DATE:

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Ch-1
Penay syslem
donwry spCa mken syzlom abase-1O umhen
Sylc
_Lnsis3af Values prern 61.
a
wsed hy humuns ae n_day-O vday lfe
Binary Syslom
d t brasy nanse yslaanisa bac-2wahe2
Syslern
Lusss Os and1s
Lnpuleno uly tuncdemlard beiary daias
andLengulex we ito Zhuy ake uwe

ugiln
ASCIL
lengules af dlpeent jasnat
lo ronallie-
odigitalnliumenl

LarersaN Benartà ena4

Addplace values Zb. le hye cilpshezene.
1 CuA a l plase _Lahue
cenveaL 101OLQ,T dnlra4
61 32 1G 8 42 4

23+32t[+y +2 182
 DATE

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Consersuey_ef dnanaylo bnae

Mellod 1
outrt_47_l6 bnag
122 61 '32 2 4 2
O

melko/ 2

Sueaue duroa hy 2

13 :1 Aal semaltes

getkae huiasy_uuneen
O 100_

MAAremlat ofbo seg _af compule memaras

hetagp lneSiin deimal nnhe apslb|

bt
byle 8 bl
Nibbl 4 byles
2'
kilobyle 1O24 byes 22

Magabyia- I024kB
20

Ligakyle O24 MB
102 CB 2
Tenabylo 20
1024 TB
Petabyle
 DATE
PAGE NO.

Hezadeumal Sysom
A hemadusmal numben)syslin a a base-i6
sysbm
E Cansds a_Leesrsm 0 o 1 andpen Abf

Bunay Vaue Ker Value Devray Valuu

O

1
2
O01 1 3 3
OIOD
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5

1
1000
loo1
lo10D A

1 1L

KiAay hlyko henadlecimol humhe sykian sedu

Lepulensplnl
aa progiasamus atead mad mdam
eaL t debug-

ML dla can ke deplayel even en snrall &AeenA

codl an pl malhn dephays
malten oneunl o nermgy raguuik hzp_ Ae3
hen e mesage han c hased s mesag
kooten on binary for enbrny humhey
 DATE

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Haes ot hecedcoal
Lnc dumps-_Ahen eluvelepare nli auaa
Seen hyte atis hrg enablurng ea20zike
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nolgaf 3ptrary edalars a_lelermied by-
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t FF O0 FF
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 DATE
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A MAC addieo sLLp la unhln unigtuehy.

udenlilekA a deuie_a e ualtzal: he MA
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aupa hen_digiki NN:NNNW:DD:DD:AP

hasf he denlly f e atnadmaauauarers
tiduice daudh 2 hilpadkL eal
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Losesio hom kinay ëherg

en I101111010Ö

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 DATE

PAGENO.

lareis_Pan heu to biay

Lonuet A 9E B binay
Coruet eah h e digt ita 1 el naryzia
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ConvCa_iom her e denasy

coiwent 2AF 1 d a denam
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ltipkg nduas bss ikplau ialte)
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 DATE

Ch2 PAGENO.

Dala nananissian tan h cilhen oena shart

dholance lcerpulen k yiunlis) an long dolana Laue
a blaphani nlluarh)
Drce bnctono necel to he censebered itun ransoult
n g ala
K iadelen afad d a transusiaa Luntetrekisn
bidrechemal
melhed afbansmisinl hewmamy dith e
sent at a lne

bernplectalf-thypte luptne dui

LransnisSion
o Spler-Z2 derechèn dala sunidirean
-a iie ren sealen a Beclien Aieuire la
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ways hul_dala Cama lianomniltd atli
Seme_ne
Eull Dypleu Dupleec) hu_phreckiasn 4 data
ket ays bz be dalcan he Zaniultd
hath wny aullinvesly

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deocasperenAug

Canpule gpeaka
 DATE:

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nial anud pparallol dala rausentsen

ArL:Te _ c a a
e syhdhrenes asgnihene
dychlenau siSeial lansnissis dalo
r a i l i c d ao a tanbicous oeam ime
Arla a maolterclackdal meues fara
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ta eg1Ced i t pallni dala a sestolea

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paral data iaasmitiou-MaultiploBli setat a

dala ansmsubsssn
adutualazs
hrlehale 4 dal lhenafen
ho melhod dalh emsmiea Rko
 DATE

PAGE NO.

