The Adventure Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
‘That is, assuming that in this world there existed someone called Rajendra Deshpande!’
Why does Professor Gaitonde feel so?
Answer:
Professor Gaitonde had gone through a strange and a harrowing experience. He had been
literally transported into an alternative universe. In the alternative world the reality was very
different. History had altered its course. Now back into the real world Professor Gaitonde,
as a historian felt he would go to a big library and browse through history books and would
return to Pune and have a long talk with Rajendra Deshpande, to help him understand what
had happened. After the queer happening, he was unsure about the reality and wondered if
Rajendra Deshpande existed.
Question 2.
What were the things that Professor Gaitonde noticed as the train entered the British Raj
territory?
Answer:
As the train touched Sarhad, from where the British Raj began, an Anglo-Indian in uniform
went through the train checking permits. The blue carriages of the train carried the letters
GBMR on the side an acronym for ‘Greater Bombay Metropolitan Railway’. There was the
tiny Union Jack painted on each carriage as a . reminder that they were in British territory.
As the train stopped at its destination, Victoria Terminus, the station looked remarkably
neat and clean. The staff was mostly made up of Anglo-Indians and Parsees along with a
handful of British officers.
Question 3.
Where was Khan Sahib going? How did he intend to reach there?
Answer:
Khan Sahib was going to Peshawar. After the train reached Victoria Terminus he would take
the Frontier Mail out of Central,-the same night. From Bombay he would go to Delhi, then to
Lahore and then Peshawar. It would be a long journey and he would reach Peshawar two
days later.
Question 4.
What was the strange reality that Professor Gaitonde saw as he stepped out of the station?
Answer:
As Professor Gaitonde came out of the station, he saw an impressive building. The letters
on it revealed that it was the East India headquarters of the East India Company. He was
shocked as it was supposed to have had stopped operating soon after the events of 1857
but here it was flourishing.
Question 5.
What came as the biggest blow to Professor Gaitonde?
Answer:
Professor Gaitonde was shocked to see the East India Company flourishing, a different set
of shops and office buildings at Hornby Road. But when he turned right along Home Street
and entered Forbes building, a greater shock awaited him. He asked for his son Mr Vinay
Gaitonde but the English receptionist, looked through the telephone list, the staff list and
then through the directory of employees of all the branches of the firm but could not find
anyone of that name.
Question 6.
What did Professor Gaitonde decide to do when the reality that he was living seemed very
strange?
Answer:
When Professor Gaitoride saw unfamiliar sights and felt that he was reliving history he was
very surprised but not finding his son as an employee in Forbes baffled him completely. He
decided to go to the library of the Asiatic Society to solve the riddle of history. So he made
his way to the Town Hall.
Question 7.
What books did he browse through in the library? What did he discover?
Answer:
In the Town Hall library, he asked for a list of history books including his own. When he got
the five volumes, he started looking through them from the beginning. Volume one dealt
with the history up to the period of Ashoka, volume two up to Samudragupta, volume three
up to Mohammad Ghori, and volume four up to the death of Aurangzeb. This was history as
he had known. However in the last (fifth) volume, history had taken a different turn during
the Battle of Panipat. The book mentioned that the Marathas won it handsomely and Abdali
was chased back to Kabul by the triumphant Maratha army led by Sadashivrao Bhau and his
nephew, the young Vishwasrao.
Question 8.
How did the victory of the Peshwas in the Battle of Panipat help them?
Answer:
The victory in the battle was not only successful in building their confidence tremendously
but it also established the supremacy of the Marathas in northern India. The East India
Company, watching these events temporarily deferred its plan to spread out further. For the
Peshwas the immediate result was that the influence of Bhausaheb and Vishwasrao
increased and Vishwarao succeeded his father in 1780 A.D. The rabble-rouser, Dadasaheb,
had to retire from state politics.
Question 9.
What was the effect of the victory of the Peshwas on the East India Company?
Answer:
The East India Company was alarmed when the new Maratha ruler, Vishwasrao, and his
brother, Madhavrao, expanded their influence all over India. The Company was limited to
pockets of influence near Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. However, in the nineteenth century
the Marathas were aware of the importance of the technological age starting in Europe.
Hence when they set up their own centres for science and technology, the East India
Company saw another chance to extend its influence, it offered support and experts. But
