Multiple Choice Questions for all Biotechnology Tests

Compiled By

TARIQ KHAN (PhD Scholar Biotechnology)

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad

Questions Answers

1. The term cistorn, muton and recon were introduced by Answer:

(A) Watson and Crick (B)
(B) S. Benzer
(C) Meselson
(D) Morgan

2. Extra-nuclear genetic material is found in Answer:

(A) Plastid and nucleus (B)
(B) Mitochondria and plastids
(C) Nucleus and cytoplasm
(D) Mitochondria and nucleus

3. The molecular formulae of deoxy-ribose sugar and ribose sugar respectively are Answer:
(A) C5 H10 O4 and C5H10O6 (B)
(B) C5 H10 O4 and C5H10O5
(C) C5 H10 O5 and C5H10O4
(D) C5 H10 O5 and C6H10O4

4. The nitrogen bases which pair with two hydrogen bonds are Answer:
(A) Adenine and thymine (A)
(B) Adenine and Cytosine
(C) Cytosine and guanine
(D) Cytosine and adenine

5. DNA differs from RNA in Answer:

(A) Presence of deoxyribose sugar (D)
(B) Presence of thymine base
(C) Property of replication
(D) All the above

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6. DNA molecules makes a complete turn after every Answer:
(A) 20 Å (D)
(B) 34 Å
(B) 3.4 Å
(D) 10 base pairs

7. The distance between two successive nitrogenous base pairs is Answer:

(A) 34 Å (D)
(B) 36 Å
(C) 20 Å
(D) 3.4 Å

8. In nucleoside, nitrogen base is attached to pentose sugar at Answer:

(A) Carbon – 1 of pentose sugar (A)
(B) Carbon – 2 of pentose sugar
(C) Carbon – 4 of pentose sugar
(D) Carbon – 5 of pentose sugar

9. If the strand of DNA has 35 nucleotide how many phosphodiester bonds would exist Answer:
(A) 34 (A)
(B) 35
(C) 24
(D) 70

10. In eukaryotic DNA replication, lagging strand is formed by Answer:

(A) RNA fragments (B)
(B) Okazaki fragments
(C) DNA fragments
(D) Nucleotide fragments

11. The enzyme DNA polymerase can work only in Answer:

(A) 3¢ ® 5¢ direction (B)
(B) 5¢ ® 3¢ direction
(C) Both the direction
(D) 5¢ ® 5¢ direction

12. Enzyme required for removing RNA primer during DNA replication is Answer:
(A) DNA primase (C)
(B) DNA ligase

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 (C) DNA polymerase I
(D) DNA polymerase III

13. During DNA replication, the reunion or recoiling of separated DNA strand is prevented Answer:
by (D)
(A) Helix destabilizing protein
(B) Single strnad binding protein
(C) Rep protein
(D) Both (A) and (B)

14. The enzyme that cuts the bonds of DNA molecule at the origin of replication is Answer:
(A) Endonuclease (A)
(B) DNA polymerase
(C) DNA gyrase
(D) DNA ligase

15. Which of the following enzyme is required to release the tension imposed by uncoiling Answer:
of strands? (C)
(A) Endonuclease
(B) DNA ligase
(C) DNA gyrase
(D) DNA helicase

16. The cellular composition of m-RNA is Answer:

(A) 5-10% (B)
(B) 3-5%
(C) 10-20 %
(D) 70-80%

17. Formation of mRNA from DNA is called Answer:

(A) Transformation (D)
(B) Transduction
(C) Traslation
(D) Transcription

18. The ratio of purines and pyrimidines in mRNA is not 1:1 because the nitrogenous bases Answer:
are (A)
(A) Unpaired
(B) Paired

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 (C) Paired only in loops
(D) Paired in stems

19. The codons which may present at 3¢ end of mRNA Answer:

(A) UAA (D)
(B) UAG
(C) UGA
(D) Any one of these

20. Which of the following is not tool of genetic engineering? Answer:

(A) Vectors (D)
(B) Enzymes
(C) Foreign DNA
(D) GMO

21. In recombinant DNA technology a plasmid vector is cleaved by Answer:

(A) Modified DNA ligase (C)
(B) A heated alkaline solution
(C) The same enzyme that cleave the donor DNA
(D) The different enzyme other than that cleave the donor DNA

