Quarter 1 – Module 2:

The Representative Texts and Authors

from the Region
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Cindyrella S. Manalo
Editor: Redemption C. Guinto
Reviewer: Rolylyn H. Dado
Layout Artist: Ralph Berly A. Pineda
Management Team: SDS Zenia G. Mostoles, EdD, CESO V
ASDS Leonardo C. Canlas, EdD, CESE
ASDS Rowena T. Quiambao, CESE
CID Chief, Celia R. Lacanlale, PhD
SGOD Chief, Arceli S. Lopez, PhD
June D. Cunanan, EPS-I, English
Ruby M. Jimenez, EPS-I, LRMDS

Published by: Department of Education, Schools Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando, Pampanga

Telephone No: (045) 435-2728

E-mail Address: [email protected]

 Introductory Message

Welcome to the 21st Century Literature Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The
Representative Texts and Regions from the Regions.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public
institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set
by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included
in the module.

Welcome to the 21st Century Literature Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The
Representative Texts and Authors from the Region.
Literature allows a person to step back in time and learn about life from the one who walked
before us. Looking back to the texts of our talented authors from the region can help us to
accumulate a better understanding on how these texts affects the development of the literature
in our region.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
 In this module, we will identify the different authors and texts from the regions. We
will recognize the importance of each text to the development of literature in the region.

Recognizing the authors and texts from our region allows us to gain a deeper
understanding on the culture, beliefs and tradition we had.
Appreciation of the different literature our authors wrote is like recognizing the
importance of their texts in the development of the literature in our region.
And often times, literature/art does imitate life.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify the authors and their texts from Region 3.
2. Appreciate the different texts of the authors from Region 3.
3. Recognize the importance of their text to the development of literature
of Region.

Directions:
Read each item carefully, choose the letter of the correct answer and write your
answers on a sheet of paper.
1. Who wrote the famous “Florante at Laura?”
a. Amado V. Hernandez b. Francisco Balagtas
c. Juan Crisostomo Soto d. Virgilio V. Vitug

2. He is the head writer of “Batibot?”

a. Amado V. Hernandez b. Francisco Balagtas
c. Juan Crisostomo Soto d. Virgilio V. Vitug

3. His pen name is Huseng Sisiw and the mentor of Balagtas.

a. Emilio Mar Antonio b. Jose de la Cruz
c. Tomas F. Agulto d. Virgilio V. Vitug

4. What is the title of the poem written by Amado V. Hernandez when he was
imprisoned?
a. Ang Isang Dipang Langit b. Ang Taong Kapos
c. Mga Luha ng Buwaya d. Pamana

5. He is the father of Kapampangan Literature.

a. Amado V. Hernandez b. Francisco Balagtas
c. Juan Crisostomo Soto d. Virgilio V. Vitug
 Giving an idea about importance of the different texts of the authors from the region.
Recognizing its importance to the development of literature in the region.

Shown below are examples of lines in FLIPTOP and BALAGTASAN. Read each
example carefully and analyze its similarities and differences. Choose what is way better
between the two and explain your choice.

BALAGTASAN FLIPTOP
Vanesa: SINIO
Ang edukasyon ay para sa lahat, Idol pwede pa picture?Si Zaito ka diba?
Ito’y aming tutuparin na tapat Naniniwala ka naman sinapsycho lang
Bibigyan pangarap ang bawat Pilipinong bata, kita
Para sa kinabukasang walang problema Ito ba yung kabattle ko sa rap na galing
Tulad ng Europe, East Asia, Amerika at iba pa, probinsya?
Ang total number of years ng primary education Anak ni Apple d Ap kay Aling
ay dapat labindalawa Dionisia?
Oras na ng pagbabago,
Pilipinas nalang ang inaantay ng mundo Ako na bahala sa sampung piso talent
Yjuv: fee
Ako po’y lumaki sa probinsya, Pero please lang pakisuli na yung
Probinsyang dukha. pustiso ni Michael V.
Nanay ko, tatay ko, magsasaka. Pero champion ka pala lately ko lang
Sapat na kita nila, nalaman
Upang kami’y makatuka. Kaya naman pala grade three lang yung
Pagdadagdagan pa ng dalawang taon, kalaban,
Naku! Tuition fee ko!
Source: Dahil akoy parang dragon hininga ko’y
https://www.slideshare.net/EzekielVicEboy1/ba apoy
lagtasan-86736630 Habng hininga moy amoy boy bawang
Kasi yung iniigib mo, iniigib mo pa sa
balon
At sa sobranh hirap mo, nagtitipid ka sa
sabon

