Conduction Heat Transfer Through Plane Walls: Sukris Tri Cahyono F14104027
Conduction Heat Transfer Through Plane Walls: Sukris Tri Cahyono F14104027
Conduction Heat Transfer Through Plane Walls: Sukris Tri Cahyono F14104027
A. INTRODUCTION
A heat transfer situation in which time is not a factor is designed as steady
state. The consideration of heat transfer where time is not considered affords some
simplification in the analysis. The governing equation for steady state conduction
with internal generation is:
q
2T 0
k
Where :
2T = 0
Both of the above apply toan isotropic medium that is one whose properties do
not vary with direction, physical properties are also presumed independent of
temperature.
The initial consideration is one dimensional steady state conduction without
internal generation of energy. As just discussed, the Laplace equation applies to
this case. A general form of the Laplace equation in one dimension is
d i dT
x
0
dx dx
Where
x
dT/dx
0,1,
or
in
rectangular,
cylindrical,
and
spherical
coordinates,respectively.
Plane Walls
In the case of a plane wall as shown in the figure on laboratory manual.
The equation and boundary conditions to be satisfied are:
d 2T
0
dx 2
T(x) = T(0) = To at x = 0
T(x) = T(L) = TL at x = L
Where
To : temperature at x = 0
TL : temperature at x = L
The equation may be separated and integrated twice to yield
T(x) = c1x + c2
And the constants of integration c1 and c2 evaluated, by applying the
boundary equation to be
c1 = (TL To) / L and c2 = 0
when c1 and c2 are substituted into equation, the final expression for the
temperature profile becomes:
TL T0
x T0
L
T TL
T ( x) T0 0
x
L
T ( x)
Accordng the equation, the temperature variarion in a plne wall under the
conditions specified is linier.
The Fourier rate equation is repeated below, in scalar form, for reference
qx = -kA dT/dx
where
qx : heat flux
A : cross section area
k
: thermal conductivity
Since in the steady state case, q is constant, then the equation change (after be
integrated) into :
TL
q x dx kA dT
0
T0
giving
qx
kA
T0 TL
L
D. METHODS
1. Record the initial temperature at the observation points located as
described in Fig 2 (from the Laboratory Manual)
2. Pour boiling water at 100 0C into the water boyh until the water surface
reaches the height of the aluminium plane wall. Maintain the water at a
constant temperature.
3.
Time
T(0C)
(Minute) 0
82.7
63.1 59.5 56.5 52.5 44.6 45.7 42.6 40.3 35.8 35.8
79.7
68.7 66.2 64.4 61.1 6.03 56.8 54.0 51.8 48.1 47.6
79.3
71.1 68.9 68.0 65.9 65.2 62.4 60.7 59.3 56.6 56.4
80
80.8
77.6 74.0 74.3 73.5 72.2 71.0 69.9 68.3 67.3 66.6
10
82.6
78.5 74.9 75.9 75.1 74.4 72.6 72.2 70.9 69.3 68.6
12
85.6
80.7 76.9 77.3 76.8 76.9 74.6 74.6 73.1 71.0 70.0
14
94.3
71.4 79.0 78.8 79.0 76.8 76.4 76.5 74.8 72.8 71.3
16
99.2
79.0 80.2 79.4 79.7 77.6 77.3 77.9 75.8 73.8 72.5
18
102.3 87.3 81.4 81.4 81.6 89.4 80.1 79.9 78.3 75.6 74.3
20
104.1 89.8 84.4 83.5 83.9 80.5 81.4 81.3 79.5 77.2 76.0
22
104.0 90.7 86.4 85.5 85.7 83.1 83.8 83.5 81.6 79.2 77.9
24
104.1 91.1 87.3 87.9 88.1 85.4 83.9 84.1 82.9 80.0 78.7
26
104.1 90.3 86.3 87.3 88.1 86.3 84.7 85.2 83.1 80.9 79.7
28
104.1 90.9 86.4 87.5 83.0 87.2 84.9 85.6 83.6 81.4 80.5
