ENGINEER’S STAMP: CONTRACTOR’S STAMP:

00 Issued for Tender Documents December 2022

REV DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED DATE

SALINE WATER CONVERSION CORPORATION

KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Projects Engineering Department

SWCC WATER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

CONSTRUCTION WORKS

LOCATION: TITLE:

YANBU SPECIFICATION S02

FIELD INSTRUMENTATION

SCALE: DOCUMENT No.: REV:

Q C 1 0 - H - 1 2 2 00

SUBCONTRACTOR: Page 1 of 23
 SWCC WATER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Specification S02
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Field Instrumentation
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LIST OF CONTENTS

1 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................. 5

2 STANDARDS ................................................................................................................... 5

3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.................................................................................... 5

3.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 5

3.2 Product Water Quality....................................................................................................... 6

3.3 Process Data .................................................................................................................... 6

4 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 6

4.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 6

4.2 Instrument Measuring Units .............................................................................................. 7

4.3 Accuracy Requirements .................................................................................................... 7

4.4 Power Supply ................................................................................................................... 8

4.5 Signals ............................................................................................................................. 9

4.6 Process Connection ......................................................................................................... 9

4.7 Installation ...................................................................................................................... 10

4.8 Hazardous Locations ...................................................................................................... 10

4.9 Instrument Identification.................................................................................................. 10

5 INSTRUMENTATION ..................................................................................................... 10

5.1 Flow Measurement ......................................................................................................... 11

5.2 Pressure Measurement .................................................................................................. 12

5.3 Measurement of Temperature ........................................................................................ 14

5.4 Level Measurement ........................................................................................................ 15

5.5 Vibration Measurement................................................................................................... 17

5.6 Water Quality Measurement ........................................................................................... 18

5.7 Leak Detection Instruments ............................................................................................ 21

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5.8 Auxiliary Plant Instruments ............................................................................................. 21

6 WORKSHOP TESTING AND CALIBRATION ................................................................. 21

7 DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS .................................................................................... 22

7.1 Design and Construction documents .............................................................................. 22

7.2 Vendor Documentation ................................................................................................... 22

7.3 Packing and Shipment .................................................................................................... 23

7.4 As-Built Documentation .................................................................................................. 23

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ABBREVIATIONS

A/C Air Condition

AC Alternating Current

DC Direct Current

DPDT Double Pole Double Throw

FSD Full Scale Deflection

IP International Protection class acc. to IEC 60529

NPT National Pipe Thread

UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply

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1 SCOPE

The scope of this specification is to ensure a consistent approach in the selection,

design, manufacturing and factory testing, as well as for preparation and supply of
documentation for field instruments and auxiliary plant instruments, to be used for
stations of the SWCC Water Transmission System.

2 STANDARDS

The instrumentation must be designed, manufactured and installed according to the

relevant codes, standards, rules and regulations as listed in the specification S01
“Design and Construction of I&C System” in the latest valid edition.

The particular codes and standards to be followed are given in the respective chapter of
this specification.

SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization as far as applicable for

equipment direct purchased in the KSA (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)

HCISS Security and Safety Directives (High Commission for Industrial

Security and Safety)

MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

WHO World Health Organization

As far as authority permits require additional codes and standards, respectively impose
additional requirements, these codes, standards and requirements are also part of the
contract.

3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

3.1 General

The instrumentation equipment shall be designed and constructed for continuous

operation under the climatic and environmental conditions as described in the General
Specification G02” Description of Project and Works” and in the specification S01
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‘’Design and Construction of I&C Systems”. All equipment and material must be designed
and selected accordingly.

3.2 Product Water Quality

The product water quality data are defined in General Specification G02 ”Description of
Project and Works”.

3.3 Process Data

All specific process related data at the location of installation (pressure rating, etc.) are
defined in the Process & Instrumentation Diagrams.