source:
http://medyopinoy.blogspot.com/2013/0
4/fliptop-loonie-lines-part-1_27.html
 Venn Diagram
FLIPTOP BALAGTASAN

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

AUTHORS FROM THE REGION III

Francisco Baltazar y dela Cruz, known much more widely through his nom-de-plume
Francisco Balagtas, was a prominent Filipino poet, and is widely considered as the Tagalog
equivalent of William Shakespeare for his impact on Filipino literature. The famous epic,
Florante at Laura, is regarded as his defining work.
Francisco Baltazar was born on April 2, 1788 in Bigga, Bulacan in the Philippines. He
was the youngest of four children. As a young child Baltazar displayed an interest in writing
poetry and he displayed great potential. He won a number of awards and accolades for some
of his pieces such as "Ama ng Balagtasan." He was even featured on the front cover of a local
magazine in recognition of his outstanding writing talent.
 Later, Baltazar's family moved to Manila and he became employed as a houseboy in
Manila for his aunt. His family in Manila would provide the funding for Baltazar to study
different subjects, such as philosophy and humanities at a university. He graduated with a
number of degrees including Crown Law, Humanities and Philosophy.
Francisco Baltazar became a very well-known and highly regarded poet not only
because he had a gift for words but also because he associated with individuals who helped
him hone his craft.
Two people that would influence Baltazar's development as a poet were:
• Dr. Mariano Pilapil who helped Baltazar develop his writing style.
• José de la Cruz, one of the most famous poets from the Tondo district of Manila,
challenged Baltazar to always produce quality work.
He popular Filipino debate form Balagtasan is named after Balagtas. Balagtas also won
an award during his schooldays and graduated valedictorian in Madrid. He was recognized by
the Pahayagang Kastilyano (Spanish Declaration) and became the front cover for two weeks.
Francisco Baltazar's Works:
La India elegante y el negrito amante – a short play in one part
Nudo gordeano
Rodolfo at Rosemonda
Mahomet at Constanza
Claus (translated into Tagalog from Latin)
Florante at Laura, Balagtas' masterpiece
This foundation set the stage for Baltazar to become a great success as a poet.

Virgilio v. Vitug, b. Lubao, Pampanga 17 September 1951. Poet, essayist, journalist,

scriptwriter. He is married to essayist Marites Danguilan with whom he has a son, Alab. He
studied at the University of the East, and was a fellow in the writers’ workshops of the Ateneo
de Manila, University of the Philippines, and Silliman University. He has worked as a reporter
and/or columnist for the Times Journal, Tempo, Manila Times, and Manila Chronicle; an
associate editor in Sagisag andKaligiran magazines; and head writer of the children’s
television program Batibot. He has also served as director of the Philippine Center for
Investigative Journalism and the National Press Club; publisher of Agriscope, and
chair/president of World Media Groove. In 1990 he became executive producer of the TV
program Mag-agri Tayo, a correspondent of the Asian Reviewer, and associate editor of The
Filipino, both London-based periodicals and contributor of The Entrepreneur. He was also
head writer of ABS-CBN’s “Pipol” and “Off the Record” and ANC’s “By Demand.”
He co-founded and was former chairperson of Galian sa Arte at Tula (GAT). Two of
his poems are anthologized in Virgilio S. Almario’s Walong Dekada ng Makabagong
Tula (Eight Decades of Modern Poetry), “Isang Tanong sa Sarili” (A Question for Myself) and
“Ako si Virgilio V. Vitug” (I am Virgilio V. Vitug). his other works are found in Galian and
New Poems in Pilipino. He wrote a Pampango passion play, Sinakulo ning Balen (Passion of
the Town), and co-authored a book, Agribusiness Opportunities in the Philippines, 1988.
 Vitug has won the following awards; honorable mention, “Simula ng Gabi sa Lubao”
(Evening Commences in Lubao), 1969, and “Isang Tanong sa Sarili,” 1976, in the Talaang
Ginto of the Surian ng Wikang Pambansa, respectively; special award, Loyola Poetry Contest,
1972; and second prize, National Zarzuela Writing Contest for “Hoy, Boyet” (Hey, Boyet). He
has been a fellow at the Ateneo Writers’ Workshop, 1970; UP Writers’ Workshop, 1971; and
Silliman Writers’ Workshop, 1972.

