) but genus dubium by Venekey et al. (2019).
163 Considered invalid by Venekey et al. (2019), but with affinities to the genus Acantholaimus by Gerlach & Riemann (1973) and Lorenzen
(1994). Status and affinities unclear because of limitations in specimens and description.

Genus Gomphionchus Platt, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Gomphionema Wieser & Hopper, 1966 (4 species)
Genus Neotonchus Cobb, 1933 (6 species)
Family Achromadoridae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (Lorenzen, 1981) (2 subfamilies, 3 genera, 26 species)
Subfamily Achromadorinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (1 genus, 24 species)
Tribe Achromadorini Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Subtribe Achromadorinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Genus Achromadora Cobb, 1913 (24 species)
Subfamily Kreisonematinae Khera, 1969 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Kreisonematini Khera, 1969 *
Subtribe Kreisonematinii Khera, 1969 *
Genus Kreisonema Khera, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Paradoxolaimus Kreis, 1924 (1 species)
Family Cyatholaimidae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (2 subfamilies, 26
Subfamily Cyatholaiminae Filipjev, 1918 (22 genera, 141 species)
Tribe Cyatholaimini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Cyatholaiminii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Biarmifer Wieser, 1954 (3 species)
Genus Boreomicrolaimoides Allgen, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Cyatholaimus Bastian, 1865 (26 species)
Genus Cyathoshiva Datta, Miljutin, Chakraborty & Mohapatra, 2016 (2 species)
Species amaleshi Datta, Miljutin, Chakraborty & Mohapatra, 2016
Genus Dentatonema Kreis, 1928 (1 species)
Genus Dispira Cobb, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Isacanthonchus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2008 (1 species)
Genus Kraspedonema Gerlach, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Longicyatholaimus Micoletzky, 1924 (16 species)
Species orientalis Gagarin & Thanh, 2015
Genus Marylynnia Hopper, 1977 (21 species)
Species puncticaudata Boufahja & Beyrem, 2014
Genus Metacyatholaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1942 (9 species)
Species delicatus Leduc & Zhao, 2018
Genus Micracanthonchus Allgen, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Nannolaimoides Ott, 1972 (2 species)
Genus Nannolaimus Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Genus Paracyatholaimoides Gerlach, 1953 (3 species)
Genus Paralongicyatholaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1942 (5 species)
Genus Paramarylynnia Huang & Zhang, 2007 (1 species)
Genus Phyllolaimus Murphy, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Pomponema Cobb, 1917 (32 species)
Species multisupplementa Huang & Zhang, 2014
Species veronicae Cidreira, Pinheiro-Junior, Venekey & De-Souza-Alves, 2019
Genus Praeacanthonchus Micoletzky, 1924 (6 species) 164
Genus Xenocyatholaimus Gerlach, 1953 (1 species)
Genus Xyzzors Inglis, 1963 (3 species)
Subfamily Paracanthonchiinae De-Coninck, 1965 (4 genera, 116 species)
Tribe Paracanthonchini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Paracanthonchinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
164 Leduc & Zhao (2018) suggest Praeacanthonchus may be better placed in Paracanthonchinae, based on molecular evidence, but the level
of support for this conclusion was low and the taxon sampling sparse. This conclusion may have support from cuticular characteristics, but is
contrary to the alternative placement of the genus in Cyatholaiminae based on gubernaculum structure.

Genus Acanthonchus Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Species singaporensis Chen, Nguyen & Smol, 2015
Genus Seuratiella Ditlevsen, 1923 (1 species)
Genus Paracanthonchus Micoletzky, 1923 (80 species) 165
Species brevicaudatus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Species mamubiae Miljutina & Miljutin, 2015
Species miltommatus Leduc & Zhao, 2018
Species securus Nguyen & Gagarin, 2018
Genus Paracyatholaimus Micoletzky, 1922 (32 species)
Species qingdaoensis Huang & Xu, 2013
Species huanhhaiensis Huang & Xu, 2013
Order Selachinematida (Hodda, 2007) (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 5 families, 5 subfamilies, 19 genera, 151 species)
Suborder Selachinematina (Hodda, 2007) (1 superfamily, 5 families, 5 subfamilies, 19 genera, 151 species)
Superfamily Selachinematoidea Cobb, 1915 (Hodda, 2007) (5 families, 5 subfamilies, 19 genera, 151
species)166
Family Paramicrolaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 9 species) 167
Subfamily Paramicrolaiminae Lorenzen, 1981 * (1 genus, 9 species)
Tribe Paramicrolaimini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Paramicrolaiminii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Paramicrolaimus Wieser, 1954 (9 species)
Species damodarani Jacob, Jaleel & Vijayan, 2015
Species hohonucola Leduc, Verdon & Zhao, 2018
Family Selachinematidae Cobb, 1915 (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 subfamily, 8 genera, 43 species) 168
Subfamily Selachinematinae Cobb, 1915 (8 genera, 43 species)
Tribe Selachinematini Cobb, 1915 *
Subtribe Selachinematinii Cobb, 1915 *
Genus Cheironchus Cobb, 1917 (8 species)
Genus Demonema Cobb, 1894 (1 species)
Genus Kosswigonema Gerlach, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Pseudocheironchus Leduc, 2013 (1 species)
Species ingluviosus Leduc, 201
Genus Selachinema Cobb, 1915 (1 species)
Genus Synonchiella Cobb, 1933 (18 species)
Species rotundicauda Leduc, 2013
Genus Synonchium Cobb, 1920 (8 species)
Species caudatubatum Shi & Xu, 2018
Genus Trogolaimus Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
165 Following revision by Miljutina & Miljutin (2015).

166 In molecular phylogenies, this group is either not represented (Meldal et al. 2007), unresolved (Holterman et al.2006, Van Megen et al.
2009) or placed within Chromadorina (De Ley & Blaxter 2004). In morphological phylogenies, the group is either within the Chromadorina
(Filipjev 1934, Lorenzen 1994), a sister group to Chromadorina within an expanded Chromadorida (Maggenti 1991), or within the Desmodori-
da (Chitwood & Chitwood 1950, De Coninck 1965, Gerlach & Riemann 1973, 1974). There are a number of seemingly unique morphological
features in the group, such as the structure of the buccal cavity, the staining characteristics of the cuticle, the jointed structure of cephalic setae,
and large intestinal cells (Filipjev 1934, Gerlach 1964, Lorenzen 1994). These morphological features, combined with the unresolved position
in molecular analyses (Holterman et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009), imply that the relationships with Chromadorida and Desmodorida must
be viewed currently as a polytomy. Hence the group is afforded Order status equivalent to Chromadorida and Desmodorida.
167 A separate, valid family with affinities to Selachinematidae, based on molecular evidence, according to Leduc et al. (2018).
168 Although the families Selachinematidae, Richtersiidae, Choniolaimidae and Choanolaimidae have been synonymized (Gerlach 1964,
Lorenzen 1981), there remain many significant differences (Gerlach 1964). Given the possible nature of the Selachinematida as a distinct
clade, these differences seem to justify regarding the differences as justifying family status. A revision of the entire Selachinematida is
needed.

Family Richtersiidae Kreis, 1929 (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 21 species) 169
Subfamily Richtersiinae Kreis, 1929 (2 genera, 21 species) 170
Tribe Richtersiinini Kreis, 1929 *
Subtribe Richtersiininii Kreis, 1929 *
Genus Pteronium Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 171
Genus Richtersia Steiner, 1916 (20 species)
Family Choniolaimidae Schuurmans-Stekhoven & Adam, 1931 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven,
1933) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species) 172
Subfamily Choniolaiminae Schuurmans-Stekhoven & Adam, 1931 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Choniolaimini Schuurmans-Stekhoven & Adam, 1931 *
Subtribe Choniolaiminii Schuurmans-Stekhoven & Adam, 1931 *
Genus Choniolaimus Ditlevsen, 1919 (5 species)
Family Choanolaimidae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 73
species)173
Subfamily Choanolaiminae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 * (7 genera, 73 species)
Tribe Choanolaimini De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Subtribe Choanolaiminii De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Genus Bendiella Leduc, 2013 (6 species)
Species longicauda Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Species thalassa Leduc, 2013
Species vivipara Fu, Boucher & Cai, 2017
Genus Choanolaimus De-Man, 1880 (1 species)
Genus Cobbionema Filipjev, 1922 (5 species)
Species trigamma Leduc, 2013
Genus Gammanema Cobb, 1920 (14 species)
Species agglutinans Leduc, 2013
Species magnum Shi & Xu, 2018
Genus Halichoanolaimus De-Man, 1886 (36 species)
Species anisospermus Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Species brandtae Zograf, Trebukhova & Pavlyuk, 2015
Species haurakiensis Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Species stagnalis Gagarin & Long, 2017
Genus Latronema Wieser, 1954 (10 species)
Species whataitai Leduc & Zhao, 2015
Genus Nunema Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 174
Order Desmodorida De-Coninck, 1965 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 7 families, 13 subfamilies, 98 genera, 926
species) 175
Lorenzen 1981), there remain many significant differences (Gerlach 1964). Given the possible nature of the Selachinematida as a distinct clade,
these differences seem to justify regarding the differences as justifying family status. A revision of the entire Selachinematida is needed.
170 Originally named "Richtersiaceae". Placed in Desmodorida by Gerlach & Riemann (1973).
171 Genus and species dubia.
needed.
needed.
175 On all available evidence, regarded as a separate order (DeLey & Blaxter 2004, De Ley et al. 2006, Decraemer & Smol 2006, Hodda

Suborder Desmodorina De-Coninck, 1965 (2 superfamilies, 7 families, 13 subfamilies, 98 genera, 926 species)
Superfamily Desmodoroidea Filipjev, 1922 (Chitwood, 1936) (3 families, 9 subfamilies, 76 genera,
707 species)
Family Desmodoridae Filipjev, 1922 (Steiner, 1927) (5 subfamilies, 48 genera, 418 species) 176
Subfamily Desmodorinae Filipjev, 1922 (20 genera, 201 species)
Tribe Desmodorini Filipjev, 1922 *
Subtribe Desmodorinii Filipjev, 1922 *
Genus Acanthophryngoides Chitwood, 1936 (6 species)
Genus Acanthopharynx Marion, 1870 (15 species)
Species dormitata Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Genus Adelphos Ott, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Amphispira Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Bolbonema Cobb, 1920 (11 species)
Species braziliensis Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2018
Species obesus Phan, Gagarin, Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2017
Species papillae Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2018
Species zildae Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2018
Genus Cornurella Da-Silva, Rodrigues-Da-Silva, Esteves & Decraemer, 2018 (1 species)
Species fonsecae Da-Silva, Rodrigues-Da-Silva, Esteves & Decraemer, 2018
Genus Croconema Cobb, 1920 (19 species) 177
Species fortis Larrazabal-Filho, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2015
Genus Desmodora De-Man, 1889 (78 species)
Species bilacinia Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Species curvatum Moura, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2014
Species paraconica Larrazabal-Filho, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2015
Species porosum Moura, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2014
Species profundum Moura, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2014
Species veronicae Moura, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2014
Genus Desmodorella Cobb, 1933 (14 species) 178
Species verscheldei Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Genus Echinodesmodora Blome, 1982 (3 species)
Genus Metadesmodora Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1942 (2 species)
Genus Micromicron Cobb, 1920 (1 species) 179
Genus Onepunema Leduc & Verschelde, 2017 (4 species)
Species enigmaticum Leduc & Verschelde, 2017
Species virginiae Leduc & Verschelde, 2017
Genus Paradesmodora Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1950 (7 species)
Genus Psammonema Verschelde & Vincx, 1995 (5 species)
Species kuriani Jacob, Anilkumar, Philip & Rayaroth, 2016
Species waweri Muthumbi & Vincx, 2016
Genus Pseudochromadora Daday, 1899 (14 species) 180
2007), although molecular evidence has the group as a subset of Chromadorida (Van Megen et al. 2009) or grouped with Desmoscolecida
(Litvaitis et al. 2000) or split among other groups (Holterman et al. 2006). Morphologically, it has been classified as a subset of Chromadorida
(Lorenzen 1994), but this is compatible with the current classification if the Chromadorida of Lorenzen (1994) is here equivalent to superorder
Chromadorica.
176 Regarded as paraphyletic based on molecular analyses (Meldal et al. 2007, van Megen et al. 2009, Leduc & Zhao 2016), but holophy-
letic by Armenteros et al. (2014a). All the molecular analyses are based on a relatively few sequences, which do not cover all the proposed
clades, however.
177 Originally created as a subgenus of Desmodora.
178 Considered a synonym of Desmodora by Lorenzen (1976).
179 Considered a valid genus by Gagarin & Thanh (2015).
180 Considered valid genera by Gagarin & Thanh (2015).

Species benepapillata (Timm, 1961) Datta, Ganguly & Chakraborty, 2018
syn Metachromadora (Bradylaimoides) benepapillata Timm, 1961
Species rossica Mordukhovich, Fadeeva, Semenchenko & Zograf
Genus Pseudodesmodora Boucher, 1975 (3 species)
Genus Sibayinema Swart & Heyns, 1991 (1 species) 181
Genus Spinonema Larrazabal-Filho, Neres, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2019 (6 species)
Species absente Larrazabal-Filho, Neres, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2019
Species cuticulatum Larrazabal-Filho, Neres, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2019
Species spirale Larrazabal-Filho, Neres, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2019
Genus Zalonema Cobb, 1920 (9 species)
Species granda Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species kamchatkaensis Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species mariae Larrazabal-Filho, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2015
Species vicentei Larrazabal-Filho, Da-Silva & Esteves, 2015
Subfamily Prodesmodorinae Lorenzen, 1981 (4 genera, 13 species)
Tribe Prodesmodorini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Prodesmodorinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Laxonema Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Parathalassoalaimus Allgen, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Prodesmodora Micoletzky, 1923 (10 species) 182
Genus Xenonema Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Subfamily Pseudonchinae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (1 genus, 11 species)
Tribe Pseudonchini Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Subtribe Pseudonchinii Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Genus Pseudonchus Cobb, 1920 (11 species)
Subfamily Spiriniinae Chitwood, 1936 (De Coninck 1965) (16 genera, 144 species)
Tribe Spiriniini Chitwood, 1936 * 183
Subtribe Spiriniinii Chitwood, 1936 *
Genus Alaimonema Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Bradylaimus Stekhoven, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Chromadoropsis Filipjev, 1918 (5 species) 184
Genus Chromaspirina Filipjev, 1918 (27 species)
Genus Metachromadora Filipjev, 1918 (39 species)
Subgenus Metachromadora Filipjev, 1918 (38 species)
Species orientalis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2014
Species obscura Nguyen, Gagarin, Phan, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2016
syn Metachromadoroides obscura Nguyen, Gagarin, Phan, Nguyen &
Nguyen, 2016
Species prepapillata Maria, Smol & Esteves, 2014
Species verae Maria, Smol & Esteves, 2014
Subgenus Neonyx Cobb, 1933 (Gerlach, 1951) (1 species)
Genus Metachromadoroides Timm, 1961 (De Coninck, 1965) (2 species)
Genus Onyx Cobb, 1891 (13 species)
Species rizhaoensis Huang & Wang, 2015
181 Originally created as a subgenus of Desmodora.

182 Only 9 valid species according to Tsalolikhin (2014).
183 Originally established as tribe Spirinacea by Chitwood (1936). Raised to subfamily,
family and superfamily rank by De Coninck (1965). Gerlach & Murphy (1965) often incorrectly cited as authors (see Leduc & Vershelde
2015).
184 Originally created as a genus by Filipjev (1918), but reduced to subgenus of Metachromadora by Gerlach (1951) and Gerlach & Rie-
mann (1973). Other subgenera were Bradylaimus, Metachromadoroides and Neonyx. Lorenzen (1994) also regarded as a subgenus of Meta-
chromadora but with Metonyx as an additional subgenus. Considered as valid genera by Armenteros et al. (2014).

Species minor Huang & Wang, 2015
Genus Papillonema Verschelde, Muthumbi & Vincx, 1995 (2 species)
Genus Parallelocoilas Boucher, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Perspiria Wieser & Hopper, 1967 (Vincx & Gourbault, 1969) (12 species)
Species boucheri Sun, Zhai & Huang, 2019
Genus Polysigma Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Pseudometachromadora Timm, 1952 (2 species)
Genus Sigmophoranema Hope & Murphy, 1972 (4 species)
Genus Spirinia Gerlach, 1963 (20 species)
Species antipodea Leduc & Zhao, 2019
Species verecunda Leduc & Verschelde, 2015
Genus Spirodesma Cavalcanti, Silva & Fonseca-Genevois, 2009 (1 species)
Genus Stygodesmodora Blome, 1982 (12 species)
Species confusa Leduc & Verschelde, 2015
Species amphidialis Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2017
Species paramphidialis Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2017
Species potiguensis Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2017
Species robusta Larrazabal-Filho, Neres & Esteves, 2017
Subfamily Stilbonematinae Cobb, 1936 (7 genera, 49 species)
Tribe Stilbonematini Cobb, 1936 *
Subtribe Stilbonematinii Cobb, 1936 *
Genus Catanema Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Genus Eubostrichus Greef, 1869 (12 species)
Species fertilis Ott, Leisch & Gruber-Vodicka, 2014
Species gerlachi Ott, Leisch & Gruber-Vodicka, 2014 nom. nov. pro E. parasitiferus
apud Gerlach, 1963 nec Chitwood, 1936
Genus Laxus Cobb, 1894 (9 species)
Species parvum Armenteros, Ruiz-Abierno & Decraemer, 2014
Species skihariiae Leduc & Sinniger, 2018
Genus Leptonemella Cobb, 1920 (11 species)
Species brevipharynx Armenteros, Ruiz-Abierno & Decraemer, 2014
Genus Robbea Gerlach, 1956 (9 species) 185
Species agricola Ott, Gruber-Vodicka, Leisch & Zimmermann, 2014
Species hypermnestra Ott, Gruber-Vodicka, Leisch & Zimmermann, 2014
Species ruetzleri Ott, Gruber-Vodicka, Leisch & Zimmermann, 2014
Genus Squanema Gerlach, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Stilbonema Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Family Epsilonematidae Steiner, 1927 (2 subfamilies, 13 genera, 200 species)
Subfamily Epsilonematinae Steiner, 1927 (10 genera, 192 species)
Tribe Epsilonematini Steiner, 1927 *
Subtribe Epsilonematinii Steiner, 1927 *
Genus Akanthepsilonema Gourbault & Decraemer, 1991 (2 species)
Genus Archepsilonema Steiner, 1927 (8 species)
Genus Bathyepsilonema Steiner, 1927 (26 species)
Genus Epsilonema Steiner, 1927 (115 species)
Species rugatum (Lorenzen, 1973) Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Genus Leptepsilonema Clasing, 1983 (10 species)
Genus Metepsilonema Steiner, 1927 (17 species)
Genus Perepsilonema Lorenzen, 1973 (9 species)
Genus Polkepsilonema Verschelde & Vincx, 1993 (3 species)
Genus Pternepsilonema Verschelde & Vincx, 1993 (1 species)
185 Verified molecularly by Ott et al. (2014).

Genus Triepsilonema Decraemer, 1982 (1 species)
Subfamily Glochinematinae Lorenzen, 1974 (3 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Glochinematini Lorenzen, 1974 *
Subtribe Glochinematinii Lorenzen, 1974 *
Genus Glochinema Lorenzen, 1974 (6 species)
Genus Keratonema Gourbault & Decraemer, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Metaglochinema Gourbault & Decraemer, 1986 (1 species)
Family Draconematidae Filipjev, 1918 (Steiner, 1930) (2 subfamilies, 15 genera, 88 species) 186
Subfamily Draconematinae Filipjev, 1918 (5 genera, 55 species)
Tribe Draconematini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Draconematinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Dracograllus Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (21 species)
Species ngakei Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Species trukensis Min, Kim, Decraemer & Rho, 2016
Genus Draconema Cobb, 1913 (22 species)
Genus Dracotoronema Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Paradraconema Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (8 species)
Genus Tenuidraconema Decraemer, 1989 (3 species)
Subfamily Prochaetosomatinae Lorenzen, 1981 (10 genera, 33 species) 187
Tribe Prochaetosomatini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Prochaetosomatinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Apenodraconema Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Bathychaetosoma Decraemer, Gourbault & Backeljau, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Cephalochaetosoma Kito, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Cygnonema Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Dinetia Decraemer & Gourbault, 1997 (2 species)
Genus Dracogalerus Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (3 species)
Genus Dracognomus Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (7 species)
Genus Draconactus Allen & Noffsinger, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Notochatosoma Irwin Smith, 1918 (1 species)
Genus Prochaetosoma Micoletzky, 1922 (13 species)
Species marisalbi Fedyaeva, Neretina, Konoalova & Tchesunov, 2016
Superfamily Microlaimoidea De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (Lorenzen, 1981) (4 families, 4
Family Microlaimidae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (1 subfamily, 14 genera, 130 species)
Subfamily Microlaiminae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 * (14 genera, 130 species)
Tribe Microlaimini De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Subtribe Microlaiminii De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Genus Acanthomicrolaimus Stewart & Nicholas, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Aponema Jensen, 1978 (9 species)
Species pontica Revkova, 2017
Species pseudotorosum Leduc, Fu & Zhao, 2019
Genus Bathynox Bussau & Vopel, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Bolbolaimus Cobb, 1920 (16 species)
Species brevis Gagarin & Thanh, 2019
Species obesus Phan, Gagarin, Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2017
186 Created as subfamily Draconematini by Filipjev (1918).

187 Proposed as family by Allen & Noffsinger (1978) but as subfamily by Lorenzen (1981), a suggestion followed by Decraemer (1989).
188 Considered a separate Order Microlaimida by Leduc et al. (2018), based on molecular evidence, but the number and range of taxa for
which sequences are available within the proposed Microlaimida and related Desmodorida and Chromadorida are very limited, and so this
conclusion requires further confirmation. These authors noted a lack of any morphological synapomorphies between Desmodoroidea and
Microlaimoidea.

Species parvus Gagarin & Thanh, 2019
Species tongaensis Leduc, 2016
Genus Caligocanna Bussau & Vopel, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Calomicrolaimus Lorenzen, 1976 (1 species) 189
Genus Cinctonema Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Genus Crassolaimus Kreis, 1929 (2 species)
Genus Ixonema Lorenzen, 1971 (3 species)
Genus Maragnopsia Leduc, 2016 (1 species)
Species hadalis Leduc, 2016
Genus Macrodontium Armenteros, Vincx & Decraemer, 2010 (1 species)
Genus Microlaimus De-Man, 1880 (86 species) 190
Species korari Leduc, 2016
Species paraglobiceps Revkova, 2017
Species validus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2014
Genus Spirobolbolaimus Soetaert & Vincx, 1988 (4 species)
Species undulatus Shi & Xu, 2017
Genus Ungulilaimella Allgen, 1958 (1 species)
Family Molgolaiminae Jensen, 1978 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 43 species) 191
Subfamily Molgolaiminae Jensen, 1978 (1 genus, 43 species)
Tribe Molgolaimini Jensen, 1978 *
Subtribe Molgolaiminii Jensen, 1978 *
Genus Molgolaimus Ditlevsen, 1921 (43 species) 192
Species kaikouraensis Leduc, Fu & Zhao, 2019
Species pecticauda (Murphy, 1966) Shi & Xu, 2017
syn Microlaimus pecticauda Murphy, 1966 (Shi & Xu, 2017)
Species spirifer (Warwick, 1970) Shi & Xu, 2017
syn Microlaimus spirifer Warwick, 1970 (Shi & Xu, 2017)
Family Aponchiidae Gerlach, 1963 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Subfamily Aponchiinae Gerlach, 1963 * (2 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Aponchiini Gerlach, 1963 *
Subtribe Aponchiinii Gerlach, 1963 *
Genus Aponchium Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Synonema Cobb, 1920 (10 species)
Family Monoposthiidae De-Coninck, 1965 (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 34 species)
Subfamily Monoposthiinae De-Coninck, 1965 * (5 genera, 34 species)
Tribe Monoposthiini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Monoposthiinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Fusonema Kreis, 1928 (1 species) 193
189 Synonymized with the genus Microlaimus by Kovalyev & Tchesunov (2005), but considered valid in the latest revision (Tchesunov
2014).
190 Species according to Leduc (2016).
191 Molgolaimidae is a separate, valid family, based on molecular evidence, according to Leduc et al. (2018).
192 Placed in Desmodoridae by Lorenzen on the basis of reflexed ovaries and testis, but in Microlaimidae by Platt & Warwick (1988) be-
cause of great overall similarity to Microlaimidae in all other characters. Note that Lorenzen transferred some species without reflexed ovaries
and testis back to Microlaimidae to make the genus monophyletic. I have agreed with Platt & Warwick (1988). Leduc & Zhao (2016) on the
basis of molecular evidence from a single species regard it as having closes affinities with Microlaimidae. Sequences from a species found
and described subsequently confirmed the affinities with Microlaimidae (Leduc et al. 2018), but because consistent morphological differences
remain, a separate family within Microlaimoidea is justified.
193 First classified in Chromadoridae (Kreis 1929), but later moved to Monoposthiidae on the basis of cuticular pattern (Hope & Murphy
1972). Lorenzen (1994) evaluated cuticular ornamentation as not very useful as a differential character for genera and hence returned the
genus to Family Chromadoridae. Decraemer & Smol (2006) evaluated the taxonomic position of the genus as unclear because the definition
is based on a poor description of a single species, and Tchesunov (2014) omitted the genus from his review without any comment. Venekey et

Genus Monoposthia De-Man, 1889 (14 species)
Genus Monoposthioides Hopper, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Nudora Cobb, 1920 (15 species)
Genus Rhinema Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Order Desmoscolecida Filipjev, 1929 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 4 families, 6 subfamilies, 28 genera, 306 species) 194
Suborder Desmoscolecina De-Coninck, 1965 (1 superfamily, 4 families, 6 subfamilies, 28 genera, 306 species) 195
Superfamily Desmoscolecoidea Shipley, 1896 (Chitwood, 1937) (4 families, 6 subfamilies, 28 genera, 306
species)
Family Cyartonematidae Tchesunov, 1990 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 9 species)
Subfamily Cyartonematinae Tchesunov, 1990 * (1 genus, 9 species)
Tribe Cyartonematini Tchesunov, 1990 Shipley, 1896 *
Subtribe Cyartonematinii Tchesunov, 1990 *
Genus Cyartonema Tchesunov, 1989 (9 species) 196
Species minor Nguyen & Gagarin, 2016
Family Desmoscolecidae Shipley, 1896 (2 subfamilies, 11 genera, 138 species)
Subfamily Desmoscolecinae Shipley, 1896 (5 genera, 118 species)
Tribe Desmoscolecini Shipley, 1896 *
Subtribe Desmoscolecinii Shipley, 1896 *
Genus Desmolorenzenia Freudenhammer, 1975 (13 species)
Genus Desmoscolex Claparede, 1863 (99 species)
Genus Pareudesmoscolex Weischer, 1962 (3 species)
Genus Protricomoides Timm, 1970 (2 species)
Genus Spinodesmoscolex Decraemer, 1983 (1 species)
Subfamily Greeffiellinae Filipjev, 1929 (6 genera, 20 species)
Tribe Greeffiellini Filipjev, 1929 *
Subtribe Greeffiellinii Filipjev, 1929 *
Genus Calligyrus Lorenzen, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Captivonema Manun, Bose, Sayer & Bostrom, 1994 (2 species) 197 198
Species cretacea Manun, Bose, Sayer & Bostrom, 1994
Genus Greeffiella Cobb, 1922 (11 species)
Genus Greeffiellopsis Schraege & Gerlach, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Hapalomus Lorenzen, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Progreeffiella Timm, 1970 (2 species)
Family Eophasmidae Poinar, 2011 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species)
Subfamily Eophasminae Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Eophasmini Poinar, 2011 * (1 genus)
Subtribe Eophasminii Poinar, 2011 *
Genus Eophasma Arduini, Pinna & Teruzzi, 1983 (2 species)
Species jurasicum Aduini, Pinna & Teruzzi, 1983
Family Meyliidae De-Coninck, 1965 (2 subfamilies, 15 genera, 157 species)
Subfamily Meyliinae De-Coninck, 1965 (4 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Meyliini De-Coninck, 1965 *
al. (2019) accepted the conclusions of Hope & Murphy (1972) and considered the genus as part of Monoposthiidae.
194 Originally named order Desmoscolecata (Filipjev 1929) prior to adoption of current system of uniform endings of higher-ranked taxon
names. First used in current form by De Coninck (1965).
195 Originally named suborder Desmoscoleata (Chitwood 1933) prior to adoption of current system of uniform endings of higher-ranked
taxon names. First used in current form by De Coninck (1965).
196 Includes 4 species from the synonymised genus Southernia Allgen 1929
197 Fossil, cretaceous, Norway.
198 Classified in a separate family Captivonematidae by Poinar (2011), on the basis of available characters being inadequate to place in
either family Greeffiellinae or Epsilonematodae. The size, shape, coarseness of annulation and pattern of body hairs are sufficient to place it
within Meyliidae.

Subtribe Meyliinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Boucherius Decraemer & Jensen, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Gerlachius Andrassy, 1976 (2 species)
Genus Meylia Gerlach, 1956 (5 species)
Genus Noffsingeria Decraemer & Jensen, 1982 (2 species)
Subfamily Tricominae Lorenzen, 1969 (11 genera, 147 species)
Tribe Tricomini Lorenzen, 1969 *
Subtribe Tricominii Lorenzen, 1969 *
Genus Antarcticonema Timm, 1978 (3 species)
Genus Desmotimmia Freudenhammer, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Desmotricoma Decraemer, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Haptotricoma Lorenzen, 1977 (3 species)
Genus Paratricoma Gerlach, 1964 (4 species)
Genus Prototricoma Timm, 1970 (3 species)
Genus Protricoma Timm, 1970 (4 species)
Genus Quadricoma Filipjev, 1922 (32 species)
Genus Quadricomoides Decraemer, 1976 (5 species)
Genus Tricoma Cobb, 1894 (90 species)
Genus Usarpnema Timm, 1978 (1 species)
Subclass Plectia Hodda, 2007 (4 superorders, 11 orders, 27 suborders, 60 superfamilies, 178 families, 323 subfamilies, 2057
Superorder Monhysterica Hodda, 2007 (1 order, 3 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 11 families, 21 subfamilies, 171 genera,
1841 species)
Order Monhysterida Filipjev, 1929 (3 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 11 families, 21 subfamilies, 171 genera, 1841
species) 200
Suborder Monhysterina De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (2 superfamilies, 3 families, 6 subfamilies,
Superfamily Monhysteroidea De-Man, 1876 (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 19 genera, 305
species)
Family Monhysteridae De-Man, 1876 (1 subfamily, 19 genera, 305 species)
Subfamily Monhysterinae De-Man, 1876 * (19 genera, 305 species)
Tribe Monhysterini De-Man, 1876 *
Subtribe Monhysterinii De-Man, 1876 *
Genus Cryonema Tchesunov & Riemann, 1995 (2 species)
Genus Diplolaimella Allgen, 1929 (11 species)
Genus Diplolaimelloides Meyl, 1954 (11 species)
Species rushikondai Sufyan, Mahamood, Singh & Ahmad, 2014
Genus Eumonhystera Andrassy, 1981 (36 species)
Species arenosa Gagarin & Naumova, 2018
Genus Gammarinema Kinne & Gerlach, 1953 (8 species)
Genus Geomonhystera Andrassy, 1981 (39 species)
Species chiautzingoensis Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Species galindoi Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Species ecuatoriana Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Species longispiculata Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Species mexiquense Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Species michoacana Cid-del-Prado-Vera, Ferris & Subbotin, 2018
Genus Halomonhystera Andrassy, 2006 (36 species)
Species bathislandica (Riemann, 1995) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout,
199 Plectia are separated from Chromadoria on the basis of spermatogenesis (Yushin & Malakhov 2004).
200 Filipjev (1929) used the name Monhysterata as an order, but this pre-dates the adoption of uniform endings for the names of higher taxa,
so is credited as the authority here. De Coninck (1965) was the first to propose the name at order level in its current form.

2015
syn Thalassomonhystera bathislandica Riemann, 1995 (Tchesunov, Portnova &
van-Campenhout, 2015)
Species fisheri (Zekely Sorensen & Bright, 2006) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-
Campenhout, 2015
syn Thalassomonhystera fisheri Zekely Sorensen & Bright, 2006 (Tchesunov,
Portnova & van-Campenhout, 2015)
Species hermesi Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout, 2015
Species islandica (De-Coninck, 1943) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout,
2015
syn Thalassomonhystera islandica De-Coninck, 1943 (Tchesunov, Portnova &
Species paradisjuncta (De-Coninck, 1943) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-
Campenhout, 2015
syn Thalassomonhystera paradisjuncta De-Coninck, 1943 (Tchesunov, Portnova &
Species rotundicapitata (Filipjev, 1922) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout,
2015
syn Geomonhystera rotundicapitata Filipjev, 1922 (Tchesunov, Portnova & van-
Campenhout, 2015)
Species socialis Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout, 2015
Species tangaroa Leduc, 2014
Species taurica (Tsalolikhin, 2007) Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout, 2015
syn Geomonhystera taurica Tsalolikhin, 2007 (Tchesunov, Portnova & van-
Campenhout, 2015)
Species vandoverae (Zekely, Sorensen & Bright, 2006) Tchesunov, Portnova &
van-Campenhout, 2015
syn Thalassomonhystera vandoverae (Zekely, Sorensen & Bright, 2006)
Tchesunov, Portnova & van-Campenhout,
2015
Species “sp. A” Leduc, 2014
Species “sp. B” Leduc, 2014
Genus Hieminema Tchesunov & Portnova, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Litotes Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Longilaimus Allgen, 1958 (2 species)
Genus Monhystera Bastian, 1865 (65 species)
Species tibetica Tsalolikhin, 2019
Genus Monhystrella Cobb, 1918 (34 species)
Species andreana Tsalolikhin, 2017
Species kermadecensis Leduc, 2015
Genus Monhystrium Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Odontobius Rousse-De-Vauzeme, 1834 (1 species)
Genus Sinanema Andrassy, 1960 (3 species) 201
Genus Sitadevinema Khera, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Thalassomonhystera Jacobs, 1987 (41 species)
Genus Tridentulus Eyualem & Coomans, 1995 (6 species)
Genus Tripylium Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Superfamily Sphaerolaimoidea Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck, 1965) (2 families, 5 subfamilies, 59 genera, 650
201 Monhysteridae according to Eyualem & Coomans (1995) and Jacobs (1987), but Syringolaiminae Rhabdolaimidae according to Loren-
zen (1981, 1994). The former is more parsimonious than the latter if all characters are considered; the latter is favoured by many fewer
characters, but perhaps they are more phylogenetically informative. Because the phylogenetic content of some of the characters favoured by
Lorenzen has not always been supported, the former is favoured.

species)
Family Xyalidae Lorenzen, 1977 (3 subfamilies, 53 genera, 563 species)
Subfamily Corononeminae Nicholas & Stewart, 1995 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Corononemini Nicholas & Stewart, 1995 *
Subtribe Corononeminii Nicholas & Stewart, 1995 *
Genus Corononema Nicholas & Stewart, 1995 (2 species)
Subfamily Scaptrellinae De-Coninck, 1965 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Scaptrellini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Scaptrellinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Scaptrella Cobb, 1917 (5 species)
Species filicaudata Jacob, Jaleel, Philip & Damodaran, 2015
Subfamily Xyalinae Chitwood, 1951 (50 genera, 556 species)
Tribe Xyalini Chitwood, 1951 *
Subtribe Xyalinii Chitwood, 1951 *
Genus Ammotheristus Lorenzen, 1977 (2 species)
Genus Amphimonhystera Allgen, 1929 (7 species)
Genus Amphimonhystrella Timm, 1961 (3 species)
Genus Arabanema Turpeenniemi, Nasira & Maqbool, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Austronema Cobb, 1914 (1 species)
Genus Cenolaimus Cobb, 1933 (2 species)
Genus Cienfuegia Armenteros, Vincx & Decraemer, 2009 (1 species)
Genus Cobbia De-Man, 1907 (13 species)
Species bengalensis Datta, Bhowmik & Choudhury, 2018
Species heterospicula Wang, An & Huang, 2018
Genus Dactylaimoides Blome, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Dactylaimus Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Daptonema Cobb, 1920 (167 species)
Species amphorum Leduc, 2015
Species balatum Nguyen, Gagarin, Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Species borkini Tsalolikhin, 2017
Species chonispiculum Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018
Species donghaiensis Wang, An & Huang, 2018
Species galeatum (Wieser & Hopper, 1967) Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018
syn Trichotheristus galeatum Wieser & Hopper, 1967 (Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018)
syn Metadesmolaimus galeatum (Wieser & Hopper, 1967) Tchesunov, 1990
Species nearticulatum Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018
syn Trichotheristus articulatum Huang & Zhang, 2006 (Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018)
syn Daptonema articulatum Huang & Zhang, 2006 (Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018) nec
Daptonema articulatum Lorenzen, 1977
Species orientale (Gagarin & Nguyen, 2005) Gagarin, 2019
syn Theristus orientalis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2005 (Gagarin, 2019) 202
Species papillifera Sun, Huang, Tang, Zang, Xia & Tang, 2019
Species parabreviseta Huang, Sun & Huang, 2019
Species paraoxyuroides Nguyen, Gagarin, Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2014
Species phuketense Aryuthaka & Kito, 2018
Species salinae Gagarin & Gusakov, 2014
Species securum Nguyen, Klein, Man, Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Genus Echinotheristus Thun & Riemann, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Elzalia Gerlach, 1957 (13 species)
Species bifurcata Sun & Huang, 2017
Species heterospiculata Jia & Huang, 2019
202 Based on the presence of three terminal caudal setae.

Genus Echonema Bussau, 1993 (1 species) 203
Genus Filipjeva Ditlevsen, 1928 (7 species)
Genus Gnomoxyala Lorenzen, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Gonionchus Cobb, 1920 (14 species)
Genus Guitartia Armenteros Vincx & Decraemer, 2010 (1 species)
Genus Gullanema Nicholas & Stewart, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Hofmaenneria Schneider, 1940 (8 species)
Genus Lamyronema Leduc, 2015 (1 species)
Species horizonensis Leduc, 2015
Genus Linhystera Juario, 1974 (6 species)
Species breviapophysis Yu, Huang & Xu, 2014
Species longiapophysis Yu, Huang & Xu, 2014
Genus Manganonema Bussau, 1993 (12 species)
Species kitasatoi Leduc, 2015
Species majusculum Leduc, 2015
Species rowdeni Leduc, 2015
Genus Marisalbinema Tchesunov, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Megalamphis Timm, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Metadesmolaimus Stekhoven, 1935 (17 species)
Species zhanggi Guo, Chen & Liu, 2016
Genus Omicronema Cobb, 1920 (6 species)
Genus Paragnomoxyala Jiang & Huang, 2015 (4 species)
Species breviseta Jiang & Huang, 2015
Species macrostoma (Jiang & Huang, 2015) Sun & Huang, 2017
syn Daptonema macrostoma Jiang & Huang, 2015 (Sun & Huang, 2017)
Genus Paragonionchus Blome, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Paramonohystera Steiner, 1916 (21 species)
Subgenus Leptogastrella Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
Subgenus Paramonohystera Steiner, 1916 (16 species)
Species sinica Yu & Xu, 2015
Species weihaiensis Huang & Sun, 2019
Genus Paramphimonhystrella Huang & Zhang, 2006 (15 species)
Species barbula Leduc, 2014
Species echinocauda Leduc, 2014
Species eurystoma Shi, Yu & Xu, 2017
Species glossalga Leduc, 2014
Species longispicula Shi, Yu & Xu, 2017
Species scutula Leduc, 2014
Genus Parelzalia Tchesunov, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Promonhystera Wieser, 1956 (2 species)
Genus Prorhynchonema Gourbault, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Pseudechinotheristus Blome, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Pseudelzalia Yu & Xu, 2015 (1 species)
Species longiseta Yu & Xu, 2015
Genus Pseudosteineria Wieser, 1956 (13 species)
Species anteramphida Sun, Huang, Tang, Zang, Xia & Tang, 2019
Genus Pulchranemella Cobb, 1933 (1 species) 204
Genus Retrotheristus Lorenzen, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920 (34 species)
203 The nomenclatural availability of the nomina proposed by Bussau (1993) in a thesis have been controversial and not always accepted,
but were considered to fulfil all requirements of the ICZN by Holovachov (2020).

Species annulatum Tauheed & Ahmad, 2017
Species cemae Bezerra, Smol & Vincx, 2014
Species dighaensis Datta, Navarrete & Mohapatra, 2015
Species lorenzeni Tauheed & Ahmad, 2017
Species siddiqii Tauheed & Ahmad, 2017
Species veronicae Bezerra, Smol & Vincx, 2014
Genus Robustnema Nicholas, 1996 (1 species)
Genus Sacrimarinema Shoshin, 2001 (3 species)
Genus Sphaerotheristus Timm, 1968 (5 species)
Genus Spiramphinema Wieser, 1957 (3 species)
Genus Steineria Micoletzky, 1922 (19 species)
Genus Theristus Bastian, 1865 (117 species)
Subgenus Penzancia De-Man, 1889 (52 species)
Species karachiense Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Subgenus Theristus Bastian, 1865 (64 species)
Species consobrinus Nguyen & Gagarin, 2017
Species cylindricus Salma, Nasira, Saima & Shahina, 2017
Species gigas Gagarin & Thanh, 2018
Subgenus Wieserius Chitwood & Murphy, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Trichotheristus Wieser, 1956 (2 species)
Genus Valvaelaimus Lorenzen, 1977 (2 species)
Genus Xenolaimus Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Xyala Cobb, 1920 (13 species)
Genus Zygonemella Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Family Sphaerolaimidae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (2 subfamilies, 6
genera, 87 species)
Subfamily Parasphaerolaiminae Lorenzen, 1978 (1 genus, 17 species)
Tribe Parasphaerolaimini Lorenzen, 1978 *
Subtribe Parasphaerolaiminii Lorenzen, 1978 *
Genus Parasphaerolaimus Ditlevsen, 1918 (17 species)
Species brevisetosus Gagarin, 2014
Species crassus (Timm, 1961)
Species jintiani Fu, Boucher & Cai, 2017
Species lodosus (Gerlach, 1956)
Species magdolnae Cavalcanti & Venekey, 2017
Species minor Gagarin & Tu, 2019
Species pilosus Zograf, Pavlyuk, Trebukhova & Nguyen, 2017
Species tropicus Gagarin & Tu, 2019
Subfamily Sphaerolaiminae Filipjev, 1918 (5 genera, 70 species)
Tribe Sphaerolaimini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Sphaerolaiminii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Buccolaimus Allgen, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Doliolaimus Lorenzen, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Metasphaerolaimus Gourbault & Boucher, 1982 (11 species)
Species constrictus Leduc, 2015
Genus Sphaerolaimus Bastian, 1865 (46 species)
Species haurakiensis Leduc & Zhao, 2017
Genus Subsphaerolaimus Lorenzen, 1978 (11 species)
Species major Nguyen, Vu, Thanh & Gagarin, 2009
Species minor Gagarin & Thanh, 2015
Suborder Linhomoeina Andrassy, 1974 (1 superfamily, 3 families, 7 subfamilies, 35 genera, 313 species)
Superfamily Siphonolaimoidea Filipjev, 1918 (Chitwood, 1937) (3 families, 7 subfamilies, 35 genera, 313

species)
Family Siphonolaimidae Filipjev, 1918 (Chitwood, 1937) (2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 62 species)
Subfamily Astomonematinae Kito & Aryuthaka, 2006 (2 genera, 7 species)
Tribe Astomonematini Kito & Aryuthaka, 2006 *
Subtribe Astomonematinii Kito & Aryuthaka, 2006 *
Genus Astomonema Ott, Rieger, Rieger & Enderes, 1982 (5 species)
Genus Parastomonema Kito, 1989 (2 species)
Subfamily Siphonolaiminae Filipjev, 1918 (2 genera, 55 species) 205
Tribe Siphonolaimini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Siphonolaiminii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Siphonolaimus De-Man, 1893 (54 species)
Species anticomoides (Allgen, 1933) Wieser, 1956
Species auratus Wieser, 1956
Species banyulensis Boucher, 1971
Species boucheri Zhang & Zhang, 2010
Species cobbi Riemann, 1966
Species conicus Chitwood, 1936
Species cylindricaudatus Stekhoven, 1942
Species dorylus Inglis, 1968
Species elongatus (Stekhoven, 1950) Vitiello, 1971
syn Southernia elongata Stekhoven, 1950
Species ewensis Warwick & Platt, 1973
Species falklandiae Allgen, 1959
Species gladiator Wieser, 1956
Species japonicus Zograf, Trebukhova & Pavlyuk, 2015
Species mejillinus Pastor-De-Ward, 1989
Species niger De-Man, 1893
syn Anthraconema sagax Strassen, 1904
Species nigricans (Cobb, 1894) Filipjev, 1918
syn Chromagaster nigricans Cobb, 1894
Species obscurus Boucher & Helleouet, 1977
Species obtusicaudatus Allgen, 1930
syn norvegicus Allgen, 1940
Species pachyderma Wieser, 1956
Species pellucidus Allgen, 1932
Species profundus Warwick, 1973
Species purpureus (Cobb, 1894) Filipjev, 1918
syn Chromagaster purpurea Cobb, 1894
Species roervikensis Allgen, 1945
Species smetti Chen & Vincx, 2000
Species tenuis Steiner, 1921
Species tubicen Ott, 1972
Species weismanni (zur-Strassen, 1904) Steiner, 1916
syn Anthraconema weismanni zur-Strassen, 1904)
Genus Solenolaimus Cobb, 1894 (1 species)
Family Linhomoeidae Filipjev, 1922 (Filipjev, 1934) (4 subfamilies, 30 genera, 250 species)
Subfamily Desmolaiminae G. Schneider, 1926 (10 genera, 86 species)
Tribe Desmolaimini G. Schneider, 1926 *
Subtribe Desmolaiminii G. Schneider, 1926 *
Genus Anticyathus Cobb, 1920 (6 species)
Genus Desmolaimoides Jensen, 1986 (1 species)
205 Originally created as subfamily Siphonolaimini.

Genus Desmolaimus De-Man, 1880 (18 species)
Species balatonicus Daday, 1894
syn Campydora balatonica (Daday, 1894) Andrassy, 1954 206
Species minor Gagarin, 2019
Genus Linhomoella Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Megadesmolaimus Wieser, 1954 (8 species)
Genus Prosphaerolaimus Filipjev, 1918 (2 species)
Genus Pseudoterschellingia Armenteros, Vincx & Decraemer, 2009 (1 species)
Genus Sarsonia Gerlach, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Terschellingia De-Man, 1888 (41 species)
Species coronata Nguyen & Gagarin, 2016
Species filicaudata Wang, An & Huang, 2017
Species lutosa Gagarin & Nguyen, 2014
Species stenocephala Wang, An & Huang, 2017
Species yenensis Gagarin, 2019
Genus Terschellingioides Timm, 1967 (6 species)
Subfamily Linhomoeinae Filipjev, 1922 (17 genera, 129 species) 207
Tribe Linhomoeini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Linhomoeinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Anticyclus Cobb, 1920 (8 species) 208
Genus Aponcholaimus Allgen, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Bathylaimella Allgen, 1930 (1 species)
Genus Cryptolaimus Cobb, 1933 (2 species)
Genus Chloronemella Allgen, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Didelta Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Disconema Filipjev, 1918 (8 species)
Species zhangi Sun, Zhai & Huang, 2019
Genus Halinema Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Genus Linhomoeus Bastian, 1865 (16 species)
Subgenus Eulinhomoeus De-Man, 1907 (3 species)
Subgenus Linhomoeus Bastian, 1865 (13 species)
Genus Metalinhomoeus De-Man, 1907 (30 species)
Genus Monhysteroides Timm, 1961 (2 species)
Genus Nijhoffia Allgen, 1935 (1 species)
Genus Paraegialoalaimus Allgen, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Paralinhomoeus De-Man, 1907 (41 species)
Genus Prolinhomoeus Timm, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Sphaerocephalum Filipjev, 1918 (3 species)
Genus Valvaelaimoides Gagarin, 2017 (4 species)
Species leptus Gagarin, 2017
Species macramphis Gagarin, 2017
Subfamily Eleutherolaiminae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (2 genera, 31 species)
Tribe Eleutherolaimini Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Subtribe Eleutherolaiminii Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 *
Genus Eleutherolaimus Filipjev, 1922 (27 species)
Genus Metalaimus Kreis, 1928 (4 species)
Subfamily Thelonematinae Bussau, 1993 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Thelonematini Bussau, 1993 *
Subtribe Thelonematinii Bussau, 1993 *
206 Synonymy not accepted but also not mentioned by Holovachov (2019).
207 Lorenzen (1994) regarded all the genera described by Allgen (1930) as dubious and their placement not fully certain.
208 Synonymized with Paralinhomoeus by Hendelberg (1979), but retained as a valid, separate genus by Lorenzen (1994).

Genus Thelonema Bussau, 1993 (4 species) 209
Species clarki Leduc, 2015
Species majum Bussau, 1993
Family Fusivermidae Tchesunov, 1996 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Fusiverminae Tchesunov, 1996 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Fusivermini Tchesunov, 1996 *
Subtribe Fusiverminii Tchesunov, 1996 *
Genus Fusivermis Tchesunov, 1996 (1 species)
Suborder Araeolaimina De-Coninck, 1965 (1 superfamily, 5 families, 8 subfamilies, 58 genera, 573 species)
Superfamily Axonolaimoidea Filipjev, 1918 (Chitwood, 1937) (5 families, 8 subfamilies, 57 genera, 572
species)
Family Axonolaimidae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (1 subfamily, 13
Subfamily Axonolaiminae Filipjev, 1918 (13 genera, 146 species)
Tribe Axonolaimini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Axonolaiminii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Aequalodontium Smolanko & Belogurov, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Apodontium Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Subgenus Apodontium Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Subgenus Paraxonolaimus Allgen, 1930 (1 species)
Genus Ascolaimus Ditlevsen, 1919 (3 species)
Genus Axonolaimus De-Man, 1889 (36 species)
Genus Margonema Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Namibnema Vincx & Furstenberg, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Nicascolaimus Riemann, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Odontophora Bütschli, 1874 (38 species)
Species atrox Leduc & Zhao, 2016
Genus Odontophoroides Boucher & Helleouët, 1977 (3 species)
Genus Parascolaimus Wieser, 1959 (5 species)
Genus Parodontophora Timm, 1963 (32 species)
Species aequiramus Li & Guo, 2016
Species huoshanensis Li & Guo, 2016
Species irregularis Li & Guo, 2016
Species longiamphidata Wang & Huang, 2016
Species microseta Li & Guo, 2016
Species paramicroseta Li & Guo, 2016
Genus Pseudolella Cobb, 1920 (16 species)
Species major Wang & Huang, 2016
Species mangrovi Gagarin & Nguyen, 2016
Species pastor Gagarin, 2017
Species tenuis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2019
Genus Synodontium Cobb, 1920 (4 species)
Family Bodonematidae Jensen, 1991 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Bodonematinae Jensen, 1991 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Bodonematini Jensen, 1991 *
Subtribe Bodonematinii Jensen, 1991 *
Genus Bodonema Jensen, 1991 (1 species)
Family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (3 subfamilies, 23
209 Not accepted by Fonseca & Bezerra (2014), but regarded as valid on the basis of a second species being found in the genus by Leduc
(2015).
210 Originally cited as Family Comesomidae (De Coninck & Schuurmans Stekhoven 1933). Placed here on the basis of molecular evidence

Subfamily Comesomatinae Filipjev, 1918 (10 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Comesomatini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Comesomatinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Comesoma Bastian, 1865 (13 species)
Species zhangi Huang & Huang, 2018
Genus Comesomoides Gourbault, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Dolichosomatum Allgen, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Grahamius Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Kenyanema Muthumbi, Soetaert & Vincx, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Metacomesoma Wieser, 1954 (4 species)
Species macramphida Huang & Huang, 2018
Genus Minolaimus Vitiello, 1970 (2 species)
Genus Notosabatieria Allgen, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Paracomesoma Hope & Murphy, 1972 (14 species)
Species leptum Gagarin & Nguyen, 2019
Species minor Gagarin & Nguyen, 2014
Species susannae Semprucci, 2015
Genus Ungulilaimus Allgen, 1958 (1 species)
Subfamily Dorylaimopsinae De-Coninck, 1965 (6 genera, 61 species)
Tribe Dorylaimopsini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Dorylaimopsinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen, 1918 (33 species)
Species boucheri Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
Species communis (Gagarin & Nguyen, 2006) Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
syn Hopperia communis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2006
Species heteroapophysis Huang, Sun & Huang, 2018
Species jinyuai Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
Species longispicula Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
Species lutosa Gagarin, 2017
Species papilla Guo, Chang & Yang, 2018
Genus Expressonema Smolyanko & Belogurov, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Hopperia Vitiello, 1969 (20 species)
Species sinensis Guo, Chang, Chen Li & Liu, 2015
Species metatypica (Chitwood, 1936) Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
syn Dorylaimopsis metatypica (Chitwood, 1936) Fu, Leduc, Rao & Cai, 2019
Species novaezealandica Fu, Leduc & Zhao, 2019
Species macramphida Sun, Huang & Huang, 2018
Genus Metasabatiera Timm, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Paramesonchium Hopper, 1967 (3 species)
Genus Vasostoma Wieser, 1954 (3 species)
Species hexodontium Rosli, Leduc & Probert, 2014
Subfamily Sabatieriinae Filipjev, 1934 (7 genera, 153 species)
Tribe Sabatieriini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Sabatieriinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Asynmelaimus Nguyen, Nguyen, Smol & Vanreusel, 2008 (2 species)
Species vietnamicus Nguyen, Nguyen, Smol & Vanreusel, 2008
Genus Cervonema Wieser, 1954 (20 species)
Species donghaensis Hong, Tchesunov & Lee, 2016
Species longispicula Huang, Jia & Huang, 2018
Species tenuicaudata (Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1950) Wieser, 1950 (Hong,
from 2 genes and several analyses (Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007, Litvaitis et al. 2000, Van Megen et al. 2009). There is morpho-
logical evidence for inclusion in Monhysterida, and monophyly of the family, but not subfamily or superfamily placement (Lorenzen 1994).

Tchesunov & Lee, 2016
syn deltensis Hope & Zhang, 1995
Genus Laimella Cobb, 1920 (7 species)
Genus Pierrickia Vitiello, 1970 (4 species)
Genus Sabatieria Rouville, 1903 (106 species)
Species articulata Fu, Leduc & Zhao, 2019
Species balbutiens Leduc, 2013
Species bathycopia Leduc, 2013
Species bubulba Leduc, 2013
Species challengerensis Leduc, 2013
Species chukchensis Yang, Guo, Chen & Lin, 2019
Species conicoseta Guo, Chang & Yang, 2018
Species exculta Leduc, 2013
Species labium Botelho, Esteves & Fonseca-Genevois, 2014
Species major Yang, Guo, Chen & Lin, 2019
Species megadena Leduc, 2017
Species multisupplementia Yang, Guo, Chen & Lin, 2019
Species parapraedatrix Leduc, 2013
Species parvamphis Yang, Guo, Chen & Lin, 2019
Species pumila Leduc, 2013
Species verteris Botelho, Esteves & Fonseca-Genevois, 2014
Genus Scholpaniella Sergeeva, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Setosabatieria Platt, 1985 (13 species)
Species longiapophysis Guo, Huang, Chen, Wang & Lin, 2015
Species major Guo, Huang, Chen, Wang & Lin, 2015
Species singaporensis Chen & Long, 2015
Species minor Huang, Xu & Huang, 2019
Family Coninckiidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 5 species)
Subfamily Coninckiinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Coninckiini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Coninckiinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Coninckia Gerlach, 1956 (5 species)
Family Diplopeltidae Filipjev, 1918 (De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933) (2 subfamilies, 19
Subfamily Cylindrolaiminae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (Lorenzen, 1981) (3 genera,
24 species)
Tribe Cylindrolaimini De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Subtribe Cylindrolaiminii De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Genus Cylindrolaimus De-Man, 1880 (22 species)
Genus Halicylindrolaimus Allgen, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Linolaimus Cobb, 1933 (1 species)
Subfamily Diplopeltinae Filipjev, 1918 (16 genera, 143 species)
Tribe Diplopeltini Filipjev, 1918 *
Subtribe Diplopeltinii Filipjev, 1918 *
Genus Acmaeolaimus Filipjev, 1918 (1 species)
Genus Araeolaimus De-Man, 1888 (34 species)
Genus Belgopeltula Holovachov, 2017 (1 species)
Species belgica (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) Holovachov, 2017
Genus Campylaimus Cobb, 1920 (29 species) 211
Species amphidialis Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species longispiculus Holovachov, 2019
211 Species number according to (Fadeeva et al. 2016), excluding 1 nomen nudum.

Species minutus Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species orientalis Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species pulcher Fadeeva, Mordukhovich & Zograf, 2016
Species tricladus Holovachov, 2019
Genus Diplopeltis Cobb in Stiles & Hassal, 1905 (6 species)
Genus Diplopeltula Gerlach, 1950 (6 species) 212
Species cuspidiboja Leduc, 2017
Genus Intasia Tchesunov & Miljutin, 2008 (7 species)
Species amblynema (Bussau, 1993) Leduc, 2017
syn Southerniella amblynema (Bussau, 1993) Leduc, 2017
Species lympha (Bussau, 1993) Leduc, 2017
syn Southerniella nympha (Bussau, 1993) Leduc, 2017
Species nojii (Jensen, 1991) Leduc, 2017
syn Southerniella nojii (Jensen, 1991) Leduc, 2017
Genus Metaraeolaimoides De-Coninck, 1936 (1 species)
Genus Mudwigglus Leduc, 2013 (12 species)
Species macramphidium Leduc, 2013
Species micramphidium Holovachov, 2017
Species minuta (Vitiello, 1972) Holovachov, 2017
syn Diplopeltula minuta Vitiello, 1972 (Holovachov, 2017)
Species nellyae (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) Leduc, 2013
Species patumuka Leduc, 2013
Species plebeius Leduc, 2013
Genus Morlaixia Vincx & Gourbault, 1989 (2 species)
Genus Neodiplopeltula Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018 (14 species)
Species barentsi (Steiner, 1916) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis barentsi Steiner, 1916
syn Diplopeltis ovalis Ditlevsen, 1928 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
syn Neodiplopeltula ovalis (Ditlevsen, 1928) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis asymmetricus Allgen, 1935 Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Neodiplopeltula asymmetrica (Allgen, 1935) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis incisus sensu Gerlach, 1950 partim.
syn Diplopeltula incisa sensu Voronov, 1982 partim.
syn Diplopeltis ovalis sensu Sergeeva, 1977
syn Diplopeltula cuspidiboja Leduc, 2017 partim. (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
syn Neodiplopeltula cuspidiboja (Leduc, 2017) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
Species bathmanni (Jensen, 1991) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis bathmanni Jensen, 1991
syn Diplopeltula bathmanni (Jensen, 1991) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltula incisa sensu Vitiello, 1972 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
syn Diplopeltula incisa sensu Voronov, 1982 partim. (Holovachov & Bostrom,
2018)
syn Diplopeltula cuspidiboja Leduc, 2017 partim. (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
syn Neodiplopeltula cuspidiboja (Leduc, 2017) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
Species incisa (Southern, 1914) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis incisus Southern, 1914
syn Diplopeltula incisa (Southern, 1914)
syn Diplopeltis incisus sensu Gerlach, 1950 partim
syn Diplopeltula incisa sensu Voronov, 1982 partim)
Species indica (Gerlach, 1962) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltula indica Gerlach, 1962 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
212 Regarded as genus dubium by Holovachov & Bostrom (2018), with all species as species inquirenda.

Species intermedia (Gerlach, 1954) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltula intermedia Gerlach, 1954 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
Species obesa (Nguyen Nguyen & Gagarin, 2012) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltula obesa Nguyen Nguyen & Gagarin, 2012 (Holovachov & Bostrom,
2018)
Species onusta (Wieser, 1956) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018
syn Diplopeltis onustus Wieser, 1956 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2018)
syn Diplopeltula onusta (Wieser, 1956)
syn Diplopeltula incisa sensu Voronov, 1982 partim. (Holovachov & Bostrom,
2018)
syn Diplopeltula tchesunovi Fadeeva & Mordukhovich, 2013 (Holovachov &
Bostrom, 2018)
syn Neodiplopeltula tchesunovi (Fadeeva & Mordukhovich, 2013) Holovachov &
Bostrom, 2018
Genus Novadelonema Ozdikmen, 2010 nom nov. pro Adelonema Holovachov & Sturhan,
2003 nec Adelonema Mawson, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Pararaeolaimus Timm, 1961 (5 species)
Species tetradenus Leduc, 2017
Genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951 (8 species)
Species cylindricauda (Allgen, 1932) Holovachov, 2017
syn Diplopeltis cylindricauda Allgen, 1932 (Holovachov, 2017)
Species laminata (Vitiello, 1972) Holovachov, 2017
syn Diplopeltula laminata Vitiello, 1972 (Holovachov, 2017)
Species cassidaignensis (Vitiello, 1972) Holovachov, 2017
syn Diplopeltis cassidaignensis Vitiello, 1972 (Holovachov, 2017)
Genus Southerniella Allgen, 1932 (15 species)
Species parasimplex Leduc, 2017
Genus Striatodora Timm, 1961 (1 species)
Superorder Plectica Hodda, 2007 (3 orders, 3 suborders, 5 superfamilies, 16 families, 23 subfamilies, 75 genera, 525
species)
Order Leptolaimida Hodda, 2007 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 9 families, 13 subfamilies, 36 genera, 277 species)
Suborder Leptolaimina Lorenzen, 1981 (2 superfamilies, 9 families, 13 subfamilies, 36 genera, 277 species)
Superfamily Leptolaimoidea Oerley, 1880 (De-Coninck, 1965) (6 families, 9 subfamilies, 25 genera, 207
species)
Family Leptolaimidae Oerley, 1880 (3 subfamilies, 15 genera, 89 species)
Subfamily Leptolaiminae Oerley, 1880 (12 genera, 78 species)
Tribe Leptolaimini Oerley, 1880 *
Subtribe Leptolaiminii Oerley, 1880 *
Genus Alaimella Cobb, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Anomonema Hopper, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Antomicron Cobb, 1920 (6 species)
Genus Cricolaimus Southern, 1914 (2 species)
Genus Dagda Southern, 1914 (1 species)
Genus Diodontolaimus Southern, 1914 (3 species)
Genus Halaphanolaimus Southern, 1914 (6 species)
Species sergeevae Urkmex & Bernnan, 2013
Genus Leptolaimoides Vitiello, 1971 (9 species)
Species filicaudatus Holovachov, 2015
Species leptomicron Holovachov, 2015
Genus Leptolaimus De-Man, 1876 (39 species)
Genus Leptoplectonema Coomans & Raski, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Necolaimus Allgen, 1959 (1 species)

Genus Paraplectonema Strand, 1934 (7 species)
Subfamily Pakirinae Inglis, 1983 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Pakirini Inglis, 1983 *
Subtribe Pakirinii Inglis, 1983 *
Genus Pakira Yeates, 1967 (1 species)
Subfamily Stephanolaiminae n. subfam. (2 genera, 10 species) 213
Tribe Stephanolaimini n. tribe *
Subtribe Stephanolaiminii n. subtribe *
Genus Setostephanolaimus Tchesunov, 1994 (7 species)
Species tchesunovi Holovachov, 2014
Genus Stephanolaimus Ditlevsen, 1914 (3 species)
Family Aphanolaimidae Chitwood, 1936 (Holovachov, Zullini, Loof & Bongers, 2002) (2 subfamiles, 4
genera, 69 species)
Subfamily Anonchinae Andrassy, 1973 (1 genus, 10 species)
Tribe Anonchini Andrassy, 1973 *
Subtribe Anonchinii Andrassy, 1973 *
Genus Anonchus Cobb, 1913 (10 species)
Subfamily Aphanolaiminae Chitwood, 1936 (3 genera, 59 species)
Tribe Aphanolaimini Chitwood, 1936 *
Subtribe Aphanolaiminii Chitwood, 1936 *
Genus Aphanolaimus De-Man, 1880 (38 species)
Species strilliae Girgan, Marais, Fourie, Tiedt & Swart, 2019
Genus Aphanonchus Coomans & Raski, 1991 (8 species)
Genus Paraphanolaimus Micoletzky, 1922 (13 species)
Family Rhadinematidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subfamily Rhadinematinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Rhadinematini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Rhadinematinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Rhadinema Cobb, 1920 (3 species)
Species timmi (Vitiello, 1971) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2014
syn Leptolaimus timmi Vitiello, 1971
Family Aegialoalaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 13 species)
Subfamily Aegialoalaiminae Lorenzen, 1981 * (2 genera, 13 species)
Tribe Aegialoalaimini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Aegialoalaiminii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Aegialoalaimus De-Man, 1907 (9 species)
Genus Paraterschellingia Kreis in Stekhoven, 1935 (4 species)
Species vietnamicus Gagarin, 2018
Family Diplopeltoididae Tchesunov, 1990 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 23 species)
Subfamily Diplopeltoidinae Tchesunov, 1990 * (1 genus, 23 species)
Tribe Diplopeltoidini Tchesunov, 1990 *
Subtribe Diplopeltoidinii Tchesunov, 1990 *
Genus Diplopeltoides Gerlach, 1962 (23 species)
Species acetosus (Juario, 1974) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
syn Diplopeltula acetosus Juario, 1974 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
Species botulus (Wieser, 1959) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
syn Diplopeltula botulus Wieser, 1959 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
Species bulbosus (Vitiello, 1972) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
syn Diplopeltula bulbosus Vitiello, 1972 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
Species lucanicus (Boucher & Helleout, 1977) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
213 Type genus is Stephanolaimus Ditlevsen 1919. Diagnostic feature is a transverse oval amphid (longitudinal oval or plectoid in other
subfamilies). Molecular evidence also suggests a separate subfamily (Van Megen et al. 2009). Otherwise with the features of the family.

syn Diplopeltula lucanicus Boucher & Helleout, 1977 (Holovachov & Bostrom,
2017)
Species pumilis (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
syn Diplopeltula pumilis Vincx & Gourbault, 1992 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
syn holovachovi Fadeeva & Mordukhovich, 2013 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
Species striatus (Gerlach, 1956) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
syn Diplopeltula striatus Gerlach, 1956 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017)
Species grandis Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
Species longicaudatus Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
Species suecicus Holovachov & Bostrom, 2017
Family Ohridiidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 10 species)
Subfamily Ohridiinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (2 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Ohridiini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Ohridiinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Domorganus Goodey, 1947 (10 species)
Species gigas Gagarin & Naumova, 2015
Genus Prodomorganus Gagarin, 1993 (1 species)
Superfamily Ceramonematoidea Cobb, 1933 (De-Coninck, 1965) (3 families, 4 subfamilies, 11 genera, 70
species)
Family Tarvaiidae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 8 species)
Subfamily Tarvaiinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (1 genus, 8 species)
Tribe Tarvaiini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Tarvaiinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Tarvaia Allgen, 1934 (8 species)
Family Ceramonematidae Cobb, 1933 (Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1942) (2 subfamilies, 8 genera, 58
species) 214
Subfamily Ceramonematinae Cobb, 1933 (6 genera, 40 species)
Tribe Ceramonemini Cobb, 1933 *
Subtribe Ceramoneminii Cobb, 1933 *
Genus Ceramonema Cobb, 1920 (21 species)
Subgenus Ceramonema Cobb, 1920 (16 species)
Subgenus Proceramonema Tchesunov & Miljutina, 2002 (5 species)
Genus Dasynemella Cobb, 1933 (6 species)
Genus Dasynemoides Chitwood, 1936 (6 species)
Genus Metadasynemella De-Coninck, 1942 (3 species)
Genus Metadasynemoides Haspeslagh, 1973 (3 species)
Genus Pristionema N. Cobb in M. Cobb, 1933 (1 species)
Subfamily Pselionematinae De-Coninck, 1965 (2 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Pselionematini De-Coninck, 1965 *
Subtribe Pselionematinii De-Coninck, 1965 *
Genus Pselionema Cobb, 1933 (13 species)
Genus Pterygonema Gerlach, 1954 (5 species)
Family Tubolaimoididae Lorenzen, 1981 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 4 species) 215
Subfamily Tubolaimoidinae Lorenzen, 1981 * (2 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Tubolaimoidini Lorenzen, 1981 *
Subtribe Tubolaimoidinii Lorenzen, 1981 *
Genus Chitwoodia Gerlach, 1956 (2 species)
Genus Tubolaimoides Gerlach, 1963 (2 species)
Order Plectida Malakhov Ryzhikov & Sonin, 1982 (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 6 families, 9 subfamilies, 36 genera,
214 Morphological affinities with Tarvaiidae and Diplopeltoididae (Tchesunov & Miljutina 2002). Created as a subfamily by Cobb
(1933).
215 Marine, microbivorous.

215 species)
Suborder Plectina n. rank (2 superfamilies, 6 families, 9 subfamilies, 36 genera, 215 species)
Superfamily Plectoidea Oerley, 1880 (Chitwood, 1937) (4 families, 7 subfamilies, 32 genera, 176 species)
Family Plectidae Oerley, 1880 (4 subfamilies, 13 genera, 68 species)
Subfamily Anaplectinae Zell, 1993 (3 genera, 15 species)
Tribe Anaplectini Zell, 1993 *
Subtribe Anaplectinii Zell, 1993 *
Genus Anaplectus De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (12 species)
Genus Arctiplectus Andrassy, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Perioplectus Sanwal in Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 (2 species)
Subfamily Plectinae Oerley, 1880 (4 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Plectini Oerley, 1880 *
Subtribe Plectinii Oerley, 1880 *
Genus Ceratoplectus Andrassy, 1984 (6 species)
Genus Oligoplectus Taylor, 1935 (1 species) 216
Genus Plectus Bastian, 1865 (4 species)
syn Chiloplectus Andrassy, 1984 (syn Holovachov Susulovsky & Bostrom, 2000)
Genus Vetus Taylor, 1935 (12 species) 217
Species elongatus Poinar, 2011 218
Species libani Poinar, 2011 219
Species maximus Poinar, 2011 220
Species microcosmus Poinar, 2011 221
Subfamily Wilsonematinae Chitwood, 1951 (5 genera, 29 species)
Tribe Wilsonematini Chitwood, 1951 *
Subtribe Wilsonematinii Chitwood, 1951 *
Genus Anthonema Cobb, 1906 (1 species)
Genus Ereptonema Anderson, 1966 (5 species)
Genus Neotylocephalus Ali, Farooqui & Tejpal, 1969 (3 species)
Genus Tylocephalus Crossman, 1933 (11 species)
Genus Wilsonema Cobb, 1913 (9 species)
Subfamily Yeatesinianae n. subfam. (1 genera, 1 species) 222
Tribe Yeatesiniini n. tribe *
Subtribe Yeatesiniinii n. subtribe *
Genus Yeatesinia Holovachov & Bostrom, 2014 (1 species)
Species barbata Holovacvov & Bostrom, 2014
Family Chronogasteridae Gagarin, 1975 (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 52 species) 223
216 Fossil.
217 Fossil.
218 Fossil, Dominican amber.
219 Fossil, Lebanese amber.
222 Type species is Yeatesinia Holovachov & Bostrom 2014. Diagnostic features are: the dorsal position of the mouth opening; unequal
size and asymmetrical arrangement of anterior sensory structures (sensilla and setae) possibly related to the subterminal position of the oral
opening; the presence of large, lateral, horn-like projections at the anterior end; dorsal annules narrower than ventral annules and separated
by broad grooves rather than narrow grooves; and lateral alae appearing as a ridge, formed by extensions of annules from dorsal body surface
overlapping annules of ventral body surface and with a shingle-like appearance. In other subfamilies the mouth is terminal; the anterior sensil-
lae are similar in size and symmetrical; anterior projections are absent; annules are nearly equally spaced dorsally and ventrally; and the annules
do not overlap or form a shingle-like ridge. Otherwise with the features of the family.
223 There is ongoing controversy over the rendering of names ending in "gaster" with a suffix. See note 233: cited as either Chronogastri-
dae (Siddiqi 2003, Holovachov 2004, Mountport 2005, Holovachov & De Ley 2006), or Chronogasteridae (Ettema et al. 2000, Gagarin 1993,
Gagarin et al. 2003, Hodda 2003, 2007, Lorenzen 1981, Poinar & Sarbu 1994, Zullini et al. 2002).

Subfamily Chronograsterinae Gagarin, 1975 *
Tribe Chronogasterini Gagarin, 1975 *
Subtribe Chronogasterinii Gagarin, 1975 *
Genus Caribplectus Andrssy, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Chronogaster Cobb, 1913 (43 species)
Species loktakensis Sufyan & Mahamood, 2018
Genus Cynura Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Keralanema Siddiqi, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Plectolaimus Inglis, 1966 (2 species)
Family Metateratocephalidae Eroshenko, 1973 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 9 species) 224
Subfamily Metateratocephalinae Eroshenko, 1973 * (2 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Metateratocephalini Eroshenko, 1973 *
Subtribe Metateratocephalinii Eroshenko, 1973 *
Genus Euteratocephalus Andrassy, 1958 (6 species)
Genus Metateratocephalus Eroshenko, 1973 (3 species)
Family Camacolaimidae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 (1 subfamily, 12 genera, 47
species) 225
Subfamily Camacolaiminae De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 * (12 genera, 47 species)
Tribe Camacolaimini De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Subtribe Camacolaiminii De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933 *
Genus Anguinoides Chitwood, 1936 (7 species)
syn Camacolaimoides De-Coninck & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1933
Genus Deontolaimus De-Man, 1880 (7 species)
syn Camacolaimus De-Man, 1889 (Holovachov & Bostrom, 2015)
syn Digitonchus Cobb, 1920 (Hope & Murphy, 1972)
syn Acontiolaimus Filipjev, 1918 (Wieser, 1956)
syn Ypsilon Cobb, 1920 Wieser, 1956)
Species cangioensis Nguyen, Nguyen, Lai & Saint-Paul, 2017
Species catalinae Holovachov & Bostrom, 2015
Species mangrovi Nguyen, Nguyen, Lai & Saint-Paul, 2018
Species papillatus De-Man, 1880
syn Camacolaimus reykjanesi De-Coninck1943
syn Camacolaimus glauxicola Allgen, 1951a
Species paraguillei Holovachov & Bostrom, 2015
Species tardus (De-Man, 1889) Holovachov & Bostrom, 2015
syn Camacolaimus tardus De-Man, 1889
syn Camacolaimus barbatus Warwick, 1970
Species timmi Holovachov & Bostrom, 2015
Genus Donsinemella Allgen, 1949 (1 species)
Genus Hemiplectus Zell, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Ionema Cobb, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Listia Blome, 1982 (3 species)
Genus Neocamacolaimus Holovachov & Bostrom, 2014 (1 species)
Species parasiticus Holovachov & Bostrom, 2014
Genus Neurella Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Onchiolistia Blome, 2002 (3 species)
Genus Onchium Cobb, 1920 (10 species)
224 Metateratocephalidae (including the genera Metateratocephalus and Euteratocephalus) have been included in Teratocephalidae on mor-
phological grounds (Lorenzen 1981, 1994). Other morphological evidence (Bostrom 1989) and molecular studies (Holtermann et al. 2006,
Van Megen et al. 2009) have indicated separate evolutionary paths.
225 Camacolaiminae was regarded as a subfamily of Leptolaimidae by Lorenzen (1994), but there was no morphological apomorphy to
justify this placement. Molecular evidence suggests affinities with Plectoidea, so it is placed there (Van Megen et al. 2009).

