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    Numerical Analysis

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    YERRAMILLI SRIVATSAV
    Numerical analysis is the use of arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to approximate solutions to problems, as opposed to symbolic analysis using equations. It allows for analysis of problems on computers. The goals of numerical analysis are to achieve accuracy, efficiency and stability. It involves techniques like Taylor's theorem, the mean value theorem and Rolle's theorem to approximate functions and their derivatives. Sources of error in numerical analysis include the original data, human errors, truncating procedures, propagated error from subsequent steps, and rounding errors from representing numbers on computers.

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    Numerical Analysis

    Uploaded by

    YERRAMILLI SRIVATSAV
    34 views3 pages
    Numerical analysis is the use of arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to approximate solutions to problems, as opposed to symbolic analysis using equations. It allows for analysis of problems on computers. The goals of numerical analysis are to achieve accuracy, efficiency and stability. It involves techniques like Taylor's theorem, the mean value theorem and Rolle's theorem to approximate functions and their derivatives. Sources of error in numerical analysis include the original data, human errors, truncating procedures, propagated error from subsequent steps, and rounding errors from representing numbers on computers.

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    Numerical analysis is the use of arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to approximate solutions to problems, as opposed to symbolic analysis using equations. It allows for analysis of problems on computers. The goals of numerical analysis are to achieve accuracy, efficiency and stability. It involves techniques like Taylor's theorem, the mean value theorem and Rolle's theorem to approximate functions and their derivatives. Sources of error in numerical analysis include the original data, human errors, truncating procedures, propagated error from subsequent steps, and rounding errors from representing numbers on computers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views3 pages

    Numerical Analysis

    Uploaded by

    YERRAMILLI SRIVATSAV
    Numerical analysis is the use of arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to approximate solutions to problems, as opposed to symbolic analysis using equations. It allows for analysis of problems on computers. The goals of numerical analysis are to achieve accuracy, efficiency and stability. It involves techniques like Taylor's theorem, the mean value theorem and Rolle's theorem to approximate functions and their derivatives. Sources of error in numerical analysis include the original data, human errors, truncating procedures, propagated error from subsequent steps, and rounding errors from representing numbers on computers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Numerical Analysis

    Analysis generally implies solving a problem through equations. The equations


    must be reduced to an answer through procedures of algebra, calculus, differential
    equations, partial differential equations etc.

    Numerical Analysis is essentially analysis using only procedures of arithmetic, i.e.


    addition, substraction, multiplication, division and comparision.

    💡 Because the operations involved in numerical analysis are exactly what


    computers can do, numerical analysis and computers are intimately related.

    Goals we wish to achieve while using numerical analysis:

    1. Accuracy: Amount and ability to control error

    2. Efficiency: Number of steps taken to reach our solution

    3. Stability: Small Deviations in output corresponding to small deviations in input


    (otherwise it is unstable)

    Notations

    C(R) : Set of all functions ‘f’ such that f is continous on the entire real line R
    C′ (R) : Set of all functions ‘f’’ such that f is continous on the entire real line R
    C2 (R) : Set of all functions ‘f 2 ’ such that f is continous on the entire real line R
    C∞ (R) : Set of all functions ‘f n ’ such that f is continous on the entire real line R

    Numerical Analysis 1
    Taylor’s Theorem with Lagrange form of Remainder

    If f ∈ Cn [a, b] and if f n+1 exists in (a, b) then for point c and x ∈ [a, b] there exists a
    ξ between c and x such that

    f(x) = Σnk=0 k!1 f k (c)(x − c)k + En (x)

    1
    where En (x) = (n+1)!
    f n+1 (ξ)(x − c)n+1

    Mean Value Theorem

    If f ∈ C[a, b] and f ′ exists in (a,b), then for any c and x ∈ [a, b] there exists a ξ
    between c and x such that f(x) = f(c) + (x − c)f ′ (ξ)

    Rolle’s Theorem

    ∈ C[a, b] and f ′ exists in (a,b), and if f(a) = f(b) = 0 then f ′ (ξ) = 0 for some
    If f
    ξ ∈ (a, b)

    Error

    X —> True Value

    X ∗ —> Approximation

    Numerical Analysis 2
    Absolute Error = ∣X − X∗∣

    ∣x−x∗ ∣
    Relative Error = ∣x∣

    Kinds of Errors in Numerical Procedures

    1. Error in Original Data: Problems depend on measurements of doubtful accuracy in


    the real world.

    2. Blunders: Human error is natural, we can make errors causing in overall blunder in
    the result.

    3. Truncation Error : Errors caused because of truncating the procedure or equation.

    4. Propagated Error: Error caused by magnification of error in subsequent steps

    5. Round off Error: Floating Point numbers are usually not exacly represented, but are
    rounded off, which results in round off error.

    Numerical Analysis 3

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