The Problem Background of The Study

Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM
Background of the Study
Parent involvement in a child's early education is consistently found to be
positively associated with a child's academic performance (Hara & Burke, 1998; Hill &
Craft, 2003; Marcon, 1999; Stevenson & Baker, 1987). Specifically, children whose
parents are more involved in their education have higher levels of academic
performance than children whose parents are involved to a lesser degree. The influence
of parent involvement on academic success has not only been noted among
researchers, but also among policy makers who have integrated efforts aimed at
increasing parent involvement into broader educational policy initiatives. a child's
academic success has been found to be relatively stable after early elementary school
(Entwisle & Hayduk, 1988; Pedersen, Faucher, & Eaton, 1978).
Based on a research by Melissa T. Bartolome, Nordin Mamat and Abdul Halim
Masnan, the same issue was sighted in the Philippines. According to (Alampay, n.d.)
Filipino parents in general, subscribe to authoritarian attitude. The researcher revealed
in the study that foregoing cultural values of kapwa (helping others), hiya (shyness) and
utang na loob (paying back) are among the independent themes that pervades the
dynamics of Filipino parenting and parent-child relationship which are characterized by
respect for parental authority and obedience on the part of the children, family
cohesion and meeting familiar obligations. “Parenting in the Philippines shifts in years of
coming, the consequences of these beliefs and behaviors for Filipino families and
children’s development will need to be fully examined before coming out.” One of the
researchers quoted.
The same happenings has been observed in Andres Clemente Jr. National High
School where in parental involvement has become an issue to academic performance of
some students both with honors and none honors. It has been spotted on some
academic performance of students.
Statement of the Problem
This research aims to relate the parental involvement on learning and the
academic performance of Senior High School students of Andres Clemente Jr. National
High School for the first semester of the school year 2022-2023. This will try to answer
the following questions:
1. What is the level of the parent’s involvement in the learning of Senior High
School students?
2. What is the academic performance of students on each level of parental
involvement?
Scope and Delimitation
The researchers decided to conduct this study on the Municipality of San Fernando
more specifically on the school of ACJNHS. This research will survey the Parental
Involvement in Learning and Academic Performance of SHS students.
This study will only focus on the senior high school students (Both grade 11 and
12). This research will focus on STEM, ABM and 2 section from Gas ( both Grade 11 and
12). Due to the limitation of the study, this research will only take the 1st semester,
starting from August 29, 2022 and will end on December 07, 2022.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it indicate student’s achievements is directly correlated
to parental involvement. In turn, academic achievement may serve to parents and
families to continue supporting the students when they need it. Parents, students, and
educators can use this to develop programs and strategies to increase parental
involvement on academic performance of the students. This study will conduct the
benefit of the following:
STUDENTS. This may serve as a guide to students experiencing the same issue.
PARENTS. This can serve as an awareness to what students are experiencing.
TEACHERS. This research may aid some questions regarding a student’s academic
performance.
DEPED. This study can help them be aware of minor issues going inside the school.
FUTURE RESEARCHERS. This research may be a useful reference for the researchers
who would make a plan related to this study.
Notes
David R. Topor, Susan P. Keane, and Susan D. Calkins. Retrieved

from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020099/
Bartolome Melissa, Mamat Nordin, and Halim Masnan Abdul (2019) Retrieved
from: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1207994.pdf
The study of Datu and Episcope (2021), entitled “Involvement of Filipino Parents
in the Educational Processes under the New Normal”, determined the extent of the
parent's involvement in the educational processes of their children under the new
normal. Employing the mixed method of research, the descriptive-correlational design
was used. The results revealed that the parents are sometimes involved in their
children’s education and moderately competent in performing the different activities as
home-teachers in the new normal.
The past research is slightly related to the current study since the statement on
the study discusses the relation of parental involvement and education. Their analysis
served as a way to fulfill the gap in the current research and served as a foundation to
the present study.
The study of Topor, Keane, Shelton, and Calkins (2010), entitled “Parent
involvement and student academic performance: A multiple mediational analysis”,
results indicated a statistically significant association between parent involvement and a
child's academic performance, over and above the impact of the child's intelligence. A
multiple mediation model indicated that the child's perception of cognitive competence
fully mediated the relation between parent involvement and the child's performance on
a standardized achievement test.
The past research is slightly related to the current study since it tackles the
significant relation of parent involvement and student academic performance. The
findings of the study were used in the present research in knowing the relation between
parental involvement on learning and academic performance of Senior High School