Species longispiculum Holovachov, 2015
Genus Procamacolaimus Gerlach, 1954 (7 species)
Genus Smithsoninema Hope & Tchesunov, 1999 (1 species)
Superfamily Haliplectoidea Chitwood, 1951 (Andrassy, 1974) (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 39
species)
Family Peresianidae Vitiello & De-Coninck, 1968 (Lorenzen, 1981) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species) 226
Subfamily Peresianinae Vitiello & De-Coninck, 1968 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Peresianini Vitiello & De-Coninck, 1968 *
Subtribe Peresianinii Vitiello & De-Coninck, 1968 *
Genus Manunema Gerlach, 1957 (3 species)
Family Haliplectidae Chitwood, 1951 (De-Coninck, 1965) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 36 species) 227
Subfamily Haliplectinae Chitwood, 1951 * (3 genera, 36 species)
Tribe Haliplectini Chitwood, 1951 *
Subtribe Haliplectinii Chitwood, 1951 *
Genus Haliplectus Cobb, 1913 (31 species)
Species gracilis Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Species minor Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Species monodelphis Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Species pakistanensis Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Species paradorsalis Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Species robustus Shahina, Siddiqi & Nasira, 2014
Genus Longitubopharynx Allgen, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Setoplectus Vitiello, 1971 (4 species)
Order Benthimermithida Tchesunov, 1997 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 33 species) 228
Suborder Benthimermithina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 33 species)
Superfamily Benthimermithoidea Petter, 1980 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 33 species)
Family Benthimermithidae Petter, 1980 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 33 species)
Subfamily Benthimermithinae Petter, 1980 * (3 genera, 33 species)
Tribe Benthimermithini Petter, 1980 *
Subtribe Benthimermithinii Petter, 1980 *
Genus Adenodelphis Petter, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (30 species)
Genus Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova, 1974 (2 species)
Superorder Teratocephalica Hodda, 2007 (1 order, 1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 22
species) 229
Order Teratocephalida Goodey, 1963 (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 22 species)
Suborder Teratocephalina Andrassy, 1974 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 22 species)
Superfamily Teratocephaloidea Andrassy, 1958 (Andrassy, 1974) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 22 species)
Family Teratocephalidae Andrassy, 1958 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 22 species)
226 Subfamily created by Vitiello & De Coninck (1968).

227 Subfamily created by Chitwood (1951).
228 Benthimermithida was unplaced in previous classifications (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, De Ley et al. 2006, Hodda 2007). Morphological
evidence of phylogeny is unclear. Molecular evidence is lacking. Provisionally placed in Plectica on the basis of some similarity to Cama-
colaimus (Miljutin 2006, Miljutin & Tchesunov 2001, Tchesunov 1997).
229 After a long period of uncertainty regarding phylogeny, Teratocephalidae was placed in a separate order on morphological evidence
(Goodey 1963). Other interpretations have placed the family in Leptolaimina or Rhabditida (Lorenzen 1994, Andrassy 1976) or as unresolved
(Zhang & Baldwin 2001, Blaxter et al. 2000). Early molecular evidence suggested either a suborder within Rhabditida or Plectida (Holterman
et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007) or an unresolved position (De Ley & Blaxter 2004). As a result of the conflicting evidence, an unresolved
polytomy was suggested (Hodda 2007). The most recent molecular analysis placed the family as a separate, resolved clade equivalent with
Rhabditica (Van Megen et al. 2009), hence confirming status as a superorder, but now resolved. Several authors have commented on the ap-
parently very different phylogeny of this group, and speculated that such a high taxonomic level is not justified (eg Goodey 1963). However,
current evidence means that this is the only viable status, and the Teratocephalidae is well supported molecularly (Van Megen et al. 2009).

Subfamily Teratocephalinae Andrassy, 1958 (2 genera, 22 species)
Tribe Teratocephalini Andrassy, 1958 *
Subtribe Teratocephalinii Andrassy, 1958 *
Genus Steratocephalus Andrassy, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Teratocephalus De-Man, 1876 (21 species)
Species indicus Shikha & Chaubey, 2019
Superorder Rhabditica Hodda, 2007 (6 orders, 20 suborders, 50 superfamilies, 150 families, 278 subfamilies, 1809
Order Diplogasterida Inglis, 1983 (3 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 9 families, 14 subfamilies, 71 genera, 540 species)
Suborder Chambersiellina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 22 species) 230
Superfamily Chambersielloidea Thorne, 1937 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 22 species)
Family Chambersiellidae Thorne, 1937 (Sanwal, 1957) (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 22 species)
Subfamily Chambersiellinae Thorne, 1937 (5 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Chambersiellini Thorne, 1937 *
Subtribe Chambersiellinii Thorne, 1937 *
Genus Chambersiella Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Cornilaimus Truskova & Eroshenko, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Fescia Truskova & Eroshenko, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Geraldius Sanwal, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Trualaimus Siddiqi, 1993 (4 species)
Subfamily Macrolaiminae Sanwal, 1971 (2 genera, 14 species)
Tribe Macrolaimini Sanwal, 1971 *
Subtribe Macrolaiminii Sanwal, 1971 *
Genus Diastolaimus Rahm, 1928 (2 species)
Genus Macrolaimus Maupas, 1900 (12 species) 231
Suborder Myolaimina Inglis, 1983 (2 superfamilies, 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 8 genera, 35 species) 232
Superfamily Myolaimoidea Goodey, 1963 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 7 genera, 34 species)
Family Myolaimidae Goodey, 1963 (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 34 species)
Subfamily Myolaiminae Goodey, 1963 * (7 genera, 34 species)
Tribe Myolaimini Goodey, 1963 *
Subtribe Myolaiminii Goodey, 1963 *
Genus Cuticularia Van-Der-Linde, 1938 (6 species) 233
Genus Daubaylia Chitwood & Chitwood, 1934 (9 species)
Genus Deleyia Holovachov & Bostrom, 2006 (2 species)
Genus Myolaimus Cobb, 1920 (9 species)
Species ibericus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2017
Species mycophilus Slos & Bert in Slos, Couvreur & Bert, 2018
Genus Peplorhabditis Ivanova, 1960 (1 species) 234
230 On morphological evidence the family has been placed as unresolved in Rhabditia (Lorenzen 1994). On molecular evidence, the family
has been unresolved within Diplogasterida (De Ley & Blaxter 2004). More research is clearly needed to place the few species in the mono-
generic family, superfamily and suborder into anything other than a separate suborder under Diplogasterida, equivalent in rank to Myolaimina
(Goodey 1963).
231 Following Abolafia & Pena-Santiago (2014).
232 Affinities with Diplogasterida were suggested by most molecular analyses (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et
al. 2007), except where Myolaimidae was unresolved in the latest molecular analysis (Baerman et al. 2009, Slos et al. 2018, Van Megen et al.
2009). Morphologically, affinities with Rhabditida have been suggested also (Goodey 1963).
233 Assigned to Myolaimidae rather than Rhabditidae following the discussion of Sudhaus (2011). Synonymized with Poikilolaimus on the
basis that monotypic genera are cladistically uninformative by Sudhaus (2011). This is rejected because of the morphological novelty of the
genus, and because other species may be found subsequently.
234 Assigned to Myolaimidae rather than Rhabditidae following the discussion of Sudhaus (2011). Synonymized with Poikilolaimus on the
basis that monotypic genera are cladistically uninformative by Sudhaus (2011). This is rejected because of the morphological novelty of the
genus, and because other species may be found subsequently.

Genus Praeputirhabditis Khera, 1969 (1 species) 235
Genus Poikilolaimus Fuchs, 1930 (6 species)
Superfamily Carabonematoidea Stammer & Wachek (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Family Carabonematidae Stammer & Wachek, 1952 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species) 236
Subfamily Carabonematinae Stammer & Wachek * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Carabonematini Stammer & Wachek *
Subtribe Carabonematinii Stammer & Wachek, 1952 *
Genus Carabonema Stammer & Wachek, 1952 (1 species)
Suborder Diplogasterina Paramonov, 1952 (1 superfamily, 6 families, 10 subfamilies, 56 genera, 483 species) 237
Superfamily Diplogasteroidea Micoletzky, 1922 (Goodey, 1963) (6 families, 10 subfamilies, 56 genera, 483
species)
Family Cephalobiidae Travassos & Kloss, 1960a (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 41 species)
Subfamily Cephalobiinae Travassos & Kloss, 1960a (6 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Cephalobiini Travassos & Kloss, 1960a *
Subtribe Cephalobiinii Travassos & Kloss, 1960a *
Genus Cephalobium Cobb, 1920 (13 species)
Genus Gynopoecilia Chabaud, Golvan, Bain & Brygoo, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Hugotdiplogaster Morand & Barker, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Parasitodiplogaster Poinar, 1979 (20 species)
Species australis Davies, Ye, Giblin-Davis & Thomas, 2009
Species doliostoma Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Davies & Center, 2012
Species religiosae Zeng, Zeng, Zhang, Ye, Cheng, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2018
Species salicifoliae Woehr, Greeff, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2015
Genus Sachsia Meyl, 1960 (3 species)
Species postpapillata Mumtaz & Ahmad, 2019
Genus Syconema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 238
Species dominicana Poinar, 2011
Subfamily Mehdinematinae Farooqui, 1967 * (1 genus, 2 species) 239
Tribe Mehdinematini Farooqui, 1967 *
Subtribe Mehdinematinii Farooqui, 1967 *
Genus Mehdinema Farooqui, 1967 (2 species)
Family Diplogasteroididae Paramonov, 1952 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 52 species)
Subfamily Diplogasteroidinae Paramonov, 1952 * (3 genera, 52 species)
Tribe Diplogasteroidini Paramonov, 1952 *
Subtribe Diplogasteroidinii Paramonov, 1952 *
Genus Diplogasteroides De-Man, 1912 (37 species)
Species asiaticus Kanzaki, Woodruff, Akiba & Maehara, 2015
Species luxuriosae Kanzaki & Ide, 2016
Species nix Kanzaki, Sakamoto & Maehara, 2016
Species rugaoensis Zhou, Su & Zhang, 2017
Genus Goffartia Hirschmann, 1952 (7 species)
235 Assigned to Myolaimidae rather than Rhabditidae following the discussion of Sudhaus (2011).
236 Molecular evidence of phylogeny of Carabonematidae is lacking (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Van Megen et al. 2009). The position of
the family is either unresolved within Rhabditina on morphological evidence (Stammer & Wachek 1952) or within Myolaimina (Inglis 1983).
The family contains few, poorly-known species, and more investigation required.
237 There is controversy over the correct rendering of names based on the genus name Diplogaster, resting on formation of Latin adjectives
and the form of nouns (Sudhaus & von Lieven 2003). The original use as a suborder was the form “Diplogasterata n. subord” (Paramonov
1952). Here, the most frequently used form is adopted. The position of the (well-defined) suborder was unresolved within Rhabditica on
molecular evidence (Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007, Van Megen et al. 2009), but sometimes placed within Rhabditida (De Ley &
Blaxter 2004). A separate clade of equal rank to Rhabditina and Tylenchina on morphological evidence (Lorenzen 1994).
239 Created as a Family by Farooqui (1967).

Species phalacra Singh, Yousuf, Kumar & Ahmad, 2014
Genus Rhabditidoides Rahm, 1928 (8 species)
Species aegus Kanzaki, Kajimura & Okabe, 2016
Family Diplogasteridae Micoletzky, 1922 (Steiner, 1929) (4 subfamilies, 40 genera, 356 species)
Subfamily Diplogasterinae Micoletzky, 1922 (32 genera, 318 species)
Tribe Diplogasterini Micoletzky, 1922 *
Subtribe Diplogasterinii Micoletzky, 1922 *
Genus Acrostichus Rahm, 1928 (36 species)
Species floridensis Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Gonzalez & Manzoor, 2017
Species medius Tahseen, Ahlawat, Asif & Mustaqim, 2016
Species musai (Yousuf, Mahamood & Ahmad, 2016) n. comb. 240
syn Pseudacrostichus musai Yousuf, Mahamood & Ahmad, 2016
Species palmarum Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2018
Genus Allodiplogaster Paramonov & Sobolev in Skrjabin, Shikobalova, Sobolev,
Paramonov & Sudarikov, 1954 (34 species) 241
Species media Gusakov & Gagarin, 2016
Genus Anchidiplogaster Paramonov, 1952 (1 species) 242
Genus Apifilaria Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 243
Species proplebiae Poinar, 2011
Genus Chilonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 244
Species filaforma Poinar, 2011
Genus Costanemella Andrassy, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Cretodiplogaster Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 245
Species termitophilus Poinar, 2011
Genus Demaniella Steiner, 1914 (6 species)
Genus Diplogaster Schultze in Carus, 1857 (7 species)
Genus Diplogasteriana Meyl, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Diplogastrellus Paramonov, 1952 (2 species)
syn Indocephalobus Garden, 2014 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a)
Species gracilis (Butschli, 1876) Paramonov, 1952
syn Indocephalobus zebrae Garden, 2014 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a)
Species latigubernacula Mahamood, Li, Keshari & Liang, 2015
Genus Diplonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 246
Species minuta Poinar, 2011
Genus Fictor Paramonov, 1952 (20 species)
Species longicauda Gazala & Mahamood, 2017
Species suptilis Gazala & Mahamood, 2017
Genus Filotermes Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 247
Species minutus Poinar, 2011
Genus Formicodiplogaster Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 248
240 The proposed diagnostic characters of cuticular annulation, stomal tooth structure, stoma shape, lack of vaginal pouches, offset sperma-
theca, and tip of the gubernaculum are normally species-level characters and insufficient to justify a new genus.
241 Synonymized with Koerneria on morphological evidence by Sudhaus & Furst von Lieven (2003), but reinstated on molecular and mor-
phological grounds by Kanzaki Ragsdale & Giblin-Davis (2014).
242 Synonymized with Koerneria on morphological evidence by Sudhaus & Furst von Lieven (2003), but reinstated on molecular and mor-
phological grounds by Kanzaki Ragsdale & Giblin-Davis (2014).
248 Fossil.

Species myrmenema Poinar, 2011
Genus Gubalonus Siddiqi, 2014 (1 species)
Species mirus Siddiqi, 2014
Genus Koerneria Meyl, 1960 (8 species)
Species falcespicula Ahlawat & Tahseen, 2015
Genus Leptojacobus Kanzaki, Ragsdale, Susoy & Sommer, 2014 (1 species)
Species dorci Kanzaki, Ragsdale, Susoy & Sommer, 2014
Genus Levipalatum Ragsdale, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2014 (1 species)
Species texanum Ragsdale, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2014
Genus Micoletzkya Weingaertner, 1955 (23 species)
Genus Mononchoides Rahm, 1928 (50 species)
Species latigubernaculum Yousuf, Mahamood, Mumtaz & Ahmad, 2014
Species macrospiculum Troccoli, Oreste, Tarasco, Fanelli & De-Luca, 2015
Species tenuispiculum Yousuf, Mahamood, Mumtaz & Ahmad, 2014
Genus Oigolaimella Paramonov, 1952 (7 species)
Species brevigubernacula Yousuf, Sabir & Mahamood, 2017
Genus Oligodiplogaster Poinar, 1977 (1 species) 249
Genus Palaeodiplogaster Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 250
Species bretiphila Poinar, 2011
Genus Paroigolaimella Paramonov, 1952 (12 species)
Species helalii Tahseen, Ahlawat & Mustaqim, 2015
Genus Peterngus Ahmad, Ahmad & Mahamood, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Pristionchus Kreis, 1932 (79 species)
Species americanus Herrmann, Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Sommer, 2017
Species bulgaricus Kanzaki, Ragsdale, Herrmann & Sommer, 2014
Species degrawal Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
2018
Species entamophilus Li, Dai, Bao, Chen, Gao, Wang, Wang, Wang, Yedid &
Zhang, 2015
Species fukushimae Ragsdale, Kanzaki, Roeseler, Hermann & Sommer, 2013
Species hongkongensis Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger &
Sommer, 2018
Species hoplostomus Ragsdale, Kanzaki, Roeseler, Hermann & Sommer, 2013
Species kurasawai Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
2018
Species laevicollis Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
2018
Species lucani Kanzaki, Ragsdale, Herrmann & Sommer, 2014
Species macrospiculum (Altherr, 1938) Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Giblin-Davis, 2014
syn Anchidiplogaster macrospiculum Altherr, 1938 (Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Giblin-
Davis, 2014)
Species marianneae Herrmann, Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Sommer, 2017
Species neolucani Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
2018
Species occultus Herrmann, Weiler, Roedelsperger, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2016
Species pauli Herrmann, Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Sommer, 2017
Species paulseni Herrmann, Kanzaki, Weiler, Yoshida, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
2019
Species pseudaerivorus Herrmann, Kanzaki, Ragsdale & Sommer, 2017
Species riukiariae Kanzaki, Herrmann, Yoshida, Weiler, Roedelsperger & Sommer,
249 Fossil.

2018
Species sikae Yoshida, Herrmann, Kanzaki, Weiler, Rodelsperger & Sommer, 2018
Species stercoraris Yousuf & Mahamood, 2017
Species taiwanensis Herrmann, Weiler, Roedelsperger, Kanzaki & Sommer,
2016
Species triformis Ragsdale, Natsumi, Roeseler, Hermann & Sommer, 2013
Species yamagatae Herrmann, Kanzaki, Weiler, Yoshida, Roedelsperger &
Sommer, 2019
Genus Scarabinema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 251
Species minuta Poinar, 2011
Genus Scolytonema Poinar, 2011 (3 species) 252
Species hispaniolae Poinar, 2011
Species mexicana Poinar, 2011
Genus Sudhausia Hermann Ragsdale, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2013 (8 species)
Species aristotokia Hermann, Ragsdale, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2013
Species crassa Hermann, Ragsdale, Kanzaki & Sommer, 2013
Species floridensis Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Gonzalez, Wood & Kaufman, 2017
Genus Teratodiplogaster Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Davies, Ye, Center & Thomas, 2009
(6 species) 253
Species variegatae Kanzaki, Woodruff & Tanaka, 2014
Species fignewmani Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Davies, Ye, Center & Thomas, 2009
Species martini Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Davies & Center, 2012
Genus Virenodiplogaster Bajaj, 2016 (1 species)
Species dentatus Bajaj, 2016
Subfamily Cylindrocorporinae Goodey, 1936 (T. Goodey, 1939) (4 genera, 28 species) 254 255
Tribe Cylindrocorporini Goodey, 1936 *
Subtribe Cylindrocorporinii Goodey, 1936 *
Genus Ceratosolenus Rajeswari Anand, 2005 (2 species) 256
Genus Longibucca Chitwood, 1933 (3 species)
Genus Protocylindrocorpus Poinar, Pereira-Da-Silva & Hector-Flechtmann, 2014 (1
species)
Species brasiliensis Poinar, Pereira-da-Silva & Hector-Flechtmann, 2014
Genus Rhabditolaimus Fuchs, 1914 (22 species)
syn Diplogasteroides (Neodiplogasteroides) De-Man, 1912 (Ruehm in Koerner, 1954)
syn Myctolaimus Cobb, 1920 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
syn Cylindrogaster T. Goodey, 1927 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012) (nec Cylindrogaster Stal,
1855)
syn Goodeyus Chitwood, 1933 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
syn Cylindrocorpus T. Goodey, 1939 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
syn Protocylindrocorpus Ruehm, 1959 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)

252 Fossil, Dominican and Mexican amber.
253 A valid genus according to Kanzaki Woodruff & Tanaka (2014), although poorly differentiated from Parasitodiplogaster and Ko-
erneria.
254 Created as a family by Goodey (1936).
255 Included in Rhabditida by Hodda (2007), placed in Diplogasterida on molecular evidence (Van Megen et al. 2009), the evidence for
morphological placement has long been in doubt.
256 Both species in this genus were described by Anand (2005, 2006), and both were found in association with fig wasps. The pharynx
morphology and shape of the gymnostom suggest they may be in the enlarged genus Rhabditolaimus, but Susoy & Hermann (2012) could not
unambiguously place them there, treating them instead as species incertae sedis pending further study. The differences are here regarded as
sufficient to provisionally accept generic status.

syn Dirhabdilaimus Paramonov & Turlygina, 1955 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
syn Neodiplogasteroides Ruehm in Koerner, 1954 (Meyl, 1960)
syn Myctolaimellus Andrassy, 1984 (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
Species anoplophorae (Kanzaki & Futai, 2004) (Susoy & Hermann, 2012)
syn Cylindrocorpus anoplophorae Kanzaki & Futai, 2004 (Susoy & Herrmann,
2012)
syn Myctolaimus anoplophorae (Kanzaki & Futai, 2004) Kanzaki, Kobayashi,
Nozaki & Futai, 2006
Species carolinensis (Massey, 1967) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Dirhabdilaimus carolinensis Massey, 1967 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Diplogasteroides carolinensis (Massey, 1967) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven,
2003
Species curzii (Goodey, 1935) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrogaster curzii Goodey, 1935 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus curzii (Goodey, 1935) Andrassy, 1984
Species dendrophilus (Kinn, 1984) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Protocylindrocorpus dendrophilus Kinn, 1984 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus dendrophilus Kinn, 1984 (Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003)
Species erectus (Massey, 1960) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrocorpus erectus Massey, 1960 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus erectus Massey, 1960 (Andrassy, 1984)
Species goodeyi (Ruehm, 1959) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn goodeyi Ruehm, 1959 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Cylindrocorpus (Protocylindrocorpus) goodeyi Ruehm, 1959
syn Goodeyus goodeyi (Ruehm, 1959) J.B. Goodey, 1963
syn Protocylindrocorpus goodeyi Ruehm, 1959 (Paramonov, 1964)
syn Myctolaimus goodeyi (Ruehm, 1959) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003
Species inevectus (Poinar Jackson Bell & Wahid, 2003) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrocorpus inevectus Poinar, Jackson, Bell & Wahid, 2003 (Susoy &
Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus inevectus (Poinar, Jackson, Bell & Wahid, 2003) Kanzaki,
Kobayashi, Nozaki & Futai, 2006
Species kishtwarensis (Hussain, Tahseen, Khan & Jairajpuri, 2004) Susoy &
Herrmann, 2012
syn Myctolaimus kishtwarensis Hussain, Tahseen, Khan & Jairajpuri, 2004 (Susoy
& Herrmann, 2012)
Species leuckarti Fuchs, 1914
Species macrolaimus (A. Schneider, 1866) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Leptodera macrolaimus A. Schneider, 1866 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Rhabditis macrolaimus (A. Schneider, 1866) Oerley, 1880
syn Cylindrogaster macrolaimus (A. Schneider, 1866) Chitwood, 1933
syn Cylindrocorpus macrolaimus (A. Schneider, 1866) Goodey, 1939
syn Myctolaimus macrolaimus (A. Schneider, 1866) Andrassy, 1984
Species nacogdochensis (Massey, 1974) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Dirhabdilaimus nacogdochensis Massey, 1974 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Diplogasteroides nacogdochensis (Massey, 1974) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-
Lieven, 2003
Species neolongistoma (Hussain, Tahseen, Khan & Jairajpuri, 2004) Susoy &
Herrmann, 2012
syn Myctolaimus neolongistoma Hussain, Tahseen, Khan & Jairajpuri, 2004 (Susoy
& Herrmann, 2012)
Species pellucidus (Cobb, 1920) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012

syn Myctolaimus pellucidus Cobb, 1920 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
Species picei (Fuchs, 1931) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Diplogasteroides (Neodiplogasteroides) picei (Fuchs, 1931) Ruehm, 1956
syn Neodiplogasteroides picei (Fuchs, 1931) Ruehm, 1956 (Meyl, 1960)
syn Dirhabdilaimus picei (Fuchs, 1931) Baker, 1962
syn Diplogasteroides picei (Fuchs, 1931) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003
Species pini Fuchs, 1931
syn Dirhabdilaimus pini (Fuchs, 1931) Paramonov & Turlygina, 1955
syn Diplogasteroides pini (Fuchs, 1931) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003
Species platypi (Kanzaki Kobayashi Nozaki & Futai) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Myctolaimus platypi Kanzaki Kobayashi Nozaki & Futai (Susoy & Herrmann,
2012)
Species rifflei (Massey & Hinds, 1970) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrocorpus rifflei Massey & Hinds, 1970 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus rifflei (Massey & Hinds, 1970) Andrassy, 1984
Species robiniae (Harman Winter & Harman, 2000) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Myctolaimellus robiniae Harman Winter & Harman, 2000 (Susoy &
Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus robiniae (Harman Winter & Harman, 2000) Sudhaus & Furst-
Von-Lieven, 2003
Species ulmi (Goodey, 1930) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrogaster ulmi Goodey, 1930 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus ulmi (T. Goodey, 1930) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003
Species vitautasi (Korenchenko, 1975) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrocorpus vitautasi Korenchenko, 1975 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimus vitautasi (Korenchenko, 1975) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven,
2003
Species walkeri (Hunt, 1980) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Cylindrocorpus walkeri Hunt, 1980 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
syn Myctolaimellus walkeri (Hunt, 1980) Andrassy, 1984
syn Myctolaimus walkeri (Hunt, 1980) Sudhaus & Furst-Von-Lieven, 2003
Species zamithi (Lordello in Andrassy, 1984) Susoy & Herrmann, 2012
syn Myctolaimus zamithi Lordello in Andrassy, 1984 (Susoy & Herrmann, 2012)
Subfamily Medibullinae Siddiqi, 1993 (2 genera, 6 species)
syn Shahnematinae Siddiqi, 2014 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a) 257
Tribe Medibullini Siddiqi, 1993 *
Subtribe Medibullinii Siddiqi, 1993 *
Genus Medibulla Siddiqi, 1993 (2 species)
Genus Shahnema Siddiqi, 2014 (4 species)
Species typicum Siddiqi, 2014
Species cabii Siddiqi, 2014
Subfamily Titilleinae Siddiqi, 2014 (2 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Titilleini Siddiqi, 2014 *
Subtribe Titilleinii Siddiqi, 2014 *
Genus Diplogasteritus Paramonov, 1952 (3 species)
Genus Titilleus Siddiqi, 2014 (1 species)
Species shahinae Siddiqi, 2014
Family Neodiplogasteridae Paramonov, 1952 (Andrassy, 1984) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Subfamily Neodiplogasterinae Paramonov, 1952 (2 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Neodiplogasterini Paramonov, 1952 *
Subtribe Neodiplogasterinii Paramonov, 1952 *
257 Created as family Shahnematidae Siddiqi (2014).

Genus Heteropleuronema Andrassy, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Neodiplogaster Cobb, 1924 (11 species)
Species unguispicata, Couvreur & Bert, 2018
Family Pseudodiplogasteroididae Koerner, 1954 (De-Ley & Blaxter, 2002) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 19
species) 258
Subfamily Pseudodiplogasteroidinae Koerner, 1954 * (2 genera, 19 species)
Tribe Pseudodiplogasteroidini Koerner, 1954 *
Subtribe Pseudodiplogasteroidinii Koerner, 1954 *
Genus Butlerius Goodey, 1929 (17 species) 259
Species sclerovaginatus Ahlawat & Tahseen, 2015
Genus Pseudodiplogasteroides Koerner, 1954 (2 species)
Family Tylopharyngidae Filipjev, 1934 * n. rank. (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 3 species)
Subfamily Tylopharynginae Filipjev, 1934 (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Tylopharyngini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Tylopharynginii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Aenigmenchus De-Ley, Coomans & Geraert, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Tylopharynx De-Man, 1876 (2 species)
Order Rhabditida Chitwood, 1933 (6 suborders, 10 superfamilies, 23 families, 45 subfamilies, 552 genera, 4105
species) 260
Suborder Brevibuccina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 5 species) 261
Superfamily Brevibuccoidea Paramonov, 1956 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 5 species)
Family Brevibuccidae Paramonov, 1956 (Goodey, 1963) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 5 species) 262
Subfamily Brevibuccinae Paramonov, 1956 (3 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Brevibuccini Paramonov, 1956 *
Subtribe Brevibuccinii Paramonov, 1956 *
Genus Brevibucca Goodey, 1935 (3 species)
Genus Cuticonema Sanwal, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Tarantobelus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018b (1 species)
Species arachnicida Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018b
Suborder Bunonematina Siddiqi, 1980 (2 superfamilies, 3 families, 3 subfamilies, 9 genera, 54 species) 263
Superfamily Bunonematoidea Micoletzky, 1922 (Andrassy, 1971) (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 8 genera, 52
species)
Family Bunonematidae Micoletzky, 1922 (Paramonov, 1956) (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 46 species)
Subfamily Bunonematinae Micoletzky, 1922 (7 genera, 46 species)
Tribe Bunonematini Micoletzky, 1922 *
Subtribe Bunonematinii Micoletzky, 1922 *
Genus Aspidonema Sachs, 1949 (7 species)
Species formosa Tahseen, Khan & Ahlawat, 2016
258 Created as a subfamily by Koerner (1954).

259 Placed in Pseudodiplogasteroididae on the basis of molecular evidence (Shokoohi et al. 2015).
260 Spermatogenesis and development provide evidence for the separation of Spirurida, Rhabditida and Panagrolaimida (Yushin & Malak-
hov 2004, Schierenberg & Lahl 2004).
261 On morphological evidence the family has been placed as unresolved in Rhabditida (Lorenzen 1994). On molecular evidence, the fam-
ily has been unresolved within Rhabditida (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007, Van Megen et al. 2009). In all
cases a resolution between Rhabditina and Diplogasterina has not been possible. Hence regarded as a separate suborder..
262 Created as a subfamily by Paramonov (1956).
263 Diplogastrina [sic] and Bunonema have been regarded as closely related on the basis of five morphological synapomorphies: mainly
related to fine structure of buccal cavity, but also genital papillae (Von Lieven & Sudhaus 2000). It is unclear what group(s) these characters
are synapomorphies of: potentially they could be synapomorphies of Rhabditica, in which case these characters would not conflict with the
molecular evidence placing Bunonema in Rhabditida (Holterman et al. 2006), but the affinities of Bunonematidae are unresolved in other
analyses (Van Megen et al. 2009). Placed in Rhabditida on the basis of morphological similarity (De Ley et al. 2006, Goodey 1963, Hodda
2007), but as a separate suborder.

Genus Bunonema Jaegerskioeld, 1905 (19 species)
Subgenus Bunonema Jagerskioeld, 1905 (16 species)
Subgenus Serronema Paesler, 1957 (3 species)
Species longispiculum Shah & Vaid, 2017
Genus Craspedonema Richters, 1908 (3 species)
Genus Rhodolaimus Fuchs, 1930 (13 species)
Genus Rhodonema Andrassy, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Sachsium Andrassy, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Stammeria Sachs, 1949 (1 species)
Family Pterygorhabditidae Goodey, 1963 (Andrassy, 1971) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 6 species)
Subfamily Pterygorhabditinae Goodey, 1963 (1 genus, 6 species)
Tribe Pterygorhabditini Goodey, 1963 *
Subtribe Pterygorhabditinii Goodey, 1963 *
Genus Pterygorhabditis Timm, 1957 (6 species)
Species punctata Tahseen, Khan & Ahlawat, 2016
Superfamily Odontopharyngoidea Micoletzky, 1922 (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species)
Family Odontopharyngidae Micoletzky, 1922 (Filipjev & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1941) (1 subfamily, 1
genus, 2 species)264
Subfamily Odontopharynginae Micoletzky, 1922 * (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Odontopharyngini Micoletzky, 1922 *
Subtribe Odontopharynginii Micoletzky, 1922 *
Genus Odontopharynx De-Man, 1912 (2 species)
Suborder Peloderina Hodda, 2007 (2 superfamilies, 8 families, 9 subfamilies, 31 genera, 269 species)
Superfamily Ablechroiulioidea Hodda, 2007 (3 families, 3 subfamilies, 7 genera, 38 species) 265
Family Ablechroiulidae Hodda, 2007 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 14 species)
Subfamily Ablechroiulinae Hodda, 2007 * (1 genus, 14 species)
Tribe Ablechroiulini Hodda, 2007 *
Subtribe Ablechroiulinii Hodda, 2007 *
Genus Ablechroiulus Andrassy, 1966 (14 species)
Family Choriorhabditidae n. fam. (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 7 species) 266

Subfamily Choriorhabditinae n. subfam. * (3 genera, 7 species)
264 A subfamily according to Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven (1941).

265 A separate superfamily pending resolution of affinities, which are currently unresolved on morphological or molecular evidence (An-
drassy 1974, Meldal et al. 2007). Includes the genus Rhabditoides (Andrassy 1976), and clearly within Rhabditida (Andrassy 1976, De Ley et
al. 2006, Hodda 2007). Andrassy (1976) originally proposed subfamily Ablechroiulinae to include the genera Ablechroiulus and Rhabditoides
Goodey 1929, both genera having in common the possession of bundles of cirri–like bristles on lip region, among other features. Sudhaus &
Fitch (2001) provided an updated classification of Rhabditidae Oerley 1980, but maintained on the basis of morphological and molecular data
that Ablechroiulus was a junior synonym of Rhabditis (Rhabditis), one of the 15 subgenera in which Sudhaus (1976) subdivided the genus.
Andrassy (1976, 1983, 1984, 2005) did not accept Sudhaus’ scheme. Molecular phylogenies showed that one species of Ablechroiulus (A.
dudichi or Choriorhabditis dudichi in Sudhaus’ scheme), is not distinctly clustered with other representatives of the subgenus Rhabditis. This
result was also obtained by Holterman et al. (2006). Kiontke & Fitch (2005) included three Ablechroiulus species in their molecular study
(A. brassicae, A. cristatus and A. dudichi): A. brassicae clustered with Rhabditis species and the other two formed a clade at the base of the
Eurhabditis group. The genus was re-examined by Abolafia & Pena Santiago (2009, 2011), who briefly discussed the identity of Ablechroi-
ulus, and characterized it mainly on the basis of the presence of short labial setae, classifying it under the subfamily Rhabditinae Oerley, 1880,
and regarding Ablechroiulinae Andrassy, 1976 as a junior synonym of that taxon. Sudhaus (2011) suggested Choriorhabditis, Discoditis,
Paradoxorhabditis and the synonymized Amplirhabditis formed a monophyletic group with Ablechroiulus which was synonymized with Cho-
riorhabditis. In view of the highly unresolved position of the group, either morphologically or molecularly, it is here regarded as a separate
clade. The cirri-like bristles are a unique apomorphy.
266 Type genus is Choriorhabditis (Osche 1952). Diagnostic features are: lips with tufts of bristles; wall of gymnostome reinforced; GP2
& GP3 close together; and GP5 & GP6 close together. Lips without bristle tufts; wall of gymnostome normal; and GP 2/3 and 5/6 spaced in
other families. Otherwise with the features of the superfamily.

Tribe Choriorhabditini n. tribe *
Subtribe Choriorhabditinii n. subtribe *
Genus Choriorhabditis Osche, 1952 (4 species)
Genus Discoditis Andrassy, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Paradoxorhabditis Khera, 1971 (1 species)
Family Rhabditoididae n. fam. (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 17 species) 267
Subfamily Rhabditoididae n. subfam. * (3 genera, 17 species)
Tribe Rhabditoidini n. tribe *
Subtribe Rhabditoidinii n. subtribe *
Genus Rhabditoides Goodey, 1929 (9 species)
Species humicolus Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2015
Genus Rhitilla Andrassy, 2007 (1 species)
Genus Rhitis Andrassy, 1983 (7 species)
Superfamily Mesorhabditoidea Andrassy, 1976 (De-Ley & Blaxter, 2002) (5 families, 6 subfamilies, 24 genera,
231 species)
Family Haematozoonidae n. fam. (1 genus, 2 species) 268
Subfamily Haematozooninae n. subfam. *
Tribe Haematozoonini n. tribe *
Subtribe Haematozooninii n. subtribe *
Genus Haematozoon Leisering, 1865 (2 species)
Family Mesorhabditidae Andrassy, 1976 (De-Ley & Blaxter, 2002) (2 subfamilies, 12 genera, 47
species) 269
Subfamily Mesorhabditinae Andrassy, 1976 (7 genera, 32 species)
Tribe Mesorhabditini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Mesorhabditinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Bursilla Andrassy, 1976 (8 species)
Genus Lesjan Brzeski, 1985 (1 species) 270
Genus Mesorhabditis Osche, 1952 (19 species)
Genus Operculorhabditis Khera, 1969 (1 species) 271
Genus Palaeorhabditis Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 272
Species balticus Poinar, 2011
Genus Psocidonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 273
Genus Uniovaria Khera, 1969 (1 species) 274
Subfamily Crustorhabditinae n. subfam. (5 genera, 15 species) 275
267 Type genus is Rhabditoides T. Goodey 1929. Diagnostic features are: lips closed; glottis present; 3 denticles in each sector of stoma;
and GP arranged radially. Lips open; glottis absent; less than 3 denticles; and GP not arranged radially in other families. Otherwise with the
features of the superfamily.
268 A separate lineage associated with Mesorhabditis and Pelodera according to Sudhaus (2011). Type genus is Haematozoon Leisering
1865. Diagnostic features are: long narrow stoma with posterior cup-shaped; separate spicules; and radial GP. Stoma shorter with posterior
not cup-shaped; spicules partially fused; and GP arranged otherwise in other families. Otherwise with the features of the superfamily.
269 Created as a subfamily by Andrassy (1976).
270 Synonymized with Mesorhabditis on the basis that monotypic genera are uninformative by Sudhaus (2011). This is rejected because of
the morphological novelty of the genus, and because other species may be found subsequently.
272 Fossil, Baltic amber.
275 Distinct from Mesorhabditis and related genera (Sudhaus 2011). Type genus is Crustorhabditis Sudhaus 1974. Diagnostic feature is:
spicules fused for at least 1/3 of their length. Spicules fused less in other subfamilies. Otherwise with the features of the family.

Tribe Crustorhabditini n. tribe *
Subtribe Crustorhabditinii n. subtribe *
Genus Crustorhabditis Sudhaus, 1974 (5 species)
Genus Marispelodera Belogurov, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Distolabrellus Anderson, 1983 (3 species)
Genus Teratorhabditis Osche, 1952 (5 species)
Genus Tetrarhabditis Osche, 1952 (1 species)
Family Peloderidae Andrassy, 1976 (De-Ley & Blaxter, 2002) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 26 species)
Subfamily Peloderidae Andrassy, 1976 (3 genera, 26 species)
Tribe Peloderini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Peloderinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Coarctadera Dougherty, 1953 (9 species)
Genus Pelodera Schneider, 1866 (16 species)
Species aligarhensis Tahseen, Akram, Mustaqim & Ahlawat, 2014
Species scrofulata Tahseen, Akram, Mustaqim & Ahlawat, 2014
Genus Rhomborhabditis Andrassy, 1983 (1 species)
Family Parasitorhabditidae Lazarevskaya, 1965 (Hodda, 2007) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 43 species) 276
Subfamily Parasitorhabditinae Lazarevskaya, 1965 (1 genus, 43 species)
Tribe Parasitorhabditini Lazarevskaya, 1965 *
Subtribe Parasitorhabditinii Lazarevskaya, 1965 *
Genus Parasitorhabditis Fuchs, 1937 (43 species)
Family Rhabdiasidae Railliet, 1916 (1 subfamily, 7 genera, 113 species) 277
Subfamily Rhabdiasinae Railliet, 1916 * (7 genera, 113 species)
Tribe Rhabdiasini Railliet, 1916 *
Subtribe Rhabdiasinii Railliet, 1916 *
Genus Acanthorhabdias Pereira, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Chabirenia Lhermitte, Vallarino, Bain, Deharo, Bertani, Voza, Attout & Gaucher,
2005 (1 species)
Genus Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (9 species)
Species moraveci Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2015
Genus Neoentomelas Hasegawa, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Pneumonema Johnston, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Rhabdias Stiles & Hassall, 1905 (82 species)
Species bengalensis Sou, Sow & Nandi, 2019
Species breviensis Nascimento, Gocalves, Melo, Giese, Furtado & Santos, 2013
Species engelbrechti Kuzmin, Halajian, Tavakol, Luus-Powell & Tkash, 2017
Species galactonoti Kuzmin, Melo, Da-Silva-Filho & Dos-Santos, 2016
Species garhwalensis Maity, Rizvi, Busey & Basu, 2018
Species glaurungi Willkens, Rebelo, Santos, Furtado, Vilela, Tkach, Kuzmin &
Melo, 2019
Species stomatica Maity, Rizvi & Bursey, 2018
Species stenocoephala Kuzmin, Melo, Da-Silva-Filho & Dos-Santos, 2016
Species sylvestris (Baker, 1982) Tkach, Halajian & Kuzmin, 2014
syn Entomelas sylvestris Baker, 1982 Tkach, Halajian & Kuzmin, 2014
Genus Serpentirhabdias Tkach, Kuzmin & Snyder, 2014 (18 species)
Species atracti Kuzmin, De-Vasconcelos-Melo & Dos-Santos, 2014
Species atroxi Kuzmin, Giese, De-Vasconcelos, Francisco, Ferreira, Borges-da-
Costa, Maschio & Dos-Santos, 2016
276 The genus Parasitorhabditis was previously placed in Rhabditidae, but it is unambiguously a separate clade associated with Peloderina
on molecular evidence (Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007). According to Sudhaus (2011), related to Pelodera, but more closely related
to Mesorhabditis. Hence regarded as a separate family related to both.
277 A distinct lineage arising independently of Caenorhabditis, and Heterorhabditis and Rhabditis according to Sudhaus (2011).

Species dubielzigi Lucio-Forster, Liotta, Rishniw & Bowman, 2015
Species mussuranae Kuzmin, Tkach & Melo, 2019
Species moi Machado, Kuzmin, Tkach, Dos-Santos, Goncalves & Melo, 2018
Species viperidicus Morais, Aguiar, Mueller, Narciso, Da-Silva & Da-Silva, 2017
Suborder Rhabditina Chitwood, 1933 (3 superfamilies, 9 families, 30 subfamilies, 505 genera, 3751 species)
Superfamily Heterorhabditoidea Poinar, 1975 * (2 families, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 30 species) 278
Family Heterorhabditidae Poinar, 1975 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 29 species)
Subfamily Heterorhabditinae Poinar, 1975 * (3 genera, 29 species)
Tribe Heterorhabditini Poinar, 1975 *
Subtribe Heterorhabditinii Poinar, 1975 *
Genus Heterorhabditis Poinar, 1976 (27 species)
Species atacamensis Edgington, Buddie, Moore, France, Merino & Hunt, 2011
Species baujardi Phan, Subbotin, Nguyen & Moens, 2003
syn somsookae Maneesakorn, An, Grewal & Chandrapatya, 2015 (Hunt &
Subbotin, 2016)
Species beicherriana Li, Liu, Nermut, Puza & Mracek, 2012
Species indica Poinar, Karunakar & David, 1992
syn gerrardi Plichta, Joyce, Clarke, Waterfield & Stock, 2009 (Hunt & Subbotin,
2016)
syn pakistanensis Shahina, Tabassum, Salma, Mehreen & Knoetze, 2016 (Hunt &
Subbotin, 2016)
syn pakistanense Shahina, Tabassum, Salma, Mehreen & Knoetze, 2016 (Hunt &
Subbotin, 2016)
Species noenieputensis Malan, Knoetze & Tiedt, 2014
Species taysearae Shamseldean, El-Sooud, Abd-Elgawad & Saleh, 1996
syn sonorensis Stock, Rivera-Orduno & Flores-Lara, 2009 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
Genus Palaeoarachnus Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 279
Species burmanicus Poinar, 2011
Genus Proheterorhabditis Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 280
Species burmensis Poinar, 2011
Family Syrphonematidae Laumond & Lyon, 1971 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Syrphonematinae Laumond & Lyon, 1971 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Syrphonematini Laumond & Lyon, 1971 *
Subtribe Syrphonematinii Laumond & Lyon, 1971 *
Genus Syrphonema Laumond & Lyon, 1971 (1 species)
Superfamily Rhabditoidea Oerley, 1880 (Travassos, 1920) (3 families, 11 subfamily, 43 genera, 403 species)
Family Cruznematidae n. fam. (2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 17 species) 281
Subfamily Cruznematinae n. subfam. * (2 genera, 9 species) 282
Tribe Cruznematini n. tribe *
Subtribe Cruznematinii n. subtribe *
Genus Cruznema Artigas, 1927 (8 species)
Genus Epimenides Gutierrez, 1949 (1 species)
Subfamily Rhabpaninae n. subfam. (2 genera, 8 species) 283
278 A separate clade according to the molecular analysis of Chilton et al. (2006)
280 Fossil, Burmese amber.
281 A distinct lineage associated with Mesorhabditis and Pelodera according to Sudhaus (2011). Type genus is Cruznema Artigas 1927.
Diagnostic features are: glottis present; labial hooks absent; and phasmid anterior to GP7. Glottis absent; labial hooks present; and phasmid
position variable in other families. Otherwise with the features of the superfamily.
282 Diagnostic features are: phasmids at anus level and ray-like; and 8 GP.
283 Type genus is Rhabpanus Massey 1971. Diagnostic features are: phasmids inconspicuous and at base of GP7; and 8 or 9 GP. Phasmids
at anus level and ray-like; and 8 GP in the other subfamily. Otherwise with the features of the family.

Tribe Rhabpanini n. tribe *
Subtribe Rhabpaninii n. subtribe *
Genus Buetschlinema Sudhaus, 2011 (5 species)
Genus Rhabpanus Massey, 1971 (3 species)
Species poonchianus Shah & Vaid, 2017
Family Diploscapteridae Micoletzky, 1922 (Andrassy, 1983) (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 131 species) 284
Subfamily Diploscapterinae Micoletzky, 1922 (3 genera, 15 species)
Tribe Diploscapterini Micoletzky, 1922 *
Subtribe Diploscapterinii Micoletzky, 1922 *
Genus Carinoscapter Siddiqi, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Diploscapter Cobb, 1913 (14 species)
Species tantaculata (Carter, 1859) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Urolabes tentaculata Carter, 1859
Tribe Sclerorhabditini n. tribe 285
Subtribe Sclerorhabditinii n. subtribe *
Genus Sclerorhabditis Ahmad, Shah & Mahamood, 2007 (1 species)
Subfamily Protorhabditinae Dougherty, 1955 (4 genera, 116 species)
Tribe Protorhabditini Dougherty, 1955 *
Subtribe Protorhabditinii Dougherty, 1955 *
Genus Protorhabditis Osche in Dougherty, 1952 (18 species)
Species hortulana Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2016
Species parvus Shah & Vaid, 2017
Tribe Prodontorhabditini Timm, 1961 * 286
Subtribe Prodontorhabditinii Timm1961 *
Genus Prodontorhabditis Timm, 1961 (41 species)
Tribe Caenorhabditini n. tribe 287
Subtribe Caenorhabditinii n. subtribe *
Genus Caenorhabditis Osche, 1952 (56 species) 288
Species angaria Sudhaus, Kiontke & Giblin-Davis, 2011
Species becei Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch, Frezal,
Gosse, Kaur, Kiontke, Newton, Noble, Richaud, Rockman, Sudhaus
& Blaxter, 2019
Species chinkari Mondal & Manna, 2015
Species inopinata Kanzaki, Tsai, Tanaka, Hunt, Liu, Tsuyama, Maeda, Namai,
Kumagai, Tracey, Holroyd, Doyle, Woodruff, Muase, Kitazume,
Chai, Akagi, Panda, Ke, Schroeder, Wang, Berriman, Sternberg,
Sugimoto & Kikuchi, 2018
Species monodelphis Slos, Sudhaus, Stevens, Bert & Blaxter, 2017
Species oiwi Crombie, Zdradjevic, Cook, Tanny, Brady, Wang, Evans, Hahnel, Lee,
Rodriguez, Zhang, Van-Der-Zwagg, Kiontke & Andersen, 2019
Species panamensis Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch,
Frezal, Gosse, Kaur, Kiontke, Newton, Noble, Richaud,
Rockman, Sudhaus & Blaxter, 2019
Species parvicauda Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch,
284 Also proposed as a subfamily by Chitwood & Chitwood (1937), see Goodey (1963)..
285 Type genus is Sclerorhabditis Ahmad Shah & Mahamood 2007. Diagnostic feature is the structure of the cuticularized plates on the
anterior surface of the mouth (less elaborated in other tribes). This justifies a separate tribe. Otherwise with the features of the subfamily.
Shares the cuticularized plates on the anterior surface around the mouth with other members of the subfamily.
286 Originally created as a subfamily by Timm (1961).
287 Type genus is Caenorhabditis Osche 1952. Diagnostic features are: teeth absent in stoma; GP6 thickened; and GP5 & GP7 not dorsal.
Teeth absent or small; GP6 normal; and GP5 & GP7 not dorsal in other tribes. Otherwise with the features of the subfamily.
288 Excluding many species described by Felix et al. (2014).

Species pini Shah & Vaid, 2017
Species quiockensis Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch,
Species sinica Huang, Ren, Qiu & Zhao, 2014
syn sp.5 Kiontke, 2011
Species sulstoni Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch, Frezal,
Gosse, Kaur, Kiontke, Newton, Noble, Richaud, Rockman,
Sudhaus & Blaxter, 2019
Species tribulationis Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch,
Species tropicalis Felix, Braendle & Cutter, 2014
syn sp.11 Kiontke, 2011
Species uteleia Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch, Frezal,
Gosse, Kaur, Kiontke, Newton, Noble, Richaud, Rockman, Sudhaus
& Blaxter, 2019
Species vivipara Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch, Frezal,
Species waitukubuli Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch,
Species zanzibari Stevens, Felix, Beltran, Braendle, Caurcel, Fausett, Fitch, Frezal,
Genus Crustafila Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 289
Species confina Poinar, 2011
Family Rhabditidae Oerley, 1880 (7 subfamilies, 32 genera, 255 species)
Subfamily Rhabditinae Oerley, 1880 (Micoletzky, 1922) (7 genera, 80 species)
Tribe Rhabditini Oerley, 1880 *
Subtribe Rhabditinii Oerley, 1880 *
Genus Indorhabditis Chaturvedi & Khera, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Loffienema Shah, Allie, Vaid & Handoo, 2018 (1 species)
Species dhanoriensis Shah, Allie, Vaid & Handoo, 2018
Genus Psychodorhabditis Poinar, 2011 (6 species) 290
Species attenuatus Poinar, 2011
Species dominicanus Poinar, 2011
Genus Reiterina Sudhaus, 2011 (1 species)
Species typica (Stefanski1922) Sudhaus, 2011
Genus Rhabditis Dujardin, 1845 (27 species) 291
Species suklai Mondal & Manna, 2014
Tribe Pellioditini n. tribe 292
Subtribe Pellioditini n. subtribe *

290 Fossil, Dominican and Baltic amber.
291 Species number according to Sudhaus (2011).
292 Type genus is Pellioditis Dougherty 1955. Diagnostic features are: buccal cavity short and wide; and phasmids papilliform. Buccal
cavity long and narrow; and phasmids tuberculiform in other tribes. Otherwise with the features of the subfamily.

Genus Pellioditis Dougherty, 1955 (19 species)
Genus Phasmarhabditis Andrassy, 1976 (25 species) 293
Species apuliae Nermut, Puza & Mracek, 2016
Species bonaquaense Nermut, Puza, Mekete & Mracek, 2016
Species bohemica Nermut, Puza, Mekete & Mracek, 2017
Species californica Tandingan-De-Ley, Holovachov, McDonnell, Bert, Paine & De-
-Ley, 2016
Species huizhouensis Huang, Ye, Ren & Zhao, 2015
Species meridionalis Ivanova & Spiridonov, 2017
Species saficana Ross, Pieterse, Malan & Ivanova, 2018
Subfamily Odontorhabditinae Paramonov, 1964 * (8 genera, 45 species) 294,295
Tribe Odontorhabditini Paramonov, 1964 *
Subtribe Odontorhabditini Paramonov, 1964 *
Genus Cephaloboides Rahm, 1928 (Massey, 1974) (12 species) 296
Species anisospiculus Tahseen, Hussain, Ahlawat, Mustaqim & Khan, 2017
Species parapillosus (Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1951) Tahseen, Hussain, Ahlawat,
Mustaqim & Khan, 2017
syn Rhabditis parapillosus Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1951 (Tahseen, Hussain,
Ahlawat, Mustaqim & Khan, 2017)
Genus Curviditis Dougherty, 1953 (2 species)
Genus Flagicaudoides Khan, Singh & Baird, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Odontorhabditis Timm, 1959 (3 species)
Tribe Diploscapteroidini n. tribe 297
Subtribe Diploscapteroidinii n. subtribe *
Genus Colporhabditis Andrassy, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Diploscapteroides Rahm, 1928 (7 species)
Species persicus Ghaemi, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Pedram & Atighi, 2015
Tribe Rhabditellini n. tribe 298
Subtribe Rhabditellinii n. subtribe *
Genus Auanema Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz, Muller-Reichert, Chaudhuri
& Pires-Da-Silva, 2017 (10 species)
Species freiburgensis Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz, Muller-
Reichert, Chaudhuri & Pires-Da-Silva, 2017
Species reciproca (Sudhaus, 1974) Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz,
Muller-Reichert, Chaudhuri & Pires-Da-Silva, 2017
syn Rhabditis reciproca Sudhaus, 1974 (Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka,
Schwarz, Muller-Reichert, Chaudhuri & Pires-Da-Silva,
2017)
Species rhodensis Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz, Muller-Reichert,
Chaudhuri & Pires-Da-Silva, 2017
Species seurati (Maupas, 1916) Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz,
293 According to Ross et al. (2018).

294 The 3 genera Auanema, Cephaloboides, and Rhabditella were shown to form a distict clade by molecular and biological evidence by
Kanzaki et al. (2017), but no formal grouping was named, and sampling was sparse.
295 Created as a family by Andrassy (1983).
296 First used as a sug=bgenus of Rhabditis Rahm (1928). Full diagnosis by Sudhaus (1976). Species number according to Tahseen et
al. (2017).
297 Type genus is Diploscaperoides Rahm 1928. Diagnostic features are: all GP post cloacal; and tail sexually dimorphic—long conoid in
females and spike-like in males. Some GP pre cloacal; and tail not sexually dimorphic—either long conoid in both sexes or spike-like in both
sexes in other tribes. Otherwise with the features of the subfamily.
298 Type genus is Rhabditella Cobb 1929. Diagnostic features are: some GP pre cloacal; and tail not sexually dimorphic—long conoid in
both sexes. Either all GP post-cloacal or tail spike-like in both sexes in other tribes. Otherwise with the features of the subfamily.

syn Rhabditis seurati Maupas, 1916
Species viguieri (Maupas, 1900) Kanzaki, Kiontke, Tanaka, Hirooka, Schwarz,
syn Reiterina viguieri (Maupas, 1900) Sudhaus, 20110
syn Rhabditis viguieri Maupas, 1900
Genus Rhabditella Cobb, 1929 (10 species)
Subfamily Litoditinae n. subfam. (1 genus, 4 species) 299
Tribe Litoditini n. tribe *
Subtribe Litoditinii n. subtribe *
Genus Litoditis Sudhaus, 2011 (4 species)
Subfamily Oryctonematinae n. subfam. (5 genera, 110 species) 300
Tribe Oryctonematini n. tribe *
Subtribe Oryctonematinii n. subtribe *
Genus Metarhabditis Tahseen, Hussain, Tomar, Shah & Jairajpuri, 2004 (15 species)
Species giennensis Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2019
Species adenobia (Poinar, 1971) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Rhabditis adenobia Poinar, 1971
Species amsactae (Ali, Pervez, Andrabi, Sharma & Verma, 2011) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Oscheius amsactae Ali, Pervez, Andrabi, Sharma & Verma, 2011
syn Oscheius ciceri Shaheen, Ali & Asif, 2011
syn Oscheius hussaini Shaheen, Ali & Asif, 2011
syn Oscheius gingeri Pervez, Eapen, Devasahayan & Jacob, 2013
Species blumi (Sudhaus, 1974) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Rhabditis blumi Sudhaus, 1974
Species costai (Martins, 1985) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Rhabditis costai Martins, 1985
Species freitasi (Martins, 1985) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Rhabditis freitasi Martins, 1985
Species rainai (Carta & Osbrink, 2005) Sudhaus, 2011
syn Rhabditis rainai Carta & Osbrink, 2005
Genus Oryctonema Poinar, 1970 (23 species)
Tribe Oscheini n. tribe 301
Subtribe Oscheinii n. subtribe *
Genus Dolichorhabditis Andrassy, 1983 (10 species)
Genus Oscheius Andrassy, 1976 (58 species) 302
Species basothovii Lephoto & Gray, 2019
Species citri Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
299 Type genus is Litoditis Sudhaus 2011. Diagnostic features are: cheilostome normal; glottis present; strong median oesophageal bulb;
and weak terminal bulb. Cheilostome prominent; glottis absent; median bulb absent; and terminal bulb weak in other subfamilies. Otherwise
with the features of the family.
300 Type genus is Oryctonema Poinar 1970. Diagnostic features are: cheilostome normal; glottis absent; no median oesophageal bulb; and
weak terminal bulb. Cheilostome prominent; glottis present; median bulb present; and terminal bulb strong in other subfamilies. Otherwise
with the features of the family.
301 Type genus is Oscheius Andrassy 1976. Diagnostic feature is reflexed ovaries. Outstretched in other subfamilies. Otherwise with
the features of the family.
302 Divided into the Dolichura group and the Insectivora group (Sudhaus 2011). Species in the Dolichura group generally have a slender
body, peloderan bursa, inconspicuous posterior phasmids and spicules with straight tip (no distal hook), while species in the Insectivora group
generally have a wide body with 4 to 6 incisures in the lateral fields, pseudopeloderan/leptoderan bursa, more conspicuous phasmids posterior
to the last genital papillae and needle-like spicules with distal hooks (Kumar et al. 2019). Species identification of the genus is very challeng-
ing since morphological characters are very similar. Of the valid species, 32 belong to the Insectivora group and 15 to the Dolichura group
(Tabassum et al. 2016), plus more recently described species.

Species cobbii Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
Species cynodonti Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
Species esculentus Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
Species indicus Kumar, Jamal, Somvanshi, Chauhan & Mumtaz, 2019
Species karachiensis Nasir & Tabassum, 2018
Species microvilli Zhou, Yang, Wang, Bao, Wang, Hou, Lin, Yedid & Zhang, 2017
Species onirici Torrini, Mazza, Carletti, Benvenuti, Roversi, Fanelli, De-Luca,
Troccoli & Tarasco, 2015
Species punctata Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
Species saccahari Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira & Erum, 2016
Genus Tipulacomis Poinar, 2011 (4 species) 303
Subfamily Pararhabditinae n. subfam. (6 genera, 8 species) 304
Tribe Pararhabditini n. tribe *
Subtribe Pararhabditini n. subtribe *
Genus Eudronema Remillet & Van-Waerebeke, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Himatidiophila Rahm, 1924 (1 species)
Genus Matthesonema Osche, 1955 (2 species)
Subgenus Caudpilla Sudhaus, 1986 (1 species)
Subgenus Matthesonema Osche, 1955 (1 species)
Genus Neorhabditis Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Pararhabditis Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (1 species) 305
Genus Xylorhabditis Sudhaus, 1976 (Andrassy, 1983) (2 species) 306
Subfamily Rhabditonematidae Andrassy, 1976 (3 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Rhabditonematini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Rhabditonematinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Rhabditonema Koerner, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Saprorhabditis Khera, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Stegorhabditis Shah, Hussain, Vaid & Ahmad, 2015 (1 species)
Subfamily Stomachorhabditinae Andrassy, 1970 (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Stomachorhabditini Andrassy, 1970 *
Subtribe Stomachorhabditinii Andrassy, 1970 *
Genus Stomachorhabditis Andrassy, 1970 (4 species)
Genus Termirhabditis Massey, 1971 (1 species)
303 Fossil, Dominican and Baltic amber.

304 Type genus is Pararhabditis Baylis & Daubney 1926. Diagnostic features are: prominent cheilostome; glottis present; no median oe-
sophageal bulb; and terminal bulb moderately-developed. Cheilostome normal; glottis absent; median bulb present; and terminal bulb either
absent or strong in other subfamilies. Otherwise with the features of the family. Poorly characterised subfamily. Not named after the oldest
named genus because Himatidiophila Rahm, 1924 is very poorly characterised.
305 Nomen novum for Pseudorhabditis Szüts 1912, preoccupied by Pseudorhabditis Perroncito 1880.
306 First proposed as a subgenus of Rhabditis, raised to genus by Andrassy (1983).

Superfamily Strongyloidea Baird, 1853 (Railliet & Henry, 1913) (4 families, 17 subfamilies, 458 genera, 3318
species) 307 308
Family Strongylidae Baird, 1853 (4 subfamilies, 10 tribes, 22 subtribes, 115 genera, 1126 species)
Subfamily Deletrocephalinae Railliet & Henry, 1916 (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 2 genera, 3 species) 309
Tribe Deletrocephalini Railliet & Henry, 1916 * (1 subtribe, 2 genera, 3 species)
Subtribe Deletrocephalinii Railliet & Henry, 1916 * (2 genera, 3 species)
Genus Deletrocephalus Diesing, 1851 (2 species)
Genus Paradeletrocephalus Freitas & Lent, 1947 (1 species)
Subfamily Strongylinae Baird, 1853 (Railliet, 1885) (2 tribes, 7 subtribes, 44 genera, 269 species)
Tribe Strongylini Baird, 1853 (Dvoinos, 1982) (1 subtribe, 22 genera, 53 species) 310
Subtribe Strongylinii Baird, 1853 * (22 genera, 53 species)
Genus Bidentostomum Tshoijo, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Borania Ricci, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Chabertiella Tadros, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Choniangium Railliet, Henry & Bauche, 1914 (3 species)
Genus Codiostomum Railliet & Henry, 1911 (1 species)
Genus Craterostomum Boulenger, 1920 (2 species)
Genus Crycophorus Chaves, 1930 (1 species)
Genus Decrusia Lane, 1914 (1 species)
Genus Dicerocola Round, 1962 (1 species)
Genus Equinurbia Lane, 1914 (1 species)
Genus Javellia Ricci, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Maplestonema Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Oesophagodontus Railliet & Henry, 1902 (1 species)
Genus Paradoxostrongylus Ozdikmen, 2010 nom nov. pro Parastrongylus Yin, Jiang &
Kung, 1986 nec Parastrongylus Baylis, 1928
(Metastrongylidae) (1 species)
Genus Parapoteriostomum Hartwich, 1986 (7 species)
307 There is little doubt that Strongyloidea are phylogenetically derived from an ancestor classified as Rhabditina. However, there has been
extensive radiation within the group leading to a very large number of species and lineages, and hence taxa of a number of different ranks. The
result has been classifications with ranks extending as high as Order level (Strongylida) to accommodate this substantial diversity (Durette-
Desset & Chabaud 1993, Durette-Desset et al. 2017). Others have accommodated the diversity within lower taxonomic ranks, such as within
a superfamily (Gibbons 2010). Within these different classification schemes various sub-groups have been defined, and although there is some
disagreement over the ranks of these taxa, there is broad agreement among taxonomists working on the group of a considerable hierarchy of
names within a classification including a substantial number of ranks. There is, however, an issue with fitting this classification within that
of the broader scheme of Phylum Nematoda because those studying the group are, by and large, different to those studying the larger group
from which they evolved, the Rhabditina. Strongyles are internal parasites of vertebrates (“helminths”) studied by different methods and with
mostly different taxonomically-informative attributes to their presumed progentors the rhabditids, many of which are free living. The result
is a serious mis-match of ranks in the respective classifications such that the accepted evolution of the various groups is not reflected in the
taxon ranks afforded groups in the different schemes. For example, the Order Strongylida is a clade within suborder Rhabditina. As raising
the rank of Rhabditina to ensure that the classification reflects evolution would result in changes to many other accepted higher taxonomic
names in a substantial portion of the Phylum, the ranks of many helminths is lower than in many of the classifications proposed for them in
the absence of the wider context of Phylum Nematoda as a whole. There is no satisfactory resolution to this issue other than a classification
eschewing ranks altogether to accommodate the large diversity of nematodes. Although such schemes have been proposed (Sudhaus 2011),
there is still debate over their utility and how they should operate, and so a more traditional approach using taxonomic ranks to indicate the
size and inclusivity of the various clades within Nematoda has been adopted. Because other than nominotypical tribes and subtribe ranks are
used within Strongyloidea to accommodate and reflect the clades identified within the superfamily but are not so used in other superfamilies,
the counts within Strongyloidea only include the ranks of tribes and subtribes.
308 The authorities of supra-generic taxa in this group have been discussed extensively (Dougherty 1944).
309 Originally created as tribe Deletrocephalinea by Railliet & Henry (1912), and also raised to family Deletrocephalidae by M.B. Chitwood
(1969).
310 First used as a subfamily by Railliet (1885).

Genus Rhinocerotonema Jiang, Yin & Kung, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Skladnikia Ricci, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Strongylus Mueller, 1780 (14 species)
Genus Triodontophorus Looss, 1902 (9 species)
Genus Tziminema Giuris-Andrade, Oceguera-Figueroa, Osorio-Sarabia, Perez-Escobar,
Nieto-Lopez, Rojas-Hernandez & Garcia-Preito, 2018 (1 species)
Species unachi Giuris-Andrade, Oceguera-Figueroa, Osorio-Sarabia, Perez-
Escobar, Nieto-Lopez, Rojas-Hernandez & Garcia-Preito, 2018
Genus Wuia Kung, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Zebrincola Ricci, 1939 (3 species)
Tribe Cyathostomini Nicoll, 1927 (Lichtenfels, 1980) (6 subtribes, 22 genera, 216 species) 311
Subtribe Cyathostominii Nicoll, 1927 * (13 genera, 99 species) 312
Genus Alocostoma Mawson, 1979 (2 species)
Genus Caballonema Abuladze, 1937 (1 species)
Genus Coronocyclus Hartwich, 1986 (6 species)
Genus Cyathostomum Molin, 1861 (32 species)
Genus Cylicocyclus Ihle, 1922 (18 species)
Genus Cylicodontophorus Ihle, 1922 (8 species)
Genus Cylicostephanus Ihle, 1922 (15 species)
Genus Cylindropharynx Leiper, 1911 (7 species)
Genus Gyalocephalus Looss, 1900 (1 species) 313
Genus Hsiungia Kung & Yang, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Petrovinema Ershov, 1943 (2 species)
Genus Poteriostomum Quiel, 1919 (3 species)
Genus Tridentoinfundibulum Tshoijo in Popova, 1958 (3 species)
Subtribe Eucyathosominii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (1 genus, 6 species) 314
Genus Eucyathostomum Molin, 1861 (6 species)
Subtribe Kiluluminii Lichtenfels, 1980 (1 genus, 15 species) 315
Genus Kiluluma Skryabin, 1916 (15 species)
Species ceratotherii Beveridge & Jabbar, 2013
Species ornata Beveridge, 2018
Subtribe Murshidiinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (3 genera, 53 genera) 316
Genus Khalilia Neveu-Lemaire, 1924 (4 species)
Genus Murshidia Lane, 1914 (30 species)
Subgenus Chabaudia Campana-Rouget, 1959 (1 species)
Subgenus Murshidia Lane, 1914 (28 species) 317
Subgenus Pterygopharynx Lane, 1921 (1 species) 318
Genus Neomurshidia Chabaud, 1957 (19 species)
Subtribe Quiloniinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (2 genera, 38 species) 319
Genus Quilonia Lane, 1914 (17 species)
Genus Theileriana Moennig, 1924 (21 species)
311 Originally created as subfamily Cyathostominae by Nicoll (1927), and explicitly used as Tribe Cyathostominea by Lichtenfels (1980).
312 Originally created as tribe Cyathostominea by Lichtenfels (1980).
313 Placed here rather than in subfamily Gyalocephalinae Dvoinos 1982 or tribe Gyanocephalini Popova 1952 following Lichtenfels (2008)
placemant in Cyathostominae.
314 Originally created as tribe Eucyathostominea by Lichtenfels (1980).
315 Originally created as tribe Kiluluminea by Lichtenfels (1980).
316 Originally created as tribe Murshidiinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
317 Originally a genus, changed in rank by Chabaud (1957).
318 Originally a genus, changed in rank by Chabaud (1957).
319 Originally created as tribe Quiloniinea by Lichtenfels (1980).

Subtribe Suricolinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (2 genera, 5 species) 320
Genus Chapiniella Yamaguti, 1961 (4 species)
Genus Sauricola Chapin, 1924 (1 species)
Subfamily Syngaminae Leiper, 1912 (Baylis & Daubney, 1926) (3 tribes, 3 subtribes, 7 genera, 77
species) 321
Tribe Archaeostrongylini Chabaud, 1958 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 19 species) 322
Subtribe Archaeostrongylinii Chabaud, 1958 * (1 genus, 19 species)
Genus Archeostrongylus Biocca & Ferretti, 1958 (19 species)
Tribe Stephanurini Railliet, Henry & Bauce, 1919 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 19 species) 323
Subtribe Stephanurinii Railliet, Henry & Bauce, 1919 * (1 genus, 19 species)
Genus Stephanurus Diesing, 1839 (19 species)
Tribe Syngamini Leiper, 1912 * (1 subtribe, 5 genera, 39 species) 324
Subtribe Syngaminii Leiper, 1912 * (5 genera, 39 species)
Genus Boydinema Barus & Tenora, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Cyathostoma E. Blanchard, 1849 (18 species)
Subgenus Cyathostoma E. Blanchard, 1849 (12 species)
Subgenus Hovorkonema Turemuratov, 1963 (5 species)
Species americana Chapin, 1925
Species variegatum (Creplin, 1849) Chapin, 1925 325
Subgenus Ryzhikovistoma Ali, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Mammomonogamus Ryjikov, 1948 (6 species)
Genus Rodentogamus Sadovskaja, 1950 (1 species)
Genus Syngamus Siebold, 1836 (13 species)
Subfamily Chabertiinae Popova, 1952 (4 tribes, 11 subtribes, 62 genera, 777 species) 326
Tribe Chabertiini Popova, 1952 * (1 subtribe, 15 genera, 80 species) 327
Subtribe Chabertinii Popova, 1952 * (15 genera, 80 species)
Genus Agriostomum Railliet, 1902 (5 species)
Genus Castorstrongylus Chapin, 1925 (1 species)
Genus Chabertia Railliet & Henry, 1909 (7 species)
Species erschowi Xiong & Kong, 1956 328
Genus Colobostrongylus Sandground, 1929 (2 species)
Genus Cyclodontostomum Adams, 1933 (3 species)
Species purvisi Adams, 1933
Genus Neorhabditostomum Gibbons & Kan, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Okapistrongylus Berghe, 1937 (1 species)
Genus Paralabiostrongylus Small, 1982 (5 species)
Species rajampatensis Purwaningsih & Smales, 2014
Species tuberis Purwaninsih & Smales, 2018
Genus Pharyngostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (18 species)
Species patriciae Sukee, Beveridge & Jabbar, 2018
Species thylogale Chilton, Huby-Chilton, Gasser, Koehler & Beveridge, 2016
320 Originally created as tribe Sauricolinea by Lichtenfels (1980).

321 Originally created as family Syngamidae by Leiper (1912). First used explicitly as subfamily by Baylis & Daubney (1926).
322 Originally created as subfamily Archaeostrongylinae by Chabaud (1958).
323 Originally created as subfamily Stephanurinae by Railliet Henry & Bauche (1919), and as Order? Stephanurida by Molin (1861).
324 Originally created as Syngameae by Railliet & Henry (1909) and as family Syngamidae by Leiper (1912), and as subfamily Syngaminae
by Baylis & Daubney (1926).
325 Reinstated from synonymy by Kanarek et al. (2016).
326 Also used at family rank by Lichtenfels (1980).
327 Originally created as subfamily Chabertiinae by Popova in Skryabin et al. (1952), and as family by Lichtenfels (1980). See footnote
329.
328 Chabertia ersowi is a distinct species on the basis of molecular evidence (Liu et al. 2014).

Genus Ransomus Hall, 1916 (2 species)
Genus Schulzinema Krastin, 1937 (1 species)
Genus Ternidens Railliet & Henry, 1909 (1 species)
Genus Tethystrongylus Beveridge, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Thallostonema Beveridge, 1983 (6 species)
Genus Wallabinema Beveridge, 1983 (26 species)
Tribe Cloacinini Stossich, 1899 (Lichtenfels, 1980) (4 subtribes, 31 genera, 423 species) 329
Subtribe Cloacininii Stossich, 1899 * (11 genera, 177 species) 330
Genus Arundelia Mawson, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Beveridgea Mawson, 1980 (5 species)
Genus Cassunema Beveridge & Johnson, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Cervonemella Beveridge, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Cloacina Linstow, 1898 (159 species)
Species assymetrica Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species atthis Beveridge, Hanh, Nyein, Cheng, Koehler, Shuttleworth, Gasser &
Jabbar, 2014
Species biscoei Beveridge, 2014
Species brazellei Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species crassicaudata Beveridge, Jex, Tan & Jabbar, 2018
Species ens Beveridge, 2018
Species harriganae Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species hobbsi Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species hylas Beveridge, 2019
Species idas Beveridge, 2019
Species johnstoni Shuttleworth, Jabbar & Beveridge, 2016
Species longibursata Beveridge, Jex, Tan & Jabbar, 2018
Species middletoni Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species ridei Beveridge, 2014
Species schultzi Beveridge, 2019
Species spearei Beveridge, Jex, Tan & Jabbar, 2018
Species woodi Beveridge, Jabbar & Koehler, 2019
Species xericola Beveridge, 2018
Species zetes Beveridge, 2019
Genus Corollonema Beveridge & Chilton, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Dorcopsistrongylus Smales, 1982 (3 species)
Species supriyatnai Purwaninsih, Dewi & Smales, 2019
Genus Foliostoma Beveridge & Johnson, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Mbaisonema Beveridge, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Monilonema Beveridge & Johnson, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Rugonema Beveridge, 1999 (3 species)
Subtribe Macropostrongylinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (7 genera, 39 species) 331
Genus Coronostrongylus Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (9 species)
Species hasegawai Purwaningsih, Dewi & Smales, 2019
Genus Macroponema Mawson, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Macropostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (6 species)
Genus Papillostrongylus Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (2 species)
Genus Popovastrongylus Mawson, 1977 (7 species)
Genus Thylonema Beveridge, 1981 (5 species)
Genus Trigonostonema Beveridge, 1981 (8 species)
329 Originally created as subfamily Cloacininae by Stossich (1899) and as family by Lichtenfels (1980).
330 Originally created as subfamily Cloacininae by Stossich (1899), and tribe Cloacininea by Lichtenfels (1980).
331 Originally created as tribe Macropostrongylinea by Lichtenfels (1980).

