Mindanao State University

BALO-I COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL

Balo-I, Lanao del Norte
SY: 2020 - 2021

SCIENCE 8
FIRST QUARTER - MODULE 5

Heat and
Temperature

GRADE 8 SCIENCE TEACHERS

Ms. Sittie Faizah M. Cotongan
Mrs. Papala M. Camama
Mr. Ben-nor Minsuari

I. INSTRUCTION
The following are some reminders in using this module:
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 1. Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
2. Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
3. Answer all the given activities and test.
4. Finally, return this module to your teacher once you are through with it.

II. INTRODUCTION

Our day-to-day experience in life has given us the idea that there is a transfer of heat. We may
not see it, but we know that it is there because of its effect. For example, when we want to eat our
rice, we do not eat it raw. We prepare it by using wood or rice cooker, then use fire or electricity to
heat it and then eat it afterward. Or when we walk around noontime, we can feel how hot it is when
we feel the sun-kissed effect on our skin, and on our head then we use an umbrella or cap to ease the
hotness.
In the previous grades, you have learned that heat transfer takes place between different
temperatures of objects or places. It transfers from an object of higher temperature to an object of
lower temperature. The transfer can be through moving particles or electromagnetic waves. The three
types of heat transfer are conduction, convection, or radiation.
We mistakenly think that heat and temperature are just the same. We often interchange the use
of heat when we mean temperature and the other way around. This time, you will learn the difference
between heat and temperature at the molecular level. Heat and temperature are two different
concepts.
After going through this module, you should be able to:

 differentiate between heat and temperature at the molecular level.

III. CONCEPTS

LESSON 1: Difference of Heat and Temperature

Let us perform the activity first to determine the difference of hotness and coldness.

Activity 1: How hot or cold?

Objectives: In this activity, you will be able to

1. describe the hotness or coldness of an object through measuring its temperature or description
using the thermometer.
2. compare the changes/description of the temperature of water to determine the relationship
between the amount of heat transferred and change in temperature.

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 Materials needed:
Thermometer
Hot water, tap water and cold water

Procedure:
1. Fill the three containers with 3 tablespoons of tap water. Arrange them next to one another as
shown in figure below.

1 2 3

(Photo credits to the writer)

2. Record the temperature. If you don’t have any thermometer, just dip your right finger on the
containers and describe it in the following manner; hot, hotter, hottest, cold, colder,
coldest, and write it in the table below. Record the initial temperature or your
description of the water.

Q1: How do you describe the water?

____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

3. This time let us add 2 tablespoons of hot water to container 1, 2 tablespoons tap water to container
2 and 2 tablespoons cold water to container 3. Leave the containers for 2 minutes.

Data for Table 1:

Estimated temperature/description of the water: ________0C

Measured Temperature of Water (0C) Change in

Initial Temperature/ Final Temperature/ Temperature (0C)/
Container Description Description Description

Container 1

Container 2

Container 3

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Q2: What happen now to the water after you put additional tablespoons of hot, tap and cold
water? How close is your estimated value to the measured initial temperature of water or
description? Are they the same or is there a difference?

__________________________________________________________________________________

4. Try to dip your fingers again, this time into the three containers. Use your left hand.

Q3: Which container(s) has hot water? Cool water?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Q4: What do you think causes the difference in the hotness or coldness of the water inside the
containers?
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

5. Measure and record the temperature of the water in all containers. Then calculate the change in the
temperature in each container using the formula, final temperature minus the initial temperature and
write it down in the last column. Again, if you have no thermometer, write down the difference of the
description that you have from the 3rd procedure compare to 2nd procedure. (Example, Very hot – very
cold = just right)

Q5: Which container(s) is/are heat transfer taking place? What evidence supports your answer?
Within this container(s), which absorbs heat? Which gives off heat?
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Q6: Which container(s) was/were there greatest amount of heat transferred? What is your
basis?
__________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
____________

Q7. How amount of heat is transferred related to change in temperature?

______________________________________________________________________
____________

______________________________________________________________________
____________

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 Look at the two figures on the next page, have you experienced cooking your food or bring water
to boil and unintentionally hold the pan or kettle not knowing it is hot? What was your
initial reaction? You might say it was hot, really hot. What do you think is the reason
why you felt it that way? Yes, you are right! It was hot because when you cook, heat
from the stove transfer to the pan/kettle, as you touch the pan/kettle heat from the
kettle/pan transferred to your finger.