4 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General
The following basic requirements must be observed:

- Selection of instrumentation shall consider high long term stability/accuracy under

the prevailing environmental conditions, high reliability, low power requirements
and low maintenance
- All instruments shall be of high standard industrial type

- All instruments shall be solidly built using well proven high quality components of
the latest up-to-date technology
- All parts of the instruments in contact with the product water shall be fully
compatible with those and shall not deteriorate under operational environment.
- Particular attention shall be paid to the ease of access to all instruments. The
instruments shall be suitable for mounting in visible positions with easy access for
adjustments.
- Measuring errors and response time shall be as low as possible
- For connection of the process values to the control system electronic type
instrumentation with incorporated local digital displays shall be used. Primary
instrumentation shall be transmitters having rough and reliable measuring cells with
microprocessor-based electronics protected in a tight housing. Transmitters of the
SMART type shall be used. Where instruments are located in inaccessible
locations, remote indicators shall be provided.
- All instruments shall have terminal stripes (no flying leads for external termination)
- Field instrumentation protection class shall be acc. to IEC 60529. Field
instrumentation shall be weather proof and rated at least to IP 65 as a minimum.
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For special installations e.g. in shafts, sensors shall be certified to IP 68 and

transmitters certified to IP 67 for remote installation version (except defined
different at instrument level). Field instrumentation shall be manufactured,
assembled and tested in the factory in conformity with certified international quality
assurance and quality control standards (ISO).

- The selection of instruments with reference to the operating range, shall be

comparable to the process requirements. If a model with operating range close to
process requirement is available, other models with wider range shall not be
selected and (forcefully) calibrated to achieve the allowed accuracy requirement.

4.2 Instrument Measuring Units

In general, the metric system (SI-system) shall be used for all purposes.

The following measuring units shall be used for calculations as well as for indication of
instrument scales, controllers and read out units:

- Temperature °C (degrees centigrade)

- Temperature Difference K
- Static pressure bar g (gauge pressure)
- Absolute pressure bar a (pressure, including atmospheric
pressure)
- Differential pressure bar, mbar
- Level m, mm
- Flow m³/hr, l/sec
- Velocity m/s
- Vibration mm/s, mm
- ph-Value -

- Conductivity µS/cm
- Residual chlorine mg/l
- Chlorine dioxide mg/l

4.3 Accuracy Requirements

The instruments shall guarantee the accuracy values specified in this section. Accuracy
shall be expressed in percent of adjusted span as far as not specified in percent of the
measured value.

The given %-values represent the whole instrument loop including power supply units up
to the output signal to the control system.
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Unit of Accuracy
Instrument description
Measure span measured value

Transmitter (transmitter and converter)

- pressure bar ± 0.25 %

- diff. pressure bar ± 0.25 %

- flow for main process m³/hr ± 0.25 %1

- flow for utility m³/hr ± 1.00 %

- temperature °C ± 0.50 %

- level m (mm) ± 1.00 %

Switch 2

- pressure bar ± 1.00 %

- diff. pressure bar ± 1.00 %

- level m (mm) ± 1.00 %

- others - ±1.00 %

Direct Type Indicator

- pressure bar class 1.0

- diff. pressure bar class 1.0

- temperature °C class 1.0

- level m (mm) class 1.0

- others class 1.0

4.4 Power Supply

Power supply of the entire instrumentation equipment shall be from the control system to
avoid three wire instruments as much as possible. The 24 V DC shall be generated from
the 230 V AC UPS.

Inputs shall be 4-20 mA powered. For instruments, which cannot be loop powered, 230 V
AC shall be provided from the station UPS. In this case, the 4-20 mA signals shall be
galvanic isolated. For separate power supplies the 4-20 mA signals have to be galvanic
isolated as well.


1
billing or leak detection may require a better accuracy
2
2% hysteresis for all switches
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Contact rating for all switches and contacts shall be high quality snap acting hermitically
sealed DPDT switch with gold plated contacts rated for 5 amps at 230V AC or 1 amp at
30 V DC.

4.5 Signals

Instruments shall be 24 V DC loop powered with 4 - 20 mA signal connectivity output

signals of SMART type transmitters. Two types of communication shall be offered, one
with standard 4 - 20mA analogue signal and the other with Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
type digital communication (HART protocol), which can be either superimposed to the
analogue signal or used for digital field architectures without interrupting the 4 - 20 mA
signal, potential separated without reference to ground.

Signal repeater and power units shall be inserted in the measurement loop as per
requirement.

Measurement signals from the elements to the transmitters and power units at a different
signal level then 4 - 20 mA shall be minimized and used only for

- Temperature measurement (sensors),

- Vibration monitoring.
- Flow measurement (sensors).
In any case, the signal input/output to/from control equipment shall be provided with 4 –
20mA.

Output signals to/from control equipment shall be provided for burden resistance
preferable of 0 to 750 Ohm.

Digital transmitters and actuators for remote control shall be SMART type and associated
protocol shall be used as well.

