First Asia Institute of Technology and Humanities

FAITH Fidelis Senior High School

Inauguration of Artificial Intelligence for Disaster Erudition:

A Mobile Application for

Calamity Identification

and Findings

Rayne Lance Buendia

Joshua Dominic Fajardo

Lorenz Matira

Francine Tacla

Genaro Lucas Tampol

2022
 Introduction

Background of the Study

Calamities are occurring worldwide and have been demonstrating a number of

negative impacts on the world. It damages a huge number of properties and causes

many casualties. It creates a thin line between mother nature and its inhabitants, the

people, allowing them to experience how deadly nature is and the result of their

negligence. In terms of disaster, these occurred to either a natural hazard or

anthropogenic hazard. Additionally, the problems inflicted by these calamities are slowly

increasing, and their impact on the world is deteriorating – frequently resulting in huge

setbacks in the community and to humans. Thus, proper application of knowledge and

preparedness of the people is one of the effective methods to reduce the disruptive

damages brought by these calamities and this disaster mitigation will further save lives.

In the Philippines, as the country was being attributed near the equator forges it

to be one of the most disaster-prone areas in the world. Moreover, out of all the

countries worldwide, garnering 17th spot in the Global Climate Change Index 2021, the

Philippines was acknowledged as one of the affected countries due to persistent

weather events taking place (Congressional Policy and Budget Research Department,

2012). It accounts for more than one variety of disasters that slam the country every

year and will continue in the subsequent years. In addition, it is exposed to a huge

number of hazards and vulnerabilities given that this country is underdeveloped.

According to Asian Disaster Reduction Center (2018), the Philippines is hit by an

average of 20 typhoons, five of which are deadly. Because of its location in the Pacific
Ring of Fire, it allows the country to become prone to earthquakes and volcanic

eruptions. Its great susceptibility to tsunami, sea-level rise, storm surges, landslides,

floods, and drought is due to its physical properties and structural surroundings. Due to

this, the country is seeking a method that will provide aid in spreading factual

information with regards to the calamities occurring within the country to further reduce

the damage it brings to the country and its people. However, aside from the information

provided in the news, there is an innovation whereas an application may provide an

enormous amount of information that will aid the citizens. This can be an effective way

as citizens were betrothed in using smartphones and can be taken anywhere as this

gadget is light and was created for handy use.

Application is ingrained in society as the continued expansion of technology

transpires. With this in mind, the researchers proposed an application that can aid

people in identifying calamities and findings towards an individual’s current status. This

application will assist people in identifying risks and hazards within their premises and

locating available evacuation centers to stay amid the calamity.

In the end, this study is conducted to produce an artificial intelligence-powered

application that will aid people in identifying the hazards and risks surrounding them. It

can be expressed how significant this product is and how it will assist the community

and its people in reducing casualties, damage to properties, and proper execution of

mitigating disasters. Moreover, this study also aspires to inform and notify users

whenever sudden calamity occurs, for instance, volcanic eruption, earthquake, typhoon,

pandemic, etc. The researchers have the objective to understand in what ways this

application can reduce the burden of the people and how are people adapting to the
damages brought by the disasters. Furthermore, to assess the safe vicinity of the

people, the application aspires to provide effective preventive measures and effective

strategies to employ, which will aid the people in overcoming the calamity. In the end,

this study will assist the government in reminding its people and help them in identifying

the status of an individual in the time of calamity.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

The figure above indicates the conceptual framework of the application to be

developed and the flow of the process that the researchers want the said application to
have. It all starts with the users registering some necessary information like

demographic, personal, and contact information to the app. This is necessary for easier

identification and response in the event of a disaster and will be only used for that

purpose to avoid data privacy breaches. Users can also send signals to inform the app

of the disasters that will and are currently happening, along with official reports and data

from official calamity/disaster information agencies and institutions such as PAGASA,

Phivolcs, and others. These signals and data will then be relayed to the application and

then processed and analyzed by Artificial Intelligence integrated within the app and

relayed to the users to guide them to the best possible responses based on the

situation.

