UNiDAD l am/is/are (a裾maci6ny negaci6n)

)
き戸 l、 一ヽ● 家二,,′ ￣ヽヽ 崎′書
、:プご ee ∵∴⊥霊鳥章 l
こ…琴 こ> モア

○○ 皇皇  譲 )、乏,

皇 鞍

i 嶺
She,sadoctor. ES…       It’shot. Haceca/or They’re in Paris. E宙台n …

She isn,tanurse. No es …    Itisn,t cold. No hace舟・わ. They aren’t in Buenos Aires.

No esd5n …

a緋maci6n r)egaCi6n

I amnot(I’mnot)

許not篤霊荒業
計renot(諾鳶薫,
臆am/is/are son formas de/ presente de/ verbo be (= Ser/estar):
- I’m ta11but I’m notthin. Soy… nOSOy…
-Jane isn’t at home at the moment. She’s at work‥・ nO eSf5... Estき…

- Ybu’re Spanish. Y)u aren’t French. Eres/Sois … No eres/sois …

- It’s darkbutitisn,tlate. Est5 … nO eS …

- Ann and I are cousins. Vたaren,t sisters‥. SOmOS … No somos …

- My shoes are very dirty I must clean them‥・ eSt5n …

En ing/es es necesario usar /os pronombres persona/es sujeto (I/he/she/it etc')・ > Un'dad 53
- ItもIate, (重合ha)

漢A/gunas expresiones con am/is/are corresponden a formas de/ espaho/ con ′tener’:
I’m hot/cold. 1engo ca/o〃7rfo.    I’m right.ねngo raz6n・
I,m hungry/thirsty. iengo hambre/sed・ I’m in a hurry 1engo prisa・

I’m afraid. 1engo miedo.

ーI’m hungry but I’m not cold・ Lengo hambre pero no fengo fro.
ーJohn is afraid ofdogs. John tiene miedo de /os perros・

喜The children are thirsty. Los ni庁os tienen sed・

- We’re not in a hurry No tenemos prisa・

- Ybu’re right. 7lenes raz6n・

讐竃頚溺璃地籍嘲雲

En /ng/6s se usa am/is/are para hab/ar de /a edad de a/guien」

-I’m19. o I’m19yearsold・ lengoZ9a庁os・
- My grandmotheris 72. Mi abue/a tiene 72 ahos・

Observaねmbi5n /as diferencias siguientes entre e/ /ng/5s y e/ espaho/:

- It’s hot. / It’s cold. / It’s sunny Hace ca/or・/Hace舟fo./Hace so/○

○’It’s I o,clock. / It’s 8.15. (etc.) Es /a una./Son /as8.15. (etc.)

- I’m interested in politics. Me interesa /a po/鮎ca・

- Tbm isn,t interested in football. No /e /nteresa a 7t)m eI允7tbo/.

菓that’s = thatis there’s = thereis here’s = hereis

- Thank you. That’s very kind ofyou. Gracias・ Es muy amab/e de tu parte.

一Look! Ther6’s George. /Mira! Ahr est5 George・

トUnidad 2 am/is/are (formas InterrOgat/V∂S)

2
UNIDAD 1 Ejercicios

1.1. Escribe las contracciones (she´s / we aren´t), etc.

1. He is (_he’s_) a software developer. 4. It is (________) an Android application.

2. They are (_______) database administrators. 5. I am not (________) a network architect.
3. She is not (_______) a hardware engineer. 6. You are not (________) a web developer.

Escribe la forma completa (she is / we are not) etc.

7. We aren’t (_we are not_) security analysts. 10. They aren’t (_______) project managers.
8. I’m (________) a computer programmer. 11. It isn’t (_______) a computer lab.
9. You’re (________) a systems analyst. 12. She’s (_______) a software engineer.

1.2. Completa las frases con am, is o are

1. The computer system _______ very good. 6. I _______ hot. Can you open the window, please?
2. I _______ not analytical. 7. This _______ one thousand years old.
3. This computer case _______ very heavy. 8. My brother and I _______ good tennis players.
4. These cases _______ very heavy 9. Ann _____ at home but her children ______ at school.
5. Look! There _______ the programmers’ office. 10. I _______ a student. My sister _______ an architect.

1.3. Escribe frases completas usando am / is / are

1. (my shoes very dirty) My shoes are very dirty. 7. (Mr. Kelly´s daughter six years old) ____________________
2. (my bed very comfortable) My __________________ 8. (The houses in this street very old)
3. (your cigarettes in your bag) ____________________ ____________________
4. (I not very happy today) ____________________ 9. (The examination not difficult) ____________________
5. (this restaurant very expensive) ____________________ 10. (Those flowers very beautiful) ____________________
6. (the shops not open today) ____________________

1.4. Escribe frases afirmativas o negativas usando am / am not / is isn´t / are / aren´t.

1. (Paris/the capital of France) Paris is the capital of France. 7. (My hands / cold) My __________________
2. (I / interested in football) I’m not interested in football. 8. (Canada / a very big country) _____________________
3. (I / hungry) I __________________ 9. (the Amazon / in Africa) _____________________
4. (It / warm today) It __________________ 10. (diamonds / cheap) _____________________
5. (Rome / is Spain) Rome ________________ 11. (motor-racing/a dangerous sport) ____________________
6. (I / afraid of dogs) I ___________________ 12. (cats / big animals) _____________________

1.5. Traduce al inglés

1. Mi hermano está en Londres. ____________________

2. Mi madre es inglesa. ____________________
3. Esta sopa está fría. ____________________
4. Carmen tiene 16 años. ____________________
5. Hace calor. ____________________
6. Son las 6. ____________________
7. Es tarde. ____________________
8. Tienes razón. ____________________
9. No hace sol hoy. ____________________
10. Tenemos prisa. ____________________
11. No tengo frío. ___________________________________
12. Ricardo es alto y delgado. ________________________
13. Mis padres no son españoles. _____________________
14. Este vaso no está limpio. Está muy sucio. ___________
15. ¡Mira! Aquí está tu hermana. _______________________
16. No me interesa el tenis. ___________________________
17. Mi padre está en el jardín. ________________________
18. José está cansado y tiene hambre. _________________
19. No tengo miedo de las arañas.
(arañas=spiders) ___________________________
UN看DAD 2 am/is/are (interrogaci6n)

> u印dad l am/is/are (afIrm∂C/6nynegac/6n)

afirmaci6n interrogaci6n

ーIs it important? /ES imporfante?

- Those shoes are nice. Are they new? … iSon nuevos?

- Is your mother at home? JESt5 en casa tu madre?

- Are books expensive in Spain? JSon caros /os /ibros en Espa庁a?

- `How oldisJoe?’ `He’s 24・’ ‘iCu乞ntosahostieneJoe?’ ′77ene24"’

-What coIouris your car? JDe qu6 co/ores …?

- Where are you from? JDe d6nde eres/sois?
- How much are these postcards? JCu新でo cuestan/va/en estas posta/es?

臆En /as舟’aSeS /n亡errogativas e/ sujeto sigue /nmediatamente a am/is/are:

am/is/are +国国
Is she at home?
Is your mother at home? (I鵜t hc競Cナ〇三二C出cr?)
Are th ey exp e m ive?
Are books expensive in Spain? (Arc cxp鏡÷料C bCClこ壷n S幹in?)

菓what’s = What is who’s = Who is how’s = how is where’s = Where is

-What’s the time? JQue hora es? - Who’s thatman? /Qui5n es …?

′(- Where,sJill? JD6nde est5 Jj//?  - How’s your fa〔her? JC6mo est乞…?

喜Respuestas breves:

No,I’mnot.

N帯つnotoNo,〈許n’t

No・〈叢)notoNo,(計en’t

EStas respuestas se usan con mucha f/・eCUenCia en /ng/5s (adem舌s de /as simp/es respuestas Ybs o No・)」
ー`Areyou tired?’ `Yるs, I am.’

- `Are you hungry?’ `No, I’m not but I,m thirsty’

一`Is he English?’ `Yるs, he is.’

- `Is Ann atwork today?’ `No, She isn’t:

- `Is this §eatfree?’ `Yes, it is.’

- `Are these your shoes?’ `Ybs, they are.’

- `Am I late?’ `No, yOu aren’t.’

Respuestas breves > Unldad 37

UNIDAD 2 Ejercicios

2.1. Escribe preguntas usando am/is/are

1. (your mother at home?) Is your mother at home?

2. (your parents at home?) ____________________________
3. (this printer expensive?) ____________________________
4. (you interested in online shopping?) ____________________
5. (the shops open today?) ____________________________
6. (the park open today?) ____________________________

2.2. Escribe preguntas con What/Who/How//Where/Why…? Usa am/is/are

1. (what colour your PC?) What colour is your PC? 6. (why John angry with me?) ___________________
2. (where my keyboard?) Where _______________ 7. (how much these shoes?) ___________________
3. (where my CD/DVD discs?) ___________________ 8. (who your favourite scientist?) ___________________
4. (how old your printer?) ___________________ 9. (why you always late? ___________________
5. (what colour his speakers?) ___________________

2.3. Escribe preguntas apropiadas para las respuestas.

1. (your name) ___________________________ Paul

2. (married or single) _______________________ I’m married
3. (British?) _____________________________ No, I’m not.
4. (where/from) __________________________ From Australia.
5. (how old?) ___________________________ I’m 25.
6. (a student?) ___________________________ No, I’m a designer.
7. (your wife a math teacher?) ______________________ No, she’s a lawyer.
8. (where/from?) ___________________________ She’s Italian.
9. (her name) ___________________________ Anna.
10. (how old?) ___________________________ She’s 25, too.

2.4 Escribe respuestas breves afirmativas o negativas (Yes, I am / No, he isn´t, etc)

1. Are you married? No, I´m not. 6. Is it dark now? ____________________

2. Are you tall? Yes, I am. 7. Are your hands cold? ____________________
3. Is it cold today? ____________________ 8. Are you hungry? ____________________
4. Are you a business manager? ____________________ 9. Is your father tall? ____________________
5. Are you tired? ____________________ 10. Is it sunny? ____________________

2.5 Traduce al inglés:

1. ¿Es difícil este ejercicio? 7. ¿De qué color son tus guantes?
____________________ ____________________
2. “¿Está tu hermano en Londres?” “No, está en Manchester.” 8. ¿De dónde es Susan?
____________________ ____________________
3. ¿Cómo están tus padres? 9. ¿Tienes frío?
____________________ ____________________
4. ¿Qué hora es? 10. “¿Tienes hambre?” “No, pero tengo sed.”
____________________ ____________________
5. “¿Dónde están Jane y Brian?” “Están en Bristol” 11. ¿Hace frío en la calle? (en la calle=outside)
____________________ ____________________
6. ¿Cuántos años tienes? 12. ¿Te interesa el fútbol?
____________________ ____________________
UN8DAD 3 I amdoing(PreSentCOntinuous)

We o花川乱れし性9 ・

She’§ eating. It’s raining. They’re running・

She isn’t reading. The sun isn’t shining. They aren’t walking・

臆E/ pRESENT CONTINUOUS Se forma as予

am/is/are -ing (doing/eating/raining/running/writing etc・)

I am(not)一ing I’mworking.

