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    Korean Reviewer

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    Conan Gadayan
    This document provides an overview of the Korean alphabet Hangeul, including its creation in 1443 by King Sejong to aid literacy, its phonetic principles based on vowel and consonant shapes, and its current composition of 40 letters including 19 consonants and 21 vowels. It also lists some common Korean words alongside their translations and introduces basic greetings.

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    Korean Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Conan Gadayan
    66 views11 pages
    This document provides an overview of the Korean alphabet Hangeul, including its creation in 1443 by King Sejong to aid literacy, its phonetic principles based on vowel and consonant shapes, and its current composition of 40 letters including 19 consonants and 21 vowels. It also lists some common Korean words alongside their translations and introduces basic greetings.

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    This document provides an overview of the Korean alphabet Hangeul, including its creation in 1443 by King Sejong to aid literacy, its phonetic principles based on vowel and consonant shapes, and its current composition of 40 letters including 19 consonants and 21 vowels. It also lists some common Korean words alongside their translations and introduces basic greetings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    66 views11 pages

    Korean Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Conan Gadayan
    This document provides an overview of the Korean alphabet Hangeul, including its creation in 1443 by King Sejong to aid literacy, its phonetic principles based on vowel and consonant shapes, and its current composition of 40 letters including 19 consonants and 21 vowels. It also lists some common Korean words alongside their translations and introduces basic greetings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    NUMBERS SINO KOREAN PURE KOREAN

    (MINUTES, DATE, MONEY) (AGE, HOURS, THINGS)


    1 일 (il) 한나 (hana)
    2 이 (i) 둘 (두) (dul)
    3 삼 (sam) 셋 (세) (set)
    4 사 (sa) 넷 (네) (net)
    5 오 (o) 다섯 (da seot)
    6 육 (yuk) 여섯(yeo seot)
    7 치 (ji) 일곱 (il gop)
    8 팔 (pal) 여덟 (yeo deopl)
    9 구 (gu) 아홉(a hop)
    10 십 (ship) 열 (yeol)
    11 십일 (ship il) 열하나 (yeol ha na)
    12 십이 (ship i) 열둘 (열두) (yeol dul)
    13 십심 (ship sam) 열셋 (열세) (yeol set)
    14 십사 (ship sa) 열넷 (yeol net)
    15 십오 (ship o) 열다섯 (yeol da seot)
    16 십외 (ship yuk) 열여섯 (yeol yeo seot)
    17 십칠 (ship jil) 열일곱 (yeol il gop)
    18 십팔 (ship pal) 열여덟 (yeol yeo deolp)
    19 십구 (ship gu) 열아홉 (yeol a hop)
    20 이십 (i ship) 스물 (seu mul)
    30 삼십 (sam ship) 사른 (sa reun)
    40 사십 (sa ship) 마흔 (ma heun)
    50 오십 (o ship) 쉰 (swin)
    60 육십 (yuk ship) 예순 (ye sun)
    70 칠십 (jil ship) 일흔 (il heun)
    80 팔십 (pal ship) 여든 (yeo deun)
    90 구십 (gu ship) 아흔 (a heun)
    100 백 (baek) 밴 (baek)
    1000 천 (cheon)
    10,000 만 (man)
    100,000 십만 (ship man)
    1,000,000 백만 (baek man)
    10,000,000 천만 (cheon man)
    100,000,000 억 (eok)

    MONTHS(SINO KOREAN)

    JANUARY 일(ilweol) MAY 오월(oweol) SEPTEMBER 구월(guweol)


    FEBRUARY 이월(I weol) JUNE 육월(yukweol) OCTOBER 십월(shipweol)
    MARCH 삼월(samweol) JULY 칠월(chilweol) NOVEMBER 십일월(shipilweol
    APRIL 사월(saweol) AUGUST 팔월(palweol) DECEMBER 십이월
    (shipiweol)
    Introduction to Hangeul

    The Creation of Hangeul

    The Korean alphabet “Hangeul” was created in 1443 by a team of scholar in the royal research
    organization named the Jiphyeonjeon, Hall of Worthies, under the direction of King Sejong of the
    Joseon Dynasty. In 1446, The first Korean alphabet was proclaimed under the original name
    “Hunminjeongeum” which literally means the correct sounds for educating people. The
    Hunminjeongeum is a manuscript describing the purpose of creation, principle and usage of Hangeul.
    This document is unique as an explanatory edition for new scripts. The Hunminjeongeum is
    registered with UNESCO’s Memory of the World in 1997.

