Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument

Keithley Instruments
28775 Aurora Road Specifications
Cleveland, Ohio 44139
1-800-833-9200
tek.com/keithley

SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS
This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Model 2450 SourceMeter®
SMU instrument. Specifications are the standards against which the 2450 is tested. Upon leaving the
factory, the 2450 meets these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at
23 °C, and are provided solely as useful information.
Source and measurement accuracies are specified at the 2450 terminals with A/D autozero enabled.
Calibration period: One year.

DC POWER SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Current
Maximum output 20 W maximum 20 W maximum
power and source
▪ ± 21 V (≤ 1 A range) ▪ ± 1.05 A (≤ 20 V range)
limits
▪ ± 210 V (≤ 100 mA range) ▪ ± 105 mA (≤ 200 V range)
▪ Four-quadrant source or sink operation ▪ Four-quadrant source or sink operation

Specifications are subject to change without notice

SPEC-2450 Rev. C August 2020 1 of 7
Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

VOLTAGE SPECIFICATIONS1,2

Source Measure3
Range Resolution Accuracy Noise Resolution Input Accuracy
23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year (RMS) resistance 23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year
± (% setting + volts) <10Hz ± (% reading + volts)

20.00000 mV 500 nV 0.100% + 200 µV 1 µV 10 nV > 10 GΩ 0.100% + 150 µV

200.0000 mV 5 µV 0.015% + 200 µV 1 µV 100 nV > 10 GΩ 0.012% + 200 µV
2.000000 V 50 µV 0.020% + 300 µV 10 µV 1 µV > 10 GΩ 0.012% + 300 µV
20.00000 V 500 µV 0.015% + 2.4 mV 100 µV 10 µV > 10 GΩ 0.015% + 1 mV
200.0000 V 5 mV 0.015% + 24 mV 1 mV 100 µV > 10 GΩ 0.015% + 10 mV
Temperature coefficient: ± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C, 0 °C to 18 °C and 28 °C to 50 °C

CURRENT SPECIFICATIONS1,2

Source Measure3
Range Resolution Accuracy4 Noise Resolution Voltage Accuracy
23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year (RMS) burden 23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year
± (% setting + amps) <10Hz ± (% reading + amps)

10.00000 nA5 500 fA 0.100% + 100 pA 500 fA 10 fA < 100 µV 0.10% + 50 pA

100.0000 nA5 5 pA 0.060% + 150 pA 500 fA 100 fA < 100 µV 0.060% + 100 pA
1.000000 μA 50 pA 0.025% + 400 pA 5 pA 1 pA < 100 µV 0.025% + 300 pA
10.00000 μA 500 pA 0.025% + 1.5 nA 40 pA 10 pA < 100 µV 0.025% + 700 pA
100.0000 μA 5 nA 0.020% + 15 nA 400 pA 100 pA < 100 µV 0.02% + 6 nA
1.000000 mA 50 nA 0.020% + 150 nA 5 nA 1 nA < 100 µV 0.02% + 60 nA
10.00000 mA 500 nA 0.020% + 1.5 μA 40 nA 10 nA < 100 µV 0.02% + 600 nA
100.0000 mA 5 μA 0.025% + 15 μA 100 nA 100 nA < 100 µV 0.025% + 6 μA
1.000000 A 50 μA 0.067% + 900 μA 3 μA 1 μA < 100 µV 0.03% + 500 μA

Temperature coefficient: ± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C, 0 °C to 18 °C and 28 °C to 50 °C

1
Speed = 1 PLC.
2
All specifications are guaranteed with output ON.
3
Accuracies apply to 2-wire and 4-wire modes when properly zeroed.
4
For sink mode, 1 µA to 100 mA range accuracy is: ± (0.15% + offset × 4). For 1 A range, accuracy is: ± (1.5% + offset × 8).
5
Rear-panel triaxial connections only.

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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 Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY (LOCAL OR REMOTE SENSE)6,7,8

Range Default Default test current Normal accuracy Enhanced accuracy10

resolution9 23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year 23 °C ± 5 °C 1 year
± (% reading + ohms) ± (% reading + ohms)
< 2.000000 Ω11 1 µΩ User-defined Source IACC + Meas VACC Meas IACC + Meas VACC