許(not)一ing#謹言g
計re(not)-ingE護蒜窪h。m。W。rk
>Unidadl‥COntraCCiones’m/’s/’re/isn’t/aren’t
フ
喜EI pRESENT CONTINUOUS eXpreSa Un hecho o una acci6n en curso:

I’m working
She’s wearing a hat

they’re playing football

I’m not watching television

I,m working/playing/eating etc, eqUiva/e a ‘estoy trabajando4ugando/comiendo’e亡c・, PERO en

espaho/ fambien se L/Sa a VeCeS COn e/ mismo valor e/ presente de /ndicativo (trabajo〃uego/como)○

○ Please be qulet. I’m working‥・ Estoy trabajando'

- The children are playing m the garden‥・ juegan / est5n /Ugando …

- Don,t go out now It’s rair血g‥・ L/ueve" / Est計/oviendo.

葛Ybu can tum the TV o正I’m not watching it‥・ No ‘a veo / estoy viendo.
- The sun is shining today. Hoy bri//a e/so/.
- I’m fbeling better now Me siento / encuentro meyor ahora・

- She’s wearing a new shirt. L/eva una camisa nueva.

臆Observa /as siguientes d砧erencias entre /ng/5s y espaho/:

- They are sitting. ESt5n sentados・

喜She’s standing. Estきde pie・

- Brian’s lying m the sun. Brian est舌でumbado a/ so/.

SPELLING (トAp6ndlCe 4):

COme -→ coming run → runnmg 1ie → 1ying

SmOke → smoking sit → sittmg die → dying

Write → writing swim → swimmmg

トUnldad 4 Are you -ing?毎resent cont/nUOuS, formas /nterrOgat/vas)

トUnldad 8 i am doing(presentcont/nUOUS)y l do (presenfs/mp/e)

トUnldad 21 What a「e you doing tomorrow?佃resenfe con s/gn/froado de航uro)

6
UNIDAD 3 Ejercicios

3.1. Completa las frases usando am/is/are + uno de los verbos siguientes:

Building coming having playing cooking standing swimming

1. Listen! Pat is _playing_ the piano.

2. They ____________ a new hotel in the city centre at the moment.
3. Look! Somebody _______________ in the river.
4. “You _______________ on my foot”. “Oh, I´m sorry”.
5. Hurry up! The bus _______________. Where are you, George? In the kitchen, I _______________ a meal.
6. (on the telephone) “Hello. Can I speak to Ann, please?”. “She _______________ a shower at the moment. Can you phone again later?”

3.2. ¿Qué está ocurriendo ahora? Escribe frases verdaderas.

1. (I / wash / my hair) I´m not washing my hair.

2. (It / snow) It is snowing.
3. (I / sit / on a chair) _________________________
4. (I / eat) _________________________
5. (it / rain) _________________________
6. (I / learn / English) _________________________
7. (I / listen / to the radio) _________________________
8. (the sun / shine) _________________________
9. (I / wear / shoes) _________________________
10. (I / smoke / a cigarette) _________________________
11. (I / read / a newspaper) _________________________

3.3. Traduce al español:

1. The software developer is creating software programs in this moment. _________________________

2. He is performing specific tasks with various devices. _________________________
3. He is testing the software. _________________________
4. I am analyzing and evaluating several projects. _________________________
5. The systems analyst is assessing the computer system. _________________________
6. The students are making factorization exercises. _________________________
7. The calculus teacher is graphing complex equations. _________________________
8. George is doing the career of statistics at college. _________________________
9. My classmate is solving the trigonometry problem. _________________________
10. I am trying to find the square root of a number. _________________________

3.4. Traduce al inglés:

1. Martha está tocando la guitarra. _________________________

2. Pablo está sentado en el rincón. (en el rincón= in the corner) _________________________
3. Está lloviendo. Coge un paraguas. (coger= take) _________________________
4. Mi hermana lleva un suéter y una falta. _________________________
5. Estoy hablando desde un teléfono público. _________________________
6. Apaga la radio. No la escuchas. (apagar = turn off) _________________________
7. Ana no se encuentra bien y se va a casa. (irse a casa = go home) _________________________
UN8DAD 4 A「e you -ing? (PreSent COntinuous, interrogaci6n)

トU川dad 3 i am doing(presentcont/nUOUS)

看a祐maci6n     /nterrogaci6n
圏圏圏護

一`Is it raining?’ `Yes, take an umbrella・’ tL/ueve? /JES亡5 /Ioviendo?’

- Why are you wearing a coat? It’s not cold today

iPor qu6 //evas abrigo?

- `What’s Roy doing?, `He: cooking the dimer・’
‘iQue hace/est舌haciendo Roy?’

- `What are血e children doing?, `They,re playing in the garden.’

′iOu5 hacen/est乞n haciendo /os nl庁os?’

￣岩盤謹書霊諾享:手
- Look, thereisJan. Where’s she going? JD6nde va?

書A/ hacer preguntas con este fiempo e/ sujeto va detr舌s de is/are:

iam/is/are l +困
Is he working today?
Is Mr Sm上th working today? G岬rC二l三吉如上Sr孟h tc車y?)
Where are they gomg?
Where are     血ose people going?師屯c鯵ごC吉Ciェg岳esc pecple?)

漢Respues亡as breves (トUnidad 2J/ Unidad 37):

No,I’mnot.

N諸士otoNo,(許n・t
No’(読手oNo,〈計aren,t
ー`Are you listening to the radio?’ `Yるs’I am.’

- `Is Tbm working today?’ `Yるs’he is.’

- `Is it raining?’ `No, it isn’t"’

- `Are your friends staying at a hotel?’ `No, they aren’t"’

8
UNIDAD 4 Ejercicios
4.1. Observa los dibujos y escribe preguntas usando los verbos siguientes: crying, eating, laughing, looking at, going

1. What ___is he reading_________? 4. What ______________________?

2. Where ___________________? 5. What ______________________?
3. Why ____________________? 6. Why ______________________?

4.2. Escribe la pregunta: What ___ doing? con diferentes sujetos:

1. (he) What is he doing?

2. (they) What ________________
3. (I) ________________
4. (Your wife) ________________

Ahora escribe la pregunta: Where ____ going? con estos sujetos:

5. (we) Where are we going? _________________

6. (those children) _________________
7. (the girl with long hair) _________________
8. (the man on the bicycle) _________________

4.3. Escribe preguntas apropiadas para las respuestas:

1. (you/watch/TV?) __________________ 5. (it/rain?) __________________

2. (the children / play?) __________________ 6. the clock/work?) __________________
3. (what/you/do?) __________________ 7. (you/write/a letter?) __________________
4. (what/Rod/do?) __________________ 8. (why/you/run?) __________________

4.4. Escribe respuesta breves afirmativas o negativas (Yes, I am / No, it isn´t, etc)

1. Are you watching TV? No, I´m not. 5. Are you eating something? _________________
2. Are you wearing shoes? __________________ 6. Are you feeling well? __________________
3. Are you wearing a hat? __________________ 7. Is the sun shining? __________________
4. Is it raining? __________________ 8. Is your mother watching you? _______________

Con palabras técnicas:

9. Are you trying to solve the problem? __________________ 13. Is the hardware functioning properly? __________________
10. Are they analyzing the program? __________________ 14. Am I creating a new solution to the problem? ______________
11. Is she performing the tasks? __________________ 15. Is he using SD memory adapter? __________________
12. Are we developing devices for the new application?
________________________

4.5. Traduce al inglés:

1. ¿Estás viendo la television? __________________ 6. ¿Dónde está yendo Luis? ¿Por qué corre?
2. ¿Qué está haciendo Martha? __________________ __________________
3. ¿Estás escribiendo una carta? __________________ 7. ¿Qué lees? Estoy leyendo una carta de mis padres (de=from)
4. ¿Trabaja hoy tu hermana? __________________ ____________________
5. ¿Por qué estas de pie? __________________
 UN音DAD 5 1 do/work/1ike etc.伊esent simpIe, af;rmaci6n)

They have a lot ofbooks. Heもeating an ice-Cream・

Theyread alot. Leen mucho・ He likes ice-Cream. Le gusta e/ he/ado.

喜They read / I live / he works etc・ SOn fo/maS de/ pRESENT SIMPLE:

I/we/you/they  do readlike work play watch

he/she/it  does readslikes works plays watches

臆Recuerda: く
he/she/it -S: he lives (出e)  my sister plays it rains
- I live in London but my brother lives in Scotland.

have ・。→ has: I have ・。→ he/she/it has

SPELLING (トAp6ndICe 4):

一eS detr舌s de -S/-Ch/一Sh: PaSS → PaSSeS WatCh → watches finish → finishes

tambi5n do → does go → goes

Study → studies carry → carries

臆E/ pRESENT SIMPLE Se USa para eXpreSar COSaS qUe SOn Verdaderas en genera/, O bien que ocurren con
Cierfa frecuencia o habitua/mente. E/ equiva/ente en espa庁o/ es norma/mente e/ Presente de /ndicativo:
- The shops open at 9 o’cIock and dose at 5"30‥・ abren … Cierran …
- He works very hard. He starts at 7.30 and finishes at 8 in the evemng・

7Tabaja … empIeZa … aCaba …

- The Earth goes round the sun. La 77erra gira a/rededor de/ so/・

- We do a lot ofdi鮪nent things m our free time・ Hacemos …

一She’s very clever・ She speaks four languages. Hab/a …

- It costs a lot ofmoney to stay at luxury hotels. Cuesta …

- I read血e newspaper every day Leo e/ peri6dico todos /os dids.

臆ObseWa que I like / he H⊂eS equiva/en a ’me gusta / /e gusta’etc.:

- I like footban. (干c鏡義ll蝶CSここC.) Me gusねe/癌tbo/.
- I don’t like big cities. No me gustan /as grandes ciudades・

-John likes our house. AJohn /e gusfa nuestra casa・

漢EI pRESENT SIMPLE Se L/Sa COn always/never/often/sometimes/usua11y‥

- He always gets up at 7 0’cIock. Se /evanta siempre a /as 7"

- I usually go to work by car but I sometimes walk.

Genera/mente voy a/ trabajO en COChe pero a veces voy a pie.
-Jack never has breakfast. Jack no desayuna nunca・

- It often rains here in sprmg・ Aqur//ueve a menudo en primavera"

i
l

トUnidad 6 i don’t … (presentslmp/e, forma negatIVa)

i
i

> Unldad 7 Do you …?毎vesent s/mp/e, fo,読/nterrOgat/Va)

i
-
i

トUnldad 8 i am doing(present cont/nUOuS)y l do (presents/mp/e)

i
.
 