22. The most common plasmid vector used in genetic engineering is Answer:
(A) PBR 328 (B)
(B) PBR 322
(C) PBR 325
(D) PBR 330

23. ‘Nif gene’ for nitrogen fixation is cereal crops like wheat, jowar etc. is introduced by Answer:
cloning (A)
(A) Rhizobium meliloti
(B) Bacillus thuringiensis
(C) Rhizopus
(D) Rhizophora

24. Eco RI is an Answer:

(A) Ligase (C)
(B) Polymerase
(C) Restriction enzyme

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 (D) Gyrase

25. The transgenic plant flavr savr tomato carries an artificial gene for Answer:
(A) Delay ripening process (D)
(B) Longer shell life
(C) Added flavours
(D) All of these

Answers

26. Hirudin is obtained from the transgenic plant Answer:

(A) Brassica napus (A)
(B) Hibiscus rosasinesis
(C) Raphanus sativus
(D) Vinca rosea

27. Bt Cotton is Answer:

(A) Cloned plant (B)
(B) Transgenic plant
(C) Hybrid plant
(D) Mutated plant

28. Dolly sheep was genetically similar to Answer:

(A) The mother from which nucleated fertilized egg was taken (B)
(B) The mother from which nuclear DNA of udder cell was taken
(C) The surrogate mother
(D) Both surrogate mother and nuclear donor mother

29. Genome is Answer:

(A) Genes on nuclear DNA (D)
(B) Nuclear DNA + mitochondrial DNA
(C) Nuclear DNA + chloroplast DNA
(D) Nuclear DNA + Mitochondrial DNA + Chloroplast DNA

30. A technique of using very small metal particles coated with desired gene in the gene Answer:
transfer is called (D)
(A) Electroporation
(B) Microinjection

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 (C) Liposome
(D) Biolistics

31. The complete set of chromosomal and extrachromosomal genes of an organisms is Answer:
called (A)
(A) Genome
(B) Gene pool
(C) Gene bank
(D) Gene library

32. The study of all the proteins coded by the genome is called Answer:
(A) Proteome (B)
(B) Proteomics
(C) Genome
(D) Protein formation

33. Sequencing of genomic DNA is included under Answer:

(A) Structural genomics (A)
(B) Functional genomics
(C) Proteomics
(D) Transgenesis

34. Gene expression, regulation and phenotype production are studied in second phase of Answer:
genome analysis called (B)
(A) Structural genomics
(B) Functional genomics
(C) Proteomics
(D) Transmeiosis

35. A flowering plant lily have ______ more DNA than humans Answer:
(A) 10 times (C)
(B) 15 times
(C) 18 times
(D) 13 times

36. In forensic science which of the following is used? Answer:

(A) Bacterial cloning (C)
(B) DNA foot printing
(C) DNA fingerprinting

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 (D) DNA cloning

37. DNA fingerprinting is based on Answer:

(A) Occurance of VNTR’s (A)
(B) Knowledge of human karyotype
(C) Cloned DNA
(D) Recombinant DNA

38. VNTRs represents- Answer:

(A) New terminal regions in DNA (D)
(B) Functional genes in the DNA
(C) Split genes in the sample DNA
(D) Specific non-coding sequences with unique tandem repeats

39. Which ones produce androgenic haploids in anther cultures? Answer:

(A) Anther wall (D)
(B) Tapetal layer of anther wall
(C) Connective tissue
(D) Young pollengrains

40. Variations observed during tissue culture of some plants are known as Answer:
(A) Clonal variations (C)
(B) Somatic variations
(C) Somaclonal variations
(D) Tissue culture variations

41. Virus free plants can be obtained through Answer:

(A) Anitibiotic treatment (D)
(B) Bordeaux micture
(C) Root tip culture
(D) Shoot tip culture