Amado Vera Hernandez was born in Hagonoy, Bulacan but grew up Tondo, Manila,
where he studied at the Manila High School and at the American Correspondence School.
While being a reporter, columnist and editor of several newspaper and magazines including
Watawat, Mabuhay, Pilipino, Makabayan and Sampaguita, he also honed his poetic craft. He
received the Republic Cultural Heritage Award, a number of Palancas and an award from the
National Press Club for his journalistic achievements.
After World War II, he became a member of the Philippine Newspaper Guild and his
writings increasingly dealt with the plight of the peasants and laborers. Influenced by the
philosophy of Hobbes and Locke, he advocated revolution as a means of change. In 1947, he
became the president of the Congress of Labor Organization (CLO). His activities and writings
led him to imprisonment from 1951 to 1956. Even in prison, he was still a leader and artist,
spearheading education programs and mounting musical productions, plays and poetry reading.
It was during his incarceration that he wrote one his masterpiece, Mga Ibong Mandaragit
(Predatory Birds). His prison writings were smuggled out by his wife, zarzuela star Honarata
“Atang” dela Rama, who would become our National Artist for Music and Theater.
Ka Amado died on 24 March 1970 in the wake of the First Quarter Storm, whose leaders
and activists recited his words. He left a legacy that includes Isang Dipang Langit (An Arm-
Stretch of Sky) which was written when he was imprisoned, Kung Tuyo na ang Luha Mo,
Aking Bayan (When Your Tears Have Dried, My Country), Panata sa Kalayaan (Pledge to
Freedom), and the novel Luha ng Buwaya (Crocodile Tears).
He was posthumously honored as our National Artist for Literature in 1973. Together
with poet Jose Garcia Villa, Amado V. Hernandez was the first to receive the title in literature.
Ka Amado gave voices to the oppressed peasants and laborers, rendering them powerful
verses and plots that should have gone down as a compelling chronicle of a struggle of a people,
but still prove to be an influential instrument in constituting reform and empowerment. A
literary artist that he is, Ka Amado remains to be a social and political leader, fast becoming to
be an icon of the working-class.
On January 27, 1867, Juan Crisostomo Soto, journalist, poet, playwright and known as
the Father of Pampanga Literature, was born in Santa Ines, Bacolor, Pampanga.Soto, under the
pen name of Crissot, wrote a number of lyrical poems, historical dramas, humorous plays and
philosophical essays, and "sarsuwelas," the most famous of which is "Alang Dios" or There is
no God (1901).
He translated some Spanish literature into Pampango, including Lovers of Teruel Faust
and Nero and the Gladiators. He was also a contributor to the revolutionary paper La
Independencia.
Soto joined the Katipunan during the 1896 Revolution and worked with Maximo Hizon
in promoting Pampango ideals. He participated in several battles against the American troops
in 1898 under General Tomas Mascardo's forces.
Soto married twice. His first wife was Julia Amaida who bore him 6 children. Julia died
in 1903. His second wife Rosario Palma bore him 4 children.
Juan Crisostomo Soto died on July 12, 1918 at the age of 51.
Discussion of Activity 1 (5 pts. each)
Describe how great the authors from Region III in literature using a slogan or a poem.
Create one slogan/poem for each author. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. (You
can use Tagalog or Kapampangan)

