History A Police Force

A police force has been in existence in Malaysia since the days of the Malacca Sultanate. Malacca's canonical law created what was essentially a police force in Malaysia in the fifteenth century, through the institution of the Temenggung and Hulubalang, or royal warriors. During the Sultan of Malacca's absence, the Bendahara, or Prime Minister, held absolute authority, with the power to hand out sentences, but it was the Temenggung who acted as the Police Chief or Inspector General of Police. His tasks were to arrest criminals, build jails and implement sentences. Apart from the Temenggung, there were a number of Penghulu or village chiefs who had the duty of policing their respective villages. Their main tasks included tax collection, law enforcement and preserving village security. These Malacca police systems ended when, on August 10, 1511, a Portuguese fleet led by Afonso de Albuquerqueclaimed Malacca for the Portuguese crown. Police duties were then largely performed by the Portuguese soldiers. During the sixteenth century, Malaysia became a cosmopolitan society and the Portuguese government introduced the Kapitan administration. On 14 January 1641, however, the Portuguese lost Malacca to the Dutch Empire, when the Dutch invaded with the help of soldiers from Johor state, at a time when the Portuguese were at war with the Sultanate of Acheh. The Dutch retained the Kapitan system, but when the growing number of Europeans in Malaysia made change necessary, a police force known as the 'Burgher Guard' was established. The Burgher Guard was controlled by the Dutch, but their subordinates were made up of the local citizens. Village leaders continued to assume the duties of policemen under Dutch rule, as they had since before the Portuguese arrived. Following the assimilation of Malacca into the British Empire in 1795, a modern police organisation in Malaysia was formed, on 25 March 1807, after the Charter of Justice in Penang was granted. Most of the officers were of British origin. Later, this organisation was developed in the Straits Settlements and otherMalay states, particularly the Federated Malay States. At that time, independent police forces were established for each respective state. Only after World War II was a central police organization formed, known as the Civil Affairs Police Force. This organization was formed in Malaya and led by a British colonial, H.B. Longworthy, who had to stabilize the police forces after the anarchy of Japaneseoccupation. One of the immediate problems faced by the police at this time was the rebellion of thecommunist party. During the confrontation between Malaysia and Indonesia, which lasted from 1963 to 1965, the police force, along with military forces, fought against the infiltration of Indonesian forces into the states of Johor and Sabah. Almost a year after Independence Day, on July 24, 1958, the King of Malaysia, Tuanku Abdul Rahman Ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhamad, bestowed the title Royal to the Malayan Federations Police Force. In 1963, the Royal Federation of Malayan Police (RFMP), the North Borneo Armed Constabulary and the Sarawak Constabulary were merged to form the Royal Malaysian Police.

History of Malaysia Team Football Before the establishment of Malaysia in September 16, 1963, the Malaysia national football team was known as Malaya national football team . Malaya's biggest achievement in football was becoming the bronze medalist in 1962 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia after defeatingSouth Vietnam 4-1. After the establishment of the Malaysian Federation in 1963, the team became known as the Malaysia national football team. Malaysia qualified for the 1972 Olympics in Munich, beatingJapan, South Korea, Taiwan and Philippines en route. Although they managed to defeat the United States 3 -0, they lost the other 2 matches by losing 3-0 to West Germany and 6-0 to Morocco. Two years later, Malaysia won their second bronze medal at the 1974 Asian Gamesafter defeating North Korea 2-1. The team went on to qualify twice in a row for the AFC Asian Cup, in 1976 and 1980. Malaysia qualified again for the Olympics in 1980 in Moscow, but joined the boycott of the games. The team also won the Merdeka Tournament 3 times, became runner-up 4 times and being third place 2 times during the 1970s. In 1994 as Malaysian football was embroiled in one of the biggest bribery scandals in the country. With the dearth of mainstream interest and lack of funds, Malaysian football has failed to repeat the achievements of the 1970s and 1980s, despite the recruitment of Claude LeRoy. Harris came with strong credentials, having assisted Terry Venables at FC Barcelona and Allan Harris as coaches.

