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    Kingdom Mycota

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    Sariska Mehra
    The document summarizes key characteristics of fungi in the kingdom Mycota. It describes their hyphal structure, modes of nutrition and reproduction. It also classifies the main divisions of fungi - Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes - and provides examples and characteristics of each division. The document concludes by noting some symbiotic and industrial uses of fungi as well as diseases caused by some fungi.

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    Kingdom Mycota

    Uploaded by

    Sariska Mehra
    27 views33 pages
    The document summarizes key characteristics of fungi in the kingdom Mycota. It describes their hyphal structure, modes of nutrition and reproduction. It also classifies the main divisions of fungi - Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes - and provides examples and characteristics of each division. The document concludes by noting some symbiotic and industrial uses of fungi as well as diseases caused by some fungi.

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    The document summarizes key characteristics of fungi in the kingdom Mycota. It describes their hyphal structure, modes of nutrition and reproduction. It also classifies the main divisions of fungi - Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes - and provides examples and characteristics of each division. The document concludes by noting some symbiotic and industrial uses of fungi as well as diseases caused by some fungi.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views33 pages

    Kingdom Mycota

    Uploaded by

    Sariska Mehra
    The document summarizes key characteristics of fungi in the kingdom Mycota. It describes their hyphal structure, modes of nutrition and reproduction. It also classifies the main divisions of fungi - Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes - and provides examples and characteristics of each division. The document concludes by noting some symbiotic and industrial uses of fungi as well as diseases caused by some fungi.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Characteristics of Mycota are:
    ✓ Eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular
    organisms.
    ✓ They lack chlorophyll, are more closely
    related to animals than plants.
    ✓ They have a rigid cell wall made of chitin
    and glucans.
    ✓ Mode of nutrition: Are heterotrophic use
    complex organic compounds as sources of
    energy and carbon
    ✓ Reproduction: Both sexual or asexual,
    majority of fungi produce spores
    KINGDOM MYCOTA Nonseptate
    hyphae
    Characteristics of Mycota are:
    ✓ Thallus: vegetative body of a fungus

    ✓ Hypha: a long, branching, filamentous

    structure of a fungus that is the main

    mode of vegetative growth

    ✓ Mycelium: A mass of branching,

    threadlike hyphae, often underground

    ✓ Septum: cell wall division between Septate hyphae

    hyphae of a fungus
    REPRODUCTION IN FUNGI
    ✓ Reproduction in fungi is both by sexual and asexual
    means.
    ✓ Spores are single-celled propagules which separate
    from the parent organism and can get dispersed.
    ✓ Meiospores: produced after meiosis also called
    sexually produced spores.
    ✓ Example: Ascospores. Basidiospores.
    ✓ Mitospores: Also called asexually produced spores.
    ✓ Produced by mitosis
    ✓ Example: zoospores, sporangiospores,
    chlamydospores, Oidia, Conidia, etc.
    REPRODUCTION IN FUNGI
    The sexual cycle involves 3 steps:
    ✓ Plasmogamy: Fusion of protoplasm between two motile or non-motile gametes.
    ✓ Karyogamy: Fusion of two nuclei.
    ✓ Meiosis: Occurs in zygote
    resulting in haploid
    spores.
    CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Phycomycetes Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Deuteromycetes

    Mucor, Rhizopus (Bread Yeast, Saccharomyces, Agaricus (Mushroom), Alternaria, Colletotrichum


    Mould) And Albugo Penicillium, Aspergillus, Ustilago (Smut) And And Trichoderma.
    (Parasitic Fungi On Neurospora, Claviceps Puccinia (Rust Fungus).
    Mustard). And Neurospora

    Yeast,

    Rhizopus
    CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Characteristics of Phycomycetes are:
    ✓ Common Name: Algal fungi

    ✓ Mycelium: Aseptate, coenocytic Rhizopus

    ✓ Asexual Reproduction: Zoospores,

    aplanospores, chlamydospores,

    sporangiospores

    ✓ Sexual Reproduction: Isogamy, oogamy

    ✓ Fruiting body: Produces zygospores

    ✓ Examples: Mucor, Rhizopus, Albugo


    CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Characteristics of Ascomycetes are:
    ✓ Common Name: Sac fungi
    ✓ Mycelium: Septate, branched Penicillium
    ✓ Asexual Reproduction: Conidia, budding
    ✓ Sexual Reproduction: Iso or anisogamy;
    Ascospores formed in ascus
    (endogenously)
    ✓ Fruiting body: Ascocarp (cleistothecium,
    perithecium, apothecium)
    ✓ Examples: Penicillium, Saccharomyces

    The edible ascocarp of


    Morchella esculenta,
    CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Characteristics of Basidiomycetes are:
    ✓ Common Name: Club fungi
    ✓ Mycelium: Septate, branched; Secondary
    Mushroom
    mycelium is dikaryotic
    ✓ Asexual Reproduction: Oidia, basidiospores
    ✓ Sexual Reproduction: Somatogamy;
    Basidiospores formed on sterigmata
    (exogenously)
    ✓ Fruiting body: Basidiocarp
    ✓ Examples: Agaricus, Ustilago, Puccinia,Amanita Turkey tail
    bracket
    muscaria fungi,
    CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM MYCOTA
    Characteristics of Deuteromycetes are:
    ✓ Common Name: Fungi imperfecti

    ✓ Mycelium: Septate, branched

    ✓ Asexual Reproduction: Conidia

    ✓ Sexual Reproduction: Absent or not known

    ✓ Fruiting body: Absent

    ✓ Examples: Alternaria, Trichoderma


    KINGDOM MYCOTA
    ✓ Symbiotic Fungus: In association
    with algae as lichens and with roots
    of higher plants as mycorrhiza.
    ✓ Source of antibiotics:
    Penicillium.
    ✓ Industrial uses: Yeast) are used
    to make bread and beer.
    ✓ Disease causing fungi: E.g.
    Wheat rust-causing Puccinia.
    Loose smut of wheat Ustilago Nuda

    Corn smut, Ustilago Lichens


    4% 6% 14%
    9% 5%

    9%
    18%
    6%

    9% 20%

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