トUnidad 88 Orden de /aspa/abras en /a frase (always,れeVer, Often, etC )

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

10
 
 
 
∵
I
UNIDAD 5 Ejercicios

5.1. Escribe la forma de estos verbos en tercera persona que acompaña a he/she/it

1. Read reads 8. Do _______ 15. Analise _______

2. Repair _______ 9. Think _______ 16. Evaluate _______
3. Watch _______ 10. Kiss _______ 17. Perform _______
4. Listen _______ 11. Buy _______ 18. Assess _______
5. Love _______ 12. Go _______ 19. Design _______
6. Have _______ 13. Develop _______ 20. Modify _______
7. Push _______ 14. Create _______

5.2. Completa las frases usando la forma correcta de estos verbos:

boil close cost go have like meet open smoke speak teach wash

1. She’s very clever. She _________ for languages.

2. Steve _________ ten cigarettes a day.
3. We usually _________ dinner at 7 o’clock.
4. I _________ films. I often _________ to the cinema.
5. Water_______________ at 100 degrees Celsius.
6. In Britain the banks _________ at 9:30 in the morning.
7. The City Museum _________ at 5 o’clock every evening.
8. Food is expensive. It _________ a lot of money.
9. Shoes are expensive. They _________ a lot of money.
10. Tina is a teacher. She __________ mathematics to young children.
11. Your job is very interesting. You _________ a lot of people.
12. Peter _________ his hair twice a week.

5.3. Observa la información de este cuadro.

How often do you… Bob and Ann George You

1. drink coffee in the morning? never usually -?
2. read newspapers? often never -?
3. get up before 7 o’clock sometimes always -?

Ahora Escribe frases acerca de Bob y Ann, de George, y de ti mismo. Usa always/usally/often/sometimes/never

1. Bob and Ann never drink coffee in the morning.

George __________________________________ newspapers.
I _____________________________

2. Bob and Ann ______________________________

George _____________________________
I _____________________________

3. Bob and Ann ______________________________

____________________________________
______________________________

5.4. Traduce al inglés:

1. Estudio inglés todos los días. _____________________ 5. Siempre cenamos a las 8. (cenar = have dinner) __________
2. Susana trabaja en un hospital. _____________________ ____________________
3. Me gusta programar aplicaciones. 6. A Liz le gusta la música clásica. __________________
________________________ 7. Nunca bebo vino. __________________
4. Mis padres viven en Colombia, pero yo vivo en Bolivia. 8. Voy al cine a menudo. __________________
_________________________
 UNIDAD 6 1 don,t … (presentsimp/e, negaCi6n)

> Unidad 5 1 do/work/like etc,佃reSent SImp/e, af/rmaCI6n)

■ En /a negaci6n de/ pRESENT SIMPLE Se L/Sa don’t/doesn,t:

日飾eの,

She doesn’t smoke.

Noれma.
三三二 He doesn’t work.

No trabaja.

afirmac/6n   , negaCi6n

I work
We play

yOu do
they 1ike

he works
she plays
does
it
1ikes

ーI drink cof遣e but I don,t drink tea. Bebo … nO bebo …

- Sue drinks tea butshe doesn,t drink coffee. … bebe … nO bebe …
「 Ybu don,t speak English very well. No hab/as/ No hab/舌/S …
「 Rice doesn,t grow in cold countries" E/ arrozr)O CreCe …

- Wごdon’t know many people in this 〔own. No conocemos a muchas personas …

- They like coffee but they don,t like tea・ Les gusta e/ caf5 pero r)O /es gus亡a e/ f5.

題Se usa don’t/doesn’t + /n加itivo s/n to qive/do/speak/work etc.)‥

-Bruce doesn’t live in Canbridge. ( … dcc3霊Iivcs … ) … nO Vive ‥○

○ My parents don’t go out very much・ M/S padres no sa/en mucho.

獲ObseWa que en /os siguientes e/emp/os don’ty doesn’t son /a negac/6n y do es e/ verbo ′hacer′
「 I don,t do any homework on Saturdays. No hago deberes /os s舌bados.

- He‡ very lazy He doesn,t do anything‥・ No hace nada"

臆RecL/erda:
I/we/you/血ey don’t   - I don,t like footba11.

he/she/it doesn,t  - He doesn,t like footba11.

- I don’t hke Fred and Fred doesn,t like me. (Frcd dc霊kc競c.)
- My car doesn’t use much petrol・ (坤▼ Caごdc霊=3C … )
- Sometimes he is la-te but it doesn,t happen very often・

トUnldad 7 Do you …?毎resent s/mp/e, fo/ma /nterrOgat/Va)

12
UNIDAD 6 Ejercicios

6.1. Escribe la forma negativa:

1. I play the piano well. I don’t play the piano very well. 4. She works very hard. ______________________
2. Jack plays the piano very well. ______________________ 5. It rains very often here. _________________________
3. You know the answer. ______________________ 6. They do the same thing every day. __________________

6.2. Escribe lo contrario (afirmativo o negativo)

1. I understand. I don´t understand. 5. They speak English. ______________________

2. He doesn´t smoke. He smokes. 6. I don´t want it. ______________________
3. They know. ______________________ 7. She doesn’t want them. ______________________
4. She loves him. ______________________ 8. He lives in Rome. ______________________

6.3. Observa la información del cuadro y escribe frases con el verbo like

Do you like…? Bill and Rose Carol You

Classical music? Yes No -?
Boxing? No Yes -?
Horror films? No Yes -?
Dogs? Yes No -?

1. Bill and Rose like classical music 3. Bill and Rose……………………….

Carol ……………………………… Carol………………………………
I ………………………classical music. I…………………………………
2. Bill and Rose………………………… 4. Bill and Rose……………………….
Carol……………………………… Carol………………………………
I………………………………… I…………………………………

6.4. Completa las frases. Todas son negativas. Usa don´t/doesn´t + uno de los siguientes verbos:

Cost drive go know play see sell smoke wash wear

1. Have a cigarette. … No, thank you. I don´t smoke

2. They………………………………. newspapers in that office.
3. She has a car but she……………………… very often.
4. I like films but I …………………………. to the cinema very often.
5. He smells because he……………………………… very often.
6. It´s a cheap hotel. It……………………………………… much to stay there.
7. He likes football but he …………………………………… very often.
8. I………………………… much about politics.
9. She is married but she ……………………… a ring.
10. He lives near our house but we…………………………him very often.

6.5. Traduce al inglés:

1. No voy de compras muy a menudo 5. Mi hermano no fuma y no come carne.

(ir de compras = go shopping) _________________________________
_________________________________ 6. Teresa habla francés, pero no habla inglés.
2. No conocemos a nuestros vecinos (vecino = neighbour) _________________________________
_________________________________ 7. Viven en un piso grande, pero no les gusta. (piso = flat)
3. Luis no trabaja en España _________________________________
_________________________________ 8. Normalmente no salimos por la noche. (por la noche = in the
4. Mi padre conduce un camión, pero no le gusta su trabajo evening)
(conducir=drive; trabajo = job) _________________________________
_________________________________
 UN漢DAD 7 Do you …?毎vesentsimp/e, forma /nterrogativa)

トUnldades 5-6 1 do/i don’t (preser)t S/mp/e, formas a加mat/V∂ y negat/Va)

S Se usa do/does en /a fo/ma /nterrogativa de/ pRESENT SIMPLE:

a柘maci6n   /nterrogaci6n

- Where do they work? JD6nde trabajan?

- Do you play chess? JJuegas a/ ajedrez?
- What sort of乱ms does she like? JOu5 tipo de pe侮u/as /e gustan?

獲Observa e/ orden de /as pa/abras en estas frases /nterrogativas:

do/does +   Sし互eto    +  /研nitivo

Where Howoften
do Do yOu
yOurParentSusuaⅡy work
止ve? OnSaturdays?
Do 亡hey 止ke music?
do yOu wash yourhair?
What Howmuch do yOu do atweekends?
Does Chris 0氏en play tennis?
does it COSt toflytoRome?
What does thisword mean?

看Observa que en /a pregunta What do you do? = /Oue haces (de profesi6n)? e/ primer do es para /a
interrogaci6n y e/ otro do es e/ verbo ′hacer’:
- `What do you do?’ `I workinabank.’
- What does your father do?

易Recuerda:
do I/we/you/they  - Do they like music?
does he/she/it      - Does he like music?

臆RespL/eS亡aS breves (トU印dad 37):

尊く盈了hey霊s. No,(#:/theyg±三・,.

- `Doyou smoke?’ `No, I don,t.’

- `Do they speak English?’ `Yるs’they do.,
- `Doeshe work hard?’ `Ybs, he doe§.’
- `Doe§ yOur Sister live in London?’ `No, §he doesn’t.’

> UnIdad 8 l am doing(presentcont/nuOUS)y I do (βresents/mp/e)

14
UNIDAD 7 Ejercicios

7.1. Imagina que estás hablando con alguien. Hazle preguntas usando Do/Does…?

1. I work hard. And you? … Do you work hard? 6. I smoke. And your father? …
2. I play tennis. And you? … 7. I do exercise every morning. And you? …
3. I play tennis. And Ann? … 8. I speak English. And your friends? …
4. I know the answer. And you? … 9. I want to be famous. And you? …
5. I like hot weather. And you? …

Escribe ahora preguntas empezando por Where/What/How…?

10. I wash my hair twice a week. (how often / you?) …

11. I live in London. (Where /you? Where …
12. I watch TV every day) how often /you?) …
13. I have lunch at home. (where /you?) …
14. I get up at 7:30. (what time / you?) …
15. I go to the cinema a lot. (how often / you?) …
16. I go to work by bus. (how / you?) …

7.2. Escribe preguntas usando los verbos de la lista y las palabras entre paréntesis

Cost do do go have like play rain smoke speak

1. (he)…………………… often …………. volleyball? 1. Yes, he is a good player.

2. (you) Excuse me, …………………………. English? 2. Yes, a little.
3. (you) What……………………………………? 3. I’m a secretary.
4. (your sister) What……………………………….? 4. She works in a shop.
5. (she)…………………………………………? 5. Yes, 20 cigarettes a day.
6. (it) How often…………………………… in summer? 6. Not often. It’s usually dry.
7. (you)…………………………………… dancing? 7. Yes, I love it.
8. (they) What time ……………usually……….to bed? 8. 10 o’clock.
9. (you) What………………usually……… for breakfast? 9. Toast and coffee.
10. (it) How much………………….to stay at this hotel? 10. 30 dollars a night.

7.3. Escribe respuestas breves afirmativas o negativas (Yes, he does / No, I don’t etc.)

1. Do your smoke? … 4. Does your mother speak English? …

2. Do you live in a big city? … 5. Do you play a musical instrument? …
3. Do you drink a lot of coffee? … 6. Does it rain a lot where you live? …

7.4. Traduce al inglés:

1. ¿Dónde trabajan? … 6. ¿Qué hace tu madre? “es profesora” …

2. ¿Habla Ud. Español? … 7. ¿Con qué frecuencia vas al teatro? …
3. ¿Le gusta su trabajo a Pilar? (trabajo=job) … 8. ¿Qué quiere decir ‘ride’? …
4. ¿A qué hora te acuestas? … 9. ¿Cuánto cuesta esta cámara? …
5. ¿Te gusta el café o prefieres té? …

7.5. Traduce al español:

1. My teacher draws on the board very well. …

2. We laugh a lot in our college classes. …
3. He doesn’t knock on the door before he comes in. …
4. I cut my finger when I cook. …
5. The computer analyst explains things clearly. …
6. Young people climb mountains very often. …
 UN漢DAD 8 I am doing(presentcontinuous)y
l do (f)reSent Simp/e)

> Unldades 3-4 (f)reSentCOntinuous) > Unidades 5-7 (presents/mp/e)

’高 言 ∴茜 ∴

Jim is watching television.