42. To raising of plants from a small tissue in culture is known as Answer:

(A) Macroproduction (B)
(B) Micropropagation
(C) Tissue culture
(D) Mass production

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43. Callus is Answer:
(A) Tissue that forms embryo (C)
(B) an insoluble carbohydrate
(C) Unorganised actively dividing mass of cells maintained in culture
(D) Tissue that growth to form embryoid

44. Biopatents are ______. Answer:

(A) Right to use invention (B)
(B) Right to use biological entities
(C) Right to use products
(D) Right to use process

45. African plant Pentadiplandra is used as______. Answer:

(A) Low calories sweetner (D)
(B) 2000 times sweeter agent
(C) Sweetner for diabetic patients
(D) All of these

46. Which organism was used as bioweapon derived from______. Answer:

(A) Clostridium (C)
(B) Yerstsinia pestis
(C) Fusarium species
(D) Green algae

47. A set standards used to regulate own or community activity in relation to biological Answer:
world is (D)
(A) Biopotency
(B) Biopiracy
(C) Biowar
(D) Bioethics

48. Biopiracy means Answer:

(A) Use of biopatents (D)
(B) Thefts of plants and animals
(C) Stealing of bioresources
(D) Exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission

49. Bioethcs is related to Answer:

(A) Preventing biopiracy

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 (B) Regulation of unethical activities likegene cloning in animals (B)
(C) Preventing theft of living materials
(D) Moral guidance to the problems in biology

50. Three dimensional shape of tRNA is Answer:

(A) L-shaped (B)
(B) Clover leaf-like
(C) X-shaped
(D) Y-shaped

51. A DNA nucleotide chain has AGCTTCGA sequence of other chain Answer: (a)
would be
(a) TCGAAGCT
(b) GCTAAGCT
(c) TAGCATAT
(d) GATCCTAG

52. A nucleoside is formed of Answer: (d)

(a) Pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
(b) phosphate and nitrogen base
(c) Pentose sugar and phosphate
(d) Pentose sugar and nitrogen base

53. A nucleotide is formed of Answer: (c)

(a) Purine, Pyrimidine and phosphate
(b) Purine, Sugar and phosphate
(c) Nitrogen base, Sugar and phosphate
(d) Pyrimidine, Sugar and phosphate

54. A riboside is Answer: (d)

(a) Base + phosphate
(b) Ribose + phosphate
(c) Ribose + phosphate + base
(d) Ribose + base

55. A segment of DNA has 120 adenine and 120 cytosine bases. The Answer: (d)
total number of nucleotides present in the segment is
(a) 120

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 (b) 240
(c) 60
(d) 480

56. A Strand of DNA has base sequence CATGACTAG. The base Answer: (b)
sequence on the other strand would be
(a) CAT TAG GAC
(b) GTA CTG ATC
(c) GAT GTC ATC
(d) TAC ACT GCT

57. A totipotent cell means Answer: (a)

(a) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into a system or
entire plant
(b) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into an organ
(c) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into complete
embryo
(d) Cell which lacks the capability differentiate into an organ or
system

58. Adenine is Answer: (a)

(a) Purine
(b) Pyrimidine
(c) Nucleoside
(d) Nucleotide

59. Amino acid binding site of tRNA is Answer: (d)

(a) 5’end
(b) Anticodon loop
(c) DHU loop
(d) -CCA 3’end

60. Anticodon occurs in Answer: (a)

(a) tRNA
(b) mRNA
(c) mtRNA
(d) rRNA

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61. Bacterial plasmid contains Answer: (c)
(a) RNA
(b) RNA + protein
(c) DNA
(d) Photosynthetic structures

62. Base pairs present in one turn of DNA are Answer: (c)
(a) 12
(b) 11
(c) 10
(d) 9

63. Best method to determine paternity is Answer: (d)

(a) Protein analysis
(b) Chromosome counting
(c) Gene counting
(d) DNA finger printing

64. Callus is Answer: (d)

(a) Tissue that forms embryo
(b) An insoluble carbohdrate
(c) Tissue that grows to form embryoid
(d) Unorganised actively dividing mass of cells maintained in
culture