Subtribe Pharyngostrongylinii Popova, 1952 (5 genera, 43 species) 332
Genus Cyclostrongylus Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (10 species)
Genus Pararugopharynx Magzoub, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Rugopharynx Moennig, 1926 (22 species)
Genus Spirostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (1 species)
Genus Woodwardostrongylus Wahid, 1964 (9 species)
Subtribe Zoniolaiminii Popova, 1952 * (8 genera, 164 species) 333
Genus Dorcopsinema Mawson, 1977 (10 species)
Species amplum Purwaninsih & Smales, 2018
Species longispicularis Purwaningsih & Smales, 2014
Species supriyatnai Purwaningsih, Dewi & Smales, 2019
Genus Labiostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (42 species)
Subgenus Labiomultiplex Smales, 1994 (6 species)
Subgenus Labiosimplex Smales, 1994 (25 species)
Subgenus Labiostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (11 species)
Genus Parapharyngostrongylus Beveridge, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Parazoniolaimus Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Potorostrongylus Johnston & Mawson, 1939 (5 species)
Genus Rugostrongylus Beveridge, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Thylostrongylus Beveridge, 1982 (3 species)
Genus Zoniolaimus Cobb, 1898 (101 species)
Tribe Oesophagostomini Lichtenfels, 1980 * (3 subtribes, 10 genera, 196 species) 334
Subtribe Bourgelatiinii Lichtenfels, 1980 (5 genera, 56 species) 335)
Genus Bourgelatia Railliet, Henry & Bauche, 1919 (1 species)
Genus Kuntzistrongylus Lichtenfels, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Lemurostrongylus Chabaud, Brygoo & Petter, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Phacochoerostrongylus Schwartz, 1928 (2 species)
Genus Trachypharynx Leiper, 1911 (51 species)
Subtribe Bourgelatioidinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (2 genera, 49 species) 336
Genus Bourgelatioides Chandler, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Rhabditostomum Chabaud & Krishnasamy, 1976 (48 species)
Subtribe Oesophagostominii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (3 genera, 91 species) 337
Genus Daubneyia Le-Roux, 1940 (7 species)
Genus Oesophagostomum Molin, 1861 (47 species)
Subgenus Bosicola Sandground, 1929 (1 species)
Subgenus Conoweberia Ihle, 1922 (7 species)
Species mandiensis Rakesh, Somesh & Kalia, 2017
Subgenus Hysteracrum Railliet & Henry, 1913 (4 species)
Subgenus Ihlea Travassos & Vogelsang, 1932 (1 species)
Subgenus Lerouxiella Chabaud & Durette-Desset, 1973 (1 species)
Subgenus Oesophagostomum Molin, 1861 (31 species)
Species rafiae Gul-E-Lala, Khatoon, Khan & Naqvi, 2019
332 Cited by Popova (1958) as being originally named by Popova in 1952 as Pharyngostrongylinea, but no reference cited. The citation
is to a part of Skryabin et al. (1952), but there is no clear indication of the authorship of the various groups within the publication other than
references such as this, so it is not possible to cite who prepared which sections.
333 Originally created as family Zoniolaiminidae, probably by Popova in Skryabin et al. (1952): see footnote above. The authorship of the
family is generally cited as being by Popova (Lichtenfels 1980). Tribe Zoniolaiminea by Lichtenfels (1980).
334 Originally created as subfamily Oesophagostominae by Lichtenfels (1980).
335 Originally created as tribe Bourgelatiinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
336 Originally created as tribe Bourgelatioidinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
337 Originally created as tribe Oesophagostominea by Lichtenfels (1980).

Subgenus Proteracrum Railliet & Henry, 1913 (1 species)
Subgenus Pukuia Le-Roux, 1940 (1 species)
Genus Oesophagostomoides Schwartz, 1928 (37 species)
Tribe Phascolostrongylini Lichtenfels, 1980 (Beveridge, 1987) (3 subtribes, 6 genera,
78 species) 338
Subtribe Phascolostrongylinii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (1 genus, 33 species)
Genus Phascolostrongylus Canavan, 1931 (33 species)
Subtribe Hypodontinii Beveridge, 1987 * (3 genera, 37 species) 339
Genus Corollostrongylus Beveridge, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Hypodontus Moennig, 1929 (3 species) 340
Genus Macropicola Mawson, 1978 (33 species)
Subtribe Macropostrongyloidinii Beveridge, 1987 (2 genera, 8 species) 341
Genus Macropostrongyloides Yamaguti, 1961 (5 species)
Genus Paramacropostrongylus Johnston & Mawson, 1940 (3 species)
Family Ancylostomatidae Looss, 1905 (Looss, 1911) (2 subfamilies, 3 tribes, 7 subtribes, 21 genera, 255
species) 342
Subfamily Ancylostomatinae Looss, 1905 (2 tribes, 6 subtribes, 18 genera, 211 species)
Tribe Ancylostomatini Looss, 1905 (Lichtenfels, 1980) (4 subtribes, 8 genera, 138 species)
Subtribe Ancylostomatinii Looss, 1905 * (2 genera, 55 species) 343
Genus Ancylostoma Dubini, 1843 (32 species)
Subgenus Afrancylostoma Biocca & Le-Roux, 1958 (1 species)
Subgenus Amerancylostoma Biocca & Le-Roux, 1958 (1 species)
Subgenus Ancylostoma Dubini, 1843 (29 species)
Species ailuropodae Xie, Hoberg, Yang, Urban & Yang, 2017
Species ctenomyos Drabik & Gardner, 2019
Subgenus Ceylancylostoma Lane, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Galoncus Railliet, 1918 (23 species)
Subtribe Arthrocephalinii Schmidt & Kuntz, 1968 * (3 genera, 28 species) 344
Genus Arthrocephalus Ortlepp, 1925 (1 species)
Genus Arthrostoma Cameron, 1927 (5 species)
Genus Placoconus Webster, 1956 (22 species)
Subtribe Globocephalinii Travassos & Vogelsang, 1932 * (1 genus, 33 species) 345
Genus Globocephalus Molin, 1861 (33 species)
Subtribe Uncinariinii Stiles, 1903 * (2 genera, 22 species) 346
Genus Bioccastrongylus Chabaud & Petter, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Uncinaria Froelich, 1789 (21 species)
Subgenus Megadeirides Chabaud, Bain & Houin, 1966 (1 species)
Subgenus Uncinaria Froelich, 1789 (20 species)
Species lyonsi Kuzmina & Kuzmin, 2015
Species sanguinis Marcus, Higgins, Slapeta & Gray, 2014
Tribe Bunostomini Railliet & Henry, 1909 (2 subtribes, 10 genera, 73 species) 347
338 Originally created as a subfamily by Lichtenfels (1980).

339 Originally created as a tribe by Beveridge (1987).
340 Including cryptic species identified by Jabbar et al. (2013).
341 Originally created as a tribe by Beveridge (1987).
342 Created as a subfamily by Looss (1905).
343 Originally created as subfamily Ancylostomatinae by Looss (1905), and tribe Ancylostomatinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
344 Originally created as subfamily Arthrocephalinae by Schmidt & Kuntz (1968), and tribe Arthrocephalinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
345 Originally created as subfamily Globocephalinae by Travassos & Vogelsang (1932), and tribe Globocephalinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
346 Originally created as subfamily Uncinariinae by Stiles (1903), and tribe Uncinariinea by Lichtenfels (1980).
347 Raised to Subfamily by Looss (1911).

Subtribe Acheilostominii Lichtenfels, 1980 * (2 genera, 45 species) 348
Genus Acheilostoma Leiper, 1911 (3 species)
Genus Tetragomphius Baylis & Daubney, 1923 (42 species)
Subtribe Bunostominii Railliet & Henry, 1909 * (8 genera, 28 species) 349
Genus Bathmostomum Railliet & Henry, 1909 (1 species)
Genus Brachyclonus Railliet & Henry, 1910 (1 species)
Genus Bunostomum Railliet, 1902 (8 species)
Genus Cameronecator Lichtenfels, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Gaigeria Railliet & Henry, 1910 (1 species)
Genus Grammocephalus Railliet & Henry, 1910 (3 species)
Genus Monodontus Molin, 1861 (9 species)
Genus Necator Stiles, 1903 (4 species)
Subfamily Diaphanocephalinae Travassos, 1920 * (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 3 genera, 44 species) 350
Tribe Diaphanocephalini Travassos, 1920 * (1 subtribe, 3 genera, 44 species)
Subtribe Diaphanocephalinii Travassos, 1920 * (1 subtribe, 3 genera, 44 species)
Genus Cylicostrongylus Yamaguti, 1961 (3 species)
Genus Diaphanocephalus Diesing, 1851 (1 species)
Genus Kalicephalus Molin, 1861 (40 species)
Subgenus Inermiformis Schad, 1962 (2 species)
Subgenus Kalicephaloides Yeh, 1956 (1 species)
Subgenus Kalicephalus Molin, 1861 (33 species)
Subgenus Occipitodontus Ortlepp, 1923 (1 species)
Subgenus Rectiphiloides Schad, 1962 (2 species)
Subgenus Variabiliformis Schad, 1962 (1 species)
Family Metastrongylidae Molin, 1861 (8 subfamilies, 10 tribes, 10 subtribes, 65 genera, 311 species) 351
Subfamily Angiostrongylinae Boehm & Gebauer, 1934 (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 23 genera, 85 species) 352
Tribe Angiostrongylini Boehm & Gebauer, 1934 * (1 subtribe, 23 genera, 85 species)
Subtribe Angiostrongylinii Boehm & Gebauer, 1934 * (23 genera, 85 species)
Genus Aelurostrongylus Cameron, 1927 (6 species)
Subgenus Aelurostrongylus Cameron, 1927 (4 species)
Subgenus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1933 (2 species)
Genus Andersonstrongylus Webster, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Angiostrongylus Kamensky, 1905 (24 species) 353
Genus Antechinostrongylus Spratt, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Cercogylus Petter & Brochier, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Cosmostrongylus Spratt, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Didelphostrongylus Prestwood, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Filostrongylus Mackerras, 1955 (2 species)
Genus Gallegostrongylus Mas-Coma, 1978 (4 species) 354
Genus Gurltia Wolffhügel, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Heterostrongylus Travassos, 1925 (1 species)
Genus Madafilaroides Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 (1 species)
348 Originally created as tribe Acheilostominea by Lichtenfels (1980).

349 Originally created as tribe Bunostominea by Railliet & Henry (1909).
350 Created as a family by Travassos (1920).
351 Created as a subfamily with the current spelling by Leiper (1908), but already defined earlier as family “Metastrongylida” by Molin
(1861). Superfamily Metastrongyloidea defined by Lane (1917). For full history, see Cowie (2019)..
352 Raised to family by Anderson (1978).
353 Classification follows Cowie (2019), which does not recognize the type subgenus Angiostrongylus Kamensky 1905 or Parastrongylus
Baylis 1928. Census includes 3 species regarded as probably valid by Cowie (2019), 1 of which is of uncertain genus placement, and 2 of
which have proposed type specimens recorded and in a recognized collection but currently lack published descriptions.
354 Classification follows Cowie (2019).

Genus Madangiostrongylus Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Malayometastrongylus Gibbons & Krishnasamy, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Marsupostrongylus Mackerras & Sandars, 1933 (11 species)
Genus Procyonostrongylus Anderson, Prestwood & Strelive, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Pulmostrongylus Hsu, 1935 (3 species)
Genus Rodentocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass, 1938 (1 species) 355
Genus Sobolevingylus Romanov, 1952 (3 species)
Genus Stefanskostrongylus Drozdz, 1970 (10 species) 356
Genus Thaistrongylus Ohbayashi, Kamiya & Bhaibulaya, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Trilobostrongylus Anderson, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Viverrostrongylus Asakawa, Ohbayashi & Ow-Yang, 1986 (1 species)
Subfamily Crenosomatinae Schulz, 1951 (Popova, 1952) (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 6 genera, 28 species) 357
Tribe Crenosomatini Schulz, 1951 * (1 subtribe, 6 genera, 28 species)
Subtribe Crenosomatinii Schulz, 1951 * (6 genera, 28 species)
Genus Crenosoma Molin, 1861 (16 species)
Genus Molinofilaria Vuylstëke, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Otostrongylus De-Bruyn, 1933 (2 species)
Genus Paracrenosoma Yun & Kontrimavichus, 1963 (4 species)
Genus Prestwoodia Anderson, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Troglostrongylus Vevers, 1923 (4 species)
Subfamily Dictyocaulinae Skryabin, 1933 * (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 3 genera, 18 species) 358 359
Tribe Dictyocaulini Skryabin, 1933 * (1 subtribe, 3 genera, 18 species)
Subtribe Dictyocaulinii Skryabin, 1933 * (3 genera, 18 species)
Genus Bronchonema Monnig, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Cardiostrongylus Sakamoto & Malgor, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Dictyocaulus Railliet & Henry, 1907 (16 species)
Species cervi Pyziel, Laskowski, Demiaszkiewicz & Hoglund, 2017
Subfamily Filaroidinae Schulz, 1951 (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 6 genera, 35 species)
Tribe Filaroidini Schulz, 1951 * (1 subtribe, 6 genera, 35 species)
Subtribe Filaroidinii Schulz, 1951 * (6 genera, 35 species)
Genus Chabaudistrongylus Kontrimavichus & Delyamure, 1979 (3 species)
Genus Filariopsis Van-Thiel, 1926 (4 species)
Genus Filaroides Van-Beneden, 1858 (13 species)
Genus Oslerus Hall, 1921 (2 species)
Subgenus Anafilaroides Gericher, 1948 (1 species) 360
Subgenus Oslerus Hall, 1921 (1 species)
Genus Parafilaroides Dougherty, 1946 (11 species)
Genus Rauschivingylus Kontrimavichus & Delyamure, 1979 (2 species)
Subfamily Metastrongylinae Molin, 1861 (Leiper, 1908) (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 4 genera, 11 species) 361
Tribe Metastrongylini Molin, 1861 * (1 subtribe, 4 genera, 11 species)
Subtribe Metastrongylinii Molin, 1861 * (4 genera, 11 species)
Genus Mariostrongylus Teixeira-De-Freitas & Franco, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Metastrongylus Molin, 1861 (7 species)
Genus Micronematodum Castelli, 1926 (1 species)

357 Originally created as a family by Schulz (1951).
358 Created as a family by Skryabin (1941).
359 Generally placed in the clade that is herein termed Trichstrongylidae (Durette-Desset & Chabaud 1981), but recent molecular evidence
suggests affinities with the clade herein termed Metastrongylida (Beveridge pers. comm., on the basis of work by Neil Chilton).
360 Originally as genus, first used as subgenus by Anderson (1978).
361 Created as a subfamily by Leiper (1908) in ignorance of Molin’s earlier (1861) designation as family “Metastrongylida”.

Genus Posthalocercus Delyamure in Skryabin, 1942 (2 species)
Subfamily Protostrongylinae Leiper, 1926 * (1 tribe, 1 subtribe,15 genera, 81 species) 362
Tribe Protostrongylini Leiper, 1926 * (1 subtribe, 15 genera, 81 species) 363
Subtribe Protostrongylinii Leiper, 1926 * (15 genera, 81 species)
Genus Cystocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass, 1933 (4 species)
Genus Dukerostrongylus Dinnik & Boev, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Elaphostrongylus Cameron, 1931 (5 species)
Genus Imparispiculus Luo, Jianzhong, Duo, Jiecaidan & Chen-Gan, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Muellerius Cameron, 1927 (3 species)
Genus Neostrongylus Gebauer, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Orthostrongylus Dougherty & Goble, 1946 (1 species)
Genus Parelaphostrongylus Boev & Schulz, 1950 (3 species)
Genus Pneumocaulus Schulz & Andreeva, 1948 (1 species)
Genus Pneumostrongylus Moennig, 1932 (3 species)
Genus Protostrongylus Kamensky, 1905 (37 species)
Subgenus Davtianostrongylus Boev, 1950 (2 species)
Subgenus Kochostrongylus Shultz & Boev in Skryabin, 1952 (2 species)
Subgenus Protostrongylus Kamensky, 1905 (19 species)
Subgenus Pulmostrongyles Boev, 1984 (14 species)
Genus Skrjabinocaulus Boev & Sulimov, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Spiculocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass, 1933 (4 species)
Genus Umingmakstrongylus Hoberg, Polley, Gunn & Nishi, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Varestrongylus Bhalerao, 1932 (14 species)
Species alces Demidova & Naumitscheva, 1953 364
Species eleguneniensis Verocai, Kutz, Simard & Hoberg, 2015
Subfamily Pseudaliinae Railliet & Henry, 1909 (3 tribes, 3 subtribes, 7 genera, 46 species) 365
Tribe Halocercini Delyamure, 1951 * (1 subtribe, 2 genera, 17 species) 366
Subtribe Halocercinii Delyamure, 1951 * (2 genera, 17 species)
Genus Halocercus Baylis & Daubney, 1925 (14 species)
Genus Skrjabinalius Delyamure, 1942 (3 species)
Tribe Pseudaliini Railliet & Henry, 1909 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subtribe Pseudaliinii Railliet & Henry, 1909 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Genus Pseudalius Dujardin, 1845 (3 species)
Tribe Stenurini Skryabin, 1942 * (1 subtribe, 4 genera, 26 species) 367
Subtribe Stenurinii Skryabin, 1942 * (4 genera, 26 species)
Genus Pharurus R. Leuckart, 1848 (10 species)
Species cf dalli Colon-Llavina, Mattiucci, Nascetti, Harvey, Williams & Mignucci-
Giannoni, 2019
Genus Stenuroides Gerichter, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Stenurus Dujardin, 1845 (13 species)
Species cf minor Colon-Llavina, Mattiucci, Nascetti, Harvey, Williams & Mignucci-
Giannoni, 2019
Genus Torynurus Baylis & Daubney, 1925 (2 species)
362 Originally created as a family by Leiper (1926).

363 6 subfamilies were recognised inProtostrongylidae by Boev (1975), here corresponding to tribes, but they were not recognized by either
Anderson (1978) or Gibbons (2010).
364 Varestrongylus alces is distinct on molecular and morphological evidence from V. capreoli (Verocai Hoberg Vikoren Handeland Ytrehus
Rezansoff Davidson Gilleard & Kutz, 2014).
365 Also family Pseudaliidae Railliet (1916).
366 Originally proposed as subfamily by Delamure (1951).
367 Originally proposed as subfamily by Skryabin (1942).

Subfamily Skrjabingylinae Skryabin, 1933 * (1 tribe, 1 subtribe, 1 genus, 7 species) 368
Tribe Skrjabingylini Skryabin, 1933 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 7 species)
Subtribe Skrjabingylinii Skryabin, 1933 * (1 genus, 7 species)
Genus Skrjabingylus Petrov, 1927 (7 species)
Family Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1908 (Leiper, 1912) (3 subfamilies, 15 tribes, 33 subtribes, 257 genera,
1626 species) 369 370 371
Subfamily Trichostrongylinae Leiper, 1908 (3 tribes, 8 subtribes, 56 genera, 428 species)
Tribe Cooperiini Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 (3 subtribes, 20 genera, 94 species) 372
Subtribe Cooperiinii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (10 genera, 60 species)
Genus Chabaudstrongylus Durette-Desset & Denke, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Cooperia Ransom, 1907 (33 species)
Genus Gazellostrongylus Yeh, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Impalaia Moennig, 1923 (4 species)
Genus Megacooperia Khalil & Gibbons, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Minutostrongylus Le-Roux, 1936 (1 species)
Genus Neocooperia Fotedar & Bambroo, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Paracooperia Travassos, 1935 (9 species)
Genus Paracooperioides Boomker, Horak & de Vos, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Pseudostertagia Orloff, 1933 (7 species)
Subtribe Libyostrongylinii Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1977 * (5 genera, 20 species) 373
Genus Cnizostrongylus Chabaud, Durette-Desset & Houin, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Laurostrongylus Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Libyostrongylus Lane, 1923 (6 species)
Genus Paralibyostrongylus Ortlepp, 1939 (5 species)
Genus Pararhabdonema Kreis, 1945 (7 species)
Subtribe Obeliscoidinii Durette-Desset, Hugot, Darlu & Chabaud, 1999 * (5 genera, 14
species) 374
Genus Biogastranema Rohrbacher & Ehrenford, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Hoazinstrongylus Magalhaes, Pinto & Correa-Gomes, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Obeliscoides Grabyill, 1924 (4 species)
Genus Tapironema Durette-Desset, Chabaud & Sutton, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Teporingonema Harris, 1985 (7 species)
Tribe Haemonchini Skryabin & Shultz, 1937 * (2 subtribes, 14 genera, 193 species) 375
Subtribe Haemonchinii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 (5 genera, 30 species)
Genus Ashworthius Le-Roux, 1930 (9 species)
Genus Boehmiella Gebauer, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Haemonchus Cobb, 1898 (14 species)
Genus Leiperiatus Sandground, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Mecistocirrus Railliet & Henry, 1912a (4 species)
Subtribe Ostertaginii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (9 genera, 163 species) 376 377
Genus Camelostrongylus Orloff, 1933 (20 species)
Genus Graphidium Railliet & Henry, 1909 (1 species)
368 Originally proposed as family by Skryabin (1933).

369 Attributed also to Witenberg (1925) by De Ley & Blaxter (2002).
370 Classification follows Beveridge et al. (2014) and Durette Desset et al. (1999) except generally 1 full taxonomic rank lower.
371 Ichthyostrongylidae Yamaguti 1961 of doubtful validity as a group and included here (Beveridge et al. 2010).
372 Created as a subfamily by Skryabin & Schikhobalova (1952).
373 Created as a tribe by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1977).
374 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset et al. (1999).
375 Created as a subfamily by Skryabin & Schultz (1952).
376 Includes the former Graphidiinae Travassos 1937, see Durette-Desset et al. (1999).
377 Raised to subfamily by Lopez-Neyra 1947. Originally created as a tribe by Skryabin & Shultz 1937.

Genus Hyostrongylus Hall, 1921 (7 species)
Genus Longistrongylus Le-Roux, 1931 (9 species)
Genus Marshallagia Orloff, 1933 (23 species)
Genus Ostertagia Ransom, 1907 (53 species)
Genus Parostertagia Schwartz & Alicata, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Spiculopteragia Orloff, 1933 (24 species)
Genus Teladorsagia Andreeva & Satubaldin, 1954 (25 species)
Tribe Trichostrongylini Leiper, 1908 * (3 subtribes, 22 genera, 141 species)
Subtribe Amidostomatinii Travassos, 1919 * (8 genera, 50 species) 378 379
Genus Amidostomoides Petrova, 1987 (15 species)
Species acutum (Lundahl, 1848) Lomakin, 1991 380
Species monodon (Linstow, 1882) Lomakin, 1991
Species petrovi (Shakhtahtinskaya, 1956) Lomakin, 1991
Genus Amidostomum Railliet & Henry, 1909 (7 species)
Genus Epomidiostomum Skryabin, 1915 (15 species)
Genus Hexapapillostomum Lomakin, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Mesamidostomum Lomakin, 1991 (2 species)
Genus Paramidostomum Freitas & Mendonca, 1950 (1 species)
Genus Pseudamidostomum Boulenger, 1926 (4 species)
Genus Quasiamidostomum Lomakin, 1991 (5 species)
Subtribe Filarinematinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1937 * (3 genera, 19 species) 381
Genus Filarinema Moennig, 1929 (13 species)
Species chiltoni Beveridge, 2019
Genus Peramelistrongylus Mawson, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Profilarinema Durette-Desset & Beveridge, 1981 (5 species)
Subtribe Trichostrongylinii Leiper, 1908 * (11 genera, 72 species)
Genus Arnfieldia Sarwar, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Graphidioides Cameron, 1923 (9 species)
Genus Graphinema Guerrero & Rojas, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Lagostonema Sutton & Durette-Desset, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Linustrongylus Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Mainspinostrongylus Kalyankar & Palladwar, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Schikhobalovia Ali & Deshpande, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Travassosius Khalil, 1922 (2 species)
Genus Trichostrongyella Dikov, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Trichostrongylus Looss, 1905 (53 species)
Genus Websternema Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1986 (1 species)
Subfamily Heligmosominae Travassos, 1914 (8 tribes, 15 subtribes, 127 genera, 782 species) 382
Tribe Cylicostrongylini Yamaguti, 1961 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 3 species) 383
Subtribe Cylicostrongylinii Yamaguti, 1961 *
Genus Neocylicostrongylus Arya & Johnson, 1977 (3 species) 384
Tribe Heligmosomini Travassos, 1914 (1 subtribe, 11 genera, 159 species)
Subtribe Heligmosominii Travassos, 1914 * (11 genera, 159 species)
378 Created as a subfamily by Travassos (1919) and family by Baylis & Daubney (1926)
379 There is evidence for 2 clades within the tribe Amidostomatini (labelled as subfamilies Amidostomatinae and Epomidiostomatinae with-
in a family Amidostomatidae by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981)). These are given no formal designation in the present classification.
380 Not synonyms of Amidostomum acutum (Lundahl 1848) Lomakin,1991 on molecular evidence (Kavetska et al. 2015).
381 Created as a tribe by Skryabin & Schikhobalova (1937).
382 Raised to family by Cramm (1927).
383 Created as a family by Yamaguti (1961).
384 Placed in Camallanidae by Spencer-Jones & Gibson (1987), but as a separate family Cylicostrongylidae Yamaguti 1961 by Gibbons
(2010).

Genus Citellinema Hall, 1916 (7 species)
Genus Citellinoides Dikmans, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Dessetia Genov & Janchev, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Heligmodentostoma Skryabin & Schulz, 1952 (1 species)
Genus Heligmoptera Nadtochiy, 1977 (4 species)
Genus Heligmosomoides Hall, 1916 (36 species)
Species americanus Durrette-Desset Kinsella & Forester, 1972 385
Species polygyrus (Dujardin, 1845) Boulenger, 1922 386
Genus Heligmosomum Railliet & Henry, 1909 (28 species)
Subgenus Heligmosomum Railliet & Henry, 1909 (19 species)
Subgenus Paraheligmosomum Asakawa & Satoh, 1987 (9 species)
Genus Longistriata Schulz, 1926 (71 species)
Genus Ischilinema Carolina-Serrano & Digiani, 2016 (1 species)
Species baldoi Carolina-Serrano & Digiani, 2016
Genus Ohbayashinema Durette-Desset, 1974 (5 species)
Genus Suncinema Durette-Desset, 1974 (4 species)
Tribe Heligmonellini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1952 (5 subtribes, 80 genera, 455 species) 387,388
Subtribe Heligmonellinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1952 * (41 genera, 178 species)
Genus Alippistrongylus Celina-Digiani & Kinsella, 2014 (1 species)
Species bicaudatus Celina-Digiani & Kinsella, 2014
Genus Asakawanema Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019 (1 species)
Species siamense (Asakawa Kamiya & Ohbayashi, 1986) Durette-Desset & Digiani,
2019
syn Yatinema siamensis Asakawa Kamiya & Ohbayashi, 1986
Genus Bunomystrongylus Hasegawa & Mangali, 1996 (4 species)
Species Ilami Smales, 2015
Genus Chisholmia Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015 (4 species)
Species bainae (Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992) Durette-Desset & Digiani,
2015
Species mawsonae (Durette-Desset, 1969) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia mawsonae Durette-Desset, 1969
Genus Equilophos Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015 (4 species)
Species polyrhabdote (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia polyrhabdote (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species similis (Smales, 2009) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia similis Smales, 2009
Genus Flannerystrongylus Smales, 2019 (1 species)
Species abulus Smales, 2019
Genus Fukumotonema Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019 (6 species)
Species orientale (Asakawa, Kamiya & Ohbayashi, 1986) Durette-Desset & Digiani,
2019
syn Neoheligmonella orientalis Asakawa, Kamiya & Ohbayashi, 1986
Species deborahae Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019
syn Yatinema japonicum sensu Asakawa, 1989 nec Asakawa & Ohbayashi, 1986
Species myodesi (Asakawa, 1989) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019
syn Morganiella myodesi sensu Asakawa, 1989 nec Yin & Zhang, 1981
385 Not a subspecies of H. polyggyrus (Harris et al. 2015).

386 See Behnke & Harris (2010) for a discussion of the identity and nomenclature of species Heligmosomoides bakeri and Heligmosomoides
polygyrus, and the former name Nematospiroides dubium Baylis 1926. Heligmosomoides polygyrus is used widely as a laboratory model for
intestinal helminth infection and its interaction with host immune systems.
387 Included here following Beveridge et al. (2014).
388 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1977).

Genus Guerrerostrongylus Sutton & Durette-Desset, 1991 (4 species)
Species marginalis Weirich Catzeflis & Jimenez, 2016
Genus Hasegawanema Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015 (10 species)
Species mamasaense (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin, 1999) Durette-Desset &
Digiani, 2015
Species mallomyos (Hasegawa & Syafruddin, 1994) Durette-Desset & Digiani,
2015
syn Odilia mallomyos Hasegawa & Syafruddin, 1994
Species maxomyos (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin, 1999) Durette-Desset &
Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia maxomyos Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin, 1999
Species moatensis (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin, 1999) Durette-Desset &
Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia moatense Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin, 1999
Species yumense Smales, 2019
Genus Hasanuddinia Hasegawa & Syafruddi, 1994 (5 species)
Species pogonomyos Smales, 2014
Species hasegawai Smales, 2015
Genus Heligmonella Moennig, 1927 (4 species) 389
Genus Hughjonestrongylus Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014 (20 species)
Species amplicaudae (Smales & Heinrich, 2010) Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset,
2014
syn Paraheligmonelloides amplicaudae Smales & Heinrich, 2010 (Celina-
Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014)
Species ennisae (Smales & Heinrich, 2010) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Paraheligmonelloides ennisae Smales & Heinrich, 2010 (Durette-Desset &
Digiani, 2015)
Species implexa (Smales, 2008) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia implexa Smales, 2008
Species mirzai (Smales, 2009) Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
syn Heligmonoides mirzai Smales, 2009 (Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014)
Species singauwaensis (Smales, 2009) Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
syn Paraheligmonelloides singauwaensis Smales, 2009 (Celina-Digiani & Durette-
Desset, 2014)
Species pervulgatus Smales, 2019
Species vanimoensis Smales, 2019
Species wanumaensis Smales, 2019
Species woolloyae Smales, 2017
Species sp. (Smales, 2011) Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
syn Paraheligmonelloides sp. Smales, 2011 (Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014)
Genus Krishnasamyos Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014 (1 species)
Species triangulus (Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983) Celina-Digiani &
Durette-Desset, 2014
syn trianglus Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983 (Celina-Digiani &
Durette-Desset, 2014)
Genus Lagostrongylus Fukumoto, Kamiya & Ohbayashi, 1986 (3 species)
Genus Lesleyella Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015 (1 species)
Species wauensis (Smales, 2010) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
Genus Macrostrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983 (3 species)
Species ingens Smales, 2008
Genus Malaistrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983 (1 species)
389 Species number according to Durette-Desset et al. (2017).

Genus Mawsonema Smales & Heinrich, 2010 (3 species)
Species mokwanensis Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Genus Maxomystrongylus Hasegawa & Syafruddi, 1997 (2 species)
Genus Mikenema Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard -Kuriyama, 2017 (7 species)
Species kinsellai (Digiani, Carrena & Durette-Desset, 2009) Durette-Desset,
Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Paraheligmonella kinsellai Digiani, Carrena & Durette-Desset, 2009 (Durette-
Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species lamothei (Digiani, Carrena & Durette-Desset, 2009) Durette-Desset,
Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Paraheligmonella lamothei Digiani, Carrena & Durette-Desset, 2009 (Durette-
Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species perfida (Travassos, 1943) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Longistriata perfida Travassos, 1943 (Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species romerolagi (Gibbons & Kumar, 1980) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Boreostrongylus romerolagi Gibbons & Kumar, 1980 (Durette-Desset, Digiani,
Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Genus Melomystronglylus Smales, 2009 (5 species)
Species sepikensis Smales, 2009
Species somoroensis Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Genus Montistrongylus Smales & Heinrich, 2010 (4 species)
Species ingati Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Species kaindiensis Smales, 2015
Genus Nugininema Smales, 2016 (1 species)
Species titokis Smales, 2016
Genus Odilia Durette-Desset, 1973 (35 species)
Species brachybursa (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species carinatae Smales, 2008
Species emanuelae (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species hageinannae Smales, 2016
Species helgeni Smales, 2015
Species mackerrasae (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species melomyos (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species tasmaniensis Gibbons & Spratt, 1995
Species uromyos (Mawson, 1961) Durette-Desset, 1973
Species whittingtoni Smales, 2015
Genus Paraheligmonella Durette-Desset, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Paraheligmonelloides Fukumoto, Kamiya & Suzuki, 1980 (8 species)
Species amplicaudae Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Species ennisae Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Species kenyensis Fukumoto, Kamiya & Suzuki, 1980
Species singauwaensis Smales, 2009
Genus Parasabanema Smales & Heinrich, 2010 (4 species)
Species szalayi Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Species praeputialis (Gibbons & Spratt, 1995) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia praeputialis Gibbons & Spratt, 1995
Genus Parvinema Smales, 2017 (4 species)
Species bafunminensis Smales, 2017
Species helgeni Smales, 2017

Genus Pogonomystrongylus Smales, 2014 (3 species)
Species domaensis Smales, 2014
Genus Rattustrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Rodentanema Smales, 2016 (1 species)
Species aenigma Smales, 2016
Genus Sabanema Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983 (5 species)
Genus Sanduanensis Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015 (2 species)
Species dividua (Smales, 2010) Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2015
syn Odilia dividua Smales, 2010
Genus Sciuricola Durette-Desset, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Spalacina Biserkov Durette-Desset & Genov, 1995 (3 species)
Genus Syafruddinema Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014 (6 species)
Species annandalei (Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi, 1983) Celina-Digiani
& Durette-Desset, 2014
syn Paraheligmonelloides annandalei (Ow-Yang, Durette-Desset & Ohbayashi,
1983) Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
Species eropeplios (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin1999) Celina-Digiani &
syn Paraheligmonelloides eropeplios (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin1999)
Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
Species paruromyos (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin1999) Celina-Digiani &
syn Paraheligmonelloides paruromyos (Hasegawa, Miyata & Syafruddin1999)
Celina-Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2014
Genus Trichofreitasia Sutton & Durette-Desset, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Trichotravassosia Lent & Freitas, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Viguerastrongylus Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard -Kuriyama, 2017 (1
species)
Species cubaensis (Perez-Vigueras, 1943) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard
-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Paraheligmonella cubaensis Perez-Vigueras, 1943 (Durette-Desset, Digiani,
Kilani & Geffard -Kuriyama, 2017)
Genus Xericola Durette-Desset, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Yatinema Asakawa & Ohbayashi, 1986 (3 species)
Species niigataee Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019
syn japonicum sensu Asakawa & Ohbayashi, 1986 partim
Subtribe Pudicinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1952 * (10 genera, 55 species) 390
Genus Acanthostrongylus Travassos, 1937 (3 species)
Species secundus Guerrero, 2019
Genus Durettestrongylus Guerrero, 1983 (4 species) 391
Genus Freitastrongylus Goncalves, Pinto & Dureett-Desset, 2007 (1 species)
Genus Fuellebornema Travassos & Darriba, 1929 (7 species) 392
Genus Heligmostrongylus Travassos, 1917 (9 species) 393
Genus Justinema R'kha & Durette-Desset, 1991 (3 species)
Genus Pseudoheligmosomum Travassos, 1937 (1 species)
390 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset (1971) and as a tribe by Skryabin & Schikhobalova (1952).
391 Including 2 species regarded as of uncertain affinities according to Durette-Desset et al. (2017).
392 Including a species originally designated as Heligmosomum agoutii Neiva Cunha & Travassos 1914 and transferred to the new genus
Fullebornema by Travassos & Darriba (1929) in the sense of Travassos 1937 partim, which was formally described as Fullebornema neivai
Cassone & Durette-Desset 1991. This species was regarded as Fuelleborna sp. and the formal name was not accepted by Durette-Desset et
al. (2017).
393 Species according to Durette-Desset et al. (2017).

Genus Pudica Travassos & Darriba, 1929 (19 species)
Species cattani Digiani, Landaeta-Aqueveque, Carolina-Serrano & Notanicola,
2017
Species degusi (Babero & Cattan, 1975) Digiani, Landaeta-Aqueveque, Carolina-
Serrano & Notanicola, 2017
syn Longistriata degusi Babero & Cattan, 1975 (Digiani, Landaeta-Aqueveque,
Carolina-Serrano & Notanicola, 2017)
Species minima Serrano, Durette-Desset & Digiani, 2019
Genus Sciurodendrium Durette-Desset, 1971 (7 species) 394
Genus Squamasnema Cordeiro, De-Vasconcelos-Melo, Furtado, Giese, Maldonado & Dos-
Santos, 2015 (1 species)
Species amazonica Cordeiro, De-Vasconcelos-Melo, Furtado, Giese, Maldonado &
Dos-Santos, 2015
Subtribe Brevistriatinii Durette-Desset, 1971 * (10 genera, 69 species) 395
Genus Brevistriata Travassos, 1937 (5 species) 396
Genus Calypsostrongylus Schmidt in Schmidt, Myers & Kuntz, 1967 (3 species) 397
Genus Cordicauda Durette-Desset, 1971 (12 species) 398
Genus Doanhnema Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017 (12
species)
Species longipene (Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1967) Durette-Desset, Digiani,
Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Brevistriata longipene Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1967 (Durette-Desset,
Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species malayense (Durette-Desset, 1976) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Syn Calypsostrongylus malayense Durette-Desset, 1976 (Durette-Desset, Digiani,
Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species nepalese (Durette-Desset, 1974) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Syn Brevistriata nepalense Durette-Desset, 1974 (Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Geffard -Kuriyama, 2017)
Species ogdeni (Durette-Desset, 1969) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Brevistriata ogdeni Durette-Desset, 1969 (Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species “sp.” Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Brevistriata skrjabini Schulz & Lubimov, 1932 (Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani
& Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species titasuthi (Kliks & Durette-Desset, 1976) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani &
Syn Calypsostrongylus titasuthi Kliks & Durette-Desset, 1976 (Durette-Desset,

395 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset (1971).
396 Including Brevistriata callosciuri sensu Matsudate et al., 2003 nec Wang 1981, which is regarded as uncertain by Durette-Desset et al.
(2017).
397 Including a species originally designated as Brevistriata skrjabini Schulz & Lubimov 1932, which was informally described as Calyp-
sostroingylus sp. and the previous formal name was not accepted but a new combination was formally proposed by Durette-Desset et al. (2017).
Also including Calypsostrongylus critatus (Gedoelst 1917) Durette-Desset 1976, which is of uncertain placement according to Durette-Desset
et al. (2017).

Genus Fissicauda Durette-Desset & Krishnasamy, 1976 (7 species) 399
Genus Glistrongylus Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017 (1 species)
Species gracilis (Leuckart, 1842) Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama, 2017
Syn Strongylus gracilis Leuckart, 1842 (Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama, 2017)
Genus Kuala Durette-Desset & Krishnasamy, 1976 (2 species) 400
Genus Paraheligmonina Ortlepp, 1939 (20 species) 401
Genus Quentinstrongylus Durette-Desset, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Srivastavanema Singh, 1962 (6 species) 402
Subtribe Nippostrongylinii Durette-Desset, 1971 * (16 genera, 132 species) 403
Genus Carolinensis Travassos, 1937 (7 species)
Genus Euzetoda Elias & Durette-Desset, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Gobindonema Sood & Parshad, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Hassalstrongylus Durette-Desset, 1971 (19 species)
Species luquei Costa, Maldonado-Junior, Boia, Lucio & Simoes, 2014
Genus Heligmonina Baylis, 1928 (20 species)
Genus Heligmonoides Baylis, 1928 (13 species)
Genus Hypocristata Durette-Desset, 1971 (3 species)
Genus Malvinema Digiani, Sutton & Durette-Desset, 2003 (4 species)
Genus Mammanidula Sadovskaja, 1952 (3 species)
Genus Metheligmonella Durette-Desset, 1971 (2 species)
Genus Missimstrongylus Smales, 2018 (1 species)
Species oweni Smales, 2018
Genus Neoheligmonella Durette-Desset, 1971 (15 species)
Genus Nippostrongylus Lane, 1923 (8 species)
Species smalesae Hasegawa, Dewi, Fitriana & Asakawa, 2017
Genus Orientostrongylus Durette-Desset, 1971 (6 species)
Genus Stilestrongylus Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937 (26 species)
Species kaaguyporai Panisse & Digiani, 2018
Species rolandoi Boullosa, Simoes, Andrade-Silva, Gentile & Maldonado, 2019
Genus Suttonema Digiani & Durette-Desset, 2003 (3 species)
Subtribe Tricholinsowinii Durette-Desset, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017 * (2 genera, 15
species) 404
Genus Moguranema Yamaguti, 1941 (3 species)
Species “sp.” Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn nipponicum sensu Yokohata, Abe & Kamiya, 1988 nec Yamaguti, 1941
(Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Genus Tricholinstowia Travassos, 1937 (12 species)
Species “sp. 1” Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn talpae sensu Yokohata, Abe, Jiang & Kamiya, 1989 nec Morgan, 1928
(Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017)
Species “sp. 2” Durette-Desset, Digiani, Kilani & Geffard-Kuriyama, 2017
Syn talpae sensu Sakata & Asakawa, 2003 nec Morgan, 1928 (Durette-Desset,
399 Including 2 species originally designated as Brevistriata sundasiuri Schmidt Myers & Kunz 1967, and formally described as such, but
which was changed to the combination Fissicauda sundasiuri (Schmidt Myers & Kunz 1967) Durette-Desset 1976, and part of which was then
designated as “sp. 1” and part as “sp.2” by Durette-Desset et al. (2017).
403 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset (1971).

Tribe Herpetostrongylini Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (2 subtribes, 11 genera, 54 species) 405 406
Subtribe Globocephaloidinii Inglis, 1968 * (2 genera, 4 species) 407
Genus Amphicephaloides Beveridge, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Globocephaloides Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (3 species)
Subtribe Herpetostrongylinii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (9 genera, 50 species) 408
Genus Austrostrongylus Chandler, 1924 (13 species)
Genus Beveridgiella Humphery-Smith, 1981 (4 species)
Genus Dessetostrongylus Humphery-Smith, 1981 (3 species)
Genus Herpetostrongylus Baylis, 1931 (4 species)
Species paramelomysi Smales & Heinrich, 2010
Genus Nasistrongylus Durette-Desset & Beveridge, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Paraustrostrongylus Mawson, 1973 (6 species)
Genus Patricialina Inglis, 1968 (6 species)
Genus Vaucherus Durette-Desset, 1980 (3 species)
Genus Woolleya Mawson, 1973 (10 species)
Tribe Ichthyostrongylini Yamaguti, 1961 * (1 subtribe, 2 genera, 5 species) 409
Subtribe Ichthyostrongylinii Yamaguti, 1961 * (2 genera, 5 species)
Genus Ichthyostrongylus Mawson, 1954 (2 species)
Genus Neoichthyostrongylus Naqvi & Gupta, 1987 (3 species)
Tribe Nicollinini Skryabin & Shultz, 1937 (1 subtribe, 2 genera, 10 species) 410 411
Subtribe Nicollininii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (2 genera, 10 species)
Genus Copemania Durette-Desset & Beveridge, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Nicollina Baylis, 1930 (9 species)
Tribe Ornithostrongylini Travassos, 1937 * (2 subtribes, 11 genera, 43 species) 412
Subtribe Inglaminii Durette-Desset, Denke & Murua * (1 genus, 2 species) 413
Genus Inglamidum Durette-Desset, Denke & Murua, 1976 (2 species)
Subtribe Ornithostrongylinii Travassos, 1937 * (10 genera, 41 species) 414
Genus Allintoshius Chitwood, 1937 (8 species)
Genus Columbostrongylus Puyleart, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Lutznema Lent & Freitas, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Ornithonema Travassos, 1935 (1 species)
Genus Ornithostrongylus Travassos, 1914 (10 species)
Genus Oswaldostrongylus Lent & Freitas, 1934 (2 species)
Genus Passeristrongylus Jansen, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Sutarostrongylus Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1986 (2 species)
Genus Vexillata Travassos, 1937 (11 species)
Genus Wanaristrongylus Jones, 1987 (4 species)
Tribe Viannaiini Neveu-Lemaire, 1944 * (2 subtribes, 9 genera, 53 species) 415
Subtribe Viannainii Neveu-Lemaire, 1944 * (8 genera, 52 species)
Genus Avellaria Freitas & Lent, 1934 (2 species)
405 Included here by Ben Slimane et al. (1996).

406 Created as a subfamily by Skryabin & Shultz (1937), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
407 Created as a subfamily by Inglis (1968).
408 Created as a subfamily by Skryabin & Shultz (1937), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
409 Originally created as a family by Yamaguti (1961).
410 Placed here on the basis of similarity to Herpetostrongylinae (Beveridge et al. 2010).
411 Raised to family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
412 Created as a subfamily by Travassos (1937), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
414 Created as a subfamily by Travassos (1937), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
415 Created as a subfamily by Neveu-Lemaire (1944), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).

Genus Ierestrongylus Cameron, 1935 (1 species)
Genus Nesomystrongylus Durette-Desset, Lethonen & Haukisalmi, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Oswaldonema Travassos, 1927 (3 species)
Genus Squamostrongylus Travassos, 1937 (2 species)
Genus Travassostrongylus Orloff, 1933 (11 species)
Species scheibelorum Scheibel, Catzeflis & Jimenez, 2014
Genus Viannaia Travassos, 1914 (17 species)
Genus Viannella Travassos, 1918 (15 species)
Subtribe Hydrochoerisnematinii Arantes & Artigas, 1983 * (1 genus, 1 species) 416
Genus Hydrochoerisnema Arantes & Artigas, 1980 (1 species)
Subfamily Molineinae Skryabin & Shultz, 1937 (4 tribes, 10 subtribes, 74 genera, 416 species) 417
Tribe Amphibiophilini Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 * (2 subtribes, 5 genera, 15 species) 418
Subtribe Amphibiophilinii Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 * (3 genera, 11 species) 419
Genus Amphibiophilus Skryabin, 1916 (7 species) 420
Subgenus Amphibiophilus Skryabin, 1916 (7 species)
Genus Batrachostrongylus Yuen, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Graphidiella Olsen, 1948 (3 species)
Subtribe Johnpearsoniinii Durette-Desset, Ben-Slimane, Cassone, Barton & Chabaud, 1994 *
(2 genera, 4 species) 421
Genus Johnpearsonia Durette-Desset, Ben-Slimane, Cassone, Barton & Chabaud, 1994 (1
species)
Genus Batrachonema Yuen, 1965 (3 species)
Tribe Mackerrastrongylini Inglis, 1968 * (2 subtribes, 7 genera, 17 species) 422
Subtribe Mackerrastrongylinii Inglis, 1968 (4 genera, 10 species) 423
Genus Asymmetracantha Mawson, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Mackerrastrongylus Mawson, 1960 (4 species)
Genus Sprattellus Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1981 (3 species)
Genus Tetrabothriostrongylus Mawson, 1960 (2 species)
Subtribe Tasmanematinii Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 * (3 genera, 7 species) 424
Genus Tachynema Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Tasmanema Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Zaglonema Durette-Desset & Beveridge, 1981 (3 species)
Tribe Strongylacanthini Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 * (1 subtribe, 1 genus, 4 species) 425
Subtribe Strongylacanthinii Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Genus Strongylacantha Van-Beneden, 1873 (4 species)
Tribe Molineini Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (5 subtribes, 61 genera, 380 species)
Subtribe Anoplostrongylinii Chandler, 1938 * (24 genera, 88 species) 426
Genus Anoplostrongylus Boulenger, 1926 (2 species)
Genus Biacantha Wolfgang, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Bidigiticauda Chitwood, 1938 (4 species)
Species serafreirei De-Oliviera-Simoes, Fraga-Neto, Vilar, Maldonado & Val-Vilela,
416 Created as a subfamily by Arantes & Artigas (1983).

417 Raised to family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1977).
418 Created as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
419 Created as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
420 Subgenus explicitly defined by Skryabin (1916).
421 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset Ben Slimane Cassone Barton & Chabaud (1994).
422 Created as a subfamily by Inglis (1968), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
423 Created as a subfamily by Inglis (1968), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
424 Created as a subfamily by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981).
425 Created as a subfamily by Yorke & Maplestone (1926), and as a family by Chabaud (1960).
426 Created as a subfamily by Chandler (1938).

2019
Genus Bradypostrongylus Price, 1928 (2 species)
Genus Caenostrongylus Lent & Freitas, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Cheiropteronema Sandground, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Delicata Travassos, 1935 (10 species)
Genus Durettenema Ju, Li & Zhang, 2017 (4 species)
Species guangdongense Ju, Li & Zhang, 2017
Species rinolphi (Yin, 1980) Ju, Li & Zhang, 2017
syn Maciela rinolphi Yin, 1980 (Ju, Li & Zhang, 2017)
Genus Filicapitis Travassos, 1949 (1 species)
Genus Fontesia Travassos, 1928 (2 species)
Genus Graphidiops Lent & Freitas, 1938 (7 species)
Genus Histiostrongylus Molin, 1861 (4 species)
Genus Macuahuitloides Jimenez, Peralta-Rodriguez, Caspeta-Mandujano & Ramirez-Diaz,
2014 (1 species)
Species inexpectans Jimenez, Peralta-Rodriguez, Caspeta-Mandujano & Ramirez-
Diaz, 2014
Genus Maciela Travassos, 1935 (8 species)
Genus Moennigia Travassos, 1935 (18 species)
Species celinae Ezquiaga & Navone, 2014
Genus Neohistiostrongylus Barus & Valle, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Paragraphidium Teixeira de Freitas & Machado de Mendonca, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Parahistiostrongylus Perez-Vigueras, 1940 (1 species)
Genus Spinostrongylus Travassos, 1935 (4 species)
Genus Tadaridanema Falcon-Ordaz, Guzman-Cornejo, Garcia-Prieto & Gardner, 2006 (1
species)
Genus Torrestrongylus Vigueras, 1935 (3 species)
Species tetradorsalis Caspeta-Mandujano, Peralta-Rodriguez, Galindo-Garcia &
Jimenez, 2015
Genus Trichohelix Ortlepp, 1922 (2 species)
Genus Tricholeiperia Travassos, 1935 (6 species)
Genus Trifurcata Schulz, 1926 (3 species)
Subtribe Mertensinematinii Sharpilo, 1976 * (3 genera, 4 species) 427
Genus Borrellostrongylus Gutierrez, 1945 (1 species)
Genus Mertensinema Sharpilo, 1976 (2 species)
Genus Zygocaulus Hasegawa, 2019 (1 species)
Species nagoensis Hasegawa, 2019
Subtribe Molineinii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * (28 genera, 221 species)
syn Dromaeostrongylinii Skryabin & Schulz, 1937 * 428
Genus Angulocirrus Biocca & Le-Roux, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Bakeria Moravec & Sey, 1986 (3 species)
Species schadi Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2014
Genus Brevigraphidium Teixeira-De-Freitas & Machado-De-Mendonca, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Brygoonema Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 (10 species)
Genus Carostrongylus Durette-Desset & Vaucher, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Dollfusstrongylus Quentin, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Dromaeostrongylus Lubimow, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Hepatojarakus Yeh, 1955 (4 species)
Genus Hugotnema Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 (5 species)
427 Created as a subfamily by Sharpilo (1976).

428 Created as a tribe by Skryabin & Schultz (1937), and as a family by Durette-Desset & Chabaud (1981), placed in Molineinae (here tribe
Molineini) by Durette-Desset et al. (1999).

Genus Kentropyxia Baker, 1982 (3 species)
Species hylae Das-Neves-Feitosa, Furtado-Dos-Santos & De-Vasconcelos-Melo,
2015
Genus Lamanema Becklund, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Molineus Cameron, 1923 (30 species)
Species lotoris Marroquin-Mucino, Osorio-Sarabia, Garcia-Preto & Mata-Lopez,
2017
Genus Molinostrongylus Skarbilovitch, 1934 (18 species)
Genus Molostrongylus Durette-Desset & Vaucher, 1996 (2 species)
Genus Nochtia Travassos & Vogelsang, 1929 (5 species)
Subgenus Nochtia Travassos & Vogelsang, 1929 (2 species)
Subgenus Tenrecola Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981 (3 species)
Genus Nycteridostrongylus Baylis, 1930 (2 species)
Subgenus Nycteridostrongylus Baylis, 1930 (1 species)
Subgenus Petiellus Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Ortleppstrongylus Durette-Desset, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917 (93 species)
Species lamotheargumendoi Ruiz-Torres, Garcia-Prieto, Osoria-Sarabia &
Violante-Gonzales, 2013
Species lacertica Svitin, 2017
Species lisnykiensis Svitin, 2017
Species filiformis (Goeze, 1782) Skrjabin & Schultz, 1952
Species Ascaris filiformis Goeze, 1782 (Skrjabin & Schultz, 1952)
syn Oswaldocruzia molgeta (Lewis, 1928) Sinsch, Heneberg, Tesinsky, Balczun &
Scheid, 2019
Genus Pithecostrongylus Lubimov, 1930 (4 species)
Genus Poekilostrongylus Schmidt & Whittaker, 1975 (2 species)
Genus Ragenema Ben-Slimane, Chabaud & Durette-Desset, 1996 (1 species)
Genus Schulzia Travassos, 1937 (6 species)
Genus Shattuckius Sandground, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Tenuostrongylus Le-Roux, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Trichochenia Kou, 1958 (3 species)
Genus Trichoskrjabinia Travassos, 1937 (3 species)
Genus Tupaiostrongylus Dunn, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Typhlopsia Barus & Coy-Otero, 1978 (9 species)
Subtribe Nematodirinii Neveu-Lemaire, 1934 * (5 genera, 65 species) 429
Genus Murielus Dikmans, 1939 (2 species)
Genus Nematodirella Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (7 species)
Genus Nematodiroides Bernard, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Nematodirus Ransom, 1907 (47 species)
Genus Rauschia Durette-Desset, 1979 (8 species)
Subtribe Ollulaninii Hall, 1916 * (1 genus, 2 species) 430
Genus Ollulanus Leuckart, 1865 (2 species)
Suborder Agfaina Hodda, 2007 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species) 431
Superfamily Agfoidea Dougherty, 1955 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
429 Created as a subfamily by Neveu Lemaire (1934).

430 Created as a subfamily by Hall (1916).
431 Placed with moderate support in Peloderidae on molecular evidence (Ross et al. 2010), but other molecular evidence is lacking (De Ley
& Blaxter 2004). The position of Agfidae is unresolved on morphological evidence (Ribas & Casanova 2002, Inglis 1983), and it has been
placed within Cylindrocorporoidea, Myolaimidae and Rhabditomorpha. There are only 3 species of the family, which are all parasites of slugs.
All have an unusual combination of characters, some of which may be plesiomorphic for Rhabditina, and some of which may be apomorphic
hence its current placement as a suborder. More investigation is required.

Family Agfidae Dougherty, 1955 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subfamily Agfinae Dougherty, 1955 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Agfini Dougherty, 1955 *
Subtribe Agfinii Dougherty, 1955 *
Genus Agfa Chitwood, 1935 (3 species)
Suborder Angiostomatina n. suborder (1 superfamily, 1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 23 species)
Superfamily Angiostomatoidea R. Blanchard, 1895 * n. rank (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 23 species)
Family Angiostomatidae R. Blanchard, 1895 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 23 species)
Subfamily Angiostomatinae R. Blanchard, 1895 * (3 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Angiostomatini R. Blanchard, 1895 *
Subtribe Angiostomatinii R. Blanchard, 1895 *
Genus Angiostoma Dujardin, 1845 (21 species)
Species gandvanensis Singh, Couvrier, Decraemer & Bert, 2019
Species namekuji Waki, Hino & Umeda, 2018
Species norvegicum Ross, Haukeland, Hatteland & Ivanova, 2017
Genus Aulacnema Van, Luc, Spiridonov & Wilson, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Noteodiplogaster De-Villalobos, Camino & Reboredo, 1998 (1 species)
Order Spirurida Railliet, 1915 (5 suborders, 20 superfamilies, 58 families, 109 subfamilies, 764 genera, 6836
species) 432
Suborder Spirurina Railliet & Henry, 1915 (10 superfamilies, 22 families, 40 subfamilies, 312 genera, 3084
species) 433
Superfamily Camallanoidea Railliet & Henry, 1915 (Travassos, 1920) (2 families, 4 subfamilies, 31 genera, 699
species)
Family Camallanidae Railliet & Henry, 1915 (1 subfamily, 9 genera, 385 species)
Subfamily Camallaninae Railliet & Henry, 1915 * (9 genera, 385 species)
Tribe Camallanini Railliet & Henry, 1915 *
Subtribe Camallaninii Railliet & Henry, 1915 *
Genus Camallanides Baylis & Daubney, 1922 (13 species)
Genus Camallanus Railliet & Henry, 1915 (124 species)
Species emydidius Mascarenhas & Mueller, 2017
Species senaruensis Purwaninsih, Dewi & Nugroho, 2016
Species sodwanaensis Svitin, Truter, Kudlai, Smit & Du- Preez, 2019
Genus Malayocamallanus Jothy & Fernando, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Neoparacamallanus Bilqees & Akram, 1982 (14 species)
Genus Oncophora Diesing, 1851 (3 species)
Genus Paracamallanus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (10 species)
Genus Platocamallanus Bilqees & Akram, 1982 (2 species)
Genus Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (211 species)
Subgenus Aspiculus Ali, 1960 (1 species)
Subgenus Denticamallanus Moravec & Thatcher, 1997 (1 species)
Subgenus Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (93 species)
syn Procamallanides Khera, 1956 434
Species pseudolaeviconchus Moravec & Van-As, 2015
Species spiculastriatus Pinhiero, Melo, Monks, Santos & Giese, 2018
Subgenus Punctocamallanus Moravec & Scholz, 1991 (1 species)
Subgenus Spirocamallanus Olsen, 1952 (115 species)
Species bothi Moravec & Justine, 2019
433 Originally named suborder Spirurata (Railliet & Henry 1915) prior to adoption of current system of uniform endings of higher-ranked
taxon names. First used in current form by Chitwood (1937).
434 Proposed as a genus by Khera (1956).

Species dispar Moravec & Justine, 2019
Species hexoptalmatis Moravec & Justine, 2019
Species juana Ramallo & Ailan-Choke, 2017
Species jiriensis Sanachoaba & Gambhir, 2018
Species parachannae Moravec & Jirku, 2015
Species pseudospiralis Moravec & Scholz, 2017
Species serranochromis Moravec & Van-As, 2015
Species sinespinis Moravec & Justine, 2017
Species synodi Moravec & Justine, 2019
Species thallassomatis Moravec & Justine, 2019
Species 1 Moravec, Taraschewski, Anantaphruti, Maipanich & Laoprasert, 2006
Genus Serpinema Yeh, 1960 (7 species)
Species cayennensis Harnoster, Svitin & Du-Preez, 2019
Family Physalopteridae Railliet, 1893 (Leiper, 1908) (3 subfamilies, 22 genera, 314 species)
Subfamily Physalopterinae Railliet, 1893 (16 genera, 226 species)
Tribe Physalopterini Railliet, 1893 *
Subtribe Physalopterinii Railliet, 1893 *
Genus Abbreviata Travassos, 1920 (44 species)
Genus Didelphyoptera Schulz, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Didelphysoma Schulz, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Kreisiella Jones, 1985 (2 species)
Genus Mooleptus Ozdikmen, 2010 nom nov. pro Metaleptus Machida, Ogawa &
Okiyama, 1982 nec Metaleptus Bates, 1880 (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae) (1 species)
Genus Mirzaloptera Wason & Johnson, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Neoleptus Specian, Ubelaker & Dailey, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Ochetocephalus Linstow, 1907 (1 species)
Genus Paraphysaloptera Gupta & Jehan, 1971 (2 species)
Genus Pentadentoptera Schachnasarova, 1949 (5 species)
Genus Physaloptera Rudolphi, 1819 (144 species)
syn Piscinema Gambhir & Ng, 2014 435
Subgenus Chlamydonema Noordhoek, 1910 (8 species)
Subgenus Physaloptera Rudolphi, 1819 (134 species)
Species amazonica Maldonado, Simoes, Luiz, Costa-Neto & Vilela, 2019
Species bainae Pereira, Alves, Rocha, Lima & Luque, 2014
Species barakensis Gambhir & Ng, 2014 436
Species goytaca Ederli, Mello-Gallo, Oliviera & Rodriguez-De-Oliviera, 2018
Subgenus Tetradelphynema Schulz, 1927 (1 species)
Subgenus Tridelphynema Schulz (1 species)
Genus Polydelphyoptera Schulz, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Pseudabbreviata Lichtenfels & Quigley, 1968 (4 species)
Genus Pseudophysaloptera Baylis, 1934 (8 species)
Genus Skrjabinoptera Schulz, 1927 (8 species)
Genus Turgida Schulz, 1927 (2 species)
Subfamily Proleptinae Schulz, 1927 (4 genera, 44 species)437
Tribe Proleptini Schulz, 1927 *
Subtribe Proleptinii Schuz, 1927 *
435 Regarded as genus inquirendum and incertae sedis by Moravec (2014).

436 Regarded as species inquirendum and incertae sedis by Moravec (2014).
437 Raised to family by Skryabina (1968).

Genus Heliconema Travassos, 1919 (21 species) 438
Species anguillae Yamaguti, 1935 439
Species monopteri Moravec, Chaudhary & Singh, 2019
Species pisodonophidis Moravec, Chaudhary & Singh, 2019
Genus Paraleptus H.W. Wu, 1927 (6 species)
Genus Proleptus Dujardin, 1845 (10 species)
Genus Rasheedia Moravec & Justine, 2018 nom. nov. pro Bulbocephalus Rasheed, 1966
nec Bulbocephalus Watson, 1916 (Apicomplexa) (7 species)
Species heptacanthi Moravec & Justine, 2018
Species novaecaledoniensis Moravec & Justine, 2018
Subfamily Thubunaeinae Sobolev, 1949 (Chabaud, 1975) (2 genera, 44 species)
Tribe Thubunaeini Sobolev, 1949
Subtribe Thubunaeinii Sobolev, 1949 *
Genus Physalopteroides Wu & Liu, 1940 (20 species)
Species grismeri Bursey & Goldberg, 2016
Genus Thubunaea Seurat, 1914 (24 species)
Species eleodori Ramallo Goldberg, Bursey, Castillo & Acosta, 2017
Species leonregagnonae Garduno-Montes-De-Oca, Lopez-Caballero & Mata-
Lopez, 2017
Superfamily Rictularoidea Hall, 1916 (Anderson, Chabaud & Wilmott, 1974) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 5 genera,
100 species)
Family Rictulariidae Hall, 1916 (Railliet, 1916) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 100 species)
Subfamily Rictulariinae Hall, 1916 (5 genera, 100 species)
Tribe Rictulariini Hall, 1916 *
Subtribe Rictulariinii Hall, 1916 *
Genus Pseudorictularia Dollfus & Desportes, 1945 (1 species)
Genus Pterygodermatites Wedl, 1861 (38 species)
Subgenus Mesopectines Quentin, 1969 (4 species)
Subgenus Multipectines Quentin, 1969 (5 species)
Subgenus Neopaucipectines Quentin, 1969 (2 species)
Subgenus Paucipectines Quentin, 1969 (10 species)
Species andyraicola Cardia, Tebaldi, Fornazari, Menozzi, Langoni, Nascimento,
Bresciani, Lux & Hoppe, 2015
Species argentiniensis Ezquiaga, Rios, Abba & Navone, 2017
Species baiomydis Lynggaard, Garcia-Prieto, Guzman-Cornejo & Osorio-Sarabia,
2014
Subgenus Pterygodermatites Wedl, 1861 (17 species)
Species atlanticaensis Simoes, Brant-Moreira & Reis-Leite, 2019
Species carstairsi (Mawson, 1971) Smales, 2018
syn Rictularia carstairsi Mawson, 1971
Species pearsoni (Mawson, 1971) Smales, 2018
syn Rictularia pearsoni Mawson, 1971
Genus Rictularia Froelich, 1802 (59 species)
Genus Rictularina Johnston & Mawson, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Rictularioides Hall, 1916 (1 species)
Superfamily Thelazioidea Railliet, 1910 (Sobolev, 1949) (3 families, 4 subfamilies, 22 genera, 290 species)
Family Thelaziidae Railliet, 1910 (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 82 species)
Subfamily Oxyspirurinae Skryabin, 1916 (Chabaud, 1975) (1 genus, 50 species)
Tribe Oxyspirurini Skryabin, 1916 *
Subtribe Oxyspirurinii Skryabin, 1916 *
438 Species number according to Moravec et al. (2019).

439 Not a synonym of Heliconema longissimum (Ortlep 1922) according to Katahira & Nagasawa (2015).

Genus Oxyspirura Draesche in Stossich, 1897 (50 species)
Subgenus Barusispirura Chabaud, 1975 (2 species)
Subgenus Caballeroispirura Barus, 1963 (1 species)
Subgenus Cramispirura Skryabin, 1931 (10 species)
Subgenus Hamulofilaria Chandler, 1924 (1 species)
Subgenus Molinospirura Rodrigues, 1964 (1 species)
Subgenus Oxyspirura Drasche in Stossich, 1897 (35 species)
Subfamily Thelaziinae Railliet, 1910 (Skryabin, 1915) (6 genera, 32 species)
Tribe Thelaziini Railliet, 1910 *
Subtribe Thelaziinii Railliet, 1910 *
Genus Ceratospira Schneider, 1866 (4 species)
Genus Hempelia Vaz, 1937 (1 species)
Genus Pancreatonema McVicar & Gibson, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Pericyema Railliet, 1925 (1 species)
Genus Thelazia Bosc in Blainville, 1819 (24 species)
Subgenus Thelazia Bosc, 1819 (17 species)
Subgenus Thelaziella Travassos, 1918 (7 species)
Genus Thylaconema Chandler, 1929 (1 species)
Family Rhabdochonidae Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 (Skryabin, 1946) (1 subfamily, 12 genera, 198
species)
Subfamily Rhabdochoninae Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 * (12 genera, 198 species)
Tribe Rhabdochonini Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 *
Subtribe Rhabdochoninii Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 *
Genus Beaninema Caspeta, Mandujano, Moravec & Salgado-Maldonado, 2001 (1
species)
Genus Fellicola Petter & Koie, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Freitasia Barus & Coy-Otero, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Hepatinema Rasheed, 1964 (2 species)
Genus Heptochona Rasheed, 1965 (7 species)
Genus Johnstonmawsonia Campana-Rouget, 1955 (7 species)
Genus Johnstonmawsonoides Machida, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Prosungulonema Roytman, 1963 (4 species) 440
Species africana (Moravec & Puylaert, 1970) Moravec, Gey & Justine, 2016
syn Johnstonmawsonia africana Moravec & Puylaert, 1970 (Moravec, Gey &
Justine, 2016)
Species campanae (Puylaert, 1973) Moravec, Gey & Justine, 2016
syn Johnstonmawsonia campanae Puylaert, 1970 (Moravec, Gey & Justine, 2016)
Genus Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 (169 species)
Subgenus Filochona Saidov, 1953 (11 species)
Subgenus Globochona Moravec, 1972 (10 species)
Species puntii Gonzalez-Solis, Chavan, Kannewad & Gyananath, 2014
Species tricuspidata Moravec & Jirku, 2014
Subgenus Globochonoides Moravec, 1975 (1 species)
Subgenus Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 (147 species)
Species angusticaudata Moravec & Nagasawa, 2018
Species centroafricana Moravec & Jirku, 2014
Species haspani Kakar Bilqees, Khan & Khan, 2014
Species ictaluri Aguilar-Aguilar, Rosas-Valdez & Perez-Ponce-de-Leon, 2010 441
Species indusi Soofi, Birmani & Darejo, 2017
Species marcusenii Moravec & Jirku, 2014
440 Prosungulonema not recognized by Gibbons (2010), but recognized by Moravec et al. (2016).
441 Removed from synonymy with Rhabdochona kideri by Lagunas-Calvo et al. (2019).

Species osorioi Santacruz, Ornelas-Garcia & Perez-Ponce-De-Leon, 2019
Species spatulatum Asmatullah-Kakar & Biquees, 2016
Genus Skrjabinitectus Majumdar & Banerjee, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Trichospirura Smith & Chitwood, 1967 (3 species)
Genus Vasorhabdochona Martin & Zam, 1967 (1 species)
Family Pneumospiruridae Wu & Hu, 1938 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 10 species)
Subfamily Pneumospirurinae Wu & Hu, 1938 * (3 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Pneumospirurini Wu & Hu, 1938 *
Subtribe Pneumospirurinii Wu & Hu, 1938 *
Genus Metathelazia Skinker, 1931 (6 species)
Genus Pneumospirura Wu & Hu, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Vogeloides Orlov, Davtian & Lubimov in Skryabin, 1933 (3 species)
Superfamily Spiruroidea Oerley, 1885 (Railliet & Henry, 1915) (5 families, 7 subfamilies, 36 genera, 189
species)
Family Gongylonematidae Hall, 1916 (Sobolev, 1949) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 38 species) 442
Subfamily Gongylonematinae Hall, 1916 (1 genus, 38 species)
Tribe Gongylonematini Hall, 1916 *
Subtribe Gongylonematinii Hall, 1916 *
Genus Gongylonema Molin, 1857 (38 species)
Subgenus Gongylonema Molin, 1857 (35 species)
Species archboldi Kinsella Robles & Presser, 2016
Species nepalensis Setsuda, Da, Hasegawa, Behnke, Rana, Dhakal & Sato, 2016
Subgenus Gongylonemoides Lent & Freitas, 1937 (2 species)
Subgenus Progongylonema Hernandez-Rodriguez & Gutierrez-Palomino, 1992 (1
species)
Family Spiruridae Oerley, 1885 (1 subfamily, 11 genera, 60 species)
Subfamily Spirurinae Oerley, 1885 * (11 genera, 60 species)
Tribe Spirurini Oerley, 1885 *
Subtribe Spirurinii Oerley, 1885 *
Genus Bancroftinema Johnston & Mawson, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Chlamydoprocta Chandler, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Curvicaudatum Khatoon, Bilqees, Ghazi & Jaffery, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Denticulospirura Johnston & Mawson, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Isospirura Sood & Parshad, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Mastigonema Dailey & Perrin, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Paracyrnea Gupta & Jaiswal, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Paraspirura Sandground, 1936 (2 species)
Genus Protospirura Seurat, 1914 (19 species)
Genus Pseudomazzia Mujib, Bilqees, Rehana, Ghazi & Haseeb, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Spirura E. Blanchard, 1849 (31 species)
Species carajaensis Da-Costa-Cordeiro, Tiago-De-Vasconcelos-Melo, Maldonado
& Nascimento-Dos-Santos, 2015
Family Spirocercidae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (Chabaud, 1975) (3 subfamilies, 21 genera, 79 species)
Subfamily Ascaropsinae Alicata & McIntosh, 1933 (9 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Ascaropsini Alicata & McIntosh, 1933 *
Subtribe Ascaropsinii Alicata & McIntosh, 1933 *
Genus Ascarops Van-Beneden, 1873 (9 species)
Genus Leiuris Leuckart, 1850 (3 species)
Genus Paraleiuris Vaz & Pereira, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Physocephalus Diesing, 1861 (9 species)
Genus Pygarginema Kadenatsy, 1948 (2 species)
442 Created as a subfamily by Hall (1916).

Genus Simondsia Cobbold, 1864 (2 species)
Genus Spirosprattus Smales, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Streptopharagus Blanc, 1912 (11 species)
Genus Tejeraia Diaz-Ungria, 1963 (1 species)
Subfamily Mastophorinae Quentin, 1970 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Mastophorini Quentin, 1970 *
Subtribe Mastophorinii Quentin, 1970 *
Genus Mastophorus Diesing, 1853 (4 species)
Subfamily Spirocercinae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (11 genera, 36 species)
Tribe Spirocercini Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Subtribe Spirocercinii Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Genus Cyathospirura Baylis, 1934 (6 species)
Genus Cylicospirura Vevers, 1922 (10 species)
Subgenus Cylicospirura Vevers, 1922 (6 species)
Subgenus Gastronodus S N Singh, 1934 (2 species)
Subgenus Skrjabinocercina Matschulsky, 1952 (2 species)
Genus Didelphonema Wolfgang, 1953 (1 species)
Genus Mazzia Khalil & Vogelsang, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Neospirocerca Johnson, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Paraspiralatus Gibbons, Nicholls, Bailey & Samour, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Spiralatus Chabaud, Brygoo & Durette, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Spirobakerus Chabaud & Bain, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Spirocerca Railliet & Henry, 1917 (10 species)
Species vulpis Rojas, Sanchis-Monsonis, Alic, Hodzic, Otranto, Yasur-Landau,
Martinez-Carrasco & Baneth 2018
Genus Texicospirura Chitwood & Cordero-De-Campillo, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Vigisospirura Petrow & Potekhina, 1953 (2 species)
Family Hartertiidae Quentin, 1970 (Chabaud, 1975) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 11 species)
Subfamily Hartertiinae Quentin, 1970 (2 genera, 11 species)
Tribe Hartertiini Quentin, 1970 *
Subtribe Hartertiinii Quentin, 1970 *
Genus Alainchabaudia Mawson, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Hartertia Seurat, 1914 (10 species)
Family Tricheilidae Wang & Wang, 1991 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Tricheilinae Wang & Wang, 1991 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Tricheilini Wang & Wang, 1991 *
Subtribe Tricheilinii Wang & Wang, 1991 *
Genus Tricheilia Wang & Wang, 1991 (1 species)
Superfamily Habronematoidea Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (Anderson, Chabaud & Wilmott, 1974) (4 families, 8
Family Cystidicolidae Skryabin, 1946 (Skryabin, Shikhobalova & Sobolev, 1949) (1 subfamily, 22 genera,
192 species) 444
Subfamily Cystidicolinae Skryabin, 1946 (22 genera, 192 species)
Tribe Cystidicolini Skryabin, 1946 *
Subtribe Cystidicolinii Skryabin, 1933 *
Genus Ascarophis Van-Beneden, 1871 (47 species)
Species morronei Aguilar-Aguilar, Ruiz-Campos, Martorelli, Montes & Martinez-
Aquino, 2019
443 This superfamily should be designated Tetrameroidea because the family Tetrameridae Travassos 1914 has priority over Hedrurinae
Railliet 1916, and Histiocephalinae Gendre 1922, and Habronematinae Chitwood & Wehr 1932 (Chabaud 1974). However, to preserve stabil-
ity and because the other families are unusual for the group, Habronematoidea was chosen as the name for the group (Chabaud 1974).
444 Created as a subfamily by Skryabin (1946).

Species scatophagi Moravec, Yooyen & Sanprick, 2018
Genus Caballeronema Margolis, 1977 (2 species)
Genus Comephoronema Layman, 1933 (7 species)
Species muthpapillatum Pereira, Pereira & Luque, 2014
Genus Crenatobronema Solovjeva, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Cristitectus Petter, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Ctenascarophis Mamaev, 1968 (2 species)
Genus Cyclozone Dogiel, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Cystidicola Fischer, 1798 (9 species)
Genus Cystidicoloides Skinker, 1931 (7 species)
Genus Dogielophis Doweld, 2016 (1 species) 445
Genus Mastigospirura Machida & Syahailatua, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Metabronema Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (6 species)
Genus Moravecnema Justine, Cassone & Petter, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Neospinitectus Kalyankar, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Parascarophis Campana-Rouget, 1955 (4 species)
Genus Prospinitectus Petter, 1979 (2 species)
Genus Pseudascarophis Ko, Margolis & Machida, 1985 (4 species)
Genus Pseudoproleptus Khera, 1953 (11 species)
Genus Salvelinema Trofimenko, 1962 (2 species)
Genus Similascarophis Munoz, Gonzalez & George-Nascimento, 2004 (2 species)
Genus Spinitectoides Petter, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Spinitectus Fourment, 1883 (79 species)
Species aguapeienensis Acosta, Gonzalez-Solis & Da-Silva, 2017
Species gabata Poinar, Weinstein, Garcia-Vedrenne & Kuris, 2014
Species palmyraensis Gonzalez-Solis, Soler-Jiminez, Leopoldina, McLaughlin,
Shaw, James, Hechinger, Kuris, Lafferty & Vidal-Martinez,
2019
Species mixtecoensis Barrios-Gutierrez, Santacruz, Martinez-Ramirez, Rubio-
Godoy & Pinacho-Pinacho, 2019
Family Hedruridae Petter, 1971 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 20 species)
Subfamily Hedrurinae Petter, 1971 * (1 genus, 20 species)
Tribe Hedrurini Petter, 1971 *
Subtribe Hedrurinii Petter, 1971 *
Genus Hedruris Nitzsch, 1812 (20 species)
Species bifida Rossin & Timi, 2016
Species dratini Palumbo, Servian, Sanchez & Diaz, 2019
Species lutjanenses Ramadan, Awad & Taha, 2014
Species wogwogensis Jones & Renasco, 2016
Family Habronematidae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (Ivashkin, 1961) (3 subfamilies, 21 genera, 163
species) 446
Subfamily Habronematinae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (14 genera, 120 species)
Tribe Habronematini Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Subtribe Habronematinii Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Genus Cheilonematodum Johnston & Mawson, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Chitwoodspirura Chabaud & Rousselot, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Cyrnea Seurat, 1914 (28 species)
Species columbi Ghazi, Siyal, Das, Khan & Hulio, 2017
445 Replacement name for Dogielina Sobolev in Skryabin Schikhobalova & Sobolev 1950 non Bogdanowicz & Woloszynova 1949 [Fora-
minifera].
446 Habronematidae (originally created as a subfamily by Chitwood & Wehr (1932)) is used in preference to Histiocephalidae (derived from
a subfamily created by Gendre 1922) because the former is in wide use and the latter has not been used (Chabaud 1975).