they were accepted only to make the local centres self-sufficient.
Question 10.
What was the final outcome of the Peshwas?
Answer:
During the twentieth century, inspired by the West, India moved towards a democracy. By
then, the Peshwas had lost their enterprise and democratically elected bodies slowly but
surely replaced them. The Sultanate at Delhi survived even this change because it exerted
no real influence. The Shahenshah of Delhi was a nominal head to rubber-stamp the
‘recommendations’ made by the central parliament.
Question 11.
Gangadharpant began to appreciate the India he had seen. Why was it so?
Answer:
After reading this new history, Gangadharpant was pleased at the India he had seen, it was
a country that had not been subjected to slavery of the white man; it had leamt to stand on
its feet and knew what self-respect was. From a position of strength and for purely
commercial reasons, it had allowed the British to retain Bombay as the sole outpost on the
subcontinent.
Question 12.
How had the Marathas won the battle?
Answer:
After reading about the consequences of the battle Gangadharpant felt that his
investigations were incomplete. To find the answer he went through the books and journals
before him. At last, among the books he found one that gave him the clue. It was
‘Bhausahebanchi Bakhar’. He found a three-line account of how close Vishwasrao had
come to being killed. However God had been merciful. The bullet brushed past his ear and
he was saved by inches.
Question 13.
What did he take with him absentmindedly from the library? How did it help him?
Answer:
At eight o’clock the librarian politely reminded the Professor that the library was closing for
the day. Before Gangadharpant left he shoved some notes into his right pocket.
Absentmindedly, he also shoved the ‘Bakhar’ into his left pocket. It helped the Professor
convince Rajendra that the story was not a figment of his imagination. He produced this as
a very important piece of evidence.
Question 14.
What happened did Professor Gaitonde see in the Azad Maidan?
Answer:
In the Azad Maidan, the Professor found a multitude of people moving towards a pandal to
listen to a lecture. As the lecture was in progress, people kept coming and going. But
Professor Gaitonde stared at the platform, he noticed that the presidential chair was empty.
Like a piece of iron attracted to a magnet, he swiftly moved towards the chair.
Question 15.
What happened when Professor Gaitonde went ahead to occupy the chair on the dais?
Answer:
When Professor Gaitonde went ahead to occupy the chair on the dais, the audience
protested vehemently. Professor Gaitonde went to the mike to give his views but the
audience was in no mood to listen. However, he kept on talking and soon became a target
for a shower of tomatoes, eggs and other objects. Finally, the audience rushed to throw him
out bodily but he was nowhere to be seen.
Question 16.
‘… facts can be stranger than fantasies, as I am beginning to realise.’ Why did Rajendra say
this?
Answer:
Rajendra had thought that Professor’s mind was playing tricks on him till Gangadharpant
produced his own copy of ‘Bhausahebanchi Bakhar’, where the account of the war stated
that Vishwasrao was hit by the bullet. He then produced the other evidence in the form of a
document that he had inadvertently picked up from the Professor Gaitonde’s library.
Rajendra was confused when he saw this material evidence. He then admitted that his
experience had not been just a fantasy. He realized that facts could be stranger than fiction.
Question 17.
How did Rajendra explain ‘reality’?
Answer:
Rajendra said that reality was what we experience directly with our senses or indirectly via
instruments. It may not be unique as has been found from experiments on atoms and their
constituent particles. Physicists discovered that the behaviour of these systems couldn’t be
predicted definitively even if all the physical laws governing those systems are known.
Question 18.
How did Rajendra relate the lack of determinism in quantum theory to the Professor’s
experience?
Answer:
Rajendra said that the path of an electron fired from a source cannot be determined as in
one world the electron is found here, in another it is over there. Once the observer finds
where it is, we know which world we are talking about. But all those alternative worlds could
exist just the same. Similarly, catastrophic situations offer radically different alternatives for
the world to proceed. It seems that so far as reality is concerned all alternatives are viable
but the observer can experience only one of them at a time.
Question 19.
How did Professor Gaitonde make the transition from one reality to the other?
Answer:
Rajendra admitted that there are many unsolved questions in science and this Professor
Gaitonde’s transition was one of them. But he guessed that since one needs some
interaction to cause a transition, at the time of the collision he must have been thinking
about the catastrophe theory and its role in wars. Perhaps he was wondering about the
Battle of Panipat and the neurons in his brain acted as a trigger.