Isang dipang langit, isa sa likhang nabanggit

Daan upang magbukas isipan ng mga ibong mandaragit
Isinulat at nilikha tula ng pagsasakripisyo at pag asa
Upang mga tao ay manindigan at hindi na umasa.

Isang Dipang Langit

Amado V. Hernandez

Ako’y ipiniit ng linsil na puno

hangad palibhang diwa ko’y piitin,
katawang marupok, aniya’y pagsuka,
Damdami’y supil na’t mithiin ay supil.
Ikinulong ako sa kutang malupit:
bato, bakal, punlo, balasik ng bantay,
lubos na tiwalag sa buong daigdig
at inuring kahit buhay man ay patay.
Sa munting dungawan, tanging abot-malas
ay sandipang langit na puno ng luha,
maramot na birang ng pusong may sugat,
watawat ng aking pagkapariwara.
Sintalim ng kidlat ang mga mata ng tanod,
sa pintong maysusi’y walang makalapit;
Sigaw ng bilanggo sa katabing muog,
anaki’y atungal ng hayop sa yungib.
Ang maghapo’y tila isang tanikala
sa kalakaladkad ng paang madugo,
ang buong magdamag ay lumambong luksa
ng kabaong waring lunga ng bilanggo.
Kung minsa’y magdaan ang payak na yabag,
kawil ng kadena ang kumakalansing;
 sa maputlang araw saglit ibibilad,
sanlibong aninong iniluwa ng dilim.
Kung minsan, ang gabi’y biglang magulantang
sa hudyat-may-takas-at asod ng punlo;
kung minsa’y tumangis ang lumang batingaw,
sa bitayang muog, may naghihingalo.
At ito ang tanging daigdig ko ngayon –
bilangguang mandi’y libing ng buhay;
sampu, dalawampu, at lahat ng taon
ng buong buhay ko’y dito mapipigtal.
Ngunit yaring diwa’y walang takot-hirap
at di habang araw ang api ay api,
tanang paniniil ay may bayang gaganti.
At bukas, diyan din, aking matatanaw
sandipang langit na wala nang luha,
sisikat ang gintong araw ng tagumpay!

Answer the following questions:

1. What did Hernandez mean about “Isang Dipang Langit”?
2. What is the theme of the literary piece?
3. Why do you think Hernandez wrote this poem?
4. What are the figures of speech used in this poem? What do they mean?
5. What are the symbols that the author used?
6. What do “Rehas” and “Tanikala” symbolize?
7. What is the moral of the story?

WHAT’S WITH THE POEM?

Create a visualization of the poem “Isang Dipang Langit” using pictures or symbols.
Place your visualization on a separate sheet of paper.
 BATIBOT was one of the shows that taught children the abakada and the country in
the native tongue among the other basic language concepts. Interview some of the older
person in your neighborhood about BATIBOT. Summarize all their answers and create an
article about it.

Identify the author of the following literature. Write your answers on a separate sheet
of paper.
____________1. Claus ____________6. Simula ng Gabi sa Lubao
____________2. Lovers of Teruel Faust ____________7. Luha ng Buwaya
____________3. Mga Ibong Mandaragit ____________8. Mahomet at Conztanza
____________4. Panata sa Kalayaan ____________9. Isang Tanong sa Sarili
____________5. Hoy!Boyet! ____________10. Alang Dios

Did you ever forsake your own language because of another language?”

