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    EF4e A1 A2 PocketBook Unit6

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    Eli Fdez
    This document appears to be an excerpt from an English language textbook for Spanish speakers studying English at the A1/A2 level. The excerpt covers several grammar lessons, including the use of object pronouns, the verbs "like" and "gustar", the verbs "be" and "do", the past simple of "be", weather and seasons, ordinal numbers and dates. Each lesson provides rules, examples and exercises. Pronunciation notes are included to highlight important sounds.

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    EF4e A1 A2 PocketBook Unit6

    Uploaded by

    Eli Fdez
    2K views5 pages
    This document appears to be an excerpt from an English language textbook for Spanish speakers studying English at the A1/A2 level. The excerpt covers several grammar lessons, including the use of object pronouns, the verbs "like" and "gustar", the verbs "be" and "do", the past simple of "be", weather and seasons, ordinal numbers and dates. Each lesson provides rules, examples and exercises. Pronunciation notes are included to highlight important sounds.

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    This document appears to be an excerpt from an English language textbook for Spanish speakers studying English at the A1/A2 level. The excerpt covers several grammar lessons, including the use of object pronouns, the verbs "like" and "gustar", the verbs "be" and "do", the past simple of "be", weather and seasons, ordinal numbers and dates. Each lesson provides rules, examples and exercises. Pronunciation notes are included to highlight important sounds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views5 pages

    EF4e A1 A2 PocketBook Unit6

    Uploaded by

    Eli Fdez
    This document appears to be an excerpt from an English language textbook for Spanish speakers studying English at the A1/A2 level. The excerpt covers several grammar lessons, including the use of object pronouns, the verbs "like" and "gustar", the verbs "be" and "do", the past simple of "be", weather and seasons, ordinal numbers and dates. Each lesson provides rules, examples and exercises. Pronunciation notes are included to highlight important sounds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    4

    fourth edition

    English File
    POCKET BOOK
    A1/A2 for speakers of Spanish

    Robin Walker
    Christina Latham-Koenig
    Clive Oxenden
    Jerry Lambert
    Paul Seligson
    6A  object pronouns

    Be careful with the word order of object pronouns (me, you, him, her, us, them).
    No la conozco. = I don’t know her. NOT I don’t her know.
    Los veo todos los días. = I see them every day. NOT I see every day them.
    Use object pronouns after prepositions.
    Nunca nos llaman. = They never call us.
    Estoy de acuerdo contigo. = I agree with you.

    PRONUNCIATION
    Be careful with stressed words in sentences. We normally stress the
    verb not the object pronoun.
    ¿Me puedes ayudar? = Can you help me? NOT Can you help me?
    No me gusta. = I don’t like it. NOT I don’t like it.
    Te necesito. = I need you. NOT I need you.

    6B  like + (verb + -ing)

    Gustar and like mean the same but work in different ways.
    Me gusta. = I like it. NOT I like. or It likes me.
    Me gustan. = I like them. NOT I like. or They like me.
    No me gusta. = I don’t like it. NOT I don’t like. or It doesn’t like me.
    No me gustan. = I don’t like them. NOT I don’t like. or They don’t like me.
    Use the gerund after like, love, don’t mind, hate.
    Me gusta nadar. = I like swimming. NOT I like swim.
    A ella le encanta bailar. = She loves dancing. NOT She loves dance.
    A él no le gusta conducir de noche. = He doesn’t like driving at night. NOT He
    doesn’t like drive at night.
    Odio levantarme temprano. = I hate getting up early. NOT I hate get up early.
    Remember to use it in questions and short answers.
    ¿Te gusta? = Do you like it? NOT Do you like?
    Sí, me encanta. = Yes, I love it. NOT Yes, I love.
    ¿Les gusta? = Do they like it? NOT Do they like.
    Sí, les gusta mucho. = Yes, they like it very much. NOT Yes, they
    like. or Yes, they like very much.

    11
    6C  be or do?

    Be and do can be main verbs or auxiliary verbs.


    ¿De dónde son? = Where are they from? (main verb)
    ¿Qué están comiendo? = What are they eating? (auxiliary verb)
    Hago mucho trabajo voluntario. = I do a lot of voluntary work. (main verb)
    ¿Vienes mucho por aquí? = Do you come here often? (auxiliary verb)
    ¿ Siempre hace las tareas domésticas? = D
     oes he always do the housework? (auxiliary
    and main verb)
    Remember to use the auxiliary verb do in present simple questions and
    negatives.
    ¿Hablan español? = Do they speak Spanish? NOT They speak Spanish?
    ¿Qué quieres? = What do you want? NOT What you want?

