Title of the Activity: BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES

Materials:
 10 Test Tubes  Gloves
 Test tube Rack  Denatured Water
 Iron Stand  Distilled Water
 Iron Clamp  Ice water plastic
 Iron Ring  String
 Beaker  Milk
 Dropper

Schematic Diagram of the Procedure:

Results:
A. Diffusion
Sample Added Reagent Time to Produce a Explanation
Uniform Color
Distilled Water 10% CuSO4 The copper II The copper II
sulfate produces a sulfate, which is sky
uniform color in just blue in color,
a few seconds (sky quickly fills the test
blue). tube to the top.
There are a few
tiny, isolated
copper II sulfate
crystals that form.
The particles of the
copper II sulfate
crystal will
randomly diffuse
upward and
produce ions, which
will turn the water
completely sky
blue.
Distilled Water 10% Methylene The methylene blue The larger and
Blue takes a minute to heavier molecules
produce a uniform caused the
color (blue). methylene blue to
migrate more
slowly.

B. Dialysis
Sample Added Reagent Observation Explanation
Dialysate 25% Trichloroacetic The color was Since no precipitate
Acid clear. or turbidity
appeared, proteins
are not present in
the dialysate.
Dialysate Benedict’s Reagent After heating in It reacted poorly
 boiling water bath, with Benedict’s
the color reagent because
maintained its blue there is no
color. presence of
reducing sugar.

C. Surface Tension
Sample Added Reagent Observation Explanation
Distilled Water Chloroform No change color Chloroform
dissolves easily
in water because it
is the
same with water
that is used
as a solvent.
Distilled Water Chloroform + Soap It is form of Because soap is an
bubbles. efficient
component in
lowering
surface tension,
adding it to
distilled water and
chloroform may
reduce the
surface tension.
Bile Solution Sulfur The sulfur powder Bile solution is
sinks at the bottom combined with
part of the bile sulfur powder
solution. because bile
solution decreases
surface tension.
Distilled Water Sulfur The sulfur powder Sulfur is
floats at the bottom hydrophobic in
part of the bile nature so the high
solution. surface tension of
water prevents the
small particles from
sinking.

D. Donnan’s Equilibrium
EXPERIMENT SAMPLE AND OBSERVATION EXPLANATION
SET- UP ADDED
REAGENT
GELATIN INSIDE Added with When the gelatin When enough
THE phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide
COLLOIDION BAG and phenolphthalein are has been added to
NaOH mixed, add 0.1 N the acetic acid to
NaOH drop by drop ensure that no
until produce a pink more acetic acid is
solution. left unreacted,
phenolphthalein will
begin to react with
NaOH. The
reaction between
sodium hydroxide
and
phenolphthalein
results in a pink
solution.
 WATER IN THE Added with The pink color The color begins to
BEAKER OUTSIDE phenolphthalein turned light pink. deteriorate after 30
THE and minutes when the
COLLOIDION BAG NaOH combination is put
in a beaker with
water.
GELATIN INSIDE Added with METHY It turned darker red The indicator is
THE RED indicator and color. methyl red. It turns
COLLOIDION BAG HCl red when treated
with an acidic
solution. Given that
gelatin is an acidic
food solution, the
addition of HCl
makes it turn a
darker red.
WATER IN THE Added with The color turned to Methyl red turns a
BEAKER OUTSIDE METHYL light pink. light pink when
THE RED indicator and combined with
COLLOIDION BAG HCl water. As HCl is
gradually added,
the color changes
to red.
Answers to Questions: