Group 1 Chapter 2 F

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ANGELES CITY NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL

Methodology
Research Design
A research design is a strategy, framework, and plan for conducting an inquiry that is
created to address a specific research issue or problem. It is the overall strategy or plan for
the study (Kumar, 2011). As stated in the preceding clause, after the research has been
decided upon, the researchers must plan the particulars of the research design, the kind of
data that will address the issues raised by the study, as well as the manner in which the data
will be gathered, presented, analyzed, and interpreted.
The study employs descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental research. Quantitative
data were collected for analysis in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the
significant experiences of the respondents. The researcher observes phenomena as they occur
naturally, without introducing external variables. In this research design, neither the variables
nor the environment are manipulated on purpose. Researchers collect data without
introducing any changes or treatments. This design focuses on eliciting the subjects' or
respondents' lived experiences. The purpose of this study is to analyze the significance of
these experiences for each participant, as opposed to generalizing to a larger population
(Donalek, 2004).
Respondents
The respondents of this study were the senior high school cookery students of
Angeles City National Trade School during the school year 2022-2023. From the population
215 of Cookery Students in Grade 12, the sample (n) of this study were 139 respondents
which were calculated using the Calmorin’s formula with a standard value (V) of 2.58 of one
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(1) percent of probability with 0.95 reliability. The sampling error (Se) was 0.05 and with the
largest possible proportion (P) of 0.50.
Setting
This investigation was carried out at Angeles City National Trade School Angeles
City, Pampanga, Philippines. The respondents of this study were from the TVL department
of the senior high school, which had a total enrollment of 215. The research was conducted
in school classrooms.
Sampling Procedure
Sampling is the process of selecting a subset (a sample) from a larger group (the
population) to serve as the basis for estimating or predicting the prevalence of an unknown
piece of data, situation, or outcome in the larger group.
Due to limitations in terms of budget, time, and manpower, researchers typically
selected samples rather than the entire population. It is essential that the researchers use an
adequate sample size to ensure the validity of their study. The researchers utilized availability
sampling to select their respondents. Under this sampling design, the study participants who
serve as active information sources during data collection are selected from the target
population based on their availability, the convenience of the researchers, and/or
voluntary/self selection. Availability sampling is the simplest technique (Daniel, 2012).
Research Instrument
For data collecting, surveys were created and utilized. Researchers included three
components of questionnaires. The first section of questions aimed to determine the
respondents' demographic features, such as age and gender, in order to collect quantifiable
characteristics of the population. The second and final section consists of questionnaires for
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gauging respondents' response about the topic. The researchers asked follow-up questions to
explain and elicit a more in-depth response to substantiate the respondents' claims.
Data Collection Procedure
Preparation
Face validation required assistance from the researchers' Practical Research 2
instructor, advisor, and language teachers. During the conception phase of the data collection
procedure, the researchers created a survey questionnaire.
Gathering Consent and Scheduling of Respondents for Survey
Before collecting data, the researchers sent the respondents all appropriate
communication letters. After the approval of the communication letters, the researchers
visited the target respondents in person to invite them to freely participate in the research by
providing them with an invitation letter. After the respondents signed the letters, answering
the survey questionnaire were scheduled in accordance with their availability.
Ethical Consideration
The researchers delivered a participation letter to the respondents that discussed the
rationale and purpose of the current study, as well as informed permission forms to ensure
the respondents' voluntary involvement. The data collected from each responder of the
survey were not disclosed in any way, so as not to betray information about these data. It was
underlined to the participants that they might leave the interview if they felt uneasy while
answering the questions.
Data Analysis
The researchers employed descriptive statistics to give exact figures. They do not, however,
explain the logic or reasoning underlying these statistics. It does not require extrapolation to
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a wider population. In this particular study, descriptive statistics based on frequency and
percentage will be employed to determine what proportion of the sample frequently gives the
same score. (Bhatia M. 2015).

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1

ANGELES CITY NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL

will be gathered, presented, analyzed, and interpreted.

The study employs descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental research. Quantitative

these experiences for each participant, as opposed to generalizing to a larger population

largest possible proportion (P) of 0.50.

piece of data, situation, or outcome in the larger group.

Due to limitations in terms of budget, time, and manpower, researchers typically

population based on their availability, the convenience of the researchers, and/or

voluntary/self selection. Availability sampling is the simplest technique (Daniel, 2012).

components of questionnaires. The first section of questions aimed to determine the

Data Collection Procedure

Face validation required assistance from the researchers' Practical Research 2

procedure, the researchers created a survey questionnaire.

Gathering Consent and Scheduling of Respondents for Survey

the survey questionnaire were scheduled in accordance with their availability.

answering the questions.

same score. (Bhatia M. 2015).

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