20.00000 Ω 10 µΩ 100 mA 0.098% + 0.003 Ω 0.073% + 0.001 Ω

200.0000 Ω 100 µΩ 10 mA 0.077% + 0.03 Ω 0.053% + 0.01 Ω

2.000000 kΩ 1 mΩ 1 mA 0.066% + 0.3 Ω 0.045% + 0.1 Ω

20.00000 kΩ 10 mΩ 100 µA 0.063% + 3 Ω 0.043% + 1 Ω

200.0000 kΩ 100 mΩ 10 µA 0.065% + 30 Ω 0.046% + 10 Ω

2.000000 MΩ 1Ω 1 µA 0.11% + 300 Ω 0.049% + 100 Ω

20.00000 MΩ 10 Ω 1 µA 0.11% + 1 kΩ 0.052% + 500 Ω

200.0000 MΩ 100 Ω 100 nA 0.655% + 10 kΩ 0.349% + 5 kΩ

> 200.0000 MΩ11 — User-defined Source IACC + Meas VACC Meas IACC + Meas VACC

Temperature coefficient: ± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C

0 °C to 18 °C and 28 °C to 50 °C
Source current, measure Total uncertainty = I source accuracy + V measure accuracy (4-wire remote sense)
resistance mode
Source voltage, measure Total uncertainty = V source accuracy + I measure accuracy (4-wire remote sense)
resistance mode
Guard output impedance 0.5 Ω (DC) in ohms mode

SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

Overrange 105% of range, source, and measure

Regulation Voltage
▪ Line: 0.01% of range
▪ Load: 0.01% of range + 100 µV
Current
▪ Line: 0.01% of range
▪ Load: 0.01% of range + 100 pA

6
Speed = 1 PLC.
7
All specifications are guaranteed with output ON.
8
Accuracies apply to 2-wire and 4-wire modes when properly zeroed.
9
Measure resolution 6.5 digits.
10
Source readback enabled; offset compensation on.
11
Source current, measure resistance or source voltage, measure resistance only.

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

Source limits Voltage source current limit:

▪ Bipolar current limit set with a single value
▪ Minimum value is 10% of range
Current source voltage limit:
▪ Bipolar voltage limit set with a single value
▪ Minimum value is 10% of range
V-limit/I-limit accuracy Add 0.3% of range and ±0.02% of reading to base specification

Overshoot Voltage source:

▪ < 0.1% typical
▪ Step size = Full scale, resistive load, 20 V range, 10 mA I-limit
Current source:
▪ < 0.1% typical
▪ Step size = 1 mA, RLoad = 10 kΩ, 20 V range
Range change overshoot Overshoot into a fully resistive 100 kΩ load, 10 Hz to 20 MHz bandwidth, adjacent
ranges: 250 mV typical
Output settling time Time required to reach within 0.1% of final value after command is processed and
output slew:
20 V range, 100 mA I-limit: < 200 µs typical
Maximum slew rate 0.2 V per µs, 200 V range, 100 mA limit into a 20 KΩ load (typical)
Overvoltage protection User-selectable values, 5% tolerance; factory default = none
Voltage source noise 10 Hz to 1 MHz (RMS): 2 mV typical into a resistive load
Common mode voltage 250 V DC
Common mode isolation > 1 GΩ, < 1000 pF
Noise rejection (typical) NPLC NMRR CMRR
0.01 — 60 dB
0.1 — 60 dB
1 60 dB 100 dB*
* Except lowest two current ranges ~90 dB

Load impedance Normal mode High-capacitance mode

▪ 20 nF typical ▪ Stable into 50 µF typical
▪ High-capacitance mode valid for ≥
100 µA ranges, ≥ 200 mV ranges
Maximum voltage drop between 5V
force and sense terminals
Maximum sense lead resistance 1 MΩ for rated accuracy
Sense input impedance > 10 GΩ
Guard offset voltage < 300 µV typical

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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 Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

SYSTEM MEASUREMENT SPEEDS12

Reading rates (readings per second) typical for 60 Hz (50 Hz), script (TSP) programmed
NPLC Trigger Measure Measure Measure Measure Source Source Source Source
origin to to GPIB to USB to LAN measure measure measure measure
memory sweep to sweep to sweep to sweep to
memory GPIB USB LAN
0.01 Internal 3130 2830 2825 2790 1710 1620 1630 1620
(2800) (2570) (2600) (2530) (1620) (1540) (1540) (1540)
0.01 External 2170 2150 2170 2160 1670 1580 1590 1580
(2050) (2030) (2040) (1990) (1590) (1500) (1510) (1510)
0.10 Internal 540 530 530 530 470 460 470 470
(460) (450) (450) (450) (410) (400) (400) (400)
0.10 External 500 490 500 500 470 460 460 460
(430) (420) (430) (420) (400) (390) (400) (400)
1.00 Internal 59 58 59 59 58 58 58 58
(49) (49) (49) (49) (48) (48) (48) (48)
1.00 External 58 57 58 58 57 57 57 57
(48) (48) (48) (48) (48) (48) (48) (48)