Theoretical Framework

The research study is inclined to the theory Artificial intelligence theory by IEEE

(2014), which includes the study of “neural-like elements and multidimensional

neural-like growing networks, temporary and long term memory, study of the functional

organization of the “brain” of the artificially intelligent systems, of the sensor system,

modulating system, motor system, conditioned and unconditioned reflexes, reflexes arc

(ring), motivation, purposeful behavior, of “thinking”, “consciousness”, “subconscious

and artificial personality developed as a result of training and education” which applies

to the application of that the researchers are trying to develop since the application

needs to have its consciousness on and alarm a person on what, when, and where a

certain disaster is happening/happened in a certain area. With the help of others

involving other functionalities such as its thinking and purposeful behavior, real-time
notifications, and some step by step on what to do when your area is being affected by

a certain disaster.

Statement of the Problem

This research aspires to create an application for calamity identification and

findings that is capable of identifying potential risks and hazards within the vicinity. The

specific objectives of this study are:

1. What are the prowess possessed by the application with regards to:

1.1 identifying risks and hazards in premises;

1.2 finding evacuation vacancies; and

1.3 automatic information processing

2. What capabilities does artificial intelligence for disaster erudition possess to

reduce the damage and casualties within the country?

3. What evaluations are possible in the application in terms of its:

3.1 design;

3.2 functionality; and

3.3 ease of navigating

Scope and Limitations

This research aims to produce an application powered by artificial intelligence to

determine calamity risks and hazards and the impact of this application in inflicting

knowledge to the students of First Asia Institute of Technology and Humanities.

 Through the use of a survey questionnaire in Google Forms, the data collection

will be conducted to randomly selected 100 students in the aforementioned school this

school year 2021-2022 which will further represent the overall population. Each

respondent will be given a survey questionnaire containing the same questions the

respondents will answer. In the end, the main source of data will be the survey

questionnaire, which is prepared by the researchers.

Definition of Terms

The given terminologies are commonly used in this research which are defined

according to its concept for the better understanding of the study.

Artificial Intelligence, according to Britannica, is commonly called AI and it is the

potential of a computer or a computer-controlled robot to accomplish tasks that would

normally be performed by intelligent beings. The phrase is widely used to refer to a

project aimed at creating systems with human-like cognitive abilities, such as the ability

to reason, discern meaning, generalize, and learn from past experiences.

Casualties, is any person who suffers a physical or psychological injury as a result of a

natural disaster is considered as casualty. Injury, on the other hand, is the intentional or

unintentional harm to the anatomical structures or physiological processes of the body

caused by acute exposure to an exchange of energy, or the lack of such essentials as

heat and oxygen (p.4, National Committee for Injury Prevention and Control, 1989;

Driscroll et al., 2004; Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, 2016).

Disasters are severe disturbances to a community’s functioning that surpass the

community’s ability to cope using its own resources. Natural, man-made, and technical
risks, as well as various elements that influence a community’s exposure and

vulnerability, can all contribute to disasters (International Federation of Red Cross and

Red Crescent Societies, n.d.).

Mobile Application, sometimes known as an app, is a software that runs on a mobile

device such as smartphones or a table computer. Mobile applications frequently provide

users with services that are similar to those available on PCs. Applications are small,

standalone software units with limited functionality.

Risks are typically related to a person’s failure to deal with a certain situation. It can be

characterized in terms of disaster management as the likelihood of harmful effects, or

projected losses, such as death, injury, property, and environmental damage, job loss,

and interruption of economic activity or social institutions. It has varying effects on the

community depending on their ability and resources to cope.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study will provide significance and relevance to the following

stakeholders:

Residents. as it will provide them information significant to survive calamities

and will provide help with regards to reducing probable casualties and damages.

Rescuers. as it will ease the execution of rescue operations as this application

will act as a tracker to each user.

 Developers. as this may serve as an inspiration to develop more applications

which will answer the growing problems in society. Hence, on other subjects of interest

aside from calamity and disasters.

Future Researchers. as this can be used as a reference to new studies and will

guide them in creating new research towards artificial intelligence powered applications

which will be more beneficial and reliable.