4.6 Process Connection

In general, stainless steel materials shall be used for all parts of the instruments exposed
to the product water.

Process connections shall depend on the instrument and location, either metric or NPT
threaded taps or ANSI flanges shall be used, suitable for the required pressure class. For
details reference is made to the instrument data sheets and hook-up drawings.

Electric cable connections shall be provided with suitable sized metal cable glands. The
entries for the cables shall be ISO 1.5xM20.
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4.7 Installation

For details and requirements for installation see specification S03 "Installation and Start-
Up of Field Instrumentation".

4.8 Hazardous Locations

For all instruments installed in hazardous locations (e. g. at diesel storage tanks) the
respective explosion protection requirements must be fulfilled. Preferably equipment with
the intrinsically safety class (EExi) with safety barriers or other approved electronic safety
circuit separators shall be installed in the instrumentation room cabinets/panels.

4.9 Instrument Identification

All instruments and associated equipment shall be provided with identification labels
containing the TAG No. of the instrument.

Each instrument shall be provided with a permanently attached stainless steel TAG,
stamped with the following data:

- TAG number
- Manufacturer’s name, model number, serial number, month and year manufactured
- Meter size, flange class and total weight (only flow meters)
- Internal diameter
- Maximum and minimum storage temperature
- Body design code and material, flange design and material code

- Maximum operating pressure and temperature range

- Maximum and minimum actual (at flowing conditions) volumetric flow rate per hour
(only Flow meters)
- Direction of positive or forward flow (only flow meters)
- Ingress Protection rating “IP Class”

5 INSTRUMENTATION

For all instruments and indicators necessary for the control and supervisory equipment in
general the metric SI-system shall be used for scales. For local indication all transmitters
shall be equipped with digital display. The configuration of all transmitters (including
vibration and WQM) shall be done via HART protocol, version 6 or newer.
HART tools for configuration and analyses shall be provided as part of the delivery.
All transmitter shall be connecting to and integrated in an Assets Management System.
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5.1 Flow Measurement

5.1.1 Flow Meters for Main Product Water System

The use of electromagnetic flow meters (bi-directional) shall be used. Another measuring
method may be proposed, if it is deemed to be more suitable for the application and
nearest to the given specific requirements.

The flow sensor shall be manufactured from AISI 304 stainless steel metering tube with a
non-conductive hard rubber liner to withstand process temperature up to 80° C. The liner
shall be abrasive resistant and approved by an international recognized authority.

There shall be 2 nos. of measuring electrodes with built-in reference electrode and empty
pipe detection electrode as a standard. The reference electrode shall ensure potential
equalization between the sensor and the fluid and proper grounding of the installation.
Electrode material shall be SS 316L or Hastelloy.

The end connection of the flow tube shall be flanged to suit piping Specification M08
“Piping Materials for Stations”, Earthing rings shall be provided at both ends.

The flow sensor shall be provided with robust powder coated die cast aluminium or steel
housing, certified to IP 68 within shafts and transmitter for remote installation shall be at
least certified to IP 66.

Electromagnetic flow meters shall work with pulsed DC field excitation with automatic
zero point correction.

The flow meters for the pipeline shall be also used for internal billing purpose between
desalination plant, pipelines and receiving stations. The flow meters shall be custody
transfer approved. The flow meters shall further be used for line balance measurement
between the various stations of the pipeline system to allow leak detection.

The accuracy to be guaranteed with the flow meter units shall be better than +/-0.25% of
the measured flow. This value shall include all error limits of the complete flow
measurement system including sensor and signal converter.

The following standards, rules and regulations, all in the latest valid edition, must be
observed specifically:

- OIML R49 (applicable for custody transfer meters)

- EN 61000-6
- EN61326-1
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5.1.2 Flow Meters for Utility System

Flow meters for utility and auxiliary systems shall be selected as per the specific system
requirements. Preferably only the electromagnetic type shall be used. Earthing rings
shall be provided at both ends.

The required accuracy shall be better than or at least equal to ± 1.0 % of the measured
value.

5.1.3 Flow Switches

Flow switches shall be of paddle or vane type with high quality snap acting hermitically
sealed DPDT switch with gold plated contacts rated for 5 amps at 230V AC or 1 amp at
30 V DC.

Housing shall be dust and weather tight protection IP 65 and materials of wetted parts
shall be of high corrosion resistant stainless steel.

Alternative type of flow switches may be proposed if the same is well proven in similar
application elsewhere and shall be subject to approval.