Reading rates (readings per second) typical for 60 Hz (50 Hz), SCPI programmed13
NPLC Trigger Measure Measure Measure Measure Source Source Source Source
origin to to GPIB to USB to LAN measure measure measure measure
memory sweep to sweep to sweep to sweep to
memory GPIB USB LAN
0.01 Internal 3130 3060 3000 3010 1710 1610 1440 1690
(2800) (2760) (2790) (2710) (1630) (1600) (1380) (1590)
0.01 External 2350 2320 2340 2320 1680 1560 1410 1660
(2200) (2170) (2190) (2130) (1590) (1570) (1360) (1560)
0.10 Internal 540 540 540 540 470 470 450 470
(460) (450) (460) (450) (410) (410) (390) (410)
0.10 External 510 510 510 510 470 470 450 470
(440) (430) (440) (430) (400) (400) (390) (400)
1.00 Internal 59 59 59 59 58 58 57 58
(49) (49) (49) (49) (48) (48) (48) (48)
1.00 External 58 58 58 58 58 58 57 58
(49) (49) (49) (49) (48) (48) (47) (48)

12
Reading rates applicable for voltage or current measurements, autozero off, autorange off, filter off, binary reading format, and source
readback off.
13
SCPI programming mode. Speeds do not apply to SCPI 2400 mode.

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Default mode unless specified)

Factory default standard SCPI mode
power-up setting
Source output modes ▪ Fixed DC level
▪ Memory/configuration list (mixed function)
▪ Stair (linear and logarithmic)
Source memory list 100 points maximum (SCPI 2400 command set only)
Memory buffer > 250,000 readings with selected measured values and timestamp
Real-time clock Lithium battery backup (more than 3 years of battery life)
Remote interfaces GPIB: IEEE Std 488.1 compliant; supports IEEE Std 488.2 common commands and
status model topology
USB device (rear panel, type B): 2.0 full-speed USBTMC
USB host (front panel, type A): USB 2.0, support for flash drives, FAT32
Ethernet: RJ-45 connector, 10/100 BT
IP configuration Static or DHCP
Expansion interface The TSP-Link® expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and
communicate with each other
LXI compliance 1.5 LXI Device Specification 2016
TSP mode Embedded Test Script Processor (TSP) accessible from any host interface
Display Five-inch capacitive touch, color TFT WVGA (800 × 480) with LED backlight
Input signal connections Front: Banana
Rear: Triaxial (3-lug)
Programmability SCPI or TSP command sets
Interlock Active high-input
Digital I/O Lines Six input/output, user-defined, for digital I/O or triggering
Connector 9-pin female D
Input signal levels 0.7 V (maximum logic low), 3.7 V (minimum logic high)
Input voltage limits −0.25 V (absolute minimum),
+5.25 V (absolute maximum)
Maximum source current +2.0 mA at > 2.7 V (per pin)
Maximum sink current −50 mA at 0.7 V (per pin, solid-state fuse protected)
5 V power supply pin Limited to 500 mA at > 4 V (solid-state fuse protected)
Handler User-definable start of test, end of test, four
category bits

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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 Model 2450 SourceMeter SMU Instrument Specifications

Cooling Forced air, variable speed

Overtemperature protection Internally sensed temperature overload puts instrument in standby mode
Power supply 100 V to 240 VRMS, 50 Hz to 60 Hz (automatically detected at power up)
VA rating 190 VA maximum
Altitude Maximum 6562 feet (2000 meters) above sea level
EMC Conforms to European Union EMC Directive
Safety NRTL listed to UL61010-1 and UL61010-2-30
Conforms with European Union Low Voltage Directive
Vibration MIL-PRF-28800F Class 3 Random
Warm up One hour to rated accuracies
Dimensions With handle and bumpers: 106 mm × 255 mm × 425 mm
(4.18 in. high × 10.05 in. wide × 16.75 in. deep)
Without handle and bumpers: 88 mm × 213 mm × 403 mm (3.46
in. high × 8.39 in. wide × 15.87 in. deep)
Weight With handle and bumpers: 4.04 kg (8.9 lb)
Without handle and bumpers: 3.58 kg (7.9 lb)
Environment Operating: 0 °C to 50 °C, 70% relative humidity up to 35 °C; derate 3% relative
humidity/°C, 35 °C to 50 °C
Storage: −25 °C to 65 °C

SourceMeter® is a registered trademark of Keithley Instruments LLC. All other trademarks are the property
of their respective owners.

Specifications are subject to change without notice

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