65. Chemical Knives/ molecular scissors of DNA are Answer: (a)

(a) Restriction endonucleases
(b) Polymerases
(c) Ligases
(d)Transcriptases

66. Chemofusion and electrofusion are employed in Answer: (b)

(a) Eugenics
(b) Protoplast fusion
(c) Cloning
(d) Mutations

67. Choose the correct statement Answer: (c)

(a) DNA is hereditary material

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 (b) RNA is hereditary material
(c) DNA is hereditary material but where it is absent RNA can
function as hereditary material
(d) Both DNA and RNA are hereditary materials

68. Development of shoot and root in tissue culture is determined by Answer: (a)
(a) Cytokinin and auxin ratio
(b) Enzymes
(c) Temperature
(d) Plant nutrients

69. Distance between two base pairs of DNA is Answer: (d)

(a) 34 nm
(b) 3.4 nm
(c) 0.68 nm
(d) 0.34 nm

70. Distance between two strands of DNA is Answer: (b)

(a) 34 Å
(b) 20 Å
(c) 3.4 Å
(d) 340 Å

71. Distance between two successive nitrogenous bases or base pairs Answer: (b)
of DNA is
(a) 34 Å
(b) 3.4 Å
(c) 10 Å
(d) 5 Å

72. DNA and RNA are similar in having Answer: (c)

(a) Similar nucleotides
(b) Similar pyrimidines
(c) Similar purines
(d) Similar sugars

73. DNA and RNA show similarity in having Answer: (a)

(a) Polymers of nucleotides
(b) Similar pyrimidines

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 (c) Double strands
(d) Similar sugars

74. DNA does not occur in Answer: (b)

(a) Nucleus
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Plastids

75. DNA duplex shows Answer: (b)

(a) Right handed coiling and parallel
(b) Right handed coiling and antiparallel
(c) Left handed coiling and antiparallel
(d) Left handed coiling and parallel

76. DNA is composed of repeating units of Answer: (d)

(a) Ribonucleosides
(b) Deoxyribonucleosides
(c) Ribonucleotides
(d) Deoxyribonucleotides

77. DNA replication in eucaryotes commences Answer: (b)

(a) From both ends of a chromosome simultaneously
(b) Several sites along DNA of a chromosome simultaneously
(c) From centromere to either end
(d) From one end of chromosome to the other

78. DNA replication is Answer: (c)

(a) Conservative and discontinuous
(b) Semiconservative and semidiscontinuous
(c) Semiconservative and discontinuous
(d) Conservative

79. DNA resembles RNA as both have Answer: (a)

(a) Polymers of nucleotides
(b) Similar sugars
(c) Similar pyrimidine bases
(d) Ability to replicate

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80. DNA sequence is ATG. What would be the sequence of bases in Answer: (b)
anticodon of tRNA
(a) ATG
(b) AUG
(c) UAC
(d) TAC

81. DNA sequence is TAG. What shall be the sequence in anticodon of Answer: (a)
tRNA
(a) UAG
(b) ATC
(c) ATG
(d) UAC

82. DNA sequence of ATTCGATG is transcribed as Answer: (b)

(a) AUUCGAUG
(b) UAAGCUAC
(c) CAUCGAAU
(d) GUAGCUUA

83. DNA strand with nitrogen base sequence ATTGCC will have Answer: (a)
sequence in mRNA
(a) UAACGC
(b) ATCGCC
(c) ATTGCA
(d) AGGACC

84. Double chained DNA strand is made radioactive in both its chains. Answer: (b)
It is allowed to replicate twice in non-radioactive medium. The
result would be
(a) All strands have radioactivity
(b) Half the strands have radioactivity
(c) Three strands have radioactivity
(d) Radioactivity is absent in all strands

85. Double helical structure of DNA was proposed by Answer: (c)

(a) Kornberg
(b) Nirenberg
(c) Watson and Crick

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 (d) Wilkins and Franklin

86. Functional unit of gene that specifies synthesis of one polypeptide Answer: (b)
is
(a) Codon
(b) Cistron
(c) Recon
(d) Muton