Genus Dollfusnema Caballero, 1974 (2 species)
Genus Draschia Chitwood & Wehr, 1934 (1 species)
Genus Echinurioides Thwaite, 1926 (1 species)
Genus Excisa Gendre, 1928 (5 species)
Genus Gendrespirura Chabaud, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Gubernaculomeres Oshmarin & Parukhin, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Habronema Diesing, 1861 (26 species)
Genus Lispirurus Eberli, 2017 nom. nov. pro Sicarius Li, 1934 nec Sicarius Walckenaer,
1847 (Arachnida) (4 species)
Genus Metacyrnea Chabaud, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Odontospirura Wehr, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Procyrnea Chabaud, 1958 (46 species)
Species choique Bagnato, Frixone, Digiana & Cremonte, 2018
Subfamily Histiocephalinae Gendre, 1922 (5 genera, 33 species)
Tribe Histiocephalini Gendre, 1922 *
Subtribe Histiocephalinii Gendre, 1922 *
Genus Hadjelia Seurat, 1916 (12 species)
Genus Histiocephalus Diesing, 1851 (4 species)
Genus Stellocaronema Gilbert, 1930 (4 species)
Genus Torquatoides Williams, 1929 (5 species)
Genus Viguiera Seruat, 1913 (8 species)
Subfamily Parabronematinae Skryabin, 1941 (2 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Parabronematini Skryabin, 1941 *
Subtribe Parabronematinii Skryabin, 1941 *
Genus Okapinema Ivaschkin, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Parabronema Baylis, 1921 (9 species)
Family Tetrameridae Travassos, 1914 (3 subfamilies, 6 genera, 113 species)
Subfamily Crassicaudinae Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (2 genera, 13 species)
Tribe Crassicaudini Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Subtribe Crassicaudinii Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Genus Crassicauda Leiper & Atkinson, 1914 (12 species)
Genus Placentonema Gubanov, 1951 (1 species)
Subfamily Geopetitiinae Chabaud, 1951 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Geopetitiini Chabaud, 1951 *
Subtribe Geopetitiinii Chabaud, 1951 *
Genus Geopetitia Chabaud, 1951 (4 species)
Subfamily Tetramerinae Travassos, 1914 (3 genera, 96 species)
Tribe Tetramerini Travassos, 1914 *
Subtribe Tetramerinii Travassos, 1914 *
Genus Microhadjelia Jogis, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Microtetrameres Travassos, 1915 (28 species)
Subgenus Gubernacules Rasheed, 1960 (2 species)
Subgenus Microtetrameres Travassos, 1915 (26 species)
Genus Tetrameres Creplin, 1846 (67 species)
Subgenus Gynaecophila Gubanov, 1950 (5 species)
Subgenus Petrowimeres Tschertkowa, 1953 (5 species)
Subgenus Tetrameres Creplin, 1846 (57 species)
Species salina Nunez, Drago, Digiani & Lunashi, 2017
Superfamily Acuarioidea Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (Sobolev, 1949) (1 family, 3 subfamilies, 39 genera,
322 species)
Family Acuariidae Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (Chabaud, 1975) (3 subfamilies, 39 genera, 322
species)

Subfamily Acuariinae Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (22 genera, 226 species)
Tribe Acuariini Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 *
Subtribe Acuariinii Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 *
Genus Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (56 species)
Species europaea Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev, 2017
Genus Chandleronema Little & Ali, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Cheilospirura Diesing, 1861 (12 species)
Genus Chevreuxia Seurat, 1918 (5 species)
Genus Chordatortilis Mendonca & Rodrigues, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Chordocephalus Alegret, 1941 (5 species)
Genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (10 species)
Genus Deliria Vicente Magalhaes, Pinto & Noronha, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Desportesius Chabaud & Campana, 1949 (10 species)
Genus Echinuria Soloviev, 1912 (12 species)
Genus Paracuaria Krishna-Rao, 1951 (4 species)
Genus Pectinospirura Wehr, 1933 (3 species)
Genus Pseudoaviculariella Gupta & Jehan, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Sexansocara Sobolev & Sudarikov, 1939 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinocerca Schikhoblaova, 1930 (5 species)
Genus Skrjabinoclava Sobolev, 1943 (33 species)
Genus Stammerinema Osche, 1955 (5 species)
Species hyalinum (Linstow, 1890) Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev, 2015
syn Filaria hyalina (Linstow, 1890) Osche, 1955
Genus Syncuaria Gilbert, 1927 (12 species)
Genus Synhimantus Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (46 species)
Subgenus Dispharynx Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (19 species)
Species jamshorensis Chandio, Dharejo, Khan & Naz, 2016
Subgenus Synhimantus Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (27 species)
Genus Voguracuaria Wong & Anderson, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Willmottia Mawson, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Xenocordon Mawson, 1982 (1 species)
Subfamily Schistorophinae Travassos, 1918 (5 genera, 51 species)
Tribe Schistorophini Travassos, 1918 *
Subtribe Schistorophinii Travassos, 1918 *
Genus Ancyracanthopsis Diesing, 1861 (8 species)
Genus Quasithelazia Maplestone, 1932 (19 species)
Species alata Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev, 2014
Species halcyon (Ryzhikov & Khokhlova, 1964) Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev,
2014
syn Viktorocara halcyoni Ryzhikov & Khokhlova, 1964
Species minuta Mutafchiev, 2016
Species microcordonis (Schmidt & Kuntz, 1971) Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev,
2014
syn Rusguniella microcordonis Schmidt & Kuntz, 1971
Species multipapillata (Zhang, 1993) Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev, 2014
syn Schistogendra multipapillata Zhang, 1993
Species pearsoni Mutafchiev, 2016
Species rostrata Mutafchiev Mariaux & Georgiev, 2014
Genus Schistorophus Railliet, 1916 (7 species)
Genus Sciadiocara Skryabin, 1916 (8 species)
Genus Viktorocara Guschanskaja, 1950 (9 species)
Subfamily Seuratiinae Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 (12 genera, 45 species)

Tribe Seuratiini Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Subtribe Seuratiinii Chitwood & Wehr, 1932 *
Genus Antechiniella Quentin & Beveridge, 1986 (4 species)
Species septentrionalis Ivanova Dokuchaeve & Spiridonov, 2019
Genus Aviculariella Wehr, 1931 (4 species)
Genus Cyclopsinema Cobb, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Ingliseria Gibson, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Molinacuaria Wong & Lankester, 1985 (3 species)
Genus Proyseria Petter, 1959 (5 species)
Species alcedonis (Puqin, Yanyin & Guocal, 1991) Mutafchiev, Mariaux &
Georgiev, 2014
syn Stegophorus alcedonis Puqin, Yanyin & Guocal, 1991
Species petterae Mutafchiev, Mariaux & Georgiev, 2014
Genus Pseudohaplonema Wang, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Rusguniella Seurat, 1919 (4 species)
Genus Seuratia Skryabin, 1916 (3 species)
Genus Stegophorus Wehr, 1934 (5 species)
Genus Streptocara Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (11 species)
Genus Tikusnema Hasegawa, Shiraishi & Rochma, 1992 (3 species)
Superfamily Filarioidea Weinland, 1858 (Chabaud & Anderson, 1959) (2 families, 7 subfamilies, 105 genera,
815 species)
Family Filariidae Weinland, 1858 (Cobbold, 1879) (2 subfamilies, 14 genera, 78 species)
Subfamily Filariinae Weinland, 1858 (13 genera, 66 species)
Tribe Filariini Weinland, 1858 *
Subtribe Filariinii Weinland, 1858 *
Genus Bhalfilaria Bhalerao & Krishna-Rao, 1944 (1 species)
Genus Cascofilaria Poinar, 2011 (6 species) 447
Species baltica Poinar, 2011
Species parva Poinar, 2011
Genus Dirofilarionema Sonin, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Filaria Mueller, 1787 (44 species)
Genus Indofilaria Alwar, Seneviratna & Gopal, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Paracanthocheilonema Vladimirov in Bulginskaya, Vladimirov & Markov, 1959 (1
species)
Genus Parafilaria Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (5 species)
Genus Parasaurositus Gupta & Johri, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Pseudodiomedenema Gupta & Johri, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Pseudofilaria Sandground, 1936 (2 species)
Genus Struthiofilaria Noda & Nagata, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Suifilaria Ortlepp, 1937 (1 species)
Genus Tricheilonema Diesing, 1861 (1 species)
Subfamily Stephanofilariinae Wehr, 1935 (1 genus, 12 species)
Tribe Stephanofilariini Wehr, 1935 *
Subtribe Stephanofilariinii Wehr, 1935 *
Genus Stephanofilaria Ihle & Ihle-Landenberg, 1933 (12 species)
Family Onchocercidae Leiper, 1911 (Chabaud & Anderson, 1959) (5 subfamilies, 91 genera, 737
species) 448 449
447 Fossil, Burmese and Dominican amber.

448 Created as a subfamily by Leiper (1911). Onchocercidae is preferred to Dipelonematidae Wehr 1935 because the former is in wide use
and the latter is not.
449 Classification reflects latest molecular analysis by Lefoulon et al. (2015).

Subfamily Lemdaninae Seurat, 1917 (6 genera, 42 species)
Tribe Lemdanini Seurat, 1917 *
Subtribe Lemdaninii Seurat, 1917 *
Genus Aproctiana Skryabin, 1934 (4 species)
Genus Chiropterofilaria Yeh Symes & Mataika, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Eufilaria Seurat, 1921 (17 species)
Genus Lemdana Seurat, 1917 (12 species)
Genus Sarconema Wehr, 1939 (5 species)
Genus Saurositus Macfie, 1924 (3 species)
Subfamily Oswaldofilariinae Chabaud & Chocquet, 1953 (12 genera, 72 species),450
Tribe Oswaldofilariini Chabaud & Chocquet, 1953 *
Subtribe Oswaldofilariinii Chabaud & Chocquet, 1953 *
Genus Befilaria Chabaud, Anderson & Brygoo, 1959 (2 species)
Genus Conispiculum Pandit, Pandit & Iyer, 1929 (3 species)
Genus Gonofilaria Mullin, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Oswaldofilaria Travassos, 1933 (11 species)
Species acanthosauri Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2015
Species lanfrediae Larrat, De-Vasconcelas-Melo, Furo-Gomez, Wilkens & Dos-
Santos, 2018
Genus Piratuba Freitas & Lent, 1941 (6 species)
Genus Piratuboides Bain & Sulahian, 1974 (3 species)
Genus Solafilaria Chabaud, Anderson & Brygoo, 1959 (5 species)
Tribe Icosiellini Anderson, 1958 * 451
Subtribe Icosiellinii Anderson, 1958 *
Genus Icosiella Seurat, 1917 (7 species)
Tribe Waltonellini Bain & Prod’hon, 1974 * 452
Subtribe Waltonellinii Bain & Prod’hon, 1974 *
Genus Foleyellides Caballero, 1935 (16 species)
Species mayenae Romero-Mayen & Leon-Regagnon, 2016
Species rhinellae Garcia-Prieto, Ruiz-Torres, Osorio-Sarabia & Merlo-Serna, 2014
Genus Madochotera Bain & Brunhes, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Ochoterenella Caballero, 1944 (16 species)
Genus Paramadochotera Esslinger, 1986 (1 species)
Subfamily Onchocercinae Lieper, 1911 (44 genera, 306 species)
Tribe Dirofilariini Sandground, 1921 * 453
Subtribe Dirofilariinii Sandground, 1921 *
Genus Bostrichodera Sandground, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Dirofilaria Railliet & Henry, 1910 (47 species)
Genus Dirofilariaeformia Lubimov, 1935 (1 species)
Genus Edesonfilaria Yeh, 1960 (2 species)
Genus Macacanema Schad & Anderson, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinodera Gnedina & Vsevolodov, 1947 (3 species)
Genus Tawila Khalil, 1932 (14 species)
Tribe Onchocercini Leiper, 1911 *
Subtribe Onchocercinii Leiper, 1911 *
Genus Loxodontofilaria Berghe & Gillain, 1939 (13 species) 454
450 Placed in Filaroidea by Anderson & Bain (1976), but placed here on the basis of multi-gene evidence presented by Lefeulon et al.
(2015).
451 Described as a subfamily by Anderson (1958).
452 Described as a subfamily by Bain & Prod'hon (1974).
453 Described as a subfamily by Sandground (1921).
454 Molecular evidence places this as a sister group to Onchocerca and related genera (Lefoulon et al. 2015), whereas morphology suggests

Subgenus Molinema Freitas & Lent, 1939 (8 species)
Subgenus Orihelia Chabaud & Bain, 1976 (5 species)
Genus Onchocerca Diesing in Hermann, 1841 (37 species)
Species takaokai Uni, Fukuda, Agatsuma, Bain, Otsuka, Nakatani, Matsubayashi,
Harada, Omar, Ramli, Hashim, Azirun & Takaoka, 2015
Tribe Dipetalonematini Wehr, 1935 * 455
Subtribe Dipetalonematinii Wehr, 1935 *
Genus Dipetalonema Diesing, 1861 (38 species)
Subgenus Alafilaria Yates & Jorgenson, 1983 (2 species)
Subgenus Dasypafilaria Eberhard, 1982 (1 species)
Subgenus Dipetalonema Diesing, 1861 (35 species)
Subtribe Acanthochielonemini Faust, 1939 456 457
Genus Acanthocheilonema Cobbold, 1870 (12 species) 458
Genus Ackertia Vaz, 1934 (4 species)
Genus Agamofilaria Stiles, 1907 (2 species)
Genus Andersonfilaria Bartlett & Bain, 1987 (2 species)
Genus Bisbalia Bain & Guerrero, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Cercopithifilaria Eberhard, 1980 (25 species)
Genus Chabfilaria Bain, Dedet & Purnom, 1983 (2 species)
Genus Cherylia Bain, Petit, Jacquet, Viallet & Houin, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Courduriella Chabaud, Brygoo & Petter, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Cruorifilaria Eberhard, Morales & Orihel, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Cystofilaria Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 (1 species)
Genus Dessetfilaria Bartlett & Bain, 1987 (2 species)
Genus Elaeophora Railliet & Henry, 1912b (4 species)
Genus Filarissima Chabaud, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Fuscicorpa Wehr, 1936 (1 species)
Genus Josefilaria Moorhouse, Bain & Wolf, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Litomosa Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (17 species)
Genus Litomosoides Chandler, 1931 (40 species)
Species ysoguazu Notarnicola & De-La-Sancha, 2015
Genus Loaina Eberhard & Orihel, 1984 (2 species)
Genus Macdonaldius Khanna, 1933 (4 species)
Genus Microfilaria Cobbold, 1882 (6 species)
Genus Migonella Lent, Freitas & Proenca, 1946 (1 species)
Genus Molossinema Georgi, Georgi, Jiang & Frongillo, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Monanema Anteson, 1968 (4 species)
Genus Paraochoterenella Purnomo & Bangs, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Paraprocta Maplestone, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Paulianfilaria Chabaud, Petter & Golvan, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Pseudolitomosa Yamaguti, 1941 (1 species)
Genus Rumenfilaria Lankester & Snider, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Serofilaria Wu & Yun in Wu, Yun, Jia, Xu & Xiao-Nin, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinofilaria Travassos, 1925 (3 species)
Genus Sprattianema nom. nov. pro Sprattia Chabaud & Bain, 1976 nec Sprattia O.
Boettger, 1883 (Mollusca, Pulmonata) (2 species)
Genus Strianema Eberhard Orihel & Campo-Aasen, 1993 (1 species)
a subgenus of Dipetalonema (Gibbons 2010). As the molecular analysis included many genes, it has been preferred.
455 Originally created as a subfamily by Wehr (1935).
456 Originally created as a family and subfamily by Faust (1939).
457 Based on molecular evidence Lefoulon et al. (2015).
458 Raised from a subgenus of Dipetalonema on molecular evidence (Lefoulon et al. 2015).

Genus Yatesia Bain Baker & Chabaud, 1982 (1 species)
Subfamily Setariinae Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (2 genera, 49 species)
Tribe Setariini Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Subtribe Setariinii Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Genus Papillosetaria Vevers, 1922 (3 species)
Genus Setaria Viborg, 1795 (46 species)
Subfamily Splendidofilariinae Chabaud & Choquet, 1953 (27 genera, 268 species)
Tribe Loaini n. tribe 459
Subtribe Loainii n. subtribe *
Genus Foleyella Seurat, 1917 (10 species)
Genus Loa Stiles, 1905 (4 species)
Genus Pelecitus Railliet & Henry, 1910 (34 species)
Tribe Splendidofilariini Chabaud & Chocquet, 1953 *
Subtribe Breinliini n. subtribe 460
Genus Breinlia Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (22 species)
Subgenus Breinlia Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (20 species)
Species jittapalapongi Veciana, Bain, Morand, Chaisiri, Douangboupha, Miquel &
Ribas, 2015
Subgenus Johnstonema Yeh, 1957 (2 species)
Genus Mansonella Faust, 1929 (29 species)
Subgenus Cutifilaria Bain & Schulz-Key, 1974 (2 species)
Subgenus Esslingeria Chabaud & Bain, 1976 (4 species)
Subgenus Filiamagutia Bain & Uni, 2011 (1 species)
Species akIitensis (Uni, 1983) Bain & Uni, 2011
Subgenus Mansonella Faust, 1929 (9 species)
Subgenus Pseudolitosoma Bain & Uni, 2011 (1 species)
Species musabi (Yamaguti, 1941) Bain & Uni, 2011
Subgenus Tetrapetalonema Faust, 1935 (11 species)
Subgenus Tupainema Eberhard & Orihel, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Sandnema Chabaud & Bain, 1976 (Bain, Mutafchiev, Junker, Guerrero, Martin,
Lefoulon & Uni, 2015) (21 species)
Subtribe Splendidofilariinii Chabaud & Chocquet, 1953 *
Genus Aproctella Cram, 1931 (13 species)
Genus Aproctoides Chandler, 1929 (3 species)
Genus Avifilaris Chapman Saunders, 1955 (2 species)
Genus Cardianema Alicata, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Cardiofilaria Strom, 1937 (9 species)
Genus Chandlerella Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (25 species)
Genus Dunnifilaria Mullin & Balasingham, 1973 (3 species)
Genus Madathamugadia Chabaud, Anderson & Brygoo, 1959 (7 species)
Genus Meningonema Orihel & Esslinger, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Micipsella Seurat, 1921 (2 species)
Genus Onchocercella Yorke & Maplestone, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Paronchocerca Peters, 1936 (12 species)
Genus Protofilaria Chandler, 1929 (1 species)
Genus Pseudlemdana Sonin & Shumilo, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Pseudothamugadia Lopez-Neyra, 1956 (1 species)
Genus Splendidofilaria Skryabin, 1923 (19 species)
Subgenus Arteriofilaria Lopez, Caballero & Jiminez-Millan, 1979 (1 species)
459 Type genus is Loa Stiles 1905. Based on molecular evidence (Lefoulon et al. 2015). Otherwise with the features of the family.
460 Type genus is Breinlia Yorke & Maplestone 1926. Based on molecular evidence (Lefoulon et al. 2015). Otherwise with the features
of the family.

Subgenus Avifilaria Lopez, Caballero & Jiminez-Millan, 1979 (1 species)
Subgenus Soninella Lopez, Caballero & Jiminez-Millan, 1979 (1 species)
Subgenus Splendidofilaria Skryabin, 1923 (16 species)
Genus Striatofilaria Lubimov, 1927 (2 species)
Genus Thamugadia Seurat, 1917 (6 species)
Tribe Wuchererini n. tribe 461
Subtribe Wuchererinii n. subtribe *
Genus Brugia Buckley, 1960 (10 species)
Subgenus Brugia Buckley, 1960 (9 species)
Subgenus Brugiella Dissanaike & Paramananthan, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Malayfilaria Uni, Mat-Udin &Takaoka in Uni, Udin, Agatsuma, Saijntha, Junker,
Ramli, Omar, Lim, Sivanandam, Lefoulon, Martin, Belabut, Kasim,
Halim, Zainuri, Bhassu, Fukuda, Matsubayashi, Harada, Low, Chen,
Suganuma, Hashim, Takaoka & Azirun, 2017 (1 species)
Species sofiani Uni, Mat-Udin &Takaoka in Uni, Udin, Agatsuma, Saijntha, Junker,
Ramli, Omar, Lim, Sivanandam, Lefoulon, Martin, Belabut, Kasim,
Halim, Zainuri, Bhassu, Fukuda, Matsubayashi, Harada, Low,
Chen, Suganuma, Hashim, Takaoka & Azirun, 2017
Genus Wuchereria Silva-Araujo, 1877 (28 species)
Superfamily Aproctoidea Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (Chabaud, 1975) (2 families, 3 subfamilies, 10 genera,
69 species)
Family Aproctidae Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1945) (2 subfamilies, 6 genera,
59 species)
Subfamily Aproctinae Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (5 genera, 57 species)
Tribe Aproctini Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Subtribe Aproctinii Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Genus Aprocta Linstow, 1883 (39 species)
Genus Hovorkonema Jurasek, 1977 (3 species)
Genus Mawsonfilaria Anderson & Chabaud, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Pseudaprocta Schikhobalova, 1930 (8 species)
Genus Squamofilaria Schmerling, 1925 (6 species)
Subfamily Tetracheilonematinae Wehr, 1935 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Tetracheilonematini Wehr, 1935 *
Subtribe Tetracheilonematinii Wehr, 1935 *
Genus Tetracheilonema Diesing, 1861 (2 species)
Family Desmidocercidae Cram, 1927 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 10 species)
Subfamily Desmidocercinae Cram, 1927 (4 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Desmidocercini Cram, 1927 *
Subtribe Desmidocercinii Cram, 1927 *
Genus Desmidocerca Skryabin, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Desmidocercella Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (4 species)
Genus Diomedenema Johnston & Mawson, 1952 (3 species)
Species tavaresi Knoff, Santos, Giese, Gomes & Silva-Sousa, 2018
Genus Skrjabinocercella Gushanskaya, 1953 (2 species)
Superfamily Diplotriaenoidea Skryabin, 1916 (Anderson, 1958) (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 13 genera, 111
species)
Family Diplotriaenidae Skryabin, 1916 (Anderson, 1958) (2 subfamilies, 13 genera, 111 species)
Subfamily Dicheilonematinae Wehr, 1935 (8 genera, 41 species)
Tribe Dicheilonematini Wehr, 1935 *
Subtribe Dicheilonematinii Wehr, 1935 *
461 Type genus is Wuchereria Silva-Araujo 1877. Based on molecular evidence (Lefoulon et al. 2015). Otherwise with the features of
the family.

Genus Dicheilonema Diesing, 1861 (10 species)
Genus Hamatospiculum Skryabin, 1916 (9 species)
Genus Hastospiculum Skryabin, 1923 (8 species)
Genus Heterospiculum Schigin, 1951 (2 species)
Genus Monopetalonema Diesing, 1861 (3 species)
Genus Petrovifilaria Sonin, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Serratospiculoides Sonin, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Serratospiculum Skryabin, 1915 (7 species)
Subfamily Diplotriaeninae Skryabin, 1916 (5 genera, 70 species)
Tribe Diplotriaenini Skryabin, 1916 *
Subtribe Diplotriaeninii Skryabin, 1916 *
Genus Chabaudiella Diaz-Ungria, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Diplotriaena Railliet & Henry in Henry & O'Zoux, 1909 (65 species)
Species passeri Chandio, Dharejo, Naz & Khan, 2015
Species saheefi Soomro, Ghachal, Yusuf & Narejo, 2016
Genus Quadriplotriaena Wehr, 1939 (2 species)
Genus Spinodiplotriaena Kalyankar & Palladwar, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Versternema Bain, Chabaud & Burger, 1992 (1 species)
Superfamily Lucionematoidea Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 (Hodda, 2011) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1
genus, 1 species) 462
Family Lucionematidae Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Lucionematinae Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Lucionematini Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 *
Subtribe Lucionematinii Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 *
Genus Lucionema Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998 (1 species)
Suborder Dracunculina Hodda, 2007 (2 superfamilies, 8 families, 13 subfamilies, 40 genera, 325 species) 463
Superfamily Dracunculoidea Stiles, 1907 (Cameron, 1934) (7 families, 12 subfamilies, 38 genera, 320
species)
Family Daniconematidae Moravec & Koie, 1987 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 4 species)
Subfamily Daniconematinae Moravec & Koie, 1987 * (3 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Daniconematini Moravec & Koie, 1987 *
Subtribe Daniconematinii Moravec & Koie, 1987 *
Genus Daniconema Moravec & Koie, 1987 (1 species)
Genus Mexiconema Moravec, Vidal & Salgado-Maldonado, 1992 (2 species)
Genus Syngnathinema Moravec, Spangenberg & Frasca, 2001 (1 species)
Family Dracunculidae Stiles, 1907 (Leiper, 1912) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 16 species) 464
Subfamily Dracunculinae Stiles, 1907 * (3 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Dracunculini Stiles, 1907 *
Subtribe Dracunculinii Stiles, 1907 *
Genus Avioserpens Wehr & Chitwood, 1934 (4 species)
Genus Dracunculus Reichard, 1759 (11 species)
Genus Lockenloia Adamson & Caira, 1991 (1 species)
Family Guyanemidae Petter, 1974 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 11 species)
Subfamily Guyaneminae Petter, 1974 (Petter, 1975) (4 genera, 11 species)
Tribe Guyanemini Petter, 1974 *
Subtribe Guyaneminii Petter, 1974 *
462 The sole species in the family Lucionematidae has an unusual suite of characters for Spirurida (Moravec et al. 1998), so is placed in a
separate superfamily.
463 The affinities of Dracunculoidea have long been with Spirurida on morphological grounds (Chabaud 1974), and were unresolved in early
molecular analyses (Holterman et al. 2006, De Ley & Blaxter 2004), when clear molecular evidence was presented it confirmed affinities with
Spirurida (Van Megen et al. 2009).
464 Created as a subfamily by Stiles (1907).

Genus Guyanema Petter, 1974 (5 species)
Genus Histodytes Aragort, Alvarez, Iglesias, Leiro & Sanmartin, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Moravecia Ribu & Lester, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Pseudodelphis Adamson & Roth, 1990 (4 species)
Species eleginopsis Moravec, Novacovsky & Hernandez-Orts, 2018
Family Micropleuridae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (Travassos, 1960) (2 subfamilies, 6 genera, 17 species)
Subfamily Micropleurinae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (5 genera, 15 species)
Tribe Micropleurini Baylis & Daubney, 1926 *
Subtribe Micropleurinii Baylis & Daubney, 1926 *
Genus Granulinema Moravec & Little, 1988 (2 species)
Genus Kamegainema Hasegawa, Doi, Araki & Miyata, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Micropleura Linstow, 1906 (7 species)
Species huchzermeyeri Junker & Mutachiev, 2017
Genus Philonema Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933 (4 species)
Genus Protenema Petter & Planelles, 1986 (1 species)
Subfamily Phlyctainophorinae Roman, 1965* (1 genus, 2 species) 465
Tribe Phlyctainophorini Roman, 1965 *
Subtribe Phlyctainophorinii Roman, 1965 *
Genus Phlyctainophora Steiner, 1921 (2 species)
Family Philometridae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (3 subfamilies, 15 genera, 258 species)
Subfamily Alineminae Moravec, 2007 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Alinemini Moravec, 2007 *
Subtribe Alineminii Moravec, 2007 *
Genus Alinema Rasheed, 1963 (1 species)
Subfamily Neophilometroidinae Moravec, Salgado, Maldonado & Aguilar-Aguilar, 2002 (1 genus, 2
species)
Tribe Neophilometroidini Moravec, Salgado, Maldonado & Aguilar-Aguilar, 2002 *
Subtribe Neophilometroidinii Moravec, Salgado, Maldonado & Aguilar-Aguilar, 2002 *
Genus Neophilometroides Moravec, Salgado, Maldonado & Aguilar-Aguilar, 2002 (2
species)
Subfamily Philometrinae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (13 genera, 255 species)
Tribe Philometrini Baylis & Daubney, 1926 *
Subtribe Philometrinii Baylis & Daubney, 1926 *
Genus Buckleyella Rasheed, 1963 (4 species)
Species ornata Moravec, Diggles, Barnes & Macbeth, 2014
Genus Barracudia Moravec & Shamsi, 2017 (4 species)
Species australiensis Moravec & Shamsi, 2017
Species philippinensis Quiazon & Yoshinaga, 2013 (Moravec & Shamsi, 2017)
syn Philometra philippinensis Quiazon & Yoshinaga, 2013 (Moravec & Shamsi,
2017)
Genus Clavinema Yamaguti, 1935 (3 species)
Genus Congerinema Moravec, Nagasawa, Nitta & Tawa, 2019 (1 species)
Species japonicum Moravec, Nagasawa, Nitta & Tawa, 2019
Genus Dentiphilometra Moravec & Wang, 2002 (3 species)
Species malabarici Moravec & Barton, 2018
Genus Dentirumai Quiazon & Moravec, 2012 (1 species)
Species philippinensis Quiazon & Moravec, 2012
Genus Digitiphilometroides Moravec & Barton, 2018 (1 species)
Species marinus (Moravec & de-Buron, 2009) Moravec & Barton, 2018
syn Philometroides marinus Moravec & De-Buron, 2009
Genus Nilonema Khalil, 1960 (2 species)
465 Originally created as a family by Roman (1965).

Genus Paraphilometroides Moravec & Shaharom-Harrison, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Philometra Costa, 1845 (192 species)
Species acanthopagri Moravec, Jassim &t Al-Salim, 2012
Species aenei Moravec Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016
Species arafurensis Moravec & Barton, 2018
Species argentimaculati Moravec & Manoharan, 2014
Species australiensis Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species austropacifica Moravec & Justine, 2014
Species barbata Ghanmi, Gonzalez-Solis & Gargauri, 2018
Species barnesi Moravec & Diggles, 2015
Species brachiri Moravec & Ali, 2014
Species carangis Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species carponotati Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species cephalopholidis Moravec & Justine, 2015
Species damriyasai Dewi & Palm, 2017
Species deborunae Moravec, Backenhaster & Adams, 2016
Species dispar Moravec, Gey &Justine, 2016
Species dissimilis Moravec & Manoharan, 2016
Species draco Ghanmi, Gonzales-Solis & Gargouri, 2018
Species epinepheli Dewi & Palm, 2013
Species fulvi Moravec & Manoharan, 2014
Species gerrei Moravec & Manoharan, 2013
Species gracilis Moravec & Barton, 2016
Species incognita Moravec, Bakenhaster & Adams, 2016
Species indica Moravec & Manoharan, 2014
Species inexpectata Moravec, Chaabane, Justine & Neifar, 2016
Species iraqiensis Moravec, Ali, Abed & Shaker, 2016
Species javaensis Moravec, Walter & Yuniar, 2012
Species johnii Moravec & Ali, 2013
Species kidakoi Moravec, Nagasawa, Nitta & Tawa, 2019
Species latispicula Moravec, Bakenhaster & Fajer-Avila, 2014
Species longispicula Moravec, Bakenhaster & Fajer-Avila, 2014
Species lobotidis Moravec, Walter & Yuniar, 2012
Species macrochin Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species mawsonae Moravec & Barton, 2018
Species megalaspidis Moravec, Ali, Abed & Shaker, 2016
Species mirabilis Moravec & Diggles, 2015
Species otolithi Moravec & Manoharan, 2013
Species ostorhinchi Moravec & Ogawa, 2019
Species papillicaudata Moravec & Barton, 2018
Species piscaria Moravec & Justine, 2014
Species protonibeae Moravec & Barton, 2015
Species psettoditis Moravec, Walter & Yuniar, 2012
Species radiata Ghanmi, Gonzales-Solis & Gargouri, 2018
Species rara Moravec, Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2017
Species selaris Moravec & Justine, 2014
Species sphyraenae Moravec & Manoharan, 2013
Species synagridis Moravec, Bakenhaster & Fajer-Avila, 2014
Species tenuis Moravec & Ogawa, 2019
Species terapontis Moravec, Gopalakrishnan, Rajkumar, Saravanakumar &
Kaliyamoorthy, 2011
Species tricornuta Moravec & Ali, 2014

Species tropica Moravec & Manoharan, 2014
Species tunisiensis Moravec, Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016
Species zabidii Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species “sp. (female)” Moravec & Barton, 2018
Species “sp. 1 (females)” Moravec, Ali, Abed & Shaker, 2016
Species “sp. 1” Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Species “sp. 2 (females)” Moravec, Ali, Abed & Shaker, 2016
Species “sp. 2” Moravec & Diggles, 2014
Genus Philometroides Yamaguti, 1935 (39 species)
Species acreanensis Cavalcante, Moravec & Santos, 2018
Species branhiarum Moravec & Barton, 2016
Species branchiostegi Moravec, Nagasawa & Nohara, 2012
Species eleutheronemae Moravec & Manoharan, 2013
Species khalili Moravec, Halajian, Tavakol, Nyagura & Luus-Powell, 2015
Species stomachus Moravec & Barton, 2016
Species tahieli Montes Plaul & Martorelli, 2016
Genus Rumai Travassos, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Spirophilometra Paruchin, 1973 (3 species)
Species endange Dewi & Palm, 2013
Family Skrjabillanidae Shigin & Shigina, 1958 (3 subfamilies, 6 genera, 13 species)
Subfamily Esocineminae Shigin & Shigina, 1958 (Moravec, 2007) (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Esocinemini Shigin & Shigina, 1958 *
Subtribe Esocineminii Shigin & Shigina, 1958 *
Genus Esocinema Moravec, 1977 (1 species)
Subfamily Skrjabillaninae Shigin & Shigina, 1958 (3 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Skrjabillanini Shigin & Shigina, 1958 *
Subtribe Skrjabillaninii Shigin & Shigina, 1958 *
Genus Kalmanmolnaria Sokolov, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Sinoichthyonema Wu in Chen, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabillanus Shigin & Shigina, 1958 (4 species)
Subfamily Travassosneminae Moravec, 2007 (2 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Travassosnemini Moravec, 2007 *
Subtribe Travassosneminii Moravec, 2007 *
Genus Ichthyofilaria Yamaguti, 1935 (5 species)
Genus Travassosnema Costa, Moreira & De-Oliveira, 1991 (1 species)
Family Tetanonematidae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Tetanonematinae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Tetanonematini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 *
Subtribe Tetanonematinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 *
Genus Tetanonema Steiner, 1937 (1 species)
Superfamily Anguillicoloidea Yamaguti, 1935 (Moravec, 2006) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 5 species)
Family Anguillicolidae Yamaguti, 1935 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 5 species)
Subfamily Anguillicolinae Yamaguti, 1935 * (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Anguillicolini Yamaguti, 1935 *
Subtribe Anguillicolinii Yamaguti, 1935 *
Genus Anguillicola Yamaguti, 1935 (1 species)
Genus Anguillicoloides Moravec & Taraschewski, 1988 (4 species)
Suborder Gnathostomatina Skryabin & Ivaschkin, 1973 (1 superfamily, 1 family, 3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 62
species) 466
Superfamily Gnathostomatoidea Railliet, 1895 (Ivaschkin, 1960) (1 family, 3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 62
species)
466 Created as order Gnathostomatata. (Skryabin & Ivaschkin 1973).

Family Gnathostomatidae Railliet, 1895 (3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 62 species)
Subfamily Ancyracanthinae Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Ancyracanthini Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Subtribe Ancyracanthinii Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 *
Genus Ancyracanthus Diesing, 1858 (4 species)
Subfamily Gnathostomatinae Railliet, 1895 (3 genera, 39 species)
Tribe Gnathostomatini Railliet, 1895 *
Subtribe Gnathostomatinii Railliet, 1895 *
Genus Echinocephalus Molin, 1858 (17 species)
Genus Gnathostoma Owen, 1836 (19 species) 467
Genus Tanqua R. Blanchard, 1904 (3 species)
Subfamily Spiroxyinae Baylis & Lane, 1920 (1 genus, 19 species)
Tribe Spiroxyini Baylis & Lane, 1920 *
Subtribe Spiroxyinii Baylis & Lane, 1920 *
Genus Spiroxys Schneider, 1866 (19 species)
Suborder Oxyurina Railliet, 1916 (2 superfamilies, 8 families, 9 subfamilies, 194 genera, 1258 species)
Superfamily Thelastomatoidea Travassos, 1929 (5 families, 5 subfamilies, 90 genera, 479 species)
Family Thelastomatidae Travassos, 1929 (1 subfamily, 42 genera, 268 species)
Subfamily Thelastomatinae Travassos, 1929 * (42 genera, 268 species)
Tribe Thelastomatini Travassos, 1929 *
Subtribe Thelastomatinii Travassos, 1929 *
Genus Aoruroides Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (7 species)
Species chubudaigaku Morffe, Garcia, Hasegawa & Carreno, 2019
Genus Aorurus Leidy, 1849 (4 species)
Genus Bilobostoma Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Blaberinema Garcia & Coy, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Blatticola Schwenck, 1926 (11 species)
Genus Blattophila Cobb, 1920 (13 species)
Species peregrinata Carreno, 2017
Genus Blazionema Kloss, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Cameronia Basir, 1948 (14 species)
Species meerutensis Singh, Rastogi & Singh, 2014
Genus Cephalobellus Cobb, 1920 (34 species)
Species orientalis Singh, Pragati & Singh, 2014
Genus Cordonicola Ali & Farooqui, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Coronostoma Rao, 1958 (8 species)
Species claireae Phillips, Bernard, Pivar, Moulton & Shelley, 2016
Genus Corpicracens Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Corydiella Rao & Rao, 1965 (2 species)
Genus Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (2 species)
Genus Davenema Mohagan & Spiridonov, 2017 (1 species)
Species obtusum Mohagan & Spiridonov, 2017
Genus Desmicola Basir, 1956 (9 species)
Species lamdongensis Sokolova, 2019
Genus Euryconema Chitwood, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Fontonema Chitwood, 1930 (1 species)
Genus Galebia Chitwood, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Galinanema Spiridonov, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Geoscaphenema Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Golovatchinema Spiridonov, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Gryllophila Basir, 1942 (10 species)
467 Including an unnamed species from pigs from Vietnam (Nguyen et al. 2019).

Species manipurensis Shanjoy, Gambhir & Mukhesh, 2015
Genus Hammerschmidtiella Chitwood, 1932 (15 species)
Species keeneyi Carreno, 2017
Species muzaffarnagarensis Kumar & Anjum, 2014
Genus Jaidenema Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Johnstonia Basir, 1966 (7 species)
Genus Leidynema Schwenck in Travassos, 1929 (12 species)
Species meerutensis Singh, Rastogi & Singh, 2014
Genus Leidynemella Chitwood & Chitwood, 1934 (4 species)
Genus Malaspinanema Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Paleothelastoma Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 468
Species tipulae Poinar, 2011
Genus Paracameronia De-Carvalho & Spiridonov, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Propharyngodon Biswas & Chakravarty, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Pseudodesmicola Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Schwenckiana Kloss, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Severianoia Schwenck, 1926 (9 species)
Genus Stauratostoma Phillips, Pivar, Sun, Moulton & Bernard, 2018 (1 species)
Species shelleyi Phillips, Pivar, Sun, Moulton & Bernard, 2018
Genus Suifunema Chitwood, 1932 (3 species)
Species peregrinatum (Carreno, 2017) Morffe, Carreno, Ozawa, Sriwati &
Hasgawa, 2019
syn Blattophila peregrinata Carreno, 2017
Genus Tetleyus Dale, 1964 (5 species)
Genus Thelastoma Leidy, 1849 (70 species)
Species vanwaerebekei Dambrosi-Orsini, Cuellar, Rondan-Duenas, Doucet & Lax,
2018
Genus Traklosia Bernard & Phillips, 2015 nom. nov. pro Robertia Travassos & Kloss, 1961
nec Robertia Boonstra, 1948 (Reptilia) (3 species)
Genus Tsuganema Jex, Schneider, Rose & Cribb, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Wetanema Dale, 1967 (2 species)
Family Travassosinematidae Rao, 1958 (1 subfamily, 10 genera, 50 species)
Subfamily Travassosinematinae Rao, 1958 * (10 genera, 50 species)
Tribe Travassosinematini Rao, 1958 *
Subtribe Travassosinematinii Rao, 1958 *
Genus Binema Travassos, 1925 (12 species)
Genus Chitwoodiella Basir, 1948 (8 species)
Species basiri Singh Rastogi & Singh, 2014
Genus Indiana Chakravarty, 1943 (3 species)
Genus Isobinema Rao, 1958 (4 species)
Genus Mirzaiella Basir, 1942 (9 species)
Genus Mohibiella Farooqui, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Pteronemella Rao, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Pulchrocephala Travassos, 1925 (2 species)
Genus Singhiella Rao, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Travassosinema Rao, 1958 (9 species)
Species claudiae Morffe & Hasegawa, 2017
Family Hystrignathidae Travassos, 1929 (1 subfamily, 28 genera, 104 species)
Subfamily Hystrignathinae Travassos, 1929 * (28 genera, 104 species)
Tribe Hystrignathini Travassos, 1929 *
Subtribe Hystrignathinii Travassos, 1929 *

Genus Anomalostoma Cordeira, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Anuronema Clark, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Artigasia Christie, 1934 (34 species)
Genus Basirella Biswas & Chakravarty, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Boraceianema Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Buzionema Kloss, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Carlosia Travassos & Kloss, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Christiella Travassos & Kloss, 1957 (3 species)
Genus Coronocephalus Cordeira, 1981 (2 species)
Genus Glaber Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (3 species)
Genus Hystrignathus Leidy, 1850 (19 species)
Genus Jibacoa Coy, Otero, Garcia & Alvarez, 1993 (2 species)
Genus Klossiella Cordeira, 1981 (3 species)
Genus Klossnema Cordeira, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Lauronema Almeida, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Lepidonema Cobb, 1898 (3 species)
Genus Longior Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (4 species)
Species alius Garcia & Coy, 1994
syn longior Morffe & Garcia, 2011 (Morffe, Garcia, Breugelmans & Adams,
2018) 469
Genus Mentecle Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (3 species)
Genus Papillabrum Kloss, 1962 (1 species)
Genus Passalidophila Van-Waerebeke, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Phalacronema Clark, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Salesia Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (2 species)
Genus Soaresnema Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Sprentia Clark, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Triumphalisnema Kloss, 1962 (3 species)
Genus Urbanonema Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (2 species)
Genus Ventelia Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Vulcanonema Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (2 species)
Genus Xyo Cobb, 1898 (5 species)
Family Protrelloididae Chitwood, 1932 (Adamson & Van-Waerebeke, 1992) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 29
species) 470
Subfamily Protrelloidinae Chitwood, 1932 (5 genera, 29 species)
Tribe Protrelloidini Chitwood, 1932 *
Subtribe Protrelloidinii Chitwood, 1932 *
Genus Napolitana Kloss, 1959 (2 species)
Genus Protrellatus Farooqui, 1970 (5 species)
Genus Protrelleta Chitwood, 1932 (4 species)
Genus Protrelloides Chitwood, 1932 (2 species)
Genus Protrellus Cobb, 1920 (16 species)
Species browni Carreno, 2018
Family Gyoeryiidae Kloss, 1958 (Adamson & Buck, 1990) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 28 species) 471
Subfamily Gyoeryiinae Kloss, 1958 (5 genera, 28 species)
469 Longior alius Garcia & Coy 1994 was proposed as a synonym of Longior longior Morffe & Garcia, 2011, despite being the junior
name.
470 Created as a subfamily by Chitwood (1932).
471 First subfamily Gyoeryiinae Kloss 1958, but with genus synonymization of genus Gyoeryia Kloss 1958 with Pseudonymus Diesing
1857 by Adamson & Van Waerebeke (1992), the name Gyoeryiinae is retained under ICZN article 40.1 which states that a family-group name
is maintained even if the type genus is synonymized, as is the case here. The first name used as a family was Pseudonymidae Adamson & Van
Waerebeke 1992, but this is more recent than Gyoeryiinae Kloss 1958 and by the principle of coordination Gyoeryiidae Kloss 1958.

Tribe Gyoeryiini Kloss, 1958 *
Subtribe Gyoeryiinii Kloss, 1958 *
Genus Itaguaiana Kloss, 1959 (2 species)
Genus Jarryella Van-Waerebeke & Remillet, 1973 (2 species)
Genus Pseudonymus Diesing, 1857 (12 species)
Genus Stegonema Travassos, 1954 (1 species)
Genus Zonothrix Todd, 1942 (11 species)
Superfamily Oxyuroidea Cobbold, 1864 (3 families, 4 subfamilies, 104 genera, 779 species)
Family Heteroxynematidae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 (2 subfamilies, 13 genera, 59 species)
Subfamily Heteroxynematinae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 (10 genera, 35 species)
Tribe Heteroxynematini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 *
Subtribe Heteroxynematinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 *
Genus Aspiculuris Schulz, 1927 (12 species)
Genus Dentostomella Schulz & Krepkogroskaja, 1932 (6 species)
Genus Dermatopallarya Skryabin, 1924 (1 species)
Genus Eudromoxyura Anderson & Prestwood, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Fastigiuris Babaev, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Heteroxynema Hall, 1916 (8 species)
Subgenus Cavioxyura Quentin, 1975 (2 species)
Subgenus Heteroxynema Hall, 1916 (4 species)
Subgenus Nadinema Hugot, 1983 (1 species)
Subgenus Proxyuronema Quentin, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Ivaschkinonema Erkulov, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Kahmannia Mas, Coma & Esteban, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Rauschoxyuris Quentin, 1975 (1 species)
Genus Syphaciella Moennig, 1923 (3 species)
Subfamily Labiostomatinae Akhtar, 1956 (3 genera, 24 species)
Tribe Labiostomatini Akhtar, 1956 *
Subtribe Labiostomatinii Akhtar, 1956 *
Genus Cephaluris Akhtar, 1947 (7 species)
Genus Dermatoxys Schneider, 1866 (9 species)
Genus Labiostomum Akhtar, 1941 (8 species)
Subgenus Eugenuris Schulz, 1948 (3 species)
Subgenus Labiostomum Akhtar, 1941 (5 species)
Family Oxyuridae Cobbold, 1864 (1 subfamily, 56 genera, 294 species)
Subfamily Oxyurinae Cobbold, 1864 * (56 genera, 294 species)
Tribe Oxyurini Cobbold, 1864 *
Subtribe Oxyurinii Cobbold, 1864 *
Genus Acanthoxyurus Sandground, 1928 (8 species)
Subgenus Acanthoxyurus Sandground, 1928 (7 species)
Subgenus Petronema Hugot, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Adelonema Mawson, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Anaspiculuris Akhtar, 1955 (1 species)
Genus Archeonema Ricci, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Auchenacantha Baylis, 1929 (2 species)
Genus Austroxyuris Johnson & Mawson, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Avilandras Skryabin & Schikhobalova in Skryabin, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Biguetius Chabaud, Petter & Golvan, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Caroloxyuris Jimenez, Ruiz & Gardner, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Citellina Prendel, 1928 (11 species)
Genus Didelphoxyuris Gardner & Hugot, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Enterobius Leach in Baird, 1853 (27 species)

Subgenus Colobenterobius Quentin, Bellerton & Krishnasamy, 1980 (14 species)
Species emodensis Hasegawa, Nautiyal, Sasaki & Huffman, 2018
Subgenus Enterobius Leach in Baird, 1853 (13 species)
Species shriveri Bolette, Cui & Rogers, 2016
Genus Evaginuris Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Furconema Gairola & Malhotra, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Gynaecometra Araujo, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Haplacis Railliet & Henry, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Helminthoxys Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937 (9 species)
Genus Heteromyoxyuris Quentin, 1973 (2 species)
Genus Hilgertia Quentin, 1973 (2 species)
Genus Hoepplius Chu, 1931 (1 species)
Genus Hoplodontophorus Turner, 1921 (1 species)
Genus Idiuoxyuris Hugot, 1988 (2 species)
Genus Lemuricola Chabaud & Petter, 1959 (9 species)
Subgenus Ingloxyuris Chabaud, Petter & Golvan, 1961 (1 species)
Subgenus Lemuricola Chabaud & Petter, 1959 (3 species)
Subgenus Madoxyuris Chabaud, Brygoo & Petter, 1965 (1 species)
Subgenus Protenterobius Inglis, 1961 (1 species)
Subgenus Rodentoxyuris Quentin, 1974 (3 species)
Genus Lepusius Farooq & Khatoon, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Lobatorobius Skryabin & Schikhobalova in Skryabin, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Macropoxyuris Mawson, 1964 (2 species)
Genus Monodelphoxyuris Guerrero & Hugot, 2003 (1 species)
Genus Neohilgertia Navone, Suriano & Pujol, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Neyrapharyngodon Calvente, 1948 (1 species)
Genus Odontogeton Allgen, 1921 (5 species)
Species coronatus Rodrigues, Furtado, Melo & Santos, 2017
Species hexaspinatus Rodrigues, Furtado, Melo & Santos, 2017
Genus Oxyuricassis Rodrigues, Furtado, Melo & Santos, 2017 (2 species)
Species coronatus Furtado, Melo & Santos, 2017
Genus Oxyuris Rudolphi, 1803 (15 species)
Genus Oxyuronema Kreis, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Paraicosiella Majumdar & Chakravarty, 1963 (1 species)
Genus Paraoxyuronema Artigas, 1937 (2 species)
Genus Paraspiculuris Akhtar, 1955 (4 species)
Genus Neoparathelandros nom. nov. pro Parathelandros Magzoub, Kasim & Shawa, 1980
nec Baylis, 1930 (1 species) 472
Genus Paraustroxyuris Mawson, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Passalurus Dujardin, 1845 (2 species)
Genus Potoroxyuris Mawson, 1964 (3 species)
Species keninupensis Hobbs & Elliot, 2016
Genus Protozoophaga Travassos, 1923 (1 species)
Genus Pseudaspiculuris Akhtar, 1955 (1 species)
Genus Rauschtineria Hugot, 1980 (2 species)
Genus Skrjabinema Werestchajin, 1926 (11 species)
Subgenus Chilocrypta Moennig, 1932 (3 species)
Subgenus Skrjabinema Werestchajin, 1926 (8 species)
Genus Skryabineandros Markov, 1962 (1 species)
Genus Subaspiculuris Akhtar, 1955 (1 species)
472 Noted as a junior homonym without resolution by Hornero & Roca (1992), accepted with original name by Spencer Jones & Gibson
(1987) and Gibbons (2010).

Genus Syphabulea Gubanov, 1964 (9 species)
Genus Syphacia Seurat, 1916 (76 species)
Subgenus Cricetoxyuris Hugot, 1988 (4 species)
Subgenus Seuratoxyuris Hugot (12 species)
Species hugoti Del-Rosario-Robles, Panisse & Teresa-Navone, 2014
Subgenus Rumbaisyphacia Dewi, Hasegawa & Asakawa, 2014 (1 species)
Species kumis Dewi, Hasegawa & Asakawa, 2014
Subgenus Segienamsyphacia Dewi, Hasegawa & Asakawa, 2014 (1 species)
Species yuniae Dewi, Hasegawa & Asakawa, 2014
Subgenus Syphacia Seurat, 1916 (50 species)
Species maxomyos Dewi, Hasegawa Fitriana & Asakawa, 2015
Species niobe Smales, 2016
Species paruromyos Dewi & Hasegawa, 2014
Species semiadii Dewi, Asakawa & Fitriana, 2014
Species taeromyos Dewi & Hasegawa, 2014
Genus Syphaciuris Skryabin & Schikhobalova in Skryabin, 1951 (1 species)
Genus Sypharista Quentin, 1971 (9 species)
Subgenus Petauxyuris Hugot, 1985 (5 species)
Subgenus Quentinema Hugot, 1985 (1 species)
Subgenus Sypharista Quentin, 1971 (3 species)
Genus Syphatineria Chabaud & Biocca, 1955 (14 species)
Subgenus Africanoxys Hugot, 1981 (3 species)
Subgenus Orientoxys Hugot, 1981 (3 species)
Subgenus Quentenora Hugot, 1981 (1 species)
Subgenus Syphatineria Chabaud & Biocca, 1955 (7 species)
Genus Tiacuatzoxyuris Jiminez, Caspeta-Mandujano & Albino-Miranda, 2019 (1 species)
Species simpsoni Jiminez, Caspeta-Mandujano & Albino-Miranda, 2019
Genus Trypanoxyuris Vevers, 1923 (22 species)
Subgenus Hapaloxyuris Inglis & Cosgrove, 1964 (4 species)
Subgenus Trypanoxyuris Vevers, 1923 (14 species)
Species cacajao Conga, Giese, Serra-Freire, Bowler & Mayor, 2016
Species multilabiatus Solorzano, Nadler & Perez-Ponce-De-Leon, 2016
Species pigrae Solorzano, Nadler & Perez-Ponce-De-Leon, 2016
Species ucaylii Conga, Giese, Serra-Freire, Bowler & Mayor, 2016
Genus Wellcomia Sambon, 1907 (13 species)
Genus Xeroxyuris Hugot, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Zenkoxyuris Quentin, 1975 (1 species)
Family Pharyngodonidae Travassos, 1920 (1 subfamily, 35 genera, 426 species)
Subfamily Pharyngodoninae Travassos, 1920 * (35 genera, 426 species)
Tribe Pharyngodonini Travassos, 1920 *
Subtribe Pharyngodoninii Travassos, 1920 *
Genus Alaeuris Thapar, 1925 (38 species)
Genus Ataronema Hasegawa, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Batracholandros Freitas & Ibañez, 1965 (4 species)
Genus Brasilnema Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Callistoura Chabaud & Petter, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Cithariniella Khalil, 1964 (4 species)
Genus Cosmoxynema Travassos, 1949 (1 species)
Genus Cosmoxynemoides Travassos, 1949 (3 species)
Genus Ctenodactylina Bernard, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Gopheruris Petter & Douglass, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Gyrinicola Yamaguti, 1938 (5 species)

Species dehradunensis Maity, Rizvi, Bursey & Chandra, 2019
Genus Hakynema Moravec & Sey, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Ichthyouris Inglis, 1962 (8 species)
Species nunani Cardenas, Fernandes, Justo & Cohen, 2019
Genus Laurotravassoxyuris Vigueras, 1938 (1 species)
Genus Mehdiella Seurat, 1918 (7 species)
Genus Neosynodontisia Moravec, Kamchoo & Pachanawan, 2015 (1 species)
Species suratthaniensis Moravec, Kamchoo & Pachanawan, 2015
Genus Okinawandros Hasegawa, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Ortleppnema Petter, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Ozolaimus Dujardin, 1845 (6 species)
Species linstowi Malysheva, 2016
Genus Paralaeuris Cuckler, 1938 (2 species)
Genus Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933 (81 species) 473
Species ayotzinapaensis Garduno-Montes, De-Oca, Mata-Lopez & Leon-
Regagnon, 2016
Species guerreroensis Bursey & Goldberg, 2015
Species galloti (Astasio-Arbiza, Zapatero-Ramos, Solera-Puertas & Gonzalez-
Santiago, 1988) De-Sousa, Jorge, Carretero, Harris, Roca & Perera,
2019
syn Thelandros galloti Astasio-Arbiza, Zapatero-Ramos, Solera-Puertas &
Gonzalez-Santiago, 1988
Species hugoi Pereira, Campiao, Luque & Tavares, 2017
Species politoedi Santos, Argolo, Santos, Rodriguez, Gonzalez, Santos & Melo,
2019
Species sanjuanensis Ramallo, Bursey, Castillo & Agosta, 2016
Species silvoi De-Araujo-Filho, Brito, Almeida, Morais & Avila2015
Species tikuinii Garduno-Montes, De-Oca, Mata-Lopez & Leon-Regagnon, 2016
Species thulini Rahimian, Pazoki & Habashi, 2014
Genus Parasynodontisia Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Parathelandros Baylis, 1930 (12 species)
Genus Pharyngodon Diesing, 1861 (45 species)
Genus Royandersonia Moravec & Van-As, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Shunyanema Hasegawa & Uchida, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinodon Inglis, 1968 (37 species) 474
Genus Spauligodon Skryabin, Schikhobalova & Lagodovskaja, 1960 (44 species)
Species occidentalis Jorge, Perera, Carriero, Harris & Roca, 2013
Species bintangensis Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2014
Species geckonis Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2016
Species papuanensi Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2017
Genus Spinoxyuris Petter, 1994 (2 species)
Genus Synodontisia Petter, Vassiliades & Troncy, 1972 (3 species)
Genus Tachygonetria Wedl, 1862 (28 species)
Genus Thaparia Ortlepp, 1933 (5 species)
Genus Thelandros Wedl, 1862 (75 species)
Subgenus Archithelandros Petter, 1966 (5 species)
Subgenus Thelandros Wedl, 1862 (69 species) 475
Species karkasensis Rahimian, Pazoki & Habashi, 2014
Genus Travnema Pereira, 1938 (2 species)
473 Following review by Velarde-Aguilar et al. (2015) and De Sousa et al. (2019), including 17 species inquirenda.
474 Species including 12 transferred from Parapharyngodon (Velade-Aguilar et al. 2015).
475 Including 12 species transferred from Parapharyngodon (Velade-Aguilar et al. 2015).

Genus Veversia Thapar, 1925 (1 species)
Suborder Ascaridina Inglis, 1983 (5 superfamilies, 18 families, 43 subfamilies, 212 genera, 2107 species)
Superfamily Ascaridoidea Baird, 1853 (Skryabin, 1915) (5 families, 14 subfamilies, 66 genera, 907 species)
Family Anisakidae Railliet & Henry, 1912b (Skryabin & Karokhin, 1945) (4 subfamilies, 18 genera, 247
species)
Subfamily Acanthocheilinae Wuelker, 1930 * (2 genera, 8 species) 476
Tribe Acanthocheilini Wuelker, 1930 *
Subtribe Acanthocheilinii Wuelker, 1930 *
Genus Acanthocheilus Molin, 1858 (3 species)
Genus Metanisakis Mozgovoi, 1951 (5 species)
Subfamily Anisakinae Railliet & Henry, 1912 (13 genera, 196 species)
Tribe Anisakini Railliet & Henry, 1912b (Chabaud, 1965) (9 genera) 477
Subtribe Anisakinii Railliet & Henry, 1912b *
Genus Agamascaris Steiner, 1924 (2 species)
Genus Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 (26 species)
Species berlandi Mattiucci, Cipriani, Webb, Paoletti, Marcer, Bellisario, Gibson &
Nascetti, 2014
syn simplex sp C
Genus Heligmus Dujardin, 1844 (1 species)
Genus Phocanema Myers, 1959 (2 species)
Genus Pseudoterranova Mosgovoy, 1950 (7 species)
Genus Pulchrascaris Vicente & Dos-Santos, 1972 (3 species)
Genus Sulcascaris Hartwich, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Terranova Leiper & Atkinson, 1914 (26 species)
Species aetoplatea (Luo, 2001) Li, Gibson & Zhang, 2016
syn Aliascaris aetoplatea Luo, 2001
Species pectinolabiata Shamsi, Barton & Xhu, 2019
Genus Viverranisakis Soota & Chaturvedi, 1971 (11 species)
Tribe Contracaecini Mozgovoi & Shakhmatova, 1971 (Sprent, 1983) (4 genera) 478)
Subtribe Contracaecinii Mozgovoi & Shakhmatova, 1971 *
Genus Contracaecum Railliet & Henry, 1912 (108 species) 479
Species microcephalum (Rudolphi, 1809) Railliet & Henry, 1912b
syn spiculigerum (Rudolphi, 1809) Railliet & Henry, 1912b partim480 (Hartwich,
1964)
Species osculatum (Rudolphi, 1802) Railliet & Henry, 1912b
syn Ascaris osculata Rudolphi, 1802
syn Phocascaris hydrurgae Johnston & Mawson, 1941 (Gibson, 2001)
syn Contracaecum antarctica Johnston, 1938 (Gibson, 2001)
Species pelagicum Johnston & Mawson, 1942
syn spheniscus Johnston & Mawson, 1942 (Garbin Diaz & Navone, 2019)
Species qudripapillatum Saad, Younis & Rabei, 2018
Species rudolphii Hartwich, 1964
syn spiculigerum (Rudolphi, 1809) Railliet & Henry, 1912b partim481 (Hartwich,
1964)
Genus Duplicaecum Majumdar & Chakravarty, 1963 (1 species)
476 Originally created as family Acantocheilidae by Wuelker (1930).

477 Original spelling Anisakinea (Chabaud 1965).
478 Original spelling Contracaecinea (Mozgovoi & Shakhmatova 1971).
479 Including a species for which the “distinct morphological features are convincing and support the presence of a new Contracaecum spe-
cies”, but without a formal description because “sufficient male specimens are lacking” (Garbin et al. 2019).
480 Reports of the species from pelicans only; reports from cormorants are C. rudolphii sensu lato, see Moravec (2009).
481 Reports of the species from cormorants only; reports from pelicans are C. microcephalum, see Moravec (2009).

Genus Galeiceps Railliet & Henry, 1912b (4 species)
Genus Phocascaris Hoest, 1932 (4 species) 482
Subfamily Goeziinae Travassos, 1919 (2 genera, 40 species)
Tribe Goeziini Travassos, 1919 *
Subtribe Goeziinii Travassos, 1919 *
Genus Amphibiogoezia Ratnamala-Rao, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Goezia Zeder, 1800 (39 species)
Subgenus Goezia Zeder, 1800 (38 species)
Subgenus Pseudogoezia Mozgovoi, 1951 (1 species)
Subfamily Pseudanisakinae Petter, Paradiznik & Radujkovic, 1991 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Pseudanisakini Petter, Paradiznik & Radujkovic, 1991 *
Subtribe Pseudanisakinii Petter, Paradiznik & Radujkovic, 1991 *
Genus Pseudanisakis Layman & Borovkova, 1926 (3 species)
Species argentiniensis Irigoita, Braicovich, Farber & Timi, 2017
Family Ascarididae Baird, 1853 (4 subfamilies, 35 genera, 432 species)
Subfamily Angusticaecinae Skryabin & Karokhin, 1945 (6 genera, 84 species)
Tribe Angusticaecini Skryabin & Karokhin, 1945 (Chabaud, 1965) (3 genera) 483
Subtribe Angusticaecinii Skryabin & Karokhin, 1945 *
Genus Amplicaecum Baylis, 1920 (17 species)
Genus Angusticaecum Baylis, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Raillietascaris Sprent, 1985 (3 species)
Tribe Ophidascaridini Hartwich, 1954 (3 genera) 484
Subtribe Ophidascaridinii Hartwich, 1954 *
Genus Hexametra Travassos, 1919 (12 species)
Genus Ophidascaris Baylis, 1921 (38 species)
Species orientalis (Wang, 1965) Sprent, 1988 485
syn Amplicaecum orientalis Wang, 1965 (Sprent, 1988)
Species wangi Li, Guo, Li & Zhang, 2014
Genus Polydelphis Dujardin, 1845 (9 species)
Subfamily Ascaridinae Baird, 1853 (18 genera, 203 species)
Tribe Ascaridini Baird, 1853 *
Subtribe Ascaridinii Baird, 1853 *
Genus Amphisakis Chakravarty & Majumdar, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Ascaris Linnaeus, 1758 (153 species)
Genus Ascarites Poinar & Boucot, 2006 (3 species) 486
Species rufferi Da-Silva, Borba, Dutra, Leles, Da-Rosa, Ferreira & Araujo, 2014
Genus Bairdascaris Sprent, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Bauruascaris Cardia, Bertini, Camossi & Letizio, 2019 (4 species) 487
482 Phocascaris Hoest 1932 was accepted as valid most recently by Gibbons (2010), and previously by Fagerholm (1991) and Hartwich
(1974), based on morphological evidence. Soleim (1984) considered the distinguishing morphological cha racters (interlabia) inconsistent,
and so formally synonymized the Phocascaris with Contracaecum. Molecular and biochemical evidence suggests Phocascaris is within
a polyphyletic genus Contracaecum Railliet & Henry 1912 (eg Mattiucci et al. 2008, Nadler et al. 2000, 2005, Nascetti et al. 1993, 1997,
Orecchia et al. 1986), while biological evidence suggests synonymy (Berland 1964). The almost certain polyphyly of the genus Contracaecum
means that the genus Phocascaris may be a valid or invalid name, depending on the monophyletic units into which the genus is divided and
the phylogenetic position and status of the type species P. phocae Hoest 1932 within the re-organized group. For this reason, Phocascaris is
retained in the current classification pro quo.
483 Originally created as Angusticaecinea (Chabaud 1965).
484 Also Ophidascaridinea (Chabaud 1965).
485 Considered a synonym of Ophidascaris piscatori by Sprent (1988), but valid by Li Gibson & Zhang (2016).
486 Fossil, known from egg only.

Species adamantensis Cardia, Bertini, Camossi & Letizio, 2019 488
Species cretacicus Cardia, Bertini, Camossi & Letizio, 2019 489
Genus Baylisascaris Sprent, 1968 (14 species)
Species potosis Tokiwa, Nakamura, Taira & Une, 2014
Species transfuga (Rudolphi, 1819)
syn Toxascaris selenarctis Wang, 1965 (Li, Gibson & Zhang, 2016)
syn Toxascaris ailuri Wu, He & Hu, 1987 (Li, Gibson & Zhang, 2016)
Species venezuelensis Perez-Mata, Garcia-Perez & Gauta-Parra, 2016
Genus Freitasascaris Sprent, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Krefftascaris Sprent, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Lagochilascaris Leiper, 1909 (5 species)
Genus Mehdiascaris Kalyankar, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Metascaris Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1950 (1 species)
Genus Paraheterotyphlum Johnston & Mawson, 1948 (2 species)
Genus Parascaris Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 (3 species)
Genus Pelicanascaris Ali & Farooqui in Singh & Tandan, 1970 (1 species)
Genus Pseudostrongyloides Kreis, 1940 (1 species)
Genus Sprentascaris Petter & Cassone, 1984 (3 species)
Genus Toxascaris Leiper, 1907 (6 species) 490
Genus Travassosascaris Sprent, 1978 (1 species)
Subfamily Multicaecinae Hartwich, 1954 (Campana-Rouget, 1960) (5 genera, 55 species) 491
Tribe Dujardinascaridini Campana-Rouget, 1960 (3 genera) 492
Subtribe Dujardinascaridinii Campana-Rouget, 1960 *
Genus Dujardinascaris Baylis, 1927 (32 species)
Species gigantea Zhao, Li, Guo & Zhang, 2015
Species mormyropsis Moravec & Jirku, 2014
Genus Hartwichia Chabaud & Bain, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Ortleppascaris Sprent, 1978 (5 species)
Species sinensis Zhao, Wang, Tu, Zhou & Wu, 2016
Tribe Multicaecini Hartwich, 1954 (Campana-Rouget, 1960) (2 genera) 493
Subtribe Multicaecinii Hartwich, 1954 *
Genus Multicaecum Baylis, 1923 (13 species)
Genus Typhlophoros Linstow, 1906 (4 species)
Species kwenae Junker & Musafchiev, 2017
Subfamily Toxocarinae Hartwich, 1954 (Osche, 1958) (6 genera, 90 species) 494
Tribe Toxocarini Hartwich, 1954 *
Subtribe Toxocarinii Hartwich, 1954 *
Genus Mariporrocaecum Sheenko, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Neoascarophis Machida, 1976 (5 species)
Species sinensis Chen, Zhang, Du & Li, 2017
Genus Paradujardinia Travassos, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Porrocaecum Railliet & Henry, 1912b (55 species)
Species parvum Li, Guo & Zhang, 2015
Genus Seuratascaris Sprent, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Toxocara Stiles in Stiles & Hassall, 1905 (27 species)

490 Extant, but DNA from Pleistocene also recorded (Petrigh et al. 2019).
491 Proposed as a family by Hartwich (1954).
492 Original spelling Dujardinascaridinea.
493 Original spelling Multicaecinea.
494 Proposed as a family by Hartwich (1954).

Family Crossophoridae Baylis, 1920 (Hartwich, 1957) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 2 species)
Subfamily Crossophorinae Baylis, 1920 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Crossophorini Baylis, 1920 *
Subtribe Crossophorinii Baylis, 1920 *
Genus Crossophorus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1828 (1 species)
Genus Dartevellenia Ezzat, 1954 (1 species)
Family Heterocheilidae Railliet & Henry, 1912b (Railliet & Henry, 1915) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 6
species) 495
Subfamily Heterocheilinae Railliet & Henry, 1912b (2 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Heterocheilini Railliet & Henry, 1912b *
Subtribe Heterocheilinii Railliet & Henry, 1912b *
Genus Heterocheilus Diesing, 1839 (2 species)
Genus Ingwenascaris Junker & Mutafchiev, 2017 (4 species)
Species sprenti Junker & Mutafchiev, 2017
Species assymetrica (Ortlepp, 1932) Junker & Mutafchiev, 2017
syn Trispiculascaris assymmetrica (Ortlepp, 1932) Sprent, 1983
syn Porrocaecum assymmetricum Ortlepp, 1932
Family Raphidascarididae Hartwich, 1954 (Fagerholm, 1990) (4 subfamilies, 9 genera, 220 species)
Subfamily Aliascarinae Kalyankar, 1971 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Aliascarini Kalyankar, 1971 *
Subtribe Aliascarinii Kalyankar, 1971 *
Genus Aliascaris Kalyankar, 1971 (2 species)
Subfamily Lappetascarinae Rasheed, 1965 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Lappetascarini Rasheed, 1965 *
Subtribe Lappetascarinii Rasheed, 1965 *
Genus Lappetascaris Rasheed, 1965 (3 species)
Subfamily Paranisakinae Hartwich, 1974 (Petter, Paradiznik & Radujkovic, 1991) (2 genera,
20 species)
Tribe Paranisakini Hartwich, 1974 (2 genera)
Subtribe Paranisakinii Hartwich, 1974 *
Genus Paranisakiopsis Yamaguti, 1941 (4 species)
Genus Paranisakis Baylis, 1923 (16 species)
Subfamily Raphidascaridinae Hartwich, 1954 (5 genera, 195 species)
Tribe Raphidascaridini Hartwich, 1954 *
Subtribe Raphidascaridinii Hartwich, 1954 *
Genus Heterotyphlum Spaul, 1927 (3 species)
Genus Hysterothylacium Ward & Magath, 1917 (122 species)
Species alatum Moravec & Justine, 2015
Species australe Shamsi, 2017
Species brucei Shamsi, 2017
Species kajikiae Shamsi, 2017
Species persicum Shamsi, Ghadam, Suthar, Mousavi, Soltani & Mirzargar, 2016
Species sphyraenae Moravec & Justine, 2015
Species gibsoni Xu, Li & Zhang, 2014
Genus Mawsonascaris Sprent, 1990 (7 species)
Species sauridae Li, Xu & Zhang, 2008 (nomen nudum Li, Gibson & Zhang, 2016)
Species vulvolacinata Shamsi Dang Zhu & Nowak, 2019
Genus Raphidascaris Railliet & Henry, 1915 (48 species)
Subgenus Ichthyascaris Wu, 1949 (11 species)
Subgenus Raphidascaris Railliet & Henry (25 species)
Species macrouri Perez-i-Garcia, Constenla, Carrasson, Montero, Soler-
495 Subfamily created by Railliet & Henry (1912).

Membrives & Gonzalez-Solis, 2015
Species wangi Li, Gibson & Zhang, 2016 nom. nov. for Raphidascaris lophii Wang
& Wu, 1991 (junior homonym of Raphidascaris lophii (Wu, 1949)
Hartwich, 1975)
Subgenus Sprentascaris Malta, Paiva, Elisei, Tavares & Pereira, 2018 (8 species)
Species andersoni Malta, Paiva, Elisei, Tavares & Pereira, 2018
Species saltaensis Ailan-Choke, Ramallo & Davies, 2017
Genus Raphidascaroides Yamaguti, 1941 (15 species)
Species moraveci Pereira, Tavares, Scholz & Luque, 2015
Superfamily Cosmocercoidea Railiet, 1916 (Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951) (3 families, 7 subfamilies, 66
Family Atractidae Railiet, 1917 (Travassos, 1920) (1 subfamily, 22 genera, 80 species) 496
Subfamily Atractinae Railliet, 1917 (22 genera, 80 species)
Tribe Atractini Railiet, 1917 *
Subtribe Atractinii Railiet, 1917 *
Genus Atractis Dujardin, 1945 (17 species)
Genus Buckleyatractis Khalil & Gibbons, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Cobboldina Leiper, 1911 (3 species)
Genus Crossocephalus Railliet, 1909 (4 species)
Genus Cyrtosomum Gedoelst, 1919 (7 species)
Genus Diceronema Gibbons, Knapp & Krecek, 1996 (1 species)
Genus Fitzsimmonsnema Petter, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Grassenema Petter, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Hippopotamenema Sagata & Buddhadeb, 2015 (1 species)
Species aliporensis Sagata & Buddhadeb, 2015
Genus Klossinemella Goncalves-Da-Costa, 1961 (4 species)
Genus Labeonema Puylaert, 1970 (6 species)
Species longispiculatum Moravec & Jirku, 2017
Genus Labiduris Schneider, 1866 (1 species)
Genus Leiperenia Khalil, 1922 (3 species)
Genus Monhysterides Baylis & Daubney, 1922 (5 species)
Genus Nouvelnema Petter, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Orientatractis Petter, 1966 (14 species)
Species brycini Gonzalez-Solis & Mariaux, 2017
Species hamabatrachos Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2014
Species longicaudata Liu & Zhang, 2018
Species mekongensis Moravec, Kamchoo & Pachanawan, 2015
Species moraveci Cavalcante, Silva, Santos, Chagas-Moutinho & Santos, 2017
Genus Paraorientatractis Gibbons, Khalil & Marinkelle, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Paratractis Gupta & Naiyer, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Podocnematractis Gibbons, Khalil & Marinkelle, 1995 (2 species)
Genus Pseudocyrtosomum Gupta & Johri, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Rhinoclemmysnema Gibbons & Platt, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Rondonia Travassos, 1919 (4 species)
Species batrachogena Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2014
Family Cosmocercidae Railiet, 1916 (Travassos, 1925) (3 subfamilies, 25 genera, 236 species)
Subfamily Austraplectaninae Baker, 1981 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Austraplectanini Baker, 1981 *
Subtribe Austraplectaninii Baker, 1981 *
Genus Austraplectana Baker, 1981 (1 species)
Subfamily Cosmocercinae Railiet, 1916 (22 genera, 228 species)
496 Created as a subfamily by Railliet (1917).