students.
The study of Hanif and Khan Alwi (2019), entitled “Impact of Parental Involvement
on Academic Performance of Students”, concluded that two factors of parental
involvement i.e. Moral and financial do affect academic performance of students of
higher secondary classes.
The past research is directly related to the current study since it states the possible
effect in the relationship of parental involvement and academic performance. The past
study were applicable to the present study because it tackles a significant information
about the relationship of parental involvement and students’ academic performance.
The study of Alfonso, Díaz, Woitschach, Álvarez, and Cuesta (2017), entitled
“Parental involvement and academic performance: Less control and more
communication”, resulted that students whose parents exhibited a more distal or
indirect profile of family involvement tended to demonstrate better results than those
from homes with a more controlling style. Parental involvement styles have an effect on
achievement at an individual and school level, even after accounting for the effect of
context or background variables.
The past research is slightly related to the current study since the findings shows
the results of the relation of parental involvement and the effect in academic
performance. It filled a research gap with their findings, which also served as the basis
for the current study.
The study of Cook (2021), entitled “Parental Involvement and Its Impact on
Student Academic Achievement”, indicated that parental involvement does not

significantly affect student status as GT (gifted and talented) or non-GT. The results of
the study further indicated there is a significant difference between the academic
achievement of non-GT students and the academic achievement of GT students, with GT
students having a higher achievement level.
The past research is slightly related to the current study since it tackles that
parental involvement does not really affect the student academic achievement. The
findings of the past research can help in the current study of the researchers in the
relation of parental involvement and academic performance.

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Chapter 1

Background of the Study

Parent involvement in a child's early education is consistently found to be

increasing parent involvement into broader educational policy initiatives. a child's

(Entwisle & Hayduk, 1988; Pedersen, Faucher, & Eaton, 1978).

Based on a research by Melissa T. Bartolome, Nordin Mamat and Abdul Halim

Filipino parents in general, subscribe to authoritarian attitude. The researcher revealed

dynamics of Filipino parenting and parent-child relationship which are characterized by

School where in parental involvement has become an issue to academic performance of

academic performance of students.

Statement of the Problem

the following questions:

2. What is the academic performance of students on each level of parental

Scope and Delimitation

Involvement in Learning and Academic Performance of SHS students.

This study is significant as it indicate student’s achievements is directly correlated

to parental involvement. In turn, academic achievement may serve to parents and

benefit of the following:

PARENTS. This can serve as an awareness to what students are experiencing.

who would make a plan related to this study.

David R. Topor, Susan P. Keane, and Susan D. Calkins. Retrieved

normal. Employing the mixed method of research, the descriptive-correlational design

children’s education and moderately competent in performing the different activities as

home-teachers in the new normal.

the present study.

involvement and student academic performance: A multiple mediational analysis”,

results indicated a statistically significant association between parent involvement and a

a standardized achievement test.

significant relation of parent involvement and student academic performance. The

parental involvement on learning and academic performance of Senior High School

on Academic Performance of Students”, concluded that two factors of parental

involvement i.e. Moral and financial do affect academic performance of students of

higher secondary classes.

about the relationship of parental involvement and students’ academic performance.

“Parental involvement and academic performance: Less control and more

communication”, resulted that students whose parents exhibited a more distal or

context or background variables.

for the current study.

Student Academic Achievement”, indicated that parental involvement does not

achievement of non-GT students and the academic achievement of GT students, with GT

students having a higher achievement level.

relation of parental involvement and academic performance.

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