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    Vocab - Animal Behavior

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    Valter Frias Mariano
    The passage discusses the social organization of ant colonies. It states that ant colonies are divided into queens, males, and workers, with each caste performing different functions. The queen's role is to lay eggs, while males do not work but receive food until mating. Workers are sterile females that perform tasks like foraging for food, nest construction, and caring for the queen and larvae. Only a small percentage of workers take on the higher-risk role of foraging outside the colony.

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    Vocab - Animal Behavior

    Uploaded by

    Valter Frias Mariano
    44 views3 pages
    The passage discusses the social organization of ant colonies. It states that ant colonies are divided into queens, males, and workers, with each caste performing different functions. The queen's role is to lay eggs, while males do not work but receive food until mating. Workers are sterile females that perform tasks like foraging for food, nest construction, and caring for the queen and larvae. Only a small percentage of workers take on the higher-risk role of foraging outside the colony.

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    VOCAB - ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

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    The passage discusses the social organization of ant colonies. It states that ant colonies are divided into queens, males, and workers, with each caste performing different functions. The queen's role is to lay eggs, while males do not work but receive food until mating. Workers are sterile females that perform tasks like foraging for food, nest construction, and caring for the queen and larvae. Only a small percentage of workers take on the higher-risk role of foraging outside the colony.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views3 pages

    Vocab - Animal Behavior

    Uploaded by

    Valter Frias Mariano
    The passage discusses the social organization of ant colonies. It states that ant colonies are divided into queens, males, and workers, with each caste performing different functions. The queen's role is to lay eggs, while males do not work but receive food until mating. Workers are sterile females that perform tasks like foraging for food, nest construction, and caring for the queen and larvae. Only a small percentage of workers take on the higher-risk role of foraging outside the colony.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    is"AlAe

    Ani rna
    behavior
    Read the words, definitions, and examp es. Use your dictionary to find additional word forms for each word.

    Word Definition Example

    migration (n) movement of animals or humans The term migration is used to describe the
    from one place to another movement of populations of butterflies,
    population (n) the people who live in a country, birds, or other animals.
    or the total number of animals in
    a region
    decline (v or n) decrease The number of bird species has declined
    habitat (n) natural home of a plant or animal because of changes in their natural
    habitat.
    climate (n) general weather conditions Rising temperatures due to climate
    trigger (v or n) cause change have triggered changes in
    migratory patterns.
    pattern (n) repeated or regular way in which 1
    something is done
    endangered (adj) may soon disappear Whales and polar bears are two examples
    extinct (n) does not exist any more of endangered species that are at risk of
    becoming extinct.

    h- pecies (n) ra related group of plants or


    animals
    Some species of insects such as ants and
    honey bees live together in groups known
    colony (n) group as colonies, where group members have
    -- - highly specialized functions.
    function (n or v) purpose, role
    mechanism (n) device, method Small fish have developed defence
    predatory (adj) killing and eating other animals mechanisms to avoid predatory fish
    such as sharks.
    herbivore (n) organism that eats only plants Giraffes are herbivores that live on a
    average (n or ad]) typical diet of leaves and eat an average of
    75 pounds of food a day.
    theory (n) an idea or set of ideas that tries to Darwin's theory of natural selection
    explain something explains why some genetic traits tend to
    17-ait (n) characterist ic survive while others do not.

    research (n or v) study Behavioral research on chimpanzees and


    contribute (to) (v) help other primates has contributed to our
    understanding of the human brain.

    32
    VOCABULARY: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

    Practice Exercises DICTIONARY SKILLS


    A Choose the words from the chart that best replace the words in italics. CD POWERED BY COBUILD

    Changes in animal numbers' can be caused" by lower temperatures. The suffix -yore indicates something
    connected with diet (from Latin
    a vorare-: to devour). Check your
    dictionary for the meaning of these
    Different types° of birds follow different traveling' patterns. words: herbivore, carnivore, omnivore
    a Adjectives can be made with -porous:
    herbivorous, carnivorous, omnivorous.
    Some animals have a genetic characteristic° that enables them to What is the meaning of voracious?
    change color as a protection" against hunters'.
    a
    Honey bees five in groups° called hives, where worker bees perform the role' of collecting food.
    a
    Many species of fish are at risk° due to overfishing and may become lost" if fishing is not restricted.
    a
    One idea° for the decline in the penguin population is the disappearance of ice fields, which are
    their natural environment".
    a
    Although pandas eat a typical amount° of 80 pounds of bamboo shoots a day, they are not
    vegetarian?, as they can also digest meat.
    a
    The study of color production methods° in animals can give° useful insights to modern science.
    a Ii
    B Complete the paragraph with the correct form of words from the chart. Use your dictionary to help you.

    Changes in Bird Migration


    Rising temperatures are causing a shift in the migratory ' of birds
    in North America, pushing them to 2 earlier in the year. This could
    3
    species that are not able to adapt successfully to
    change Recent shows that birds accelerated their schedule by an
    6
    of 08 days per degree Celsius of temperature increase. Some studies
    suggest that changes in 7 could 8 to population
    9
    putting many species at risk of 10

    STUDY TIP

    Read and listen to science- and medicine-related artides in the newspaper or online to keep up-to-date
    with the latest topics and to expand your vocabulary. For example, www.dsc.discovery.com has short
    videos on academic topics and www.nprorg has short stories on health, science, and other topics. As
    lectures are sometimes spoken in British or Australian English, it is also helpful to listen to news articles
    on the BBC (www.bbc.co.uk) or lectures on TED (www.ted.com).

    33
    VOCABULARY FOR THE TOEFL TEST

    Test Practice
    Read the passage and answer the questions.

    Social Organization of Ant Colonies


    Ant colonies are divided into queens, males, and workers. The job of the queen is to lay eggs. The males
    generally do not work, but receive food from the workers until it is time for them to mate. They die
    almost immediately after mating. Workers are sterile females. Instead of reproducing, they perform a
    variety of roles that benefit the colony. They forage for food, defend the colony from attack, construct the
    nest, and take care of the queen. Only a small percentage of worker ants are foragers They face greater
    risks as they are constantly exposed to external dangers from predators while hunting for food.

    1. The author mentions the queen, males, and workers in the passage in order to illustrate
    functions of ant colonies.
    types of ant colonies.
    functions of ants.
    types of reproduction.

    2. According to the paragraph, which of the following is NOT true about ant colonies?
    Each type of ant has a different function.
    Workers do not hunt for food.
    Males do not reproduce.
    Workers and queen ants are all female.

    3. The word forage in the passage Is closest in meaning to


    search. 0 carry.
    eat. 0 store.

    4. The word sterile in the passage is closest in meaning to


    inactive. 0 defensive.
    uncooperative. 0 infertile.

    5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence
    In the passage?
    Forager ants do not put their lives at risk when they hunt for food.
    The function of forager ants is to defend the colony from danger.
    Forager ants do not hunt for food unless they are safe from danger.
    Forager ants hunt for food despite facing constant danger outside the colony.

    TEST TIP: Reading section

    Look for words around the highlighted word to help you identify the meaning. Som
    a similar meaning can be found later in the same sentence or paragraph. For examp
    food... while huntine for food.

    34

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