He is ”Ot Playing the guitar"
ヾ:=ゝ・
l         川刷出 I
ButJim has a guitar.
′・ト 冊 一髪饗′“i-
-〇一一」i・

He ofien plays it and he plays very weⅡ・

Jim plays the guitar

but he i§ nOt Playing the guitar now

Is he playing the guitar? No, he isn’t・ (PRESENT CONTINUOUS)

Does he play the guitar? Yるs, he does. @RESENT SIMPLE)

獲SG usa e/ pRESENT CONTINUOUS para eXpreSar a/go que esf5 ocurriendo ahora, en e/ momento de
hab/ar:
/ I am working (acci6n en curso) = trabajo (ahora) / estQy trabajando

I am working

ーPlease be qulet. I’m working‥. Estoy trabajando.

一Tbm is having a shower at the moment. … Se eSt舌duchando …

- Tbke an umbrella・ It,s raining‥・ L/ueve" / Est舌//oviendo’

- Ybu can tum offthe television. I’m not watching it‥・ No /a veo・ / No /a estoy viendo.

- Why are you under the table? What are you doing? … iOu台haces / estきs haciendo?

菓Se usa e/ pRESENT SIMPLE COn Va/or genera/ para expresar a/go que ocurre habitua/mente o con cierfa
frecuencia:
I work (en genera/, COS∂S habitua/es) = trabajo

一〇〇輸〇〇〇〇一一〇-〇〇〇〇〇〇〇---〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇-I work 〇〇〇〇〇--一一〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇-〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇〇書-

/ - Iworkeverydayfrom 9 o’dockunti1 5.00. 7tabajotodos/os d居s …

- Tbm has a shower every mommg. 7t)m Se ducha todas /as ma庁anas.

- Itrains alotinwinter. L/ueve …

- I don’t watch television very often・ No veo /a te/evisi6n 〇・・

- What do you usua皿y do at the weekend? /Oue haces r)Orma/mente …?

臆No uses /os verbos siguientes en pRESENT CONTINUOUS (I am -ing):

Want like love hate need pref料 depend know mean understand believe
remember forget

Usa/os so/amente en pRESENT SIMPLE (I want / do you like? ctc,)

「 I’m tired・ Iwant to go home. (I七群議iti蒔) … Quiero …
「A: Do you knowthatgirl? JConoces…?

B: Yes, but I don,t remember her name‥. nO reCuerdo …

- I don,t under§tand. What do you mean?

No entiendo. JOu6 quieres decir?

16
UNIDAD 8 Ejercicios
8.1. Contesta las preguntas sobre los dibujos
I’m a photographer. I’m a bus driver. I’m a window cleaner. We’re dancers.

1. Does he take photographs? Yes, he does. Is he taking a photograph? No, he isn’t.

What is he doing? He’s having a bath.
2. Does he drive a bus? ______________ . Is she driving a bus? _____________ . What is she doing? _______________
3. Does he clean windows? ______________. Is he cleaning a window? ____________ . What is he doing? ______________
4. Do they dance? ______________ . Are they teaching? ______________ . What are they doing? __________________

8.2. Completa las frases con am/is/are/do/don´t/does/doesn’t

1. Excuse me, __ do __ you speak English? 6. Where______________ you come from? From Canada.
2. Have a cigarette. No, thank you. I ______________ smoke 7. How much ______________ it cost to send a letter?
3. Why____________ you laughing at me? 8. I can´t talk to you at the moment. I ______________ working
4. What_______________ She do? She’s a dentist 9. George is a good tennis player but he _________ play very
5. I _____________ want to go out. It ____________ raining often.

8.3. Pon el verbo en PRESENTE CONTINOUS (I am doing) o en PRESENTE SIMPLE (I do).

1. Tom is having (have) a shower at the moment.

2. They don’t watch (not / watch) television very often.
3. She’s tired. She ___________________ (want) to go home now.
4. How often ___________________ (you / read) a newspaper?
5. Excuse me, but you ___________________ (sit) in my place. Oh, I’m sorry
6. I’m sorry. I ___________________. (not/understand). Please speak more slowly.
7. ‘Where are you, Roy? I’m in the sitting-room. I ___________________. (read)
8. What time ________ she ______ (finish) work every day?
9. You can turn off the radio. I ___________________. (not / listen) to it.
10. He ___________________ (not / usually / drive) to work. He usually ___________________. (walk).

8.4. Traduce al inglés:

1. Eva está tocando el piano … 5. ¿Qué haces? Estoy estudiando. …

2. Normalmente bebo té, pero hoy bebo café 6. ¿Puedes apagar la radio? No la escucho. …
… 7. ¿Qué hacen Agustín y Laura? Son médicos.
3. ¿Qué están haciendo Juan y Luisa? Están viendo la …
televisión … 8. Me gusta esa voz. ¿Quién canta? (voz = voice)
4. ¿Entiendes lo que quiero decir? (lo que = what) 9. …
… 10. Me voy ahora ¡Adiós! …

8.5. Traduce al español:

1. Project managers coordinate the efforts of a team of programmers and analysts. …

2. They analyze technical problems for their company. …
3. They propose solutions and tips to enhance productivity. …
4. Systems managers analyze a company’s technology needs. …
5. They oversee the implementation of appropriate data systems. …
6. They evaluate software, hardware and networking. …
7. Security analysts create systems to protect information room cyber-attacks. …
8. They anticipate problems and install systems to prevent them. …
9. They have strong problem-solving skills. …
UN音DAD 9 音watched/c音eaned/went etc,偏StSimp/e)

I I watch l television every evening.

PRESENT SIMPLE: fodas /as noches 盤AY圃・剰
watched television yesterday evemng・

PAST SIMPLE. ayer POr /a noche

EI pAST SIMPLE fiene /a misma forma detr舌s de

I/you/he/she etc" :

I/we/you/they
he/she/it
watched
三三二毒≒
こ-=三二二

回L∂ fo/ma a朽mat/va de/ pAST SIMPLE de /os verbos /egU/ares fermina en -ed:
work -→ worked clean -→ cleaIled start -→ started

Stay → stayed live → lived dance → danced

- I usually start work at 9 but yesterday I started at 9.30.

Norma/men亡e empiezo a trabajar a /as 9, per。 ayer empeCe a /as 9.30.
- Ttrry worked in a bank from 1981 to 1986‥・ trabaj6 …
- Yesterday it rained a11 mommg. It stopped at lunchtime‥・ //ovi6 ‥" Par6 …

- They eIjoyed the party last night. They danced a lot and talked to a lot of‘people・ The party

finished at midnight. Se divi面eron en /a rfesta … Bai/aron … hab/aron …亡ermin6 …

SPELLING (> Ap6ndice 4):

Study → studied marry → married

StOP → stoPPed plan → Planned

臆A/gunos verbos son /rregu/ares (no forman e/ pAST SIMPLE COn -ed). Aqur fienes a/gunos de /os m舌s
詳喜劇語意

frecuentes (encontrar言s mきs en /os Ap6ndices l-2):

begin (empezar)→ began get (トUnldad 51)。→ ring (te/efonea〃sonaI) -→ rang

break (rompeI)  broke give (dar) Say (deciI)     said

bring (tra eリ   brought go (iI) See (Ve/)        saw

build (COnStruiI) built have (teneリ sell (vender)     sold

buy (COmpraI)  bought hear (Oiり Sit (SentarS?)     sat

CatCh (COgeリ   caught know (Saber) Sleep (dormi′)    slept

COme (Venir)   came leave (d?ja r/irse) speak (hab/a′)    spoke

do (haceI)    did lose (perdeI) stand (estar de pie)  stood

drink (bebeI)  drank make (hacer) take (tomar//Ievar)  took

eat (COmer)   ate meet (encontrar) met tell (deciI)      told

亀Ⅱ (Caer)    応11 Pay (pagar)  paid think (t)enSa r)    thought

find (encontraI) found Put (t)Oner)   put win teanaI)      won

fly (VO/ar)    血ew read (/eeリ    read (/red/) Write (escribi/)    wrote

forget (O/vida/) forgot

- I usually get up early but last Saturday I got up at lO‥・ me /evant6 …

- We did a lot ofhousework yesterday. Hicimos.‥

- Caroline went to the cinema three times last week. -… fue …

- Mr Tもdd came into the room, tOOk offhis coat and sat down.

… entr6 … Se qUit6 … Se Sent6.

喜E/ pAST SIMPLE (I drank/I sat e亡c.) equiva/e norma/men亡e a/ Pret台rito perfecto simpIe (O Pret5rito
indef/nido) de/ espa肩o/ (beb〃me sent5 etc.), perO en a/gunos casos equiva/e a/ Pret6ri亡o /mperfecto:
- She wanted to speak to you. Ouerfa hab/ar contigo.
- Nobody knew the way Nadie sabia/conoc/a e/ camino.

> Unidad lO l didn’t.,. Did you ,.,? (past slmp/e, formas negat/Va e /nterrOgat/Va)

18
JNIDAD9 Ejercicios

9,1 Comp/eta /as在oses con e/ pASTSIMPLE de uno de /os verbos siguientes:

cle an di e eIj oy fini sh h app en live OPen Play rain smoke

§ tart S tay Want  撃atCH,

1 Y料erday evenmg I …W秘hed………… television"

2 I …………………………・ my teeth three times yesterday

3 Bemard …………………………. 20 cigarettes yesterday evenmg・

4 The concert last night ‥・  ………‥ at 7.30 and.… at lO o’clock.

5 The accident …………………………. 1ast Sunday aftemoon.

6 When I was a child, I..……………………….. tO be a doctor.

7 Mozart …………………….……缶om 1756 to 1791.

8 We ………………………・二・・ Our holiday last year・ We …………‥・…・・ at a very good hotel.

9 Tbday the weather lS nice, but yesterday it.…

10 Itwas hotinthe room, SO I.………………………… the window

11 The weather was good yesterday aftemoon, SO We ‥・・  …‥・・・… temlS.

12 W皿am Shakespeare …………………………・ in 1616.

豊霊

園田
閣議国

9,2 Escribe e/ pAST SIMPLE de /os verbos siguientes:

千一2 3 4

3 4 ︻ト) /〇
○ノ 0 イ1 2

円 軸 門出 引田
-i⊃ /0 7 8
誌

get q 〇七
m

孔‖S賀‖はS国‖
ak
。

9,3 EScribe f/,∂SeS SObre e/ pasado (yesterday/last week etc・)・

l⊥ 2 3 4 ﹁⊃ /0 7 8 0ノ 0 イ⊥ 2 3 4

He always goes to work by car. Yesterday ‥h鋤鍋b壌.硬水擁e糾

They always get up early This mormng they
Bill often loses his keys. He
I write a letter toJane every week. Last week
She meets her friends every evemng・ She yesterday evenlng.
I usually read two newspapers every day. yest e rday
They come to my house every Friday Last Friday
We usuauy go to the cinema on Sunday. last Sunday
Tbm always has a shower in the mommg・ this mommg・
1 一   l

They buy a new car every year. Last year

I eat an orange every day Yesterday
last Monday
l

We usua皿y do our shopplng On Monday

l

Am often takes photographs. Last weekend

this mommg.
l

We leave home at 8.30 every mommg.