 Review of Related Literature

Damages Brought by Disaster Occurrence

A disaster is commonly defined as a serious disruption of the functioning of the

community or a society at any scale as a result of hazardous events interacting with the

conditions of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity, resulting in one or more of the ones

that follow which includes human, infrastructures, institutions, and ecologic losses and

impacts (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 2018; Chmutina & Meding,

2019). Additionally, as stated by the United States Geological Survey Coastal and

Marine Geology Program in Soil and Water Conservation Assistance (2017), a disaster

like hurricanes are responsible for two-thirds of all property losses nationwide, thus

mother nature, on the other hand, suffer severe losses due to this disaster occurrence.

Moreover, it disrupts bodies of water and mass including the living beings situated in

these places, which includes the coastal native shellfishes, fishes, insects, birds, and

other species. Therefore, it results in the defoliation of the ecosystem.

Furthermore, climate change and more extreme weather have all contributed to a

fivefold increase in the number of catastrophic events over the last 50 years. These

hazards were responsible for over 11,000 documented disasters worldwide, resulting in

slightly over two million casualties, and 3.64 trillion dollars of losses in the economy.

Moreso, weather, climate, and water hazards accounted for 50% of all disasters, 45% of

all the recorded deaths, and 74% of all reported economic losses starting from the year

1970 until the year 2019. In a published study conducted by the Bulletin of the American

Meteorological Society’s supplement in between the years 2015 and 2017, there are
documented incidents of around 62 out of 77 which had a significance on human

influence. Besides, in every research conducted in severe heat waves ever since 2015,

it has indicated anthropogenic climate change has greatly increased the likelihood of it.

(World Meteorological Organization’s Atlas of Morality and Economic Losses from

Weather, Climate, and Water Extremes, 2021).

Status of Disaster in Asia Pacific

According to the Asia-Pacific Disaster Report (2021), an analysis of hazards

which demonstrates the risks cascading on the total number of population and

infrastructure in the climate change scenarios. Natural disasters in Asia and Pacific

have killed a total of over 6.9 billion people in the last 50 years. More than 2 million

people, most of them were affected by water-related disasters including floods, drought

and other calamities with regards to water. Despite this, fewer people have died as the

average annual death toll has dropped significantly, to roughly 6,200 individuals in 2019

and 2020. This is an encouraging progress, as it demonstrates that the governments’

and communities’ are acquiring action with consideration to their commitment in

preserving human life. Despite this, the annual average number of citizens affected by

disasters has increased marginally, to around 122 million individuals. However, it is

clearly stated that the natural disasters are creating havoc on the economy of every

country (Alisjahbana, Zahedi, & Bonapace, 2021).

Nevertheless, as cities become increasingly densely populated, its increasing

rate of urbanization and population densities can create risks, particularly when

development is rapid, poorly managed and occurs in the context of widespread poverty.
In many cities, growing populations and economic activities are overlapping with areas

of high risk exposure. Because of this, one cause, according to the World Bank, is

increased risk exposure given the fact that half of the world’s population are currently

living in urbanized areas and are greater compared to the 30% city land in the year

1950. However, Baek (2009) in Butt, Nasu, and Nottage (2013) asserts that over the 20

years that people are living in a risk society, which he defines as a peculiarly modern

belief, this currently creates a new risks in the view of anticipating catastrophic events

and even increase the awareness of other risks. For instance, as risks are growing

globally, with the involvement of technologies either local and global reach with regards

to the rising interdependence among countries emerge in producing threats to political

gain. Aside from this, it appears that contemporary societies face novel and increased

risks, as well as a unique method of having comprehension of the world.

Disaster in the Philippines and its Management

The Philippines is situated inside the Pacific Ring of Fire, a

40-thousand-kilometer-long-horseshoe-shaped archipelago in the Pacific Ocean that is

prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Aside from earthquakes and volcanic

eruptions, the region is affected by flooding caused by high rainfall brought by the

southwest monsoon and a low-pressure area, causing damage to many livelihoods.

Moreso, this drought experienced in the Philippines or the so-called El Nino caused

roughly a total of 12.8 trillion Philippine pes3os in damages as a result of natural

catastrophes or events situated in the country, the Philippines (Statistica Research

Department, 2021).
 Moreover, according to a study done by Medel, Kousar, and Masood (2020),

entitled “A collaboration - resilience framework for disaster management supplies

network: a case study of the Philippines”, it implied and new understanding that

corporate sectors are participating in Disaster Management Operations through the

partnership with the government and other non-governmental organizations. Besides, it

was acquired that they are solely participating in short-term reaction and recovery

efforts within the country.