Figure 1. The chef(pinterest.com) Figure 2. Cooking fish(kissclipart.com)

When we say heat, it is the transfer of energy from high temperature to low temperature. The
thermal energy measures the movement of particles. The amount of heat transferred relies on the
amount of thermal energy, thus heat is a measurement of thermal energy being transferred.
Next in the figure below, can you identify what method of heat transfer takes
place in A, B, and C? There are three methods of heat transfer, can you still identify
them? Can you still describe how heat is being transferred from each method?

A B

Fig.3 Mechanism of Heat Transfer (azchemistry.com)

Heat transfer can be determined when there is a change in temperature. The higher the change
in temperature the greater amount of heat transferred. The smaller the absolute value of the change
of temperature the smaller amount of heat transferred. This means that heat is directly proportional
to temperature.
Heat may be absorbed or given off. When heat is absorbed there is a positive
change in temperature. This means that the final temperature is higher than the initial
temperature. When heat is given off there is negative change in temperature which
means that the final temperature is lower than that of the initial temperature.

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 Figure 5. Heat transfer from in High to Low Temperature and the thermal equilibrium.

You have learned previously that objects possess kinetic energy. Even the small things that you
cannot see also move and have kinetic energy. As shown in the figure above, it is the movement of
high temperature compared to the low temperature. The activity you had earlier showed that as the
powdered drink scatters in the water, the particles of water are moving too. Have you observed too
that the movement differs in each glass? What can you infer about this?
If heat is absorbed by an object, the particles of the object gain kinetic energy and they move
faster. Since temperature is directly related to kinetic energy, any gain in kinetic energy would cause
the temperature to increase.
Conversely, if heat is transferred or removed from an object, it loses kinetic energy, its particles
move slower and the body’s temperature decreases.
Try to ask your parents about the mercury thermometer. Whenever it is used to a person who
has a fever, ask them how they know that the person has a fever. What is the basis for the reading?
Another change that may occur when heat is added to or taken out from an object
is phase change. For example, you know that water can change from solid (ice) to liquid
(water) when you try to add the ice to a powdered juice in water to make it cold or from
liquid to gas (steam) like boiling water.

IV. GENERALIZATION

1. Temperature is not an energy while heat is. Heat is the measurement of thermal energy in a certain
material or object. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from high temperature to low
temperature.
2. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles. The higher the
temperature, the faster the movement of the particles, the higher the kinetic energy. The lower the
temperature, the slower the movement of the particles, the lower the kinetic energy. It can be
measured with the use of thermometers.
3. Heat cannot be measured directly but you can make use of the measurable quantities related to
heat to determine how much heat (Q) is absorbed by the object. These are the change in
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 temperature (ΔT), mass (m), and specific heat capacity (c) of the object. The relation among these
quantities is expressed as: Q = mc ΔT.
4. Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold the material is while heat is a form of energy.
5. Units of Temperature are kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit while heat is joules.

Reference:

Science 8 First Quarter Module 4: Work, Power and Energy, (2020) Alternative Delivery Mode.
Department of Education

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V. WORKSHEET
Name: _____________________________________________Section: ____________Date: _________
Activity 2: Temperature vs. Heat
Direction: I. Using a table, compare and contrast temperature and heat in terms of their
characteristics.

Temperature Heat
Unit
Description
Measurement

II. In the boxes below, draw the movement of molecules at different temperatures.

Cold Hot

Assessment
Direction: Write T if the statement is true and change the underlined words if its false.
_______1. Heat is transferred between objects or places because of the difference in temperature.
_______2. The measure of the thermal energy of an object is called temperature.
_______3. Moving objects possess potential energy.
_______4. There are three kinds of heat transfer: radiation, convection, and conduction.
_______5. The amount of heat transfer is inversely proportional to change in temperature.
_______6. If the object absorbs heat, the temperature increases.
_______7. The higher the temperature, the higher the kinetic energy.
_______8. Any gain in the kinetic energy will cause the temperature to decrease.
_______9. If the temperature is low, the molecules are moving randomly.
_______10. In melting, there is no change of temperature.
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