Topic 5: Natural Selection and Change OverTime 

Starter
Lesson
•
Structure:
Open-ended question
Term 2, Week 11, Day 2

• I do: Recall the previous knowledge and concepts.

•We do: Solve and discuss the AFL questions and
Core examples given.
Materials: PPT, Copy Book •You do: Work on differentiated core task and
plenary, asking teacher for help, if required.

Requirement: Handout + Mastery Connect + Google Plenary • Access MasteryConnect to answer questions.

Classroom

MS-LS4-4:   Construct an explanation based on evidence that

describes how genetic variations of traits in a population
increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and
Resources: Textbook, Youtube reproducing in a specific environment.

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General Instructions
Hello dear students, before we start, please follow the instructions
below:
1- Have your science copybook ready.

2- As usual, write down the date, title and lesson objective.

3 – All have to do your differentiated core task

4 – Don’t forget to finish the mastery connect quiz before the end of the
session.
5 – Your attendance is a must, even if you did your task, you have to
sign your attendance.
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The Structure of the Lesson
I Do

Introducing and sharing of objective – Recall the previous knowledge and concepts.

We Do

Solve and discuss the AFL questions and examples given

You Do: Solve the following assignments:

 Core Differentiated Activities – will be shared with you on Google Classroom

 Plenary ( taking a quiz using Mastery Connect)

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Lesson Objective(s)
• Revision of previous concepts and knowledge
about genetics and heredity.

Keywords
• Evolution
• Species

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 Starter activity

Which squirrel do you think is

better suited for environment,
the grey one or the white one?

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 Starter activity

Which squirrel do you think is

better suited for environment,
the grey one or the white one?

Gray
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 Curiosity about how life changes
•Scientists such as Charles Darwin were curious about
differences observed in natural population.

A variation is a difference between

individuals of the same species.
• Scientists
wondered how life started on earth.
• Some scientists wondered what Dinosaur were like and
why they disappeared.
• Darwin and other scientists worked to develop Theory of
Evolution – The process by which modern organisms
have descended from ancient organisms.

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 Assessment for Learning (AfL)

Define Evolution.

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 Assessment for Learning (AfL) –
Check your answer

The process by which

modern organisms have
descended from ancient
organisms.

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 Linnaeus’ System of Classification
• Linnaeus developed the first scientific system for
classifying and naming living things.
• Linnaeus collected samples of organisms from
around the world.
• When classifying organisms according to shared
characteristics, he observed that there were variation
of traits within a specie.
• He was able to describe the variation and diversity
of life but not explain what caused that variation and
diversity.

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 Lamarck’s Theory of Transformation
• Lamarck mistakenly believed that organisms
could change during their lifetime by selectively
using or not using various parts of their body.
•For example, Moles could develop long, strong
claws by digging through dirt.
• Lamarck hypothesized that of two adult moles
with long claws mated, their offspring would
inherit these claws.
• In the next generation, the moles who used their
claws would pass even longer claws on to their
offspring.
• In this way, the whole population of moles would
gradually grow bigger, stronger claws.

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 Charles Lyell’s Rocks
• Charles Lyell studied naturally formed layers of
rocks and fossils.

A fossil is a preserved remain or traces of an

organism that lived in the past.

• Lyell concluded that the features of the earth had

changed a great deal over time.
• He also stated that the processes that created land
features in the past were still active.
• Lyell estimated that the earth was more than 300
million years old.

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 Mary Anning’s Fossils
• Mary Anning came from a poor family that
made money by collecting fossils.
• Anning taught herself how to reconstruct the
bodies of fossilized animals.
• Many of these animals had never been seen
before.
• Because of Anning’s work, scientists realized
that some animals have lived in the past but
no longer existed.
• Her discoveries made a key contribution to
study of fossils and geology.
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 Connection to Real World

Would you expect to find older or newer fossils

in rock layers closer to the surface? Why?

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 Connection to Real World

Would you expect to find older or newer fossils

in rock layers closer to the surface? Why?

Newer fossils would be closer to the

surface.
The older fossils would have been
buried deeper over time.

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 Artificial Selection

• Darwin studied farm and pet animals produced by artificial

selection.
•In artificial selection, only individuals with a desired trait, such
as color, are bred by humans in the hope that the next generation
will inherit the desired trait.
•Darwin thought that a process similar to artificial selection might
happen in nature.
•But he wondered what natural process performed the selection.

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 Natural Selection
• Thomas Malthus explained in an essay how natural selection worked.
• He noted that both animals and humans can produce many offspring. If
all the offspring survived, the world would quickly become overpopulated.
• There would not be enough food for everyone, and part of the population
would starve.
• Darwin realized that some individuals have traits that help them to
survive and reproduce.
• If these traits are hereditary, they can be passed on to next generation.
• Gradually, over many generations, more and more individuals will have
the helpful traits.

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 Connection to Real World
Animal Husbandry
• Farmers often selectively breed farm
animals.
• When farmers breed and care for farm
animals with certain genetic traits that
humans desire, it is called animal
husbandry.

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 How Natural Selection Works
1. Overproduction:
Darwin knew that most species produce
more offspring than can possibly survive.
2. Variation:
Members of a population differ from one
another in many of their traits. Such
variations are hereditary.
3. Competition:
The struggle among living things to get the
necessary amount of food, water and
shelter, which are not enough for all of
them.
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 Critical Thinking Crit
i
thin cal
king

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 Critical Thinking - Answer Crit
i
thin cal
king

Color of feathers, length of tail, frilly feathers, size of chest

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 THANK YOU!

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