5.2 Pressure Measurement

5.2.1 General

All gauges shall be full safety pattern fitted with shatterproof safety glass and blow out
protection. Gauges exposed to vibration or process pulsations shall by glycerine filled
and shall be fitted with pulsation dampers to the same material as the element.

All parts of the instruments which are in contact with the product water shall be selected
as per the process water quality requirements, at least stainless steel materials shall be
used.

Process connection shall be 1/2'' NPT (M).

Operational safety requirements in accordance to EN 837-1 shall be fulfilled.

5.2.2 Pressure Gauge

Bourdon type pressure gauges filled with fluid shall be used.

Nominal size: 160 mm for product water system

100 mm for utility and auxiliary systems

The case material including blow-out plate shall be stainless steel. A full blow-out device
shall be fitted to the back of the pressure gauge case.
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The range shall be as per process requirements. While selecting the maximum range it
shall be ensured that the normal operating pressure is at approximately 60% of the
range.

The case shall be with protection class IP65 as a minimum, IP 67 for installation within
shafts.

Accuracy of the gauge shall be better than ±1% of FSD.

5.2.3 Pressure Switch

Pressure sensing element may be of Bourdon tube, spiral, helical, bellows or diaphragm
type, depending upon the application requirements and shall be of diaphragm type (seal
with capillary, with process connection 1½’’ flanged RF, AISI 316 SS) for all main and
booster pumps. The pressure sensing element shall be always of AISI 316 SS.

Pressure switches shall withstand the maximum pressure of the system to which it is
connected. In addition, over range protection (at least 1.3 times the maximum scale
reading) shall be included for all instruments.

Pressure switches shall generally be used for ON-OFF applications with an adjustable
set-point and a differential gap with a reference or calibrated scale. The switch type shall
be snap action DPDT, rated for 5 amps at 230V AC or 1 amp at 30V DC, hermetically
sealed with gold plated contacts. Degree of protection shall be IP 65 as a minimum.

5.2.4 Pressure Transmitter

Transmitters, with well proven pressure measuring elements of the latest up-to-date
technology shall be used only. The type of transmitters shall be digital type SMART
series transmitters with HART protocol and built-in temperature and static pressure
compensation.

2-wire-DC transmission with no need of a separate field power supply shall be used.

High over range protection and easy access for zero and span adjustment is required.

The instrument body and all parts being in contact with the product water must be of
corrosion resistant material, high quality stainless steel shall be used for the body and
the process connection part.

Required accuracy: ± 0.25 % of span including effects of hysteresis, repeatability and

linearity.

Transmitter not installed in shafts shall have protection class IP 65 as a minimum,

transmitter installed in shafts IP 67.
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5.2.5 Differential Pressure Gauge and Transmitter

Manometers and transmitters for differential pressure shall be in principle in conformity

with the requirements of item 5.2.1, 5.2.2 and 5.2.4.

5.3 Measurement of Temperature

5.3.1 Temperature Indicator

Dial or tube thermometers with quick response time shall be used for local indication.

Depending on application and location, either directly mounted thermometers or capillary

type thermometers shall be used. In general, suitable thermowells shall be provided.

5.3.2 Temperature Elements/Transmitter

Temperature elements for remote indication shall be of high repeatable and stable
resistance type sensors with quick response time, preferably Pt 100 elements (3-wire
system) and head mounted transmitters.

For direct measurements without transmitters (e.g. monitoring of rotating machinery)

duplex configuration of Pt 100 element via 4-wire system shall be used.

Degree of protection shall be IP65 as a minimum. For transmitters installed inside shafts
the degree of protection shall be at least IP67.

With the exception of special application inside machines or equipment, the temperature
elements shall be generally installed in suitable thermowells, alternative type of sensor
allowing easy maintenance is highly recommended.

Thermowells and temperature element tubes shall be generally made of stainless steel.
Suitable thermal paste shall be filled into the thermowells before insertion of the
temperature element.

5.3.3 Thermowells

Thermowells shall normally be purchased as part of complete assemblies together with

thermal element/housing or temperature indicator. All wells shall have the insertion
length stamped in a location visible after installation.

Process service thermowells shall be of a flanged tapered design machined from single
piece solid bar stock.

Thermowell process connection shall normally be DN40/1½” flanged for piping and
vessels. Thermowells shall have a ½” NPT female thread for connection to the
measuring element.

Thermowells in non-process low pressure service may be 1” NPT.

