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    How To Derive A Formula Peekaboo - 5

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    anirban das
    This document discusses classifying turning points of functions by computing the second derivative. It states that if the second derivative is positive at a turning point, it is a local minimum, and if negative, it is a maximum. For polynomials of even degree, turning points are global minimums or maximums. For odd degree polynomials, the function value is unbounded. It then provides an example of classifying turning points of the function y = -16 + 4x + 12x^2 - 7x^3 + x^4.

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    How To Derive A Formula Peekaboo - 5

    Uploaded by

    anirban das
    14 views1 page
    This document discusses classifying turning points of functions by computing the second derivative. It states that if the second derivative is positive at a turning point, it is a local minimum, and if negative, it is a maximum. For polynomials of even degree, turning points are global minimums or maximums. For odd degree polynomials, the function value is unbounded. It then provides an example of classifying turning points of the function y = -16 + 4x + 12x^2 - 7x^3 + x^4.

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    how to derive a formula peekaboo_5

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    This document discusses classifying turning points of functions by computing the second derivative. It states that if the second derivative is positive at a turning point, it is a local minimum, and if negative, it is a maximum. For polynomials of even degree, turning points are global minimums or maximums. For odd degree polynomials, the function value is unbounded. It then provides an example of classifying turning points of the function y = -16 + 4x + 12x^2 - 7x^3 + x^4.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views1 page

    How To Derive A Formula Peekaboo - 5

    Uploaded by

    anirban das
    This document discusses classifying turning points of functions by computing the second derivative. It states that if the second derivative is positive at a turning point, it is a local minimum, and if negative, it is a maximum. For polynomials of even degree, turning points are global minimums or maximums. For odd degree polynomials, the function value is unbounded. It then provides an example of classifying turning points of the function y = -16 + 4x + 12x^2 - 7x^3 + x^4.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    February 8, 2020 15:26 How to Derive a Formula Vol. I: Basic Analytical. . .

    – 9in x 6in b3368-p1-ch01 page 7

    Essential Functions 7

    This is a typical point of inflection. At this point, the second deriva-


    tive d2f (x)/dx2 is zero. Generally, df (x)/dx is not zero for such
    points.
    We can attempt to classify turning points by computing the
    second derivative (however, some caution is necessary). To do this,
    by 103.102.117.8 on 11/08/22. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles.

    we substitute the solutions of Eq. (I.1.5), the values of x for the


    turning points, into an expression for the second derivative of f (x),
    which we’ll also denote by f  (x). If the value of f  (x) is positive,
    then, for sure, we have a local minimum, and if the value of f  (x)
    is negative, we have a maximum. For n = 3, f  (x) = 0 always refers
    How to Derive a Formula Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com

    to a point of inflection (for n ≤ 2, they never occur). However, for


    n ≥ 4, the situation is not so clear-cut; if f  (x) = 0, we have to
    consider higher derivatives, or how many times a root of Eq. (I.1.5)
    is repeated, to determine whether we have a maximum, minimum
    or point of inflection. For instance, take the function f (x) = x4 : at
    x = 0, f  (0) = f  (0) = 0, but we still have a minimum.
    For polynomials with an even value of n, we will have a global
    minimum or maximum, i.e. these are the absolute minimum or max-
    imum values the function can take. These are at turning points that
    give the lowest or largest values of f (x), i.e. defining the range of
    f (x). For polynomials with odd n, the output value of the function
    is unbounded such that f (x) can take any value.
    Example I.1.1 (Maths Practice ). To put all of this in action,
    let’s see what we can find out about the function

    y = f (x) = −16 + 4x + 12x2 − 7x3 + x4 (I.1.6)

    so we can try to sketch it. First of all, the function described by


    Eq. (I.1.6) crosses the y-axis at y = f (0) = −16. What about crossing
    the x-axis? In this case, we’re lucky and we can factorize f (x) so that

    0 = f (x) = −16 + 4x + 12x2 − 7x3 + x4


    = (x − 2)2 (x + 1)(x − 4) (I.1.7)

    We see that we cross the x-axis at x = −1 and x = 4. At the point


    x = 2, which must be a turning point, we touch the x-axis. Next, we

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