Steam Power

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The spread of steam power

Introduction:
Steam power originally developed slowly over a period of several hundred years,
progressing through expensive limited devices in the early 17th century, until it
reached to actually practical applications at the beginning of the Industrial
Revolution. The steam engine was one of the most important technologies of the
Industrial Revolution. It was a simple device that used boiling water to create
mechanical motion to be utilized in useful work.
Stream engine
The steam engine was used in many industrial settings, especially mining, where
the first engines pumped water from deep workings. Early mills had run
successfully with water power, but by using a steam engine a factory could be
located anywhere, not just near water.
In 1775, James Watt formed an engine-building and engineering partnership with
the manufacturer Matthew Boulton. The partnership of Boulton and Watt became
one of the most important businesses of the Industrial Revolution and served as a
kind of creative technical center for much of the British economy. The partners
solved technical problems and spread the solutions to other companies.
The introduction of steam engines improved productivity and technology, and
allowed the creation of smaller and better engines. The steam engines found their
way to boats, railways, farms and road vehicles.

The steam powered railways


Britain was to pioneer the steam railway in the early 1800s and remain the world
leader in railway development for over 150 years.
The world’s first railway line was built in 1825 between the coalfields in
Darlington and the seaport of Stockton in north-east England. It combined two
innovations – the steam engine (formerly used to pump water from mines) and rail-
mounted mining trucks (formerly pulled by horses).
Before the Industrial Revolution, the journey from London to Edinburgh – just over
640 kilometers – took about 12 days by horse-drawn coach. By 1836, the travel
time had dropped to just under two days by train.
Steam locomotives
The first steam locomotive was built by English engineer Richard Trevithick in
1801. In 1804, he was the first person to drive a steam locomotive on the rails.
The first locomotive was invented by George Stephenson in 1829 and used for
commercial purposes. It was known as the Stephenson’s Rocket.

Historical term:
The Industrial Revolution: was the transition from hand production methods
towards machines to increase productivity. It started around 1760 and ended in
1840. This turning point is responsible for an increase in population.

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