The Adventure Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe the observations made by the Professor as he entered the alternative universe.
Answer:
Professor Gaitonde was shocked when the train stopped beyond the long tunnel at a small
station called Sarhad. An Anglo-Indian in uniform was checking the train permits.
Then the train passed through the suburban rail traffic. The blue carriages carried the
letters, GBMR, on the side that stood for ‘Greater Bombay Metropolitan Railway’. There was
a tiny Union Jack painted on each carriage as a gentle reminder that they were in British
territory. The station at Victoria Terminus looked impeccably neat and clean. The staff
comprised mostly of Anglo-Indians and Parsees along with a handful of British officers.
Coming out of the station, he found himself facing an imposing building. It was the office of
the East India Company. As he walked along Homby Road, as it was called, he found a
different set of shops and office buildings. There was no Handloom House building.
Instead, there were Boots and Woolworth departmental stores, imposing offices of Lloyds,
Barclays and other British banks, as in a typical high street of a town in England.
The greatest shock that awaited was when he entered Forbes building and wished to meet
his son, Mr Vinay Gaitonde. The receptionist searched through the telephone list, the staff
list and then through the directory of employees of all the branches of the firm and finally
shook her head and said, that nobody of that name was either there or any of their
branches.
Question 2.
Write a detailed account of the different history that Professor Gaitonde read in the fifth
volume of the book in the library.
Answer:
The book mentioned that the Marathas won Battle of Panipat. Abdali was chased back to
Kabul by the victorious .Maratha army led by Sadashivrao Bhau and his nephew, the young
Vishwasrao. As a consequence the Marathas gained a great deal of confidence and
established their supremacy in northern India. The East India Company, watching these
developments, temporarily postponed its expansionist programme. This increased the
influence of Bhausaheb and Vishwasrao who succeeded his father to the throne in 1780
A.D.
The troublemaker, Dadasaheb, was pushed to the background and he ultimately left state
politics. Vishwasrao and his brother, Madhavrao, combined political insight with courage
and expanded their influence all over India. The Company’s influence was limited only to
areas near Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. For political reasons, the Peshwas kept the
puppet Mughal regime alive in Delhi.
In the nineteenth century the Peshwas realized the importance of the technological age and
set up their own centres for science and technology. They accepted East India Company’s
help only to make the local centres self-sufficient. In the twentieth century India moved
towards a democracy. The Peshwas had lost their enterprise and democratically elected
bodies gradually replaced them. The Sultanate at Delhi was just a nominal head to
rubberstamp recommendations made by the central parliament.
Question 3.
What was the difference in the actual events of the Battle of Panipat and the ones reported
in the alternative universe?
Answer:
Professor Gaitonde wanted to look for accounts of the battle itself, so he went through the
books and journals before him. At last, he found ‘Bhausahebanchi Bakhar’. There he found
account of how close Vishwasrao had come to being killed but the ‘merciful’ God had saved
him. A shot had brushed past his ear and he had missed death by inches. However, in this
world in which Gaitonde had written his volumes of history, ‘Bhausahebanchi Bakhar’
reported that Vishwasrao had died fighting. God had ‘expressed His displeasure. He was hit
by the bullet’. The entire history seemed to have changed radically.
Question 4.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Panipat in the alternative universe?
Answer:
Their victory increased the morale of the Marathas. The East India Company temporarily
shelved its expansionist programme. The Peshwas expanded their influence all over India.
The Company was reduced to pockets of influence near Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. The
Peshwas kept the puppet Mughal regime alive in Delhi. With the dawn of the technological
age in Europe, they set up their own centres for science and technology.
The East India Company saw another opportunity to extend its influence but its aid and
experts were accepted only to make the local centres self-sufficient. The twentieth century
brought about further changes inspired by the West, India moved towards a democracy and
democratically elected bodies replaced the Peshwas. After reading this, Professor Gaitonde
began to appreciate that India because it had not been subjected to slavery of the white
man; it had learnt to stand on its feet and knew what self-respect was. From a position of
strength and for purely commercial reasons, it had allowed the British to remain.
Question 5.
Describe the scene that transported Professor Gaitonde to the alternative universe.
Answer:
Professor Gaitonde, after a frugal meal, set out for a stroll towards the Azad Maidan. There
he saw a pandal where a lecture was to take place. Professor Gaitonde walked towards the
pandal and noticed that on the platform the presidential chair was unoccupied. Drawn to
the stage like a magnet, he quickly moved towards the chair.
The speaker stopped in mid-sentence, too shocked to continue. But the audience shouted
at him. When he insisted on talking he became a target for a shower of tomatoes, eggs and
other objects. But he kept on trying bravely to correct this blasphemy. Finally, the audience
crowded on the stage to throw him out. And, in the crowd Gangadharpant was nowhere to
be seen.
Question 6.
‘But we live in a unique world which has a unique history.’ Why did the Professor say so?
Answer:
Rajendra tried to rationalize Professor Gaitonde’s experience on the basis of two scientific
theories known today. He had passed through a catastrophic experience. He applied it to
the Battle of Panipat. The Maratha army was facing Abdali’s troops on the field of Panipat.
There was no great disparity between the latter’s troops and the opposing forces. So, a lot
depended on the leadership and the morale of the troops.
In the history known to us Vishwasrao, the son of and heir to the Peshwa, was killed.
This proved to be the turning pointing in the battle. Whether Bhausaheb was killed in battle
or survived is not known. The soldiers lost their morale and fighting spirit and were
defeated. However, in the alternative universe the bullet missed Vishwasrao, and it boosted
the morale of the army and provided just that extra force that made all the difference.
Professor Gaitonde felt comparable statements are made about the Battle of Waterloo,
which Napoleon could have won. But all this is assumption. We live in a inimitable world
which has a distinctive history. This idea of ‘it might have been’ is not acceptable for reality.
Question 7.
How did Rajendra explain Professor Gaitonde’s experience by linking it to ‘the lack of
determinism in quantum theory’?
Answer:
Rajendra felt that reality might not be unique as has been found from experiments on atoms
and their constituent particles. The behaviour of these systems cannot be predicted
definitively even if all the physical. laws governing those systems are known. The course
taken by an electron fired from a source cannot be asserted. This is the theory of the lack of
determinism in the quantum theory. Similarly, in one world the electron is found here, in
another it is over there.
In yet another world it could be in a completely different location. Once the observer finds
where it is, we know which world we are talking about. But all those alternative worlds could
exist just the same. The electron could be orbiting in any of a large number of specified
states. These states may be used to identify the world. In state no. 1 we have the electron in
a state of higher energy.
Instate no. 2 it is in a state of lower energy. It could make a jump from high to low energy
and send out a pulse of radiation. Or a pulse of radiation could knock it out of state no. 2
into state no. 1. Such transitions are common in microscopic systems. If it happened on a
macroscopic level people could make a transition from one world to another and back
again.
In which train did the professor travel? 
Ans: The professor took the Jijamata Express between Pune and Bombay.