Tribe Cosmocercini Railiet, 1916 *
Subtribe Cosmocercinii Railiet, 1916 *
Genus Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 (65 species)
Species dubrajpuri Sou & Nandi, 2015
Species duttaphryni Sou, Sow & Nandi, 2014
Species hoplobactrachusia Sou, Sow & Nandi, 2018
Species nebolosa Gomez, Gomez & Sanabria, 2017
Species nordestina De-Amorim, Da-Silva, Morais, Da-Silva & Avila, 2017
Species samarensis Bursey, Goldberg, Siler & Brown, 2018
Species uaehi Falcon-Ordaz, Monks, Pulido-Flores & Rodriguez-Amador, 2014
Genus Blanusia Zapatero, Castano, Fernandez, Lopez, Martinez & Martin Rueda, 1991 (1
species)
Genus Cosmocerca Diesing, 1861 (43 species)
Species bengalensis Sou, Sow & Nandi, 2018
Species leytenensis Bursey, Goldberg, Siler & Brown, 2015
Species microhylae Sou & Nandi, 2015
Genus Cosmocercella Steiner, 1924 (10 species)
Genus Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 (34 species)
Species himalayanus Rizvi & Bursey, 2014
Species malayensis Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2015
Species qingtianensis Chen, Zhang, Nakao & Li, 2018
Species sanzorekensis Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2014
Species tonkinensis Binh, Sato & Pham, 2015
Species wuyiensis Liu, Yu, Shu, Zhao, Fang & Wu, 2019
Genus Dentinema Moravec, Chara & Shinn, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Ibrahimia Khalil, 1932 (1 species)
Genus Maracaya Diaz-Ungria, 1964 (5 species)
Genus Nemhelix Morand & Petter, 1986 (3 species)
Genus Neocosmocercella Baker & Vaucher, 1983 (5 species)
Species bakeri Dos-Santos, De-Oliviera-Rodrigues, Dos-Santos, Gonzalez & De-
Vasconcelos-Melo, 2017
Species fisherae Dos-Santos, De-Oliviera-Rodrigues, Dos-Santos-Rocha, Dos-
Santos, Gonzalez & De-Vasconcelos-Melo, 2018
Genus Neoprotozoophaga Biswas & Chakravarty, 1963 (2 species)
Genus Neosomatiana Anwar-ul-Islam, Farooq & Khanum, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Neoxysomatium Ballesteros-Marquez, 1945 (7 species)
Genus Oxysomatium Railliet & Henry, 1916 (15 species)
Genus Palaeocosmocerca Poinar, 2011 (2 species) 497
Species burmanica Poinar, 2011
Genus Paradollfusnema Baker, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Paraleptonema Wang, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Paraplesiohedruris Bursey, Goldberg & Kraus, 2012 (2 species)
Species rinse Bursey Goldberg & Kraus, 2012
Genus Parasomatium Anwar ul-Islam, Farooq & Khanum, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Pseudaplectana Yamaguti, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Raillietnema Travassos, 1927 (18 species)
Genus Schrankiana Strand, 1942 (9 species)
Species chacoensis Elizabeth, Gonzalez & Ines-Hamann, 2014
Subfamily Maxvachoniinae Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 (2 genera, 7 species)
Tribe Maxvachoniini Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 *
Subtribe Maxvachoniinii Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 *

Genus Maxvachonia Chabaud & Brygoo, 1960 (6 species)
Genus Typhlonema Kreis, 1938 (1 species)
Family Kathlaniidae Lane, 1914 (Travassos, 1918) (3 subfamilies, 19 genera, 166 species)
Subfamily Cruziinae Travassos, 1917 (2 genera, 13 species)
Tribe Cruziini Travassos, 1917 *
Subtribe Cruziinii Travassos, 1917 *
Genus Cruzia Travassos, 1917 (12 species)
Genus Pseudocruzia Wolfgang, 1953 (1 species)
Subfamily Kathlaniinae Lane, 1914 (15 genera, 147 species)
Tribe Kathlaniini Lane, 1914 *
Subtribe Kathlaniinii Lane, 1914 *
Genus Amblyonema Linstow, 1898 (1 species)
Genus Cissophyllus Railliet & Henry, 1912b (4 species)
Genus Dacnitis Dujardin, 1845 (1 species)
Genus Dacnitoides Ward & Magath, 1917 (1 species)
Genus Falcaustra Lane, 1915 (71 species)
Species congoensis Bursey, Goldberg, Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2018
Species hexapaillata (Khalil, 1962) Moravec & Scholz, 2017
syn guiersi Vassiliadis, 1973 (Moravec & Scholz, 2017)
Species malaysiaia Bursey, Goldberg & Grismer, 2014
Species tintlwini Bursey & Platt, 2018
Genus Kathlania Lane, 1914 (5 species)
Genus Megalobatrachonema Yamaguti, 1941 (8 species)
Species hainanensis Chen, Zhang & Li, 2018
Genus Myleusnema Moravec & Thatcher, 1996 (2 species)
Genus Oniscicula Schwenk, 1927 (1 species)
Genus Probstmayria Ransom, 1907 (10 species)
Genus Serradacnitis Lane, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Spectatus Travassos, 1923 (2 species)
syn Chabaudinema Diaz-Ungria, 1968 (Baker, 1980)
Genus Spironoura Leidy, 1856 (36 species)
Genus Tonaudia Travassos, 1918 (1 species)
Genus Urodelema Baker, 1981 (3 species)
Subfamily Oxyascaridinae Freitas, 1958 (2 genera, 6 species) 498
Tribe Oxyascaridini Freitas, 1958 *
Subtribe Oxyascaridinii Freitas, 1958 *
Genus Oxyascaris Travassos, 1920 (5 species)
Genus Pseudoxyascaris Uchida & Itagaki, 1979 (1 species)
Superfamily Heterakoidea Railliet & Henry, 1912b (Chabaud, 1957) (3 families, 6 subfamilies, 25 genera, 217
species)
Family Ascaridiidae Travassos, 1920 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 37 species)
Subfamily Ascaridiinae Travassos, 1920 * (1 genus, 37 species)
Tribe Ascaridiini Travassos, 1920 *
Subtribe Ascaridiinii Travassos, 1920 *
Genus Ascaridia Dujardin, 1845 (37 species)
Species nymphii Abe, Matsuo & Makino, 2015
Species muzaffarnagarensis Kumar & Sharma, 2014
Family Aspidoderidae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 (Freitas, 1956) (2 subfamilies, 7 genera, 26
species)
Subfamily Aspidoderinae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 (5 genera, 14 species)
Tribe Aspidoderini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 *
498 Synonym of Cosmocercinae (Baker & Vaucher 1985), but mostly considered valid (Chabaud 1978, Gibbons 2010).

Subtribe Aspidoderinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 *
Genus Aspidodera Railliet & Henry, 1912b (9 species)
Genus Cheloniheterakis Yamaguti, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Narsingiella Rao, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Nematomystes Sutton, Chabaud & Durette-Desset, 1980 (2 species)
Genus Sexansodera Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 (1 species)
Subfamily Lauroiinae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 (2 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Lauroiini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 *
Subtribe Lauroiinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 *
Genus Lauroia Proenca, 1938 (4 species)
Genus Paraspidodera Travassos, 1914 (8 species)
Family Heterakidae Railliet & Henry, 1912b (3 subfamilies, 17 genera, 154 species)
Subfamily Heterakinae Railliet & Henry, 1912b (11 genera, 82 species)
Tribe Heterakini Railliet & Henry, 1912b *
Subtribe Heterakinii Railliet & Henry, 1912b *
Genus Bufonerakis Baker, 1980 (2 species)
Genus Cagourakis Petter, Chermette & Vassart, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Haroldakis Inglis, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Heterakis Dujardin, 1845 (47 species)
Species equispiculis Upadhyay, 2019
Species sirawii Smales, 2016
Genus Kiwinema Inglis & Harris, 1990 (1 species)
Genus Mammalakis Inglis, 1991 (3 species)
Genus Musserakis Hasegawa, Dewi & Asakawa, 2014 (2 species)
Species sulawesiensis Hasegawa, Dewi & Asakawa, 2014
Genus Neoheterakis Kumar & Thienpont, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Odontoterakis Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1947 (6 species)
Genus Pseudaspidodera Baylis & Daubney, 1922 (2 species)
Genus Spinicauda Travassos, 1920 (16 species)
Species sumatrana Bursey, Goldberg & Harvey, 2017
Subfamily Meteterakinae Inglis, 1967 (1 genus, 34 species)
Tribe Meteterakini Inglis, 1967 *
Subtribe Meteterakinii Inglis, 1967 *
Genus Meteterakis Karve, 1930 (34 species)
Species asansolensis Sou, 2019
Species formosensis Sata, 2018
Species hurawensis Bursey, Goldberg, Siler & Brown, 2017
Species lombokensis Purwaninsih, Dewi & Nugroho, 2016
Species occidentalis Sata, 2018
Species saotomensis Junker, Mariaux, Measey & Mutafchiev, 2015
Species wonosoboensis Purwaningsih, Dewi & Hasegawa, 2015
Subfamily Spinicaudinae Travassos, 1920 (5 genera, 38 species)
Tribe Spinicaudini Travassos, 1920 *
Subtribe Spinicaudinii Travassos, 1920 *
Genus Africana Travassos, 1920 (8 species)
Genus Hatterianema Chabaud & Dollfus, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Moaciria Freitas, 1956 (5 species)
Genus Pseudostrongyluris Guerrero, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Strongyluris Mueller, 1894 (23 species)
Superfamily Subuluroidea Travassos, 1914 (Travassos, 1930) (2 families, 6 subfamilies, 14 genera, 111
species)
Family Subuluridae Travassos, 1914 (Yorke & Maplestone, 1926) (5 subfamilies, 13 genera, 109 species)

Subfamily Allodapinae Inglis, 1958 (2 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Allodapini Inglis, 1958 *
Subtribe Allodapinii Inglis, 1958 *
Genus Allodapa Diesing, 1861 (5 species)
Subgenus Allodapa Diesing, 1861 (4 species)
Subgenus Labiodapa Quentin, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Aulonocephalus Chandler, 1935 (1 species)
Subfamily Labiobulurinae Quentin, 1969 (3 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Labiobulurini Quentin, 1969 *
Subtribe Labiobulurinii Quentin, 1969 *
Genus Cyclobulura Quentin, 1977 (1 species)
Genus Labiobulura Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1948 (6 species)
Species lengguruensis Purwaninsih & Smales, 2018
Genus Tarsubulura Inglis, 1958 (1 species)
Subfamily Leipoanematinae Chabaud, 1957 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Leipoanematini Chabaud, 1957 *
Subtribe Leipoanematinii Chabaud, 1957 *
Genus Leipoanema Johnston & Mawson, 1942 (1 species)
Subfamily Parasubulurinae Berghe & Vuylsteke, 1938 * (1 genus, 3 species) 499
Tribe Parasubulurini Berghe & Vuylsteke, 1938 *
Subtribe Parasubulurinii Berghe & Vuylsteke, 1938 *
Genus Parasubulura Berghe & Vuylsteke, 1938 (3 species)
Subfamily Subulurinae Travassos, 1914 (6 genera, 91 species)
Tribe Subulurini Travassos, 1914 *
Subtribe Subulurinii Travassos, 1914 *
Genus Inglisubulura Devamma, 1977 (7 species)
Genus Oxynema Linstow, 1899 (8 species)
Genus Primasubulura Inglis, 1958 (10 species)
Genus Spiruroides Cameron & Parnell, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Subulura Molin, 1860 (64 species)
Subgenus Murisubulura Quentin, 1969 (1 species)
Subgenus Subulura Molin, 1860 (62 species)
Subgenus Tepuinema Diaz-Ungria, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Travassallodapa Lopez-Neyra, 1945 (1 species)
Family Maupasinidae Lopez-Neyra, 1945 (Inglis, 1960) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species) 500
Subfamily Maupasininae Lopez-Neyra, 1945 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Maupasinini Lopez-Neyra, 1945 *
Subtribe Maupasininii Lopez-Neyra, 1945 *
Genus Maupasina Seurat, 1913 (2 species)
Superfamily Seuratoidea RaillIet, 1906 (Chabaud, Campanarouget & Brygoo, 1959) (5 families, 10
subfamilies, 41 genera, 390 species)
Family Chitwoodchabaudiidae Puylaert, 1970 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Chitwoodchabaudiinae Puylaert, 1970 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Chitwoodchabaudiini Puylaert, 1970 *
Subtribe Chitwoodchabaudiinii Puylaert, 1970 *
Genus Chitwoodchabaudia Puylaert, 1970 (1 species)
Family Cucullanidae Cobbold, 1864 (2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 264 species)
Subfamily Campanarougetiinae Le-Van-Hoa & Pham-Ngoc-Khue, 1971 (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Campanarougetiini Le-Van-Hoa & Pham-Ngoc-Khue, 1971 *
499 Proposed as a family by Berghe & Vuylsteke (1938).

500 Created as a subfamily by Lopez-Neyra (1945), but a synonym of Dubioxuridae Ortlepp 1937 which has not been used because the type
genus Duboxuris Ortlepp 1937 has been synonymized with Maupasina Seurat 1913.

Subtribe Campanarougetiinii Le-Van-Hoa & Pham-Ngoc-Khue, 1971 *
Genus Campanarougetia Le-Van-Hoa & Pham-Ngoc-Khue, 1967 (2 species)
Genus Oceanicucullanus Schmidt & Kuntz, 1969 (3 species)
Subfamily Cucullaninae Cobbold, 1864 (3 genera, 259 species)
Tribe Cucullanini Cobbold, 1864 *
Subtribe Cucullaninii Cobbold, 1864 *
Genus Cucullanus Mueller, 1777 (189 species) 501
Subgenus Cucullanus Mueller, 1777 (169 species)
Species austropacificus Moravec & Justine, 2018
Species brevicaudatus Pereira, Vieira & Luque, 2014
Species congolensis Moravec & Jirku, 2017
Species djilorensis Ndew, Diouf, Ba & Morand, 2014
Species epinepeli Moravec & Justine, 2017
Species egyptae Abdel-Ghaffar, Bashtar, Abdel-Gaber, Morsy, Mehlhorn, Al-
Quraishy & Mohammed, 2014
Species gastrophysi Vieira, Pereira, Pantoja, Soares, Pereira, Timi, Scholz & Luque,
2015
Species gymnothoracis Moravec & Justine, 2018
Species hainanensis Xu, Zhang & Li, 2014
Species incognitus Moravec & Justine, 2018
Species marajoana Da-Silva-Pinheiro, Sousa-Santana, Monks, Dos-Santos &
Giese, 2018
Species mormyri Moravec & Scholz, 2017
Species opisthporus Pereira & Luque, 2017
Species protrudens Vieira, Pereira, Pantoja, Soares, Pereira, Timi, Scholz & Luque,
2015
Species pseudopercis Vieira, Pereira, Pantoja, Soares, Pereira, Timi, Scholz &
Luque, 2015
Species tucunarensis Lacerda, Takemoto, Marchiori, Martins & Pavanelli, 2015
Subgenus Pakdacnitis Akram, Mujib, Bilqees & Khatoon, 1997 (4 species)
Genus Dichelyne Jaegerskioeld, 1902 (63 species)
Subgenus Cucullanellus Tornquist, 1931 (25 species)
Species bodliani Moravec & Justine, 2019
Species lothari Cerna, Torres & Silva, 2019
Species romani Isbert, Esteban-Montero, Carrasson & Gonzalez-Solis, 2015
Species tornquisti Paschoal, Vieira, Cezar & Luque, 2014
Subgenus Dichelyne Jaegerskioeld, 1902 (25 species) 502
Species breviculus Li, Xu & Zhang, 2014
Species diplocaecum Chandler, 1935
syn mexicanus Caspeta-Mandujano, Moravec & Salgado-Maldonado, 1999
Species spinigerus Moravec, Khosheghbal & Pazooki, 2014
Subgenus Neocucullanellus Yamaguti, 1941 (6 species)
Genus Truttaedacnitis Petter, 1974 (7 species) 503
Family Quimperiidae Gendre, 1928 (Baylis, 1930) (2 subfamilies, 17 genera, 74 species)
Subfamily Omelinae Sobolev, 1949 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Omelini Sobolev, 1949 *
501 The genus Cucullanus is not monophyletic according to molecular evidence, but no taxonomic proposals regarding these conclusions
have yet been published (Choudhury & Nadler 2016).
502 The genus Dichelyne is not monophyletic according to molecular evidence, but no taxonomic proposals regarding these conclusions
have yet been published (Choudhury & Nadler 2016).
503 The genus Truttaedacnitis is not monophyletic, with T. heterodonti having other affinities which were not clear according to molecular
evidence, but no taxonomic proposals regarding these conclusions have yet been published (Choudhury & Nadler 2016).

Subtribe Omelinii Sobolev, 1949 *
Genus Omeia Hsu, 1933 (3 species)
Subfamily Quimperiinae Gendre, 1928 (16 genera, 71 species)
Tribe Quimperiini Gendre, 1928 *
Subtribe Quimperiinii Gendre, 1928 *
Genus Buckleynema Ali & Singh, 1954 (7 species)
Genus Desmognathinema Baker, Goater & Esch, 1987 (3 species)
Genus Ezonema Boyce, 1971 (2 species)
Genus Gendria Baylis, 1930 (7 species)
syn Chabaudus Inglis & Ogden, 1965 (Moravec & Jirku, 2017)
Species alaini (Alfonso-Roque, 1981) Moravec & Jirku, 2017
syn Chabaudus alaini Alfonso-Roque, 1981 (Moravec & Jirku, 2017)
Species chabaudi (Inglis & Ogden, 1965) Moravec & Jirku, 2017
syn Chabaudus chabaudi Inglis & Ogden, 1965 (Moravec & Jirku, 2017)
Species dahradunensis (Rizvi, Bursey & Maity, 2016) Moravec & Jirku, 2017
syn Chabaudus dahradunensis Rizvi, Bursey & Maity, 2016 (Moravec & Jirku,
2017)
Species longispiculata Moravec & Jirku, 2017
Species sangahaensis Moravec & Jirku, 2017
Species thysi (Puylaert, 1970) Moravec & Jirku, 2017
syn Chabaudus thysi Puylaert, 1970 (Moravec & Jirku, 2017)
Species williamsi (Puylaert, 1970) Moravec & Jirku, 2017
syn Chabaudus williamsi Puylaert, 1970 (Moravec & Jirku, 2017)
Genus Gibsonnema Moravec, Salgado-Maldonado & Aguilar-Aguilar, 2002 (2 species)
Genus Haplodidentus Naidu & Thakare, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Haplonema Ward & Magath, 1917 (7 species)
Genus Neoomeia Yin & Zhang, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Neoparaseuratum Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1992 (1 species)
Genus Paraquimperia Baylis, 1934 (6 species)
Genus Paraseuratoides Wang, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Paraseuratum Johnston & Mawson, 1940 (2 species)
Genus Pingus Hsu, 1933 (25 species)
Genus Quimperia Gendre, 1928 (1 species)
Genus Subulascaris Freitas & Dobbin, 1957 (4 species)
Genus Touzeta Petter, 1987 (1 species)
Family Schneidernematidae Freitas, 1956 (2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 7 species)
Subfamily Inglisonematinae Freitas, 1956 (Mawson, 1968) (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Inglisonematini Freitas, 1956 *
Subtribe Inglisonematinii Freitas, 1956 *
Genus Inglisonema Mawson, 1968 (2 species)
Genus Madelinema Schmidt & Kuntz, 1971 (1 species)
Subfamily Schneidernematinae Freitas, 1956 (3 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Schneidernematini Freitas, 1956 *
Subtribe Schneidernematinii Freitas, 1956 *
Genus Ascaroterakis Vicente, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Morgascaridia Inglis, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Schneidernema Travassos, 1927 (2 species)
Family Seuratidae RaillIet, 1906 (3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 44 species)
Subfamily Echinonematinae Inglis, 1967 (3 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Echinonematini Inglis, 1967 *
Subtribe Echinonematinii Inglis, 1967 *
Genus Inglechina Chabaud, Seureau, Beveridge, Bain & Durette-Desset, 1980 (2 species)

Genus Linstowinema Smales, 1997 (13 species)
Genus Seurechina Chabaud, Seureau, Beveridge, Bain & Durette-Desset, 1980 (3 species)
Subfamily Seuratinae RaillIet, 1906 (Hall, 1916) (8 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Seuratinini RaillIet, 1906 *
Subtribe Seuratininii RaillIet, 1906 *
Genus Bainechina Smales, 1999 (1 species)
Genus Chabaudechina Smales, 1999 (2 species)
Genus Durettechina Smales, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Luzonema Rodrigues, Varela, Rodrigues & Cristofaro, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Monovaria Khera, 1953 (1 species)
Genus Seuratum Hall, 1916 (8 species)
Genus Skrjabinura Gnedina, 1933 (3 species)
Genus Stelmioides Antonucci, 1929 (1 species)
Subfamily Skryabinelaziinae Chabaud, Campana-Rouget & Brygoo, 1959 (2 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Skryabinelaziini Chabaud, Campana-Rouget & Brygoo, 1959 *
Subtribe Skryabinelaziinii Chabaud, Campana-Rouget & Brygoo, 1959 *
Genus Rabbium Chitwood, 1960 (1 species)
Genus Skrjabinelazia Sypliaxov, 1930 (7 species)
Order Rhigonematida (1 suborder, 2 superfamilies, 6 families, 6 subfamilies, 31 genera, 230 species) 504
Suborder Rhigonematina Inglis, 1983 (2 superfamilies, 6 families, 6 subfamilies, 31 genera, 230 species)
Superfamily Rhigonematoidea Artigas, 1930 (Kloss, 1960) (3 families, 3 subfamilies, 12 genera, 101 species)
Family Rhigonematidae Artigas, 1930 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 62 species)
Subfamily Rhigonematinae Artigas, 1930 * (3 genera, 62 species)
Tribe Rhigonematini Artigas, 1930 *
Subtribe Rhigonematinii Artigas, 1930 *
Genus Glomerinema Van-Waerebeke, 1985 (4 species)
Genus Rhigonema Cobb, 1898 (56 species)
syn Dudekemia Artigas, 1930 (Van-Waerebeke, 1984) 505
Species naylae Morffe & Hasegawa, 2017
Species nesoboli Garcia & Morffe, 2014
Genus Ruizia Travassos & Kloss, 1959 (2 species)
Family Ichthyocephalidae Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 23 species)
Subfamily Ichthyocephalinae Travassos & Kloss, 1958 * (4 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Ichthyocephalini Travassos & Kloss, 1958 *
Subtribe Ichthyocephalinii Travassos & Kloss, 1958 *
Genus Ichthyocephaloides Hunt & Sutherland, 1984 (5 species)
Genus Icthyocephalus Artigas, 1926 (15 species)
Genus Paraichthyocephalus Travassos & Kloss, 1958 (1 species)
Genus Xystrognathus Hunt, Luc & Spiridonov, 2002 (2 species)
Family Xustromatidae Hunt, 2002 (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 16 species)
Subfamily Xustromatinae Hunt, 2002 * (5 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Xustromatini Hunt, 2002 *
Subtribe Xustromatinii Hunt, 2002 *
Genus Obainia Adamson, 1983 (7 species)
Genus Trachyglossus Hunt, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Trachyglossoides Garcia & Morffe, 2015 (1 species)
Species jimenoi Garcia & Morffe, 2015
Genus Xustrostoma Adamson & Van-Waerebeke, 1984 (2 species)
Genus Zalophora Hunt, 1994 (5 species)
504 Regarded as an order on the basis of conflicting morphological and molecular evidence (Kim et al., 2014), but limited molecular sam-
pling.
505 Synonymy originally proiposed by van Waerebeke (1984) confirmed by Hunt (2015).

Species dominicana Garcia & Morffe, 2015
Superfamily Ransomnematoidea Travassos, 1930 (3 families, 3 subfamilies, 19 genera, 129 species)
Family Ransomnematidae Travassos, 1930 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 16 species)
Subfamily Ransomnematinae Travassos, 1930 * (3 genera, 16 species)
Tribe Ransomnematini Travassos, 1930 *
Subtribe Ransomnematinii Travassos, 1930 *
Genus Clementeia Artigas, 1930 (3 species)
Genus Martadamsonius Van-Waerebeke, 1987 (3 species)
Genus Ransomnema Artigas, 1926 (10 species)
Family Carnoyidae Filipjev, 1934 (Travassos & Kloss, 1960b) (1 subfamily, 14 genera, 62 species)
Subfamily Carnoyinae Filipjev, 1934 (14 genera, 62 species)
Tribe Carnoyini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Carnoyinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Abirovulva Hunt, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Afrocarnoya Hunt, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Brumptaemilius Dollfus, 1952 (13 species)
Genus Carnoya Gilson, 1898 (30 species)
Species philippinensis Malysheva, Mohagan & Spiridonov, 2015
Species cepacapitatus Mejia-Madrid, 2015
Species isabelica Garcia-Rodriguez & Morffe-Rodriguez, 2014
Species filipjevi Malysheva, 2014
Genus Carnoychaeta Garcia, Coy & Alvarez, 1995 (1 species)
Genus Cattiena Hunt & Spiridonov, 2001 (2 species)
Genus Gilsonema Hunt, 1998 (2 species)
Genus Hekarella Hunt & Mohotti, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Pygecantha Hunt, 1997 (1 species)
Genus Raonema Kloss, 1965 (3 species)
Genus Rondonema Artigas, 1926 (3 species)
Genus Urucuia Kloss, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Waerebekeia Adamson & Anderson, 1985 (2 species)
Genus Zyxispinifer Hunt, 2000 (1 species)
Family Hethidae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 (Travassos & Kloss, 1960b) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 51
species)
Subfamily Hethinae Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 (2 genera, 51 species)
Tribe Hethini Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 *
Subtribe Hethinii Skryabin & Schikhobalova, 1951 *
Genus Heth Cobb, 1898 (50 species)
Species gordae Mejia-Madrid, 2014
Species impalutiensis Malysheva, Mohagan & Spiridonov, 2015
Species initiensis Malyseva & Sumaya, 2017
Species konoplevi Malyseva & Sumaya, 2017
Species tuxtlensis Mejia-Madrid, 2014
Species xarochae Mejia-Madrid, 2014
Genus Tutunema Hunt, 1998 (1 species)
Order Panagrolaimida Hodda, 2007 (4 suborders, 13 superfamilies, 47 families, 91 subfamilies, 352 genera, 4887
species) 506
Suborder Panagrolaimina Hodda, 2007 (5 superfamilies, 5 families, 8 subfamilies, 30 genera, 322 species)
Superfamily Alloionematoidea Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 (Andrassy, 1983) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 5 genera,
14 species)
Family Alloionematidae Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 (Poinar, 1977) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 14 species)

Subfamily Alloionematidae Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 (5 genera, 14 species)
Tribe Alloionematini Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 *
Subtribe Alloionematinii Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 *
Genus Alloionema Schneider, 1859 (5 species)
Species luofuensis Huang, Li & Zhao, 2016
Species similis Holovachov, Bostrom, De-Ley, McDonnell, Alvaredo, Paine & De-
Ley, 2016
syn californicum Nermut, Puza, Mracek & Lewis, 2016 (Nermut, Holovachov,
Tandingen-De-Ley & Puza, 2017)
Genus Cheilobus Cobb, 1924 (1 species)
Genus Leptodera Dujardin, 1845 (1 species)
Genus Neoalloionema Ivanova, Pham & Spiridonov, 2016 (4 species)
Species indicum Nermut, Puza & Mracek, 2016
Species tricaudatum Ivanova, Pham & Spiridonov, 2016
Genus Rhabditophanes Fuchs, 1930 (3 species)
Superfamily Myenchoidea Pereira, 1931 (Poinar, 1977) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 2 genera, 3 species)
Family Myenchidae Pereira, 1931 (Poinar, 1977) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 3 species) 507
Subfamily Myenchidae Pereira, 1931 (2 genera, 3 species)
Tribe Myenchini Pereira, 1931 *
Subtribe Myenchinii Pereira, 1931 *
Genus Myenchus Schuberg & Schroeder in Schuberg, 1904 (2 species)
Genus Myoryctes Eberth, 1863 (1 species)
Superfamily Panagrolaimoidea Thorne, 1937 (Andrassy, 1976) (1 family, 4 subfamilies, 17 genera, 75 species)
Family Panagrolaimidae Thorne, 1937 (Paramonov, 1956) (4 subfamilies, 17 genera, 75 species) 508
Subfamily Panagrellinae Andrassy, 1976 (4 genera, 23 species)
Tribe Panagrellini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Panagrellinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Anguillula Mueller, 1786 (2 species)
Subgenus Anguillula Mueller, 1786 (1 species)
Subgenus Aorurus Leidy, 1849 (1 species)
Genus Mukhina Ozdikman, 2010 nom. nov. pro Brevistoma Mukhina, 1981 nec
Brevistoma Tjeder, 1967 (Neuroptera) (3 species)
Species orientalis Mukhina, 2019
Genus Panagrellus Thorne, 1938 (16 species) 509
Species ulmi Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016
Genus Plectonchus Fuchs, 1930 (2 species) 510
syn Anguilluloides Ruehm, 1956 (Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016) (3 species)
Species molgos Massey, 1974
syn Anguiluloides zondagi Dale, 1967 (Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016)
Species procerus (Weingartner, 1953) Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016
syn Plectonchus procerus Weingartner, 1953 (Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016)
Subfamily Panagrolaiminae Thorne, 1937 (9 genera, 41 species)
Tribe Panagrolaimini Thorne, 1937 *
Subtribe Panagrolaiminii Thorne, 1937 *
Genus Baldwinema Atighi, Pourjam, Bert, Pedram, Ghaemi & Panahandeh, 2015 (4
species)
Species ilamense Atighi, Pourjam, Bert, Pedram, Ghaemi & Panahandeh, 2015
Species golestanense Atighi, Pourjam, Bert, Pedram, Ghaemi & Panahandeh,
507 Created as a subfamily by Pereira (1931).

508 Created as a subfamily by Thorne (1937).
509 Species list according to Abolafia et al. (2016).
510 Species list according to Abolafia et al. (2016).

2015
Genus Baujardia Bert, Tandingan-De-Ley, Van-Driessche, Segers & De-Ley, 2003 (1
species)
Genus Panagrobelium Andrassy, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Panagrobelus Thorne, 1939 (6 species)
Species hunti (Stock, De-Ley, De-Ley, Mundo-Ocampo, Baldwin & Nadler, 2002)
Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016
syn Panagrobelus hunti Stock, De-Ley, De-Ley, Mundo-Ocampo, Baldwin &
Nadler, 2002 (Abolafia, Alizadeh & Khakvar, 2016)
Genus Panagrodontus Thorne, 1935 (3 species)
Genus Panagrolaimoides Ivanova, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Panagrolaimus Fuchs, 1930 (23 species)
Species “DAW1” Wharton, Marshall & Egeter, 2017
Species neotropicus Poinar, 2011 511
Genus Panagromacra Massey, 1964 (1 species)
Genus Procephalobus Steiner, 1934 (1 species)
Subfamily Tricephalobinae Andrassy, 1976 (3 genera, 10 species)
Tribe Tricephalobini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Tricephalobinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Halicephalobus Timm, 1956 (8 species)
Genus Tricephalobus Steiner, 1936 (1 species)
Genus Indocephalobus Sagata & Buddhadeb, 2014 (1 species) 512
Species zebrae Sagata & Buddhadeb, 2014
Subfamily Turbatricinae Goodey, 1943 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Turbatricini Goodey, 1943 *
Subtribe Turbatricinii Goodey, 1943 *
Genus Turbatrix Peters, 1927 (1 species)
Superfamily Steinernematoidea Filipjev, 1934 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3 genera, 148 species)
Family Steinernematidae Filipjev, 1934 (Chitwood & Chitwood, 1937) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 148
species)
Subfamily Steinernematinae Filipjev, 1934 (3 genera, 148 species)
Tribe Steinernematini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Steinernematinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Neosteinernema Nguyen & Smart, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Prescafilotermes Poinar, 2011 (2 species) 513
Species elongatus Poinar, 2011
Genus Steinernema Travassos, 1927 (145 species)
Species akhursti Qiu, Hu, Zhou, Mei, Nguyen & Pang, 2005b
syn everestense Khatri-Chhetri, Waeyenberge, Spiridonov, Manandhar &
Moens, 2011 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
Species balochiense Fayyaz, Khanum, Ali, Solangi, Gulsher & Javed, 2015
Species beitlechemi Cimen, Puza, Nermut, Hatting, Ramakuwela, Faktorova &
Hazir, 2016
Species biddulphi Cimen, Puza, Nermut, Hattig, Ramakuwela & Hazir, 2016
Species bifurcatum Fayyaz, Yan, Qiu, Han, Gulsher, Khanum & Javed, 2014
Species borjomiense Gorgadze, Fanelli, Lortkhipanidze, Troccoli, Burjanadze,
Tarasco & De-Luca, 2018
Species cameroonense Kanga, Trinh, Wayenberge, Spiridonov, Hauser & Moens,

512 Considered a junior synonym of Diplogastrellus by Abolafia & Pena-Santiago (2018b), but biologically related to Halicephalobus.

2012
Species carpocapsae (Wieser, 1955) Wouts, Mracek, Gerdin & Bedding, 1982
syn anatoliense Hazir, Stock & Keskin, 2003 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
syn websteri Cutler & Stock, 2003 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
syn meghalayense Ganguly, Rathour & Singh, 2011 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
Species changbaiense Ma, Chen, De-Clercq, Han & Moens, 2012
Species citrae Stokwe, Malan, Nguyen, Knoetze & Tiedt, 2011
Species ethiopiense Tamiru, Waeyenberge, Hailu, Ehlers, Puza & Mracek, 2012
Species fabii Abate, Malan, Tiedt, Wingfield, Slippers & Hurley, 2016
Species goweni San-Blas, Morales-Montero, Portillo, Nermut & Puza, 2016
Species hermaphroditum Stock, Griffin & Chaerani, 2004
syn dharanai Kulkarni, Rizvi, Kumar, Paunikar & Mishra, 2012 (Hunt & Subbotin,
2016)
Species huense Ke-Long-Phan, Mracek, Puza, Nermut & Jarosova, 2014
Species innovationi Cimen, Lee, Hatting, Hazir & Stock, 2015
Species jeffreyense Malan, Knoetze & Tiedt, 2016
Species kandii Godjo, Afouda, Baimey, Couvrier, Zadji, Houssou, Bert, Willems &
Decraemer, 2019
Species khuongi Stock, Campos-Herrera, El-Borai & Duncan, 2019
Species litchi Steyn, Knoetze, Tiedt & Malan, 2017
Species lamjungense Khatri-Chhetri, Waeyenberge, Spiridonov, Manandhar &
Moens, 2011
Species nepalense Khatri-Chhetri, Waeyenberge, Spiridonov, Manandhar &
Moens, 2011
Species nguyeni Malan, Knoetze & Tiedt, 2016
Species nyetense Kanga, Trinh, Waeyenberge, Spiridonov, Hauser & Moens, 2012
Species pakistanense Shahina, Anis, Reid, Rowe & Maqbool, 2001
syn maqbooli Fayyaz, Khanum, Gulsher & Javed, 2013 (Hunt & Subbotin, 2016)
Species papillatum San-Blas, Portillo, Nermut, Puza & Morales-Montero, 2015
Species phyllophagae Nguyen & Buss, 2011
Species poinari Mracek, Puza & Nermut, 2014
Species papillatum San-Blas, Portillo, Nermut, Puza & Morales-Montero, 2015
Species pui Qiu, Zhao, Wu, Li & Pang, 2011
Species pwaniensis Puza, Nermut, Mracek, Gengler & Haukeland, 2017
Species ralatorei Grifaldo-Alcantara, Alatorre-Rosas, Segura-Leon & Hernandez-
Rosas, 2017
Species sacchari Nthenga, Knoetze, Berry, Tiedt & Malan, 2014
Species surkhetense Khatri-Chhetri, Waeyenberge, Spiridonov, Manandhar &
Moens, 2011
Species taiwanensis Tseng, Hou & Tang, 2018
Species thesami (Gorgadze, 1988) Gorgadze & Lortkipanidze, 2004
syn tbilisiense Gorgadze, Lortkhipanidze, Ogier, Tailliez & Burjanadze, 2015 (Hunt
& Subbotin, 2016)
Species tielingense Ma, Chen, Li, Han, Khatri-Chhetri, De-Clercq & Moens, 2012
Species tophus Cimen, Lee, Hatting, Hazir & Stock, 2014
Species vulcanicum Clausi, Longo, Rappazzo, Tarasco & Vinciguerra, 2011
Species xinbinense Ma, Chen, De-Clercq, Waeyenberge, Han & Moens, 2012
Superfamily Strongyloidoidea Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 (De-Ley & Blaxter, 2002) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 3
genera, 82 species)
Family Strongyloididae Chitwood & MacIntosh, 1934 (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 82 species)
Subfamily Strongyloidinae Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 * (3 genera, 82 species)
Tribe Strongyloidini Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 *

Subtribe Strongyloidinii Chitwood & McIntosh, 1934 *
Genus Leipernema Narayan-Singh, 1976 (1 species)
Genus Parastrongyloides Morgan, 1928 (18 species)
Species caenolesti Spratt, 2017
Species nadgeensis Spratt, 2018
Species neotropicalis Ricardo-Guerrero, 2016
Species tachyglossi Spratt, 2017
Species timbillicensis Spratt, 2018
Species walterae Spratt, 2018
Genus Strongyloides Grassi, 1879 (63 species)
Suborder Aphelenchina Geraert, 1966 (3 superfamilies, 10 families, 13 subfamilies, 43 genera, 823
species) 514
Superfamily Aphelenchoidea Fuchs, 1937 (Thorne, 1949) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 29 species)
Family Aphelenchidae Fuchs, 1937 (Steiner, 1949) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 29 species) 515
Subfamily Aphelenchinae Fuchs, 1937 (1 genus, 29 species)
Tribe Aphelenchini Fuchs, 1937 *
Subtribe Aphelenchinii Fuchs, 1937 *
Genus Aphelenchus Bastian, 1865 (29 species)
Subgenus Anaphelenchus Anderson & Hooper, 1980 (1 species)
Subgenus Aphelenchus Bastian, 1865 (27 species)
Species assamenensis Chanu, Meitel & Shah, 2017
Superfamily Aphelenchoidoidea Skarbilovich, 1947 (Siddiqi, 1980) (8 families, 11 subfamilies, 41 genera, 726
species)
Family Acugutturidae Hunt, 1993 (2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 6 species)
Subfamily Acugutturinae Hunt, 1980 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Acugutturini Hunt, 1980 *
Subtribe Acugutturinii Hunt, 1980 *
Genus Acugutturus Hunt, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Setonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 516
Species protera Poinar, 2011
Subfamily Noctuidonematinae Hunt, 1993 (2 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Noctuidonematini Hunt, 1993 *
Subtribe Noctuidonematinii Hunt, 1993 *
Genus Noctuidonema Remillet & Silvain, 1988 (2 species)
Genus Vampyronema Hunt, 1993 (2 species)
Family Aphelenchoididae Skarbilovich, 1947 (Paramonov, 1953) (2 subfamilies, 16 genera, 312
514 Hodda (2007) considered the Superfamilies Aphelenchoioidea and Aphelenchoidea as belonging to the different suborders Panagro-
laimina and Tylenchina, respectively, because of consistent differentiation with support on molecular evidence (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Holter-
man et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2006, Smythe et al. 2006). The most recent molecular evidence resolved the superfamilies into different clades
with statistical support, but did not show closer affinities to either Panagrolaimina or Tylenchina (Van Megen et al. 2009). De Ley & Blaxter
(2002) and De Ley et al. (2006), despite the clear molecular evidence, as well as morphological differences, considered the morphological
similarities most important and put the two groups together (as families Aphelenchidae and Aphelenchoididae) in infraorder Tylenchomorpha
(= suborder Tylenchina in the current classification). Here the superfamilies are regarded as separate, based on both the molecular evidence
and morphology. Morphological differences include most notably the development of the posterior oesophagus, the presence or absence of
bursae and gubernacula, as well as other features. The present classification reflects the morphological differences as being apomorphies
within Aphelenchina defining the superfamilies. but the superfamilies are together regarded as a suborder on the basis of the long-noticed mor-
phological apomorphies, most prominently the form of the median oesophageal bulb and the position of the oesophageal gland orifices (Hunt
1993, Geraert 1966, Thorne 1949). The suborder reflects the differentiation of both superfamilies from Panagrolaimina and Tylenchina, which
has some molecular support (Sun et al. 2014).
515 Created as a subfamily by Fuchs (1937).

species) 517
Subfamily Aphelenchoidinae Skarbilovich, 1947 (15 genera, 310 species)
Tribe Aphelenchoidini Skarbilovich, 1947 *
Subtribe Aphelenchoidinii Skarbilovich, 1947 *
Genus Aphelenchoides Fisher, 1894 (220 species)
Species aerialis Chanu, Mohilal, Victoria & Shah, 2015
Species altaicus Khusainov, 2014
Species assamensis Chanu, Meitei & Shah, 2017
Species brevicauda Mahamood, Li, Keshari & Liang, 2015
Species eldaricus Esmaeili, Heydari, Golhasan & Kanzaki, 2017
Species fuchsi Esmaeili, Heydari, Ziaie & Gu, 2016
Species giblindavisi Aliramaji, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Afshar & Pedram, 2018
Species gorganensis Miraeiz, Heydari & Bert, 2017
Species huntensis Esmaeili, Fang, Li & Heydari, 2016
Species hypotris Shah, Siddiqi & Handoo, 2015
Species iranicus Golhasan, Heydari, Alvarez-Ortega, Esmaili, Castillo & Palomares-
Rius, 2016
Species lii (Huang & Ye, 2006) Kanzaki, Ekino & Masuya, 2019
syn Seinura lii Huang & Ye, 2006
Species kheirii Golhasan, Heydari, Esmaeili & Kanzaki, 2018
Species longistylus Chanu & Mohilal, 2014
Species macrospica Golhasan, Heydari, Esmaeili &Miraez, 2017
Species manipurensis Chanu & Mohilal, 2018
Species medicagus Wang, Bert, Gu, Couvrier & Li, 2019 518
Species meghalayensis Bina & Mohilal, 2017
Species neominoris Chanu & Mohilal, 2014
Species paraxui Esmaeili, Heydari, Fang & Li, 2017
Species primadentus Mobasseri, Pourjam & Pedram, 2018
Species pseudogoodeyi Oliviera, Subbotin, Alvarez-Ortega, Desaeger, Brito,
Xavier, Freitas, Vau & Inserra, 2019
Species rotundicaudatus Fang, Wang, Gu & Li, 2014
Species salixae Esmaeili, Heydari, Tahmoures & Ye, 2017
Species stellatus Fang, Gu, Wang & Li, 2014
Species tabarastanensis Golhasan, Fang, Li, Maafi & Heydari, 2019
Species turnipi Israr, Shahina & Nasira, 2017
Genus Cretaciaphelenchoides Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 519
Species burmensis Poinar, 2011
Genus Ficophagus Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015 (32
species) 520
Species aculeata (Davies, Bartholomaeus, Ye, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2010)
Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus aculeata Davies, Bartholomaeus, Ye, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis,
2010
Species altermacrophylla (Lloyd & Davies, 1997) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus altermacrophylla Lloyd & Davies, 1997
Species altissimus (Zeng, Ye, Huang, Li & Giblin-Davis, 2013a) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
517 Created as a subfamily by Skarbilovich (1947).

518 Decribed from material intercepted in China on plants shipped from USA.
520 Including species partially characterized and not formally named (Davies et al. 2017a, b , Sriwati et al. 2017), as well as species inde-
terminata (Davies et al. 2015).

syn Schistonchus altissimus Zeng, Ye, Huang, Li & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species antherobenghalensus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel & Giblin-Davis,
2017
syn antherobenghalensus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel & Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species aureus (De-Crappeo & Giblin-Davis, 2001) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
syn Schistonchus aureus (De-Crappeo & Giblin-Davis, 2001) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
Species auriculatae Zen, Huang, Zhang, Zeng, Shi, Zhang, Peng, Ye & Giblin-Davis,
2019
Species bullenei Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Center, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel &
Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species benjamina (Bartholomaeus, Davies, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2012) Davies, Ye,
Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus benjamina Bartholomaeus, Davies, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species centerae (Zeng, Giblin-Davis & Ye, 2007) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
syn Schistonchus centerae Zeng, Giblin-Davis & Ye, 2007
Species costaricanus Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Center, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel
& Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species cuculloracemosus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
syn cuculloracemosus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
Species curtipes Zhang, Zeng, Huang, Zeng, Peng, Ye, Huang & Giblin-Davis, 2019
Species fleckeri (Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2013) Davies,
Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus fleckeri Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species kayai Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Center, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel &
Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species laevigatus (DeCrappeo & Giblin-Davis, 2001) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
syn Schistonchus laevigatus DeCrappeo & Giblin-Davis, 2001
Species maxima Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel &
Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species microcarpus (Zeng, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Li, Zhang & Du, 2011) Davies, Ye,
Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus microcarpus Zeng, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Li, Zhang & Du, 2013
Species MSp.16 Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
Species mucrobenghalensus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
syn mucrobenghalensus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,

Species paraensis Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Center, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel &
Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species religiousus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki,
syn religiousus (Bajaj & Tomar, 2014) Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus,
Herre, Esquivel & Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species virens (Bartholomaeus, Davies, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2009) Davies,
Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus virens Bartholomaeus, Davies, Ye, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2009
Species yoponensis Davies, Ye, Center, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Herre, Esquivel &
Giblin-Davis, 2017
Species zealandicus (Zhao, Li, Ye & Davies, 2015) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
syn Schistonchus zealandicus Zhao, Li, Davies & Ye, 2015
Genus Kashmira Shah, Siddiqi & Handoo, 2015 (1 species)
Species dimorphicauda Shah, Siddiqi & Handoo, 2015
Genus Japanema Moosavi Aliramaji, Pourjam & Pedram, 2014 (1 species)
Species entomophagus (Nickle, 1970) Moosavi, Aliramaji, Pourjam & Pedram,
2014
syn Sheraphelenchus entomophagus Nickle, 1970
Genus Laimaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (19 species)
Species hyrcanus Miraeiz, Heydari, Maafi & Bert, 2015
syn belgradiensis Oro, 2015 (Maleita & Abrantes, 2018)
Species suberensis Nobre-Maleita, Costa & Abrntes, 2018
Genus Martininema Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015 (4
species) 521
Species baculum (Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2013)
Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
syn Schistonchus baculum Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis,
2013
Species fistulosus (Zeng, Ye, Wang, Du & Giblin-Davis, 2013) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
syn Schsitonchus fistulosus Zeng, Ye, Wang, Du & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species guangzhouense (Zeng, Giblin-Davis & Ye, 2007) Davies, Ye, Kanzaki,
Species semichordatae Zhao, Zhang, Zeng & Huang, 2019
Genus Oligaphelenchoides Poinar, 1977 (5 species) 522
Species maximus Poinar, 2011
Genus Palaeoaphelenchoides Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 523
Genus Ptychaphelenchus Hodda, 2009c (1 species)
Genus Punchaulus De-Ley & Coomans, 1996 (1 species)
Genus Robustodorus Andrassy, 2007 (7 species) 524
Species arachidis (Bos, 1977) Kanzaki, Shokoohi, Fourie, Swart, Muller & Giblin-
Davis, 2018
521 None of the species not formally named in Davies et al. (2015, 2017a or 2017b) are in the clade that forms this genus, so none are
counted here.
522 Fossil.
524 Replacement name for Megadorus Goodey 1960 which is a homonym of Megadorus Linnavuori 1959 (Insecta: Hemiptera)

syn Aphelenchoides arachidis Bos, 1977 (Kanzaki, Shokoohi, Fourie, Swart, Muller
& Giblin-Davis, 2018
Species helicus (Heyns, 1964) Aliramaji, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Afshar &
Pedram, 2018
syn Aphelenchoides helicus Heyns, 1964
Species subtenuis (Cobb, 1926) Kanzaki, Shokoohi, Fourie, Swart, Muller & Giblin-
Davis, 2018
syn Aphelenchus subtenuis Cobb, 1926
syn Aphelenchoides subtenuis (Cobb, 1926) Christie, 1942
syn Aphelenchoides hodsoni Goodey, 1935 (Christie, 1942)
Genus Schistonchus Cobb, 1927 (11 species) 525
Species athertonensis Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species cassowaryi Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki, Ye & Giblin-Davis, 2013 526
Species flagellobenghalensus Bajaj & Tomar, 2014
Species flagelloracemosus Bajaj & Tomar, 2014
Species hirtus Zeng, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Li, Du & Zhao, 2010
Species MSp. 5 Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, Bartholomaeus, Zeng & Giblin-Davis, 2015
Species molochi Davies, Bartholomaeus, Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Species mucroracemosus Bajaj & Tomar, 2014
Species superbus Zeng, Ye, Li, Wang, Du & Giblin-Davis, 2013
Genus Sheraphelenchus Nickle, 1970 (6 species)
Species brevigulonis (Massey & Hinds, 1970) Hunt, 1993
Species entomophagus Nickle, 1970
Species parabrevigulonis Fang, Gu, Wang, Wang & Li, 2015
Tribe Albiziaphelenchini n. tribe 527
Subtribe Albiziaphelenchini n. subtribe *
Genus Albiziaphelenchus Bajaj, 2012 (1 species)
Species arthrorostris Bajaj, 2012
Subfamily Anomyctinae Goodey, 1960 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Anomyctini Goodey, 1960 *
Subtribe Anomyctinii Goodey, 1960 *
Genus Anomyctus Allen, 1940 (1 species)
Family Berntsenidae Hodda, 2003 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species)
Subfamily Berntseninae Hodda, 2003 * (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Berntsenini Hodda, 2003 *
Subtribe Berntseninii Hodda, 2003 *
Genus Berntsenus Massey, 1974 (2 species)
Family Ektaphelenchidae Paramonov, 1964 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 95 species)
Subfamily Ektaphelenchinae Paramonov, 1964 (4 genera, 95 species)
Tribe Ektaphelenchini Paramonov, 1964 *
Subtribe Ektaphelenchinii Paramonov, 1964 *
Genus Cryptaphelenchoides J.B. Goodey, 1960 (5 species)
Genus Cryptaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (34 species)
Species baujardi Aliramaji, Miraeiz, Pourjam & Heydari, 2019
Species dominicus Poinar, 2011 528
Species iranicus Esmaeili, Heydari, Taheri, Fang & Li, 2016
525 Divided into 3 genera by Davies et al. (2015). Species indeterminata remain provisionally in Schistonchus sensu stricto.
526 Species indeterminata according to Davies et al. (2015). Here retained in original genus on the basis of morphological characters dif-
ferentiating from other species and indicating affinities with the genus Schistonchus.
527 Type genus is Albiziaphelenchus Bajaj, 2012. Differentiated from Aphelenchoidini by shape of spicule, presence of preanal genital
papillae and distinct oesophageal isthmus. Otherwise with the features of the family

Species varicaudatus Pedram, 2017
Genus Ektaphelenchoides Baujard, 1984 (21 species)
Species caspiensis Aliramaji, Pourjam, Karegar, Atighi & Pedram, 2015
Species fuchsi Esmaeili, Heydari, Pourjam & Atighi, 2014
Species maafiae Golhasan, Esmaeili, Fang, Abolafia & Heydari, 2019
Species persicus Esmaeili, Golhasan, Tahmoures & Heydari 2918
Species poinari Aliramaji, Pourjam, Atighi, Ye, Roshan-Bakhsh & Pedram, 2014
Species ruehmi Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Atighi & Pedram, 2014
Species spondylus Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis & Center, 2009
Species tonekabonensis Aliramaji, Pourjam, Miraeiz & Pedram, 2019
Genus Ektaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (35 species)
Species berbericus Alvani, Mahdikhani-Moghadam, Giblin-Davis & Pedram, 2016
Species cupressi Golhasan, Abdollahpour, Fang, Abolafia & Heydari, 2019
Species kanzakii Pedram, 2019
Species koreanus Gu, Maria, Fang & Liu, 2019
Species oleae Miraeiz, Heydari, Adeldoost & Ye, 2017
Family Entaphelenchidae Nickle, 1970 (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 12 species)
Subfamily Entaphelenchinae Nickle, 1970 (4 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Entaphelenchini Nickle, 1970 *
Subtribe Entaphelenchinii Nickle, 1970 *
Genus Entaphelenchus Wachek, 1955 (6 species)
Genus Peraphelenchus Wachek, 1955 (3 species)
Species orientalis Kanzaki, Tanaka, Ikeda, Taki, Sugiura & Matsumoto, 2013
Genus Praecocilenchus Poinar, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Roveaphelenchus Nickle, 1970 (1 species)
Family Parasitaphelenchidae Ruehm, 1956 (Siddiqi, 1980) (2 subfamilies, 5 genera, 217 species)
Subfamily Parasitaphelenchinae Ruehm, 1956 (1 genus, 20 species)
Tribe Parasitaphelenchini Ruehm, 1956 *
Subtribe Parasitaphelenchinii Ruehm, 1956 *
Genus Parasitaphelenchus Fuchs, 1929 (20 species)
Species costati Kanzaki, Ekino, Ide, Masuya & Degawa, 2018
Species frontalis Kanzaki, Ekino, Ide, Masuya & Degawa, 2018
Subfamily Bursaphelenchinae Paramonov, 1964 (4 genera, 197 species)
Tribe Bursaphelenchini Paramonov, 1964 *
Subtribe Bursaphelenchinii Paramonov, 1964 *
Genus Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (174 species)
Species andrassyi Dayi, Calin, Akbulut, Gu, Schroder, Vieira & Braasch, 2014
Species carpini Kanzaki, Masuya, Ichihara, Maehara, Aikawa, Ekino & Ide, 2019
Species cryphali (Fuchs, 1930) Meyl, 1960
Subspecies okhotskensis Kanzaki, Masuya, Ichihara, Maehara, Aikawa, Ekino
& Ide, 2019
Species decraemerae Wang, Gu, Maria, Fang & Li, 2018
Species fagi Tomalak & Filipiak, 2014
Species firmae Kanzaki, Maehara, Aikawa & Matsumoto, 2012
Species geraerti Wang, Maria, Gu, Fang, Wang & Li, 2018
Species gillanii Schoenfeld, Braasch, Riedel & Gu, 2014
Species hirsutae Kanzaki, Ekino, Ide, Masuya & Degawa, 2018
Species irokophilus Torrini, Strangi, Mazza, Marianelli, Roversi & Kanzaki, 2019 529
Species kesiyae Kanzaki, Aikawa, Maehara & Pham, 2016
Species kiyoharai Kanzaki, Maehara, Aikawa, Masuya & Giblin-Davis, 2011
Species koreanus Gu, Wang & Chen, 2013
529 Described from material intercepted in Italy but originally from Cameroon.

Species laciniatae Kanzaki, Masuya, Ichihara, Maehara, Aikawa, Ekino & Ide, 2019
Species manipurensis Chanu & Meitei, 2014
Species michaelseni Tomalak & Filipiak, 2019
Species moensi Wang, Maria, Gu, Fang, Wang & Li, 2018
Species mucronatus Mamiya & Enda, 1979
Subspecies kolymensis (Braasch, Gu & Burgermeister, 2011)
Species niphades Tanaka, Tanaka, Akiba, Aikawa, Maehara, Takeuchi & Kanzaki,
2014
Species osumiana Kanzaki, Akiba, Kanetani, Tetsuka & Ikegame, 2014
Species paraburgeri Wang & Gu, 2012
Species paraluxuriosae Gu, Wang, Braasch, Burgermeister & Schroeder, 2012
Species penai Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Carillo, Duncan & Gonzalez, 2014
Species parantoniae Munawar, Fang, He, Gu & Li, 2015
Species piceae Tomalak & Pomorski, 2015
Species populi Tomalak & Filipiak, 2010
Species posterovulvus Gu, Wang, He, Wang, Chen & Wang, 2014
Species pterocarpi Gu, Fang, Liu, Pedram & Li, 2019 530
Species rockyi Wang, Fang, Maria, Gu & Ge, 2019 531
Species saudi Gu, Maria, Fang, He, Braasch & Li, 2016
Species sakishimanus Kanzaki, Okabe & Kobori, 2015
Species similis Poinar, 2011 532
Species sycophilus Kanzaki, Tanaka, Giblin-Davis & Davies, 2014
Species tadamiensis Kanzaki, Taki, Masuya & Okabe, 2012
Species taprhorychi Tomalak, Malewski, Gu & Fa-Qiang, 2017
Species tiliae Tomalak & Malewski, 2014
Species trypophloei Tomalak & Filipiak, 2011
Species ulmophilus Ryss, Polyanina, Popovichev & Subbotin, 2015
Species yuyaoensis Gu, He, Wang & Chen, 2014
Genus Chalcidonema Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 533
Species paradoxa Poinar, 2011
Genus Devibursaphelenchus Kakulia, 1967 (8 species)
Species wangi Gu, Wang & Zheng, 2010
Species kheirii Aliramaji, Pourjam, Atighi, Karegar & Pedram, 2014
Genus Ruehmaphelenchus Goodey, 1963 (14 species) 534
Species digitulis Gu & Wang, 2012
Species formosanus Kanzaki, Masuya, Taki, Okabe & Chen, 2013
Species juliae Kanzaki Giblin-Davis, Gonzalez, Duncan & Carrillo, 2015
Species quercophilus Maria, Gu, Tomalak, Fang & Li, 2017
Species sirisus Bajaj, 2012
Species thailandae Gu & Wang, 2010
Family Seinuridae Husain & Khan, 1967 (Baranovskaya, 1981) (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 60 species) 535
Subfamily Seinurinae Husain & Khan, 1967 (4 genera, 60 species)
Tribe Seinurini Husain & Khan, 1967 *
Subtribe Seinurinii Husain & Khan, 1967 *
Genus Aprutides Scognamiglio, Talame & s'Jacob, 1970 (2 species)
530 Described from material intercepted in China but originally from Ghana.
531 Described from material intercepted in China but originally from Russia.
532 Fossil, Dominican amber associated with platypodid beetle.
533 Fossil, Tertiary, Domincan amber.
534 Hunt (1993, 2007a, b) placed Ruehmaphelenchus in Aphelenchoididae on morphological grounds, but molecular evidence clearly places
the genus with, or even within, the genus Bursaphelenchus (Kanzaki et al. 2009, 2014).
535 Created as a subfamily by Husain & Khan (1967).

Genus Papuaphelenchus Andrassy, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Paraseinura Timm, 1961 (1 species)
Genus Seinura Fuchs, 1931 (56 species)
Species caverna Kanzaki, Ekino & Masuya, 2019
Species hyrcania Adeldoost, Heydari, Miraiez, Jalalinasab & Ashgari, 2016
Species onondagensis Kaisa, 2000
Species persica Adeldoost, Heydari, Miraiez, Jalalinasab & Ashgari, 2016
Family Tylaphelenchidae Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014 * (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 22 species)
Subfamily Tylaphelenchinae Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014 (3 genera, 22 species)
Tribe Tylaphelenchini Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014 *
Subtribe Tylaphelenchinii Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014 *
Genus Basilaphelenchus Pedram, Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis & Pourjam, 2018 (3 species)
Species brevicaudatus Fouladvand Pourjam Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis& Pedram, 2019
Species gorganensis Fouladvand, Pourjam, Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis & Pedram, 2019
Species persicus Pedram, Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis & Pourjam, 2018
Genus Pseudaphelenchus Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Scheffrahn, Center & Davies, 2009 (12
species)
Species jiaae (Huang, Ye, Liang, Lu & Zhang, 2011) Fang, Li, Maria & Bert, 2016
syn Tylaphelenchus jiaae Huang, Ye, Liang, Lu & Zhang, 2011 (Fang, Li, Maria &
Bert, 2016)
Species scheffrahni Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014
Species sui Kanzaki, Li, Lan & Giblin-Davis, 2014
Species vindai Kanzaki & Giblin-Davis in Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Herre, Scheffrahn
&
Center, 2010
Species yukiae Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, Scheffrahn, Center & Davies, 2009
Species zhoushanensis Fang, Li, Maria & Bert, 2016
Genus Tylaphelenchus Ruehm, 1956 (7 species)
Superfamily Paraphelenchoidea Goodey, 1951 (Hodda, 2007) (1 family, 1 subfamily, 1 genus, 24 species)
Family Paraphelenchidae Goodey, 1951 (Goodey, 1960) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 24 species) 536 537
Subfamily Paraphelenchinae Goodey, 1951 (1 genus, 24 species)
Tribe Paraphelenchini Goodey, 1951 *
Subtribe Paraphelenchinii Goodey, 1951 *
Genus Paraphelenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (24 species)
Suborder Tylenchina Chitwood, 1950 (4 superfamilies, 26 families, 63 subfamilies, 236 genera, 3453
species)
536 Created as a subfamily by T Goodey (1951).

537 Paraphelenchidae are different from Aphelechidae in many of the same features used to separate Aphelenchoidoididae from Aphelen-
chidae. Hence the differences may reflect a deep divergence. Paraphelenchidae share a number of features with Tylenchidae, such as an
oesophageal isthmus with nerve ring around it, oesophageal glands enclosed in a bulb, vulva a transverse slit, and cephalated spicules. Para-
phelenchidae differ from Tylenchidae in the major characters: location of oesophageal gland orifices, development of median oesophageal
bulb, formation of stylet, genital papillae and the presence of a bursa, plus others. Thus Paraphelenchidae differ from Aphelenchidae in similar
features as those differentiating other superfamilies within Tylenchina. Hence Paraphelenchoidea may represent a unique line of evolution
within Tylenchina, and it is afforded superfamily status, even though some molecular data show Paraphelenchidae form a clade with Aphelen-
chidae (Van Megen et al. 2009).

Superfamily Anguinoidea Nicoll, 1935 * (2 families, 3 subfamilies, 19 genera, 218 species) 538 539
Family Anguinidae Nicoll, 1935 (2 subfamilies, 17 genera, 188 species)
Subfamily Anguininae Nicoll, 1935 (Nicoll, 1926) (16 genera, 185 species) 540
Tribe Anguinini Nicoll, 1935 *
Subtribe Anguininii Nicoll, 1935 *
Genus Anguina Scopoli, 1777 (13 species)
Species obesa Mobasseri, Pedram, Pourjam & Bertozzi, 2017
Genus Chitinotylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (5 species) 541
Genus Diptenchus Khan, Chawla & Seshadri, 1969 (1 species)
Genus Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (89 species) 542
Species arachis Zhang, Liu, Janssen, Zhang, Xiao, Li, Couvreur & Bert, 2014
Species gilanicus Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Ye, Castillo & Pedram, 2018
Species laurae Skwiercz, Kornobis, Winiszewska, Przybylska, Obrepalska-
Steplowska, Gawlak & Subbotin, 2017
Species oncogenus Vovlas, Troccoli, Palomares-Rius, Luca, Cantalapiedra-
Navarrete, Liebanas, Landa, Subbotin & Castillo, 2016
Species paraparvus Hashemi & Karegar, 2019
Species persicus Esmaili, Heydari, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2017
Species sarvarae Shokoohi, Iranpour, Peneva, Elshiska, Fourie & Swart, 2018
Species stenurus Esmaeili, Heydari, Ziaie & Ye, 2017
Species sturhani Karani, Eskandari, Ghaderi, Heydari & Miraez, 2017
Genus Indoditylenchus Sinha, Choudhury & Baqri, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Litylenchus Zhao, Davies, Alexander & Riley, 2011 (2 species)
Species coprosmae Zhao, Davies, Alexander & Riley, 2011
Species crenatae Kanzaki, Ichihawa, Aikawa, Ekino & Masuya, 2019
Genus Nothanguina Whitehead, 1959 (1 species)
Genus Nothotylenchoides Handoo, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Nothotylenchus Thorne, 1941 (55 species)
Species andrassyi Jalalinasab, Hosseini & Heydari, 2018
538 Whether the Anguinoidea have closer affinities to Tylenchoidea or Sphaerulariodea has been discussed for some time based on mor-
phological and life history evidence (Siddiqi 1986, 2000). Molecular evidence does not resolve the issue unequivocally (Meldal et al. 2007,
Holterman et al. 2006, Van Megen et al. 2009). A polytomy is assumed here.
539 Originally constituted as Family Anguillulinidae by Baylis & Daubney (1926), with the type genus Anguillulina Gervais & Van Beneden
1859, which was regarded as a senior synonym of the genus Tylenchus Bastian 1865. Chitwood (1935) re-established Anguina Scopoli 1777
and designated Vibrio tritici Steinbuch 1799 as type species by subsequent designation (syn Rhabditis tritici (Steinbuch 1799) Dujardin 1845,
Anguillula tritici (Steinbuch 1799) Grube 1849, Anguillulina tritici (Steinbuch 1799) Gervais & Van Beneden 1859, Tylenchus tritici (Stein-
buch 1799) Bastian 1865). The genus Vibrio refers to bacteria and Protozoa. The genus Rhabditis refers to a different genus. Thus, the oldest
name is Anguillulina tritici (Steinbuch 1799) Gervais & Van Beneden 1859. This, however, was rejected as invalid by ICZN in rulings 329 &
341 (1958). After Chitwood’s (1935) publication, Nicoll (in Zoological Record) proposed the replacement names Anguinidae and Anguinoi-
dea, to replace the names Anguillulinidae and Anguillulinoidea (and, coincidentally Tylenchidae as well).
Paramonov (1962) proposed Anguininae, which was raised to Family rank by Siddiqi (1971).
540 This date (1926) refers to the date of the name rejected by ICZN (Anguillulinidae Baylis & Daubney 1926) because it is based on a junior
objective synonym (Anguillulina Gervais & Van Benedon 1859) for the genus Anguina Scopoli 1799.
541 Proposed as a subgenus, first proposed as genus by Filipjev (1936).
542 The genus Ditylenchus was divided into 2 groups (the D. triformis-group, and the D. dipsaci-group based on morphological and bio-
logical characters (Siddiqi 1980), as well as molecular evidence (Qiao et al. 2016). The former was putatively synonymous with Safianema
(Qiao et al. 2016), although no new evidence was presented, and the other source of supposed molecular evidence (Giblin Davis et al. 2010),
also having no evidence for the synonymization. Safianema differs morphologically from the D. triformis group in having a long oesophageal
gland lobe overlapping the intestine dorsally, which is normally regarded as a generic difference, so the two genera are not synonymized here.
In the absence of any molecular evidence, no particular grouping of the 2 genera is proposed. More recently described species formed a third
molecular group (Shokoohi et al.2018)
The evolutionary affinities of the genus conflict among different analyses and gene regions (Qiao et al. 2016).

Species persicus Esmaeli, Heydari, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2016
Species phoenixae Esmaeili, Heydari & Ye, 2017
Genus Orrina Brzeski, 1981 (1 species)
Genus Palaeoanguina Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 543
Genus Pseudhalenchus Tarjan, 1958 (6 species)
Genus Pterotylenchus Siddiqi & Lenne, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Safianema Siddiqi, 1980 (6 species)
Genus Subanguina Paramonov, 1967 (1 species)
syn Afrina Brzeski, 1981 (Siddiqi, 2000)
Species sporobolae (Barrantes-Infanta, Schroeder, Subbotin & Murray, 2018) n.
comb.
syn Afrina sporobolae Barrantes-Infanta, Schroeder, Subbotin & Murray, 2018
Genus Zeatylenchus Zhao, Davies, Alexander & Riley, 2013 (1 species)
Species pittosporum Zhao, Davies, Alexander & Riley, 2013
Subfamily Halenchinae Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1969 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Halenchini Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1969 *
Subtribe Halenchinii Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1969 *
Genus Halenchus N. Cobb in M. Cobb, 1933 (3 species)
Family Sychnotylenchidae Paramonov, 1967 (Golden, 1971) (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 30 species) 544
Subfamily Sychnotylenchinae Paramonov, 1967 (2 genera, 30 species)
Tribe Sychnotylenchini Paramonov, 1967 *
Subtribe Sychnotylenchinii Paramonov, 1967 *
Genus Neoditylenchus Meyl, 1961 (24 species)
Genus Sychnotylenchus Ruehm, 1956 (6 species)
Superfamily Criconematoidea Taylor, 1936 (Geraert, 1966) (5 families, 10 subfamilies, 32 genera, 764
species)
Family Criconematidae Taylor, 1936 (Thorne, 1949) (5 subfamilies, 17 genera, 517 species)545
Subfamily Blandicephalanematidae Geraert, 2010 (2 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Blandicephalanematini Geraert, 2010 *
Subtribe Blandicephalanematinii Geraert, 2010 *
Genus Amphisbaenema Orton-Williams, 1982 (1 species)
Genus Blandicephalanema Mehta & Raski, 1971 (5 species)
Subfamily Criconematinae Taylor, 1936 (7 genera, 278 species)
Tribe Criconematini Taylor, 1936 *
Subtribe Criconematinii Taylor, 1936 *
Genus Criconema Hofmaenner & Menzel, 1914 (106 species)
Subgenus Criconema Hofmaenner & Menzel, 1914 (64 species)
Subgenus Nothocriconemella Ebsary, 1981 (35 species)
Species minutellum Rathour & Ganguly, 2015
Subgenus Notholetus Ebsary, 1981 (7 species)
Genus Croserinema Khan, Chawla & Saha, 1976 (3 species)
Genus Crossonema Mehta & Raski, 1971 (36 species)
Genus Lobocriconema De-Grisse & Loof, 1965 (23 species)
Species iranense (Van-Den-Berg, Eskandari, Tiedt & Karegar, 2010) Afshar,
Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
syn Neolobocriconema iranense Van-Den-Berg, Eskandari, Tiedt & Karegar, 2010
Species nokandense Afshar, Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
Genus Neolobocriconema Mehta & Raski, 1971 (13 species)

544 Originally created as a subfamily by Paramonov (1967).
545 Classification of Criconematidae follows Geraert (2010).

Species serratum (Khan & Siddiqi, 1963) Mehta & Raski, 1971
syn allantoideum Eroshenko, 1980 (Afshar, Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
Genus Ogma Southern, 1914 (94 species)
Subgenus Macrocriconema Minagawa, 1986 (1 species)
Subgenus Ogma Southern, 1914 (71 species)
Subgenus Pateracephalanema Mehta & Raski, 1971 (10 species)
Subgenus Seriespinula Mehta & Raski, 1971 (12 species)
Genus Orphreyus Siddiqi, 2000 (3 species)
Subfamily Discocriconematinae Geraert, 2010 (2 genera, 33 species)
Tribe Discocriconematini Geraert, 2010 *
Subtribe Discocriconematinii Geraert, 2010 *
Genus Discocriconemella De-Grisse & Loof, 1965 (31 species)
Species sinensis Maria, Cai, Subbotin & Zheng, 2019
Genus Xenocriconemella De-Grisse & Loof, 1965 (2 species)
Subfamily Hemicriconemoidinae Andrassy, 1979 (1 genus, 56 species)
Tribe Hemicriconemoidini Andrassy, 1979 *
Subtribe Hemicriconemoidinii Andrassy, 1979 *
Genus Hemicriconemoides Chitwood & Birchfield, 1957 (56 species) 546
Species paracamelliae Maria, Cai, Castillo & Zheng, 2019
Species phoenicis Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt, Inserra, Stanley, Vovlas, Palomares-Rius,
Castillo & Subbotin, 2015
Subfamily Macroposthoniinae Skarbilovich, 1959 (5 genera, 144 species)
Tribe Macroposthoniini Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Subtribe Macroposthoniinii Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Genus Bakernema Wu, 1964 (2 species)
Genus Criconemoides Taylor, 1936 (45 species)
Subgenus Criconemella De-Grisse & Loof, 1965 (9 species)
Subgenus Criconemoides Taylor, 1936 (36 species)
Genus Mesocriconema Andrassy, 1965 (88 species)
Species ericaceum Powers, Mullin, Higgins, Harris & Powers, 2016
Species nebraskense Olson, Harris, Higgins, Mullin, Powers, Olson & Powers, 2017
Species ozarkense Cordero, Robbins & Szalanski, 2012
Genus Neobakernema Ebsary, 1981 (7 species)
Genus Nothocriconemoides Maas, Loof & De-Grisse, 1971 (2 species)
Family Hemicycliophoridae Skarbilovich, 1959 (Geraert, 1966) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 35 species) 547
Subfamily Hemicycliophorinae Skarbilovich, 1959 * (5 genera, 35 species)
Tribe Caloosiini Siddiqi, 1980 * (2 genera) 548
Subtribe Caloosinii Siddiqi, 1980 *
Genus Caloosia Siddiqi & Goodey, 1963 (11 species)
Genus Hemicaloosia Ray & Das, 1978 (7 species)
Species guangzhouensis Wang, Li, Xie, Wu & Xu, 2016
Tribe Hemicycliophorini Skarbilovich, 1959 * (3 genera)
Subtribe Hemicycliophorinii Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Genus Aulosphora Siddiqi, 1980 (11 species)
Genus Colbranium Andrassy, 1979 (1 species)
Genus Hemicycliophora De-Man, 1921 (5 species) 549
syn Loofia Siddiqi, 1980 (Subbotin, Chitambar, Chizhov, Stanley, Inserra, Doucet, McClure,
546 Following review of Van den Berg et al. (2014).

547 Created as a superfamily by Skarbilovich (1959), and as a superfamily by Siddiqi (2000).
548 Originally created as a family and subfamily by Siddiqi (1980).
549 Following Subbotin et al. (2014), and including 6 species characterised but not formally named designated “sp.10”, “sp.12”, “sp.15”,
“sp.16”, “sp.17” and “sp.18” (van den Berg et al. 2018).

Ye, Yeates, Mollov, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Vovlas, Van-Den-Berg & Castillo,
2014 (7 species)
Species onubensis Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt, Liebanas, Chitambar, Stanley, Inserra,
Species parvana Tarjan, 1952
syn wyei Cordero, Marco, Robbins & Szalanski, 2013 (Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt,
Liebanas, Chitambar, Stanley, Inserra, Castillo & Subbotin, 2018)
Species porangi Monteira & Lordello, 1978
syn ripa Van-Den-Berg, 1981 (Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt, Liebanas, Chitambar, Stanley,
Inserra, Castillo & Subbotin, 2018)
Species robbinsi Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt, Liebanas, Chitambar, Stanley, Inserra,
Species subbotini Maria, Cai, Qu, Castillo & Zheng, 2018
Family Paratylenchidae Thorne, 1949 (Raski, 1962) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 181 species)
Subfamily Paratylenchinae Thorne, 1949 (3 genera, 181 species)
Tribe Paratylenchini Thorne, 1949 *
Subtribe Paratylenchinii Thorne, 1949 *
Genus Cacopaurus Thorne, 1943 (1 species)
Genus Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (179 species)
Subgenus Gracilacus Raski, 1962 (46 species)
Species paralatescens Maria, Cai, Ye, Powers & Zheng, 2018
Species wuae Yu, Ye & Powers, 2016
Subgenus Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (124 species) 550
Species chonqingensis Li, Wang, Xie & Xu, 2019
Species guangzhouensis Wang, Li, Xie, Xu & Wu, 2016
Species jasmineae Phani, Somvanshi, Rao & Khan, 2019
Species karachiensis Begum & Shaheen, 2016
Species manilkarii Erum, Nasir, Nasira & Shahina, 2019
Species nanjingensis Wang, Xie, Li, Wu & Xu, 2016
Species sindhicus Erum, Nasir, Nasira & Shahina, 2019
Genus Tylenchocriconema Raski & Siddiqi, 1975 (1 species)
Family Sphaeronematidae Raski & Sher, 1952 (Geraert, 1966) (2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 14 species)
Subfamily Meloidoderitinae Kirjanova & Poghossian, 1973 (1 genus, 5 species)
Tribe Meloidoderitini Kirjanova & Poghossian, 1973 *
Subtribe Meloidoderitinii Kirjanova & Poghossian, 1973 *
Genus Meloidoderita Pogosian, 1966 (5 species)
Species whittoni (Sledge & Christie, 1962) Troccoli, Subbotin, Stanley, Alford,
Vovlas & Inserra, 2017
syn Sphaeronema whittoni Sledge & Christie, 1962 (Troccoli, Subbotin, Stanley,
Alford, Vovlas & Inserra, 2017)
syn Tumiota whittoni (Sledge & Christie, 1962) Siddiqi, 1986
Subfamily Sphaeronematinae Raski & Sher, 1952 (3 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Sphaeronematini Raski & Sher, 1952 *
Subtribe Sphaeronematinii Raski & Sher, 1952 *
Genus Goodeyella Siddiqi, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Sphaeronema Raski & Sher, 1952 (7 species)
Genus Tumiota Siddiqi, 1986 (1 species)
Family Tylenchulidae Skarbilovich, 1947 (Kirjanova, 1955) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 17 species) 551
Subfamily Tylenchulidae Skarbilovich, 1947 (3 genera, 17 species)
Tribe Tylenchulini Skarbilovich, 1947 *
550 Following review of Ghaderi et al. (2014).

