Differential Equations

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Differential Equations

Introduction

A Relation between independent variables, dependent variables and its first and
higher order derivatives.

Ordinary Differential Equations : Only One Independent Variable


Order : Highest order derivatives present in the equation

Partial Differential Equations : More than One Independent Variable

An Ordinary Differential Equation of nth order is defined as F (t, y, ...yn )=0

💡 This equation could represent than one Ordinary Differential Equation


because of its implicit nature

So to avoid the ambiguity we use yn = F (t, y, ..yn−1 )

A function ϕ(t) is called a solution of the differential on t ∈ I = (a,b) :

1. N times differentiable on I

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2. Satisfies Equations for every t in the defined interval

An ordinary differential equation is linear, if all its arguments y, y2 , ...yn−1 are linear.

To check for linearity, convert the differential equation in the operator form, and the
operator is linear. The operator L : V (K) → V (K) is said to be a linear operator on
vector space V defined on scalar field K if it satisfies
L[αx + βy] = αL[x] + βL[y]

for all x, y (vectors/functions) α, β (constants/scalars)

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