87. Gene is segment of Answer: (b)

(a) RNA
(b) DNA
(c) RNA or DNA
(d) Both DNA and RNA

88. Genetically engineered bacteria are being used in commercial Answer: (c)
production of
(a) Melatonin
(b) Testoteron
(c) Human insuline
(d) Thyroxine

89. Haploid plant cultures are got from Answer: (c)

(a) Leaves
(b) Root tip
(c) Pollen grain
(d) Buds

90. Hydrogen bonds present between cytosine and guanosine are Answer: (b)
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 4

91. In a DNA molecule cytosine is 18%. Percentage of adenine would Answer: (a)
be
(a) 32%
(b) 64%
(c) 36%

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 (d) 18%

92. In AGCT of DNA hydrogen bonds and base pairings occur between Answer: (d)
(a) A-U, C-G
(b) A-C, G-T
(c) A-G,C-T
(d) A-T,C-G

93. In callus culture, roots can be induced by the supply of Answer: (b)
(a) Auxin and no cytokinin
(b) Higher concentration of auxin and lower concentration of
cytokinin
(c) Higher concentration of cytokinin and lower concentration of
auxin
(d) Both auxin and cytokinin in equal proportions.

94. In DNA, adenine pairs with Answer: (b)

(a) Guanine
(b) Thymine
(c) Cytosine
(d) Uracil

95. In DNA, guanine lies opposite Answer: (b)

(a) Uracil
(b) Cytosine
(c) Adenine
(d) thymine

96. In double helix of DNA, the two DNA strands are Answer: (a)
(a) Coiled around a common axis
(b) coiled around each other
(c) coiled differently
(d) Colied over protein sheath

97. In RNA, thymine is replaced by Answer: (d)

(a) Adenine
(b) Guanine
(c) Cytosine

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 (d) Uracil

98. In tissue / bacterial culture glassware and nutrients are sterilized Answer: (d)
through
(a) Water bath at 200° C
(b) Dry air oven at 200° C
(c) Dehumidifire
(d) Autoclave

99. In tissue culture, callus can be induced to form shoot or root by Answer: (a)
altering the ratio of
(a) Auxin to cytokinin
(b) Cytokinin to ethylene
(c) Auxin to gibberellin
(d) Gibberellin to cytokinin

100. Initiation codon of protein synthesis (in eucaryotes) is Answer: (d)

(a) GUA
(b) GCA
(c) CCA
(d) AUG

101. Introduction of foreign genes for improving genotype is Answer: (b)

(a) Tissue culture
(b) Immunisation
(c) Biotechnology
(d) Genetic engineering

102. It is now possible to breed plants and animals with desired Answer: (a)
characters through
(a) Genetic engineering
(b) Chromosome engineering
(c) Ikebana technique
(d) Bonsia technique

103. Most abundant RNA of the cell of Answer: (b)

(a) tRNA
(b) rRNA
(c) mRNA

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 (d) tRNA

104. Nitrogen bases of DNA are Answer: (c)

(a) ATUC
(b) UTGC
(c) ATGC
(d) AUGC

105. Nonsense codon takes part in Answer: (a)

(a) Terminating message of gene controlled protein synthesis
(b) Formation of unspecified amino acids
(c) Conversion of sense DNA into non-sense one
(d) Releasing tRNA from polypeptide chain

106. Nucleosides are Answer: (d)

(a) Sugar + Phosphoric acid
(b) Purine / Pyrimidine + Sugar + Phosphate
(c) Purine / Pyrimidine + Phosphoric acid
(d) Purine / Pyrimidine + Sugar

107. Nucleotides present in one turn of DNA helix Answer: (c)

(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 10
(d) 9

108. Okazaki segments are formed during Answer: (c)

(a) Transduction
(b) Transcription
(c) Replication
(d) Translation

109. Plants developed in vitro culture from pollen grains are Answer: (a)
(a) Androgenic plants
(b) Pollen plants
(c) Male plants
(d) Sterile plants