Status of Disaster Awareness in the Philippines

According to Fernando C., Solomo V., Lagman A. (2020) “The Philippines is

one of the most high-risk countries in the world for experiencing natural disasters.” That

being said, the Philippines is experiencing several natural disasters such as

earthquakes, mudslides, typhoons and volcanic eruptions which is being broadcasted

on television and radio stations for the awareness of people nationwide. With that in

mind, the researchers developed an application that will help disseminate information to

prepare and to help the citizens of Metro Manila when calamities strike. This application

notifies its user and it will pop up in the status bar whenever it is trying to send you

different information that the user might need to be aware of. Cross platform

compatibility across android and ios is what the researchers are aiming for after

furthermore research.

In a study conducted by Rogayan and Dollete (2020), entitled “Disaster

Awareness and Preparedness of Barrio Community in Zambales, Philippines: Creating

a Baseline for Curricular Integration and Extension Program”, it resulted that individuals
living in Zambales are very much aware of the typhoon, hence, moderately aware on

the thought towards other disasters including tsunami and storm surges. Therefore,

acquired from this study, the researchers obtained that crafting extension programs in

the community to disseminate information is necessary as the individuals lack

awareness of the causes and consequences of disasters.

On the other hand, in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines, it was

discovered that while data matches local conditions, community members lack a

comprehensive understanding and awareness of the risks, particularly those associated

with coastal flooding and other coastal hazards. Furthermore, as the recent calamity

occured, it was not properly preserved within the following present generations

(Valenzuela, Esteban, Takagi, & Motoharu, 2020) .

Efficacy of Mobile Application to Escalate Information

Throughout the last decade, mobile network coverage has grown dramatically,

with roughly 93 percent of the global population now served by a mobile broadband

network (International Telecommunication Union, 2020). Mobile phone ownership has

also skyrocketed, with global smartphone connections doubling in five years and South

Asia being a sixfold increase (GSMA, 2020). By the end of 2019, more than 3.7 billion

people had access to mobile internet. Because of increased mobile phone coverage,

ownership, and use, more people and vulnerable communities now have access to

communications than ever before. This type of access opens up new avenues for

disaster risk reduction (Budimiret al., 2021).

 Applications were developed to achieve a wide range of needs and to introduce a

new way of interacting and communicating. SMS alert systems are useful in certain

situations for delivering emergency notifications, GPS- related apps assist us in locating

ourselves and potential dangers, and other apps are designed as pre-disaster warning

devices (Souza & Kushchu, 2010; Shan, 2011).

On the other hand, in the Philippines, the Barangay Disaster Preparedness

Monitoring Web Application System, was employed, it is a web application system that

is used by the Philippines Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG). Like

our system it collects data on barangay disaster preparedness at the barangay level.

However, it concentrated on the reporting system for DILG Field Officers from cities and

municipalities, as well as the need for a monitoring tool and automatic data

consolidation at the national level (Garciaet al. 2016).

A study entitled “A mobile-based emergency reporting application for the

Philippines National Police Emergency hotline 911: a case for the development of i911”

was conducted. Like our system, it aims to reduce the time it takes for responders to

respond by shortening the data collection procedure used during an emergency call

(e.g. personal information). It was achieved by first registering the user before using the

mobile app. If the sender is asked for help, the user’s data is made available to the

sender. The application also makes use of cellphone geolocation capabilities, allowing

the source to track the caller’s location real time (Edillo et al., 2017).

According to Hayashi et.al (2019), the objectives of this research are the

following two points. Regarding the mobile application development contest,

contributing to the development of disaster prevention tools by organizing the current

state of contest cases at national and prefectural levels, encouraging dissemination to

the international community and considering the utility concerning its development”.

Since most people nowadays have smartphones and are knowledgeable enough to

utilize this type of technology, developing an application that is focused on disasters, to

prevent those who are vulnerable under different circumstances disasters and just like

this research.

According to Osaragi et.al (2017) they developed an application that is used to

gather information about a certain disaster. “We demonstrate that the system can

provide effective information in real time for reducing the damage of a disaster, by

performing a demonstration experiment and a simulation carried out by assuming a

devastating earthquake in a densely built-up wooden residential area in Tokyo”

meaning, they utilized the application as a data gathering tool and to analyze disasters.