9,4 Escribe舟・aSeS diciendo que hiciste ayer o qu5 ocurri6 ayer

1 2 つJ 4-i⊃

9.5 7taduce a/ /ng/6s:

1 Ayer fui al cine. Me gust6 mucho la pelicula・

2 Ayer vinieron dos policias aqui. Querian verte・

3 Vivi en Argentina desde 1988 hasta 1991

4 Laura sabia tu direcci6n. (direcci6n = address)
5 Andr6s se sent6, abri6 el sobre y ley6 la carta・ (sobre = envelope)

6 Pagamos la cuenta y nos fuimos del restaurante・ (irse de = leave)

7 Jugaban al tenis todos Ios lunes. (todos Ios lunes = every Monday)

19
UN8DAD lO Ididn,t… Didyou…?
佃ast simple, formas negativa e /nterrogativa)

> Unidad 9 I watched/Cieaned/went etc,毎aSt S/mp/e)

菓Se usa did en /as formas negativ∂ e /nterrogativa de/ pAST SIMPLE:
露盤議・egm

in励itivo a在maci6n negac/6n        /n亡errogaci6n

漢do y doe§ de/ pRESENT SIMPLE Se COnViehen en did en e/ pAST SIMPLE:

ーI don’t watch television very often. ーI didn’t watch television yesterday

No veo /a fe/evisi6n a menudo. Ayer no vi /a te/evisi6n.

「 Does she often go out? - Did she go out last night?
lSa/e a menudo? lSaIi6 anoche?

喜En /a /nterrogaci6n y en /a negaci6n de/ pAST SIMPLE Se USa did/didn,t + /nfinitivo sin `to’

(watch/clean/have etc. ):
I watched pero I didn’t watch (I黒土’轟鴇瓦cd)
he went pero did he go?  (掌己hc l㌃C:÷t?)

「 I played terms yesterday but I didn’t win. Jugu5 … nO g∂n5.

- Don didn’t have breakIふt this moming. Pc:二島暴’t擁Cal孟3t …)

葛They went to血e cinema but they didn’t eIrioy the film.

fueron … perO nO /es gust6 ‥.

菓ObseWa que en e/ siguiente ejemp/o didn’t es /a r)egaCi6n y do es e/ verbo ′hacer’:

- We didn’t do much work yesterday No hicimos …

■ ObseWa e/ orden de /as pa/abras en /as preguntas con did:

did十 su/eto十   /研nitivo

What Did
did Sue
yOu give
do youabirthdaypresent?
yesterdayevenmg?
How did theaccident happen?
Where did yOurParentS gO fortheirholidays?

菓Respuestas breves (> Unidad 37):

Yds’(#’they)did. No,(#’they)didn・t.

ー`Did you seeJoe yesterday?’ `No, I didn’t.’

- `Did it rain on Sunday?’ `Ybs, it did.’

- `Did Helen come to the party?’ `No, She didn,t.’
- `Did your friends have a good holiday?, `Ybs’they did.

20
JNIDAD lO Ejercicios

10,1 CompIe亡a estas frases con el verbo en forma negativa・

1 I sawJohn but上d軌be?§……・ Mary

2 They worked on Monday but they ・…………………‥・…・ On TlleSday.
3 We went to the shop but we ………・・・…・…………・ tO the bank.

4 She had a pen but she ………………………‥ any Paper・

5 Jack did French at school but he ………………………・・ German・

10.2 Est6s haci6ndo/e preguntas a ∂/guien, EScribe/as usando Did.・・?

・-﹁-;) ⊥-こ-

I watched TV last night. And you?...的.y糾.va軸Jy・l粥鼻面g般・・・?

I erjoyed the party. And you? ……………‥ yOu

I had a good holiday And you?

I got up early this mommg・ And you?
I slept we11 last night. And you?

10.3 JQue hiciste ayer? 7bs f/’aSeS PUeden ser a裾mativas o nega亡ivas・

こ 紳atchTV) l watGhec] TV准5terday・ (o l didr’t wa七ch TVJ(eGtenday・ )

二日et up before 7.30)

5凪ave a shower)
阜@uy a magazine)
5密peak En如sh)
6 uo an examination)
￣紅亡meat)

S tso to bed before lO・30)

10事4 EScribe preguntas usando Who/What/How/Why...?

I met somebody.   Who …・did.yQ・叫・m紬∴…・?

一﹁-﹁二 王` こ-孟--

H虹ry arrived・    What time

I saw somebody Who
They wanted something. What
The meeting finished. What time
P加went home early.  Why
隔たhad dinner.     What
ミIt cost a lot ofmoney. How much

10。5 Pon e/ verbo en /a forma correcねdel pAST SIMPLE (a裾mativa, negativa o /nterrogativa)・
口Ⅵ地批
:-﹁--J 上▲-﹁) 子種一

(play) temis yesterday but I.d振頼卵頑!工・‥ (not / win)

….…………‥ (wait) a long time for the bus but i上 (not / come).
at’s a nlCe Shlrt Where          (you / buy) 1t?
… (see) mebutshe...・・…・……………….∵………・ (not / speak) to me.

(it / rain) yesterday?’ `No, it was a mCe day.’

That was a stupid thing to do・ Why (you / do) it?

10。6 7taduce a/ /ng/es:

二三LimplaSte la cocina ayer?

: Ayer no cenamos en casa. (cenar = have dinner)

うくさViste la televisi6n anoche?’ `No. Sali con mis amlgOS.
上山-⊃ 〆捷-

とA qu6 hora empez6 la reuni6n?

乏Por qu6 viniste tan tarde? (tan tarde = so late)
No compr6 aque11a cam王sa porque no me gustaba・

Joaquin y Lucia pasaron el fin de semanajuntos. (pasar = spend)

§ Marta 11eg6 tarde porque tuvo un accidente.

21
 UN8DAD ll was/were

糾う丁…③ iく4L日1鵬・ 迅 裁謙 N°WNow Charlie is at work.

At midnight last night he wasn’t at

∴∴二三 さ
work.

He was in bed.
He wa§ aSleep・
= 川 用 叩

am/is (PRESENT) → WaS (PAST):

￣¥ - I am tired. I was tired last night.
EStoy cansado/a. Estaba cansado/a anoche.
「 Is she a student? Wなs she a student when you met her?

iEt estudiante? iE/a eStudi∂nte Cuando /a conociste?

- It isn’t cold today It wasn’t cold yesterday moming.
No hace鮪o hoy No hizo舟.fo ayerpor /a ma庁ana.

are (PRESENT) → were (PAST):

- They aren’t here. They weren’t here last Sunday.
No est5n aqL/子 No estuvieron aqur e/ domingo p∂Sado.
- We are hungry We were hungry ye§terday aftemoon.
7七nemOS hambre. 7七n/amos hambre ayer por /a tarde.

a#rmaci6n negaci6n in terroga c i6n

I WaSnOt
he
she (wasn’t)

it

We WerenOt
yOu (weren’t)
they

漢was/were corresponden norma/mente a/ Pret5rito /mperfecto o a/ Preterito perfecto simp/e (O Pret5rito

indefinido) de ’ser’o ‘estar’en espa庁o/:
- The hotel was very comfortable and it wasn’t expensive" … era … nO fue …

- Where were you at 3 o’cIock yesterday aftemoon? J… eStabas …?

- Those shoes are nice. ‘W7bre they expensive? Jfueron …?

- Why was he angry yesterday? dr. eStaba …?

Pero observa que en a/gunas expresiones pueden corresponder a ‘tener’o ‘hacer’(トUnidad l):
- When I was a child, I was afraid ofdogs‥. era r)iho … terfe m/edo …

- We were tired after the joumey but we weren’t hungry.

Est舌bamos cansados … nO [enfamos hambre.

- Ⅵs the weather good when you were on holiday? JHizo buen fiempo … eStabas …?
- Lastyearshewas 22, SO Sheis 23 now … tenia22 ahos … tiene …

喜Respuestas breves (トUnidad 37):

噂(豊豊y蒜 N。,(豊豊y請託
ー`Ⅵねre you late?’ `No, I wasn’t.’

- `Wなs Tbd at work yesterday?’ `Yるs, he was.’

- `’VUere they at the party?’ `No, they weren’t.

22
JNIDAD ll Ejercicios

11.1 Observa /os dibujos y /eSpOnde a /a pregunta: Where were these people at 3 o’dock yesterday
aftemoon?

之  ㊤ え  γ′.壬. 3 .な. 蘭か

4  雛.す 専  巧
綾 4

鹸-ゴ 購妨II∀   し′ /

?(● 争 業邁 中 松 ●〇〇〇  ) l rプ’帝京∴塁●㌔’{

慧窯率∴-.・・   、高岩

白巨O尾匂互 乙AヱO」AND邦書くま 多い冨 柄尾AND周蹄臥にと巳 多事N

Geo「9e Wa9 in ♭ed・

Car0l and Jack

11,2 Comp/eta /as frases con am/is/are/was/were, A/gunas estうn en presente y otras en pasado・
よ234与67891

Lastyearshe …雄線…… 22, SOShe …帝 …・ 23now

Tbday the weather ・……………・ nice, but yesterday it ……………‥ COld・

I ……………‥ hungry Can I have something to eat?

I ……………‥ hungry last night, SO I had something to eat.

Where …………….・ yOu at = o’dock last Friday mommg?

Don’t buy those shoes. They ……………‥ tOO eXPenSive.

Why ……,.・……‥ yOu SO angry yeSterday?

We must go now It ……………‥ Very late・

0n1

This time last year I ……………‥ in Paris.

Ⅵた……………‥ tired when we arrived home, SO We Went tO bed.

Charlie Chaplin died in 1978・ He ……………‥ a famous film star・
2

`Where…. ……the children?’ `I don’tknow They.…

in the garden ten minutes ago.’

11,3 Comp/eta /as h’aSeS COn was/wasn’t/were/weren’t.

1 2 つJ 4-i⊃ /0

We didn,t like our hotel room. It vy線……… Very Small and it鵬甜与… Very Clean・
Kate got married when she ……………‥ 24 years old・

I phoned you yesterday evemng but you …・ at home. Where you?

George …‥-……‥ at WOrk last week because he … ill. He’s better now

The shops ……………‥ OPen yeSterday because it … a public holiday

`  ……. yOu athome at 9.30?’ `No,上…・…・…・‥
…. at WOrk.’

11,4 Escribe pregunねs apropiadas.

2 I met some people.

3 I did an examination.
4 I bought some boots.
う I went to a museum.

11,5 7Taduce a/ /ng/es:
イ1 2 3 4 "⊃   /0 7

Estuve en la oficina hasta las 7

とD6nde estabas esta mafiana a las lO?
Ths padres fueron muy amables. (amables = kind)
Era tarde, teniamos hambre y hacia丘io.
Mi hermana tenia miedo de los ratones cuando era ni充a. (los ratones = mice)

とA qu6 hora era el concierto?

とHizo buen tiempo?’ `Estuvo nublado.’

23
 UNIDAD 12 I was doing(f)aStCOntinuous)

Now it is 6 0’cIock.