551 Created as a subfamily by Skarbilovich (1947).

Subtribe Tylenchulinii Skarbilovich, 1947 *
Genus Boomerangia Siddiqi, 1994 (2 species)
Genus Trophotylenchulus Raski, 1957 (11 species)
Genus Tylenchulus Cobb, 1913 (4 species)
Superfamily Sphaerularioidea Lubbock, 1861 (Poinar, 1975) (5 families, 14 subfamilies, 58 genera, 431
species)
Family Allantonematidae Pereira, 1931 (Chitwood & Chitwood, 1937) (2 subfamilies, 20 genera, 162
species)
Subfamily Allantonematinae Pereira, 1931 (15 genera, 134 species)
Genus Allantonema Leuckhart, 1884 (10 species)
Genus Anandranema Poinar, Ferro, Morales & Tesh, 1993 (1 species)
Genus Bradynema zur Strassen, 1892 (8 species)
Genus Howardula Cobb, 1921 (25 species) 552
Genus Metaparasitylenchus Wachek, 1955 (13 species)
Genus Neoparasitylenchus Nickle, 1967 (27 species)
Genus Palaeoallantonema Poinar, 2011 (11 species) 553
Species apionae Poinar, 2011
Species baltica Poinar, 2011
Species cephalotae Poinar, 2011
Species phlebotomae Poinar, 2011
Species zygopinae Poinar, 2011
Genus Palaeoparasitylenchus Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 554
Genus Parasitylenchoides Wachek, 1955 (8 species)
Genus Pratinema Chizhov & Sturhan, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Proparasitylenchus Wachek, 1955 (8 species)
Species californicus Poinar, Datlen, Espinoza & McLaughlin, 2015
Genus Protylenchus Wachek, 1955 (2 species)
Genus Scatonema Bovien, 1933 (1 species)
Genus Sulphuretylenchus Ruehm, 1956 (13 species)
Genus Thripinema Siddiqi, 1986 (5 species)
Subfamily Contortylenchinae Ruehm, 1956 (5 genera, 28 species)
Tribe Contortylenchini Ruehm, 1956 *
Subtribe Contortylenchinii Ruehm, 1956 *
Genus Aphelenchulus Cobb, 1920 (1 species)
Genus Bovienema Nickle, 1963 (5 species)
Genus Contortylenchus Ruehm, 1956 (20 species)
Genus Elaeolenchus Poinar, Jackson, Bell & Wahid, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Formicitylenchus Poinar, 2003 (1 species)
Family Iotonchiidae Goodey, 1953 (Skarbilovich, 1959) (1 subfamily, 5 genera, 21 species)
Subfamily Iotonchiidae Goodey, 1953 (5 genera, 21 species)
Tribe Iotonchiini Goodey, 1953 *
Subtribe Iotonchiinii Goodey, 1953 *
Genus Fungiotonchium Siddiqi, 1986 (4 species)
Genus Iotonchium Cobb, 1916 (8 species)
Genus Paleoiotonchium Poinar, 2011 (1 species) 555
Species dominicanum Poinar, 2011
552 Including 1 fossil species found in Baltic amber.

553 Fossil, Baltic and Dominican amber.

Genus Paraiotonchium Slobodyanyuc, 1975 (6 species)
Genus Skarbilovinema Chizhov & Zakharenkova, 1991 (2 species)
Family Neotylenchidae Thorne, 1949 (5 subfamilies, 17 genera, 162 species)
Subfamily Fergusobiinae Thorne, 1949 (Goodey, 1963) (2 genera, 50 species) 556
Tribe Fergusobiini Thorne, 1949 *
Subtribe Fergusobiinii Thorne, 1949 *
Genus Delatylus Yu, Munawar, Gu & Ye, 2018 (1 species)
Species andersoni Yu, Munawar, Gu & Ye, 2018
Genus Fergusobia Currie, 1937 (49 species)
Species armillarisae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor, Makinson & Purcell, 2014
Species camaldulensae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012a
Species colbrani Davies, Taylor, Nelson, Yeates & Giblin-Davis, 2014
Species cosmophyllae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species decorae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor, Makinson & Purcell, 2014
Species delegatensae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species diversifoliae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species eugenioidae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012b
Species fasciculosae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012b
Species floribundae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species gomphocephalae Davies in Davies, Bartholomaeus, Giblin-Davis, Ye,
Taylor & Thomas, 2014
Species janetae Davies, Ye, Taylor, Scheffer, Bartholomaeus & Giblin-Davis, 2018
Species juliae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012b
Species leucoxylonae Davies in Davies, Bartholomaeus, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor &
Thomas, 2014
Species leptospermum Davies, Taylor, Ye, Makinson & Adair, 2018
Species linariifoliae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor, Makinson & Purcell, 2014
Species microcarpae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species minimus Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species morrisae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012b
Species obliquae Davies, Ye, Taylor, Scheffer, Bartholomaeus & Giblin-Davis, 2018
Species pauciflorae Davies, Ye, Taylor, Scheffer, Bartholomaeus & Giblin-Davis,
2018
Species pimpamensis Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Lisnawita, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species planchonianae Davies, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Taylor, Hodda & Thomas, 2014
Species porosae Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2013
Species pruinosae Davies, Ye, Taylor, Scheffer, Bartholomaeus & Giblin-Davis,
2018
Species rileyi Davies, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2012a
Species robustae Davies, Ye, Taylor, Scheffer, Bartholomaeus & Giblin-Davis, 2018
Species rosettae Davies, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Taylor, Purcell & Thomas, 2014
Species schmidti Davies & Bartholomaeus in Davies, Bartholomaeus, Giblin-Davis,
Ye, Taylor & Thomas, 2014
Species sporangae Davies in Davies, Bartholomaeus, Giblin-Davis, Ye, Taylor &
Thomas, 2014
Species tolgaensis Davies, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Taylor, Purcell & Thomas, 2014
Species viminalisae Davies, Ye, Giblin-Davis, Taylor, Hodda & Thomas, 2014
Subfamily Gymnotylenchinae Siddiqi, 1980 (1 genus, 3 species) 557
Tribe Gymnotylenchini Siddiqi, 1980 *
Subtribe Gymnotylenchinii Siddiqi, 1980 *
556 Also as family Siddiqi & Goodey (1964).

557 Also family Siddiqi (1980).

Genus Gymnotylenchus Siddiqi, 1961 (3 species)
Subfamily Neotylenchinae Thorne, 1941 (5 genera, 65 species)
Tribe Neotylenchini Thorne, 1941 *
Subtribe Neotylenchinii Thorne, 1941 *
Genus Coprotylenchus Akopova, 1997 (1 species) 558
Genus Deladenus Thorne, 1941 (40 species)
Species albizicus Tomar, Somvanshi & Bajaj, 2015
Species beddingi Morris, Stock, Castrillo, Wiliams & Hajek, 2018
Species cocophilus Nasira & Firoza, 2013
Species nitobei Kanzaki, Tanaka, Fitza, Kosaka, Slippers, Kimura, Tsuchiya &
Tabata, 2016
Species persicus Miraez, Heydari & Golhasan, 2017
Species posteroporus Yu, Gu, Ye, Li & He, 2017 559
Species processus Tomar, Somvanshi & Bajaj, 2015
Species valveus Yu, Popovic & Gu, 2014
Genus Ficotylus Davies Ye, Giblin-Davis & Thomas, 2009 (2 species)
Species laselvae Giblin-Davis, Kanzaki, Davies, Ye, Zeng, Center, Esquivel &
Powers, 2014
Genus Hadrodenus Mulvey, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Hexatylus Goodey, 1926 (20 species)
Subfamily Paurodontinae Thorne, 1941 (8 genera, 41 species) 560
Tribe Paurodontini Thorne, 1941 *
Subtribe Paurodontinii Thorne, 1941 *
Genus Abursanema Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Pedram, Siddiqi & Atighi, 2014 (4 species)
Species iranicum Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Pedram, Siddiqi & Atighi, 2014
Species quadrilineatum Qing, Slos, Claeys & Bert, 2017
Genus Bealius Massey & Hinds, 1970 (4 species)
Species pinus Esmaeili, Heydari, Golhasan & Ye, 2019
Genus Luella Massey, 1974 (1 species)
Genus Misticius Massey, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Neomisticius Siddiqi, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Paurodontella Husain & Khan, 1968 (18 species)
Species composticola Esmaeili, Heydari, Kheiri & Ye, 2019
Species persica Esmaili, Heydari & Ye, 2017
Species gilanica Yaghoubi, Pourjam & Pedram, 2018
Species iranica Golhasan, Heydari & Miraeiz, 2016
Species parapitica Esmaeili, Heydari & Ye, 2016
Genus Paurodontoides Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1969 (2 species)
Genus Paurodontus Thorne, 1941 (10 species)
Subfamily Rubzovinematinae Slobodyanyuk, 1999 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Rubzovinematini Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Subtribe Rubzovinematinii Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Genus Rubzovinema Slobodyanyuk, 1991 (3 species)
Species “Sp. 1” Koshel, Eroshenko & Kutyrev, 2018
Family Parasitylenchidae Siddiqi, 1986 (5 subfamilies, 12 genera, 54 species)
Subfamily Heteromorphotylenchinae Siddiqi, 1986 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Heteromorphotylenchini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Heteromorphotylenchinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
558 Originally in Tylenchinae (?), but associated with beetles, and superficially similar morphologically, so transferred here pending further
inquiry.
559 Described from packing wood from Canada & USA intercepted in Chinese quarantine.
560 Also as family by Massey (1967).

Genus Heteromorphotylenchus Remillet & Van-Waerebeke, 1978 (2 species)
Subfamily Heterotylenchinae Siddiqi, 1986 (3 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Heterotylenchini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Heterotylenchinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
Genus Heterotylenchus Bovien, 1937 (3 species)
Genus Paregletylenchus Slobodyanyuk, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Wachekitylenchus Slobodianiuk, 1986 (4 species)
Subfamily Kurochkinitylenchinae Slobodyanyuk, 1999 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Kurochkinitylenchini Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Subtribe Kurochkinitylenchinii Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Genus Kurochkinitylenchus Slobodyanyuk, 1999 (1 species)
Subfamily Parasitylenchinae Siddiqi, 1986 (4 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Parasitylenchini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Parasitylenchinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
Genus Anguillonema Fuchs, 1938 (4 species)
Species iranicum Yaghoubi, Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
Genus Helionema Brzeski, 1962 (1 species)
Genus Parasitylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (12 species)
Species pseuobifurcatus Camino, Rodriguez, Robredo & Gonzalez, 2019
Genus Robleus Massey, 1974 (1 species)
Subfamily Spilotylenchinae Slobodyanyuk, 1999 (3 genera, 25 species)
Tribe Spilotylenchini Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Subtribe Spilotylenchinii Slobodyanyuk, 1999 *
Genus Incurvinema Deunff, Launay & Beaucornu, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Psyllotylenchus Poinar & Nelson, 1973 (16 species)
Genus Spilotylenchus Launay, Deunff & Bain, 1983 (8 species)
Family Sphaerulariidae Lubbock, 1861 (Skarbilovich, 1947) (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 32 species)
Subfamily Sphaerulariinae Lubbock, 1861 (4 genera, 32 species)
Tribe Sphaerulariini Lubbock, 1861 *
Subtribe Sphaerulariinii Lubbock, 1861 *
Genus Prothallonema Christie, 1938 (25 species)
Genus Sphaerularia Dufour, 1837 (1 species)
Genus Tripius Chitwood, 1935 (5 species)
Species balticus Poinar, 2011 561
Species gyraloura Poinar & Thomas, 2014
Genus Veleshkinema Miraeiz, Heydari, Alvarez-Ortega, Pedram & Atighi, 2015 (1 species)
Species iranicum Miraeiz, Heydari, Alvarez-Ortega, Pedram & Atighi, 2015
Superfamily Tylenchoidea Oerley, 1880 (Chitwood & Chitwood, 1937) (14 families, 36 subfamilies, 127
Family Atylenchidae Skarbilovich, 1959 (2 subfamilies, 2 genera, 7 species)

562 The arrangement of the families Tylenchidae, Boleodoridae, Ecphyadophoridae, Atylenchidae, Tylodoridae and Psilenchidae differs
markedly among different analyses of relationships using both morphological and molecular evidence. Siddiqi (2000) regarded Tylenchi-
dae, Ecphyadophoridae, Atylenchidae, Tylodoridae and Psilenchidae as separate families, but with Boleodorinae as subfamily of Tylenchidae
(along with several others) and Psilenchidae in a separate suborder. Geraert (2008) regarded Atylenchinae, Boleodorinae, Ecphyadophorinae,
Tylenchinae and Tylodorinae as subfamilies of a greater Tylenchidae and did not recognise Psilenchidae because it was embedded within Ty-
lenchinae. Holterman et al. (2006, 2008) and Bert et al. (2008) identified Tylodoridae as divergent from the other families and Ecdyaphoridae
as unresolved. Van Megen et al. (2009) resolved Tylenchidae into at least two different resolved clades (Tylenchinae and Duosulciinae), and
Ecphyadophoridae was resolved from both, with the relationships of the other families unresolved. In view of this conflicting evidence, all the
clades clearly identifiable by either molecular or morphological analyses are regarded as separate families arising separately from a polytomy.
Only extensive analyses of many species from each of these clades, analysed using multiple genetic and morphological characters, is likely to
satisfactorily resolve this situation.

Subfamily Atylenchinae Skarbilovich, 1959 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Atylenchini Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Subtribe Atylenchinii Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Genus Atylenchus Cobb, 1913 (1 species)
Subfamily Eutylenchinae Siddiqi, 1986 (1 genus, 6 species)
Tribe Eutylenchini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Eutylenchinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
Genus Eutylenchus Cobb, 1913 (6 species)
Family Belonolaimidae Whitehead, 1959 (Golden, 1971) (1 subfamily, 4 genera, 19 species)
Subfamily Belonolaiminae Whitehead, 1959 (4 genera, 19 species)
Tribe Belonolaimini Whitehead, 1959 *
Subtribe Belonolaiminii Whitehead, 1959 *
Genus Belonolaimus Steiner, 1949 (5 species)
Genus Carphodorus Colbran, 1965 (1 species)
Genus Ibipora Monteiro & Lordello, 1977 (5 species)
Genus Morulaimus Sauer, 1966 (8 species)
Family Boleodoridae Khan, 1964 (Brzeski & Sauer, 1983) (2 subfamilies, 6 genera, 101 species)
Subfamily Boleodorinae Khan, 1964 (4 genera, 93 species)
Tribe Boleodorini Khan, 1964 *
Subtribe Boleodorinii Khan, 1964 *
Genus Basiria Siddiqi, 1959 (55 species)
Species birjandiensis Alvani, Mahdikhani-Moghadam, Rouhani, Mohammadi &
Karssen, 2016
Species khouzestanensis Eisvand, Nejad & Azimi, 2019
Genus Boleodorus Thorne, 1941 (27 species)
Genus Neopsilenchus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (10 species)
Genus Ridgellus Siddiqi, 2000 (1 species)
Subfamily Thadinae Siddiqi, 1986 (2 genera, 8 species)
Tribe Thadini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Thadinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
Genus Neothada Khan, 1973 (7 species)
Genus Thada Thorne, 1941 (1 species)
Family Dolichodoridae Chitwood, 1950 (Skarbilovich, 1959) (2 subfamilies, 3 genera, 35
species)
Subfamily Brachydorinae Siddiqi, 2000 (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Brachydorini Siddiqi, 2000 *
Subtribe Brachydorinii Siddiqi, 2000 *
Genus Brachydorus De-Guiran & Germani, 1968 (3 species)
Subfamily Dolichodorinae Chitwood 1950 (2 genera, 32 species)
Tribe Dolichodorini Chitwood, 1950 *
Subtribe Dolichodorinii Chitwood, 1950 *
Genus Dolichodorus Cobb, 1914 (20 species)
Species costaricensis Esquivel, Ferris, Cid-Del-Prado & Subbotin, 2017
Species orientalis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2015
Genus Neodolichodorus Andrassy, 1976 (12 species)
Species persiangulfus Garahkani, Pourjam & Pedram, 2019
Family Ecphyadophoridae Skarbilovich, 1959 (2 subfamilies, 8 genera, 27 species)
Subfamily Ecphyadophorinae Skarbilovich, 1959 (2 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Ecphyadophorini Skarbilovich, 1959 * (2 genera)
Subtribe Ecphyadophorinii Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Genus Ecphyadophora De-Man, 1921 (8 species)
Genus Ultratenella Siddiqi, 1994 (1 species)

Subfamily Ecphyadophoroidinae Siddiqi, 1986 (6 genera, 18 species)
Tribe Ecphyadophoroidini Siddiqi, 1986 *
Subtribe Ecphyadophoroidinii Siddiqi, 1986 *
Genus Chilenchus Siddiqi, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Ecphyadophoroides Corbett, 1964 (2 species)
Genus Lelenchus Andrassy, 1954 (5 species)
Species brevislitus Soleymanzadeh, Pedram, Pourjam & Alvarez-Ortega, 2016
Genus Mitranema Siddiqi, 1986 (2 species)
Genus Tenunemellus Siddiqi, 1986 (7 species)
Genus Tremonema Siddiqi, 1994 (1 species)
Family Heteroderidae Filipjev, 1934 (Skarbilovich, 1947) (3 subfamilies, 16 genera, 183 species) 563
Subfamily Ataloderinae Wouts, 1973 (8 genera, 40 species) 564
Tribe Ataloderini Wouts, 1973 *
Subtribe Ataloderinii Wouts, 1973 *
Genus Atalodera Wouts & Sher, 1971 (13 species)
Species “species A” Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Chitambar,
Inserra & Chizhov, 2017
Species “species B” Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Chitambar,
Genus Bellodera Wouts, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Camelodera Krall, Shagalina & Ivanova, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Cryphodera Colbran, 1966 (15 species) 565
Species sinensis Zhuo, Wang, Ye, Peng & Liao, 2014
Species “sp A” Nguyen, 2011
Species “sp B” Nguyen, 2011
Species “sp C” Nguyen, 2011
Genus Ekphymatodera Baldwin, Bernard & Mundo-Ocampo, 1989 (1 species)
Genus Hylonema Luc, Taylor & Cadet, 1978 (1 species)
Genus Rhizonemella (Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Lownsbery & Maggenti, 1983) Andrassy, 2007
(7 species) 566
Species “sp A” Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Chitambar,
Species “sp B” Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Chitambar,
Species “sp C” Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-Vera, Chitambar,
Genus Sarisodera Wouts & Sher, 1971 (1 species)
Subfamily Heteroderinae Filipjev, 1934 (6 genera, 131 species)
Tribe Heteroderini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Heteroderinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Afenestrata Baldwin & Bell, 1985 (6 species) 567
Genus Betulodera Sturhan, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Cactodera Krall & Krall, 1978 (20 species)
Species chenopodiae Feng, Wang, Xiao, Pereira, Xuan, Wang, Liu, Chen, Duan &
Zhu, 2018
Species torreyanae Cid-Del-Prado-Vera & Subbotin, 2014
Genus Dolichodera Mulvey & Ebsary, 1980 (1 species)
563 Comprehensively reviewed by Sturhan (2018).

564 Classification follows Ghaderi (2019).
565 Including 3 unnamed species diagnosed by Subbotin et al. (2017) and another unnamed species diagnosed by Sturhan (2018).
566 Replacement name for Rhizonema Clarke 1877 (Coelomata).
567 Synonymized with Heterodera by Mundo-Ocampo et al. (2008).

Genus Globodera Skarbilovich, 1959 (17 species)
Species agulhasensis Knoetze, Swart, Wentzel & Tiedt, 2017a
Species sandvelensis Knoetze, Swart, Wentzel & Tiedt, 2017b
Genus Heterodera Schmidt, 1871 (86 species)
Species fengi Wang, Zhuo, Ye, Zhang, Peng & Liao, 2013
Species guangdongensis Zhuo, Wang, Zhang & Liao, 2014
Species sojae Kang, Eun, Ha, Kim, Park, Kim & Choi, 2017
Species sturhani Subbotin, 2015
Subfamily Meloidoderinae Wouts, 1973 (2 genera, 12 species) 568
Tribe Meloidoderini Wouts, 1973 *
Subtribe Meloidoderinii Wouts, 1973 *
Genus Meloidodera Chitwood, Hannon & Esser, 1956 (11 species)
Species sikhotealiniensis Eroshenko, 1978
syn alni Turkina & Chizhov, 1986 (Subbotin, Akanwari, Nguyen, Cid-Del-Prado-
Vera, Chitambar, Inserra & Chizhov, 2017)
Genus Zealandodera Wouts, 1973 (1 species) 569
Family Hoplolaimidae Filipjev, 1934 (Wieser, 1953) (4 subfamilies, 19 genera, 559 species)
Subfamily Aphasmatylenchinae Sher, 1965 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Aphasmatylenchini Sher, 1965 *
Subtribe Aphasmatylenchinii Sher, 1965 *
Genus Aphasmatylenchus Sher, 1965 (4 species)
Subfamily Hoplolaiminae Filipjev, 1934 (4 genera, 132 species)
Tribe Hoplolaimini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Hoplolaiminii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Aorolaimus Sher, 1963 (7 species)
Genus Hoplolaimus Daday, 1905 (44 species)
Subgenus Basirolaimus Shamsi, 1979 (21 species)
Subgenus Ethiolaimus Siddiqi, 2000 (4 species)
Subgenus Hoplolaimus Daday, 1905 (19 species)
Species smokyensis Ma, Robbins, Bernard, Holguin & Agudelo, 2019
Species smokyi Ma, Agudelo, Bernard, Holguin & Robbins, 2017
Genus Peltamigratus Sher, 1964 (23 species)
Subgenus Nectopelta Siddiqi, 1986 (4 species)
Subgenus Peltamigratus Sher, 1964 (19 species)
Genus Scutellonema Andrassy, 1958 (58 species)
Species clavicaudatum Van-Den-Berg, Tiedt, Stanley & Inserra, 2017
Species tanlamense Nguyen, 2017
Subfamily Radopholinae Allen & Sher, 1967 (8 genera, 78 species) 570
Tribe Radopholini Allen & Sher, 1967 *
Subtribe Radopholinii Allen & Sher, 1967 *
Genus Achlysiella Hunt, Bridge & Machon, 1989 (7 species)
Genus Afritylenchus Singbo, Ieden & Nesterov, 1988 (1 species)
Genus Apratylenchoides Sher, 1973 (3 species)
Genus Hoplotylus s'Jacob, 1960 (5 species)
Genus Pratylenchoides Winslow, 1958 (31 species)
Species persicus Azizi, Eskandari, Karegar, Ghaderi, Van-Den-Elsen, Holterman &
Helder, 2017
568 Classification follows Ghaderi (2019).

569 Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest this is a distinct lineage and hence a valid genus (Subbotin et al. 2018).
570 Originally regarded as related to Pratylenchidae (Thorne 1949), recent molecular studies show a clear affinity to Hoplolaimidae (Gafur
2014). After re-evaluation, some morphological features also support affinities with Hoplolaimidae (Gafur 2014). However, the overall ap-
pearance remains very close to Pratylenchidae, even if this is perhaps superficial and convergent.

Genus Radopholoides De-Guiran, 1967 (4 species)
Species japonicus Maria, Gu, Fang, He, Castillo & Li, 2017 571
Genus Radopholus Thorne, 1949 (25 species)
Genus Zygradus Siddiqi, 1991 (2 species)
Subfamily Rotylenchoidinae Whitehead, 1958 (6 genera, 345 species)
Tribe Rotylenchoidini Whitehead, 1958 *
Subtribe Rotylenchoidinii Whitehead, 1958 *
Genus Antarctylus Sher, 1973 (1 species)
Genus Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945 (205 species)
Species persiaensis Kashi & Karegar, 2014
Species siddiqii Begum & Shaheen, 2016
Genus Orientylus Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1977 (7 species)
Genus Rotylenchoides Whitehead, 1958 (10 species)
Genus Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (111 species)
Subgenus Calvatylus Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1977 (3 species)
Subgenus Pararotylenchus Baldwin & Bell, 1981 (16 species)
Subgenus Plesiorotylenchus Vovlas, Castillo & Lamberti, 1993 (2 species) 572
Subgenus Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (90 species)
Species arasbaranensis Atighi, Pourjam, Ghaemi, Pedram, Liebanas,
Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2014
Species castilloi Talezari, Pourjam, Kheir, Liebanas, Aliramaji, Pedram, Rezaee &
Atighi, 2015
Species cretensis Tzortzakakis, Archidona-Yuste, Liebanas, Birmpilis,
Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Navas-Cortes, Castillo & Palomares-
Rius, 2016
Species dalikhaniensis Aliramaji, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Pedram & Atighi, 2015
Species rhomboides Nguyen, Trinh, Couvrier, Singh, Decraemer & Bert, 2019
Species sardashtensis Golhasan, Heydari, Alvarez-Ortega, Meckles, Pedram &
Atighi, 2016
Species urmiaensis Noruzi, Asghari, Atighi, Eskandari, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Archidona-Yuste, Liebanas, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2015
Genus Varotylus Siddiqi, 1986 (11 species)
Family Meloidogynidae Skarbilovich, 1959 (Wouts, 1973) (2 subfamilies, 6 genera, 122 species)
Subfamily Meloidogyninae Skarbilovich, 1959 (3 genera, 113 species)
Tribe Meloidogynini Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Subtribe Meloidogyninii Skarbilovich, 1959 *
Genus Meloidoderella Khan, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Meloidogyne Goeldi, 1887 (110 species)
Species aberrans Tao, Xu, Yuan, Wang, Lin, Zhuo & Liao, 2017
Species daklakensis Trinh, Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas & Nguyen, 2019
Species ethiopica Whitehead, 1968
syn brasiliensis Charchar & Eisenback, 2002 (Montiero, Cares, Correa, Pinhiero,
Mattos, Silva, Gomes, Santos, Castagnone-Sereno & Carniero,
2017)
Species lopezi Humphreys-Pereira, Flores-Chaves, Gomez, Salazar, Gomez-Alpizar
& Elling, 2014
Species luci Carneiro, Correa, Almeida, Gomes, Abbas, Castagnone-Sereno &
Karssen, 2014
Species incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949
syn polycephannulata Charcher, Eisenback, Vieira, Fonseca-Boiteux & Boiteux,
571 Found in quarantine sample in China originating in Japan.

572 Regarded as a synonym of subgenus Rotylenchus by Atighi et al. (2014), but on the basis of only one sequence, so retained here.

2009 (Montiero, Mattos, Santos, Gomes, Correa, Sousa,
Cares, Pinhiero & Carniero, 2019)
Species moensi Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas, Nguyen & Trinh, 2019
Species oleae Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liebanas, Rapoport,
Casttillo & Palomares-Rius, 2018
Species pakistanica Shahina, Nasira, Salma, Mehreen & Bhatti, 2015
Species spartelensis Ali, Tavoillot, Mateille, Chapuis, Besnard, El-Bakkali,
Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liebanas, Castillo & Palomares-
Rius, 2015
Genus Spartonema Siddiqi, 1986 (2 species)
Subfamily Nacobboderinae Golden & Jensen, 1974 (3 genera, 9 species)
Tribe Nacobboderini Golden & Jensen, 1974 *
Subtribe Nacobboderinii Golden & Jensen, 1974 *
Genus Bursadera Ivanova & Krall, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Meloinema Choi & Geraert, 1973 (5 species)
Genus Punctodera Mulvey & Stone, 1976 (3 species)
Family Pratylenchidae Thorne, 1949 (Siddiqi, 1963) (3 subfamilies, 4 genera, 173 species)
Subfamily Hirschmanniellinae Fotedar & Handoo, 1979 (1 genus, 33 species)
Tribe Hirschmanniellini Fotedar & Handoo, 1979 *
Subtribe Hirschmanniellinii Fotedar & Handoo, 1979 *
Genus Hirschmanniella Luc & Goodey, 1963 (33 species) 573
Species bananae Nguyen, 2017
Species teres (Schneider, 1927) Loof & Skwiercz, 2001
syn Aphelenchoides teres (Schneider, 1927) Filipjev, 1934
syn Aphelenchus teres Schneider, 1927
Subfamily Nacobbinae Chitwood, 1950 (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Nacobbini Chitwood, 1950 *
Subtribe Nacobbinii Chitwood, 1950 *
Genus Nacobbus Thorne & Allen, 1944 (2 species)
Subfamily Pratylenchinae Thorne, 1949 (2 genera, 138 species)
Tribe Pratylenchini Thorne, 1949 *
Subtribe Pratylenchinii Thorne, 1949 *
Genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (132 species)
Species bolivianus Corbett, 1983 (amphimictic morphotype) Troccoli, Subbotin,
Chitambar, Janssen, Waeyenberge, Stanley, Duncan, Agudelo,
Munera-Aribe, Franco & Inserra, 2016
Species bolivianus Corbett, 1983 (parthenogenetic morphotype) Troccoli,
Subbotin, Chitambar, Janssen, Waeyenberge, Stanley, Duncan,
Agudelo, Munera-Aribe, Franco & Inserra, 2016
Species capsici Qing, Bert, Gamliel, Bucki, Duvrinin, Alon & Miyara, 2019
Species haiduongensis Nguyen, Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas & Trinh, 2017
Species horti Nguyen, Trinh, Couvrier, Singh, Decraemer & Bert, 2019
Species oleae Palomares-Rius, Guesmi, Horrigue-Raouani, Cantalapiedra-
Navarrete, Liebanas & Castillo, 2014
Species parazeae Wang, Zhuo, Ye & Liao, 2015
Species pratensis (De-Man, 1880) Filipjev, 1936
syn Tylenchus pratensis De-Man, 1880
syn lentis (Janssen, Karssen, Couvrier, Waeyenberge & Bert, 2017)
Species quasitereoides Hodda, Collins, Vanstone, Hartley, Wanjura & Kehoe, 2014
Species rwandae Singh, Nyiragatare, Janssen, Couvreur, Decraemer & Bert, 2018
Genus Zygotylenchus Siddiqi, 1963 (6 species)
573 Species list from Khun et al. (2015).

Species gansuensis Wang, Zhuo & Liao, 2014
Family Psilenchidae Paramonov, 1967 (Khan, 1969) (2 subfamilies, 3 genera, 28 species)
Subfamily Antarctenchinae Spaull, 1972 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Antarctenchini Spaull, 1972 *
Subtribe Antarctenchinii Spaull, 1972 *
Genus Antarctenchus Spaull, 1972 (1 species)
Subfamily Psilenchinae Paramonov, 1967 (2 genera, 27 species)
Tribe Psilenchini Paramonov, 1967 *
Subtribe Psilenchinii Paramonov, 1967 *
Genus Atetylenchus Khan, 1973 (6 species)
Species minor Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Atighi & Pedram, 2015
Genus Psilenchus De-Man, 1921 (21 species)
Family Rotylenchulidae Husain & Khan, 1967 (Fotedar & Handoo, 1975) (3 subfamilies, 5 genera, 20
species)
Subfamily Acontylinae Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Acontylini Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 *
Subtribe Acontylinii Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 *
Genus Acontylus Meagher, 1968 (1 species)
Subfamily Rotylenchulinae Husain & Khan, 1967 (2 genera, 15 species)
Tribe Rotylenchulini Husain & Khan, 1967 *
Subtribe Rotylenchulinii Husain & Khan, 1967 *
Genus Rotylenchulus Linford & Oliveira, 1940 (14 species)
Species macrosomoides Berg, Palomares-Rius, Vovlas, Tiedt, Castillo & Subbotin,
2016
Genus Senegalonema Germani Luc & Baldwin, 1984 (1 species)
Subfamily Verutinae Esser, 1981 (2 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Verutini Esser, 1981 *
Subtribe Verutinii Esser, 1981 *
Genus Bilobodera Sharma & Siddiqi, 1992 (2 species)
Genus Verutus Esser, 1981 (2 species)
Family Telotylenchidae Siddiqi, 1960 (Loof, 1987) (4 subfamilies, 20 genera, 416 species) 574
Subfamily Macrotrophurinae Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Macrotrophurini Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 *
Subtribe Macrotrophurinii Fotedar & Handoo, 1978 *
Genus Macrotrophurus Loof, 1958 (1 species)
Subfamily Meiodorinae Siddiqi, 1976 (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Meiodorini Siddiqi, 1976 *
Subtribe Meiodorinii Siddiqi, 1976 *
Genus Meiodorus Siddiqi, 1976 (4 species)
Subfamily Merliniinae Siddiqi, 1971 (6 genera, 132 species)
Tribe Merliniini Siddiqi, 1971 *
Subtribe Merliniinii Siddiqi, 1971 *
Genus Amplimerlinius Siddiqi, 1976 (22 species)
Species uramanatiensis Ghaderi & Karegar, 2014
Genus Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (21 species)
Species conicaudatus Ghaderi & Karegar, 2016
Species vietnamensis Nguyen, Le, Nguyen, Liebanas, Nguyen & Trinh, 2019
Genus Merlinius Siddiqi, 1970 (36 species)
Species nagerensis Sagir & Erum, 2017
Genus Nagelus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (28 species)
574 Created as a subfamily by Siddiqi (1960). Telotylenchidae first used at family level by Loof (1987) when transferring the genus Telo-
tylenchus to the family Tylenchorhynchidae Eliava 1964.

Genus Scutylenchus Jairajpuri, 1971 (21 species)
Genus Telomerlinius Siddiqi & Sturhan, 2014 (4 species)
Species mellumensis Siddiqi & Sturhan, 2014
Species teleosus Siddiqi & Sturhan, 2014
Subfamily Telotylenchinae Siddiqi, 1960 (12 genera, 279 species)
Tribe Telotylenchini Siddiqi, 1960 *
Subtribe Telotylenchinii Siddiqi, 1960 *
Genus Bitylenchus Filipjev, 1934 (32 species)
Species hispaniertsis Handoo, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Liebanas, Subbotin & Castillo, 2014
Genus Histotylenchus Siddiqi, 1971 (7 species)
Genus Neodolichorhynchus Jairajpuri & Hunt, 1984 (17 species)
Subgenus Mulkorhynchus Jairajpuri, 1988 (8 species)
Subgenus Neodolichorhynchus Jairajpuri & Hunt, 1984 (8 species)
Subgenus Prodolichorhynchus Jairajpuri, 1985 (1 species)
Genus Paratrophurus Arias, 1970 (14 species)
Genus Quinisulcius Siddiqi, 1971 (17 species) 575
Genus Sauertylenchus Sher, 1974 (5 species)
Genus Telotylenchoides Siddiqi, 1971 (3 species)
Genus Telotylenchus Siddiqi, 1960 (21 species)
Species manipurensis Chanu, Meitei & Shah, 2016
Genus Trichotylenchus Whitehead, 1959 (8 species)
Species gorganiensis Ghaderi, Karegar & Miraeiz, 2018
Genus Trophurus Loof, 1956 (16 species)
Species wuhuensis Li, Du, Wang, Wang & Li, 2018
Genus Tylenchorhynchus Cobb, 1913 (131 species)
Species clarus Allen, 1955
syn variannus Mavlianov, 1978 (Ghaderi & Karegar, 2016)
Species iranensis Azmia, Mahdikhani-Moghadam, Rouhan & Memari, 2016
Species mediterraneus Handoo, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,
Liebanas, Subbotin & Castillo, 2014
Genus Uliginotylenchus Siddiqi, 1971 (8 species)
Family Tylenchidae Oerley, 1880 (Marcinowski, 1909) (3 subfamilies, 24 genera, 321 species),576
Subfamily Duosulciinae Siddiqi, 1979 (7 genera, 93 species)
Tribe Duosulciini Siddiqi, 1979 *
Subtribe Duosulciinii Siddiqi, 1979 *
Genus Allotylenchus Andrassy, 1984 (1 species)
Genus Duosulcius Siddiqi, 1979 (2 species)
Genus Malenchus Andrassy, 1968 (46 species)
Subgenus Malenchus Andrassy, 1968 (38 species)
Species cylindricus Qing, Pereira, Slos, Couvreur & Bert, 2018
Species geraerti Pedram, Soleymanzadeh, Pourjam & Mobasseri, 2018
Species herrerai Mundo-Ocampo, Holovachov & Pereira, 2015
Species sexlineatus Qing, Sanchez-Monge, Janssen, Couvreu & Bert, 2016
Subgenus Neomalenchus Siddiqi, 1979 (3 species)
Subgenus Telomalenchus Siddiqi, 2000 (5 species)
Species gilanensis Jalalinasab, Adeldoost, Abolafia & Heydari, 2019
Genus Miculenchus Andrassy, 1959 (7 species)
Species brevisalvus Panahandeh, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Afshar & Pedram,
575 According to Hussain et al. (2019).

576 Qing & Bert (2019) suggested the family comprised 44 genera and 412 nominal species, and that the family should be split into several
families, but this was not done formally.

2019
Species muscus Panahandeh, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Afshar & Pedram, 2019
Genus Mukazia Siddiqi, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Ottolenchus Husain & Khan, 1967 (29 species)
Genus Zanenchus Siddiqi, 1979 (7 species)
Subfamily Tanzaniinae Siddiqi, 2000 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Tanzaniini Siddiqi, 2000 *
Subtribe Tanzaniinii Siddiqi, 2000 *
Genus Tanzanius Siddiqi, 1991 (1 species)
Subfamily Tylenchinae Oerley, 1880 (16 genera, 227 species)
Tribe Tylenchini Oerley, 1880 *
Subtribe Tylenchinii Oerley, 1880 *
Genus Aglenchus Andrassy, 1954 (14 species)
Species microstylus Husseinvand, Abdollahi & Karegar, 2016
Genus Cervoannulatus Bajaj, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Coslenchus Siddiqi, 1978 (40 species)
Genus Cucullitylenchus Huang & Raski, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Discopersicus Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Liebanas & Pedram, 2016 (1
species)
Species iranicus (Ghaemi, Pourjam, Atighi, Pedram & Karssen, 2012) Yaghoubi,
Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Liebanas & Pedram, 2016
syn Discotylenchus iranicus Ghaemi, Pourjam, Atighi, Pedram & Karssen, 2012
(Yaghoubi, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega, Liebanas &
Pedram, 2016)
Genus Discotylenchus Siddiqi, 1980 (10 species)
Species biannulatus Konani, Panahandeh, Pourjam, Alvarez-Ortega & Pedram,
2018
Species lorestanensis Mehrabian, Azizi, Bazgir & Darvshnia, 2017
Genus Filenchus Andrassy, 1954 (63 species)
Species maqbooli Aatika, Nasira & Shahina, 2017
Genus Fraglenchus Siddiqi, 2000 (1 species)
Genus Irantylenchus Kheira, 1972 (1 species)
Genus Labrys Qing & Bert, 2018 (8 species)
Species chinensis Qing & Bert, 2018
Species filiformis Panahandeh, Abolafia, Pourjam, Giblin-Davis, Afshar & Pedram,
2018
Species fujianensis Qiao, Bai, Wang, Hou, Chen, Xiao, Liu, Bert & Qing, 2019
Species fuzhouensis Qiao, Bai, He, Chen, Xiao, Cheng, Liu, Braun-Miyara & Qing,
2019
Genus Polenchus Andrassy, 1980 (4 species)
Genus Sakia Khan, 1964 (16 species)
Species arboris Panahandeh, Pourjam, Roshan-Baksh & Pedram, 2018
Species sisanganensis Panahandeh, Atighi, De-Ley, Pourjam, Mundo-Ocampo,
Abolafia, Koolivand, Afshar & Pedram, 2019
Genus Silenchus Andrassy, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Tenunema Kapoor, 1983 (1 species)
Genus Tetylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (2 species)
Genus Tylenchus Bastian, 1865 (63 species)
Species conicaudatus Chanu, Meitei & Shah, 2016
Species scythecaudus Roy, Gantait & Chatterjee, 2019
Family Tylodoridae Paramonov, 1967 (Siddiqi, 1976) (3 subfamilies, 7 genera, 29 species) 577
577 Created as a subfamily by Paramonov (1967).

Subfamily Epicharinematinae Maqbool & Shahina, 1965 (2 genera, 2 species)
Tribe Epicharinematini Maqbool & Shahina, 1965 *
Subtribe Epicharinematinii Maqbool & Shahina, 1965 *
Genus Epicharinema Raski, Maggenti, Koshy & Sosamma, 1980 (1 species)
Genus Gracilancea Siddiqi, 1976 (1 species)
Subfamily Pleurotylenchinae Andrassy, 1976 (3 genera, 24 species)
Tribe Pleurotylenchini Andrassy, 1976 *
Subtribe Pleurotylenchinii Andrassy, 1976 *
Genus Campbellenchus Wouts, 1978 (2 species)
Genus Cephalenchus Goodey, 1962 (20 species)
Genus Pleurotylenchus Szczygiel, 1969 (2 species)
Subfamily Tylodorinae Paramonov, 1967 (2 genera, 3 species) 578
Tribe Tylodorini Paramonov, 1967 *
Subtribe Tylodorinii Paramonov, 1967 *
Genus Arboritynchus Reay, 1991 (1 species)
Genus Tylodorus Meagher, 1964 (2 species)
Suborder Cephalobina Andrassy, 1974 (1 superfamily, 6 families, 7 subfamilies, 43 genera, 289 species) 579,580
Superfamily Cephaloboidea Filipjev, 1934 (Paramonov, 1962) (6 families, 7 subfamilies, 43 genera, 289
species)
Family Cephalobidae Filipjev, 1934 (Chitwood & MacIntosh, 1934) (2 subfamilies, 33 genera, 257
species) 581
Subfamily Acrobelinae Thorne, 1937 (14 genera, 183 species)
Tribe Acrobelini Thorne, 1937 *
Subtribe Acrobelinii Thorne, 1937 *
Genus Acrobeles Linstow, 1877 (30 species)
Species aenigmaticus Abolafia, Shokoohi, Du-Preez & Fourie, 2019
Genus Acrobeloides Cobb, 1924 (26 species)
Species gossypii Nahiyoon, Fayyaz & Kazi, 2019
Species longiuterus (Rashid & Heyns, 1990) Siddiqi, De-Ley & Khan, 1992
syn camberensis (De-Ley, Geraert & Coomans1990) Siddiqi, De-Ley and Khan,
1992 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2017)
syn Cephalobus camberensis De-Ley, Geraert & Coomans1990 (Siddiqi, De-Ley
and Khan, 1992)
Genus Acrobelophis Andrassy, 1984 (4 species)
Genus Cervidellus Thorne, 1937 (16 species)
Genus Chiloplacus Thorne, 1937 (33 species)
Species magnus Rashid & Heyns, 1990
syn similis Orselli & Vinciguerra, 2002 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2017)
Species mysteriosus Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
Species spannatus (Waceke, ‎Bumbarger, Mundo-Ocampo, Subbotin & Baldwin,
2005) Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
syn Zeldia spannata Waceke, ‎Bumbarger, Mundo-Ocampo, Subbotin & Baldwin,
2005 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a)
Genus Nothacrobeles Allen & Noffsinger, 1971 (15 species)
578 Also created as a family by Allen & Sher (1967), but in September. Paramonov published the same name in June.
579 Cephalobina and Rhabditina have been traditionally placed together in an Order Rhabditida. Molecular evidence consistently places the
Cephalobina with Panagrolaimina (De Ley & Blaxter 2004, Holterman et al. 2006, Meldal et al. 2007, Van Megen et al. 2009). In addition, it
appears that the origin of nerve cells in the oesophagus may be different in Rhabditidae to that in Cephalobidae and Panagrolaimidae (Borgonie
et al. 2000). Early development is also different in Caenorhabditis elegans (Rhabditida) and Acrobeloides nanus (Cephalobina) (Schierenberg
2000). The monophyly of the Cephalobina is supported on molecular evidence (Nadler et al. 2006).
580 Created as an Infraorder by De Ley & Blaxter (2002).
581 Created as subfamily by Artigas (1929) in a thesis, and Filipjev (1934).

Species hebetocaudatus Abolafia, Divsalar, Panahi & Shokoohi, 2014
Species nanocorpus (Iliev, Ilieva & Mitor, 2003) Abolafia & Pena-Santiago, 2018a
syn Chiloplacus juniperi Iliev, Ilieva & Mitor, 2003 (Abolafia & Pena-Santiago,
2018a)
Genus Paracrobeles Heyns, 1968 (7 species)
Species kelsodunensis Bostrom & Holovachov, 2015
Species deserticola Abolafia, Divsalar, Panahi & Shokoohi, 2014
Genus Placodira Thorne, 1937 (2 species)
Genus Pseudacrobeles Steiner, 1938 (16 species)
Subgenus Bunobus De-Ley, Siddiqi & Bostrom, 1993 (5 species)
Subgenus Pseudacrobeles Steiner, 1938 (10 species)
Species curvatus Kim, Kim & Park, 2017
Genus Scottnema Timm, 1971 (1 species)
Genus Stegelleta Thorne, 1938 (9 species) nom. nov. pro Stegella Thorne, 1937 nec
Stegella Stecho 1919 (Hydroid)
Species arenaria Bostrom & Holovachov, 2012
Species laterocornuta Bostrom & Holovachov, 2014
Genus Stegelletina Andrassy, 1984 (11 species)
Species lingulata Abolafia & Shokoohi, 2017
Genus Trithornus Sufyan, 2017 (1 species)
Species aquatica Sufyan, 2017
Genus Zeldia Thorne, 1937 (12 species)
Subfamily Cephalobinae Filipjev, 1934 (19 genera, 74 species)
Tribe Cephalobini Filipjev, 1934 *
Subtribe Cephalobinii Filipjev, 1934 *
Genus Acrobelinema Khera, 1968 (1 species)
Genus Acrolobus Bostrom, 1986 (1 species)
Genus Acroukrainicus Holovachov, Bostrom & Susulovsky, 2001 (1 species)
Genus Catoralaimellus Siddiqi, 2002 (1 species)
Genus Cephalobus Bastian, 1865 (30 species)
Genus Chiloplacoides Heyns, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Cribronema Siddiqi, 1993 (3 species)
Species sturhani Bostrom & Holovachov, 2019
Genus Eucephalobus Steiner, 1936 (11 species)
Genus Heterocephalobellus Rashid Geraert & Sharma, 1984 (3 species)
Genus Heterocephalobus Brzeski, 1960 (4 species)
Genus Macrolaimellus Andrassy, 1966 (4 species)
Genus Metacrolobus Vinciguerra, 1994 (1 species)
Genus Panagrolobus Holovachov & Bostrom, 2006 (1 species)
Genus Panagroteratus Andrassy, 1986 (3 species)
Genus Paracephalobus Akhtar, 1962 (2 species)
Genus Penjatinema Heyns & Swart, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Rafiqius Khan & Hussain, 1997 (2 species)
Genus Teratolobus Andrassy, 1968 (3 species)
Genus Triligulla Siddiqi, 1993 (1 species)
Family Elaphonematidae Heyns, 1962 (Paramonov, 1964) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 9 species)
Subfamily Elaphonematidae Heyns, 1962 (3 genera)
Tribe Elaphonematini Heyns, 1962 *
Subtribe Elaphonematinii Heyns, 1962 *
Genus Acromoldavicus Nesterov, 1970 (2 species)
Genus Elaphonema Heyns, 1962 (6 species)
Genus Kirjanovia Ivanova, 1969 (1 species)

Family Osstellidae Heyns, 1962 (Andrassy, 1984) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 11 species)
Subfamily Osstellinae Heyns, 1962 (3 genera, 11 species)
Tribe Osstellini Heyns, 1962 *
Subtribe Osstellinii Heyns, 1962 *
Genus Deficephalobus De-Ley & Coomans, 1990 (3 species)
Genus Drilocephalobus Coomans & Goodey, 1965 (7 species)582
Genus Osstella Heyns, 1962 (1 species)
Family Alirhabditidae Suryawanshi, 1971 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 2 species)
Subfamily Alirhabditinae Suryawanshi, 1971 * (1 genus, 2 species)
Tribe Alirhabditini Suryawanshi, 1971 *
Subtribe Alirhabditinii Suryawanshi, 1971 *
Genus Alirhabditis Suryawanshi, 1971 (2 species)
Family Bicirronematidae Andrassy, 1978 (Holovachov, Esquivel & Bongers, 2003) (1 subfamily, 2 genera,
7 species)
Subfamily Bicirronematinae Andrassy, 1978 (2 genera, 7 species)
Tribe Bicirronematini Andrassy, 1978 *
Subtribe Bicirronematinii Andrassy, 1978 *
Genus Bicirronema Andrassy, 1978 (4 species)
Species hamiguitanense Qing, Bert, Steel, Quisado & Tandingan-De-Ley, 2015
Genus Tricirronema Siddiqi, 1993 (3 species)
Family Metacrobelidae Paramonov, 1964 (Andrassy, 1974) (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 3 species)
Subfamily Metacrobelinae Paramonov, 1967 * (1 genus, 3 species)
Tribe Metacrobelini Paramonov, 1967 *
Subtribe Metacrobelinii Paramonov, 1967 *
Genus Metacrobeles Loof, 1962 (3 species)
Order Drilonematida n. ord. (1 suborder, 1 superfamily, 7 families, 13 subfamilies, 39 genera, 168 species)
Suborder Drilonematina n. suborder. (1 superfamily, 7 families, 13 subfamilies, 39 genera, 168 species)
Superfamily Drilonematoidea Pierantoni, 1916 (Chitwood, 1950) (7 families, 13 subfamilies, 39
Family Drilonematidae Pierantoni, 1916 (6 subfamilies, 16 genera, 66 species)
Subfamily Dicelinae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (2 genera, 22 species)
Tribe Dicelini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Subtribe Dicelinii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Adieronema Timm, 1967 (4 species)
Genus Dicelis Dujardin, 1845 (18 species)
Subfamily Diceloidinae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (3 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Diceloidini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Subtribe Diceloidinii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Araguanema Ivanova & Hope, 2004 (3 species)
Species mutabile Ivanova, 2016
Genus Diceloides Timm, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Mbanema Spiridonov, 1992 (1 species)
Subfamily Drilonematinae Pierantoni, 1916 (4 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Drilonematini Pierantoni, 1916 *
Subtribe Drilonematinii Pierantoni, 1916 *
Genus Alaninema Theodorides, 1957 (1 species)
Genus Drilonema Pierantoni, 1916 (1 species)
Genus Pierantonia Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (1 species)
Genus Spininematoides Rajeswari Anand & Narayan Rao, 1985 (1 species)
Subfamily Gatesnematinae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Gatesnematini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
582 A separate family according to Mehdi et al. (1973).

Subtribe Gatesnematinii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Gatesnema Timm, 1971 (1 species)
Subfamily Iponematinae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (4 genera, 29 species)
Tribe Iponematini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Subtribe Iponematinii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Filiponema Timm & Maggenti, 1966 (10 species)
Species champa Ivanova & Spiridonov, 2015
Species suifunense Ivanova & Spiridonov, 2015
Species yaoense Ivanova & Spiridonov, 2015
Genus Iponema Timm & Maggenti, 1966 (12 species)
Species visayanum Ivanova & Spiridonov, 2015
Genus Plutellonema Timm & Maggenti, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Tonoscolecinema Timm, 1967 (6 species)
Subfamily Mesonematinae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (2 genera, 5 species)
Tribe Mesonematini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Subtribe Mesonematinii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Burmanema Timm, 1967 (1 species)
Genus Mesonema Pierantoni, 1916 (4 species)
Family Ungellidae Chitwood, 1950 (2 subfamilies, 14 genera, 75 species)
Subfamily Synoecneminae Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 (8 genera, 60 species)
Tribe Synoecnemini Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Subtribe Synoecneminii Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005 *
Genus Adungella Timm, 1967 (3 species)
Genus Drasico Ivanova Ganin & Spiridonov, 2014 (4 species)
Species nemoralis Ivanova, Ganin & Spiridonov, 2014
Species paludigenus Ivanova, Ganin & Spiridonov, 2014
Genus Onychonema Baylis, 1943 (3 species)
Genus Siconema Timm, 1966 (24 species)
Genus Siconemoides Timm, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Sucamphida Timm, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Synoecnema Magalhaes, 1905 (23 species)
Species watinagii Ivanova, Sumaya & Spiridonov, 2015
Genus Timmungella Ivanova, Kozodoi & Spiridonov, 1987 (1 species)
Subfamily Ungellinae Chitwood, 1950 (Spiridonov & Ivanova, 2005) (6 genera, 15
species)
Tribe Ungellini Chitwood, 1950 *
Subtribe Ungellinii Chitwood, 1950 *
Genus Acanthungella Ivanova & Hope, 2004 (1 species)
Genus Patagoniella Ivanova & Vaucher, 2005 (1 species)
Genus Plesioungella Yeates, Spiridonov & Blakemore, 1998 (1 species)
Genus Thainema Ivanova, Kozodoi & Spiridonov, 1987 (2 species)
Genus Ungella Cobb, 1928 (9 species)
Genus Yagansiella Ivanova & Vaucher, 2005 (1 species)
Family Homungellidae Timm, 1966 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 12 species)
Subfamily Homungellinae Timm, 1966 * (2 genera, 12 species)
Tribe Homungellini Timm, 1966 *
Subtribe Homungellinii Timm, 1966 *
Genus Homungella Timm, 1966 (9 species)
Genus Perodira Baylis, 1943 (3 species)
Family Pharyngonematidae Chitwood, 1950 (Timm, 1959) (1 subfamily, 3 genera, 4 species)
Subfamily Pharyngonematinae Chitwood, 1950 (3 genera, 4 species)
Tribe Pharyngonematini Chitwood, 1950 *

Subtribe Pharyngonematinii Chitwood, 1950 *
Genus Athusia Anwar & Jairajpuri, 1976 (2 species)
Genus Macramphida Timm, 1966 (1 species)
Genus Pharyngonema Pierantoni, 1923 (1 species)
Family Creagrocercidae Baylis, 1943 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 1 species)
Subfamily Creagrocercinae Baylis, 1943 * (1 genus, 1 species)
Tribe Creagrocercini Baylis, 1943 *
Subtribe Creagrocercinii Baylis, 1943 *
Genus Creagrocercus Baylis, 1943 (1 species)
Family Mesidionematidae Poinar, 1978 (1 subfamily, 2 genera, 6 species)
Subfamily Mesidionematinae Poinar, 1978 * (2 genera, 6 species)
Tribe Mesidionematini Poinar, 1978 *
Subtribe Mesidionematinii Poinar, 1978 *
Genus Mesidionema Poinar, 1978 (3 species)
Genus Nemanoke Yeates & Spiridonov, 1996 (3 species)
Family Scolecophilidae Baylis, 1943 (1 subfamily, 1 genus, 4 species)
Subfamily Scolecophilinae Baylis, 1943 * (1 genus, 4 species)
Tribe Scolecophilini Baylis, 1943 *
Subtribe Scolecophilinii Baylis, 1943 *
Genus Scolecophilus Baylis & Daubney, 1922 (4 species)
Fossil taxon originally described as a nematode but now thought to be a seta of a larger organism 583
Genus Scorpiophagus Stormer, 1963 (4 species)
Species baculiformis Stormer, 1963
Species latus Stormer, 1963
Endnotes
* nominotypical taxon not explicitly used by the author(s), and not used previously. I included to aid automated
indexing.
Nominotypical taxa of lower rank than the original proposal which are not explicitly named in the original
proposal of a name have only this identification. For example, a nominotypical subfamily automatically created
under Article 36 of the ICZN but not explicitly named when a new family is created is designated as having the same
author and date as that of the family, but in the text denoted by the additional mark “*”.
Nominotypical taxa of higher rank than the original proposal are explicitly identified by the additional iden-
tification “n. rank”. For example, a superfamily automatically created under Article 36 of the ICZN when a new
family is created is designated as having the same author and date as that of the family, but in the text denoted by
the addition of “n. rank” following the author name and date. When a name has been used explicitly previously at
a different rank to the original proposal (either higher or lower, and including sub- or super-taxa), the author(s) first
defining or using the name at the different taxonomic rank is cited in parentheses after the original author. Namea
with no designation are the rank of the original proposal.
References
Abolafia, J., Alizadeh, M. & Khakvar, R. (2016) Description of Panagrellus ulmi sp. n. (Rhabditida, Panagrolaimidae) from
Iran, and comments on the species of the genus and its relatives. Zootaxa, 4162 (2), 245–267.
Abolafia, J. & Pena-Santiago, R. (2009) Nematodes of the order Rhabditida from Andalucia, Spain. The family Mesorhabditidae,
with description of Mesorhabditis carmenae sp n. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics, 12, 41–64.
583 See Balinski et al. (2013), and Poinar (2011). Other fossil taxa have sufficient information to place at least tentatively relative to other
nematodes. Fossils are indicated by an endnote—after the genus name where there are no known species extant, and after the species name
where there are extant species in the genus.

Abolafia, J. & Pena-Santiago, R. (2011) Ablechroiulus spelaeus sp n. and A. dudichi Andrassy, 1970 from Andalucia Oriental,
Spain, with a discussion of the taxonomy of the genus Ablechroiulus Andrassy, 1966 (Nematoda, Rhabditida, Rhabditidae).
Zootaxa, 2922 (1), 1–14.
Abolafia, J. & Pena-Santiago, R. (2014) Redescription of Macrolaimus crucis Maupas, 1900 (Nematoda: Rhabditida:
Chambersiellidae) from Spain, with scanning electron microscopy study and a compendium of the genus. Journal of
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Alphabetical list of valid genera, with authority, year of publication, number of

valid species, family, order, and habitat.
Sp=number of species, M=marine, F=freshwater, T=Terrestrial. For trophic relationships, see Hodda (2021a).
Genus Authority Year Sp Family Order M F T
Abathymermis Rubtsov 1971 6 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Abbreviata Travassos 1920 44 Physalopteridae Spirurida + +
Abelbolla Huang & Zhang 2004 7 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Abirovulva Hunt 2002 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Ablechroiulus Andrassy 1966 14 Ablechroiulidae Rhabditida + +
Aborjinia Ozdikmen 2010 1 Marimermithidae Marimermithida +
......Continued on the next page

Abursanema Yaghoubi, Pourjam, 2014 4 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Pedram, Siddiqi &
Atighi
Acanthocheilonema Cobbold 1870 12 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Acanthocheilus Molin 1858 3 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Acantholaimus Allgen 1951 57 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Acanthomicrolaimus Stewart & Nicholas 1987 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Acanthonchus Cobb 1920 3 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Acanthopharynx Marion 1870 15 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Acanthophryngoides Chitwood 1936 6 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Acanthorhabdias Pereira 1927 1 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Acanthostrongylus Travassos 1937 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Acanthoxyurus Sandground 1928 8 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Acanthungella Ivanova & Hope 2004 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Acephalodorylaimus Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1982 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Acheilostoma Leiper 1911 3 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Achlysiella Hunt, Bridge & Machon 1989 7 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Achromadora Cobb 1913 24 Achromadoridae Chromadorida + +
Ackertia Vaz 1934 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Acmaeolaimus Filipjev 1918 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Acontylus Meagher 1968 1 Rotylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Acrobeles Linstow 1877 30 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Acrobelinema Khera 1968 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Acrobeloides Cobb 1924 26 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Acrobelophis Andrassy 1984 4 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Acrolobus Bostrom 1986 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Acromoldavicus Nesterov 1970 2 Elaphonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Acronema Rubtsov 1978 1 Marimermithidae Marimermithida +
Acrostichus Rahm 1928 36 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Acroukrainicus Holovachov, Bostrom & 2001 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Susulovsky
Actinca Andrassy 1964 8 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Actinolaimoides Meyl 1957 8 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Actinolaimus Cobb 1913 10 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Actinonema Cobb 1920 5 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Actus Baqri & Jairajpuri 1974 6 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Acuaria Bremser 1811 56 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Acugutturus Hunt 1980 1 Acugutturidae Panagrolaimida +
Acunemella Andrassy 2002 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Adelonema Mawson 1978 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Adelphos Ott 1997 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Adenodelphis Petter 1983 1 Benthimermithidae Benthimermithida +
Adenolaimus Andrassy 1973 6 Aulolaimoididae Dorylaimida +
Adieronema Timm 1967 4 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Admirandus Belogurov & 1979 3 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Belagurova

Adoncholaimus Filipjev 1918 27 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida + +
Adungella Timm 1967 3 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Aegialoalaimus De-Man 1907 9 Aegialoalaimidae Leptolaimida +
Aelurostrongylus Cameron 1927 6 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Aenigmenchus De-Ley, Coomans & 1994 1 Tylopharyngidae Diplogasterida +
Geraert
Aequalodontium Smolanko & Belogurov 1993 1 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Aetholaimus Jairajpuri 1965 5 Aetholaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Afenestrata Baldwin & Bell 1985 6 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Afractinca Vinciguerra & Clausi 2000 5 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Afractinolaimus Andrassy 1970 5 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Africana Travassos 1920 8 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Africanema Vincx & Furstenberg 1988 3 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Africanthion Inglis 1964 1 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Afritylenchus Singbo, Ieden & 1988 1 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Nesterov
Afrocarnoya Hunt 1998 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Afrodorylaimus Andrassy 1964 7 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Afronygus Heyns 1968 1 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Agamascaris Steiner 1924 2 Anisakidae Spirurida + +
Agamermis Cobb, Steiner & 1923 6 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Christie
Agamofilaria Stiles 1907 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Agamomermis Stiles 1903 10 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Agamospirura Henry & Sisoff 1913 10 Rhaptothyreidae Rhaptothyreida + +
Agfa Chitwood 1935 3 Agfidae Rhabditida +
Aglenchus Andrassy 1954 14 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Agmodorus Thorne 1964 5 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Agriostomum Railliet 1902 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Akanthepsilonema Gourbault & Decraemer 1991 2 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Akrotonus Thorne 1974 2 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Alaeuris Thapar 1925 38 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Alaimella Cobb 1920 2 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Alaimonema Cobb 1920 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Alaimus De-Man 1880 52 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Alainchabaudia Mawson 1968 1 Hartertiidae Spirurida +
Alaninema Theodorides 1957 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Albiziaphelenchus Bajaj 2012 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Algoanema Heyns & Furstenberg 1987 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Aliascaris Kalyankar 1971 2 Raphidascarididae Spirurida +
Alinema Rasheed 1963 1 Philometridae Spirurida + +
Alippistrongylus Celina-Digiani & 2014 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kinsella
Alirhabditis Suryawanshi 1971 2 Alirhabditidae Panagrolaimida +
Allantonema Leuckhart 1884 10 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Allintoshius Chitwood 1937 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +

Allodapa Diesing 1861 5 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Allodiplogaster Paramonov & 1954 34 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Sobolev in Skrjabin,
Shikobalova, Sobolev,
Paramonov &
Sudarikov
Allodorylaimus Andrassy 1986 27 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Alloionema Schneider 1859 5 Alloionematidae Panagrolaimida +
Allomermis Steiner 1924 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Allotrichodorus Rodriguez-M, Sher & 1978 6 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Siddiqi
Allotylenchus Andrassy 1984 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Alocostoma Mawson 1979 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Amblydorylaimus Andrassy 1998 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Amblydorylaimus Andrassy 1998 1 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Amblyonema Linstow 1898 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Amidostomoides Petrova 1987 15 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Amidostomum Railliet & Henry 1909 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Ammotheristus Lorenzen 1977 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Amphibelondira Rahman, Jairajpuri, 1987 5 Belondiridae Dorylaimida + +
Ahmad & Ahmad
Amphibiogoezia Ratnamala-Rao 1980 1 Anisakidae Spirurida + +
Amphibiomermis Artyukhovsky 1969 6 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Amphibiophilus Skryabin 1916 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Amphicephaloides Beveridge 1979 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Amphidelus Thorne 1939 20 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Amphidomermis Filipjev 1934 1 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Amphidorylaimus Andrassy 1960 3 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Amphimermis Kaburaki & Imamura 1932 23 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Amphimonhystera Allgen 1929 7 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Amphimonhystrella Timm 1961 3 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Amphisakis Chakravarty & 1960 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Majumdar
Amphisbaenema Orton-Williams 1982 1 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Amphispira Cobb 1920 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Amplicaecum Baylis 1920 17 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Amplimerlinius Siddiqi 1976 22 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Anadorella Siddiqi 2005 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Anandranema Poinar, Ferro, Morales 1993 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
& Tesh
Ananus Rubtsov 1977 1 Marimermithidae Marimermithida +
Anaplectus De-Coninck & 1933 12 Plectidae Plectida + +
Schuurmans-Stekhoven
Anaspiculuris Akhtar 1955 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Anatonchus Cobb 1916 13 Anatonchidae Mononchida + +
Anatrichosoma Smith & Chitwood 1945 5 Anatrichosomatidae Trichocephalida +
Anatrichosoma Smith & Chitwood 1945 5 Trichosomoididae Trichocephalida +
Anchidiplogaster Paramonov 1952 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +

Anchobelondira Nair & Coomans 1971 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Ancylostoma Dubini 1843 32 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Ancyracanthopsis Diesing 1861 8 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Ancyracanthus Diesing 1858 4 Gnathostomatidae Spirurida +
Andersonfilaria Bartlett & Bain 1987 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Andersonstrongylus Webster 1978 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Andrassya Brzeski 1960 2 Andrassyidae Ironida +
Angiostoma Dujardin 1845 21 Angiostomatidae Rhabditida +
Angiostrongylus Kamensky 1905 21 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Anguillicola Yamaguti 1935 1 Anguillicolidae Spirurida + +
Anguillicoloides Moravec & 1988 4 Anguillicolidae Spirurida + +
Taraschewski
Anguillonema Fuchs 1938 4 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Anguillula Mueller 1786 2 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Anguina Scopoli 1777 13 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Anguinoides Chitwood 1936 7 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Angulocirrus Biocca & Le-Roux 1957 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Angusticaecum Baylis 1920 5 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Angustinema Cobb 1933 1 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Anisakis Dujardin 1845 26 Anisakidae Spirurida + +
Anivanema Platonova 1976 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Anomalomermis Poinar, Walder & Uno 2015 4 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Anomalostoma Cordeira 1981 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Anomonema Hopper 1963 1 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Anomyctus Allen 1940 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Anoncholaimus Cobb 1920 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Anonchus Cobb 1913 10 Aphanolaimidae Leptolaimida + +
Anoplostoma Buetschli 1874 23 Anoplostomatidae Enoplida + +
Anoplostrongylus Boulenger 1926 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Antarctenchus Spaull 1972 1 Psilenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Antarcticonema Timm 1978 3 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Antarctylus Sher 1973 1 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Antechiniella Quentin & Beveridge 1986 4 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Antechinostrongylus Spratt 1981 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Antholaimus Cobb 1913 8 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Anthonema Cobb 1906 1 Plectidae Plectida +
Anticoma Bastian 1865 49 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Anticomopsis Micoletzky & Kreis 1930 4 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Anticyathus Cobb 1920 6 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Anticyclus Cobb 1920 8 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Antomicron Cobb 1920 6 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Antopus Cobb 1933 1 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Anuronema Clark 1978 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Aonchotheca Lopez-Neyra 1947 60 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Aorolaimus Sher 1963 7 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Aoruroides Travassos & Klos 1958 7 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +

Aorurus Leidy 1849 4 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Apenodraconema Allen & Noffsinger 1978 2 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Aphanimermis Rubzov 1981 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Aphanolaimus De-Man 1880 38 Aphanolaimidae Leptolaimida + + +
Aphanonchus Coomans & Raski 1991 8 Aphanolaimidae Leptolaimida + +
Aphasmatylenchus Sher 1965 4 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Aphelenchoides Fisher 1894 220 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida + + +
Aphelenchulus Cobb 1920 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Aphelenchus Bastian 1865 29 Aphelenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Apifilaria Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Aplectana Railliet & Henry 1916 65 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Apodontium Cobb 1920 4 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Apoleptonchus Siddiqi 1982 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Aponchium Cobb 1920 2 Aponchiidae Desmodorida +
Aponcholaimus Allgen 1957 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Aponema Jensen 1978 9 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Aporcedorus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1983 2 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Aporcelaimellus Heyns 1965 76 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Aporcelaimoides Heyns 1965 14 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Aporcelaimus Thorne & Swanger 1936 35 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Aporcelinus Andrassy 2009 41 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Aporcella Andrassy 2002 5 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Apratylenchoides Sher 1973 3 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Aprocta Linstow 1883 39 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Aproctella Cram 1931 13 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Aproctiana Skryabin 1934 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Aproctoides Chandler 1929 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Aproctonema Keilin 1917 3 Tetradonematidae Mermithida + +
Aprutides Scognamiglio, Talame 1970 2 Seinuridae Panagrolaimida +
& s’Jacob
Aquaemermis Rubtsov 1973 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Aquatides Heyns 1968 16 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Arabanema Turpeenniemi, Nasira & 2001 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Maqbool
Arachnomermis Rubtsov 1978 4 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Araeolaimus De-Man 1888 34 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Araguanema Ivanova & Hope 2004 3 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Aranimermis Poinar & Benton 1986 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Arboritynchus Reay 1991 1 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Archeonema Ricci 1988 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Archeostrongylus Biocca & Ferretti 1958 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Archepsilonema Steiner 1927 8 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Arctidorylaimus Mulvey & Anderson 1979 4 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Arctiplectus Andrassy 2003 1 Plectidae Plectida +
Arenasoma Yeates 1967 1 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Arganema Siddiqi 2016 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +

Arnfieldia Sarwar 1957 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Aronema Fadeeva & Belogurov 1988 2 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Arthrocephalus Ortlepp 1925 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Arthrostoma Cameron 1927 5 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Artigasia Christie 1934 34 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Arundelia Mawson 1977 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Asakawanema Durette-Desset & 2019 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Ascaridia Dujardin 1845 37 Ascaridiidae Spirurida +
Ascaris Linnaeus 1758 153 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Ascarites Poinar & Boucot 2006 3 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Ascarophis Van-Beneden 1871 47 Cystidicolidae Spirurida + +
Ascarops Van-Beneden 1873 9 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Ascaroterakis Vicente 1965 1 Schneidernematidae Spirurida +
Ascolaimus Ditlevsen 1919 3 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Ashworthius Le-Roux 1930 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Asperotobrilus Soshin 1991 3 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Aspiculuris Schulz 1927 12 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Aspidodera Railliet & Henry 1912 9 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Aspidonema Sachs 1949 7 Bunonematidae Rhabditida + +
Astomonema Ott, Rieger, Rieger & 1982 5 Siphonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Enderes
Asymmetracantha Mawson 1960 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Asymmetrella Cobb 1920 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Asynmelaimus Nguyen, Nguyen, Smol 2008 2 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
& Vanreusel
Atalodera Wouts & Sher 1971 13 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Ataronema Hasegawa 2005 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Atetylenchus Khan 1973 6 Psilenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Athernema Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1978 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Athusia Anwar & Jairajpuri 1976 2 Pharyngonematidae Drilonematida +
Atlantadorus Siddiqi 1974 1 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Atractis Dujardin 1945 17 Atractidae Spirurida +
Atrochromadora Wieser 1959 5 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Atylenchus Cobb 1913 1 Atylenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Auanema Kanzaki, Kiontke, 2017 10 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Tanaka, Hirooka,
Schwarz, Muller-
Reichert, Chaudhuri &
Pires-Da-Silva
Auchenacantha Baylis 1929 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Aulacnema Van, Luc, Spiridonov & 2005 1 Angiostomatidae Rhabditida +
Wilson
Aulolaimoides Micoletzky 1915 6 Aulolaimoididae Dorylaimida +
Aulolaimus De-Man 1880 26 Aulolaimidae Mermithida +
Aulonocephalus Chandler 1935 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Aulosphora Siddiqi 1980 11 Hemicycliophoridae Panagrolaimida +

Australodorus Coomans, Olmos, 2004 1 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Casella & Chaves
Austraplectana Baker 1981 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Austromermis Poinar 1990 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Austronema Cobb 1914 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Austrostrongylus Chandler 1924 13 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Austroxyuris Johnson & Mawson 1938 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Avellaria Freitas & Lent 1934 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Aviculariella Wehr 1931 4 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Avifilaris Chapman Saunders 1955 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Avilandras Skryabin & 1951 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova in
Skryabin
Avioserpens Wehr & Chitwood 1934 4 Dracunculidae Spirurida + +
Axonchium Cobb 1920 39 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Axonchoides Thorne 1967 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Axonolaimus De-Man 1889 36 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida + +
Baikalomermis Rubtzov 1976 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Bainechina Smales 1999 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Bairdascaris Sprent 1982 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Bakeria Moravec & Sey 1986 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Bakernema Wu 1964 2 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Baladorylaimus Andrassy 2001 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Baldwinema Atighi, Pourjam, Bert, 2015 4 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Pedram, Ghaemi &
Panahandeh
Bancroftinema Johnston & Mawson 1941 1 Spiruridae Spirurida + +
Baqriella Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1989 3 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Barbonema Filipjev 1927 3 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Barracudia Moravec & Shamsi 2017 4 Philometridae Spirurida +
Baruscapillaria Moravec 1982 36 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Basilaphelenchus Pedram, Kanzaki, 2018 3 Tylaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Giblin-Davis &
Pourjam
Basirella Biswas & Chakravarty 1963 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Basiria Siddiqi 1959 55 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Basirotyleptus Jairajpuri 1964 44 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Bastiania De-Man 1876 9 Bastianiidae Tripylida + +
Bathmostomum Railliet & Henry 1909 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Bathychaetosoma Decraemer, Gourbault 1997 1 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
& Backeljau
Bathyepsilonema Steiner 1927 26 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Bathyeurystomina Lambshead & Platt 1979 4 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Bathylaimella Allgen 1930 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Bathylaimus Cobb 1894 35 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Bathymermis Daday 1911 5 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Bathynox Bussau & Vopel 1999 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +

Bathyodontus Fielding 1950 3 Bathyodontidae Bathyodontida +
Batracholandros Freitas & Ibañez 1965 4 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Batrachonema Yuen 1965 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Batrachostrongylus Yuen 1963 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Baujardia Bert, Tandingan-De- 2003 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida + +
Ley, Van-Driessche,
Segers & De-Ley
Bauruascaris Cardia, Bertini, 2019 4 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Camossi & Letizio
Baylisascaris Sprent 1968 14 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Bealius Massey & Hinds 1970 4 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Beaninema Caspeta, Mandujano, 2001 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida + +
Moravec & Salgado-
Maldonado
Befilaria Chabaud, Anderson & 1959 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Brygoo
Belaxellus Thorne 1974 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Belbolla Andrassy 1973 12 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Belgopeltula Holovachov 2017 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Bellodera Wouts 1985 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Belondira Thorne 1939 47 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Belondirella Thorne 1964 2 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Belondonygolaimellus Hodda 2021 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Belonolaimus Steiner 1949 5 Belonolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Bendiella Leduc 2013 6 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Benthimermis Petter 1980 30 Benthimermithidae Benthimermithida +
Berntsenus Massey 1974 2 Berntsenidae Panagrolaimida +
Bertzuckermania Khera 1970 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Betulodera Sturhan 2002 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Beveridgea Mawson 1980 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Beveridgiella Humphery Smith 1981 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Bhalfilaria Bhalerao & Krishna 1944 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Rao
Biacantha Wolfgang 1954 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Biarmifer Weiser 1954 3 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Bicirronema Andrassy 1978 4 Bicirronematidae Panagrolaimida +
Bidentostomum Tshoijo 1957 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Bidigiticauda Chitwood 1938 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Biguetius Chabaud, Petter & 1961 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Golvan
Bilobodera Sharma & Siddiqi 1992 2 Rotylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Bilobostoma Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2005 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Binema Travassos 1925 12 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Bioccastrongylus Chabaud & Petter 1961 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Biogastranema Rohrbacher & 1954 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Ehrenford
Bisbalia Bain & Guerrero 2003 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +

