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    Acid Sulfuric

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    Sulfuric acid is a commodity chemical that is widely used in industry. Its largest use is in producing phosphate fertilizers, where it reacts with phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid. It is also used extensively in steel production for processes like pickling. Additionally, sulfuric acid is used to produce other chemicals like aluminum sulfate, which has applications in water treatment and paper making. It has a variety of other industrial uses as well, such as producing caprolactam for nylon and acting as a catalyst in petroleum refining.

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    Acid Sulfuric

    Uploaded by

    Vvvv Vo
    12 views2 pages
    Sulfuric acid is a commodity chemical that is widely used in industry. Its largest use is in producing phosphate fertilizers, where it reacts with phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid. It is also used extensively in steel production for processes like pickling. Additionally, sulfuric acid is used to produce other chemicals like aluminum sulfate, which has applications in water treatment and paper making. It has a variety of other industrial uses as well, such as producing caprolactam for nylon and acting as a catalyst in petroleum refining.

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    Acid sulfuric

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    Sulfuric acid is a commodity chemical that is widely used in industry. Its largest use is in producing phosphate fertilizers, where it reacts with phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid. It is also used extensively in steel production for processes like pickling. Additionally, sulfuric acid is used to produce other chemicals like aluminum sulfate, which has applications in water treatment and paper making. It has a variety of other industrial uses as well, such as producing caprolactam for nylon and acting as a catalyst in petroleum refining.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views2 pages

    Acid Sulfuric

    Uploaded by

    Vvvv Vo
    Sulfuric acid is a commodity chemical that is widely used in industry. Its largest use is in producing phosphate fertilizers, where it reacts with phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid. It is also used extensively in steel production for processes like pickling. Additionally, sulfuric acid is used to produce other chemicals like aluminum sulfate, which has applications in water treatment and paper making. It has a variety of other industrial uses as well, such as producing caprolactam for nylon and acting as a catalyst in petroleum refining.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Sulfuric acid

    Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical, and indeed a nation's sulfuric
    acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. The major use (60% of
    total worldwide) for sulfuric acid is in the "wet method" for the production
    of phosphoric acid, used for manufacture of phosphate fertilizers as well
    as trisodium phosphate for detergents. In this method phosphate rock is used, and
    more than 100 million tonnes is processed annually. This raw material is shown
    below as fluorapatite, though the exact composition may vary. This is treated with
    93% sulfuric acid to produce calcium sulfate, hydrogen fluoride (HF)
    and phosphoric acid. The HF is removed as hydrofluoric acid. The overall process
    can be represented as:

    Ca5F(PO4)3 + 5 H2SO4 + 10 H2O → 5 CaSO4·2 H2O + HF + 3 H3PO4

    Sulfuric acid is used in large quantities in iron and steel making principally as
    pickling-acid used to remove oxidation, rust and scale from rolled sheet and billets
    prior to sale into the automobile and white-goods business. The used acid is often
    re-cycled using a Spent Acid Regeneration (SAR) plant. These plants combust the
    spent acid with natural gas, refinery gas, fuel oil or other suitable fuel source. This
    combustion process produces gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3)
    which are then used to manufacture "new" sulfuric acid. These types of plants are
    common additions to metal smelting plants, oil refineries, and other places where
    sulfuric acid is consumed on a large scale, as operating a SAR plant is much cheaper
    than purchasing the commodity on the open market.

    Ammonium sulfate, an important nitrogen fertilizer is most commonly produced as


    a by-product from coking plants supplying the iron and steel making plants, Reacting
    the ammonia produced in the thermal decomposition of coal with waste sulfuric acid
    allows the ammonia to be crystalised out as a salt (often brown because of iron
    contamination) and sold into the agro-chemicals industry.

    Another important use for sulfuric acid is for the manufacture of aluminium sulfate,
    also known as papermaker's alum. This can react with small amounts of soap
    on paper pulp fibres to give gelatinous aluminium carboxylates, which help to
    coagulate the pulp fibres into a hard paper surface. It is also used for
    making aluminium hydroxide, which is used at water treatment plants to filter out
    impurities, as well as to improve the taste of the water. Aluminium sulfate is made
    by reacting bauxite with sulfuric acid:

    Al2O3 + 3 H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2O

    Sulfuric acid is used for a variety of other purposes in the chemical industry. For
    example, it is the usual acid catalyst for the conversion of cyclohexanoneoxime
    to caprolactam, used for making nylon. It is used for making hydrochloric
    acid from salt via the Mannheim process. Much H2SO4 is used
    in petroleum refining, for example as a catalyst for the reaction of isobutane
    with isobutylene to give isooctane, a compound that raises the octane rating
    of gasoline (petrol). Sulfuric acid is also important in the manufacture of dyestuffs.

    A mixture of sulfuric acid and water is sometimes used as the electrolyte in various
    types of lead-acid battery where it undergoes a reversible reaction
    where lead and lead dioxide are converted to lead(II) sulfate. Sulfuric acid is also
    the principal ingredient in some drain cleaners, used to clear blockages consisting of
    paper, rags, and other materials not easily dissolved by caustic solutions.

    Sulfuric acid is also used as a general dehydrating agent in its concentrated for
    dehydrating agent in its concentrated form.

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