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The well and flange material shall be 316 stainless steel unless the application requires a
higher specification material.

Thermowell length is based on vessel or pipe size. For line size less than 4 “, the line
shall be swaged up to 4” for installing the thermowell.

Thermowell “U” Dimensions:

PIPE SIZE (DN/ INCHES) U LENGTH (mm)

100 /4 200

150 /6 250

200 /8 250

250 /10 250

300 /12 350

350 /14 350

400 /16 350

450 /18 350

500 /20 350

600 /24 350

700 /28 500

750 /30 500

800 /32 and bigger pipe 500

PROCESS U LENGTH (mm)

Column and Vessels as required

Storage tanks 500

5.4 Level Measurement

5.4.1 Level Transmitter

For water storage tanks radar or differential pressure type level transmitters installed at
the tank top shall be used. Connection nozzles shall be provided by the tank
manufacturer.
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For vertical surge vessels differential pressure diaphragm type delta cell transmitters
shall be used (for technical features see section 5.2.4). If process condition allow, dry
legs shall be preferred to wet legs. The transmitter shall be installed at the surge vessel
bottom (water side) and at the surge vessel top (pressurized air). The surge vessel level
shall be calculated under consideration of both pressure measurements. Connection
nozzles shall be provided by the surge vessel manufacturer. Flushing rings shall be
provided.

For horizontal surge vessels guided radar or differential pressure type level transmitters
shall be used. Connection nozzles shall be provided by the surge vessel manufacturer.
Level transmitters for auxiliary systems and utility storage devices shall be selected as
per the application and equipment requirement.

5.4.2 Level Gauge

Local level gauges for the surge vessels shall be of direct reading magnetic type where a
permanent magnet mounted in a float drives a series of flaps. A small permanent magnet
shall be attached to each flap to ensure that the flaps remain in a given position even
when severe vibration occurs. The float shall be concentric magnetic design with
unsupported sections to provide a strong and uniform magnetic field. The external
mounted float guiding tube / chamber shall be of 304 SS and the float shall be AISI 316
SS. The housing of the flaps shall be dust and watertight. A graduated scale made of
stainless steel with 1 cm division shall be fixed adjacent to the float guiding
tube/chamber.

Only one (1) level gauge shall preferably be used on a vessel. If, however, two (2) or
more level gauges are required, they shall be installed in such a way that the visible
(measurement) lengths overlap by at least 100 mm.

All level gauges shall be supplied with 2’’ flanged process connections acc. to
Specification M08 “Piping Materials for Stations”. Vent and drain valves shall be
provided, connections shall be 1/2’’ NPT (F), higher ratings shall be flanged.

Local level gauges for tanks/reservoirs shall be of direct reading hydrostatic type filled
with fluid. Nominal size shall be 160 mm, for water towers ≥ 250 mm. The case material
including blow-out plate shall be stainless steel. A full blow-out device shall be fitted to
the back of the pressure gauge case. The case shall be with protection class IP65 as a
minimum. Accuracy of the gauge shall be better than ±1% of FSD.

Level measurement for utility and auxiliary systems shall be selected as per the specific
equipment requirements.
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5.4.3 Level Switch

For water storage tanks and surge vessels external cage float type level switches shall
be used. The level switch for surge vessels shall be displacer type (mechanical). Other
types of level switches water storage tanks or surge vessels shall be subject of approval.

For all other tanks and vessels, depending on location, electronic level switches (such as
vibration type) shall be used.

Other types of level switches, e.g. for flood detection in shafts, shall be subject of
approval.

All parts of the level switches, coming in contact with process water, shall be of high
corrosion resistant material.

The monitoring electronic unit shall be provided as close as possible to the sensing
element or incorporated.

External level switches shall be connected as described for external displacer level
instruments or by means of pipes, connections provided above and below the
elevation(s), where switch action is required.

Internal level switches shall be installed at the side of vessels, at the elevation where
switch action is required or on top of vessels. Connections for internal level switches
shall be flanged, the size depends on the instrument dimensions.

A cage shall be provided in the vessel, if this is not already an integral part of the
instrument. The size of this cage shall allow free float-travel.

5.5 Vibration Measurement

Vibration transducer shall be selected based on the recommendation of the equipment

vendor. The transducer selected shall be reliable, accurate and well proven in similar
applications elsewhere.

A compatible vibration monitor to match the transducer selected shall be included along
with the interconnecting cable between the sensor and the monitoring unit.

