Department Of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-2023

Title: AFTERMARKET CUSTOM ANDROID OS.
Group No.: B03
Guide: Dr. D.K. Shedge
PROJECT MEMBERS:

Roll NName Email ID Mobile Area of Signature

interest
48 Shreyash Kale [email protected] 8087861228 AI&ML
99 Akshay Kakatkar [email protected] 9172932468 ANDROID
122 Kunal Mane [email protected] 7887956209 AI&ML

1.INTRODUCTION:
Android is an open source and Linux-based Operating System for mobile devices such as
smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by
Google, and other companies.
Android offers a unified approach to application development for mobile devices which means
developers need only develop for Android, and their applications should be able to run on different
devices powered by Android.
The first beta version of the Android Software Development Kit (SDK) was released by Google in
2007 whereas the first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released in September 2008.
On June 27, 2012, at the Google I/O conference, Google announced the next Android version, 4.1
Jelly Bean. Jelly Bean is an incremental update, with the primary aim of improving the user interface,
both in terms of functionality and performance.
The source code for Android is available under free and open source software licenses. Google
publishes most of the code under the Apache License version 2.0 and the rest, Linux kernel changes,
under the GNU General Public License version 2.
While it is a definition of a product that can be supported long term due to it being open source, most
companies do not care about the product after-sales experience. The performance of the devices
started to drop a year or two after its launch.

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2. LITRATURESURVEY:

[1]M. Zavgorodnii, N. S. Ivanov, I. V. Latypov and A. Zhavoronkov, "Creating the Corporate

Android Firmware Using DualBoot Mechanism," 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young
Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElConRus), 2021, pp. 763-766, doi:
10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396593.

We discovered, when we use a mobile device which runs Android, we usually look for the basic
features such as call, texting, gaming, internet browsing, camera and music. However Android
devices can be made more powerful and its power can be utilized in a larger scale once it has been
rooted.

[2] M. Suleman, X. Zhong and Y. Sun, "Empirical Research And Auxiliary Tool For Custom Android
ROMs," 2020 International Symposium on Computer Engineering and Intelligent Communications
(ISCEIC), 2020, pp. 14-18, doi: 10.1109/ISCEIC51027.2020.00011.

It says, As the most popular and the most widely used mobile operating system, Android OS is open
source with rich features. Many developers customize it to fulfill their needs or what the end users
demand. The advantages of custom ROMs are analyzed systematically in this paper. The customized
ROMs are experimentally demonstrated to be better than the stock ROMs in terms of performance,
storage, user interface etc.

3. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE SURVEY:

We noticed that Building an operating system by Android source is quite challenging and it
is really complex. This research determined that all the processes we implement to build and
customize the ROM will result in optimized RAM and also will result in low memory usage
for the operating system. Improved RAM usage will result in better application response and
good operating system response and more memory will give access to store more where
normally you would not be able to store any file. We also suggest that users do not make any changes
to the operating system if you don't know what its effect is going to be. Methods we used will
not cause any failure but may have some effect on user experience. So that in our future work we
are going to focus on the stability of that custom ROM.

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5. OBJECTIVES:

1. Work on the ROM to make it extremely stable; we believe in the user not facing any issues
regarding their device, flash and forget.
2. To be really minimalistic and beautiful right out of the box. We merge patches from master
and other sources to give you the best performance out of your device.
3. Ship without any sort of bloat, and many hardening patches are in the process of being
merged to give you the most secure and bloatfree experience possible.
4. Provide AOSP security patches, Linux and CodeAurora tags being merged within hours of its
release, you are sure to receive the latest security fixes and updates on your device as soon as
possible!

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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7. COMPONENTS, CODE & WORKING:

● OnePlus Nord (avicii) or other.

