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    Reading Activit Level 1 Semester 1

    Uploaded by

    ghaleb alhaidary
    1) People have been donating blood since the early 20th century to help patients undergoing surgery or who have been in accidents. A donated pint of blood is separated into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood for red blood cells about once every two months. 2) The process of transfusing donated blood involves extracting it from the donor's vein via syringe and transferring it through tubing to a collection bag, then connecting the recipient and allowing it to flow in over about 2 hours. Precautions are taken to ensure the blood does not become infected or contaminated. 3) While negative reactions can occur, modern hospitals and blood banks rigorously

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    Reading Activit Level 1 Semester 1

    Uploaded by

    ghaleb alhaidary
    99 views3 pages
    1) People have been donating blood since the early 20th century to help patients undergoing surgery or who have been in accidents. A donated pint of blood is separated into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood for red blood cells about once every two months. 2) The process of transfusing donated blood involves extracting it from the donor's vein via syringe and transferring it through tubing to a collection bag, then connecting the recipient and allowing it to flow in over about 2 hours. Precautions are taken to ensure the blood does not become infected or contaminated. 3) While negative reactions can occur, modern hospitals and blood banks rigorously

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    1) People have been donating blood since the early 20th century to help patients undergoing surgery or who have been in accidents. A donated pint of blood is separated into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood for red blood cells about once every two months. 2) The process of transfusing donated blood involves extracting it from the donor's vein via syringe and transferring it through tubing to a collection bag, then connecting the recipient and allowing it to flow in over about 2 hours. Precautions are taken to ensure the blood does not become infected or contaminated. 3) While negative reactions can occur, modern hospitals and blood banks rigorously

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    99 views3 pages

    Reading Activit Level 1 Semester 1

    Uploaded by

    ghaleb alhaidary
    1) People have been donating blood since the early 20th century to help patients undergoing surgery or who have been in accidents. A donated pint of blood is separated into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood for red blood cells about once every two months. 2) The process of transfusing donated blood involves extracting it from the donor's vein via syringe and transferring it through tubing to a collection bag, then connecting the recipient and allowing it to flow in over about 2 hours. Precautions are taken to ensure the blood does not become infected or contaminated. 3) While negative reactions can occur, modern hospitals and blood banks rigorously

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Reading Activity 1

    Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

    People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients
    underground surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into
    platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about
    once every two months.
    5 Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood
    from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to
    a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting.
    When the blood is given to a patient, aplastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipien
    t’s arm.The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as

    10 long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from
    being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this
    helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease-causing bacteria.
    Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be
    sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red-cell incompatibility.
    15 Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, other causes of such negative
    reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system
    through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.
    Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All do
    nated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV (which causes AIDS), hepatitis
    20 B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to
    eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets are
    removed.
    Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol
    solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerol is removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has
    been a boon to human health.

    1- Choose the correct answer:


    1. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “donating” in line 1?
    (A) Adorning (B) Giving (C) Taking (D) Distributing

    2. In line 2, the word “it” refers to


    (A) Accident victims (B) surgical procedures (C) a pint of whole blood (D) surgery patients

    3. According to the passage, how often can people donate blood for red blood cells?
    (A) Every four months (B) Every three months (C) Every two months (D) Every month

    4. Where in the passage is the best place for the following sentence? Inserting the needle into the
    recipient’s arm causes little pain.
    (A) After the last sentence in the first paragraph (B) After the word “syringe” in paragraph 2
    (C) After the word “arm” in paragraph 3 (D) after the word “transfusion” in paragraph 3
    5. Which sentence in paragraph 2 explains how clotting is prevented in the blood container?
    (A) The first sentence (B) The second sentence (C) The third sentence (D) None of the above.

    6. All of the following are mentioned as potential negative reactions to transfusions EXCEPT:
    (A) Allergies (B) red-cell incompatibility
    (C) Air bubbles in the blood (D) sensitivity to donor leukocytes

    7. What answer choice is closest in meaning to the word “undetected” in line 14?
    (A) Not wanted (B) Not captured (C) Not found (D) Not illustrated

    8. Look at the phrase “go to great lengths to screen” in paragraph 5, lines 18. Choose the word that has
    the same meaning.
    (A) Routinely (B) Rigorously (C) Irradiated (D) Removed

    9. Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about blood transfused to infants and
    newborns?
    (A) It is as rigorously tested as blood for adults. (B) It is treated with radiant energy.
    (C) It is not treated differently from adults. (D) It is not dangerous for children.

    10. What does the author imply in the passage?


    (A) Transfusing blood is a dangerous process. (B) Storing blood benefits mankind.
    (C) Clotting cannot be prevented. (D) Freezing blood destroys platelets.

    Best wishes
    Mr.Ghaleb

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