Meaning and Relevance of History

RPH (Reading in the Philippine History)
 Meaning and Relevance of History

What is history?
It is a continues process and written in a chronological order of events and it is important to our society. It’s from the
Greek word “HISTORIA” which means to search or look into. As the time past by there are some changes into its
meaning. History is a brief summary or result based on a factual research and it also deals with the sequence of
important events. It deals with science that describe and examine past event in the specific group of people.
Significance of History
Studying history is really important especially in the Philippine setting. These are the reasons why we need to study:
1. We could determine and understand the contribution of our ancestor in the foundation of our humanity, origin, and
inherent culture. History gives picture to our humanity and to our society.
2. We could understand the task in the present and future if we study the history. The events in the past has relation
to our present and future. It gives meaning in different things and events in our society.
3. History can be used to examine and forecast the things in the environment and society. We’ve learned to
appreciate culture, love, and respect other people in the world.
4. History can give us deeper understanding of different problems and offer solutions in our present and future. In the
study of the past events, we discover new ways in studying in solving problems in the present and future.
5. History is an eye opener to understand our culture, language and society. History may arouse patriotic,
humanitarian nature in people.
6. History develops our knowledge about different race of people, culture, place, and time.
7. The stories of past about people and things in the world we live provide valuable lessons to us.
8. In studying history we’ve learned different ways of studying and researching in the social sciences. It helps us to
learn different ways of discovering new knowledge.
Studying History
Once upon a time, the history of a society or group of people is rooted from their myth, epic, folklore, and rituals. It has
been transferred from generation to generation. Over hundred years ago, study of history is based from different data’s
like documents, coins, seal, picture, and sculptures and carved statue.
In early times, recording history is important to the rulers of government to justify their works. During that time the
laws and agreement became an important basis.
Lately, the basis of data’s is not only through written documents but also the things that has to do with the lives of
people. Some of these things are their materials, corpse, settlement, plants, picture, computer text files and
environment.
Because of numerous resources of data’s, it is a difficult task for the historian to scrutinized and properly choose which
of these are valid. This is the reason why they need to clarify properly.
In studying history we need to document, examine the framework properly, it should consider the relation of
documents and events due to multifaceted past events. The important data’s should be connected and understandable to
become more relevant and realistic from its interpretation.
The study of history as discipline or science has its advancement during 1900. During those years, scientists forced to
separate the good data’s from the documents from its interpretation.
Today, Scientist believes that it is impossible to do because the description of the past events used by the historian
comes from his/her own understanding and imagination that is scrutinized and connected to the different data’s
collected.
The experts who studied the different branches of social sciences greatly helps to prove that the data’s are genuine. It
enlightens and guides us to examine, give meaning and interpretation from the collected data’s.
Here are the branches of social sciences that could help studying history.
1. Sociology - the science of society, social institutions, and social relationships; the systematic study of the
development, structure, interaction, and collective behavior of organized groups of human beings.
2. Social Science - (economics or political science) deals with with the institutions and functioning of human society
and with the interpersonal relationships of individuals as members of society.
3. Archaeology - scientific study of material remains (tools, jewelry, pottery, and stone walls) of past human lives
and activities.
4. Cartography - science of making maps
5. Anthropology - the study of human race, its culture and society , and its physical developments.
6. Psychology - the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity of an
individuals.
7. Economics - a social science concerned with description and analysis of the production, distribution, and
consumption of goods and services.
8. Geography - studies the features and systems of the earth’s surface including continents mountains, seas, weather,
and pant life, of the way people organize life within the place.
9. Linguistics - the study of human speed: including the units, nature, structure, and modification of language.
10. Chemistry and Biology - Carbon Dating is a process where the age of one thing is proven is important in history.
 Distinction of Primary and Secondary Sources

Primary and Secondary sources assist researchers through their literature study. To use sources efficiently and in the
correct manner, one must identify the nature of each source and the reason for using it. This will help researchers
distinguish and understands between their contribution and the argument expressed by the sources used.
What Is a Primary Source?

A primary source is a first-hand record of an event. These are the events or evidence that were first described without
any interpretation or commentary. This source gives researchers direct access to the subject of research and displays
original thinking, reports on discoveries, or shares new information.
Examples of Primary Sources:
Theses, dissertations, scholarly journal articles (research-based), government reports, symposia and conference
proceedings, original artwork, poems, photographs, speeches, letters, memos, personal narratives, diaries, interviews,
autobiographies, and correspondence.
What Is a Secondary Source?

A secondary source offers an analysis or restatement of a primary source. These provide second-hand information and
commentary from based on the original sources.
Examples of Secondary Sources:
Textbooks, edited works, books, and articles that interpret or review research works, histories, biographies, literary
criticism, and interpretation, reviews of law and legislation, political analyses, and commentaries.
Secondary Sources Citation
These citation styles enable writers to correctly cite information obtained from various sources.
1. MLA (Modern Language Association) Style - the citations consist of two parts: a brief in-text citation in the body
of the essay and a detailed list of the “Works Cited” at the end of the work.
2. APA (American Psychology Association) Style - referencing style is an author-date style.
3. CMOS (Chicago Manual of Style) - provides guidelines for two styles of citation: author-date and notes and
bibliography.
 External and Internal Criticism


 Repositories and Kind of Primary Sources

 l

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RPH (Reading in the Philippine History)

 Meaning and Relevance of History

 Distinction of Primary and Secondary Sources

What Is a Primary Source?

What Is a Secondary Source?

 External and Internal Criticism

 Repositories and Kind of Primary Sources

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