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    LAB #3 Trends in Group II

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    Amelia Llewellyn
    This lab report compares the reactions of calcium and magnesium metals with water and dilute hydrochloric acid. When calcium and magnesium were each added to dilute hydrochloric acid, they both reacted vigorously producing hydrogen gas. Calcium reacted more quickly than magnesium in water, producing hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide. The reactions of both metals were used to infer that they produce hydrogen gas when combined with acids or water.

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    LAB #3 Trends in Group II

    Uploaded by

    Amelia Llewellyn
    24 views3 pages
    This lab report compares the reactions of calcium and magnesium metals with water and dilute hydrochloric acid. When calcium and magnesium were each added to dilute hydrochloric acid, they both reacted vigorously producing hydrogen gas. Calcium reacted more quickly than magnesium in water, producing hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide. The reactions of both metals were used to infer that they produce hydrogen gas when combined with acids or water.

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    This lab report compares the reactions of calcium and magnesium metals with water and dilute hydrochloric acid. When calcium and magnesium were each added to dilute hydrochloric acid, they both reacted vigorously producing hydrogen gas. Calcium reacted more quickly than magnesium in water, producing hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide. The reactions of both metals were used to infer that they produce hydrogen gas when combined with acids or water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    24 views3 pages

    LAB #3 Trends in Group II

    Uploaded by

    Amelia Llewellyn
    This lab report compares the reactions of calcium and magnesium metals with water and dilute hydrochloric acid. When calcium and magnesium were each added to dilute hydrochloric acid, they both reacted vigorously producing hydrogen gas. Calcium reacted more quickly than magnesium in water, producing hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide. The reactions of both metals were used to infer that they produce hydrogen gas when combined with acids or water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Name: Amelia Llewellyn Date: 03/12/20

    Grade: 10/49 Lab #: 3

    Title: Trends

    Aim: To compare the reactions of calcium and magnesium metals with water and dilute acid.

    Apparatus and materials: test tubes, test tube rack, magnesium ribbon, calcium metal, Hydrochloric
    acid, distilled water, phenolphthalein indicator, splint, matches.

    Procedure:
    1. 2cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid was added into two test tubes.
    2. A piece of magnesium ribbon was added to one test tube and calcium to the other, the strength of the
    effervescence was observed in each.
    3 To trap the gas that is being evolved a thumb was used. This was tested with a lighted splint.
    4. All observations were recorded.
    5. The above steps using distilled water to replace the hydrochloric acid were repeated.
    6. To each test tube, two drops of phenolphthalein indicator was added and observed.

    Observation:

    TEST OBERVATION INFERNCE


    Magnesium + 2cm3 of dilute It reacts vigorously in the From the bubbles produced by
    hydrochloric acid. solution. The solution also the magnesium, hydrogen gas is
    seems to be fizzing (because of produced.
    all the tiny bubbles being
    created) and you can hear it. The
    test tube started to heat up. Over
    time the magnesium strip started
    to get smaller. The solution was
    clear in colour.
    Calcium + 2cm3 of dilute It reacts vigorously in the Hydrogen gas is produced from
    hydrochloric acid. solution. It also creates the bubbles created by the
    numerous tiny bubbles that calcium in the solution.
    together looks like foam.
    Gas appears to be coming from
    the solution. The solution is
    clear in colour.
    Calcium + water + It reacted quickly to the water The gas that was produced is
    phenolphthalein indicator and started to heat up the flask. hydrogen gas because of how it
    Foam like bubbles started to fill reacted to fire. The solution
    up the solution and it released formed calcium hydroxide and I
    gas. When the gas was placed know this because of the colour
    over fire it made a pop sound. change that happened after the
    When the phenolphthalein phenolphthalein indicator was
    indicator was added, the added.
    solution turned purple.
    Magnesium + water + It reacted slowly to the water. When the solution begin to
    phenolphthalein indicator When the solution was heated it change colour it indicates that
    began to react faster. The hydrogen hydroxide is created.
    bubbles that are seen when
    heated are from steam. Over
    time the solution became purple.
    When the phenolphthalein
    indicator was added the solution
    immediately became purple.

    Calculations:

     Reaction of Magnesium and 2cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid:


    Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) = MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

     Reaction of Calcium and 2cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid:


    Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl2(aq) + H2(g)

     Reaction of Calcium and water:


    Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) = Ca(OH)2(s) + H2(g)

     Reaction of Magnesium and water:


    Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) = Mg(OH)2(s) + H2(g)

    Discussion:
    The element Calcium is more reactive than the element Magnesium. This is because when placed in the
    water and the Hydrochloric acid it began to produce Calcium Hydroxide quicker than how fast the
    Magnesium Hydroxide was produced. If Beryllium and Barium were also used in the reactions, Beryllium
    would be the least reactive element compared to Magnesium and Calcium (because it is at the top of
    group II and as you move down groups the elements become more reactive) and Barium would be the
    most reactive compared to Magnesium and Calcium (because it is at the bottom of group II and as you
    move down groups the elements become more reactive).

    Conclusion:
    In conclusion, the metal calcium is more reactive compared to the metal magnesium when placed in water
    and the dilute acid hydrochloric acid.

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