As a result, they are able to alert or assume about a certain disaster on where and

when it is going to pop. for example an earthquake which is hard or impossible to

predict.

Mobile Application Powered by Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence has been infamous in different technology related

development as it has been used throughout a specific field and outside it. However, it

is well recognized that no universally agree definition exists for it (Kirsh, 1991; Allen,

1998; Hearst and Hirsh, 2000; Brachman, 2006; Nilsson, 2009; Bhatnagar et al., 2018;

Monett and Lewis, 2018; Wang, 2019).

 Moreover, to developers, artificial intelligence came from its probable

applications, hence the capability of it to solve problems was demonstrated by the

intelligence acquired by the system. To illustrate, according to Minsky (1985) in Wang

(2019), he stated that to simply put artificial intelligence, it definitely refers to a person’s

ability to solve issues. Besides, the researchers with regards to AI are attempting to

discover fundamental principles that may universally explain a relevant phenomenon,

thus, in this case, the concept stems from the use of artificial intelligence as a type of

rationality (Simon, 1957; Russell, 1997; Hutter, 2005; Wang, 2011; Wang 2019).

Therefore, as stated from the system’s experiences and history, the best probable

decisions in critical situations were created.

To put it up, artificial intelligence capabilities with regards to the aforementioned

studies are quite useful to provide assistance amidst the occurrence of phenomena

which includes rationality and proper decision making capabilities. These can be applied

in the production of mobile applications powered by AI to assist the user in providing

rationality and right decision making amidst the disaster they are into.

Information System in Disaster Response

Rafi et al. (2018) described Disaster Management as “information-intensive”,

thus making data and information gathering and sharing vital to improve the

effectiveness of disaster response for victims and responders alike. Utilizing advanced

technology such as automated information systems in the field of disaster management

will improve the response and data gathering activities necessary for disaster relief

operations. Due to this, researchers have noticed the importance and possible impact of
advanced automated technology in disaster response is being studied by many

researchers.

Disaster Management Information Systems (DMIS) are systems that incorporate

information networking, gathering, data analysis, and a communication system that are

all necessary for an effective response to disaster in one software in existing devices

such as computers and mobile phones. These systems apply to a variety of situations

such as post-earthquake response, pre-storm preparedness, man-made disasters, and

others (Rafi et al., 2018).

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a field that can also

contribute to disaster management. Several factors such as the accessibility of

information and communication devices such as mobile phones, access to the internet,

development of new generation communication technologies (3G, 4G, 5G), access to

the web and social-communication websites and software, and more have proven the

viability of utilizing ICT to improve disaster response in terms of information and data

gathering and sharing.

In fact, an application proposed to be developed that focuses on response to

occurring incidents and disaster in Metro Manila, APPlert, makes use of already existing

communication and information technology in mobile phones such as Global Positioning

System (GPS), internet connectivity, and social platform access in order to notify its

users of the disasters or incidents ahead and prompt immediate response actions.
Synthesis

The literature and related studies above were gathered by the researchers as

they provide a significant connection to the study. In addition, it aids the researchers in

having an in-depth understanding of the concepts following disasters and the

development of mobile applications powered by artificial intelligence. Besides, with the

literature and related studies, the researchers were able to discover the status and the

management of disasters settled not only in the Philippines but even in other countries.

With this, it provides further information towards the significance of developing an

application that furnishes disaster identification and findings.

Moreover, all are relevant to the study and each provides a vital role to test and

ensure the capability of the product to obtain its specification with regards to its

objectives. The implication of the past study will supply answers and conclusions which

can be applied to make the product neat and functional to its users.

Although there are varieties of applications and websites concerning disasters, it is

not enough to provide identification and findings for its users to obtain awareness and

apply necessary preparedness, which may reduce the damages brought by these

disasters. Thus, the literature and studies presented will support the study and will

ensure the susceptibility of all the unanswered questions which require answers.
 Methodology

Research Design

The researchers will use a quantitative-descriptive research design in performing

this research. According to Baker (2017), descriptive research aims to gather and

analyze necessary data to describe and identify the factors present within the scope of

the study without changing any variable. Descriptive research deals with certain

characteristics and/or problems within a specific group of variables including a

population, a place, an event, an organization, and the likes (Siedlecki, 2020).