30
104.1 90.1 86.3 87.3 87.9 86.9 87.5 86.2 84.4 82.1 80.7
32
104.1 91.5 87.5 88.4 89.4 87.7 86.2 86.5 85.5 83.5 82.3
34
104.1 92.0 87.3 88.2 88.9 88.0 86.7 87.2 85.9 83.5 82.0
36
104.1 90.5 87.0 88.4 89.1 88.6 87.1 87.6 85.9 82.8 82.2
38
104.0 90.6 86.5 88.3 89.1 88.5 86.7 87.5 86.2 84.2 82.6
40
104.0 90.8 87.2 88.7 88.5 88.6 86.5 87.1 85.6 83.7 82.2
42
104.1 91.5 87.2 88.0 88.4 87.9 86.5 87.0 86.1 84.0 82.5
44
104.1 91.8 87.8 88.9 88.0 88.0 86.9 87.1 86.3 84.2 82.3
46
104.2 90.0 86.5 88.5 89.2 88.1 86.3 86.5 85.4 84.2 82.5
48
104.1 90.6 86.6 88.1 89.1 88.0 86.7 86.2 85.5 83.8 82.3
50
103.9 90.9 86.4 87.7 88.2 87.8 86.7 86.9 85.6 84.1 82.6
52
104.1 89.6 86.2 87.9 88.9 88.0 86.8 86.7 86.7 83.8 82.1
54
104.1 91.6 87.1 87.9 88.6 87.3 85.9 86.5 85.6 83.8 82.0
56
104.2 90.9 86.0 87.0 87.8 86.5 85.6 86.0 85.0 83.3 81.7
10
62.9 62.1
58
104.2 89.9 85.6 86.6 87.8 87.3 86.0 85.9 84.8 83.0 81.4
60
100
Temperature
80
60
40
20
0
0
Observation Points
10
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
1 cm
3 cm
4 cm
60
5 cm
6 cm
7 cm
40
8 cm
9 cm
20
10 cm
60
56
52
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
Temperature
2 cm
80
T(0C)
Time
(Minute)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
0
35.27
34.97
34.93
35
35.08
35.26
35.56
36.43
36.92
37.23
37.41
37.4
37.41
37.41
37.41
37.41
37.41
37.41
37.41
37.4
37.4
37.41
37.41
37.42
37.41
37.39
37.41
37.41
37.42
37.42
37.41
10
36.62
38.85
40.6
41.25
38.76
40.99
40.08
39.27
35.8
36.38
37.74
40.86
43.76
45.55
48.018
48.76
49.2
49.62
48.1
49.36
38.22
41.67
45.2
47.95
51.12
52.68
54.56
56.37
56.6
59.04
38.86
42.39
46.6
50
53.46
56.04
58.8
62.9
65.31
39.52
43.2
47.72
51.75
55.32
58.7
61.92
64.47
67.3
70.26
39.7
43.47
48.36
52.55
56.64
59.82
63.76
66.81
69.3
72.46
40.14
44.07
48.92
53.4
58.14
61.22
65.68
68.79
71
74
38.28
44.7
49.52
54.5
58.08
62.48
67.2
70.32
72.8
75.43
39.8
45.06
49.76
54.85
58.56
63.11
68.32
71.22
73.8
76.75
41.46
45.42
50.56
55.8
65.64
65.07
69.92
73.47
75.6
78.73
41.96
46.32
51.4
56.95
60.3
65.98
71.04
74.55
77.2
80.6
42.14
46.92
52.2
57.85
61.86
67.66
72.8
76.44
79.2
82.69
42.22
47.19
53.16
59.05
63.24
67.73
73.28
77.61
80
83.57
42.06
46.89
52.92
59.05
63.78
68.29
74.16
77.79
80.9
84.67
42.18
46.92
53
56.5
64.32
68.43
74.48
78.24
81.4
85.55
42.02
46.89
52.92
58.95
64.14
70.25
74.96
78.96
82.1
85.77
42.3
47.25
53.36
59.7
64.62
69.34
75.2
79.95
83.5
87.53
42.4
47.19
53.28
59.45
64.8
69.69
75.76
80.31
83.5
87.2
42.1
47.1
53.36
59.55
65.16
69.97
76.08
80.31
82.8
87.42
42.12
46.95
53.32
59.55
65.1
69.69
76
80.58
84.2
87.86
42.16
47.16
53.48
59.25
65.16
69.55
75.68
80.04
83.7
87.42
42.3
47.16
53.2
59.2
64.74
69.55
75.6
80.49
84
87.75
42.36
47.34
53.56
59
64.8
69.83
75.68
80.67
84.2
87.53
42
46.95
53.4
59.6
64.86
69.41
75.2
79.86
84.2
87.75
42.12
46.98
53.24
59.55
64.8
69.69
74.96
79.95
83.8
87.53
42.18
46.92
53.08
59.1
64.68
69.69
75.52
80.04
84.1
87.86
41.92
46.86
53.16
59.45
64.8
69.76
75.36
81.03
83.8
87.31
42.32
47.13
53.16
59.3
64.38
69.13
75.2
80.04
83.8
87.2
42.18
46.8
52.8
58.9
63.9
68.92
74.8
79.5
83.3
86.87
41.98
46.68
52.64
58.9
64.38
69.2
74.72
79.32
83
86.54
42.14
46.83
53.2
59.3
64.74
69.76
75.2
79.77
83.5
86.98