Bispiculum Zervos 1980 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Bissonema Rubtsov 1978 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Bitylenchus Filipjev 1934 32 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Blaberinema Garcia & Coy 1998 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Blandicephalanema Mehta & Raski 1971 5 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Blanusia Zapatero, Castano, 1991 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Fernandez, Lopez,
Martinez & Martin-
Rueda
Blatticola Schwenck 1926 11 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Blattophila Cobb 1920 13 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Blazionema Kloss 1966 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Blepharomermis Poinar 1990 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Bodonema Jensen 1991 1 Bodonematidae Monhysterida +
Boehmiella Gebauer 1932 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Bolbellia Gerlach & Riemann 1974 6 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Bolbinium Cobb 1920 1 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Bolbolaimus Cobb 1920 16 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Bolbonema Cobb 1920 11 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Boleodorus Thorne 1941 27 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Bongersia Platonova 1988 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Boomerangia Siddiqi 1994 2 Tylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Boraceianema Travassos & Kloss 1958 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Borania Ricci 1939 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Boreolaimus Andrassy 1998 7 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Boreomicrolaimoides Allgen 1954 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Borrellostrongylus Gutierrez 1945 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Bostrichodera Sandground 1938 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Boucherius Decraemer & Jensen 1982 1 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Bourgelatia Railliet, Henry & 1919 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Bauche
Bourgelatioides Chandler 1931 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Bovienema Nickle 1963 5 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Boydinema Barus & Tenora 1972 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Brachonchulus Andrassy 1958 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Brachyclonus Railliet & Henry 1910 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Brachydorus De-Guiran & Germani 1968 3 Dolichodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Bradybucca Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1956 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Bradylaimus Stekhoven 1931 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Bradynema Zur-Strassen 1892 8 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Bradypostrongylus Price 1928 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Brasilaimus Lordello & Zamith 1957 7 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Brasilnema Moravec, Kohn & 1992 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Fernandes
Breinlia Yorke & Maplestone 1926 22 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Brevibucca Goodey 1935 3 Brevibuccidae Rhabditida +

Brevigraphidium Teixeira-De-Freitas & 1960 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Machado-De-Mendonca
Brevinema Rubtsov 1978 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Brevistriata Travassos 1937 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Brevithominx Travassos, Teixeira-De- 1964 1 Trichinellidae Trichocephalida +
Freitas & Machado-De-
Mendonca
Brittonema Thorne 1967 3 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Bronchonema Moennig 1932 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Brugia Buckley 1960 10 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Brumptaemilius Dollfus 1952 13 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Brygoonema Durette-Desset & 1981 10 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabaud
Buccolaimus Allgen 1960 1 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Buckleyatractis Khalil & Gibbons 1988 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Buckleyella Rasheed 1963 4 Philometridae Spirurida + +
Buckleynema Ali & Singh 1954 7 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Buetschlinema Sudhaus 2011 5 Cruznematidae Rhabditida +
Bufonerakis Baker 1980 2 Heterakidae Spirurida + +
Bullaenema Sauer 1968 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Bunomystrongylus Hasegawa & Mangali 1996 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Bunonema Jaegerskioeld 1905 19 Bunonematidae Rhabditida + +
Bunostomum Railliet 1902 8 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Burmanema Timm 1967 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Bursadera Ivanova & Krall 1985 1 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida +
Bursaphelenchus Fuchs 1937 174 Parasitaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Bursilla Andrassy 1976 8 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Butlerius Goodey 1929 17 Pseudodiplogasteroididae Diplogasterida + +
Buzionema Kloss 1966 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Caballeronema Margolis 1977 2 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Caballonema Abuladze 1937 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cacolaimus Kreis 1932 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Cacopaurus Thorne 1943 1 Paratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cactodera Krall & Krall 1978 20 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida + +
Caenorhabditis Osche 1952 56 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Caenostrongylus Lent & Freitas 1938 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cagourakis Petter, Chermette & 1989 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Vassart
Calcaridorylaimus Andrassy 1986 10 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Californidorus Robbins & Weiner 1978 4 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Caligocanna Bussau & Vopel 1999 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Calligyrus Lorenzen 1969 2 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Callistoura Chabaud & Petter 1958 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Calolaimus Timm 1964 8 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Calomicrolaimus Lorenzen 1976 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Caloosia Siddiqi & Goodey 1963 11 Hemicycliophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Calvigula Siddiqi 1995 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +

Calypsostrongylus Schmidt in Schmidt, 1967 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Myers & Kuntz
Calyptronema Marion 1870 19 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Camallanides Baylis & Daubney 1922 13 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Camallanus Railliet & Henry 1915 124 Camallanidae Spirurida + + +
Camelodera Krall, Shagalina & 1988 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Ivanova
Camelostrongylus Orloff 1933 20 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cameronecator Lichtenfels 1980 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Cameronia Basir 1948 14 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Campanarougetia Le-Van-Hoa & Pham- 1967 2 Cucullanidae Spirurida +
Ngoc-Khue
Campbellenchus Wouts 1978 2 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Camponotimermis Pimenova & 1980 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Muchamedzjanova in
Ipatjeva, Pimenova &
Mukhamedzyanova
Campydora Cobb 1920 1 Campydoridae Ironida +
Campydoroides Holovachov 2019 1 Campydoridae Ironida +
Campylaimus Cobb 1920 29 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Capillaria Zeder 1800 168 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + + +
Capillostrongyloides Freitas & Lent 1935 9 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Capilonchus Siddiqi 1982 2 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Capitomermis Rubzov 1968 7 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Caprionchulus Swart & Heyns 1993 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Captivonema Manun, Bose, Sayer & 1994 2 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Bostrom
Caputonchus Siddiqi 1984 1 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Carabonema Stammer & Wachek 1952 1 Carabonematidae Diplogasterida +
Carcharolaimus Thorne 1967 11 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Cardianema Alicata 1933 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Cardiofilaria Strom 1937 9 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Cardiostrongylus Sakamoto & Malgor 1995 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Caribenema Thorne 1967 5 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Caribplectus Andrassy 1973 1 Chronogasteridae Plectida +
Carinoscapter Siddiqi 1998 1 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Carlosia Travassos & Kloss 1957 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Carnoya Gilson 1898 30 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Carnoychaeta Garcia Coy & Alvarez 1995 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Carolinensis Travassos 1937 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Caroloxyuris Jimenez-Ruiz & 2003 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Gardner
Carostrongylus Durette-Desset & 1989 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Vaucher
Carphodorus Colbran 1965 1 Belonolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Caryboca Lordello 1967 4 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Cascofilaria Poinar 2011 6 Filariidae Spirurida +
Cassunema Beveridge & Johnson 1981 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +

Castorstrongylus Chapin 1925 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Catanema Cobb 1920 4 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Catoralaimellus Siddiqi 2002 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Cattiena Hunt & Spiridonov 2001 2 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Caveonchus Siddiqi 1982 5 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Caviputa Siddiqi 1993 10 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Cenolaimus Cobb 1933 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Cephalanticoma Platonova 1976 1 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Cephalenchus Goodey 1962 20 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Cephalobellus Cobb 1920 34 Thelastomatidae Spirurida + +
Cephalobium Cobb 1920 13 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida +
Cephaloboides Sudhaus 1980 12 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Cephalobus Bastian 1865 30 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Cephalochaetosoma Kito 1983 1 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Cephalodorylaimus Jairajpuri 1967 2 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Cephaluris Akhtar 1947 7 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Ceramonema Cobb 1920 21 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Ceratomermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Ceratoplectus Andrassy 1984 6 Plectidae Plectida + +
Ceratosolenus Rajeswari-Anand 2005 2 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Ceratospira Schneider 1866 4 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Cercogylus Petter & Brochier 1989 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cercopithifilaria Eberhard 1980 25 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Cervidellus Thorne 1937 16 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Cervoannulatus Bajaj 1998 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cervonema Wieser 1954 20 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Cervonemella Beveridge 2001 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabaudechina Smales 1999 2 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Chabaudiella Diaz-Ungria 1963 1 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Chabaudistrongylus Kontrimavichus & 1979 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Delyamure
Chabaudstrongylus Durette-Desset & 1978 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Denke
Chabertia Railliet & Henry 1909 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabertiella Tadros 1964 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabfilaria Bain, Dedet & Purnom 1983 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Chabirenia Lhermitte, Vallarino, 2005 1 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Bain, Deharo, Bertani,
Voza, Attout & Gaucher
Chaetonema Filipjev 1927 6 Anoplostomatidae Enoplida +
Chalcidonema Poinar 2011 1 Parasitaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Chambersiella Cobb 1920 1 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Chandlerella Yorke & Maplestone 1926 25 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Chandleronema Little & Ali 1980 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Chapiniella Yamaguti 1961 4 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cheilobus Cobb 1924 1 Alloionematidae Panagrolaimida +

Cheilonematodum Johnston & Mawson 1941 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Cheilospirura Diesing 1861 12 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Cheironchus Cobb 1917 8 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Cheiropteronema Sandground 1929 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cheloniheterakis Yamaguti 1961 1 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Cherylia Bain, Petit, Jacquet, 1985 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Viallet & Houin
Chevreuxia Seurat 1918 5 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Chilenchus Siddiqi 2000 1 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Chilonema Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Chiloplacoides Heyns 1994 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Chiloplacus Thorne 1937 33 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Chiropterofilaria Yeh, Symes & Mataika 1958 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Chisholmia Durette-Desset & 2015 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Chitinotylenchus Micoletzky 1922 5 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Chitwoodchabaudia Puylaert 1970 1 Chitwoodchabaudiidae Spirurida + +
Chitwoodia Gerlach 1956 2 Tubolaimoididae Leptolaimida +
Chitwoodiella Basir 1948 8 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Chitwoodiellus Jimenez-Guirado & 1992 5 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Pena-Santiago
Chitwoodieloides Ahmad & Araki 2003 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Chitwoodius Furstenburg & Heys 1966 15 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Chitwoodspirura Chabaud & Rousselot 1956 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Chlamydoprocta Chandler 1954 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Chloronemella Allgen 1929 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Choanolaimus De-Man 1880 1 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Chondronema Christie & Chitwood 1931 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Choniangium Railliet, Henry & 1914 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Bauche
Choniolaimus Ditlevsen 1919 5 Choniolaimidae Selachinematida +
Chordatortilis Mendonca & Rodrigues 1965 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Chordocephalus Alegret 1941 5 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Choriorhabditis Osche 1952 4 Choriorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Christiella Travassos & Kloss 1957 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Chromadora Bastian 1865 29 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Chromadorella Filipjev 1918 14 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Chromadorina Filipjev 1918 27 Chromadoridae Chromadorida + +
Chromadorissa Filipjev 1918 3 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Chromadorita Filipjev 1922 38 Chromadoridae Chromadorida + +
Chromadoropsis Filipjev 1918 5 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Chromaspirina Filipjev 1918 27 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Chronogaster Cobb 1913 43 Chronogasteridae Plectida + + +
Chrysomelimermis Rubtsov & Salmanov 1979 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Chrysonema Thorne 1929 10 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Cienfuegia Armenteros, Vincx & 2009 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Decraemer

Cinctonema Cobb 1920 3 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Cissophyllus Railliet & Henry 1912 4 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Citellina Prendel 1928 11 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Citellinema Hall 1916 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Citellinoides Dikmans 1939 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cithariniella Khalil 1964 4 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Cladocephalus Swart & Heyns 1991 1 Aulolaimoididae Dorylaimida +
Clarkus Jairajpuri 1970 12 Mononchidae Mononchida + +
Clavicauda Heyns 1968 4 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Clavicuadoides Heyns 1968 11 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Clavinema Yamaguti 1935 3 Philometridae Spirurida +
Clementeia Artigas 1930 3 Ransomnematidae Rhigonematida +
Cloacina Linstow 1898 159 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cnizostrongylus Chabaud, Durette- 1967 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Houin
Coarctadera Dougherty 1953 9 Peloderidae Rhabditida +
Cobbia De-Man 1907 13 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Cobbionema Filipjev 1922 5 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Cobboldina Leiper 1911 3 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Cobbonchulus Andrassy 2009 1 Cobbonchidae Mononchida +
Cobbonchus Andrassy 1958 32 Cobbonchidae Mononchida + +
Codiostomum Railliet & Henry 1911 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Colbranium Andrassy 1979 1 Hemicycliophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Colobostrongylus Sandground 1929 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Colporhabditis Andrassy 1976 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Columbostrongylus Puyleart 1968 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Comephoronema Layman 1933 7 Cystidicolidae Spirurida + +
Comesa Gerlach 1956 11 Neotonchidae Chromadorida +
Comesoma Bastian 1865 13 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Comesomoides Gourbault 1980 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Congerinema Moravec, Nagasawa, 2019 1 Philometridae Spirurida +
Nitta & Tawa
Conilia Gerlach 1954 4 Ironidae Ironida +
Coninckia Gerlach 1956 5 Coninckiidae Monhysterida +
Conispiculum Pandit, Pandit & Iyer 1929 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Contortylenchus Ruehm 1956 20 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Contracaecum Railliet & Henry 1912 108 Anisakidae Spirurida + + +
Coomansinema Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1989 13 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Coomansus Jairajpuri & Khan 1977 21 Mononchidae Mononchida + +
Cooperia Ransom 1907 33 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Copalonema Poinar 2011 1 Tylencholaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Copemania Durette-Desset & 1981 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Beveridge
Coprotylenchus Akopova 1997 1 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cordicauda Durette-Desset 1971 12 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cordonicola Ali & Farooqui 1969 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +

Corethrellonema Nickle 1969 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Cornilaimus Truskova & Eroshenko 1977 1 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Cornurella Da-Silva, Rodrigues- 2018 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Da-Silva, Esteves &
Decraemer
Corollonema Beveridge & Chilton 1998 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Corollostrongylus Beveridge 1978 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Coronocephalus Cordeira 1981 2 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Coronocyclus Hartwich 1986 6 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Corononema Nicholas & Stewart 1995 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Coronostoma Rao 1958 8 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Coronostrongylus Johnston & Mawson 1939 9 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Corpicracens Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2006 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Corydiella Rao & Rao 1965 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Corythostoma Wieser 1956 3 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Cosalaimus Siddiqi 1993 6 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Coslenchus Siddiqi 1978 40 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cosmocephalus Molin 1858 10 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Cosmocerca Diesing 1861 40 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Cosmocercella Steiner 1924 10 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Cosmocercoides Wilkie 1930 28 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Cosmostrongylus Spratt 1984 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cosmoxynema Travassos 1949 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Cosmoxynemoides Travassos 1949 3 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Costanemella Andrassy 2001 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Courduriella Chabaud, Brygoo & 1961 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Petter
Cranifera Kloss 1960 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Craspedonema Richters 1908 3 Bunonematidae Rhabditida +
Crassibucca Mulvey & Jensen 1967 4 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Crassicauda Leiper & Atkinson 1914 12 Tetrameridae Spirurida +
Crassinema Rubtsov 1978 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Crassogula Andrassy 1991 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Crassolabium Yeates 1967 5 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Crassolaimus Kreis 1929 2 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Crassonchus Siddiqi 2015 12 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Crateronema Siddiqi 1969 2 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Craterostomum Boulenger 1920 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Creagrocercus Baylis 1943 1 Creagrocercidae Drilonematida +
Crenatobronema Solovjeva 1987 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Crenopharynx Filipjev 1934 11 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Crenosoma Molin 1861 16 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Crestanema Pastor-De-Ward 1985 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Crestonchulus Siddiqi & Jairajpuri 2002 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Cretaciaphelenchoides Poinar 2011 1 Aphelenchoididae Panarolaimida +

Cretacimermis Poinar, Acra & Acra 1994 5 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Cretodiplogaster Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Cribronema Siddiqi 1993 3 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Cricodorylaimus Ahmad & Sturhan 2001 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Cricolaimus Southern 1914 2 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Criconema Hofmaenner & Menzel 1914 106 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Criconemoides Taylor 1936 45 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida + +
Criptonchus Cobb 1913 1 Ironidae Ironida +
Cristamphidelus Siddiqi & Vinciguerra 1991 8 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Cristitectus Petter 1970 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Crocodorylaimus Andrassy 1988 10 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Crocodylocapillaria Moravec & Spratt 1998 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Croconema Cobb 1920 19 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Croserinema Khan, Chawla & Saha 1976 3 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Crossocephalus Railliet 1909 4 Atractidae Spirurida +
Crossonema Mehta & Raski 1971 36 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Crossophorus Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1828 1 Crossophoridae Spirurida +
Cruorifilaria Eberhard, Morales & 1976 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Orihel
Crustafila Poinar 2011 1 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Crustorhabditis Sudhaus 1974 5 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida + + +
Cruzia Travassos 1917 12 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Cruznema Artigas 1927 8 Cruznematidae Rhabditida + +
Crycophorus Chaves 1930 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cryonema Tchesunov & Riemann 1995 2 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Cryphodera Colbran 1966 15 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Cryptaphelenchoides J.B. Goodey 1960 5 Ektaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cryptaphelenchus Fuchs 1937 34 Ektaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Cryptenoplus Riemann 1966 1 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Cryptolaimus Cobb 1933 2 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Cryptonchus Cobb 1913 4 Cryptonchidae Bathyodontida + + +
Ctenascarophis Mamaev 1968 2 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Ctenodactylina Bernard 1969 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Cucullanus Mueller 1777 189 Cucullanidae Spirurida + +
Cucullitylenchus Huang & Raski 1986 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Culicimermis Rubtsov & Isaeva 1975 3 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Cupostomella Siddiqi 2013 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Curvicaudatum Khatoon, Bilqees, Ghazi 2004 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
& Jaffery
Curviditis Dougherty 1953 2 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Curvidorylaimus Jairajpuri & Goodey 1983 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Curvolaimus Weiser 1953 5 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Cuticonema Sanwal 1959 1 Brevibuccidae Rhabditida +
Cuticularia Van-Der-Linde 1938 6 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Cyartonema Tchesunov 1989 8 Cyartonematidae Desmoscolecida +
Cyatholaimus Bastian 1865 26 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida + +

Cyathonchus Cobb 1933 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Cyathoshiva Datta, Miljutin, 2016 2 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Chakraborty &
Mohapatra
Cyathospirura Baylis 1934 6 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Cyathostoma E.Blanchard 1849 18 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cyathostomum Molin 1861 32 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cyclobulura Quentin 1977 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Cyclodontostomum Adams 1933 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cyclopsinema Cobb 1927 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Cyclostrongylus Johnston & Mawson 1939 10 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cyclozone Dogiel 1932 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Cygnonema Allen & Noffsinger 1978 1 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Cylicocyclus Ihle 1922 18 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cylicodontophorus Ihle 1922 8 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cylicolaimus De-Man 1889 5 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Cylicospirura Vevers 1922 10 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Cylicostephanus Ihle 1922 15 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cylicostrongylus Yamaguti 1961 3 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Cylindrolaimus De-Man 1880 22 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida + + +
Cylindropharynx Leiper 1911 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Cynura Cobb 1920 5 Chronogasteridae Plectida +
Cyrnea Seurat 1914 28 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Cyrtosomum Gedoelst 1919 7 Atractidae Spirurida +
Cystidicola Fischer 1798 9 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Cystidicoloides Skinker 1931 7 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Cystocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass 1933 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cystofilaria Skryabin & 1948 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova
Cystoopsis Wagner 1867 3 Cystoopsidae Trichocephalida +
Cytolaimium Cobb 1920 2 Trefusiidae Trefusiida + +
Dacnitis Dujardin 1845 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Dacnitoides Ward & Magath 1917 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Dactylaimoides Blome 2002 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Dactylaimus Cobb 1920 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Dactyluraxonchium Coomans & Nair 1975 2 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Dagda Southern 1914 1 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Daniconema Moravec & Koie 1987 1 Daniconematidae Spirurida + +
Daptonema Cobb 1920 167 Xyalidae Monhysterida + +
Dartevellenia Ezzat 1954 1 Crossophoridae Spirurida +
Dasylaimus Cobb 1933 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Dasynemella Cobb 1933 6 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Dasynemoides Chitwood 1936 6 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Daubaylia Chitwood & Chitwood 1934 9 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Daubneyia Le-Roux 1940 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Davenema Mohagan & Spiridonov 2017 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +

Dayellus Inglis 1964 1 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Decamermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Decrusia Lane 1914 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Deficephalobus De-Ley & Coomans 1990 3 Osstellidae Panagrolaimida +
Deladenus Thorne 1941 40 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Delatylus Yu, Munawar, Gu & Ye 2018 1 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Deletrocephalus Diesing 1851 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Deleyia Holovachov & Bostrom 2006 2 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Delicata Travassos 1935 10 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Deliria Vicente, Magalhaes, 1980 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Pinto & Noronha
Deltanema Kreis 1929 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Demaniella Steiner 1914 6 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Demonema Cobb 1894 1 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Dentatonema Kreis 1928 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Denticulella Cobb 1933 4 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Denticulospirura Johnston & Mawson 1941 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Dentinema Moravec, Chara & 2004 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Shinn
Dentiphilometra Moravec & Wang 2002 3 Philometridae Spirurida +
Dentirumai Quiazon & Moravec 2012 1 Philometridae Spirurida +
Dentolaimoides Khan 1994 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Dentomermis Rubtsov & Polishchuk, 1975 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Dentostomella Schulz & 1932 6 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Krepkogroskaja
Deontolaimus De-Man 1880 7 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Deontostoma Filipjev 1916 16 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Dermatopallarya Skryabin 1924 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Dermatoxys Schneider 1866 9 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Desmicola Basir 1956 9 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Desmidocerca Skryabin 1916 1 Desmidocercidae Spirurida +
Desmidocercella Yorke & Maplestone 1926 4 Desmidocercidae Spirurida +
Desmodora De-Man 1889 78 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Desmodorella Cobb 1933 14 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Desmognathinema Baker, Goater & Esch 1987 3 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Desmolaimoides Jensen 1986 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Desmolaimus De-Man 1880 18 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida + +
Desmolorenzenia Freudenhammer 1975 13 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Desmoscolex Claparede 1863 99 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida + +
Desmotimmia Freudenhammer 1975 1 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Desmotricoma Decraemer 1984 1 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Desportesius Chabaud & Campana 1949 10 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Dessetfilaria Bartlett & Bain 1987 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Dessetia Genov & Janchev 1981 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Dessetostrongylus Humphery Smith 1981 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Devibursaphelenchus Kakulia 1967 8 Parasitaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +

Diaphanocephalus Diesing 1851 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Diastolaimus Rahm 1928 2 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Dicelis Dujardin 1845 18 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Diceloides Timm 1967 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Dicerocola Round 1962 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Diceronema Gibbons, Knapp & 1996 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Krecek
Dicheilonema Diesing 1861 10 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Dichelyne Jaegerskioeld 1902 63 Cucullanidae Spirurida + +
Dichromadora Kreis 1929 2 Chromadoridae Chromadorida + +
Dictyocaulus Railliet & Henry 1907 15 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Didelphonema Wolfgang 1953 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Didelphostrongylus Prestwood 1976 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Didelphoxyuris Gardner & Hugot 1995 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Didelphyoptera Schulz 1927 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Didelphysoma Schulz 1927 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Didelta Cobb 1920 5 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Didilia Tang, Hominick, 1993 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Killick, Kendrick,
Killick, Kendrick &
Page
Digitiphilometroides Moravec & Barton 2018 1 Philometridae Spirurida +
Dinetia Decraemer & Gourbault 1997 2 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Dintheria De-Man 1921 1 Bastianiidae Tripylida +
Dioctophyme Collet-Meygret 1802 1 Dioctophymatidae Dioctophymatida +
Dioctowittus Chabaud & Hoa 1960 4 Cystoopsidae Trichocephalida +
Diodontolaimus Southern 1914 3 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Diomedenema Johnston & Mawson 1952 3 Desmidocercidae Spirurida +
Dipetalonema Diesing 1861 38 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Diphtherophora Micoletzky 1922 37 Diphtherophoridae Triplonchida +
Diplobathylaimus Allgen 1959 1 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Diplogaster Schultze in Carus 1857 7 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Diplogasteriana Meyl 1960 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Diplogasteritus Paramonov 1952 3 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Diplogasteroides De-Man 1912 37 Diplogasteroididae Diplogasterida +
Diplogastrellus Paramonov 1952 2 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Diplolaimella Allgen 1929 11 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + +
Diplolaimelloides Meyl 1954 11 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + +
Diplonema Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Diplopeltis Cobb in Stiles & Hassal 1905 6 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Diplopeltoides Gerlach 1962 23 Diplopeltoididae Leptolaimida +
Diplopeltula Gerlach 1950 6 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Diploscapter Cobb 1913 14 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Diploscapteroides Rahm 1928 7 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Diplotriaena Railliet & Henry in 1909 65 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Henry & O’Zoux

Diptenchus Khan, Chawla & 1969 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Seshadri
Dipteromermis Rubtzov 1976 1 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Dirofilaria Railliet & Henry 1910 47 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Dirofilariaeformia Lubimov 1935 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Dirofilarionema Sonin 1963 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Discocriconemella De-Grisse & Loof 1965 31 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Discoditis Andrassy 1983 2 Choriorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Discolaimium Thorne 1939 36 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Discolaimoides Heyns 1963 16 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Discolaimus Cobb 1913 42 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Discomermis Coman 1971 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Discomyctus Thorne 1939 10 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Disconema Filipjev 1918 8 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Discopersicus Yaghoubi, Pourjam, 2016 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Alvarez-Ortega,
Liebanas & Pedram
Discotylenchus Siddiqi 1980 10 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Dispira Cobb 1933 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Distolabrellus Anderson 1983 3 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ditlevsenella Filipjev 1927 4 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Ditremamermis Camino & Poinar 1989 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Ditylenchus Filipjev 1936 89 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Divisispiculimermis De-Doucet 1986 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Diximermis Nickle 1972 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Doanhnema Durette-Desset, Digiani, 2017 12 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama
Dogielophis Doweld 2016 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Dolichodera Mulvey & Ebsary 1980 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Dolichodorus Cobb 1914 20 Dolichodoridae Panagrolaimida + +
Dolicholaimus De-Man 1888 10 Ironidae Ironida +
Dolichorhabditis Andrassy 1983 10 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Dolichosomatum Allgen 1951 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Doliolaimus Lorenzen 1966 1 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Dollfusnema Caballero 1974 2 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Dollfusstrongylus Quentin 1970 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Dominicactinolaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992 1 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Domorganus Goodey 1947 10 Ohridiidae Leptolaimida + + +
Donsinema Allgen 1949 1 Anoplostomatidae Enoplida +
Donsinemella Allgen 1949 1 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Dorcopsinema Mawson 1977 10 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Dorcopsistrongylus Smales 1982 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Dorella Jairajpuri 1964 4 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Doronchus Andrassy 1993 2 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Dorydorella Andrassy 1987 4 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Dorylaimellus Cobb 1913 85 Belondiridae Dorylaimida + +

Dorylaimoides Thorne & Swanger 1936 80 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen 1918 33 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Dorylaimus Dujardin 1845 28 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Doryllium Cobb 1920 16 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Doryonchus Kreis 1932 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Dracogalerus Allen & Noffsinger 1978 3 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Dracognomus Allen & Noffsinger 1978 7 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Dracograllus Allen & Noffsinger 1978 21 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Draconactus Allen & Noffsinger 1978 2 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Draconema Cobb 1913 22 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Dracotoronema Allen & Noffsinger 1978 1 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Dracunculus Reichard 1759 11 Dracunculidae Spirurida + +
Draschia Chitwood & Wehr 1934 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Drasico Ivanova, Ganin & 2014 4 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Spiridonov
Drepanodorylaimus Jairajpuri 1966 18 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Drilocephalobus Coomans & Goodey 1965 7 Osstellidae Panagrolaimida +
Drilomermis Poinar & Petersen 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Drilonema Pierantoni 1916 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Dromaeostrongylus Lubimow 1933 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Dujardinascaris Baylis 1927 32 Ascarididae Spirurida + + +
Dukerostrongylus Dinnik & Boev 1982 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Dunnifilaria Mullin & Balasingham 1973 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Duosulcius Siddiqi 1979 2 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Duplicaecum Majumdar & 1963 1 Anisakidae Spirurida + +
Chakravarty
Durettechina Smales 2000 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Durettenema Ju, Li & Zhang 2017 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Durettestrongylus Guerrero 1983 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Duriella Dhanam & Jairajpuri 1999 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Durikainema Spratt & Speare 1982 2 Robertdollfusidae Muspiceida +
Durinema Jairajpuri 1966 2 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Echinocephalus Molin 1858 17 Gnathostomatidae Spirurida +
Echinocoleus Lopez-Neyra 1947 5 Trichinellidae Trichocephalida +
Echinodesmodora Blome 1982 3 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Echinodorus Siddiqi 1995 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Echinomermella Chitwood 1933 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Echinotheristus Thun & Riemann 1967 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Echinuria Soloviev 1912 12 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Echinurioides Thwaite 1926 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Echonema Bussau 1993 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Ecphyadophora De-Man 1921 8 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Ecphyadophoroides Corbett 1964 2 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Ecuadorus Siddiqi 2002 1 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Ecumenicus Thorne 1974 4 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Edesonfilaria Yeh 1960 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +

Egtitis Thorne 1967 20 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Ekphymatodera Baldwin, Bernard & 1989 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Mundo-Ocampo
Ektaphelenchoides Baujard 1984 21 Ektaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Ektaphelenchus Fuchs 1937 35 Ektaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Elaeolenchus Poinar, Jackson, Bell & 2002 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Wahid
Elaeophora Railliet & Henry 1912 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Elaphonema Heyns 1962 6 Elaphonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Elaphostrongylus Cameron 1931 5 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Eleutherolaimus Filipjev 1922 27 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Elzalia Gerlach 1957 13 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Enchelidiella Allgen 1954 1 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Enchelidium Ehrenberg 1836 8 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Enchodeloides Elsishka, Lazarova, 2017 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Radoslavov, Hristiv &
Peneva
Enchodelus Thorne 1939 37 Nordiidae Dorylaimida + + +
Enchodorus Vinciguerra 1976 4 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Encholaimus Golden & Murphy 1967 2 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Endeolophos Boucher 1976 5 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Enoplochilus Kreis 1932 1 Ironidae Ironida +
Enoploides Saveljev 1912 8 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida + +
Enoplolaimus De-Man 1893 42 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida + +
Enoplus Dujardin 1845 51 Enoplidae Enoplida +
Entaphelenchus Wachek 1955 6 Entaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Enterobius Leach in Baird 1853 27 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Entomelas Travassos 1930 9 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Eomermis Steiner 1925 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Eophasma Arduini, Pinna & 1983 2 Eophasmidae Desmoscolecida +
Teruzzi
Epacanthion Wieser 1953 33 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Epacrolaimus Andrassy 2000 2 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Epicharinema Raski, Maggenti, Koshy 1980 1 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
& Sosamma
Epidorylaimus Andrassy 1986 14 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Epimenides Gutierrez 1949 1 Cruznematidae Rhabditida +
Epitobrilus Tsalolikhin 1981 25 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Epomidiostomum Skryabin 1915 15 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Epsilonema Steiner 1927 115 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Equilophos Durette-Desset & 2015 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Equinurbia Lane 1914 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Ereptonema Anderson 1966 5 Plectidae Plectida + +
Esocinema Moravec 1977 1 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Etamphidelus Andrassy 1977 10 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Ethmodora Khera 1975 1 Ethmolaimidae Chromadorida +

Ethmolaimus De-Man 1880 17 Ethmolaimidae Chromadorida + +
Eubostrichus Greef 1869 12 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Eucephalobus Steiner 1936 11 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida + + +
Euchromadora De-Man 1886 26 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Euchromanema Kulikov & Dashchenko 1991 2 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Eucoleus Dujardin 1845 34 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + +
Eucyathostomum Molin 1861 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Eudorylaimus Andrassy 1959 107 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida + + +
Eudromoxyura Anderson & Prestwood 1972 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Eudronema Remillet & Van- 1973 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Waerebeke
Eufilaria Seurat 1921 17 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Eumermis Daday 1911 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Eumonhystera Andrassy 1981 36 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + + +
Euryconema Chitwood 1932 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Eurymermis Mueller 1931 8 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Eurystomina Filipjev 1921 47 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Eustrongylides Jaegerskiold 1909 17 Dioctophymatidae Dioctophymatida + +
Eusynonchus Platonova 1970 2 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Euteratocephalus Andrassy 1958 6 Metateratocephalidae Plectida +
Eutobrilus Tsalolikhin 1981 40 Tobrilidae Tripylida + +
Eutylenchus Cobb 1913 6 Atylenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Euzetoda Elias & Durette-Desset 2003 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Evaginuris Skryabin & 1951 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova
Excisa Gendre 1928 5 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Expressonema Smolyanko & 1991 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Belogurov
Ezonema Boyce 1971 2 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Falcaustra Lane 1915 71 Kathlaniidae Spirurida + +
Falcihasta Clark 1964 4 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Fastigiuris Babaev 1966 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Fellicola Petter & Køie 1993 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Fenestrolaimus Filipjev 1927 4 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Fergusobia Currie 1937 49 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Feroxides Heyns 1968 1 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Fescia Truskova & Eroshenko 1977 1 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Ficophagus Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, 2015 31 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Bartholomaeus, Zeng &
Giblin-Davis
Ficotylus Davies, Ye, Giblin- 2009 2 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Davis & Thomas
Fictor Paramonov 1952 20 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Filaria Mueller 1787 44 Filariidae Spirurida +
Filarinema Moennig 1929 13 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Filariopsis Van-Thiel 1926 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Filarissima Chabaud 1974 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +

Filaroides Van-Beneden 1858 13 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Filenchus Andrassy 1954 63 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Filicapitis Travassos 1949 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Filidicolaimus Siddiqi 1995 2 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Filipjeva Ditlevsen 1928 7 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Filipjevia Kreis 1928 1 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Filiponema Timm & Maggenti 1966 10 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Filitonchoides Jensen 1985 1 Ethmolaimidae Chromadorida +
Filitonchus Platt 1982 3 Neotonchidae Chromadorida +
Filoncholaimus Filipjev 1927 5 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Filostrongylus Mackerras 1955 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Filotermes Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Fissicauda Durette-Desset & 1976 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Krishnasamy
Fitzsimmonsnema Petter 1966 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Flagicaudoides Khan, Singh & Baird 1999 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Flannerystrongylus Smales 2019 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Fleuronema Greenslade & Nicholas 1991 3 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Foleyella Seurat 1917 10 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Foleyellides Caballero 1935 16 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Foliostoma Beveridge & Johnson 1981 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Fontesia Travassos 1928 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Fontonema Chitwood 1930 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Formicitylenchus Poinar 2003 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Formicodiplogaster Poinar 1977 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Fotolaimus Belogurova & 1974 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Belagurov
Fraglenchus Siddiqi 2000 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Freitasascaris Sprent 1983 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Freitascapillaria Moravec 1982 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Freitasia Barus & Coy-Otero 1968 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Freitastrongylus Goncalves-Pinto & 2007 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Durette-Desset
Fuellebornema Travassos & Darriba 1929 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Fukumotonema Durette-Desset & 2019 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Funaria Van-Der-Linde 1938 12 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Fungiotonchium Siddiqi 1986 4 Iotonchiidae Panagrolaimida +
Furconema Gairola & Malhotra 1988 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Fuscheila Siddiqi 1982 2 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Fuscicorpa Wehr 1936 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Fusivermis Tchesunov 1996 1 Fusivermidae Monhysterida +
Fusonema Kreis 1928 1 Monoposthiidae Desmodorida +
Gaigeria Railliet & Henry 1910 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Gairleanema Warwick & Platt 1973 1 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Galebia Chitwood 1932 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +

Galeiceps Railliet & Henry 1912 4 Anisakidae Spirurida + + +
Galinanema Spiridonov 1984 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Gallegostrongylus Mas-Coma 1978 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Galoncus Railliet 1918 2 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Gammanema Cobb 1920 14 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Gammarinema Kinne & Gerlach 1953 8 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + + +
Gammaromermis Rubtsov & Bekman 1979 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Gastromermis Micoletzky 1923 82 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Gatesnema Timm 1971 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Gazellostrongylus Yeh 1956 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Gendrespirura Chabaud 1958 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Gendria Baylis 1930 7 Quimperiidae Spirurida + +
Geocenamus Thorne & Malek 1968 21 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Geomonhystera Andrassy 1981 39 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Geopetitia Chabaud 1951 4 Tetrameridae Spirurida +
Geoscaphenema Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2006 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Geraldius Sanwal 1971 1 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Gerlachius Andrassy 1976 2 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Gerthus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris 1975 4 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Gessyella Freitas 1959 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Gibsonnema Moravec, Salgado- 2002 2 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Maldonado & Aguilar-
Aguilar
Gilsonema Hunt 1998 2 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Glaber Travassos & Kloss 1958 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Glistrongylus Durette-Desset, Digiani, 2017 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama
Globocephaloides Yorke & Maplestone 1926 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Globocephalus Molin 1861 12 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Globodera Skarbilovich 1959 17 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Glochidorella Siddiqi 1981 5 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Glochinema Lorenzen 1974 6 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Glomerinema Van-Waerebeke 1985 4 Rhigonematidae Rhigonematida +
Gnathostoma Owen 1836 19 Gnathostomatidae Spirurida +
Gnomoxyala Lorenzen 1977 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Gobindonema Sood & Parshad 1974 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Goezia Zeder 1800 39 Anisakidae Spirurida + +
Goferus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Goffartia Hirschmann 1952 7 Diplogasteroididae Diplogasterida + +
Golovatchinema Spiridonov 1984 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Gomphionchus Platt 1982 1 Neotonchidae Chromadorida +
Gomphionema Wieser & Hopper 1966 4 Neotonchidae Chromadorida +
Gongylonema Molin 1857 38 Gongylonematidae Spirurida +
Gonionchus Cobb 1920 14 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Gonofilaria Mullin 1973 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +

Goodeyella Siddiqi 1986 1 Sphaeronematidae Panagrolaimida +
Gopalus Khan, Jairajpuri & 1988 1 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Ahmad
Gopheruris Petter & Douglass 1976 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Gordiomermis Heinze 1934 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Gracilancea Siddiqi 1976 1 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Grahamius Gerlach & Riemann 1973 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Grammocephalus Railliet & Henry 1910 3 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Granonchulus Andrassy 1958 4 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Granulinema Moravec & Little 1988 2 Micropleuridae Spirurida +
Graphidiella Olsen 1948 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Graphidioides Cameron 1923 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Graphidiops Lent & Freitas 1938 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Graphidium Railliet & Henry 1909 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Graphinema Guerrero & Rojas 1969 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Graphonema Cobb 1898 10 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Grassenema Petter 1959 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Greeffiella Cobb 1922 11 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Greeffiellopsis Schraege & Gerlach 1975 1 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Gryllophila Basir 1942 10 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Gubalonus Siddiqi 2014 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Gubernaculimermis Ipatyeva & Pimenova 1985 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Gubernaculomeres Oshmarin & Parukhin 1963 2 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Guerrerostrongylus Sutton & Durette- 1991 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Guitartia Armenteros, Vincx & 2010 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Decraemer
Gullanema Nicholas & Stewart 1995 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Gurltia Wolffhuegel 1933 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Guyanema Petter 1974 5 Guyanemidae Spirurida +
Gyalocephalus Looss 1900 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Gymnotylenchus Siddiqi 1961 3 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Gymnotyleptus Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1982 2 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Gynaecometra Araujo 1978 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Gynopoecilia Chabaud, Golvan, Bain 1965 1 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida +
& Brygoo
Gyrinicola Yamaguti 1938 5 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Habronema Diesing 1861 26 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Hadjelia Seurat 1916 12 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Hadrodenus Mulvey 1969 2 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Hadronchoides Jairajpuri & Rahman 1984 2 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Hadronchulus Ray & Das 1983 3 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Hadronchus Mulvey & Jensen 1967 2 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Haematozoon Leisering 1865 2 Haematozoonidae Rhabditida +
Haemonchus Cobb 1898 14 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hakynema Moravec & Sey 1988 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +

Halalaimus De-Man 1888 85 Oxystominidae Ironida + +
Halanonchus Cobb 1920 9 Trefusiidae Trefusiida +
Halaphanolaimus Southern 1914 6 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Halenchus N. Cobb in M. Cobb 1933 3 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Halicephalobus Timm 1956 8 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Halichoanolaimus De-Man 1886 36 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Halicylindrolaimus Allgen 1959 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Halinema Cobb 1920 4 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Haliplectus Cobb 1913 31 Haliplectidae Plectida + +
Halocercus Baylis & Daubney 1925 14 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Halodorylaimus Andrassy 1988 3 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Halomonhystera Andrassy 2006 36 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Hamatospiculum Skryabin 1916 9 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Hammerschmidtiella Chitwood 1932 15 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Hapalomus Lorenzen 1969 2 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Haplacis Railliet & Henry 1916 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Haplodidentus Naidu & Thakare 1981 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida + +
Haplonema Ward & Magath 1917 7 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Haptotricoma Lorenzen 1977 3 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Haroldakis Inglis 1991 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Harpagonchoides Platonova & Potin 1972 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Harpagonchus Platonova & Potin 1972 2 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Hartertia Seurat 1914 10 Hartertiidae Spirurida +
Hartwichia Chabaud & Bain 1966 1 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Hasanuddinia Hasegawa & Syafruddi 1994 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hasegawanema Durette-Desset & 2015 10 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Hassalstrongylus Durette-Desset 1971 19 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hastospiculum Skryabin 1923 8 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Hatterianema Chabaud & Dollfus 1966 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Haycocknema Spratt, Beveridge, 1999 1 Robertdollfusidae Muspiceida +
Andrews & Dennett
Hedruris Nitzsch 1812 20 Hedruridae Spirurida + +
Hekarella Hunt & Mohotti 2000 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Heleidomermis Rubtzov 1970 4 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Helicobelondira Yeates 1973 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Heliconema Travassos 1919 21 Physalopteridae Spirurida + +
Helicotylenchus Steiner 1945 205 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida + +
Heligmodentostoma Skryabin & Schulz 1952 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmonella Moennig 1927 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmonina Baylis 1928 20 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmonoides Baylis 1928 13 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmoptera Nadtochiy 1977 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmosomoides Hall 1916 36 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmosomum Railliet & Henry 1909 28 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heligmostrongylus Travassos 1917 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +

Heligmus Dujardin 1844 1 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Helionema Brzeski 1962 1 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Helmabia Siddiqi 1971 6 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Helminthoxys Freitas, Lent & Almeida 1937 9 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Hemicaloosia Ray & Das 1978 7 Hemicycliophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Hemicriconemoides Chitwood & Birchfield 1957 56 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Hemicycliophora De-Man 1921 5 Hemicycliophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Hemiplectus Zell 1991 1 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Hempelia Vaz 1937 1 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Hepatinema Rasheed 1964 2 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Hepatojarakus Yeh 1955 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hepatospina Thieme 1961 1 Trichinellidae Trichocephalida +
Heptochona Rasheed 1965 7 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Herpetostrongylus Baylis 1931 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heterakis Dujardin 1845 47 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Heterocephalobellus Rashid Geraert & 1984 3 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Sharma
Heterocephalobus Brzeski 1960 4 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Heterocheilus Diesing 1839 2 Heterocheilidae Spirurida +
Heterodera Schmidt 1871 86 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida + +
Heterodorus Altherr 1952 10 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Heterogonema Van-Waerebeke & 1971 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Remillet
Heteromorphotylenchus Remillet & Van- 1978 2 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Waerebeke
Heteromyoxyuris Quentin 1973 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Heteropleuronema Andrassy 1970 1 Neodiplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Heterorhabditis Poinar 1976 27 Heterorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Heterospiculum Schigin 1951 2 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Heterostrongylus Travassos 1925 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Heterotylenchus Bovien 1937 3 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Heterotyphlum Spaul 1927 3 Raphidascarididae Spirurida + +
Heteroxynema Hall 1916 8 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Heth Cobb 1898 50 Hethidae Rhigonematida +
Hexamermis Steiner 1924 36 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Hexametra Travassos 1919 12 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Hexapapillostomum Lomakin 1991 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Hexatylus Goodey 1926 20 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Heydenius Taylor 1935 26 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Heynsaxonchium Coomans & Nair 1975 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Hieminema Tchesunov & Portnova 2005 1 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Hilgertia Quentin 1973 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Himatidiophila Rahm 1924 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Hippopotamenema Sagata & Buddhadeb 2015 1 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Hirschmanniella Luc & Goodey 1963 33 Pratylenchidae Panagrolaimida + + +
Histiocephalus Diesing 1851 4 Habronematidae Spirurida +

Histiostrongylus Molin 1861 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Histodytes Aragort, Alvarez, 2002 1 Guyanemidae Spirurida +
Iglesias, Leiro &
Sanmartin
Histotylenchus Siddiqi 1971 7 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Hoazinstrongylus Magalhaes, Pinto & 1985 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Correa-Gomes
Hoepplius Chu 1931 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Hofmaenneria Schneider 1940 8 Xyalidae Monhysterida + +
Homungella Timm 1966 9 Homungellidae Drilonematida +
Hoplodontophorus Turner 1921 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Hoplolaimus Daday 1905 44 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Hoplotylus s’Jacob 1960 5 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Hopperia Vitiello 1969 20 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Hovorkonema Jurasek 1977 3 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Howardula Cobb 1921 25 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Hsiungia Kung & Yang 1964 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Huffmanela Moravec 1987 17 Trichosomoididae Trichocephalida +
Hughjonestrongylus Digiani & Durette- 2014 20 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Hugotdiplogaster Morand & Barker 1995 1 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida + +
Hugotnema Durette-Desset & 1981 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabaud
Hulqus Siddiqi 1981 3 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Hyalaimus Cobb 1920 1 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Hydrochoerisnema Arantes & Artigas 1980 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hydromermis Corti 1902 50 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Hylonema Luc, Taylor & Cadet 1978 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Hyostrongylus Hall 1921 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hypocristata Durette-Desset 1971 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Hypodontolaimus De-Man 1886 30 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Hypodontus Moennig 1929 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Hyptiolaimus Cobb 1930 1 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Hysterothylacium Ward & Magath 1917 122 Raphidascarididae Spirurida +
Hystrichis Dujardin 1845 7 Dioctophymatidae Dioctophymatida +
Hystrignathus Leidy 1850 19 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Ibipora Monteiro & Lordello 1977 5 Belonolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Ibrahimia Khalil 1932 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Ichthyocephaloides Hunt & Sutherland 1984 5 Ichthyocephalidae Rhigonematida +
Ichthyofilaria Yamaguti 1935 5 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Ichthyostrongylus Mawson 1954 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Ichthyouris Inglis 1962 8 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Icosiella Seurat 1917 5 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Icthyocephalus Artigas 1926 15 Ichthyocephalidae Rhigonematida +
Idioblaptus Andrassy 1973 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Idiodorylaimus Andrassy 1969 7 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Idiuoxyuris Hugot 1988 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +

Ierestrongylus Cameron 1935 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Illium Cobb 1920 2 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Immanigula Andrassy 1991 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Imosmermis Rubzov 1981 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Impalaia Moennig 1923 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Imparispiculus Luo, Jianzhong, Duo, 1988 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Jiecaidan, & Chen-Gan
Incanema Andrassy 1997 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Incurvinema Deunff, Launay & 1985 1 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Beaucornu
Indiana Chakravarty 1943 3 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Indocapillaria De & Maity 1995 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + +
Indocephalobus Sagata & Buddhadeb 2014 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Indoditylenchus Sinha, Choudhury & 1985 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Baqri
Indofilaria Alwar, Seneviratna & 1959 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Gopal
Indorhabditis Chaturvedi & Khera 1979 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ingenia Gerlach 1957 1 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Inglamidum Durette-Desset, Denke 1976 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
& Murua
Inglechina Chabaud, Seureau, 1980 2 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Beveridge, Bain &
Durette-Desset
Ingliseria Gibson 1968 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Inglisonema Mawson 1968 2 Schneidernematidae Spirurida +
Inglisubulura Devamma 1977 7 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Ingwenascaris Junker & Mutafchiev 2017 4 Heterocheilidae Spirurida + +
Innocuonema Inglis 1969 10 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Intasia Tchesunov & Miljutin 2008 7 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Ionema Cobb 1920 5 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Iotonchium Cobb 1916 8 Iotonchiidae Panagrolaimida +
Iotonchulus Andrassy 1993 4 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Iotonchus Cobb 1916 89 Iotonchidae Mononchida + +
Ipatjevimermis Mukhamedzyanova 1980 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Iponema Timm & Maggenti 1966 12 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Irantylenchus Kheira 1972 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Ironella Cobb 1920 3 Ironidae Ironida +
Ironus Bastian 1865 24 Ironidae Ironida + +
Isacanthonchus Gagarin & Nguyen 2008 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Ischilinema Carolina-Serrano & 2016 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Ischiodorylaimus Andrassy 1969 13 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Isobinema Rao 1958 4 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Isolaimium Timm 1969 11 Isolaimiidae Mermithida +
Isomermis Coman 1953 11 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Isospirura Sood & Parshad 1972 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +

Isthmusimermis Gafurov 1980 6 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Itaguaiana Kloss 1959 2 Pseudonymidae Spirurida +
Ivaschkinonema Erkulov 1975 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Ixonema Lorenzen 1971 3 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Jaidenema Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2006 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Japanema Moosavi, Aliramaji, 2014 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Pourjam & Pedram
Jarryella Van-Waerebeke & 1973 2 Pseudonymidae Spirurida +
Remillet
Javellia Ricci 1939 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Jensenonchus Jairajpuri & Khan 1982 6 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Jibacoa Coy, Otero, Garcia & 1993 2 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Alvarez
Johnpearsonia Durette-Desset, Ben- 1994 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Slimane, Cassone,
Barton & Chabaud
Johnstonia Basir 1966 7 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Johnstonmawsonia Campana-Rouget 1955 7 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Johnstonmawsonoides Machida 1975 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Josefilaria Moorhouse, Bain & 1979 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Wolf
Judonchulus Andrassy 1958 3 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Justinema R’kha & Durette-Desset 1991 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kahmannia Mas-Coma & Esteban 1982 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Kalicephalus Molin 1861 40 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Kallidorylaimus Andrassy 1989 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Kalmanmolnaria Sokolov 2006 1 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Kamegainema Hasegawa, Doi, Araki 2000 1 Micropleuridae Spirurida +
& Miyata
Kantbhala Siddiqi 1982 5 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Karkinochromadora Blome 1982 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Kashmira Shah, Siddiqi & Handoo 2015 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida + +
Kathlania Lane 1914 5 Kathlaniidae Spirurida + + +
Kentropyxia Baker 1982 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Kenyanema Muthumbi, Soetaert & 1997 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Vincx
Keralanema Siddiqi 2003 1 Chronogasteridae Plectida +
Keratonema Gourbault & Decraemer 1986 1 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Khalilia Neveu-Lemaire 1924 4 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Kiluluma Skryabin 1916 15 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Kinonchulus Riemann 1972 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Kirjanovia Ivanova 1969 1 Elaphonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Kittidorylaimus Andrassy 1999 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Kiwinema Inglis & Harris 1990 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Klossiella Cordeira 1981 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Klossinemella Goncalves-Da-Costa 1961 4 Atractidae Spirurida +
Klossnema Cordeira 1981 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +

Klugea Filipjev 1927 8 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Kochinema Heyns 1963 8 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Koerneria Meyl 1960 8 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + + +
Kolodorylaimus Andrassy 1999 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Kosswigonema Gerlach 1964 1 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Krampia Ditlevsen 1921 3 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Kraspedonema Gerlach 1956 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Krefftascaris Sprent 1980 1 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Kreisiella Jones 1985 2 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Kreisoncholaimus Rachor 1969 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Kreisonema Khera 1969 1 Achromadoridae Chromadorida +
Krishnasamyos Celina-Digiani & 2014 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Durette-Desset
Kuala Durette-Desset & 1976 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Krishnasamy
Kunjudorylaimus Dhanam & Jairajpuri 2000 2 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Kuntzistrongylus Lichtenfels 1980 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Kurikania Tsalolikhin 1976 2 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Kurochkinitylenchus Slobodyanyuk 1999 1 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Labeonema Puylaert 1970 6 Atractidae Spirurida +
Labiduris Schneider 1866 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Labiobulura Skryabin & 1948 6 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova
Labiostomum Akhtar 1941 8 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Labiostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone 1926 42 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Labronema Thorne 1939 54 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida + +
Labronemella Andrassy 1985 12 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida + +
Labrys Qing & Bert 2018 8 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Laevides Heyns 1968 12 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Lagenonema Andrassy 1987 6 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Lagochilascaris Leiper 1909 5 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Lagostonema Sutton & Durette- 1987 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Lagostrongylus Fukumoto, Kamiya & 1986 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Ohbayashi
Laimaphelenchus Fuchs 1937 19 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Laimella Cobb 1920 7 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Laimydorus Siddiqi 1969 91 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Lamanema Becklund 1963 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Lamyronema Leduc 2015 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Lanceimermis Artyukhovsky 1969 23 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Lanzavecchia Zullini 1988 3 Nordiidae Dorylaimida + + +
Lappetascaris Rasheed 1965 3 Raphidascarididae Spirurida +
Lappnema Bain & Nikander 1983 1 Robertdollfusidae Muspiceida +
Latocephalus Patil & Khan 1982 9 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Latronema Weiser 1954 10 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Lauratonema Gerlach 1953 13 Lauratonematidae Trefusiida +

Lauratonemella Tchesunov 1984 1 Lauratonematidae Trefusiida +
Lauratonemoides De-Coninck 1965 2 Lauratonematidae Trefusiida +
Lauroia Proenca 1938 4 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Lauronema Almeida 1938 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Laurophragus Nesterov 1976 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Laurostrongylus Durette-Desset & 1992 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Chabaud
Laurotravassoxyuris Vigueras 1938 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Lawtonema Siddiqi 1999 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Laxamphidelus Siddiqi 1993 6 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Laxonema Cobb 1920 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Laxus Cobb 1894 9 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Ledovitia Filipjev 1927 10 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Leidynema Schwenck in Travassos 1929 12 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Leidynemella Chitwood & Chitwood 1934 4 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Leiperenia Khalil 1922 3 Atractidae Spirurida +
Leiperiatus Sandground 1929 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Leipernema Narayan Singh 1976 1 Strongyloididae Panagrolaimida +
Leipoanema Johnston & Mawson 1942 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Leiuris Leuckart 1850 3 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Lelenchus Andrassy 1954 5 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Lemdana Seurat 1917 12 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Lemuricola Chabaud & Petter 1959 9 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Lemurostrongylus Chabaud, Brygoo & 1961 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Petter
Lenonchium Siddiqi 1965 9 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Lepidonema Cobb 1898 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Leptepsilonema Clasing 1983 10 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Leptodera Dujardin 1845 1 Alloionematidae Panagrolaimida +
Leptojacobus Kanzaki, Ragsdale, 2014 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Susoy & Sommer
Leptolaimoides Vitiello 1971 9 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Leptolaimus De-Man 1876 39 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Leptonchus Cobb 1920 12 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Leptonemella Cobb 1920 11 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Leptoplectonema Coomans & Raski 1991 1 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Leptosomatides Filipjev 1918 9 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Leptosomatina Allgen 1951 3 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Leptosomatum Bastian 1865 29 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Leptosomella Filipjev 1927 2 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Lepusius Farooq & Khatoon 1995 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Lesjan Brzeski 1985 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Lesleyella Durette-Desset & 2015 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Levipalatum Ragsdale, Kanzaki & 2014 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Sommer
Libyostrongylus Lane 1923 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +

Limnomermis Daday 1911 28 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Limonchulus Andrassy 1963 4 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Linhomoella Cobb 1920 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Linhomoeus Bastian 1865 16 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Linhystera Juario 1974 6 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Linolaimus Cobb 1933 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Linseyus Ferris & Ferris 1973 4 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Linstowimermis Rubtsov 1978 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Linstowinema Smales 1997 13 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Linustrongylus Vaucher & Durette- 1986 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Lispirurus Eberli 2017 4 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Listia Blome 1982 3 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Litinium Cobb 1920 20 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Litoditis Sudhaus 2011 4 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Litomosa Yorke & Maplestone 1926 17 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Litomosoides Chandler 1931 40 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Litonema Cobb 1920 1 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Litotes Cobb 1920 1 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + + +
Litylenchus Zhao, Davies, 2011 2 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Alexander & Riley
Loa Stiles 1905 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Loaina Eberhard & Orihel 1984 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Lobatorobius Skryabin & 1951 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova in
Skryabin
Lobocapillaria Moravec & Beveridge 2017 4 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Lobocriconema De-Grisse & Loof 1965 23 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Lockenloia Adamson & Caira 1991 1 Dracunculidae Spirurida +
Loffienema Shah, Allie, Vaid & 2018 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Handoo
Loncharionema Goseco, Ferris & Ferris 1974 2 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Longibucca Chitwood 1933 3 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Longibulbophora Yeates 1967 2 Diphtherophoridae Triplonchida +
Longicyatholaimus Micoletzky 1924 16 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Longidorella Thorne 1939 30 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Longidoroides Khan, Chawla & Saha 1978 18 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Longidorus Micoletzky 1922 183 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Longilaimus Allgen 1958 2 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Longimermis Camino & Stock 1990 1 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Longior Travassos & Kloss 1958 4 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Longistriata Schulz 1926 71 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Longistrongylus Le-Roux 1931 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Longitubopharynx Allgen 1959 1 Haliplectidae Plectida +
Loofilaimus Jarajpuri, Ahmad & 1998 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Sturhan
Lordellonema Andrassy 1959 17 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +

Loxodontofilaria Berghe & Gillain 1939 13 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Lucionema Moravec, Molnar & 1998 1 Lucionematidae Spirurida +
Szekely
Luella Massey 1974 1 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Lugamermis Rubtsov 1978 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Lukonema Chabaud & Bain 1974 1 Muspiceidae Muspiceida +
Lutznema Lent & Freitas 1934 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Luzonema Rodrigues, Varela, 1973 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Rodrigues & Cristofaro
Lyranema Timm 1961 1 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Macacanema Schad & Anderson 1963 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Macdonaldius Khanna 1933 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Maciela Travassos 1935 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mackerrastrongylus Mawson 1960 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Macramphida Timm 1966 1 Pharyngonematidae Drilonematida +
Macrochromadora Kreis 1929 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Macrodontium Armenteros, Vincx & 2010 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Decraemer
Macrolaimellus Andrassy 1966 4 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Macrolaimus Maupas 1900 12 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Macronchus Inglis 1964 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Macropicola Mawson 1978 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Macroponema Mawson 1978 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Macropostrongyloides Yamaguti 1961 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Macropostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone 1926 6 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Macropoxyuris Mawson 1964 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Macrostrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette- 1983 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Ohbayashi
Macrotobrilus Tsalolikhin 1981 1 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Macrotrophurus Loof 1958 1 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Macuahuitloides Jimenez, Peralta- 2014 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Rodriguez, Caspeta-
Mandujano & Ramirez-
Diaz
Madafilaroides Chabaud & Brygoo 1960 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Madangiostrongylus Chabaud & Brygoo 1960 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Madathamugadia Chabaud, Anderson & 1959 7 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Brygoo
Madelinema Schmidt & Kuntz 1971 1 Schneidernematidae Spirurida +
Madochotera Bain & Brunhes 1968 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Mainspinostrongylus Kalyankar & Palladwar 1989 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Makatinus Heyns 1965 10 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Malaistrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette- 1983 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Ohbayashi
Malakhovia Tchesunov & Gagarin 1999 1 Andrassyidae Ironida +
Malaspinanema Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2005 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb

Malayfilaria Uni, Mat-Udin 2017 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
&Takaoka in Uni, Udin,
Agatsuma Saijntha,
Junker, Ramli, Omar,
Lim, Sivanandam,
Lefoulon, Martin,
Belabut, Kasim, Halim,
Zainuri, Bhassu,
Fukuda, Matsubayashi,
Harada, Low, Chen,
Suganuma, Hashim,
Takaoka & Azirun
Malayocamallanus Jothy & Fernando 1971 1 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Malayometastrongylus Gibbons & 1986 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Krishnasamy
Maldivea Gerlach 1962 3 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Malekus Thorne 1974 2 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Malenchus Andrassy 1968 46 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Malvinema Digiani, Sutton & 2003 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Durette-Desset
Mammalakis Inglis 1991 3 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Mammanidula Sadovskaja 1952 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mammomonogamus Ryjikov 1948 6 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Manganonema Bussau 1993 12 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Mansonella Faust 1929 29 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Manunema Gerlach 1957 3 Peresianidae Plectida +
Maplestonema Johnston & Mawson 1939 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Maracaya Díaz-Ungria 1964 5 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Maragnopsia Leduc 2016 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Margaronchuloides Ahmad & Jairajpuri 2010 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Margaronchulus Andrassy 1972 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Margollus Pena-Santaigo, Peralta 1993 4 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
& Siddiqi
Margonema Cobb 1920 2 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Marimermis Rubzov & Platonova 1974 1 Marimermithidae Marimermithida +
Mariostrongylus Teixeira de Freitas & 1967 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Franco
Mariporrocaecum Sheenko 1985 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Marisalbinema Tchesunov 1990 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Marispelodera Belogurov 1977 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Marshallagia Orloff 1933 23 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Marsupostrongylus Mackerras & Sandars 1933 11 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Martadamsonius Van-Waerebeke 1987 3 Ransomnematidae Rhigonematida +
Martininema Davies, Ye, Kanzaki, 2015 4 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Bartholomaeus, Zeng &
Giblin-Davis
Marylynnia Hopper 1977 21 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Maseria Rausch & Rausch 1983 1 Muspiceidae Muspiceida +
Mastigonema Dailey & Perrin 1973 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Mastigospirura Machida & Syahailatua 1994 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +

Mastophorus Diesing 1853 4 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Matthesonema Osche 1955 2 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Maupasina Seurat 1913 2 Maupasinidae Spirurida +
Mawsonascaris Sprent 1990 7 Raphidascarididae Spirurida +
Mawsonema Smales & Heinrich 2010 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mawsonfilaria Anderson & Chabaud 1958 1 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Maxomystrongylus Hasegawa & Syafruddi 1997 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Maxvachonia Chabaud & Brygoo 1960 6 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Mazzia Khalil & Vogelsang 1932 2 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Mbaisonema Beveridge 1997 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Mbanema Spiridonov 1992 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Mecistocirrus Railliet & Henry 1912 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Medibulla Siddiqi 1993 2 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Mediolaimus Tahseen, Sultana, Khan 2012 1 Rhabdolaimidae Ironida +
& Hussain,
Megacooperia Khalil & Gibbons 1976 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Megadesmolaimus Wieser 1954 8 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Megadontolaimus Timm 1969 2 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Megalamphis Timm 1961 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Megalobatrachonema Yamaguti 1941 8 Kathlaniidae Spirurida + +
Megalomermis Mueller 1931 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Megamphidelus Siddiqi 1993 1 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Megaonchulus Jairajpuri & Khan 1982 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Mehdiascaris Kalyankar 1969 2 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Mehdiella Seurat 1918 7 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Mehdilaimus Prabha 1974 1 Aulolaimidae Mermithida +
Mehdinema Farooqui 1967 2 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida +
Meiodorus Siddiqi 1976 4 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Meloidodera Chitwood, Hannon & 1956 11 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Esser
Meloidoderella Khan 1972 1 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida +
Meloidoderita Pogosian 1966 5 Sphaeronematidae Panagrolaimida + +
Meloidogyne Goeldi 1887 110 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida + + +
Meloinema Choi & Geraert 1973 5 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida +
Melolonthinimermis Artyukhovsky 1963 5 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Melomystronglylus Smales 2009 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Meningonema Orihel & Esslinger 1973 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Mentecle Travassos & Kloss 1958 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Merlinius Siddiqi 1970 36 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Mermis Dujardin 1842 10 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Mermithonema Goodey 1941 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Mertensinema Sharpilo 1976 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mesacanthion Filipjev 1927 49 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida + +
Mesacanthoides Wieser 1953 8 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Mesamidostomum Lomakin 1991 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Mesidionema Poinar 1978 3 Mesidionematidae Drilonematida +

Mesocriconema Andrassy 1965 88 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Mesodorylaimus Andrassy 1959 150 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Mesomermis Daday 1911 45 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Mesonema Pierantoni 1916 4 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Mesorhabditis Osche 1952 19 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Metabronema Yorke & Maplestone 1926 6 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Metachromadora Filipjev 1918 39 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Metachromadoroides Timm 1961 2 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Metacomesoma Wieser 1954 4 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Metacrobeles Loof 1962 3 Metacrobelidae Panagrolaimida +
Metacrolobus Vinciguerra 1994 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Metactinolaimus Meyl 1957 2 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Metacyatholaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1942 9 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Metacylicolaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1946 3 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Metacyrnea Chabaud 1960 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Metadasynemella De-Coninck 1942 3 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Metadasynemoides Haspeslagh 1973 3 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Metadesmodora Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1942 2 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Metadesmolaimus Stekhoven 1935 17 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Metadorylaimus Jairajpuri & Goodey 1966 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Metaglochinema Gourbault & Decraemer 1986 1 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Metalaimus Kreis 1928 4 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Metalinhomoeus De-Man 1907 30 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Metamphidelus Clausi & Vinciguerra 1995 3 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Metanisakis Mozgovoi 1951 5 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Metaparasitylenchus Wachek 1955 13 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Metaparoncholaimus De-Coninck & 1933 5 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Schuurmans-Stekhoven
Metaphanoderma Platonova 1984 3 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Metaporcelaimus Lordello 1965 19 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Metaraeolaimoides De-Coninck 1936 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Metarhabditis Tahseen, Hussain, 2004 15 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Tomar, Shah &
Jairajpuri
Metasabatiera Timm 1961 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Metascaris Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1950 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Metasphaerolaimus Gourbault & Boucher 1982 11 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Metastrongylus Molin 1861 7 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Metateratocephalus Eroshenko 1973 3 Metateratocephalidae Plectida + +
Metathelazia Skinker 1931 6 Pneumospiruridae Spirurida +
Metaxonchium Coomans & Nair 1975 39 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Metenoploides Wieser 1953 2 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Metepsilonema Steiner 1927 17 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Meteterakis Karve 1930 34 Heterakidae Spirurida + +
Metheligmonella Durette-Desset 1971 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Metoncholaimoides Weiser 1953 3 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +

Metoncholaimus Filipjev 1918 30 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Mexiconema Moravec, Vidal & 1992 2 Daniconematidae Spirurida +
Salgado-Maldonado
Meximermis Poinar, Lachaud, 2006 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Castillo & Infante
Meyersia Hopper 1967 5 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Meylia Gerlach 1956 5 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Meylis Goseco, Ferris & Ferris 1974 3 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Meylonema Andrassy 1959 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Micatonchus Jairajpuri, Tahseen & 2001 3 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Choi
Micipsella Seurat 1921 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Micoletzkya Weingaertner 1955 23 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Micoletzkyia Ditlevsen 1926 16 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Miconchus Andrassy 1958 1 Anatonchidae Mononchida + +
Micracanthonchus Allgen 1959 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Microdorylaimus Andrassy 1986 17 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Microfilaria Cobbold 1882 6 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Microhadjelia Jogis 1965 1 Tetrameridae Spirurida +
Microlaimus De-Man 1880 86 Microlaimidae Desmodorida + +
Micromicron Cobb 1920 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Micronematodum Castelli 1926 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Micropleura Linstow 1906 7 Micropleuridae Spirurida + +
Microtetrameres Travassos 1915 28 Tetrameridae Spirurida +
Miculenchus Andrassy 1959 7 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Migonella Lent, Freitas & Proenca 1946 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Mikenema Durette-Desset, Digiani, 2017 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama
Minolaimus Vitiello 1970 2 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Minutostrongylus Le-Roux 1936 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Miodorylaimus Andrassy 1986 2 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Miranema Thorne 1939 2 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Mirzaiella Basir 1942 9 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Mirzaloptera Wason & Johnson 1977 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Missimstrongylus Smales 2018 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Misticius Massey 1967 1 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Mitoaxonchium Yeates 1973 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Mitranema Siddiqi 1986 2 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Moaciria Freitas 1956 5 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Moennigia Travassos 1935 18 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Moguranema Yamaguti 1941 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mohibiella Farooqui 1970 1 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Molgolaimus Ditlevsen 1921 43 Molgolaiminae Desmodorida +
Molinacuaria Wong & Lankester 1985 3 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Molineus Cameron 1923 30 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Molinofilaria Vuylsteke 1956 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +

Molinostrongylus Skarbilovitch 1934 18 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Molossinema Georgi, Georgi, Jiang & 1987 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Frongillo
Molostrongylus Durette-Desset & 1996 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Vaucher
Monanema Anteson 1968 4 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Monhystera Bastian 1865 65 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + +
Monhysterides Baylis & Daubney 1922 5 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Monhysteroides Timm 1961 2 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Monhystrella Cobb 1918 34 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + +
Monhystrium Cobb 1920 5 Monhysteridae Monhysterida + +
Monilonema Beveridge & Johnson 1981 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Monodelphoxyuris Guerrero & Hugot 2003 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Monodontus Molin 1861 9 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Mononchoides Rahm 1928 50 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Mononchulus Cobb 1918 2 Mononchulidae Bathyodontida +
Mononchus Bastian 1865 33 Mononchidae Mononchida + + +
Monopetalonema Diesing 1861 3 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Monoposthia De-Man 1889 14 Monoposthiidae Desmodorida +
Monoposthioides Hopper 1963 2 Monoposthiidae Desmodorida +
Monotrichodorus Andrassy 1976 8 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Monovaria Khera 1953 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Montistrongylus Smales & Heinrich 2010 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Montonchus Siddiqi, Handoo & 2015 1 Mononchidae Mononchida +
Chitwood
Mooleptus Ozdkmen 2010 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Morasia Baqri & Jairajpuri 1969 6 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Moravecia Ribu & Lester 2004 1 Guyanemidae Spirurida +
Moravecnema Justine, Cassone & 2002 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Petter
Morgascaridia Inglis 1958 1 Schneidernematidae Spirurida +
Morlaixia Vincx & Gourbault 1989 2 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Morulaimus Sauer 1966 8 Belonolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Moshajia Siddiqi 1982 4 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Mudwigglus Leduc 2013 12 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Muellerius Cameron 1927 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Mukazia Siddiqi 1986 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Mukhina Ozdikman 2010 3 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Multicaecum Baylis 1923 13 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Multidens Mukhina 1978 1 Tripylidae Tripylida +
Mulveyellus Siddiqi 1984 5 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Mumtazium Siddiqi 1969 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Murielus Dikmans 1939 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Murshidia Lane 1914 30 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Muspicea Sambon 1925 2 Muspiceidae Muspiceida +
Musserakis Hasegawa, Dewi & 2014 2 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Asakawa

Mydonomus Thorne 1964 4 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Myenchus Schuberg & Schroeder 1904 2 Myenchidae Panagrolaimida +
in Schuberg
Myleusnema Moravec & Thatcher 1996 2 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Mylodiscoides Lordello 1963 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Mylodiscoides Lordello 1963 1 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Mylodiscus Thorne 1939 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Mylonchulus Cobb 1916 67 Mylonchulidae Mononchida + +
Myolaimus Cobb 1920 9 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Myoryctes Eberth 1863 1 Myenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Myrmeconema Poinar & Yanoviak 2008 3 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Nacobbus Thorne & Allen 1944 2 Pratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Nagelus Thorne & Malek 1968 28 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Namaquanema Heyns & Swart 1993 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Namibnema Vincx & Furstenberg 1989 1 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Nanidorus Siddiqi 1974 3 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Nannolaimoides Ott 1972 2 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Nannolaimus Cobb 1920 3 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Nanomermis Cobb 1925 3 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Napolitana Kloss 1959 2 Protrelloididae Spirurida +
Narsingiella Rao 1978 1 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Nasistrongylus Durette-Desset & 1982 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Beveridge
Necator Stiles 1903 4 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Necolaimus Allgen 1959 1 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Nemabia Siddiqi 1995 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Nemanema Cobb 1920 14 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Nemanoke Yeates & Spiridonov 1996 3 Mesidionematidae Drilonematida +
Nematimermis Tchesunov & 1993 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Spiridonov
Nematodirella Yorke & Maplestone 1926 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nematodiroides Bernard 1967 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nematodirus Ransom 1907 47 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nematoideum Diesing 1851 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Nematomystes Sutton, Chabaud & 1980 2 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Durette-Desset
Nemavermes Schram 1973 2 Nemavermidae Chromadorida +
Nemhelix Morand & Petter 1986 3 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Neoactinolaimus Thorne 1967 25 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Neoalloionema Ivanova, Pham & 2016 4 Alloionematidae Panagrolaimida +
Spiridonov
Neoascarophis Machida 1976 5 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Neobakernema Ebsary 1981 7 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Neocamacolaimus Holovachov & Bostrom 2014 1 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Neochromadora Micoletzky 1924 32 Chromadoridae Chromadorida + +
Neocooperia Fotedar & Bambroo 1971 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neocosmocercella Baker & Vaucher 1983 3 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +

Neocylicostrongylus Arya & Johnson 1977 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neodiplogaster Cobb 1924 11 Neodiplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Neodiplopeltula Holovachov & Bostrom 2018 14 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Neoditylenchus Meyl 1961 24 Sychnotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Neodolichodorus Andrassy 1976 12 Dolichodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Neodolichorhynchus Jairajpuri & Hunt 1984 17 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida + +
Neoentomelas Hasegawa 1989 1 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Neoheligmonella Durette-Desset 1971 15 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neoheterakis Kumar & Thienpont 1974 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Neohilgertia Navone, Suriano & 1990 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Pujol
Neohistiostrongylus Barus & Valle 1967 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neoichthyostrongylus Naqvi & Gupta 1987 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neoleptus Specian, Ubelaker & 1975 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Dailey
Neolimnomermis Rubtsov 1978 6 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Neolobocriconema Mehta & Raski 1971 13 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Neomermis Linstow 1904 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Neomesomermis Nickle 1972 5 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Neometadorylaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Neomisticius Siddiqi 1986 1 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Neomurshidia Chabaud 1957 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Neoomeia Yin & Zhang 1984 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Neoparacamallanus Bilqees & Akram 1982 14 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Neoparaseuratum Moravec, Kohn & 1992 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Fernandes
Neoparasitylenchus Nickle 1967 27 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Neoparathelandros Hodda 2021 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Neophilometroides Moravec, Salgado, 2002 2 Philometridae Spirurida +
Maldonado & Aguilar-
Aguilar
Neoprotozoophaga Biswas & Chakravarty 1963 2 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Neopsilenchus Thorne & Malek 1968 10 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Neorhabditis Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1954 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Neorhabditostomum Gibbons & Kan 1987 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Neosomatiana Anwar,-Ul-Islam, 1979 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Farooq & Khanum
Neospinitectus Kalyankar 1971 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Neospirocerca Johnson 1968 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Neosteinernema Nguyen & Smart 1994 1 Steinernematidae Panagrolaimida +
Neostrongyloides Rathore & Nama 1988 2 Dioctophymatidae Dioctophymatida +
Neostrongylus Gebauer 1932 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Neosynodontisia Moravec, Kamchoo & 2015 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Pachanawan
Neothada Khan 1973 7 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Neotobrilus Tsalolikhin 1981 17 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Neotonchus Cobb 1933 6 Neotonchidae Chromadorida +