The researchers specifically implemented this as it is applicable in the field of

disaster management in terms of identifying and analyzing existing environmental

factors and concluding possible outcomes that will help develop a disaster response

application. This type of approach is ideal for this specific research as it deals with

existing variables observed within the environment and the target users of the app to be

developed. It will also justify the overall effectiveness and viability of artificial intelligence

in disaster management and response.

Respondents of the Study

Along with gathering responses and data significant in the study, the proponents

sort-out a total of 100 students from First Asia Institute of Technology and Humanities in

Tanauan City, Batangas, in the academic year 2021-2022. Additionally, the researchers

utilize probability sampling, specifically simple random sampling, whereas the

researchers randomly select samples in the total population. Furthermore, Ghauri and
Gronhaug (2005) in Taherdoost (2020), defined simple random sampling as the fact that

every case in the population has an equal chance of being chosen and has the

probability to be included in the sample. It is an acceptable kind of sampling as the

study does not need any specifications for its respondents. Utilizing the sampling, the

researchers depend on the judgment provided by randomly picked participants of the

study. Simple random sampling is used as a method in getting a smaller portion of a

large population and can be used to generalize the responses of the whole population.

In the end, the respondents chosen will be the students from Grade 11 and 12 students

from FAITH Fidelis Senior High School.

Research Instrument

In this research, the researchers gather information to prove the effectiveness of

the study. The researchers will employ a survey questionnaire through the use of

technology and be conducted in online software that authorizes individuals to create

surveys and gather responses, the Google Form. The survey questionnaire will be

divided into two parts which are the demographic profile of the respondents and the

questions related to the topic of this research which consists of three categories. The

first part embodies the demographic profile of the respondents that contains the name

(optional), sex, and age, and for the sex, the researchers will employ male or female.

The second part of the form pertains to the development of the application.

Aforementioned, it will have three categories which are the designs, functionality, and

ease of navigating. Each category has its corresponding five sets of questions resulting

in 15 items in total and all will correspond to the topic of this research. Additionally,

survey questionnaires are a low-cost, rapid, and effective approach to collecting

significant amounts of data from a huge sample of people (McLeod, 2018). Aside from

this, the usage of surveys will provide flexibility to the researcher in order to answer a

wide variety of questions. With a closed-ended questionnaire, the responses will be

limited, and will be easier in assisting a huge number of responses.

Immediately after the questionnaire was validated, it will be given to the

researchers' desired respondents. Moreover, through a 4-point scale, the survey

questions can be answered. The researchers chose a 4-point scale to have a valid

interpretation of the responses provided by the respondents and to gather a precise

opinion from the participants. Thus, the questions can only be answered by Strongly

Agree, Agree, Disagree, and Strongly Disagree.

To be able to interpret the computed mean, the following mean ranges with their

corresponding interpretations will be used.

Scale Mean Ranges Interpretation

4 3.26 - 4.00 Strongly Agree

3 2.51 - 3.25 Agree

2 1.76 - 2.50 Disagree

1 1.00 - 1.75 Strongly Disagree

Table 1. 4-point Scale Mean Ranges and Interpretations

Furthermore, the survey questionnaire to be created by the researchers will be

thoroughly inspected and checked by the research and capstone teacher to assure the

authentication of the research questions.

Research Variables

Independent Variable. The independent variable in the study is the technological

advancement occurring worldwide.

Dependent Variable. The dependent variable used in the study will be the identification

and occurrence of disasters in the country.

Research Time Frame and Procedure

The researchers must adhere to the following research timeline.

Day 1 The researchers will prepare all the

validated instruments to be used in

gathering the responses of the

respondents.

Day 2 The researchers will pick 100 students to

participate in the study and will gather

their informed consent.

Day 3 The researchers will issue the participants

of the guidelines and instruction to

perform while answering the survey

questionnaire to be distributed.

Day 4 The researchers will escalate the Google

Form link and will conduct the survey to

 its respondents.