● AMD64 Architecture based build server with any linux distribution matching the minimum
build specifications given by Google
● AOSP Source Code
● LINUX kernel source with appropriate drivers for the device
● Qualcomm proprietary binaries for the device
● Device properties and specific code

IMPORTANT CODE REPOSITORIES (GITHUB):-

device_oneplus_avicii :- This is the repository brought from scratch and consists of device specific
configurations that are needed to boot PixelExperience (Temporary) on the device with no issues
whatsoever. This repository also consists of the necessary Makefiles that are needed to call this
specific device product in order to start the build. This also includes necessary build time flags that
are used to call the ROM vendor repository in order to bring out ROM specific customizations.

device_oneplus_sm7250-common :- This is the repository brought from scratch and consists of

chipset/oem specific configurations that are needed to boot PixelExperience (Temporary) on the
device with no issues whatsoever. This repository also consists of the necessary Makefiles that are
needed to call this specific device product in order to start the build. This also includes necessary
build time flags that are used to call the ROM vendor repository in order to bring out ROM specific
customizations.

manifest :- The initial repository of AOSP project, it contains the list of repositories tracked from
android.googlesource.com and additional repositories tracked from our own organization. This
repository is used to download the source code of AOSP. Since there are more than 1000 repositories
that are required for building android, rather than cloning each repository individually, the ‘repo’
command enables us to sync these repositories in one go. The ‘repo’ package finds a default.xml on
the given remote in order to start syncing the repositories, this default.xml can track other XMLs for
more additional repositories that may be required for device specific configurations.

vendor_aosp :- This is the heart of our AOSP custom ROM, the repository includes all the
configurations required to call out the extra Qualcomm repositories that are tracked from LineageOS
Organization. This repository also includes overlays that tweaks out the UI of the OS in order to
make it look sleek and better to the user. This repository also includes the kernel build system that
can build the Linux Kernel Source Code from source, pure AOSP does not include this support.

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kernel_oneplus_sm7250 :- This repository consists of the linux kernel source code that is used to
boot the avicii device. The kernel source code is forked and merged with Qualcomm Code Aurora
Forum (CAF) Tag on top of it, along with the needed changes and extra drivers that are needed to
boot the ‘avicii’ device.

vendor_oneplus_avicii :- This repository consists of the proprietary binaries that are provided by
Stock OEM with no source code, so they are copied directly after cleaning up the unneeded libraries,
these unneeded repositories consists of the unused frameworks and libraries that are either left
unused or are not required by the Android userspace.

vendor_oneplus_sm7250-common :- This repository consists of the proprietary binaries that are

provided by Stock OEM with no source code, so they are copied directly after cleaning up the
unneeded libraries, these unneeded repositories consists of the unused frameworks and libraries that
are either left unused or are not required by the Android userspace.

frameworks :- It consists of the application framework, written in C++ and java. It contains all of the
system services and core implementation of Android.

platform_bionic :- This repository consists of Android's C library like libc, dynamic linker and
math.

It is compiled on Build Servers since the specifications of most laptops/PCs these days are not
enough to build Android ROMs. It is built by setting up a build environment using the “repo” tool
provided by google and then using the “lunch” command to setup the devices. Then “make
otapackage” command is used to make a recovery flashable .zip file.

8. EXPECTED RESULT:
In this project we will develop and build a Custom Android Rom Based on the latest API version of
the android release for OnePlus Nord and Others.
This Build of our will be more stable and bloat free than the official Build released by the OEM.

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9. REFERENCES:
[1]M. Zavgorodnii, N. S. Ivanov, I. V. Latypov and A. Zhavoronkov, "Creating the Corporate
Android Firmware Using DualBoot Mechanism," 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young
Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElConRus), 2021, pp. 763-766, doi:
10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396593.

[2]M. Suleman, X. Zhong and Y. Sun, "Empirical Research And Auxiliary Tool For Custom Android
ROMs," 2020 International Symposium on Computer Engineering and Intelligent Communications
(ISCEIC), 2020, pp. 14-18, doi: 10.1109/ISCEIC51027.2020.00011.

[3]D. K.S., K.A., S. K.P. and S.S., "Android Rooting and Custom ROM", International Journal for
Innovative Research in Science & Technology (IJIRST), vol. IV, no. 9, pp. 1-3, 2018.

[4]S. Manjrekar and R. Bhati, "CUSTOM ROM – A PROMINENT ASPECTS Of ANDROID",

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET),
vol. V, no. 5, pp. 1590-1593, 2016.

[5]Android recovery mode - Wikipedia. (2021, September 11). Android Recovery Mode - Wikipedia;
en.wikipedia.org. https://doi.org/Android recovery mode - Wikipedia

[6]Overview | Android Open Source Project. (n.d.). Android Open Source Project;
source.android.com. https://doi.org/Overview | Android Open Source Project

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