Sarah is at home. NOW ら0-cしoc皮 °     イ0-cしOCk

She is watching television.
ESできviendo …

At 4 o’clock she wasn’t at home.

She was at the sports dub・

誕①  ′ ㊤
She was playing temis.
EStaba /Ugando …

She wasn’t watching television.

No estaba viendo …

喜La forma was/were -ing (doing/playing/working etc.) es e/ pAST CONT【NUOUS y Se uSa para eXpreSar
/o que ocur存e o est∂ba ocurriendo en e/ pasado.

afirmaci6n negaci6n interrogaci6n

千∴二べ,I WaS-ing I he WaSnOt -ing

he
WaS I he she it 一ing?
she she it (wasn’t)

it

We Were-ing We yOu they WerenOt -ing

yOu Were We yOu they ーing?
(weren’t)
they

ー`What were you doing at =.30 yesterday?, `I was working・,

′iOu6 esねbas haciendo/hac居s …?’ ’EStaba frabaj∂ndo. / 7tabajaba.’

- `What did he say?, `I don,t know I wasn’t listening・,

’… No estaba escuchando./No escuchaba∴

- It was rammg, SO We didn’t go out.

- In 1980 they were living in Canada・

- Tbday sheS wearmg a Skirt’but yesterday she was wearing trousers.

- I woke up early yesterday. It was a beauti細moming. The sun was shining and the birds were

看Observa /as d雁rencias entre e/ pRESENT CONTINUOUS (am/is/are -ing) y e/ pAST CONTINUOUS

(wa§/were -ing) ∂Sr COmO Su eqUivaIenc/a en eSpa庁o/:

I am doing = hago/es亡oy hac/endo I was doing = hacia/estaba haciendo

ーI’m working. - I was working at lO・30 last night.

77’abajo/EStQy trabajando. 帝abajaba/Esきaba trabajando …

- It isn’t raining・ - It wasn’t raining when we went out.

No //ueve/No est舌//oviendo. No //ov/a/No estaba //oviendo …

- What are you doing? - What were you doing at 3 0’clock?

iOu5 haces/estきs haciendo? iOue hacias/estabas haciendo …?

SPELLING (make → making, run → running, lie → lying etc.) >Ap6ndice4

トUnidad 13 l was doing(past cont’nUOUS)y l did (t)aStS/mpIe)

24
UNIDAD 12 Ejercicios

12,1 Observa /os dibし痢S, JD6nde esfaban estas personas ayer a /as 3? JOu6 es亡aban haciendo? Escribe
dos frases acerca de cada dibujo.

山 俄的し川D此L . 丁OM 州尺AN♪川彫M4負)N  罪

●  」_ヽ・ .亀. ●" 圏 ∴;
【麿田園臆漢:￨`ゞ高書 摩寄 j

g 骸 ●l l 三や、・膏・・ 多  等葦 常l

(此心調e/国の此れW 近伽〇九n餅肌I肌妨)α伽 高橘∽γ/よれ准, め的知的向山骨頂的諒 山的e野k小耳埠

Aれn Wa5a七ho調e 9he wa5

2 Carol andJack
3 4 ○○ /0

12,2 Sarah hizo muchas cosas ayer por /a mahana. Observa /os dib可OS y eSCribe una在ose sobre cada
un○○                  ここヂ容
遥 8・博一8・乙与  ) 8・30-千・IO      琉 q・3o-1〇・〇〇ぐ I之・ろ○○上○○  ′  ●

輝 く￣○ ￣ 珍鳥 言良種

I● 〇〇〇 〇 〇 ∠フ
〇“ 。ヽ 〃 (○ 嗣I ÷・。。撃≡

h博el♭鵬じ 舵調印のn帥ヂ申P∽ 胴功/he子のγ 転勤佃肌捗もl 糾し肌 COOk

4 At12.50
2 At=.45she 与 At8.15
3 At90’dock 6 AtlO.30

12,3 Escribe preguntas L/Sando was/were -ing y /as pa/abras entre parentesis・

1 (what / Tim / do / when you saw him?) "地租W縛・丁面dg項g.wh帥y鋤.貌両面・・?

2 (what / you / do / at n o’dock?)   What
3 (what / she / wear / yesterday?)
4 (it / rain / when you went out?)
5 (where / you / 1ive / in 1981?)

12,4 Observa e/ dib可o. Ayer por /aねrde encontraste a Joe en /a ca//e・ /Oue estaba haciendo? Escribe
frases afirmativas o r)ega亡ivas.
伍、ハ甲伍、パ時価、伍、
.
t
1 2 つJ 4 5 /0

e
k
G
a
j
g
n
i
r
a
e
w
t
’
n
G
e
H
)
t
k
C
a
﹂
/
r
e
/e
w
smoke
apipe) e
/
carry
abag) e
/
carry
an
umbre11a)

/ go / to the dentist)
e/wear/ahat)

12.5 7taduce a/ /ng/es:

1 En 1989 viviamos en Seviua.

2 !Qu6 hacian los estudiantes en el laboratorio? (laboratorio = laboratory)
(▲J 4-i⊃ /0

Sandra llevaba una falda y una blusa・

`とQu6 hacias ayer a las 12?’ `Estaba durmiendo.’

No estaban estudiando. Estaban viendo la televisi6n.

Tbm estaba en la cocina. Estaba haciendo un pastel・ (pastel = cake)

2う
UN漢DAD 13 1 was doing(pastcontinuous)y音did (pastsimp/e)

トUnldad 12 i was doing(f)aStCOnt/nUOuS)      > Unidades 9-10 1 did (f)aStS/mpI?)

Jack was reading a book. The phone rang. He stopped reading.  He answered the phone.

… /eia/estaba /eyendo …  … SOn6. D?j6 de leer.       Contest6 a/ te/efono.

臆E/ pAST SIMPLE (I did), COmO e/ Preで5rito perfecto simp/e de/ espaho/, eXpreSa una aCCi6n conc/uida:

一`What happened?’ `The phone rang・’

′iOu台pas6?’ ′E/ fe/efono son6.’

- `what didJack do when the phone rang?’ `He stopped reading and answered the phone・’
- We played temis yesterday (from 3.00 unti1 4.00).
- Did you watch the創m on television last night?

看E/ pAST CONTINUOUS (I was doing) expresa una acci6n que duraba en e/ pasado. Norma/mente
COrreSpOnde a/ Pret5rito /mperfecto de/ espaho/ o a ‘estaba/estabas etc. haciendo//eyendo/ugando
etc∴
- `What was Jack doing when the phone rang?’ `He was reading a book・’
′iOue estaba haciendoJack …?’ ′Estaba /eyendo …’

葛`What were you doing at 3.30?’ `we were playing temis.’

■ Compara e/ pAST CONTINUOUS y e/ pAST SIMPLE:

-Jack was reading a book when the phone rang・ Jack /efa / estaba /eyendo …

pero Jack read the newspaper yesterday Jack /ey6 …

- I started work at 9.00 and finished at 4.30. At 2.30 I was working.
Empece …  … termine …  … eSt∂ba frabajando.

菓Como en espaho/, eS frecuente combinar /os dos fiempos para expresar una acci6n que duraba (pAST
CONTINUOUS) y otra que ocurri6 en un momento o que /a /nterrumpi6 (pAST SIMPLE):

:<  paStCOntinuous : >   :<… paStCOntinuous : i >

pastlsimp/e O pas亡simp/e

ーWhen we went out, it was raining・

Cuando sa/imos, eStaba //oviendo.

- I §aW Lucy and Tbm this mormng. They were standing at the bus-StOP.

V/ a Lucyy 7bm esta ma庁ana. Estaban (de pie) en /a parada de/ autobds.
- Were you watching television when I phoned you?
iEsねbas viendo /a fe/evisi6n cuando fe //am台?
-Joy f糾asleep while she was reading・ (Whiie> Unldad 93)

Joy se qued6 dormida mientras /eia / estaba /eyendo.

26
JNIDAD 13 Ejercicios

13,1 Observa /os dibujos y escribe frases usando e/ pAST CONTINUOUS O e/ pAST SIMPLE.

E/emp/o (Observa e/ dib可O de /a p舌gina an亡erior): Uack / read / a book) J

(the phone / ring) …The.

He an5We「ed the
(he / answer / the phone)

勘, ヂ 1シ ′
 フ 圭二二三∴ (Tbm / walk / down the street)

(he / see /Jack)

1
(he / say / hello)

認四書書目
)U、l蟹 ∵:“室 考/紘’ ′夕 (they / sit / in the garden)

(it / start / to rain)

ヽ-_ ●重  ク ー  d →

(they / go / into the house)

季三三=雪 d  d /. 7・’
d (’ //〃 /・/

岬・腿 iI 三言∴ し1(「「 ′・う lで (Carol / paint / the room)

(she / fa皿/ offthe ladder)

(she / break / her arm)

13.2 Comp/eta /as #’aSeS COn e/ verbo en pAST CONTINUOUS (I was doing) o en pAST SIMPLE (I did)・
1 2 つJ 4 ﹁⊃

When we …鵬喧…. (go) out, it …朋S.頓tl南g.….. (rain).

I wasn’t hungry last night. I ….d!d.姉.?誹…. (not/eat) anything.

W針?.y拙朋攻囲ng…‥ (you/watch) television when I..Phe鵬d…‥ (phone) you?

Jane wasn’t at home when I went to see her. She (wo rk)
(get) up early thlS mOmmg I (wash) ,
(dress) and then I (have) breakfast
6 The postman (come) whlle I (have) breakfast
7 Ⅵた (meet) Joan at the party She (wear) a red dress
8 Theboys やreak) a wmdow when they 厄l叩)あotb皿
9 I was late but my fhends ………‥.…‥. (wait) for me when I

lO I . (get) up at 7 o’cIock. The sun ‥………… (shine), SO I

(go)ゐr a w記k.
ll He … (not/drive) fast when the accident.… ……… (happen)・

12 Margaret ………… (not/go) to work yesterday. She was i11.

13 `What … (you/do) on Saturday evening?’ `I went to the cinema.

14 `What … (you/do) at 9.30 on Saturday evening?’

`I
(watch) a film in the cinema.’

13.3 77aduce a/ /ng/5s
1   2 3

Cuando Jack 11eg6 est細amos escuchando las noticias. (noticias = news)

allovia cuando saliste?

(Yb) Estabajugando con el ordenador cuando se fue la luz. (ordenador = computer; irse = go Out)

4 Nevaba cuando me acost6.

5 El telfあno son6 a las 7, PerO yO me eStaba duchando. (ducharse = have a shower)

6 (Yb) Estaba muy ocupada. Tenia mucho trabalo que hacer・ (ocupado = busy)

7 Susana se durmi6 mientras Rafa tocaba el piano. (dormirse = fall asleep)

27
UN回DAD 14 have/has(got)

獲have (got) = tener

Se puede decirhave o have got, has o has goty no cambia
e/ significado.

許‡許got艶
s廿‡s廿got繚 She’s got a headache・
O She has a headache.
77ene do/or de cabeza.
- I’ve got blue eyes. (o I have blue eyes.)わngo /os Qjos azu/es・

- Tim has got two sisters. (O Tim has two sisters.) …亡iene...