Tultgraleed circull-TCS_aLue jo sendrng

dala rakazall_Lnleanaly an at paratlel
olela. tranomiosag-

Uniutal Seial Ba LusB)

vsA balaunel af senal dala lbanfe wid

eas acl peuenars2jan inonsmusssaa

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desice mcerre-
u high speed caieti-sa dala Banui
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and dounleaded aa pearad
 DATE:
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Enan dherkne melhals

1 Chodpun
ALnle io cakiulalad remlLe dala
Zhu calaslatrd_cahce iaseat aleag ibadela
vake. ta slcattulalid by Ke reeeiven
Ze heèin_then_orpax kelh aluass
Sut h tto adea enad Zo_nlihieh Zhe
leiuelael alcletrd
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Cvea nedd parl kaae Lan be-waed

d parilg_ndU haare odd uben ef 1s
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Le pan~l hehfails bdelicl sehen ate

t t n numse a when evn nume af-

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B e kuetodeuerd ancl tse lanlsul
AtaA deuie deleda an esha ndai hanim
e suidumg derase AArls Jhepaketple the
 DATE

PAGE NO.

Th phacess_a contirnuo unlil e packet a

4Ehe_heck
Loiy ah-dal a sent back b dke sende
dala a cenparud la sce i t malhe
_dseo nat elan_ia delected

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hinePSL)colta nlineti
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paUdes SthAiLRslntudisg emailwld arde
eh haribg-
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detenmines bandard h
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hn alcessisg lnaimaien nWwW

each inditdual sb page.jimage, aud udee
dthed hy a dialest DRL
Caulasbedhseueaaad_suqturs favinahen
Lnllrpsel e HTML douure
 DATE
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tianstata wbeducdxaiplng
Pretdrs humckon suih as beatrrarka ancd hotng
Ldmlipis plelecas suchas SSLancl ktps

MACadebrasses
e A hardanru duntihalann sumben Zhal uuguls
ldntftns ash deni larnietis o laenelearh
he MA address w mamfailsrs tnlo eny NIL.
Lnelurk ulinjace enlralten)
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IP Czn2anel phtacak)
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caa he ezhea i e/Pv6

lan he Hli dyhannie
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MTML ued boiate RL agea
he ruihure andphetnlalan
hae as dput eg: caleelayestl9eghis
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HTML shuune /s HLML PAeealalt

luulare_á used o ueali laya

u HTMLdauunadAuuulure anelpbestelakisn awte
 DATE

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Lden L f o t

Ch oouum
A2ueliuze eczyezesnlerkkagn

DRLCUnuferm kesaune lacalon)

URL muoyp0nligho donam nme/ dongrlh
dalahon afamaalison

usclicre UkL hudes imeihe s bppdral

DNS addess per efomsalis
https www hodderedoation uo Uk/Ls
l h seruh vame

HTTP Chwpentesct hnsenpelietal

(nuniialuon ketiaeen den Leyeulaud
eh SepACrA

HTTPS

https sPat af http

 DATE:

PAGE NO.

Ch3
Name Symbal Dul lasl
NOTGATE

ANDAAH tBX

OR GATE ABX
X

NAND ATE BX

NOR CnAE h XK
 DATE:
PAGE NO.

KOR TE

Lo 1

Budding Beks
AND f E
E-

OR aAE

NOT aATE

XOR CnATE
 DATE

PAGENO.

