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    CHM101 L7&L8 20-01-2022

    Uploaded by

    Saptarshi Halder
    Here are the key details about the quiz: - Date: 22-01-2022 (Saturday) - Time: 3 pm to 4 pm - Platform: Google classroom - Total Marks: 20 The quiz will have multiple choice and short answer questions testing your understanding of periodic properties of elements such as atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity etc. It is aimed at evaluating your grasp of the concepts covered in today's lesson. Please review your notes and be prepared to take the quiz online via Google classroom at the scheduled date and time. Let me know if you have any other questions!

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CHM101 L7&L8 20-01-2022

    Uploaded by

    Saptarshi Halder
    7 views39 pages
    Here are the key details about the quiz: - Date: 22-01-2022 (Saturday) - Time: 3 pm to 4 pm - Platform: Google classroom - Total Marks: 20 The quiz will have multiple choice and short answer questions testing your understanding of periodic properties of elements such as atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity etc. It is aimed at evaluating your grasp of the concepts covered in today's lesson. Please review your notes and be prepared to take the quiz online via Google classroom at the scheduled date and time. Let me know if you have any other questions!

    Original Title

    CHM101_L7&L8_20-01-2022

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    Here are the key details about the quiz: - Date: 22-01-2022 (Saturday) - Time: 3 pm to 4 pm - Platform: Google classroom - Total Marks: 20 The quiz will have multiple choice and short answer questions testing your understanding of periodic properties of elements such as atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity etc. It is aimed at evaluating your grasp of the concepts covered in today's lesson. Please review your notes and be prepared to take the quiz online via Google classroom at the scheduled date and time. Let me know if you have any other questions!

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views39 pages

    CHM101 L7&L8 20-01-2022

    Uploaded by

    Saptarshi Halder
    Here are the key details about the quiz: - Date: 22-01-2022 (Saturday) - Time: 3 pm to 4 pm - Platform: Google classroom - Total Marks: 20 The quiz will have multiple choice and short answer questions testing your understanding of periodic properties of elements such as atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity etc. It is aimed at evaluating your grasp of the concepts covered in today's lesson. Please review your notes and be prepared to take the quiz online via Google classroom at the scheduled date and time. Let me know if you have any other questions!

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 39

    Periodic properties of elements

    Arrangement of the Elements

    • Chemists had been looking for a method to classify the elements.

    • In 1829, the German chemist J.W. Döbereiner observed that several elements could be

    classified into groups of three, or triads.

    • All three elements in a triad showed very similar chemical properties and an orderly trend in

    physical properties.
    Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
    • Mendeleev proposed that the properties of the chemical elements repeat at
    regular intervals when arranged in order of increasing atomic mass.
    • Mendeleev is the architect of the modern periodic table.

    • He arranged his periodic


    table in columns by the
    formula of the element’s
    oxide.
    Prediction of New Elements
    • Mendeleev noticed that there appeared to be some elements
    missing from the periodic table.
    • He was able to accurately predict the properties of the unknown
    element ekasilicon in 1869. It was discovered in 1886 (germanium).
    Dmitri Mendeleev

    • Dmitri Mendeleev was born in Siberia in 1834

    • Was a student and professor at the University of St. Petersburg.

    • Predicted the existence of three elements (gallium, scandium, and germanium) before they

    were discovered based on periodic trends.

    • Narrowly missed being awarded the Nobel Prize in 1906.


    The Noble Gases

    • The periodic table was expanded by one group at the far right of the periodic table with the

    discovery of argon in 1894.

    • Helium, neon, krypton, xenon, and radon were subsequently discovered in the next 5 years.

    • They were originally called the inert gases.

    • Recently, several compounds of xenon and krypton have been made and the term noble

    gases is currently used.


    The Periodic Law

    • The periodic law states that the properties of elements recur in a repeating pattern when
    arranged according to increasing atomic number.
    Groups & Periods of Elements
    • A vertical column on the periodic table is a group or family of elements.
    • A horizontal row on the periodic table is a period or series of elements.
    • There are 18 groups and 7 periods on the periodic table.
    Periods on the Periodic Table

    • The 7 periods are labeled 1 through 7.

    • The first period has only 2 elements, H and He.

    • The second and third periods have 8 elements each:

    • Li through Ne and Na through Ar

    • The fourth and fifth periods each have 18 elements:

    • K through Kr and Rb through Xe


    Groups on the Periodic Table
    • In 1920, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
    (IUPAC) proposed a new numbering scheme. In it, the groups are
    assigned numbers 1 through 18.
    • Group 1 is Li to Fr – Group 12 is Zn, Cd, Hg
    • Group 2 is Be to Ra – Group 15 is N to Bi
    International Year of the Periodic Table (2019)

    2019 has been designated by UNESCO as the International Year of the Periodic Table

    (IYPT), marking the 150th anniversary of the Mendeleev periodic table


    Periodic properties of elements

    q Atomic and ionic radii

    q Ionization energy

    q Electron affinity

    q Electronegativity

    q Polarizibility

    q Melting and Boiling point

    q Density
    Atomic and ionic radii

    (a) metallic radius, (b) covalent radius (c) ionic radius.


    Atomic radii ( r/pm)

    Atomic radii increase down a group and, within the s and p blocks, decrease from left to right
    across a period
    covalent radius
    Ionic radius
    Ionization energy
    X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

    Free electron ( vacuum level)

    BE
    2p
    2s
    1s
    First, second, and third (and some fourth) ionization energies of the elements, kJ/mol)
    Electron affinity
    First electron affinities of the main-group elements
    First electron affinities of elements
    Electronegativity

    Pauling Scale

    Mulliken Scale

    Allred and Rochow Scale

    Allen Scale

    Nagle Scale
    Lanthanide contractions
    Lanthanide contractions
    Quiz 1

    Date: 22-01-2022, Saturday

    Time: 3 pm to 4 pm

    Platform: Google classroom

    Total Marks: 20

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