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    Database Models

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    alfi taki
    This document discusses different database models including conceptual models, hierarchical, network, relational, entity relationship, and object-oriented models. It provides details on their key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The relational model is now dominant with advantages like structural independence and easy querying with SQL. Newer models like entity relationship and object-oriented aim to incorporate more semantic meaning but have disadvantages around complexity and performance.

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    Database Models

    Uploaded by

    alfi taki
    17 views15 pages
    This document discusses different database models including conceptual models, hierarchical, network, relational, entity relationship, and object-oriented models. It provides details on their key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The relational model is now dominant with advantages like structural independence and easy querying with SQL. Newer models like entity relationship and object-oriented aim to incorporate more semantic meaning but have disadvantages around complexity and performance.

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    Database Models(2)

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    This document discusses different database models including conceptual models, hierarchical, network, relational, entity relationship, and object-oriented models. It provides details on their key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The relational model is now dominant with advantages like structural independence and easy querying with SQL. Newer models like entity relationship and object-oriented aim to incorporate more semantic meaning but have disadvantages around complexity and performance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views15 pages

    Database Models

    Uploaded by

    alfi taki
    This document discusses different database models including conceptual models, hierarchical, network, relational, entity relationship, and object-oriented models. It provides details on their key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The relational model is now dominant with advantages like structural independence and easy querying with SQL. Newer models like entity relationship and object-oriented aim to incorporate more semantic meaning but have disadvantages around complexity and performance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 15

    1

    Database Models
    •  Collection of logical constructs used to represent
    data structure and relationships within the
    database
    –  Conceptual models: logical nature of data
    representation
    –  Implementation models: emphasis on how the data
    are represented in the database

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 1
    1

    Database Models (con’t.)


    •  Relationships in Conceptual Models
    –  One-to-one (1:1)
    –  One-to-many (1:M)
    –  Many-to-many (M:N)
    •  Implementation Database Models
    –  Hierarchical
    –  Network
    –  Relational

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 2
    1

    Hierarchical Database Model


    •  Logically represented by an upside down tree
    –  Each parent can have many children
    –  Each child has only one parent

    Figure 1.8

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 3
    1

    Hierarchical Database Model


    •  Advantages
    –  Conceptual simplicity
    –  Database security and integrity
    –  Data independence
    –  Efficiency
    •  Disadvantages
    –  Complex implementation
    –  Difficult to manage and lack of standards
    –  Lacks structural independence
    –  Applications programming and use complexity
    –  Implementation limitations
    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 4
    1

    Network Database Model


    •  Each record can have multiple parents
    –  Composed of sets
    –  Each set has owner record and member record
    –  Member may have several owners

    Figure 1.10

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 5
    1

    Network Database Model


    •  Advantages
    –  Conceptual simplicity
    –  Handles more relationship types
    –  Data access flexibility
    –  Promotes database integrity
    –  Data independence
    –  Conformance to standards
    •  Disadvantages
    –  System complexity
    –  Lack of structural independence

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 6
    1

    Relational Database Model

    •  Perceived by user as a collection of tables for


    data storage
    •  Tables are a series of row/column intersections
    •  Tables related by sharing common entity
    characteristic(s)

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 7
    1

    Relational Database Model (con’t.)

    Figure 1.11

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 8
    1

    Relational Database Model


    •  Advantages
    –  Structural independence
    –  Improved conceptual simplicity
    –  Easier database design, implementation,
    management, and use
    –  Ad hoc query capability with SQL
    –  Powerful database management system

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 9
    1

    Relational Database Model


    •  Disadvantages
    –  Substantial hardware and system software
    overhead
    –  Poor design and implementation is made easy
    –  May promote “islands of information” problems

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 10
    1

    Entity Relationship Database Model


    •  Complements the relational data model concepts
    •  Represented in an entity relationship diagram
    (ERD)
    •  Based on entities, attributes, and relationships

    Figure 1.13

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 11
    1

    Entity Relationship Database Model


    •  Advantages
    –  Exceptional conceptual simplicity
    –  Visual representation
    –  Effective communication tool
    –  Integrated with the relational database model
    •  Disadvantages
    –  Limited constraint representation
    –  Limited relationship representation
    –  No data manipulation language
    –  Loss of information content

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 12
    1

    Object-Oriented Database Model


    •  Objects or abstractions of real-world entities are
    stored
    –  Attributes describe properties
    –  Collection of similar objects is a class
    •  Methods represent real world actions of classes
    •  Classes are organized in a class hierarchy
    –  Inheritance is ability of object to inherit attributes
    and methods of classes above it

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 13
    1

    OO Data Model
    •  Advantages
    –  Adds semantic content
    –  Visual presentation includes semantic content
    –  Database integrity
    –  Both structural and data independence
    •  Disadvantages
    –  Lack of OODM
    –  Complex navigational data access
    –  Steep learning curve
    –  High system overhead slows transactions

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 14
    1

    Database Models and the Internet


    •  Characteristics of “Internet age” databases
    –  Flexible, efficient, and secure Internet access
    –  Easily used, developed, and supported
    –  Supports complex data types and relationships
    –  Seamless interfaces with multiple data sources
    and structures
    –  Simplicity of conceptual database model
    –  Many database design, implementation, and
    application development tools
    –  Powerful DBMS GUI make DBA job easier

    Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5th Edition, Rob & Coronel 15

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