3. What was the first stop during his journey? 

Ans: The first stop was the city of Lonavala, which arrived in 40 minutes.

4. Who was Khan-Sahib? 

Ans: Khan-Sahib was a fellow traveler on the professor's train ride to
Bombay.

5. What does Khan Sahib answer when the professor asked him how he
would go to Peshawar? 
Ans: Khan Sahib informed the professor that he would take the Frontier Mail
out of Central instead of the Victoria Terminus.

B. Short Answer Questions: (2 Marks)

1. Why did professor Gangadhar go inside the Forbes building? 
Ans: The professor entered the Forbes building to meet with his son Vinaya.
He was astounded to see that his son's name was neither on the phone list
or in the personnel directory. He had not expected his son's existence to be
so hazy.

2. Who was Professor Gaitonde? What did he plan in Bombay?

Ans: Professor Gaitonde, also known as Gangadharpant, was a historian who
published five books on the subject. His investigation was ongoing.
Meanwhile, on his way to Bombay, he decided to visit a large library and
peruse historical books to learn about the current condition of events.

3. What things were the professor looked for in the history books? 
Ans: The professor was interested in learning how the Marathas won the
Battle of Panipat. He discovered a hint to his answer in the historical books
known as Bakhars. The explanation stated that Vishwarao narrowly avoided
being hit by a bullet, which motivated the Maratha Army to battle fearlessly. 

4. What was the reason behind the professor canceling his thousandth
address? 
Ans: The professor informed the Panipat seminar organizers that he would
be unable to meet his pledge due to an incident at the Azad Maidan in which
the mob refused to listen to him and threw eggs and tomatoes at him.

5. In the Town Hall Library, in volume five of the history book related to
India, what was the precise point where history had taken a different
turn? 
Ans: The page that chronicled the Battle of Panipat was the precise point in
history where history had taken a different direction. According to the book,
the Marathas defeated Abdali, led by Sadashivrao and young Vishwasrao.
After being soundly defeated, Abdali was forced to return to Kabul.

C. Short Answer Questions: (3 Marks)

1. How was Bakhar‟s account of the Battle of Panipat different from
what was written in other history books? 
Ans: In all historical texts, the Maratha army was said to have lost the battle
because Vishwasrao was injured by a bullet, which destroyed the army's
spirit. However, the professor's copy of the Bakhar had something different
written on it. It was mentioned that Vishwasrao nearly escaped the bullet as
it brushed by his ear.

2. What points did Rajendra make while explaining the mystery of

reality? 
Ans: The phrase "absence of determination in quantum theory" translates as
"we generally experience reality directly with our senses." However, what we
see is not the complete picture. Using an electron as an example, we may
demonstrate this. When fired from a source, it can go in any direction,
defying all physical laws.” Rajendra Prasad states that the professor has
transitioned from one universe he is familiar with to another that may or
may not exist. One can make observations, but one can also assume that
alternate realities exist.

3. What experience did professor Gaintonde have when he reached a

small station Sarhad? 
Ans: It was Gandhadhar's or Professor Gaitonde's first visit to the new
Bombay. All of the blue carriages in the city were emblazoned with the words
"Greater Bombay Metropolitan Railway" and a miniature "Union Jack." An
Anglo-Indian was inspecting the passengers' train permits and felt as if he
had entered British territory.

4. What did the professor experience at the meeting in Azad Maidan? 

Ans: When the professor arrived at Azad Maidan, a lecture was in progress,
and a presidential chair was vacant, which he quietly occupied. The audience
objected to him sitting on the chair since it was symbolic, and they
complained. And as soon as the professor began to address the audience, he
was physically removed from the dais.

5. What does “Adventure” mean for Jayant Narlikar? 

Ans: Professor Gangadhar Pant's adventure was neither genuine nor
physical. His occupation was that of a historian. He pondered what may have
happened if the Marathas had lost the Battle of Panipat. When he was asleep
for two days, he visited the new Bombay and had a painful experience on
Azad Maidan.

D.Long Answer Questions: (5 Marks)

1. Write in brief the journey of Gangadharpant by train from Pune to
Bombay. 
Ans: Gangadharpant, also known as Professor Gaitonde, took the train from
Pune to Bombay. He boarded the Jijamata Express, which made its first stop
in Lonavala. He'd seen the ghat part before. And it came to a halt at Karjat
before continuing at a faster pace than the train that passed through Kalyan.
He made a list of things to do in Bombay. He was a professional historian
who published five books of history. On the train, he intended to visit a large
library and read history books to learn how the current condition of affairs
came to be. He intended to travel to Pune to meet with Rajendra Deshpande.
The train came to a halt beyond the long tunnel. Sarhad was the name of a
minor station. An Anglo-Indian in uniform checked permissions on the train.