    7A  past simple of be: was / were

    Remember that both ser and estar = to be.


    Somos españoles. = We are Spanish.
    Estamos en casa. = We are at home.
    This is also true in the past simple.
    Fui feliz en Nueva York. = I was happy in New York.
    Su casa estaba enfrente de la nuestra. = Their house was opposite ours.
    Las películas de Fernando Rey eran = Fernando Rey’s films were very popular.
    muy populares.
    ¿Dónde estuviste anoche? = Where were you last night?
    Remember to use the verb be with born.
    Nací en Zamora. = I was born in Zamora. NOT I born in Zamora.

    PRONUNCIATION
    The auxiliary verbs was and were are not normally stressed and have a ‘weak’
    pronunciation.
    was /wəz/  were /wə(r)/
    Be careful with the stressed words in sentences with the past of be.
    He was /wəz/ a great actor.
    We were /wə/ too late.
    I was /wəz/ born in Glasgow.

    12
    PRONUNCIATION
    Be careful with the sentence stress of these phrases.
    call your sister hear a noise meet a friend
    paint a picture buy a newspaper look for my keys
    wait for the bus give her mother flowers tell a friend a secret
    leave her bag on the train

    5C  The weather and seasons

    Está nublado / fresco / agradable. = It’s cloudy / cool / warm.


    but also
    Hace sol / calor / frío / viento. = It’s sunny / hot / cold / windy.
    Hay niebla. = It’s foggy.
    Está lloviendo / Llueve. = It’s raining, it’s wet.
    Hoy hace calor. = It’s hot today. NOT Today it makes hot.
    Be careful – tiempo can be time or weather.
    ¡El tiempo vuela! = Time flies!
    ¿Qué tiempo hace? = What’s the weather like?

    PRONUNCIATION
    Be careful with the pronunciation of these words.
    autumn /ˈɔːtəm/ cold /kəʊld/
    cool /kuːl/ windy /ˈwɪndi/
    foggy /ˈfɒgi/ sunny /ˈsʌni/

    6B  Ordinal numbers and the date

    el doce de marzo = the twelfth of March NOT the twelve of March


    el veintidós de julio = the twenty-second of July NOT the twenty-two of July
    La reunión es el viernes 5 = The meeting is on Friday the fifth of September. NOT
    de septiembre. The meeting is the Friday five of September.
    en diciembre = in December NOT on December
    el 2013 = t wo thousand and thirteen NOT the two thousand
    thirteen

    PRONUNCIATION
    Be careful with the pronunciation of the final consonants in these ordinal numbers.
    first = /fɜːst/ NOT /fɜːs/ second = /ˈsekənd/ NOT /ˈsekən/
    third = /θɜːd/ NOT /θɜːt/ fourth = /fɔːθ/ NOT /fɔːt/
    fifth = /fɪfθ/ NOT /fɪft/ sixth = /sɪksθ/ NOT /sɪks/
    eighth = /eɪtθ/ NOT /eɪt/
    ! twelfth = /twelfθ/ but in normal speech most people say /twelθ/

    28
    Glossary terms
    Parts of speech  Partes de la oración Pronunciation  Pronunciación
    verb verbo consonant consonante
    noun sustantivo vowel vocal
    adjective adjetivo short vowel sound  sonido vocálico corto
    adverb adverbio long vowel sound  sonido vocálico largo
    preposition preposición contracted form  forma contraída
    subject sujeto syllable sílaba
    object objeto stress acento/énfasis
    pronoun pronombre weak sounds  sonidos débiles
    possessive posesivo
    Instructions  Instrucciones
    Nouns  Sustantivos Remember to use…  Acuérdate de usar…
    countable noun  sustantivo contable Don’t forget…  No olvides…
    uncountable noun  sustantivo incontable Look (at)…  Mira (a)…
    quantifiers cuantificadores Be careful with…  Ten cuidado con…
    Check… Comprueba…
    Verbs and tenses  Verbos y tiempos Don’t confuse… and…  No confundas… y …
    verbales
    present tense presente Other  Otros
    past tense pasado expressions of frequency  expresiones de
    third person  tercera persona frecuencia
    present simple  presente simple time expressions  expresiones de tiempo
    present continuous  presente continuo common expressions  expresiones comunes
    past simple  pasado simple ending terminación
    present perfect  presente perfecto word order  orden de las palabras
    future futuro
    imperative imperativo
    finished actions  acciones acabadas
    predictions  predicciones
    ability capacidad
    possibility posibilidad
    infinitive infinitivo
    -ing form  terminación -ing
    gerund gerundio
    main verb  verbo principal
    auxiliary verb  verbo auxiliar
    past participle  participio pasado

    33

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