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    Reproductive System of Cow

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    shreya bhardwaj
    The document summarizes the reproductive organs of cattle. It describes the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and vagina in female cattle. It also describes the testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, vesicular glands, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, and prepuce in male cattle. Diagrams are included to illustrate the female and male reproductive systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Reproductive System of Cow

    Uploaded by

    shreya bhardwaj
    20 views3 pages
    The document summarizes the reproductive organs of cattle. It describes the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and vagina in female cattle. It also describes the testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, vesicular glands, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, and prepuce in male cattle. Diagrams are included to illustrate the female and male reproductive systems.

    Original Description:

    BREEDING

    Original Title

    Reproductive_system_of_cow

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    The document summarizes the reproductive organs of cattle. It describes the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and vagina in female cattle. It also describes the testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, vesicular glands, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, and prepuce in male cattle. Diagrams are included to illustrate the female and male reproductive systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views3 pages

    Reproductive System of Cow

    Uploaded by

    shreya bhardwaj
    The document summarizes the reproductive organs of cattle. It describes the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and vagina in female cattle. It also describes the testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, vesicular glands, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, and prepuce in male cattle. Diagrams are included to illustrate the female and male reproductive systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Reproductive organs of cattle


    Reproductive organs of the cow

    Figure 3.1: Reproductive organs of the cow

    Ovary
    There are tw o ovaries in the abdominal cavity w hich release eggs and hormones. O ne ovary releases an
    egg every oestrous cycle (heat period); this process is called ovulation.
    The ovaries contain thousands of follicles and corpora lutea at various stages of development or regression.
    Follicles are fluid-filled sacs w hich contain the grow ing egg. The corpus luteum is a yellow body w hich
    develops from the collapsed follicle after ovulation.

    Oviduct (Fallopian tube)


    The oviducts have a funnel-shaped opening (called the fimbria) w hich surrounds the ovary at oestrus and
    collects the egg after ovulation.
    Fertilisation occurs w ithin the oviduct. The fertilised egg passes dow n the oviduct to the corresponding
    uterine horn 4 to 5 days after fertilisation.

    Uterus
    The uterus consists of a body and tw o horns. The uterine horns have a thick muscular coat and a rich
    blood supply to nourish the developing calf and to secrete certain fluids during the oestrous cycle under
    the influence of hormones.
    The uterus becomes firm during heat.

    10 Cattle Breeding Technologies


    Cervix
    The cervix, or entrance to the uterus, is approximately 10 cm long w ith a diameter of at least 2.5 cm and
    has a very firm thick w all. It has a narrow canal w hich is usually tightly closed. This canal enlarges
    slightly during heat and opens fully during parturition.

    Vagina
    The vagina leads to the outside of the animal and has a thin muscular w all. About 10 cm inside the
    vagina and on the floor is the opening of the bladder.

    Vulva
    The vulva is the external opening of the vagina w hich becomes relaxed and sw ollen during heat.

    Rectum
    The rectum is the final part of the digestive tract w hich terminates at the anus. Although it is not part of
    the reproductive tract it plays an important role in artificial breeding techniques because the reproductive
    tract can be palpated (touched) through it.

    Figure 3.2: Schematic representation of the reproductive tract of the cow

    Reproductive organs of the bull


    Testes
    The testes are the most important reproductive organs of the bull since they produce sperm and the
    hormone testosterone.

    Scrotum
    The scrotum is a layer of skin surrounding the testes and is responsible for the support, protection and
    temperature control (4–7°C below body temperature) of the testes.

    Spermatic cord
    The spermatic cord contains blood vessels and tubes necessary to carry sperm from the testes.

    Reproduction in cattle 11
    Figure 3.3: Reproductive organs of the bull

    Epididymis
    The epididymis is a very long and tightly coiled tube attached to the side of the testes. It is responsible
    for the concentration, storage, maturation and transport of sperm.

    Vas deferens
    The vas deferens is a long duct responsible for the transport of sperm. It runs from the epididymis into
    the abdominal cavity w here it joins the urethra. As sperm pass through the vas deferens and urethra,
    seminal fluid is added to produce semen.

    Urethra
    The urethra comes from the bladder and passes through the penis and empties to the outside. It is
    responsible for carrying sperm as w ell as urine.

    Vesicular glands
    Contributes fluid, energy substrates and buffers to semen.

    Prostate gland
    Contributes seminal fluid to sperm to form semen. It empties into the urethra.

    Bulbourethral glands
    Produce secretions that flush urine residue from the urethra.

    Penis
    The organ of copulation.

    Prepuce
    Encloses the free end of the penis.

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