2. How Rajendra Deshpande applied the theory of catastrophic

experience concerning the Battle of Panipat?
Ans: Gangadhar told Rajendra about his experience at the Azad Maidan
meeting, which left him in a coma for two days due to an accident. As he
returned to the world he was used to. He inquired of Rajendra as to where
he had spent those days. He admitted that he was thinking about the
catastrophic theory and how it might have altered the path of history
immediately before the crash. Rajendra generated a page from his Bakhar to
demonstrate that his mind was functioning normally. The page in question
indicated that Vishwasrao did not avoid the bullet; rather, he was struck and
killed by it. It was just different from what he had read in his history book.
And he wanted to be well-versed in the details.

3. Describe the Professor‟s experience at Town Hall library. 

Ans: Professor Gaitonde paid a visit to Bombay's Town Hall Library. He
searches for the five books of history he wrote. He realizes that there has
been no change in history since Aurangzeb's death. However, there was a
change in the last volume. So he flipped to the page where the alteration
occurred. The Maratha Army had defeated Abdali in the Battle of Panipat. He
reads that the gallant Maratha Army was headed up by the young
Vishwasrao, and that since then, India has been at war. All of it was written
by him. The East India Company's strength and plans were weakened as a
result of the Maratha victory. Its influence was limited to the region of
Bombay. The Peshwas required British assistance at their scientific and
technology centers in the nineteenth century. They provided an opportunity
for the corporation to grow its impact. Then came democracy. The professor
couldn't help but draw parallels between the country he knew and what he
was seeing around him.
4. What explanation did Rajendra give on the concept of reality with the
example of the movement of an electron? 
Ans: When the Professor contacted Rajendra Deshpande, he attempted to
explain the professor's experiences using two scientific theories. He felt that
the Gangadhar went through a weird disastrous experience, which led him to
assume that the moment Vishwas Rao was killed in the Battle of Panipat was
a turning point in which the Marathas lost their morale and spirit to fight,
causing the Maratha Army to lose the battle. Rajendra then applied the
second reality hypothesis. He says that reality is not only what one perceives
directly with one's senses, but that it can also take different forms. He
referred to the “lack of determinism in quantum theory,” which explains why
the electron may not move in accordance with scientific rules. It can be
discovered in several locations, and each is actual, which occurs as a result of
a transition. The professor felt the same way about the present and the
prospects.

5. Write in gist about the lesson “The Adventure”. 

Ans: “The Adventure” is a narrative about a professor named Gangadharpant
Gaitonde who appears to be in a weird and completely different universe. He
takes the "Jijamata Express" train from Pune to Bombay. When he arrives in
Bombay, though, he discovers that everything is considerably different from
what he is used to. Surprisingly, he discovers that the East India Company
was not disbanded during the events of 1857. It was still present and doing
brisk business throughout the city. He chooses to conduct a historical fact-
finding mission. During his study, he discovers the astounding revelation that
the Marathas won the Battle of Panipat. In reality, Professor Gangadharpant
Gaitonde was involved in a car accident with a vehicle. As a result, he had
remained unconscious for two days and his mind had wandered in a
completely different universe away from reality and the actual historical facts
that he knew or had studied