- They like animals. They’ve got a horse, three dogs and six cats. ‥. 77enen …
- This car has got four doors.
- I don’t feel very we11. I’ve got a headache.

afirmaci6n interrogac i6n respuestas breves

Y料, I We haw.
No, yOu they haven,t.

Y料, he she it has.

No, hasn,t.

- I’ve got a motorbike but I haven’t got a car・わngo … perO r)O tengO ‥・

- Mr and Mrs Harrison haven’t got any children‥・ nO fienen …

- It’s a nice house but it hasn’t got a garden‥・ nO fiene …

- `Have you got a camera?’ `Yるs, I have.’ ‘i7fenes …?’′S仁

- What have you got in your bag? JOu6 fienes …?

葛`HasAmngotacar?’ `Yる§, Shehas・’ ′i7Tene.,.?’ ′S子’

- What kind ofcar has she got?

田La negaci6n y /as preguntas se pueden hacer fambi5n con do/does + have:
- They don’t have any children・ (二They haven’t got any children・)
- Itis a nice house but it doesn’t have a garden. (= it hasn’t got a garden・)

- Does Am have a car? (二Has Am got a car?)

- How much money do you have? (= How much money have you got?)

田E/ pAST de have/has es had. La negaci6n y /as preguntas se hacen con did + have (>Unidades9-1O):
- I had some money Tenia dinero.
- I didn’t have any money No ten居dinero.
葛Did you have any money? Jleniお/Ten/ais dinero?

田’s puede ser /a contracci6n de has o de is. Observa:

- It’s (It is) a sma皿flat but it’s got (it has got) a nice view

Et un piso peque肩o pero fiene una buena vista.

28
 UNIDAD 14 Ejercicios

14,1 Escribe /a contracci6n (we’ve got / he hasn’t got etc.).

1 wehavegot …頑v?.gQ±………... 3 theyhavegot...…….….…..…….・・. 5 1thasgot

2 hehasgot …………………‥…………・ 4 shehasnotgot.・・・…・…・……・・…・・…… 6 Ihavenotgot

14置2 Escribe preguntas usando /as pa/abras enでre parきntesis.

1 2 3 4 ○○ /0 7

(you/ acamera?) Haveyougotacamera ?

(you / a passport?)
(your father / a car?)
(Carol / many紅ends?)
(Mr and Mrs Lewis / any children?)
(how much money / you?)
(what kind ofcar / John?)

14“3 What have Am andJim got? What

have you got? Observa /a /nfo/maCi6n y
escribe frases sobre Am, Jim y sobre ti aCamera Am佃hり yeS
nO ♪m(砂 γ0扉
フ
mISmO. abicycle yeS nO フ
blackhair nO nO ?
brothers/sisters twobrothers OneSISter ?

1 01m/acamera) Jimha5gOtaCamera. 8 (Am / two brothers)

2 (I / blackhalr) I’vego七♭IaGkhain

(O川ave亜90t♭Iack h鉦) 9 0im / black hair)

3 4-.⊃ /0 7

(Am/acamera) Ann
(I/acanera) I 10 (Am / abicycle)
(I / a bicycle) 11 0im/asister)
Oim / a bicycle) 12 (I / brothers / sisters)
(Ann / black hair)

14.4 Comp/eta /as存’aSeS COn have got (’ve got), has got (’§ gOt), haven’t got o ha§n’t got.
イ1 2 (う 4 ○○ /0 7 8 0ノ O 1 2 3 4

They like animals. They …施.g班…… three dogs and two cats.
Sarah …煽要所をgQ±……. a Car. She goes everywhere by bicyde.
Everybody止kes Tbm. He a lot offriends.
Mr and MrsJohnson two children, a boy and a girl.
An insect
I can’t open the door. I

Quick! Hurry! We much time.

`What’s wrong?’ `I
SOmething m my eye.
Ben doesn’t read much. He many books.
イ⊥ イー イ⊥ l

It’s a nice town. It a very nice shoppmg Centre・

Alice is gomg tO the dentist. She toothache.
`whereもmy newspaper?’ `I don’t know I

Julia wants to go on holiday but she

l

I’m not gomg tO WOrk today I

14,5 7taduce a/ /ngIes:

1 `とCuまntos hermanos tienes?’(hermanos = brothers and sisters) `Tengo una hermana y dos hermanos.’
2 3 4 ○○ /0 7 8

とTienen hijos?
Luis tiene un nuevo trabajo. (trab勾o = job)

とTienes un minuto?
Me duele la cabeza・ iTienes una aspirina?

とQu6 tienes en la mano? (la mano = your hand)

脆ngo muchos amigos en Inglaterra・ (muchos = a lot oO
No tenemos coche porque no tenemos bastante dinero para compramos uno.

29
UN8DAD 15 看havedone(presentperfecf J)

His shoes are dirty He is cleanmg his shoes. He has cleaned his shoes.
Se ha /impiado /os zapatos・

▲:-∴二言:
二幸‡童喜 「

They are at home. They are gomg Out・ They have gone out.
Han sa/ido,

喜has cleaned / have gone etc. son formas de/ pRESENTPERFECT (have/has + parficipio pasado栄):

轟捉t) cleaned 丘nished done been bought taken begun

s評言hasn,t,

獲E/ pRESENT PERFECT eXpreSa Una aCCi6n pasada cuyos resu/tados fienen efec亡o sobre e/ presente・ ES亡e
tiempo muchas veces corresponde a/ Pret5rito perfecto compuesto de/ espa庁o/:
- I’ve lost Iny PaSSPOrt. He perdido … fy no /o encuentro)

喜She,s (= Shehas) gone tobed. Seha ido ・〇・ fyahora esf乞en /a cama)
- We,ve bought a new car. Nos hemos compr∂do … fy /o fenemos ahora)

- ItもKay’s birthday tomorrow and I haven,t bought her a present‥・ nO /e he comprado …

葛Where has Bob gone on holiday? !D6nde se ha /do ‥"?
- `Are they still having dinner?’ `No, they’ve finished.’

★ E/ participio pasado de /os verbos regu/ares termina en -ed:

clean → have cleaned finish →have finished stop → have stopped

E/ par打cipio pasado de /os verbos /rregu/ares es a veces /gua/ que eI pAST SIMPLE y OtraS VeCeS

diferente. Por?jemp/o:
igua/: lose → havelost make → have made have →havehad
d柘eren亡e: do -→ have done see -→ have seen write -→ have written

Encon亡rar言s una /ista de /os parficipios pasados /rregu/ares m6s frocuentes en /os Ap6ndices l-2"

> Unidad 16 Have yoLl eVer 〇・・?佃resentperfect2)

トUnidad 17 How Iong have you.〇・?毎reseniperfect3)
トUnidad 19 I have done (pIeSentPerfect)y l did (pasfs/mp/e)
トUnidad 89 present perfect十aIready/yet

30
JN!DAD 15 Ejercicios

15,1 Observa /os dibujos JOu5 ha ocurrido?

before

(he / clean / his shoes)

He haG CIeaned hi6 Ghoeら

(she / cIose / the door)

/∴ (they / go / to bed)

(it / stop / raining)

(he / have / a bath)

(the picture / fall / down)

15,2 Comp/eta /as frases con uno de /os verbos de /a /ista. Usa e/ pRESENT PERFECT (have/has +
par存cipio pasado de/ verbo).

break buy 」車描一 do go go Iose paint read take

﹁一2 3 4 ○○ /0 7 8 ∩フ O

`Are they stlll havmg dmner?’ `No, they have† nI6hed. ’

I some new shoes Do you want to see them?

`Is Tbmhere?’ `No, he to work’
`    you the shopplngソ `No, I’m gomg tO do lt later’

`Whereもyour key?’ `I don’t know I

Looki Somebody that wmdow

Ybur house looks di鉦nent. ………………… yOu

I can’t find my umbrella. Somebody.…・…………

I’m looking for Sarah. Where …………………‥ She

`Do you want the newspaper?’ `No, thanks. I
射‖‖

15.3 巾aduce a/ /ng/6s:

1 He terminado mi trabqjo. Me voy ahora.

2 `とD6nde estまGerry?’ `Ha salido.’(salir = gO Out)
3 Vinos a dar una fiesta・ Hemos irrvitado a mucha gente. (dar una fiesta = have a party)

4 Sandra ha perdido las llaves del coche. iLas has visto? (las 11aves del coche = her car keys) …・…・・……・・…・……・

5 `iEstまMary aqui?’ `No la he visto.’

6 iD6nde han ido tus padres de vacaciones? (de vacaciones = on holiday)

7 iPor qu6 se ha parado ese coche en medio de la calle?

31
UN8DAD 16 Have you ever …持wesen亡perfecf2)

トUnldad 15 1 have done(presenfperfecfり

臆E/ pRESENTPERFECT Se uSa para hab/ar de un periodo de tiempo que se extiende desde e/ pasado hasta
ahora - POr匂emp/o, /a vida:

pasado ahora

ー`Have you been to France?’ `No, I haven,t.’

′iHas /do a Francia (en fu vida)?’ ′No・’

- I’ve been to Canada but I haven’t been to the United States.

- She has done many diiferentjobs and has visited many countries.
- I’ve seen that woman before but I can’t remember when.

- How many times has Brazil won the Wbrld Cup? JCu卸tas veces ha ganado Brasi/ …?
- `Have you read this book?, `Yes, I?ve read it twice.’

臆Se puede usar e/ pRESENT PERFECT COn ever (= a/guna vez) en pregun亡as y con never (= nunCa) en
negaciones abso/u亡as:
- `Has Am ever been to Australia?’ `No, neVer.’ ′iHa /do a/guna vez …?’

- `Have you ever played golf?’ `Yes’OnCe.’

- My mother has never travelled by air・ … nO ha viajado nunca …

- I’ve never ridden a horse. No he montado nUnCa …

三三三He’s gone to Spain・ He’s been to Spain・

Se ha /do a Espa庁a (γ est乞aIIり・ Ha /do a Espa斤a (y ha regresado)・

Compara:
- I can’t丘nd Susan. Where has she gone? … iD6nde ha /do? (=iD6nde est約
〇 Oh, hello, Susan. I was Iooking for you. Where have you been? … iD6nde has estado?

Observa que se usa to en /os s/guientes?jemp/os:

- Have you been to Italy?
一I’ve never been to Paris.

トUnldad 19 1 have done (t)reSentperfect) y i did (past s/mp/e)

32
UN!DAD 16 Ejercicios

16.1 Escribe /as preguntas que /e haces a Am empezando por Have you ever...?
1 2 3 4 ○○ /0 7 8 Qノ

16.2ねniendo en cuenta /as respuestas de Am en e/?jercicio anferior, COmpara Su eXperiencia con /a

亡uya.

Ann Yb!イ

ha5 neVer ♭eeれ与O脇「i争 I have ♭eeれtO鴇「i5

ブ一一つ 上.-⊃ ′〇一1 8 0ノ

乱e ha多的yed匂oif maれy七i調e多・

16.3 Ma/y tiene 65 ahos y su vida ha sido /nteresante・ Escribe froses sobre sus experiencias usando e/
PRESENT PERFECT.
1 2 つJ 4 こJ /0

(she / do / many dliferentJObs) She ha5 doれe maれyd櫛e闘壇♭G.