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110. Plasmids are vectors for gene cloning because they Answer: (a)
(a) Self replicate in bacterial cells
(b) Replicate freely outside bacterial cells
(c) Can be multiplied in culture
(d) Can be multiplied in laboratories using enzymes

111. Pomato is somatic Answer: (b)

(a) Poppy and Potato
(b) Potato and tomato
(c) Poppy and tamarind
(d) Poppy and Tomato

112. Preserving germplasm in frozen state is Answer: (a)

(a) Cryopreservation
(b) Cold storage
(c) In situ preservation
(d) Vernalisation

113. Protein helping in opening of DNA double helix in front of Answer: (a)
replication fork is
(a) DNA gyrase
(b) DNA Polymerase I
(c) DNA ligase
(d) DNA topoisomerase

114. Pyrimidine base present in RNA in place of thymine of DNA is Answer: (a)
(a) Uracil
(b) Adenine
(c) Cytosine
(d) Guanine

115. Restriction endonuclease is employed for cutting Answer: (b)

(a) A single stranded DNA
(b) Double stranded DNA
(c) RNA fragment
(d) mRNA

116. Restriction endonucleases are Answer: (d)

(a) Used in genetic engineering for uniting two DNA molecules

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 (b) Used for in vitro DNA synthesis
(c) Present in mammalian cells for degeneration of DNA of dead
cells
(d) Synthesised by bacteria for their defence

117. Restriction enzymes are used in genetic engineering because they Answer: (b)
(a) Can join DNA fragment
(b) Cut DNA at specific base sequence
(c) Cut DNA at variable sites
(d) Are proteolytic enzymes which degrade harmful proteins

118. Reverse transcriptase is Answer: (d)

(a) RNA dependent RNA polymerase
(b) DNA dependent RNA polymerase
(c) DNA dependent DNA polymerase
(d) RNA dependent DNA polymerase

119. RNA contains Answer: (b)

(a) Hexose
(b) Ribose
(c) Fructose
(d) Glucose

120. RNA does not possess Answer: (b)

(a) Uracil
(b) Thymine
(c) Adenine
(d) Cytosine

121. RNA that picks up specific amino acid from amino acid pool of Answer: (a)
cytoplasm to carry it to ribosome during protein synthesis is
(a) tRNA
(b) mRNA
(c) rRNA
(d) gRNA

122. Semiconservative DNA / Chromosome replication using 14N was Answer: (c)
demonstrated by
(a) Messelson

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 (b) Tylor
(c) Messelson and stahl
(d) Hershey and Chase

123. Similarity between DNA and RNA is that both have Answer: (d)
(a) Similar sugars
(b) Similar mode of replication
(c) Similar pyrimidines
(d) Polymers of nucleotides

124. Structure of DNA was given by Answer: (c)

(a) Kornberg
(b) Nirenberg
(c) Watson and Crick
(d) Holley and Nirenberg

125. Successive nucleotides are covalently linked through Answer: (b)

(a) Glycosidic bonds
(b) Phosphodiester bonds
(c) Hydrogen bonds
(d) Nitrogen bonds

126. Termination of polypeptide chain is brought about by Answer: (b)

(a) UUG, UAG and UCG
(b) UAA, UAG and UGA
(c) UUG, UGC and UCA
(d) UCG, GCG and ACC

127. The basic unit of a nucleic acid is Answer: (d)

(a) Pentose sugar
(b) Nucleoid
(c) Nucleoside
(d) Nucleotide

128. The codon for anticodon 3’ UUUA - 5’ is Answer: (a)

(a) 5’ AAAU- 3’
(b) 5’ UUUA- 3’
(c) 3’ UAAD- 5’

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 (d) 3’ AUUU- 5’

129. The common feature amongst nucleus, chloroplast and Answer: (b)
mitochondria is
(a) Lamellae
(b) DNA
(c) Cristae
(d) All the above

130. The enzyme taking part in joining two ends of DNA is Answer: (a)
(a) Ligase
(b) Polymerase
(c) Gyrase
(d) Helicase

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