Page Number: 69
Understanding the text
I. Tick the statements that are true.
1. The story is an account of real events.
Answer:
False
2. The story hinges on a particular historical event.
Answer:
True 
3. Rajendra Deshpande was a historian.
Answer:
False
4. The places mentioned in the story are all imaginary.
Answer:
False
5. The story tries to relate history to science.
Answer:
True
II. Briefly explain the following statements from the text.
1. “You neither travelled to the past nor the future. You were in the present
experiencing a different world.”
Answer:
“You did not travel to the past or the future. You were in the present, but you were in a
different world.” These words were spoken by Rajendra Deshpande while attempting to
explain his strange experience to Professor Gaitonde. When the professor was involved
in an accident, he began to reflect on the Battle of Panipat and the consequences that
occurred in his life. His thoughts wandered between what we know about history and
what might have been. The professor was experiencing two worlds at the same time by
thinking. According to the same theory, there must be many more different worlds
emerging from unrealistic thoughts.
2. “You have passed through a fantastic experience: or more correctly, a catastrophic
experience.”
Answer:
“You’ve had a fantastic experience, or, more accurately, a catastrophic experience.”
Professor Gaitonde was told by Rajendra Deshpande that he had an exciting experience.
He claimed that we lived in a one-of-a-kind world with a one-of-a-kind history.
Gangadhar Pant’s mind jumped to another world as a result of the accident, which was
unrealistic. History took a different turn in that world after the Marathas won the Battle
of Panipat. Rajendra explained this using the catastrophic theory, which holds that
reality is full of misinterpretations.
3. Gangadharpant could not help comparing the country he knew with what he was
witnessing around him.
Answer:
“Gangadhar Pant couldn’t help but compare his home country to what he was seeing
around him.” Gangadhar Pant witnessed two different perspectives on the same reality,
albeit one at a time, during his extraordinary experience. The India he knew was
described in history books as the result of the 1761 Battle of Panipat, in which the
Marathas were defeated. The other India he saw was the result of the Marathas’ victory
in the battle. In this version, he saw India as a prosperous country that can meet its own
needs.
4. “The lack of determinism in quantum theory!”
Answer:
Quantum theory’s lack of determinism. If a bullet is fired from a gun in a specific
direction at a specific speed, one can predict where it will end up, but the same cannot
be said for an electron. When an electron is emitted by a source, it can come from
anywhere. This is due to quantum theory’s lack of determinism. According to this
theory, reality is never one-sided. At the same time, alternate worlds may exist.
5. “You need some interaction to cause a transition.”
Answer:
To cause a transition, some interaction is required. According to Rajendra Deshpande,
Professor Gaintonde made a change as a result of the interaction that occurred in the
professor’s mind at the time of the collision. The professor was thinking about
catastrophic theory and its role in wars at the time of the collision. He was thinking
about the Battle of Panipat and its aftermath. The transition was caused by the
interaction in his brain.
Thinking about language
1. In which language do you think Gangadharpant and Khan Sahib talked to each
other? Which language did Gangadharpant use to talk to the English receptionist?
Answer:
Gangadharpant and Khan Sahib communicated in Marathi, and they used a translator to
communicate with the English-speaking receptionist.
2. In which language do you think Bhausahebanchi Bakhar was written?
Answer:
Bhausahebanchi Bakhar was written in Maratha language.
3. There is mention of three communities in the story: the Marathas, the Mughals, the
Anglo-Indians. Which language do you think they used within their communities and
while speaking to the other groups?
Answer:
When they spoke to each other, they used their traditional slang, but when they spoke to
other groups, they used the language that is understood by people from all three
communities.
4. Do you think that the ruled always adopt the language of the ruler?
Answer:
Write your answer.
Working with words
I. Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrases.
1. to take issue with
(i) to accept
(ii) to discuss
(iii) to disagree
(iv) to add
Answer:
(iii) to disagree
2. to give vent to
(i) to express
(ii) to emphasise
(iii) suppress
(iv) dismiss
Answer:
(i) to express
3. to stand on one’s feet
(i) to be physically strong
(ii) to be independent
(iii) to stand erect
(iv) to be successful
Answer:
(ii) to be independent
4. to be wound up
(i) to become active
(ii) to stop operating
(iii) to be transformed
(iv) to be destroyed
Answer:
(ii) to stop operating
5. to meet one’s match
(i) to meet a partner who has similar tastes
(ii) to meet an opponent
(iii) to meet someone who is equally able as oneself
(iv) to meet defeat
Answer:
(iii) to meet someone who is equally able as oneself
II. Distinguish between the following pairs of sentences.
1. (i) He was visibly moved.
(ii) He was visually impaired.
Answer:
i. In a way that can be noticed.
ii. Related to one’s seeing or appearance
2. (i) Green and black stripes were used alternately.
(ii) Green stripes could be used or alternatively black ones.
Answer:
i. Occur in turn repeatedly
ii. As an option or possibility
3. (i) The team played the two matches successfully.
(ii) The team played two matches successively.
Answer:
i. Achieving aim or result
ii. Immediately one after another
4. (i) The librarian spoke respectfully to the learned scholar.
(ii) You will find the historian and the scientist in the archaeology and natural science
sections of the museum respectively.
Answer:
i. With deference and respect
ii. Separately or individually and in the order already mentioned.