(she / travel / to many places) She
(she / do / a lot ofinteresting things)
(she / write / ten books)
(she / meet / a lot ofinteresting people)
(she / be / married five times)

16.4 Comp/efa /as frases con gone o been.

1 2 3 4 〃⊃ /o 7 8

Het on holiday at the moment. Heも...釦卿{ to Sp狐n

`Where討ill?’ `Shet not here. I think sheも
to the bank’
`He11o, Pat. Where have you ……・……………・
?, `I,ve to thebank’
`Have you ever ………………………… tO Mexico?’ `No’neVer.

My parents aren,t at home this evening・ They’ve …・…・……

Thereもa new restaurant in town. Have you ……‥・……・…・・…

Paris is a wonde血1 city I’ve ………………………… there many times.

Helen was here earlier but I think sheも………,………………‥ nOW

16,5 7Taduce a/ /ng/6s:
1 2 つJ

Mi hermana nunca ha ido a Londres.

He trabatado para tres empresas en Espafia. (empresa = firm)
A﹁ こJ ∠U 7 8 0/

とHab6is visitado alguna vez el museo?

Ana y Paco se han ido a Francia・

とCuintas veces has vi牛iado en avi6n? (en avi6n = by plane)

とHas leido el peri6dico hoy?

Nunca he estudiado alemin.
とD6nde ha ido Luis? No estまen su oficina・
Es tarde・ iD6nde hab6is estado?

33
UN!DAD 17 How Iong have you …?伊esentperfect3)

Jill is on holiday in London.

She arrived in London on Monday.

Tbday is Friday

How Iong has §he been in London?

lCu舌nto tiempo //eva en Londres?

Since Monday. (since = desde) desde e/ /unes.

She has been in London Est(5 en Londres
for four day§. (for二desde hace) desde hace cuatro dねs.

She in London now (is = PRESENT)

pero She has been 1n London 〈霊雑著(has been二PFESENTPERFECT)

How Iong …? + pRESENTPERFECT = /Cuきnto tiempo (hace que) …? + Presente:

- How Iong has he been here? JCu舌nto fiempo (hace que) est舌aqui?

Para expresar cu舌nto fiempo hace que ocurre una cosa, en /ng/5s se usa e/ pRESENTPERFECT y nO e/
Presente como en espaho/. Observa /os siguientes qemp/os:

(器書籍霊)
Harry is in Canada. He has been in Canade since Apr虹(宜c i3 irl C諭霊3三二CC A草il.)
Harγ eSt舌en Canad6. Eヾt舌en Canadきdesde Abri/.
Are you married? How Iong have you been married? (Hc了; 1cr}.g鏡s 7Cこ競蟹ごicd?)

i島tおCaSado? iCu5nto [iempo (hace que) esできs casado?

Do you know Sarah? How Iong have you known her? (巳c討lc:÷g dc 7〇二‥患c∵註cご?)

iConoces a Sarah? iCL/5nto fiempo (hace que) /a conoces?

I know her. I’ve known her for a long time.
La conozco. La conozco (desde hace) mucho fiempo.
Linda lives in London. How Iong has she lived in LOndon? (Hc㍊" lc‥÷g dcc鵜島li∵C.∴)
Linda vive en Londres. iCu舌nto tiempo (hace que) vive en Londres?
She has lived there all her life.
L/eva toda /a vida viviendo aIl子

Ⅵたhave a car. How Iong have you had your car?

7七nemOS Un COChe. iCu舌nto tiempo (hace que) fen5is e/ coche?
We’ve had it for a year. (草7c島`∵C it急鵜yca弓
Lo tenemos (desde hace) un a庁o.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT PERFECT C○NTINUOUS (have been -ing)

They’releamingGerman.     HowIonghavetheybeenleamingGerman?
Aprenden/ESt乞naprendiendoa/em台n・ /Cu5ntofiempohacequeaprenden/estきnaprendiendoa/em5n?
It’§raining.           It’sbeen(二ithasbeen)rainingsincethismoming・
L/ueve./Est舌//oviendo,            L/ueve/Esf5//oviendo desdeestamai治na.

トUnlt18 for since ago

34
UNIDAD 17 Ejercicios

17.1 Comp/eta estas frases.

1 Ji虹s in London・ She …・巾線 .. in London since Monday

2 I know George. I …have.k項 him for a long time.
3 They are married・ They …・ …………………. married since 1983.

4 Brian is ill. He..…………….… …. i皿for a week.

5 ’W七1ive in this house. VA … …………………… here for ten years.

6 I knowTbmverywell. I.… …… him for a long time.

7 We are waitingforyou・ We … Waltmg SmCe 8 o’cIock.

8 Alice works in a bank. She ……………………‥ in a bank for five years.

9 I’m leaming English. I _.・… ……….工eammg English for six months.

10 She has a headache. She ‥… …. a headache since she got up.

17,2 Haz pregL/ntaS COn How Iong・・・?

1 JiⅡ is in London.    …地w.1e的 ha5 9he ♭eeれin 」oれdon∴∴∴∴フ

2 I know George.     …地w.i・ong
3 Mike andJudyare inBrazil・ HowIong
4 Diana is leammg Italian・  How Iong
5 My brother lives in Germany.

6 Itis rainmg.
7 Bi11 is a teacher.

8 I know Margaret.
9 I have a motor-bike.
10 Linda and Frank are married.
11 Alan works in London.

17,3 Escribe una frase acerca de cada dib可O uSando /as pa/abras que hay debajo"

for ten years since Sunday for two hours au day a11 her rfe for five years
世H 。皿巾錨
イ1 2 つJ 4 ○○ /0

have ♭een ma「「ied ・わ「セeれ y弓a.r毎∴. … …

since Sunday
S
he
地
He

17,4 帝aduce a/ /ng/5s:

1 Patricia vive con nosotros desde octubre.

2 iCuinto tiempo hace que Liz es profesora?
3 Fumo desde hace 20 a克os.
4 iCuinto tiempo hace que tienes esta televisi6n?
5 Sue estまen Espafia desde abril.

6 `と廿abeda Sara en Madrid?’ `Si, trab車a aⅢ desde 1990.

7 Tenemos el coche en el garale desde hace una semana.

8 eCuinto tiempo hace que llueve?

35
UNIDAD18 for since ago

> Unidad 17 How iong have you 〇・・?のresentperfecf3)

獲for /ntroduce un perfodo de tiempo (four days / two years etc") para seha/ar cu看nto tiempo dura /a
acci6n. Cuando acompaha aI pRESENT PERFECT equiva/e a/ espaho/ `desde hace’:

fbr
for four days fourdays  tenmnutes
anhour   twohours
aweek    threeweeks
1    2     3     4
amonth   sixmonths
fiveyears  alongtime

pasa do

ーJ皿has been in London for four days‥・ eSt6... desde hace …

- Paul has lived in Canada for five years‥・ Vive … desde hace …

- I’ve known herfor a long time. La conozco desde hace …

■ since /ntroduce e/ momento de/ comienzo de/ peribdo (Monday / 9 o’dock etc")・ EquivaIe a/ espa肩o/
′desde’o ′desde que’:

SlnCe
Monday  Wednesday
90’dock  12.30
24July  lOOctober
December  Christmas
1985    Igotup
pasa do ahora

-J皿has been in London since Monday‥・ eSt5 … desde e/ /unes・

- Paul has lived in Canada since he was ten‥. Vive … desde /os diez a庁os.

- I’ve known her since 1980. La conozco desde 1980,

題Observa /a siguiente equiva/encia:

/NGLES:PRESENTPERFECT+since/for=ESPANOL:Presente+desde/desdehace
ーI’vebeenheresince80’dock.EstoyaquIdesde/as8.
ーI’vebeenherefortwohours.EStoyaqurdesdehacedoshoras・
ーWehavelivedinthishousesince1975.V/vimosenestacasadesdeJ975.
ーWehavelivedinthishouseforalongtime.V/vimosenestacasadesdehacemuchofiempo.

トUnidad92(γom...tountilsincefor

菓ago
two weeks ago = hace dos semanas, an hour ago = hace una hora′ a long time ago = hace mucho
tiempo

ago acompa庁a a/ pAST SIMPLE (did/had/started etc・):

- Susan started her newjob two weeks ago.
- `When did Tbm go out?, `Tbn minutes ago.’ … ′H∂Ce diez minu士os・’
- I had dimer an hour ago.
- Life was very di鱈料ent a hundred years ago.
- Jill arrived in London four day§ agO-

36
UNIDAD 18 Ejercicios

18,1 Comp/eta /as frases con for o since.

1 2 つJ 4 ﹁⊃ /0 7 8

Sheもbeen in London...功堰e… Monday

Sheもbeen in London …知……. four days.
Mike has been iu …・………… a long time. Heもbeen in hospital October.
My aunt has lived in Australia ……………・ 15 years.

Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ……………・ many yearS.

Mrs Harris is in her o範ce. Sheもbeen there ……………. 7 o’cIock.

India has been an independent country ……………・ 1947.

The bus is late. We’ve been waltmg ……‥・……・ 20 minutes.

18,2 When was …? Responde usando ago.

1 2 3 4 ○○

your last meal? twO hourG agO 6 the last time you drank coffee?
last December?
1984? 7 the last time you were in a car?
the last time you were iu? …・・…・…・……

the last time you went to the cinema? 8 the last time you read a newspaper?

18,3 Responde a /as preguntas usando /as pa/abras entre paren亡esis + for o ago.

1 (four days) When did she arrive in London? 缶u「 day5 a匂O

2 (four days) How Iong has she been in London? 缶「缶u「くねy5

3 (20 years) How Iong have they been married?

4 (20 years) When did they get married?
5 (ten minutes) When did Dan arrive?
6 (two months) When did you buy those shoes?
7 (two months) How Iong has she been leaming English?
8 (a long time) How Iong have you knownJan?
9 (an hour) What time didyou have lunch?

18,4 Observa cada par♀ia de f/.aSeSy eSCribe una mきs usando for... o since...
1 2 3 4丁-i⊃ /0 7

She is in London now She arrived there four days ago. 9hG ha6 ♭eeれthere for fou「

Jack is here・ He arrived here on Thursday He has

It is raining. It started an hour ago. Itもbeen

I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago. I’ve

I have a camera. Iboughtitin 1985. I’ve

They are married. They got married six months ago. They’ve

Liz is studying medicine at university. She started three years ago.

18.5 Escribe在oses sobre ti mismo. Empieza por /as pa/abras entre parentesis・
什半在は∴‖ヾ在日六は
1 2 3 4 ○○

Ve止ved)
Ve been)
Ve been leaming)

18,6 7+aduce a/ /ng/6s:
1 2 3 4一i⊃

La pelicula empez6 hace 30 minutos.

Mi hermana estまcasada desde enero.

Estudio ing16s desde hace tres afios.

Tbm sali6 hace dos horas.
脆ngo doIor de cabeza desde que me levant6 esta mafiana. (doIor de cabeza = a headache)

6 `とCuindo comprasteis este coche?, `Hace dos meses.’

37