    The Purpose of the Creation of Hangeul

    Korean once barrowed Chinese Character for use as a writing system, like many other East
    Asian countries. The investment involved in learning Chinese characters, or Hanja, made it difficult for
    the common people to express their thoughts in writing, and restricted the use of writing to the
    upperclass. Therefore, King Sejong created Hangeul in order to provide an easily accessible writing
    system for the common people and to more effectively rule the country by lowering the illiteracy rate.

    The Principle of Hangeul

    Hangeul vowels are based on the three (3) shapes “ , and “ which represent the sky,
    earth and human, respectively. Different combinations of these three (3) basic shape generate the
    Hangeul vowels. The basic consonants are based on the articulatory shapes of the vocal organs.
    Additional strokes or duplication of symbols represent variations of basic consonant sounds.
    Vowels and consonants represented by these principle form a very close system, phonetically
    and phonologically. Hangeul was created according to the intensive knowledge of sound patterns and
    the phonological theories of the scholars who are involved in its development. Seventeen (17)
    consonants and eleven (11) vowels were represented at first, however, ㅇ , , , and , were
    abolished and only twenty-four (24) characters are currently in use.
    Hangeul has been recognized by linguist worldwide as a unique, scientific, systematic and
    effective writing system. In 1989, the UNESCO King Sejong Literacy Prize was created to honor a
    person or organization that has contributed greatly to eradication of literacy. The award ceremony
    takes place every year on the 8 th of September. Koreans also observe “Hangeul Day” on the
    anniversary of the declaration of Hangeul every year on the 9 th of October.
    Korean Alphabet = 40 Vowels = 21

    Basic vowels = 10 Consonants = 19


    Combined vowels = 11 Basic consonants = 14
    Combined consonants = 5
    ㅏ[a] ㅜ[u] ㅘ[wa]
    ㅑ[ya] ㅠ[yu] ㅝ[weo]
    ㅓ[ǝo] ㅡ[ɨ] ㅟ[ü/wi]
    ㅕ[yǝo] ㅣ[i]
    ㅢ[ɨy]
    ㅗ[o] ㅔ[e]
    ㅚ[ӧ/we]
    ㅛ[yo] ㅖ[ye]
    ㅙ[wƐ]
    ㅐ[Ɛ]
    ㅒ[yƐ] ㅞ[we]
    ㄱ[k/g] ㅋ ㄲ[k’]
    ㄴ[n]
    ㄷ[t/d] ㅌ[th] ㄸ[t’]
    ㄹ[r/l]
    ㅁ[m]
    ㅂ[b] ㅍ[ph] ㅃ[p’]
    ㅅ[s] ㅆ[s’]
    ㅇ[ø/ng]
    ㅈ[t/j] ㅊ[ch] ㅉ[ch’]
    식당 --restaurant
    건물—building
    주차장 --parking lot
    ㅎ[h] 위 --on
    아래/ 밑 -- under
    옆-- next to
    오른쪽---right side
    컴퓨터 --- Computer
    왼쪽 --left side
    텔레비전 ---Television
    앞 --in front of
    침대 --- bed
    뒤 --behind
    전화 --- telephone
    여기 --here
    책상 --- desk
    저기--over there
    의자 --chair
    거기 --over there
    시계 --watch/Clock
    • Child = 아이
    우산 --umbrella
    • Teeth = 이
    가방 --bag
    • Cucumber = 오이
    문 –door
    • Furniture = 가구
    모자 --hat
    • Milk = 우유
    창문 --window
    • 하나 = one
    방 --room
    • 호수 = lake
    집 --house
    • 라디오 = radio
    교실 --classroom
    • 바나나 = banana
    학교-- school
    • 김치 = kimchi
    은행 --bank
    안녕하습니까? - Hello
    병원-- hospital
    안녕하세요?
    제 - My
    베트남 - Vietnam
    이름 - Name
    프랑스 - France
    저 - I am
    캄보디아- Cambodia
    나라 - Country
    라시아 - Russia
    한국 - Korea
    중국 - China
    필리핀 - Philippines
    사람 - People
    미국 - America (USA)
    학생 - Student
    태국 - Thailand
    선생님 - Teacher
    인도 - Indonesia
    소방관 - Fire Fighter
    영국 - England
    영찰 - Police

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