The monitoring unit shall be provided with its own power supply unit and relay contact
outputs for alarm and trip.

Special shielded cables shall be provided for connections between vibration sensors and
converters/amplifiers. This applies especially for all product water pumps.

Signal converters shall be installed in the instrument/control cabinets. Signal converters

which correspond to proximitors shall be installed in junction boxes next to the pump.
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The cable length from the transducer to the proximitors shall be kept as minimal as
possible.

5.6 Water Quality Measurement

Quality control equipment includes all instrumentation which is required for the
continuous measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the process liquid
according to flow scheme of the entire system.

The quality measurement shall consist out of two different cabinets. The wet cabinet shall
contain the sampling system, the dry cabinet shall contain the analyser. These separate
cabinets may be combined in a single two compartment (dry, wet) cabinet, if the
compartments provide sufficient space.

The determination of the “Langelier Index” shall be observed.

Wet cabinet

In addition of the electrode holders (flow through chambers) for all required
instruments the wet part of the cubicle must be equipped with suitable (i.e. flow
through chambers) sample outlet for immersion of precision electrodes needed for on-
site calibration of all instruments.

Further on, each quality measurement requires a sample water pump arrangement,
suitable to operate under the various process pressure conditions. Sample pumps
installed inside the cabinet shall have protection class IP 55 or better.

A flow switch is to be provided for detection and maintaining if sample water flow rate
drops below the required flow rate of electrodes.

As a general rule only electrodes needing a minimum flow rate shall be used. The
quality measurements shall be arranged, to minimize the water demand, in sequential
order.

In order to avoid the need of compressed air for reference electrodes the entire quality
measuring system shall be designated for such a low constant pressure that a static
head pressurization kit with a reservoir of electrolyte can be used.

The measuring circuit has to be provided for connection to 1½” or 2” sample circuit,
pressure reducer valves, safety valves and pressure gauge. The pressure reducer
valves shall be installed outside the cabinet.

Easy access for maintenance and calibration is required, disassembly of the adjacent
devices shall not be necessary in case of replacing any devices. All equipment inside
of the wet cabinet shall be IP 65 or better.
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Dry cabinet

This part shall be designed with a swinging mounting frame with power supply unit
and 19” mounting structure for the transmitters, the indicators and the control devices.

These analysers shall be installed for the following continuous measurement:

- Potential hydrogen (pH)

- Conductivity

- Residual chlorine or chlorine dioxide concentration as defined in related P&IDs

- Temperature

5.6.1 pH measurement
The pH measurement shall be performed almost exclusively with glass electrodes.

A temperature sensor (Pt1000 or Pt100) for the temperature-compensated pH

measurements shall be used.

The pH measurement shall base on determination of the cell voltage of a galvanic cell.
This consist of two electrodes (measurement and reference electrodes) dipped into and
electrolytically connected to the unknown solution. A potential, which is depended on the
concentration of hydrogen ions, is generated on the pH-sensitive glass diaphragm of the
measuring electrode.

The output instruments (indications, remote monitoring) and controllers must be

connected to the galvanic cell via an analyser.

The measuring and reference electrodes must always have the same tapping system.
They can also be supplied as combination electrodes and thus require only one mounting
location. The Pt1000/Pt100 sensor for temperature compensation can also be integrated
in the combination electrode.

Combination electrodes with integrated Pt1000 are preferable used in replacement or

immersion fittings in which only one mounting location is available.

Reference electrodes with a liquid electrolyte can be filled with KCl (potassium chloride)
via filling opening and subjected to pressure, if necessary.

The requirements for the analyser are following:

- analyser with state-of-the-art micro power technology

- extremely simple field installation

- complete basic configuration

- maximum electromagnetic compatibility according to CE and NAMUR, sensitive

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lightning protection

- self-explanatory menu operation in plain text, help function

- Output signal 0/4-20 mA, floating

- Fault and limit contacts

5.6.2 Conductivity
Automatic temperature compensation shall be available using temperature sensitive
resistors. Electrode must ensure low maintenance and easy replacement without
calibration in case of exchange of the electrode.

- Conductivity value
The conductivity value is a measure for the concentration of all ions in a liquid.
Thus the specific resistance and concentration of salts, lye’s or acids can also be
determined.