Neotylocephalus Ali, Farooqui & Tejpal 1969 3 Plectidae Plectida + +
Neoxysomatium Ballesteros-Marquez 1945 7 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Nesomystrongylus Durette-Desset, 2002 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Lethonen & Haukisalmi
Neurella Cobb 1920 1 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Neyrapharyngodon Calvente 1948 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Nicascolaimus Riemann 1986 1 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Nicollina Baylis 1930 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Nigronchus Siddiqi 1984 1 Mononchidae Mononchida +
Nijhoffia Allgen 1935 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Nilonema Khalil 1960 2 Philometridae Spirurida +
Nimigula Andrassy 1985 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Nippostrongylus Lane 1923 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nochtia Travassos & Vogelsang 1929 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Noctuidonema Remillet & Silvain 1988 2 Acugutturidae Panagrolaimida +
Noffsingeria Decraemer & Jensen 1982 2 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Noteodiplogaster De-Villalobos, Camino 1998 1 Angiostomatidae Rhabditida +
& Reboredo
Nothacrobeles Allen & Noffsinger 1971 15 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Nothanguina Whitehead 1959 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Nothocriconemoides Maas, Loof & De- 1971 2 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Grisse
Nothotylenchoides Handoo 1980 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Nothotylenchus Thorne 1941 55 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Notochatosoma Irwin-Smith 1918 1 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Notonectomermis Rubtsov 1977 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Notosabatieria Allgen 1959 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Nouvelnema Petter 1959 1 Atractidae Spirurida +
Novadelonema Ozdikmen 2010 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Nudora Cobb 1920 15 Monoposthiidae Desmodorida +
Nugininema Smales 2016 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nullonchus Siddiqi 1984 4 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Nunema Cobb 1933 1 Choanolaimidae Selachinematida +
Nycteridostrongylus Baylis 1930 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Nygellus Thorne 1939 5 Nygellidae Dorylaimida + +
Nygmatonchus Cobb 1933 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Nygolaimellus Loos 1949 6 Nygolaimellidae Dorylaimida +
Nygolaimium Thorne 1930 3 Nygolaimellidae Dorylaimida +
Nygolaimoides Meyl 1960 9 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Nygolaimus Cobb 1913 38 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Obainia Adamson 1983 7 Xustromatidae Rhigonematida +
Obeliscoides Grabyill 1924 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Oceanicucullanus Schmidt & Kuntz 1969 3 Cucullanidae Spirurida +
Ochetocephalus Linstow 1907 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Ochoterenella Caballero 1944 16 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Octomermis Steiner 1929 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +

Octomyomermis Johnson 1963 13 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Octonchus De-Coninck 1965 2 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Odilia Durette-Desset 1973 35 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Odonatomermis Rubtsov 1973 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Odontanticoma Platonova 1976 1 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Odontobius Rousse-De-Vauzeme 1834 1 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Odontogeton Allgen 1921 5 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Odontolaimus Lorenzen 1981 4 Odontolaimidae Tripylida + +
Odontopharynx De-Man 1912 2 Odontopharyngidae Rhabditida + +
Odontophora Buetschli 1874 38 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Odontophoroides Boucher & Helleouet 1977 3 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Odontorhabditis Timm 1959 2 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Odontospirura Wehr 1933 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Odontoterakis Skryabin & 1947 6 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova
Oesophagodontus Railliet & Henry 1902 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Oesophagomermis Artyukhovsky 1969 4 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Oesophagostomoides Schwartz 1928 37 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Oesophagostomum Molin 1861 47 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Ogma Southern 1914 94 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Ohbayashinema Durette-Desset 1974 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Oigolaimella Paramonov 1952 7 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Oionchus Cobb 1913 2 Mononchulidae Bathyodontida + +
Okapinema Ivaschkin 1960 1 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Okapistrongylus Berghe 1937 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Okinawandros Hasegawa 2005 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Okranema Greenslade & Nicholas 1991 2 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Oligaphelenchoides Poinar 1977 5 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Oligodiplogaster Poinar 1977 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Oligonchulus Andrassy 1976 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Oligoplectus Taylor 1935 1 Plectidae Plectida + +
Ollulanus Leuckart 1865 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Omeia Hsu 1933 3 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Omicronema Cobb 1920 6 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Onchiolistia Blome 2002 3 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Onchiomermis Rubtzov 1976 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Onchium Cobb 1920 10 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Onchocerca Diesing in Hermann 1841 37 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Onchocercella Yorke & Maplestone 1931 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Oncholaimelloides Timm 1967 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Oncholaimellus De-Man 1890 20 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida + +
Oncholaimoides Chitwood 1937 3 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Oncholaimus Dujardin 1845 129 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida + +
Onchulus Cobb 1920 9 Onchulidae Tripylida + +
Oncophora Diesing 1851 3 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Onepunema Leduc & Verschelde 2017 4 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +

Oniscicula Schwenk 1927 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Onychonema Baylis 1943 3 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Onyx Cobb 1891 13 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Oonaguntus Thorne 1974 2 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Oostenbrinkella Jairajpuri 1965 3 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Oostenbrinkia Ali, Suryawanshi & 1973 2 Aulolaimoididae Dorylaimida +
Ahmad
Operculorhabditis Khera 1969 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ophidascaris Baylis 1921 38 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Opisthodorylaimus Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1982 11 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Orientatractis Petter 1966 14 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Orientostrongylus Durette-Desset 1971 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Orientylus Jairajpuri & Siddiqi 1977 7 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Oriverutoides Ahmad & Sturhan 2002 1 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Oriverutus Siddiqi 1971 8 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Ornithocapillaria Barus & Sergeeva 1990 7 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Ornithonema Travassos 1935 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Ornithostrongylus Travassos 1914 10 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Orphreyus Siddiqi 2000 3 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Orrina Brzeski 1981 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Orthomermis Poinar 1965 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Orthophallonema Bongers 1983 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Orthostrongylus Dougherty & Goble 1946 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Orthothominx Teixeira-De-Freitas & 1960 1 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Jorge-Da-Silva
Ortleppascaris Sprent 1978 5 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Ortleppnema Petter 1966 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Ortleppstrongylus Durette-Desset 1970 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Oryctonema Poinar 1970 23 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Oscheius Andrassy 1976 58 Rhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Oslerus Hall 1921 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Osstella Heyns 1962 1 Osstellidae Panagrolaimida +
Ostertagia Ransom 1907 53 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Oswaldocruzia Travassos 1917 93 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Oswaldofilaria Travassos, 1933 11 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Oswaldonema Travassos 1927 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Oswaldostrongylus Lent & Freitas 1934 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Otostrongylus De-Bruyn 1933 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Ottolenchus Husain & Khan 1967 29 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Ovomermis Rubtzov 1976 5 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Oxyascaris Travassos 1920 5 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Oxybelondira Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1979 4 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Oxydiroides Altherr 1972 4 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Oxydirus Thorne 1939 15 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Oxynema Linstow 1899 8 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Oxyonchus Filipjev 1927 21 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +

Oxysomatium Railliet & Henry 1916 15 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Oxyspirura Draesche in Stossich 1897 50 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Oxystomina Filipjev 1918 37 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Oxyuricassis Rodrigues, Furtado, 2017 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Melo & Santos
Oxyuris Rudolphi 1803 15 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Oxyuronema Kreis 1932 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Ozolaimus Dujardin 1845 6 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Pachydorylaimus Siddiqi 1983 7 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Pakira Yeates 1967 1 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Palaeoallantonema Poinar 2011 11 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Palaeoanguina Poinar 2011 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Palaeoaphelenchoides Poinar 2011 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Palaeoarachnus Poinar 2011 1 Heterorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Palaeocosmocerca Poinar 2011 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Palaeodiplogaster Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Palaeoenoplodes Mattavelli & Bracchi 2008 1 Palaeenoploididae Enoplida +
Palaeonema Poinar Kerp & Hass 2008 1 Palaeonematidae Ironida +
Palaeoparasitylenchus Poinar 2011 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Palaeorhabditis Poinar 2011 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Palaeotetradonema Poinar 2011 4 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Paleoiotonchium Poinar 2011 1 Iotonchiidae Panagrolaimida +
Paleothelastoma Poinar 2011 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida + +
Panagrellus Thorne 1938 16 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagrobelium Andrassy 1984 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagrobelus Thorne 1939 6 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagrodontus Thorne 1935 3 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagrolaimoides Ivanova 1976 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagrolaimus Fuchs 1930 23 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida + +
Panagrolobus Holovachov & Bostrom 2006 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagromacra Massey 1964 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Panagroteratus Andrassy 1986 3 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Pancreatonema McVicar & Gibson 1975 1 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Pandolaimus Allgen 1929 5 Pandolaimidae Tripylida +
Panduripharynx Timm 1961 3 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Papillabrum Kloss 1962 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Papillonema Verschelde, Muthumbi 1995 2 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
& Vincx
Papillosetaria Vevers 1922 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Papillostrongylus Johnston & Mawson 1939 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Papuadorus Andrassy 2009 3 Nordiidae Dorylaimida + +
Papuaphelenchus Andrassy 1973 1 Seinuridae Panagrolaimida +
Parabronema Baylis 1921 9 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Paracamallanus Yorke & Maplestone 1926 10 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Paracameronia DE-Carvalho & 1991 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Spiridonov

Paracanthocheilonema Vladimirov in 1959 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Bulginskaya,
Vladimirov & Markov
Paracanthonchus Micoletzky 1923 80 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Paracapillaria Mendonca 1963 21 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + + +
Paracapillaroides Moravec, Salgado, 1999 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + +
Maldonado & Caspeta-
Mandujano
Paracephalobus Akhtar 1962 2 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Parachromadorita Blome 1974 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Paracomesoma Hope & Murphy 1972 14 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Paracooperia Travassos 1935 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paracooperioides Boomker, Horak & 1981 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
De-Vos
Paracrassibucca Baqri & Jairajpuri 1974 1 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Paracrenosoma Yun & Kontrimavichus 1963 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paracrobeles Heyns 1968 7 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Paractinolaimus Meyl 1957 30 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Paracuaria Krishna-Rao 1951 4 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Paracyatholaimoides Gerlach 1953 3 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Paracyatholaimus Micoletzky 1922 32 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida + +
Paracylicolaimus Platonova 1970 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Paracyrnea Gupta & Jaiswal 1988 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Paradeletrocephalus Freitas & Lent 1947 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paradesmodora Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1950 7 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Paradichromadora Dashchenko 1991 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Paradollfusnema Baker 1982 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Paradorylaimus Andrassy 1969 20 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Paradoxolaimus Kreis 1924 1 Achromadoridae Chromadorida +
Paradoxorhabditis Khera 1971 1 Choriorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Paradoxostrongylus Ozdikmen 2010 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paradraconema Allen & Noffsinger 1978 8 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Paradujardinia Travassos 1933 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Paraegialoalaimus Allgen 1934 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Paraethmolaimus Jensen 1994 8 Ethmolaimidae Chromadorida +
Parafilaria Yorke & Maplestone 1926 5 Filariidae Spirurida +
Parafilaroides Dougherty 1946 11 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paragnomoxyala Jiang & Huang 2015 4 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Paragonionchus Blome 2002 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Paragraphidium Teixeira-De-Freitas & 1959 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Machado-De-Mendonca
Parahadronchus Mulvey 1978 10 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Paraheligmonella Durette-Desset 1971 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraheligmonelloides Fukumoto, Kamiya & 1980 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Suzuki
Paraheligmonina Ortlepp 1939 20 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraheterotyphlum Johnston & Mawson 1948 2 Ascarididae Spirurida + +

Parahistiostrongylus Perez Vigueras 1940 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraichthyocephalus Travassos & Kloss 1958 1 Ichthyocephalidae Rhigonematida +
Paraicosiella Majumdar & 1963 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Chakravarty
Paraiotonchium Slobodyanyuc 1975 6 Iotonchiidae Panagrolaimida +
Paralabiostrongylus Small 1982 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paralaeuris Cuckler 1938 2 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Paraleiuris Vaz & Pereira 1929 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Paraleptonchus Dhanam & Jairajpuri 1999 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Paraleptonema Wang 1980 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Paraleptosomatoides Mawson 1956 2 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Paraleptus H.W. Wu 1927 6 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Paralibyostrongylus Ortlepp 1939 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paralinhomoeus De-Man 1907 41 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Parallelocoilas Boucher 1975 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Paralongicyatholaimus Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1942 5 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Paralongidorus Siddiqi, Hooper & Kahn 1963 34 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Paramacropostrongylus Johnston & Mawson 1940 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paramadochotera Esslinger 1986 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Paramarylynnia Huang & Zhang 2007 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Paramermis Linstow 1898 8 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Paramesacanthion Wieser 1953 17 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Paramesonchium Hopper 1967 3 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Paramicrolaimus Wieser 1954 9 Paramicrolaimidae Selachinematida +
Paramidostomum Freitas & Mendonca 1950 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Paramonohystera Steiner 1916 21 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Paramononchus Mulvey 1978 6 Mononchidae Mononchida +
Paramphidelus Andrassy 1977 23 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Paramphimonhystrella Huang & Zhang 2006 15 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Paramylonchulus Siddiqi & Jairajpuri 2002 15 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Paranisakiopsis Yamaguti 1941 4 Raphidascarididae Spirurida +
Paranisakis Baylis 1923 16 Raphidascarididae Spirurida + +
Paranticoma Micoletzky & Kreis 1930 10 Anticomidae Enoplida +
Paranygolaimus Heyns 1968 2 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Paraochoterenella Purnomo & Bangs 1999 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Paraorientatractis Gibbons, Khalil & 1997 1 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Marinkelle
Paraoxybelondira Dhanam & Jairajpuri 1999 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Paraoxydirus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1979 6 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Paraoxyuronema Artigas 1937 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Parapalus Loof & Zullini 2000 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Paraphanoderma Inglis 1971 1 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Paraphanolaimus Micoletzky 1922 13 Aphanolaimidae Leptolaimida + +
Parapharyngodon Chatterji 1933 81 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Parapharyngostrongylus Beveridge 1982 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraphelenchus Micoletzky 1922 24 Paraphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +

Paraphilometroides Moravec & Shaharom- 1989 1 Philometridae Spirurida +
Harrison
Paraphysaloptera Gupta & Jehan 1971 2 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Parapinnanema Inglis 1969 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Paraplectonema Strand 1934 7 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Parapoteriostomum Hartwich 1986 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraprocta Maplestone 1931 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Paraproctonema Rubtsov 1978 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Paraplesiohedruris Bursey, Goldberg & 2012 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Kraus
Paraqudsiella Siddiqi 1982 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Paraquimperia Baylis 1934 6 Quimperiidae Spirurida + +
Pararaeolaimus Timm 1961 5 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Pararhabditis Baylis & Daubney 1926 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Pararhabdonema Kreis 1945 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pararugopharynx Magzoub 1964 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Parasabanema Smales & Heinrich 2010 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Parasaurositus Gupta & Johri 1989 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Parasaveljevia Wieser 1953 8 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Parascaris Yorke & Maplestone 1926 3 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Parascarophis Campana-Rouget 1955 4 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Parascolaimus Wieser 1959 5 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Paraseinura Timm 1961 1 Seinuridae Panagrolaimida +
Paraseuratoides Wang 1984 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Paraseuratum Johnston & Mawson 1940 2 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Parasitaphelenchus Fuchs 1929 20 Parasitaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Parasitodiplogaster Poinar 1979 20 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida +
Parasitorhabditis Fuchs 1937 43 Parasitorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Parasitylenchoides Wachek 1955 8 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Parasitylenchus Micoletzky 1922 12 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Parasomatium Anwar, Ul-Islam, 1979 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Farooq & Khanum
Parasphaerolaimus Ditlevsen 1918 17 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Paraspiculuris Akhtar 1955 4 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Paraspidodera Travassos 1914 8 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Paraspiralatus Gibbons, Nicholls, 2004 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Bailey & Samour
Paraspirura Sandground 1936 2 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Parastomachoglossa Coomans & Loof 1986 3 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Parastomonema Kito 1989 2 Siphonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Parastrongyloides Morgan 1928 18 Strongyloididae Panagrolaimida +
Parasubulura Berghe & Vuylsteke 1938 3 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Parasynodontisia Moravec, Kohn & 1992 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Fernandes
Paraterschellingia Kreis in Schuurmans- 1935 4 Aegialoalaimidae Leptolaimida +
Stekhoven
Parathalassoalaimus Allgen 1929 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +

Parathelandros Baylis 1930 12 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Paratimminema Rahaman, Ahmad & 1994 2 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Khan
Paratractis Gupta & Naiyer 1989 1 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Paratrichodorus Siddiqi 1974 30 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Paratrichosoma Ashford & Muller 1978 2 Trichosomoididae Trichocephalida +
Paratricoma Gerlach 1964 4 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Paratrilobus Micoletzky 1922 7 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Paratripyloides Schuurmans-Stekhoven 1950 3 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida +
Paratrophurus Arias 1970 14 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Paratuerkiana Platonova 1970 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Paratylencholaimus Wu, Xu, Xie & Wang 2019 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Paratylenchus Micoletzky 1922 179 Paratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Paraustrostrongylus Mawson 1973 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paraustroxyuris Mawson 1964 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Paravulvus Heyns 1968 18 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Paraxiphidorus Coomans & Chaves 1995 3 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Paraxonchium Krall 1958 15 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Parazoniolaimus Johnston & Mawson 1939 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Paregletylenchus Slobodyanyuk 1984 1 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Parelaphostrongylus Boev & Schulz 1950 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Parelzalia Tchesunov 1990 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Parenoplus Filipjev 1927 6 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Pareudesmoscolex Weischer 1962 3 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Pareurystomina Micoletzky & Kreis 1930 20 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Parironus Micoletzsky 1930 4 Ironidae Ironida +
Parkellus Jairajpuri, Tahseen & 2001 10 Mononchidae Mononchida +
Choi
Paroctonchus Shi & Xu 2016 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Parodontophora Timm 1963 32 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida + +
Paroigolaimella Paramonov 1952 12 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Paronchocerca Peters 1936 12 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Paroriverutus Carbonnel & Coomans 1982 5 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Parostertagia Schwartz & Alicata 1933 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paroxystomina Micoletzky 1924 2 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Parvinema Smales 2017 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Passalidophila Van-Waerebeke 1973 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Passalurus Dujardin 1845 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Passeristrongylus Jansen 1985 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Patagonema Pastor-De-Ward, Lo- 2015 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Russo & Villares
Patagoniella Ivanova & Vaucher 2005 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Patricialina Inglis 1968 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Paulianfilaria Chabaud, Petter & 1961 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Golvan
Paurodontella Husain & Khan 1968 18 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +

Paurodontoides Jairajpuri & Siddiqi 1969 2 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Paurodontus Thorne 1941 10 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Pearsonema Teixeira-De-Freitas & 1960 4 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Machado-De-Mendonca
Pectinospirura Wehr 1933 3 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Pelagonemella Kreis 1932 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Pelaogonema Cobb 1893 13 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Pelecitus Railliet & Henry 1910 34 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Pelicanascaris Ali & Farooqui in Singh 1970 1 Ascarididae Spirurida + + +
& Tandan
Pellioditis Dougherty 1955 19 Rhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Pelodera Schneider 1866 16 Peloderidae Rhabditida + +
Peltamigratus Sher 1964 23 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Penjatinema Heyns & Swart 1998 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Pennisia Bain & Chabaud 1979 1 Muspiceidae Muspiceida +
Pentadentoptera Schachnasarova 1949 5 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Pentatomimermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Peplorhabditis Ivanova 1960 1 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Peramelistrongylus Mawson 1960 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Peraphelenchus Wachek 1955 3 Entaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Perepsilonema Lorenzen 1973 9 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Pericyema Railliet 1925 1 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Perioplectus Sanwal in Gerlach & 1973 2 Plectidae Plectida +
Riemann
Perodira Baylis 1943 3 Homungellidae Drilonematida +
Perspiria Wieser & Hopper 1967 12 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Perutilimermis Nickle 1972 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Peterngus Ahmad, Ahmad & 2004 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Mahamood
Petrovifilaria Sonin 1961 1 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Petrovinema Ershov 1943 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Phacochoerostrongylus Schwartz 1928 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Phaenoncholaimus Kreis 1934 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Phalacronema Clark 1978 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Phallaxonchium Jairajpuri & 1979 5 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Dhanachand
Phanoderma Bastian 1865 36 Phanodermatidae Enoplida + +
Phanodermella Kreis 1928 2 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Phanodermopsis Ditlevsen 1926 18 Phanodermatidae Enoplida +
Pharurus R. Leuckart 1848 10 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pharyngodon Diesing 1861 45 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida + +
Pharyngonema Pierantoni 1923 1 Pharyngonematidae Drilonematida +
Pharyngostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone 1926 18 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Phascolostrongylus Canavan 1931 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Phasmarhabditis Andrassy 1976 25 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Phellonema Thorne 1964 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Pheromermis Poinar, Lane & Thomas, 1976 10 Mermithidae Mermithida +

Pheronous Inglis 1966 3 Ironidae Ironida +
Philometra Costa 1845 192 Philometridae Spirurida + +
Philometroides Yamaguti 1935 39 Philometridae Spirurida + +
Philonema Kuitunen-Ekbaum 1933 4 Micropleuridae Spirurida +
Phlyctainophora Steiner 1921 2 Micropleuridae Spirurida +
Phocanema Myers 1959 2 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Phocascaris Hoest 1932 4 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Phreatomermis Coman 1953 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Phyllolaimus Murphy 1963 2 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Phylloncholaimus Bussau 1995 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Physaloptera Rudolphi 1819 144 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Physalopteroides Wu & Liu 1940 20 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Physocephalus Diesing 1861 9 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Pierantonia Baylis & Daubney 1926 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Pierrickia Vitiello 1970 4 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Pingus Hsu 1933 25 Quimperiidae Spirurida + +
Piratuba Freitas & Lent, 1941 6 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Piratuboides Bain & Sulahian, 1974 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Piscicapillaria Moravec 1982 9 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Pithecostrongylus Lubimov 1930 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Placentonema Gubanov 1951 1 Tetrameridae Spirurida +
Placoconus Webster 1956 1 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Placodira Thorne 1937 2 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Platocamallanus Bilqees & Akram 1982 2 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Platonova Mordukhovich, 2019 4 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Semenchenko, Fadeeva
& Zograf
Platycoma Cobb 1894 6 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Platycomopsis Ditlevsen 1926 5 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Plectolaimus Inglis 1966 2 Chronogasteridae Plectida +
Plectonchus Fuchs 1930 2 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Plectus Bastian 1865 4 Plectidae Plectida + +
Plesioungella Yeates, Spiridonov & 1998 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Blakemore
Pleurotylenchus Szczygiel 1969 2 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Plutellonema Timm & Maggenti 1966 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Pneumocaulus Schulz & Andreeva 1948 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pneumonema Johnston 1916 1 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Pneumospirura Wu & Hu 1938 1 Pneumospiruridae Spirurida +
Pneumostrongylus Moennig 1932 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Podocnematractis Gibbons, Khalil & 1995 2 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Marinkelle
Poekilostrongylus Schmidt & Whittaker 1975 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Pogonomystrongylus Smales 2014 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Poikilolaimus Fuchs 1930 6 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Polenchus Andrassy 1980 4 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +

Polkepsilonema Verschelde & Vincx 1993 3 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Polydelphis Dujardin 1845 9 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Polydelphyoptera Schulz 1927 1 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Polygastrophoides Sun & Huang 2016 1 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Polygastrophora De-Man 1922 17 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida + +
Polyonchulus Mulvey & Jensen 1967 2 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Polysigma Cobb 1920 2 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Pomponema Cobb 1917 32 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Pontonema Leidy 1855 35 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Popovastrongylus Mawson 1977 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Porocoma Cobb 1920 1 Xenellidae Trefusiida +
Poronemella Siddiqi 1969 6 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Porrocaecum Railliet & Henry 1912 55 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Porternema Suryawanshi 1972 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Portmacquaria Blome 2005 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Postamphidelus Siddiqi 1993 1 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Posthalocercus Delyamure in Skryabin 1942 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Poteriostomum Quiel 1919 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Potorostrongylus Johnston & Mawson 1939 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Potoroxyuris Mawson 1964 3 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Practinocephalus Andrassy 1973 1 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Praeacanthonchus Micoletzky 1924 6 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Praecocilenchus Poinar 1969 2 Entaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Praeputirhabditis Khera 1969 1 Myolaimidae Diplogasterida +
Pratinema Chizhov & Sturhan 1998 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Pratylenchoides Winslow 1958 31 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida + +
Pratylenchus Filipjev 1936 132 Pratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Prescafilotermes Poinar 2011 2 Steinernematidae Ranagrolaimida +
Prestwoodia Anderson 1978 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Primasubulura Inglis 1958 10 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Prionchulellus Mulvey & Jensen 1967 1 Iotonchidae Mononchida +
Prionchuloides Mulvey 1963 1 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Prionchulus Cobb 1916 31 Mononchidae Mononchida + +
Prismatolaimus De-Man 1880 37 Prismatolaimidae Tripylida + +
Pristionchus Kreis 1932 79 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida + +
Pristionema N. Cobb in M. Cobb 1933 1 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Probstmayria Ransom 1907 10 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Procamacolaimus Gerlach 1954 7 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Procamallanus Baylis 1923 211 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Procephalobus Steiner 1934 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Prochaetosoma Micoletzky 1922 13 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Prochromadora Filipjev 1922 10 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Prochromadorella Micoletzky 1924 33 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Procyonostrongylus Anderson, Prestwood & 1979 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Strelive
Procyrnea Chabaud 1958 46 Habronematidae Spirurida +

Prodesmodora Micoletzky 1923 10 Desmodoridae Desmodorida + +
Prodomorganus Gagarin 1993 1 Ohridiidae Leptolaimida +
Prodontorhabditis Timm 1961 41 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Prodorylaimium Andrassy 1969 4 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Prodorylaimus Andrassy 1959 48 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + + +
Profilarinema Durette-Desset & 1981 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Beveridge
Progreeffiella Timm 1970 2 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Proheterorhabditis Poinar 2011 1 Heterorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Proleptonchoides Ferris, Goseco & 1979 3 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Kumar
Proleptonchus Lordello 1955 28 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Proleptus Dujardin 1845 10 Physalopteridae Spirurida + +
Prolinhomoeus Timm 1961 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Promiconchus Jairajpuri & Khan 1982 3 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Promonhystera Wieser 1956 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Promumtazium Siddiqi 1982 2 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Proncholaimus Micoletzky 1924 13 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Proparasitylenchus Wachek 1955 8 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Propharyngodon Biswas & Chakravarty 1963 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Proplatycoma Platonova 1976 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Prorhynchonema Gourbault 1982 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Prosphaerolaimus Filipjev 1918 2 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Prospinitectus Petter 1979 2 Cystidicolidae Spirurida + +
Prosungulonema Roytman 1963 4 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Protenema Petter & Planelles 1986 1 Micropleuridae Spirurida + +
Prothallonema Christie 1938 25 Sphaerulariidae Panagrolaimida +
Prothornenema Baqri & Bohra 2003 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Protocylindrocorpus Poinar, Pereira-Da-Silva 2014 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
& Hector-Flechtmann
Protodorylaimus Andrassy 1988 2 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Protofilaria Chandler 1929 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Protorhabditis Osche in Dougherty 1952 18 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Protospirura Seurat 1914 19 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Protostrongylus Kamensky 1905 37 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Prototricoma Timm 1970 3 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Protozoophaga Travassos 1923 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Protrellatus Farooqui 1970 5 Protrelloididae Spirurida +
Protrelleta Chitwood 1932 4 Protrelloididae Spirurida +
Protrelloides Chitwood 1932 2 Protrelloididae Spirurida +
Protrellus Cobb 1920 15 Protrelloididae Spirurida +
Protricoma Timm 1970 4 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Protricomoides Timm 1970 2 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Protylenchus Wachek 1955 2 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Proyseria Petter 1959 5 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Psammomermis Pologenzev 1941 12 Mermithidae Mermithida + +

Psammonema Verschelde & Vincx 1995 3 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Pselionema Cobb 1933 13 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Pseudabbreviata Lichtenfels & Quigley 1968 4 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Pseudacrobeles Steiner 1938 16 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Pseudalius Dujardin 1845 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pseudamidostomum Boulenger 1926 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Pseudanisakis Layman & Borovkova 1926 3 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Pseudaphelenchus Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, 2009 12 Tylaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Scheffrahn, Center &
Davies
Pseudaplectana Yamaguti 1961 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Pseudaprocta Schikhobalova 1930 8 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood 1951 8 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Pseudascarophis Ko, Margolis & 1985 4 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Machida
Pseudaspiculuris Akhtar 1955 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Pseudaspidodera Baylis & Daubney 1922 2 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Pseudechinotheristus Blome 2002 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Pseudelzalia Yu & Xu 2015 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Pseudhalenchus Tarjan 1958 6 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Pseudlemdana Sonin & Shumilo 1964 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Pseudoaulolaimus Imamura 1931 1 Aulolaimidae Mermithida +
Pseudoaviculariella Gupta & Jehan 1971 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Pseudocapillaria Freitas 1959 27 Capillariidae Trichocephalida + +
Pseudocella Filipjev 1927 26 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Pseudocheironchus Leduc 2013 1 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Pseudochromadora Daday 1899 12 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Pseudocruzia Wolfgang 1953 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Pseudocyrtosomum Gupta & Johri 1988 1 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Pseudodelphis Adamson & Roth 1990 4 Guyanemidae Spirurida +
Pseudodesmicola Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2006 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Pseudodesmodora Boucher 1975 3 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Pseudodilaimus Kreis 1928 1 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Pseudodiomedenema Gupta & Johri 1989 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Pseudodiplogasteroides Koerner 1954 2 Pseudodiplogasteroididae Diplogasterida +
Pseudofilaria Sandground 1936 2 Filariidae Spirurida +
Pseudohaplonema Wang 1978 1 Acuariidae Spirurida + +
Pseudoheligmosomum Travassos 1937 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pseudolella Cobb 1920 16 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Pseudolitomosa Yamaguti 1941 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Pseudomazzia Mujib, Bilqees, Rehana, 2005 1 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Ghazi & Haseeb
Pseudomermis De-Man 1903 7 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Pseudometachromadora Timm 1952 2 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Pseudoncholaimus Kreis 1932 9 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Pseudonchus Cobb 1920 11 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +

Pseudonchulus Altherr 1972 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Pseudonymus Diesing 1857 12 Pseudonymidae Spirurida +
Pseudopelagonema Kreis 1932 2 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Pseudophysaloptera Baylis 1934 8 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Pseudoplatycoma Chen 2014 3 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Pseudoproleptus Khera 1953 11 Cystidicolidae Spirurida + +
Pseudorictularia Dollfus & Desportes 1945 1 Rictulariidae Spirurida +
Pseudosteineria Wieser 1956 13 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Pseudostertagia Orloff 1933 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pseudostrongyloides Kreis 1940 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Pseudostrongyluris Guerrero 1971 1 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Pseudoterranova Mosgovoy 1950 7 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Pseudoterschellingia Armenteros, Vincx & 2009 1 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Decraemer
Pseudothamugadia Lopez-Neyra 1956 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Pseudotriceratoma Belogurov & Fadeeva 1985 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Pseudoxyascaris Uchida & Itagaki 1979 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Psilenchus De-Man 1921 21 Psilenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Psocidonema Poinar 2011 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Psychodorhabditis Poinar 2011 6 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Psyllomermis Rubtzov 1981 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Psyllotylenchus Poinar & Nelson 1973 16 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Pternepsilonema Verschelde & Vincx 1993 1 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Pteronemella Rao 1958 1 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Pteronium Cobb 1933 1 Richtersiidae Selachinematida +
Pterothominx Freitas 1959 22 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Pterotylenchus Siddiqi & Lenne 1984 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Pterygodermatites Wedl 1861 38 Rictulariidae Spirurida +
Pterygonema Gerlach 1954 5 Ceramonematidae Leptolaimida +
Pterygorhabditis Timm 1957 6 Pterygorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ptychaphelenchus Hodda 2009 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Ptycholaimellus Cobb 1920 26 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Pudica Travassos & Darriba 1929 19 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Pulchranemella Cobb 1933 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Pulchrascaris Vicente & Dos-Santos 1972 3 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Pulchrocephala Travassos 1925 2 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Pulicimermis Rubtzov 1981 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Pulmostrongylus Hsu 1935 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Punchaulus De-Ley & Coomans 1996 1 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Punctodera Mulvey & Stone 1976 3 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida +
Punctodora Filipjev 1930 5 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Punctolepis Khan 1987 1 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Pungentus Thorne & Swanger 1936 22 Nordiidae Dorylaimida + +
Pygarginema Kadenatsy 1948 2 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Pygecantha Hunt 1997 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Quadricoma Filipjev 1922 32 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +

Quadricomoides Decraemer 1976 5 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Quadrimermis Coman 1961 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Quadriplotriaena Wehr 1939 2 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Quasiamidostomum Lomakin 1991 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Quasibrilus Tsalolikhin 1976 3 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Quasithelazia Maplestone 1932 19 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Qudsianema Jairajpuri 1965 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Qudsiella Jairajpuri 1967 1 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Quentinstrongylus Durette-Desset 1969 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Quilonia Lane 1914 17 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Quimperia Gendre 1928 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Quinisulcius Siddiqi 1971 17 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Rabbium Chitwood 1960 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Radopholoides De Guiran 1967 4 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Radopholus Thorne 1949 25 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Rafiqius Khan & Hussain 1997 2 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Ragenema Slimane, Chabaud & 1996 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Durette-Desset
Rahmium Andrassy 1973 1 Mononchulidae Bathyodontida +
Raillietascaris Sprent 1985 3 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Raillietnema Travassos 1927 18 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Ransomnema Artigas 1926 10 Ransomnematidae Rhigonematida +
Ransomus Hall 1916 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Raonema Kloss 1965 3 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Raphidascaris Railliet & Henry 1915 48 Raphidascarididae Spirurida + +
Raphidascaroides Yamaguti 1941 15 Raphidascarididae Spirurida + +
Rasheedia Moravec & Justine 2018 7 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Rattustrongylus Ow-Yang, Durette- 1983 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Ohbayashi
Rauschia Durette-Desset 1979 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Rauschivingylus Kontrimavichus & 1979 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Delyamure
Rauschoxyuris Quentin 1975 1 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Rauschtineria Hugot 1980 2 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Reesimermis Tsai & Grundmann 1969 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Reiterina Sudhaus 2011 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Retrotheristus Lorenzen 1977 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Rhabdias Stiles & Hassall 1905 82 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Rhabditella Cobb 1929 10 Rhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Rhabditidoides Rahm 1928 8 Diplogasteroididae Diplogasterida + +
Rhabditis Dujardin 1845 27 Rhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Rhabditoides Goodey 1929 9 Rhabditoididae Rhabditida +
Rhabditolaimus Fuchs 1914 22 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Rhabditonema Koerner 1954 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Rhabditophanes Fuchs 1930 3 Alloionematidae Panagrolaimida +

Rhabditostomum Chabaud & 1976 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Krishnasamy
Rhabdochona Railliet 1916 169 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida + +
Rhabdocoma Cobb 1920 4 Trefusiidae Trefusiida +
Rhabdodemania Baylis & Daubney 1926 17 Rhabdodemaniidae Tripylida +
Rhabdolaimus De-Man 1880 1 Rhabdolaimidae Ironida + +
Rhabdotoderma Marion 1870 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Rhabpanus Massey 1971 3 Cruznematidae Rhabditida +
Rhadinema Cobb 1920 3 Rhadinematidae Leptolaimida +
Rhaptothyreius Hope & Murphy 1969 2 Rhaptothyreidae Rhaptothyreida +
Rhigonema Cobb 1898 2 Rhigonematidae Rhigonematida +
Rhinema Cobb 1920 2 Monoposthiidae Desmodorida +
Rhinocerotonema Jiang, Yin & Kung 1986 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Rhinoclemmysnema Gibbons & Platt 2006 1 Atractidae Spirurida + +
Rhips Cobb 1920 9 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Rhitilla Andrassy 2007 1 Rhabditoididae Rhabditida +
Rhitis Andrassy 1983 7 Rhabditoididae Rhabditida +
Rhizonemella Andrassy 2007 7 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Rhodolaimus Fuchs 1930 13 Bunonematidae Rhabditida +
Rhodonema Andrassy 1983 2 Bunonematidae Rhabditida +
Rhomborhabditis Andrassy 1983 1 Peloderidae Rhabditida +
Rhynchomermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Rhynchonema Cobb 1920 34 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Rhyssocolpus Andrassy 1971 2 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Richtersia Steiner 1916 20 Richtersiidae Selachinematida +
Rictularia Froelich 1802 59 Rictulariidae Spirurida +
Rictularina Johnston & Mawson 1941 1 Rictulariidae Spirurida +
Rictularioides Hall 1916 1 Rictulariidae Spirurida +
Ridgellus Siddiqi 2000 1 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida + +
Riouxgolvania Bain & Chabaud 1968 3 Muspiceidae Muspiceida +
Ritenbenkia Allgen 1957 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Robbea Gerlach 1956 6 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Robertdollfusa Chabaud & Campana- 1950 2 Robertdollfusidae Muspiceida +
Rouget
Robleus Massey 1974 1 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Robustnema Nicholas 1996 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Robustodorus Andrassy 2007 7 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Rodentanema Smales 2016 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Rodentocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass 1938 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Rodentogamus Sadovskaja 1950 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Rogerus Hoeppli & Chu 1934 2 Rhabdolaimidae Ironida +
Romanomermis Coman 1961 17 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Rondonema Artigas 1926 3 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Rondonia Travassos 1919 4 Atractidae Spirurida +
Roqueus Thorne 1964 3 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Rostrulium Siddiqi 1995 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +

Rotylenchoides Whitehead 1958 10 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Rotylenchulus Linford & Oliveira 1940 14 Rotylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Rotylenchus Filipjev 1936 111 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Roveaphelenchus Nickle 1970 1 Entaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Royandersonia Moravec & Van-As 2004 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Rubzovinema Slobodyanyuk 1991 3 Neotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Ruehmaphelenchus Goodey 1963 14 Parasitaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Rugonema Beveridge 1999 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Rugopharynx Moennig 1926 22 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Rugostrongylus Beveridge 1982 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Ruizia Travassos & Kloss 1959 2 Rhigonematidae Rhigonematida +
Rumai Travassos 1960 1 Philometridae Spirurida +
Rumenfilaria Lankester & Snider 1982 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Rusguniella Seurat 1919 4 Acuariidae Spirurida + +
Sabanema Ow-Yang, Durette- 1983 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Ohbayashi
Sabatieria Rouville 1903 106 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Sachsia Meyl 1960 3 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida + +
Sachsium Andrassy 1971 1 Bunonematidae Rhabditida +
Sacrimarinema Shoshin 2001 3 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Sadkonavis Platonova 1979 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Safianema Siddiqi 1980 6 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Sakia Khan 1964 16 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Salesia Travassos & Kloss 1958 2 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Salimella Siddiqi 2005 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Salvelinema Trofimenko 1962 2 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Sandnema Chabaud & Bain 1976 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Sanduanensis Durette-Desset & 2015 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Digiani
Saprorhabditis Khera 1969 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Sarconema Wehr 1939 5 Onchocercidae Spirurida + +
Sarisodera Wouts & Sher 1971 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Sarsonia Gerlach 1967 2 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Sauertylenchus Sher 1974 5 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Sauricola Chapin 1924 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Saurositus Macfie 1924 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Saveljevia Filipjev 1927 6 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Scalpelus Ahmad 2004 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Scalpenchus Siddiqi 1995 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Scapidens Heyns 1965 1 Nygolaimellidae Dorylaimida +
Scaptrella Cobb 1917 5 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Scarabinema Poinar 2011 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Scatonema Bovien 1933 1 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Schikhobalovia Ali & Deshpande 1969 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Schistonchus Cobb 1927 11 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Schistorophus Railliet 1916 7 Acuariidae Spirurida +

Schmassmannimermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Schneidernema Travassos 1927 2 Schneidernematidae Spirurida +
Scholpaniella Sergeeva 1973 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Schrankiana Strand 1942 8 Cosmocercidae Spirurida + +
Schulmanela Ivaskin 1964 1 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Schulzia Travassos 1937 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Schulzinema Krastin 1937 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Schuurmanimermis Rubtsov 1978 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Schwenckiana Kloss 1966 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Sciadiocara Skryabin 1916 8 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Scirtimermis Kaiser & Klausnitzer 2001 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Sciuricola Durette-Desset 1983 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Sciurodendrium Durette-Desset 1971 7 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Scleralaimus Siddiqi 1993 1 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Scleramphidelus Clausi & Vinciguerra 1995 1 Alaimidae Alaimida +
Scleroactinolaimus Ahmad, Khan & Ahmad 1992 1 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Sclerolabia Carbonell & Coomans 1986 6 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Sclerolaimus Jairajpuri & Ahmad 1992 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Sclerorhabditis Ahmad, Shah & 2007 1 Diploscapteridae Rhabditida +
Mahamood
Sclerostylus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris 1981 2 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Sclerotrichum Rudolphi 1819 1 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Scolecophilus Baylis & Daubney 1922 4 Scolecophilidae Drilonematida +
Scolytonema Poinar 2011 3 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Scottnema Timm 1971 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Scutellonema Andrassy 1958 58 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Scutylenchus Jairajpuri 1971 21 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Sectonema Thorne 1930 40 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Seinura Fuchs 1931 56 Seinuridae Panagrolaimida +
Selachinema Cobb 1915 1 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Semitobrilus Tsalolikhin 1981 4 Tobrilidae Tripylida +
Senegalonema Germani, Luc & 1984 1 Rotylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Baldwin
Serofilaria Wu & Yun in Wu, Yun, 1979 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Jia, Xu & Xiao-Nin
Serpentirhabdias Tkach, Kuzmin & 2014 18 Rhabdiasidae Rhabditida +
Snyder
Serpinema Yeh 1960 7 Camallanidae Spirurida +
Serradacnitis Lane 1916 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida + +
Serratospiculoides Sonin 1968 1 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Serratospiculum Skryabin 1915 7 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Setaria Viborg 1795 46 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Setonema Poinar 2011 1 Acugutturidae Panagrolaimida +
Setoplectus Vitiello 1971 4 Haliplectidae Plectida + +
Setosabatieria Platt 1985 13 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Setostephanolaimus Tchesunov 1994 7 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +

Seuratascaris Sprent 1985 1 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Seuratia Skryabin 1916 3 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Seuratiella Ditlevsen 1923 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Seuratum Hall 1916 8 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Seurechina Chabaud, Seureau, 1980 3 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Beveridge, Bain &
Durette-Desset
Severianoia Schwenck 1926 9 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Sexansocara Sobolev & Sudarikov 1939 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Sexansodera Skryabin & 1947 1 Aspidoderidae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova
Shahnema Siddiqi 2014 4 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Shattuckius Sandground 1938 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Sheraphelenchus Nickle 1970 6 Aphelenchoididae Panagrolaimida +
Shunyanema Hasegawa & Uchida 2006 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Sibayinema Swart & Heyns 1991 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Sicaguttur Siddiqi 1971 15 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Siconema Timm 1966 24 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Siconemoides Timm 1966 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Sicorinema Siddiqi 1982 7 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Siddiqia Khan, Chawla & Saha 1978 28 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Sigmophoranema Hope & Murphy 1972 4 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Silenchus Andrassy 2001 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Silvallis Ahmad & Jairajpuri 1986 1 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Similascarophis Munoz-Gonzalez & 2004 2 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
George-Nascimento
Simondsia Cobbold 1864 2 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Simpliconema Blome & Schrage 1985 3 Simpliconematidae Trefusiida +
Simulimermis Gafurov, Bekturganov 1991 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
& Gubaidulin
Sinanema Andrassy 1960 3 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Singhiella Rao 1958 1 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Sinoichthyonema Wu in Chen 1965 1 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Siphonolaimus De-Man 1893 54 Siphonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Sitadevinema Khera 1970 1 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Skarbilovinema Chizhov & 1991 2 Iotonchiidae Panagrolaimida +
Zakharenkova
Skibbinema Van-Reenan & Heyns 1986 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Skladnikia Ricci 1939 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Skrjabillanus Shigin & Shigina 1958 4 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinalius Delamure 1942 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Skrjabinelazia Sypliaxov 1930 7 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinema Werestchajin 1926 11 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Skrjabingylus Petrov 1927 7 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Skrjabinitectus Majumdar & Banerjee 1966 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinocaulus Boev & Sulimov 1963 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Skrjabinocerca Schikhoblaova 1930 5 Acuariidae Spirurida + +

Skrjabinocercella Gushanskaya 1953 2 Desmidocercidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinoclava Sobolev 1943 33 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinodera Gnedina & Vsevolodov 1947 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinodon Inglis 1968 37 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinofilaria Travassos 1925 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Skrjabinomermis Pologenzev 1952 4 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Skrjabinoptera Schulz 1927 8 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Skrjabinura Gnedina 1933 3 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Skryabineandros Markov 1962 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Smithsoninema Hope & Tchesunov 1999 1 Camacolaimidae Plectida +
Soaresnema Travassos & Kloss 1958 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Sobolevingylus Romanov 1952 3 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Soboliphyme Petrov 1930 10 Soboliphymatidae Dioctophymatida +
Solafilaria Chabaud, Anderson & 1959 3 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Brygoo
Solenolaimus Cobb 1894 1 Siphonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Solididens Heyns 1968 8 Nygolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Southerniella Allgen 1932 15 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Spalacina Biserkov, Durette- 1995 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset & Genov
Spartonema Siddiqi 1986 2 Meloidogynidae Panagrolaimida +
Spauligodon Skryabin, 1960 44 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova &
Lagodovskaja
Spectatus Travassos 1923 2 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Sphaeroamphis Ahmad & Sturhan 2000 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Sphaerocephalum Filipjev 1918 3 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Sphaerolaimus Bastian 1865 46 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Sphaeronema Raski & Sher 1952 7 Sphaeronematidae Panagrolaimida +
Sphaerotheristus Timm 1968 5 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Sphaerularia Dufour 1837 1 Sphaerulariidae Panagrolaimida +
Spiculimermis Artyukhovskii in 1963 12 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Schikhobalova
Spiculocaulus Schulz, Orlov & Kutass 1933 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Spiculopteragia Orloff 1933 24 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Spiliphera Bastian 1865 9 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Spilophorella Filipjev 1918 14 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Spilotylenchus Launay, Deunff & Bain 1983 8 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Spinicauda Travassos 1920 16 Heterakidae Spirurida +
Spininematoides Rajeswari, Anand & 1985 1 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Narayan-Rao
Spinitectoides Petter 1969 1 Cystidicolidae Spirurida +
Spinitectus Fourment 1883 79 Cystidicolidae Spirurida + +
Spinodesmoscolex Decraemer 1983 1 Desmoscolecidae Desmoscolecida +
Spinodiplotriaena Kalyankar & Palladwar 1989 1 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Spinonema Larrazabal-Filho, Neres, 2019 3 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Da-Silva & Esteves

Spinostrongylus Travassos 1935 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Spinoxyuris Petter 1994 2 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Spiralatus Chabaud, Brygoo & 1963 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Durette
Spiramphinema Wieser 1957 3 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Spirinia Gerlach 1963 18 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Spirobakerus Chabaud & Bain 1981 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Spirobolbolaimus Soetaert & Vincx 1988 4 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Spirocerca Railliet & Henry 1917 10 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Spirodesma Cavalcanti, Silva & 2009 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Fonseca-Genevois
Spironoura Leidy 1856 36 Kathlaniidae Spirurida + +
Spirophilometra Paruchin 1973 3 Philometridae Spirurida +
Spirosprattus Smales 2004 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Spirostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone 1926 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Spiroxys Schneider 1866 19 Gnathostomatidae Spirurida + +
Spirura E. Blanchard 1849 31 Spiruridae Spirurida +
Spiruroides Cameron & Parnell 1933 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Splendidofilaria Skryabin 1923 19 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Sporonchulus Cobb 1917 4 Mylonchulidae Mononchida +
Sprattellus Durette-Desset & 1981 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cassone
Sprattianema Hodda 2021 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Sprentascaris Petter & Cassone 1984 3 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Sprentia Clark 1978 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Squamasnema Cordeiro, De- 2015 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Vasconcelos-Melo,
Furtado, Giese,
Maldonado & Dos-
Santos
Squamofilaria Schmerling 1925 6 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Squamostrongylus Travassos 1937 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Squanema Gerlach 1963 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Srivastavanema Singh 1962 5 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Stammeria Sachs 1949 1 Bunonematidae Rhabditida +
Stammerinema Osche 1955 5 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Starobogatovia Platonova 1984 5 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Stauratostoma Phillips, Pivar, Sun, 2018 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Moulton & Bernard
Stefanskostrongylus Drozdz 1970 10 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Stegelleta Thorne 1938 9 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Stegelletina Andrassy 1984 11 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Stegonema Travassos 1954 1 Pseudonymidae Spirurida +
Stegophorus Wehr 1934 5 Acuariidae Spirurida + +
Stegorhabditis Shah, Hussain, Vaid & 2015 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ahmad
Steineria Micoletzky 1922 19 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Steineridora Inglis 1969 4 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +

Steinernema Travassos 1927 145 Steinernematidae Panagrolaimida +
Steinimermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Stellocaronema Gilbert 1930 4 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Stelmioides Antonucci 1929 1 Seuratidae Spirurida +
Stenonchulus Schneider 1940 1 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Stenuroides Gerichter 1951 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Stenurus Dujardin 1845 13 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Stephanofilaria Ihle & Ihle-Landenberg 1933 12 Filariidae Spirurida +
Stephanolaimus Ditlevsen 1914 3 Leptolaimidae Leptolaimida +
Stephanurus Diesing 1839 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Steratocephalus Andrassy 1984 1 Teratocephalidae Teratocephalida +
Stilbonema Cobb 1920 3 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Stilestrongylus Freitas, Lent & Almeida 1937 26 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Stomachorhabditis Andrassy 1970 4 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Stopractinca Khan, Ahmad & 1994 6 Carcharolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Jairajpuri
Strelkovimermis Rubtsov 1969 11 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Streptocara Railliet, Henry & Sisoff 1912 11 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Streptopharagus Blanc 1912 11 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Strianema Eberhard, Orihel & 1993 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Campo-Aasen
Striatodora Timm 1961 1 Diplopeltidae Monhysterida +
Striatofilaria Lubimov 1927 2 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Strongylacantha Van-Beneden 1873 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Strongyloides Grassi 1879 63 Strongyloididae Panagrolaimida +
Strongyluris Mueller 1894 23 Heterakidae Spirurida + +
Strongylus Mueller 1780 14 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Struthiofilaria Noda & Nagata 1976 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Stygodesmodora Blome 1982 7 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Subanguina Paramonov 1967 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Subaspiculuris Akhtar 1955 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Subsphaerolaimus Lorenzen 1978 11 Sphaerolaimidae Monhysterida +
Subulascaris Freitas & Dobbin 1957 4 Quimperiidae Spirurida + +
Subulura Molin 1860 64 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Sucamphida Timm 1966 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Sudhausia Hermann, Ragsdale, 2013 8 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Kanzaki & Sommer
Suifilaria Ortlepp 1937 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Suifunema Chitwood 1932 3 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Sulcascaris Hartwich 1957 1 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Sulphuretylenchus Ruehm 1956 13 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Suncinema Durette-Desset 1974 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Sutarostrongylus Beveridge & Durette- 1986 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Suttonema Digiani & Durette- 2003 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Swangeria Thorne 1939 2 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +

Syafruddinema Celina-Digiani & 2014 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Durette-Desset
Sychnotylenchus Ruehm 1956 6 Sychnotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Syconema Poinar 2011 1 Cephalobiidae Diplogasterida +
Symplocostoma Bastian 1865 23 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Symplocostomella Micoletzky & Kreis 1930 4 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Syncheilaxonchium Coomans & Nair 1975 12 Belondiridae Dorylaimida +
Syncuaria Gilbert 1927 12 Acuariidae Spirurida + +
Syngamus Siebold 1836 13 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Syngnathinema Moravec, Spangenberg 2001 1 Daniconematidae Spirurida +
& Frasca
Synhimantus Railliet, Henry & Sisoff 1912 46 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Synodontisia Petter, Vassiliades & 1972 3 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Troncy
Synodontium Cobb 1920 4 Axonolaimidae Monhysterida +
Synoecnema Magalhaes 1905 23 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Synonchiella Cobb 1933 18 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Synonchium Cobb 1920 8 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Synonchoides Wieser 1956 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Synonchus Cobb 1894 10 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Synonema Cobb 1920 10 Aponchiidae Desmodorida +
Syphabulea Gubanov 1964 9 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Syphacia Seurat 1916 76 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Syphaciella Moennig 1923 3 Heteroxynematidae Spirurida +
Syphaciuris Skryabin & 1951 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Schikhobalova in
Skryabin
Sypharista Quentin 1971 9 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Syphatineria Chabaud & Biocca 1955 14 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Syringolaimus De-Man 1888 1 Rhabdolaimidae Ironida +
Syringoplatycoma Hodda 2021 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Syrphonema Laumond & Lyon 1971 1 Syrphonematidae Rhabditida +
Tachygonetria Wedl 1862 28 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Tachynema Durette-Desset & 1983 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cassone
Tadaridanema Falcon-Ordaz, Guzman- 2006 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cornejo, Garcia-Prieto
& Gardner
Takakia Yeates 1967 1 Prismatolaimidae Tripylida +
Takamangai Yeates 1967 47 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Takamangi Yeates 1967 1 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Talanema Andrassy 1991 7 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Tanqua R. Blanchard 1904 3 Gnathostomatidae Spirurida +
Tantunema Siddiqi 1982 7 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Tanzanius Siddiqi 1991 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tapia Belogurov & Fadeeva 1985 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Tapironema Durette-Desset, 1997 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Chabaud & Sutton

Tarantobelus Abolafia & Pena- 2018 1 Brevibuccidae Rhabditida +
Santiago
Tarsubulura Inglis 1958 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Tarvaia Allgen 1934 8 Tarvaiidae Leptolaimida +
Tasmanema Durette-Desset & 1983 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Cassone
Tawila Khalil 1932 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Tejeraia Diaz-Ungria 1963 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Teladorsagia Andreeva & Satubaldin 1954 22 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Teleomermis Johnson & Bowen 1990 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Telomerlinius Siddiqi & Sturhan 2014 4 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Telotylenchoides Siddiqi 1971 3 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Telotylenchus Siddiqi 1960 21 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tendinema Siddiqi 1995 2 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Tenoranema Mas-Coma & Esteban 1985 5 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Tenuidraconema Decraemer 1989 3 Draconematidae Desmodorida +
Tenunema Kapoor 1983 1 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tenunemellus Siddiqi 1986 7 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Tenuostrongylus Le-Roux 1933 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Teporingonema Harris 1985 4 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Teratocephalus De-Man 1876 21 Teratocephalidae Teratocephalida +
Teratodiplogaster Kanzaki, Giblin-Davis, 2009 6 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Davies, Ye, Center &
Thomas
Teratolobus Andrassy 1968 3 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Teratorhabditis Osche 1952 5 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida + +
Termirhabditis Massey 1971 1 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Ternidens Railliet & Henry 1909 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Terranova Leiper & Atkinson 1914 26 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Terromermis Artyukovsky & 1977 2 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Lisikova
Terschellingia De-Man 1888 41 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida + +
Terschellingioides Timm 1967 6 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Tetanonema Steiner 1937 1 Tetanonematidae Spirurida +
Tethystrongylus Beveridge 1983 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Tetleyus Dale 1964 5 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Tetrabothriostrongylus Mawson 1960 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Tetracheilonema Diesing 1861 2 Aproctidae Spirurida +
Tetradomermis Rubtsov 1967 9 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Tetradonema Cobb 1919 2 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Tetragomphius Baylis & Daubney 1923 2 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida +
Tetrameres Creplin 1846 67 Tetrameridae Spirurida + +
Tetramermis Steiner 1925 3 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Tetrarhabditis Osche 1952 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Tetylenchus Filipjev 1936 2 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Texicospirura Chitwood & Cordero- 1966 1 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
De-Campillo

Thada Thorne 1941 1 Boleodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Thainema Ivanova, Kozodoi & 1987 2 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Spiridonov
Thaistrongylus Ohbayashi, Kamiya & 1979 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Bhaibulaya
Thalassironus De-Man 1889 13 Ironidae Ironida +
Thalassoalaimus De-Man 1893 26 Oxystominidae Ironida + +
Thalassogenus Andrassy 1973 5 Thalassogeneridae Oncholaimida + +
Thalassomermis Tchesunov & Hope 1997 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Thalassomonhystera Jacobs 1987 41 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Thalassonema Ward 1933 2 Marimermithidae Marimermithida +
Thallostonema Beveridge 1983 6 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Thamugadia Seurat 1917 5 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Thaparia Ortlepp 1933 5 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Thaumamermis Poinar 1981 2 Mermithidae Mermithida + +
Theileriana Moennig 1924 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Thelandros Wedl 1862 75 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Thelastoma Leidy 1849 70 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Thelazia Bosc in Blainville 1819 24 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Thelonema Bussau 1993 4 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Theristus Bastian 1865 117 Xyalidae Monhysterida + +
Thoonchus Cobb 1920 4 Enchelidiidae Oncholaimida +
Thoracostoma Marion 1870 43 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Thoracostomopsis Ditlevsen 1919 6 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Thornedia Husain & Khan 1965 3 Nordiidae Dorylaimida +
Thorneella Andrassy 1960 2 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Thornenema Andrassy 1959 21 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Thorneum Siddiqi, Handoo & 2015 1 Mononchidae Mononchida +
Chitwood
Thornia Meyl 1954 11 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Thorniosa Andrassy 1996 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Thraustomermis Song & Peng 1991 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Thripinema Siddiqi 1986 5 Allantonematidae Panagrolaimida +
Thubunaea Seurat 1914 24 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Thylaconema Chandler 1929 1 Thelaziidae Spirurida +
Thylonema Beveridge 1981 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Thylostrongylus Beveridge 1982 3 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Tiacuatzoxyuris Jiminez, Caspeta- 2019 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Mandujano & Albino-
Miranda
Tigronchoides Ivanova & Dzuraeva 1971 9 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Tikusnema Hasegawa, Shiraishi & 1992 3 Acuariidae Spirurida + +
Rochma
Timmia Hopper 1961 3 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Timminema Khan 1978 6 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Timmungella Ivanova, Kozodoi & 1987 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Spiridonov

Timmus Goseco, Ferris & Ferris 1976 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Tipulacomis Poinar 2011 4 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Titilleus Siddiqi 2014 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Tobrilia Andrassy 1967 2 Tripylidae Tripylida +
Tobriloides Loof 1973 2 Onchulidae Tripylida + +
Tobrilonchulus Holovachov, 2008 Onchulidae Tripylida +
Winiszewska, Sturhan,
Esquivel & Wu
Tobrilus Andrassy 1959 76 Tobrilidae Tripylida + + +
Tokobaevimermis Gafurov & An 1989 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Tonaudia Travassos 1918 1 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Tonoscolecinema Timm 1967 6 Drilonematidae Drilonematida +
Torquatoides Williams 1929 5 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Torrestrongylus Vigueras 1935 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Torsiomermis Kaiser & Schwank 1985 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Torumanawa Yeates 1967 2 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Torynurus Baylis & Daubney 1925 2 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Touzeta Petter 1987 1 Quimperiidae Spirurida +
Toxascaris Leiper 1907 6 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Toxocara Stiles in Stiles & 1905 27 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Hassall
Trachactinolaimus Andrassy 1963 3 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Trachyglossoides Garcia & Morffe 2015 1 Xustromatidae Rhigonematida +
Trachyglossus Hunt 2002 1 Xustromatidae Rhigonematida +
Trachypharynx Leiper 1911 4 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Trachypleurosum Andrassy 1959 5 Trachypleurosidae Dorylaimida +
Traklosia Bernard & Phillips 2015 3 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Travassallodapa Lopez-Neyra 1945 1 Subuluridae Spirurida +
Travassosascaris Sprent 1978 1 Ascarididae Spirurida +
Travassosinema Rao 1958 9 Travassosinematidae Spirurida +
Travassosius Khalil 1922 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Travassosnema Costa, Moreira & De- 1991 1 Skrjabillanidae Spirurida +
Oliveira
Travassostrongylus Orloff 1933 11 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Travnema Pereira 1938 2 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Trefusia De-Man 1893 21 Trefusiidae Trefusiida +
Trefusialaimus Riemann 1974 1 Trefusiidae Trefusiida +
Tremonema Siddiqi 1994 1 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Triaulolaimus Platonova 1979 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Tricaenonchus Andrassy 1996 1 Cobbonchidae Mononchida +
Tricephalobus Steiner 1936 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Triceratonema Platonova 1976 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Tricheilia Wang & Wang 1991 1 Tricheilidae Spirurida + +
Tricheilonema Diesing 1861 1 Filariidae Spirurida +
Trichenoplus Mawson 1956 1 Trefusiidae Trefusiida +
Trichinella Railliet 1895 11 Trichinellidae Trichocephalida + +

Trichochenia Kou 1958 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichodorus Cobb 1913 52 Trichodoridae Triplonchida +
Trichofreitasia Sutton & Durette- 1991 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Trichohelix Ortlepp 1922 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Tricholeiperia Travassos 1935 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Tricholinstowia Travassos 1937 12 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichonema Rubtsov 1978 1 Tetradonematidae Mermithida +
Trichoskrjabinia Travassos 1937 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichosomoides Railliet 1895 4 Trichosomoididae Trichocephalida +
Trichospirura Smith & Chitwood 1967 3 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida +
Trichostrongyella Dikov 1961 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichostrongylus Looss 1905 53 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichotheristus Weiser 1956 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Trichotravassosia Lent & Freitas 1938 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trichotylenchus Whitehead 1959 8 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Trichromadora Kreis 1929 3 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Trichromadorita Timm 1961 2 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Trichuris Roederer 1761 107 Trichuridae Trichocephalida +
Trichuroides Ricci 1949 1 Trichosomoididae Trichocephalida +
Tricirronema Siddiqi 1993 3 Bicirronematidae Panagrolaimida +
Tricoma Cobb 1894 90 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Tridentellia Gerlach & Riemann 1973 1 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +
Tridentocapillaria Barus & Sergeeva 1990 5 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Tridentoinfundibulum Tshoijo in Popova 1958 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Tridentulus Eyualem & Coomans 1995 6 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Triepsilonema Decraemer 1982 1 Epsilonematidae Desmodorida +
Trifurcata Schulz 1926 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trigonostonema Beveridge 1981 5 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Trileptium Cobb 1933 10 Thoracostomopsidae Enoplida +
Triligulla Siddiqi 1993 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Trilobostrongylus Anderson 1963 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Triodontolaimus De-Man 1893 1 Triodontolaimidae Tripylida +
Triodontophorus Looss 1902 9 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Tripius Chitwood 1935 5 Sphaerulariidae Panagrolaimida +
Tripyla Bastian 1865 43 Tripylidae Tripylida +
Tripylella Brzeski & 1993 19 Tripylidae Tripylida +
Winiszewska-Slipinska
Tripylina Brzeski 1964 8 Trischitomatidae Tripyloidida + +
Tripylium Cobb 1920 2 Monhysteridae Monhysterida +
Tripyloides De-Man 1886 16 Tripyloididae Tripyloidida + +
Trischistoma Cobb 1913 23 Trischitomatidae Tripyloidida + +
Trissonchulus Cobb 1920 10 Ironidae Ironida +
Trithornus Sufyan 2017 1 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida + +
Triumphalisnema Kloss 1962 3 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Trochamus Boucher & De Bovee 1971 5 Chromadoridae Chromadorida +

Troglostrongylus Vevers 1923 4 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Trogolaimus Cobb 1920 5 Selachinematidae Selachinematida +
Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova 1974 2 Benthimermithidae Benthimermithida +
Trophomermis Johnson & Kleve 1993 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Trophotylenchulus Raski 1957 11 Tylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Trophurus Loof 1956 16 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Trualaimus Siddiqi 1993 4 Chambersiellidae Diplogasterida +
Truttaedacnitis Petter 1974 7 Cucullanidae Spirurida +
Truxonchus Siddiqi 1984 8 Anatonchidae Mononchida +
Trypanoxyuris Vevers 1923 22 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Tsuganema Jex, Schneider, Rose & 2005 1 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Cribb
Tsukubanema Ahmad & Araki 2002 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Tubixaba Monteiro & Lordello 1980 37 Aporcelaimidae Dorylaimida +
Tubolaimella Cobb in Cobb 1933 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Tubolaimoides Gerlach 1963 2 Tubolaimoididae Leptolaimida +
Tuerkiana Platonova 1970 1 Leptosomatidae Ironida +
Tumiota Siddiqi 1986 1 Sphaeronematidae Panagrolaimida +
Tunicamermis Couturier 1951 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Tupaiostrongylus Dunn 1963 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Turbatrix Peters 1927 1 Panagrolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Turgida Schulz 1927 2 Physalopteridae Spirurida +
Tutunema Hunt 1998 1 Hethidae Rhigonematida +
Tylaphelenchus Ruehm 1956 7 Tylaphelenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tylenchocriconema Raski & Siddiqi 1975 1 Paratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tylenchodoroides Gagarin 2001 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Tylenchodorus Siddiqi 1983 1 Qudsianematidae Dorylaimida +
Tylencholaimellus Cobb 1915 42 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Tylencholaimus De-Man 1876 58 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida + +
Tylenchorhynchus Cobb 1913 131 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Tylenchulus Cobb 1913 4 Tylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Tylenchus Bastian 1865 63 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida + + +
Tyleptus Thorne 1939 9 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Tylocephalus Crossman 1933 11 Plectidae Plectida + +
Tylodorus Meagher 1964 2 Tylodoridae Panagrolaimida +
Tylolaimophorus De-Man 1880 15 Diphtherophoridae Triplonchida +
Tylopharynx De-Man 1876 2 Tylopharyngidae Diplogasterida +
Typhlonema Kreis 1938 1 Cosmocercidae Spirurida +
Typhlophoros Linstow 1906 4 Ascarididae Spirurida + +
Typhlopsia Barus & Coy-Otero 1978 6 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Tziminema Giuris-Andrade, 2018 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Oceguera-Figueroa,
Osorio-Sarabia, Perez-
Escobar, Nieto-Lopez,
Rojas-Hernandez &
Garcia-Preito
Udonchus Cobb 1937 1 Rhabdolaimidae Ironida +

Uliginotylenchus Siddiqi 1971 8 Telotylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Ultratenella Siddiqi 1994 1 Ecphyadophoridae Panagrolaimida +
Umingmakstrongylus Hoberg, Polley, Gunn 1995 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
& Nishi
Uncinaria Froelich 1789 21 Ancylostomatidae Rhabditida + +
Undescribed Moravec & Barton 2018 15 Capillariidae Trichocephalida +
Capillariinae
Ungella Cobb 1928 9 Ungellidae Drilonematida +
Ungulilaimella Allgen 1958 1 Microlaimidae Desmodorida +
Ungulilaimus Allgen 1958 1 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Uniovaria Khera 1969 1 Mesorhabditidae Rhabditida +
Urbanonema Travassos & Kloss 1958 2 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Urodelema Baker 1981 3 Kathlaniidae Spirurida +
Urucuia Kloss 1961 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Usarpnema Timm 1978 1 Meyliidae Desmoscolecida +
Utahnema Thorne 1939 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Utriculimermis Kaiser & Deixelberger 2001 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Valvaelaimoides Gagarin 2017 4 Linhomoeidae Monhysterida +
Valvaelaimus Lorenzen 1977 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Vampyronema Hunt 1993 2 Acugutturidae Panagrolaimida +
Vanderlindia Heyns 1964 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Varestrongylus Bhalerao 1932 14 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Varotylus Siddiqi 1986 11 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Vasculonema Kreis 1928 2 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Vasorhabdochona Martin & Zam 1967 1 Rhabdochonidae Spirurida + +
Vasostoma Wieser 1954 3 Comesomatidae Monhysterida +
Vaucherus Durette-Desset 1980 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Veleshkinema Miraeiz, Heydari, 2015 1 Sphaerulariidae Panagrolaimida +
Alvarez-Ortega, Pedram
& Atighi
Ventelia Travassos & Kloss 1958 1 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Versternema Bain, Chabaud & 1992 1 Diplotriaenidae Spirurida +
Burger
Verutus Esser 1981 2 Rotylenchulidae Panagrolaimida +
Vetus Taylor 1935 12 Plectidae Plectida +
Veversia Thapar 1925 1 Pharyngodonidae Spirurida +
Vexillata Travassos 1937 11 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Viannaia Travassos 1914 17 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Viannella Travassos 1918 8 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Vigisospirura Petrow & Potekhina 1953 2 Spirocercidae Spirurida +
Viguerastrongylus Durette-Desset, Digiani 2017 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Kilani & Geffard-
Kuriyama
Viguiera Seruat 1913 8 Habronematidae Spirurida +
Viktorocara Guschanskaja 1950 9 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Virenodiplogaster Bajaj 2016 1 Diplogasteridae Diplogasterida +
Viscosia De-Man 1890 6 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida + +

Viverranisakis Soota & Chaturvedi 1971 11 Anisakidae Spirurida +
Viverrostrongylus Asakawa, Ohbayashi & 1986 1 Metastrongylidae Rhabditida +
Ow-Yang
Vogeloides Orlov, Davtian & 1933 3 Pneumospiruridae Spirurida +
Lubimov in Skryabin
Voguracuaria Wong & Anderson 1993 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Vulcanonema Travassos & Kloss 1958 2 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Wachekitylenchus Slobodianiuk 1986 4 Parasitylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Waerebekeia Adamson & Anderson 1985 2 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Wallabinema Beveridge 1983 7 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Wanaristrongylus Jones 1987 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Wasimellus Bloemers & Wanless 1996 1 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Websternema Vaucher & Durette- 1986 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Desset
Weisoncholaimus Inglis 1966 1 Oncholaimidae Oncholaimida +
Welchimermis Rubtsov 1978 1 Mermithidae Mermithida +
Wellcomia Sambon 1907 13 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Westindicus Thorne 1967 6 Actinolaimidae Dorylaimida +
Wetanema Dale 1967 2 Thelastomatidae Spirurida +
Wieseria Gerlach 1956 15 Oxystominidae Ironida +
Willinema Baqri & Jairajpuri 1967 9 Dorylaimidae Dorylaimida +
Willmottia Mawson 1982 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Wilsonema Cobb 1913 9 Plectidae Plectida + +
Woodwardostrongylus Wahid 1964 6 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Woolleya Mawson 1973 9 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Wuchereria Silva-Araujo 1877 5 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Wuia Kung 1959 1 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Xenella Cobb 1920 4 Xenellidae Trefusiida +
Xenocordon Mawson 1982 1 Acuariidae Spirurida +
Xenocriconemella De-Grisse & Loof 1965 2 Criconematidae Panagrolaimida +
Xenocyatholaimus Gerlach 1953 1 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Xenolaimus Cobb 1920 2 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Xenonema Cobb 1920 1 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Xericola Durette-Desset 1974 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Xeroxyuris Hugot 1995 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Xiphidorus Montiero 1976 9 Longidoridae Dorylaimida +
Xiphinema Cobb 1913 280 Xiphinematidae Dorylaimida +
Xiphinemella Loos 1950 15 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Xustrostoma Adamson & Van- 1984 2 Xustromatidae Rhigonematida +
Waerebeke
Xyala Cobb 1920 13 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Xylorhabditis Sudhaus 1976 2 Rhabditidae Rhabditida +
Xyo Cobb 1898 5 Hystrignathidae Spirurida +
Xystrognathus Hunt, Luc & Spiridonov 2002 2 Ichthyocephalidae Rhigonematida +
Xyzzors Inglis 1963 3 Cyatholaimidae Chromadorida +
Yagansiella Ivanova & Vaucher 2005 1 Ungellidae Drilonematida +

Yatesia Bain, Baker & Chabaud 1982 1 Onchocercidae Spirurida +
Yatinema Asakawa & Ohbayashi 1986 3 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Yeatesinia Holovachov & Bostrom 2014 1 Plectidae Plectida +
Yubeldus Khan, Azmi & Chawla 1979 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Yunqueus Thorne 1964 1 Mydonomidae Dorylaimida +
Zaglonema Durette-Desset & 1981 2 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida +
Beveridge
Zalonema Cobb 1920 5 Desmodoridae Desmodorida +
Zalophidera Siddiqi 1982 3 Tylencholaimidae Dorylaimida +
Zalophora Hunt 1994 5 Xustromatidae Rhigonematida +
Zanenchus Siddiqi 1979 7 Tylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Zealandodera Wouts 1973 1 Heteroderidae Panagrolaimida +
Zeatylenchus Zhao, Davies, 2013 1 Anguinidae Panagrolaimida +
Alexander & Riley
Zebrincola Ricci 1939 2 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Zeldia Thorne 1937 12 Cephalobidae Panagrolaimida +
Zenkoxyuris Quentin 1975 1 Oxyuridae Spirurida +
Zetalaimus Siddiqi 1983 3 Leptonchidae Dorylaimida +
Zoniolaimus Cobb 1898 54 Strongylidae Rhabditida +
Zonothrix Todd 1942 11 Pseudonymidae Spirurida +
Zygocaulus Hasegawa 2019 1 Trichostrongylidae Rhabditida + +
Zygonemella Cobb 1920 1 Xyalidae Monhysterida +
Zygotylenchus Siddiqi 1963 6 Pratylenchidae Panagrolaimida +
Zygradus Siddiqi 1991 2 Hoplolaimidae Panagrolaimida +
Zyxispinifer Hunt 2000 1 Carnoyidae Rhigonematida +
Total genera 8 5 2
1 3 0
0 9 6
9
Total species 9 8 1
8 1 9
5 3 5
5 7 0
9

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Zootaxa 5114 (1): 001–289 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)

Phylum Nematoda: a classification, catalogue and index of valid genera, with a

Key words: nematodes, systematics, taxonomy, biodiversity

Accepted by Z.-Q. Zhang: 24 Dec. 2021; published: 10 Mar. 2022 1

2 · Zootaxa 5114 (1) © 2022 Magnolia Press HODDA

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12 Fossil, cretaceous, Lebanon.

PHYLUM NEMATODA Zootaxa 5114 (1) © 2022 Magnolia Press · 7

16 Following Shimada & Kakui (2019).

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20 Fossil, devonian chert, Scotland.

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25 Genus dubium in Lorenzen (1994).

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30 Dubious placement according to Lorenzen (1994).

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36 Genus dubium according to Lorenzen (1994).

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43 Genus dubium incertae sedis (Chitwood 1960, Lorenzen 1994).

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74 Following Alvarez-Ortega & Pena-Santiago (2019).

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75 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri (1965a).

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Jairajpuri & Ahmad (1992).

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102 According to Ahmad et al. (2018).

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109 Created as a subfamily by Jairajpuri (1965b).

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111 Subfamily created by De Coninck (1965).

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113 Fossil, cretaceous amber Myanmar.