MISS PHATHUPATS
by Juan Crisostomo Sotto
translated in English by Dr. Edna Manlapaz
Miss Yeyeng was a young woman who painted a heavy coat of rouge on her face. They
say that her parents were born in a corner of Pampanga, in one of the smallest towns of the
province. Because of this, Miss Yeyeng was a Filipina from head to foot, a Kapampangan to
the very tip of her hair.
Her family, being poor, earned its living by peddling food; and Miss Yeyeng was
frequently seen selling guinatan or bichu-bichu, which she carried in baskets on top of her head
and peddled around gambling places. Up to this time, nothing had changed in the life of this
miss.
The revolution ended. The American military government opened schools and assigned
some soldiers to teach there. It happened that Yeyeng – she was still Yeyeng at the time,
without the title “Miss” – had a customer among these soldiers or teacher-soldiers. This
customer urged her to study in the school where he was teaching, so that they would understand
each other; as of then, the soldier would speak in English and Yeyeng in Kapampangan, so
Yeyeng tried hard to learn the new language.
 After just a few months, Miss Yeyeng already spoke English; after exactly eight
months, on the recommendation of the teacher-soldier, Yeyeng was sent to another town to be
a teacher there.
Once she became a teacher, the people there naturally looked up to her because they
saw that she knew more English that they did.
That was so how the time passed: Miss Yeyeng hardly ever spoke Kapampangan
anymore because, according to her, she had already forgotten how. She also claimed that
Kapampangan was hard to pronounce and twisted her tongue, which was why she could no
longer speak straight Kapampangan.
When they heard of this, the mischievous people who knew her immediately began to
poke fun at her behind her back. They even went so far as to change her name, calling her by
the clangorous and mocking name of “Miss Phathupats,” a reference to her wide hips, which
she tried hard to constrict by means of a tight corset she wore, with the result that she resembled
a patupat, or tightly bound suman.
From that time, the name caught on and people consequently forgot her nice-sounding
nickname of Yeyeng. She came to be known as Miss Phathupats.
Not long after, there appeared Ing Emangabiran, a Kapampangan newspaper published
in Bacolor. During a fiesta in town X, where Miss Phathupats happened to be, she saw some
people reading it. When she came nearer, however, and saw that the newspaper was in
Kapampangan, she pouted, shook her head in obvious disapproval and said:
“Mi no entiende Kapampangan.”
“Mi no entiende ese Castellano, Miss,” answered a mischievous fellow. He mimicked
her tone of voice.
Those who were around smiled; but because they were well-bred, they concealed their
amusement from the pretty Miss. Even though she knew they were laughing at her, she
continued:
“Frankly, I find much difficulty speaking in Pampangan, and even more so in reading
it.”
In the little speech she proceeded to give, she sounded like a fish vendor’s wife,
speaking a smattering of English, Spanish and Tagalog, all of which she mixed up in some sort
of gibberish. The listeners could not contain themselves any longer and burst out laughing.
Miss Phathupats was angered; she faced those who were laughing and asked:
“¿Por qué reír?"
“Por el champurao, Miss,” answered the same fellow.
Those who were listening laughed all the more loudly and Miss Phathupats’
temperature began to rise.
One of those standing by said:
“Do not wonder that the Miss does not know Kapampangan: first, because she has long
associated with the American soldiers, and secondly, she is no longer Kapampangan. The proof
of this is that her name is Miss Phathupats.”
At that, all hell broke loose. The explosion was so powerful that Miss Phathupats’
cauldron burst and from her mouth overflowed the fiery lava of Vesuvius, or in other words, a
torrent of all the dirty words in Kapampangan came rushing out of her fuming mouth.
 “Shameless people! Robbers! Swindlers! Sons of –!” all said in Kapampangan.
“Aha! So she is a Kapampangan, after all,” said the listeners.
“Yes, didn’t you know?” asked one of those who knew her. “She is the daughter of old
Gading the Braggart from my barrio.”
The spectators laughed out loud. At that, Miss Phathupats broke into tears and as she
wiped away the tears streaming down her face, she also unwittingly removed the thick coat of
makeup on it. Her face then showed its true color, a color darker than the duhat fruit. When the
spectators saw this, they laughed all the more and said:
“Aha! So she is dark-complexioned!”
“Yes, she is an American Negro!”
There was shouting, clapping of hands, and laughter. Miss Phathupats could not take
any more. She stumbled out and said:
“Mi no vuelve en esta casa.”
“Adiós, Miss-who-doesn’t-know-Kapampangan.”
“Adiós, Miss Alice Roosevelt!”
“Adiós, Miss Phathupats!”
That is how they all ganged up on her. And poor Yeyeng left muttering to herself, with
her tail between her legs.
How many Miss Phathupats are there these days, who no longer know Kapampangan
or who are ashamed of Kapampangan just because they can speak pidgin English.

Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. In your own experience what products do you prefer from our own country or from
foreign countries? Why?
2. Pretenders are obviously rampant even now and then, if you are to be asked in what
part or aspects of your life do you often pretend? Explain.
3. What things in negative things in life do you often hide? Please expound.
4. How do you handle criticism? Positive or negative?
5. If you are Miss Pathupats would you the same thing she did? Why?
6. What can you say about some person who are not true the themselves?

Explain how the statement from Dr. Jose P. Rizal below can relate to the story of Miss
Phatuphats. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
“Ang hindi marunong magmahal sa sariling wika ay higit pa sa hayop at malansang isda”
 What have you learned regarding the importance of the authors and texts from the
region discussed in this module? Write a 2-3 sentences explanation on a separate sheet of paper.

Create a Kapampangan song showing how you can help the country to survive the
pandemic we are experiencing right now? Write your answer in a separate sheet.

Create a short story showing the comparison on how writers wrote literary pieces based
on theme, storyline or plot and how the new generations would love to see it in the future.

As young writers of the millennia, how will you write the literature of your region,
according to trends and necessity of your place? Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

10. Soto
9. Vitug
8. Balagtas
7. Hernandez
6. Vitug
c 5. 5. Vitug
b 4. 4. Hernandez
c 3. 3. Hernandez vary
a 2. 2. Soto The answer will
d 1. 1. Balagtas
and Assessment:
What’s In Independent Assessment #2 All other Activities
References
Dado, Rolylyn Henson and Martinez, Rodolfo M. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the
World. Manila: Mindhsapers Co. Inc., 2019
Websites:
“Fliptop Best of Loonie Lines”, Medyo Pinoy Accessed June 1, 2020.
http://medyopinoy.blogspot.com/2013/04/fliptop-loonie-lines-part-1_27.html

Eboy, Ezekiel Vic, “Compilation of Balagtasan”, News and Politics, January 26, 2018
https://www.slideshare.net/EzekielVicEboy1/balagtasan-86736630

“Francisco Baltazar Biography”, Your Dictionary Accessed June 1, 2020

https://biography.yourdictionary.com/articles/francisco-baltazar-biography.html

“Francisco Baltazar”, PoemHunter Accessed June 1, 2020.

https://www.poemhunter.com/francisco-baltazar/biography/

“Virgilio V. Vitug”, Likhaang Panitikan.ph Accessed June 1, 2020

http://panitikan.ph/2014/06/07/virgilio-v-vitug/

“Amado V. Hernandez”, Goodreads Accessed June 1, 2020

https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/796596.Amado_V_Hernandez

“January History”, The Kahimyang Project, 2012 Accessed June 1, 2020

https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/900/today-in-philippine-history-january-27-1867-juan-crisostomo-soto-
was-born-in-santa-ines-bacolor-pampanga

Radovan, Jill Tan, “’Batibot’in your hands, Philippine Daily Inquirer, July 30, 2017
https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/269467/batibot-in-your-hands/

Illustrations:
https://www.freepik.com/

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Pampanga, Learning
Resource Management System
High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando
Pampanga, Philippines 1200
Telephone No: (045) 435-2728
Email Address: [email protected]