- Measurement of the conductivity value

There are two measuring methods which are generally accepted. Dependent on
the application, the inductive or conductive measurement principle can be
chosen.

o Conductive principle

Between two opposite electrode surfaces, a voltage is applied. The

measuring transmitter converts the arising potential difference by means of
compensation equations into conductivity, concentration or specific
resistance.

o Inductive principle

Two coils potted in synthetic material are flown through by the liquid. Due to
the ions in the liquid, the excitation coil induces a current in the receiver coil.
The measuring transmitter can convert this current by means of
compensation equations into conductivity, concentration or specific
resistance.

5.6.3 Chlorine
- Content of free chlorine or chlorine dioxide

Chlorine or chlorine dioxide is used as degerminating agent in industrial

applications such as cooling circuits or gas washers, in food industry, drinking
water or swimming pool water. In many cases, only the application of the
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degerminating agent allows a riskless use of water for human beings.

- Measurement of free chlorine or chlorine dioxide

The measurement uses sensors with measuring electrodes in an inside

electrolyte chamber, that are separated from the medium by a membrane. Free
chlorine or chlorine dioxide diffuses through the membrane and generates a
signal current in the sensor that is proportional to the content in the medium. The
signal current is transformed and displayed on the measuring instrument as
content in mg/l. For calibration, the colorimetric or photometric measurement
according to the DPD method is used.

Automatic temperature compensation is required, using temperature sensitive resistors,

preferably incorporated within cell.

5.7 Leak Detection Instruments

All instruments required to perform proper leak detection and to fulfil the leak detection
performance requirements (see S06 “SCADA and Process Specific Software”) shall be
provided in addition to the process instrumentation, if not suitable or sufficient. The
requirements for instruments (e.g. flow meter, pressure, temperature) are in general, as
mentioned in this specification, also valid for additional instrumentation provided for the
leak detection.

A leak detection sensitivity study shall be the basis for the final selection of the
instrumentation to be provided for the leak detection system.

5.8 Auxiliary Plant Instruments

For all auxiliary systems/plants (e.g. air compressor unit, water treatment plant, cooling
water system, firefighting system) all required field instrumentation shall be provided by
the manufacturer/supplier as an integrated part of the auxiliary system and/or plant.

Instrument characteristics shall be selected by the manufacturer in order to guarantee

reliable and safe operation and performance of the system/plant.

As a general rule only instruments with the same main characteristics as described
above for the main product water system shall be used.

6 WORKSHOP TESTING AND CALIBRATION

All components and equipment to be supplied must be individually tested and calibrated
at the manufacturer's workshop in accordance with the technical requirements.
guarantees and reference codes and standards, prior to shipment. It is required to submit
calibration and material certificates, where applicable.
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For all instruments and equipment an instrument chart shall be provided which shall at
least indicate the station to be provided for, TAG-No., all technical data and the definitive
result of individual workshop tests and calibrations.

7 DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

7.1 Design and Construction documents

Before installation the entire approved documentation shall be available covering the
complete main and auxiliary instrumentation.

The documentation shall assist in the installation, initial start-up of the pipeline and
provide comprehensive information concerning subsequent operation and maintenance.
It also shall provide information necessary for any future check of equipment
performance or for expansion or redesign.

This documentation shall contain the purchase specification, equipment drawings,

operating data, instructions and other information:

- drawing and document schedule

- time schedule
- inspection and test plan
- all necessary certifications
- key design sketch
- operating and maintenance manual
- general arrangements
- interface and connection schedule (incl. interfaces to third parties)
- manufacture record book
- test report (for details refer to S03 “Installation and Start-up of Field
Instrumentation”)

7.2 Vendor Documentation

The vendor shall provide the following documents as a minimum. The number of copies
shall be as specified in the General Specification G02” Description of Project and
Works”.

- Detailed technical particular catalogues for instrumentation and devices.

- Completed filled-in data sheets.
- Test certificates.
- Non-toxic certificates (if required)
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- All other documents mentioned within this specification, and related to the vendor.

7.3 Packing and Shipment

The field instruments shall be packed in wooden type seaworthy crates having sufficient
strength to withstand normal ship handling and transport.

The crates shall be marked with SWCC's name and address, order number, type of
equipment, etc..

Enclosed with the instrument the following documents shall be included in suitable
wrapping:

- Electrical schematic diagram

- Electrical wiring diagram
- General arrangement drawing
- Operation and maintenance manual
- List of shipped material and equipment

7.4 As-Built Documentation

As-built documentation shall include all above mention reports and documents in the
latest revision