Day 5 The researchers will therefore gather all

the results and copies of data from the

respondents. Primitively, the data will be

tallied and arranged accordingly. In the

end, the data will be dissected and

interpreted by the researchers.

Table 2. Research 5-day Time Frame

The data gathering procedure beneath must be conformed by the researchers.

1. The researchers will first get the approval of the Principal to conduct the survey

as well as the validation and consent of the Research and Capstone teacher with

regards to the survey questions situated in the questionnaire as well as the

illustration of the application’s prototype.

2. The researchers will then gather and prepare all the materials needed in order to

conduct the survey.

3. Among the more than 600 students at First Asia Institute of Technology and

Humanities, through a random sampling, the researchers will pick a total of 200

students from both grade 11 and grade 12 to participate in the study.

 4. After acquiring the 200 participants, the researchers will provide a document the

participants must sign as their informed consent. Even so, the researchers will

still conduct a virtual consent to provide the instructions in answering the survey.

5. Succeeding the obtaining of consent from the respondents, the researchers will

provide the Google Form link early in the morning to provide the participants the

freedom to answer the questions within the day.

6. After ensuring that the respondents are done answering the survey

questionnaire, the researchers will now secure the data gathered through their

responses.

7. Then, the responses will be tallied, analyzed, and interpreted through the mean

ranges of the 4-point scale and provide the results and discussion of the findings

to further forge the summary, conclusions, and the recommendations of this

research study.

Statistical Treatment of Data

Through the use of survey-questionnaire in gathering the respondent’s answers,

the responses gathered from the respondents will be statistically analyzed by the

researchers of the study. Thus, the following statistical treatment will be employed with

regards to analyzing and interpreting gathered data from the survey-questionnaire:

Percentage and Frequency. With regards to describing the percentage of the

demographic profile of the respondents, the researchers will compute its total

percentage and frequency. According to Tabogoc (2013), it is usually used to calculate

the portion of the data on a profile which includes level, age, gender, and such.
 𝑓
Formula: % = 𝑁
× 100

Where: % = percent

f = frequency

N = number of cases

Weighted Mean. Referring to the scaling, the researchers will use weighted mean to

interpret the data obtained from the responses of the respondents. The weighted mean

or average is a type of average. Rather than each data point contributing equally to the

final mean, some data points are given greater weight (Andale, 2014; Delfin, 2018).

Σ[(𝑓)(𝑤)]
Formula: 𝑥= 𝑛

Where: 𝑥 = weighted mean

f = frequencies to the given

w = weights

n = total number of respondents

Referring to the interpretation of the Likert scale equipped by the researchers in

their data instrument, and the given weight in accordance with the 4-point scale are as

follows:
Scale Mean Ranges Verbal Interpretation

4 3.26 - 4.00 Strongly Agree

3 2.51 - 3.25 Agree

2 1.76 - 2.50 Disagree

1 1.00 - 1.75 Strongly Disagree

Table 3. 4-point Scale Mean Ranges and Interpretations

Inauguration of Artificial Intelligence for Disaster Erudition: A Mobile Application

for Calamity Identification and Findings

Name (Optional): ________________________ Age:________

Section: ________________________________ Sex:___ Female ___ Male

Direction: The following statements concern the evaluation of the application in terms of

different categories. Through scaling, put a (/) mark on the column that corresponds to

your answer. Below is the rating scale used in the statements:

4 - Strongly Agree 3 - Agree 2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Items 4 3 2 1

I. Design

The application has a menu and tabs making it easier to control

and operate.

The application is suitable for the purpose of the study.

The application improved my access to disaster information.

It allows me to use it effectively and efficiently, away from risks

to learn and reduce damages brought by disasters.

The user interface used in the application is pleasing to the eyes

of its users.

II. Functionality
 The application delivers every single information real-time.

I feel more alert with this application on my device.

I feel more prepared and knowledgeable with regards to

disasters ever since I installed the application.

The Artificial Intelligence for Disaster Erudition helps me in

identifying disasters.

I can use it as a primary application in finding and identifying

disasters.

III. Ease of Navigation

The navigation tab on the application is clearly visible.

The buttons are finger-friendly and easy to click.

I can fully utilize the application to my heart’s desire.

I can easily facilitate the application.

The application is easy to use.

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