Bealean laus
AA AA
1Laa a idenlt4
2 Lonumaulatire lau A:B-B:AAtB B+A

3. lauw A:CB-C) A:B.C

AtCBtC): A tB+C

Tdnpstiat lau2 AA =A
AtA A

SDaublen0galie laus A =A

A+

A:1-AA:0 0
At1:1 A+O EA.

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A+B=AB

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AtLBC)=CA+B)-(AFC)

A:CA+B) EA
tt(AB)= _

12aa _LssaA LdertelasL ÉAABA:A+8) =A8

A +CAB) =A+B
 DATE
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kg_ funeisen eeotean Nolalis

AND A B
OR AtB
NOR At
NAND
XOR (AB)+C B)
MOT A
 DATE
PAGENO.
Ch 4

Operalio gzlary=

e a OS ased auka Lnnput

CnI LGrsaphuial Lhes Inezjae)-tb bat buuli
aseunda caltechen ef uual okyis wthuuh
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o dieplay fa: Ths- mal_piultreshat splia
paldera eeacl Sw: Manuo- a i t yet a uae Lan

Dhese Lnteaceo ae
natwre haueren _Aaguuze paasfpl Lenypla
SAaue hungsy
CLE CcomnandLua Lnlpase )- do ne
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Aegure
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leng eeulee! tBse

Lodng amd nug 2fluressrd anplualae

 DATE

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Mancgenenl efue aucaunb fil ltillis

phocwan nanagnenl Daemany_managtanen
n l une pracrei inlinupt handlrg t o l a s
managung puphenalo Beuri

iperfanrs a ne: f basii lbshssnlaeiug uboltin

hardiurel hele handlig
alleus_usen lo suuuuul wrdh apulzy 2 hurd
phndes Lnlaface
PC'sEL e_usel optham mamy LBaplau

Talensupb are 2zpsiSlarare Ahrdure

hirh_Aill sae
Leel ulhshepls horedfererprardeoa
lollung
 DATE:

PAGENO.:

Bons atre Lontaa data lhaibÁ ploradfana

short amaunt C n emlhe_main nlmYRA,
he_pusypse i t to2 hat! elala ughe
befone it à aseel_hirh saves br laru f
CPOhentvr h e olata a necessied be befe

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mio a CPUSene AeA arL_uoed almial4
Aud intet he aeseel es 2utida Li
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Aderers Bus= Larues seguals2elaleod Z

addresseA helereeq upreeesa) A aaim4
SugpaloJrasel ia ardeestzen lunilvaid
 DATE
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Dala bus-sCucls dala hchraeaa e prcesss

memmory mil and Aiu TiO deusiks
Lala tan kaucdin hata_abreliorm Ceihrakinad

arud ke_caartkimalazi aMaalitzz wilta

Leeeria lbui HA_2erpule arebilAhb

Rrocesso
n clude D Meno
Octr Unit

D
C derris

Memovy Onit
MAR MDR
dewiCe
ot
deyTe
Processer-

LoatvoLUnit
 DATE

PAGE MO.

Auumalala
hLla ana feqtods caled acu
LAS LLnmediate stare
Aus
Te LPelahes te dala mslinlsins neele!
aud lorts Jhem m a lhe Ens lb a
6 ke

FelihDecsle- Ececute yeh

PC Cailauns tao addhes e neut uluekisn
Lhah hao_ hejkel

address ia_cepsed inle MAR pan PC

addpes bus:-

Ze ueicn at Lhe addes MAR cepied ta MR

hon_ dala hus

Pc's alaes_is mlasialeA by1 s0 ae net aal

- aa he AsBLeNeel

The luion _o hnell_adecelp/ A ecaulol

bSeeerg at_Sagnele ung_enlzet buo
nZe alhen Lmsplatnk e lenyul
 DATE:

PAGE N0.

a Mnud inRAM
Lnsliulisas ALJetaed anl atalia-