All England Open Badminton Championships

The All England Open Badminton Championships , or simply All England , is one of the world's oldest and most prestigious badminton tournaments. Played annually, it developed after the success of world's first badminton to urnament held in Guildford in 1898. The tournament was successfully organised on April 4, 1899, however only three categories (Men's Doubles, Women's Doubles and Mixed Doubles) were origin ally staged. Both Men's and Women's Singles were added the following year. The first three tournaments were named "The Open English Championships". It was eventually considered (especially after the first Thomas Cup series in 1949) the unofficial World Badminton Championships until 1977 when the International Badminton Federation launched its official championships. Since 1984 the tournament has been exclusively sponsored by Yonex. The tournaments were halted twice: during World War I from 1915 to 1919 and World War II from 1940 to 1946.

Mokhtar Dahari History

Mokhtar Dahari (13 November 1953 11 July 1991) was a Malaysian footballplayer from Setapak, Selangor (now Kuala Lumpur). He was one of the best players in Asia in the 1970s. Born in Setapak, Mokhtar showed interest in playing football at an early age. He played for his school and later for his home state, Selangor FA. He attended secondary school at Victoria Institution, Kuala Lumpur from 1966 to 1970 and established the Piala Mokhtar Dahari (Mokhtar Dahari Cup) which is still being played for until today. He was only 19 years-old when he first played for theMalaysia national football team in an international game. Mokhtar helpedSelangor FA win the Malaysia Cup 10 times and scored 177 goals altogether. In international games, he helped the Malaysia national football team score a total of 125 goals in 167 caps. He was the best striker in Malaysia. His first game forMalaysia national football team was against Sri Lanka national football team in 1972. The Merdeka Stadium was his second home. Mokhtar was famous for his speed, accuracy and dribbling. Roars of "Supermokh" was all over the crowds including the young generation who tried to imitate his move. Mokhtar once did "The Goal of the Century" like Diego Maradona except Maradona weaved through six players and Mokhtar only weaved through 5 players from the half way line. Along with goalkeeper R Arumugam, defenders Santokh Singh and Soh Chin Aun, midfielders Reduan Abdullah and Shukor Salleh and Mokhtar's partner upfront Isa Bakar, Mokhtar Dahari's Selangor FA and Malaysia national football team were powerful forces in the '70s. In 1975, he represented the Malaysia national football team against English giants Arsenal. Malaysia national football team won the game 20, with Mokhtar scoring both goals. After the game, Mokhtar was rumoured to have been offered a chance to play for the Gunners. He also famously scored a goal in a 11 draw against England in 1978, dribbling past half of the opposing team coached by Bobby Robson. Paul Mariner was on the scoresheet for England that day. He won his 100th cap for Malaysia national football team when he played in a Merdeka Football Tournament match against Japan national football team in 1976. This number 10 of Selangor FA also had a friendly game against another number 10, Diego Maradona's Boca Juniors ofArgentina in January 1982. The match ended with a 2-1 result; won by Boca Juniors of Argentina. Mokhtar Dahari retired in May 1986 after winning the Malaysia Cup for Selangor FA and himself the man of the match. He also gave his number 10 jersey to Raja Muda Selangor. He came out of retirement in January 1987 to play one more season for Selangor FA. In January 1988, he joined Kwong Yik Bank and won the Selangor League that year. Although not recognised internationally, he was claimed to have score 125 goals for his country, making him the top scorer of Malaysia. His story and the caused of his death was revealed for the first time in public in "The Untold Truth About Supermokh," premiered on National Geographic Channel on August 30, 2010 Mokhtar died at age 37 years-old of Motor Neurone Disease at Subang Jaya Medical Centre (SJMC) at 8:25 am on 11 July 1991. His body was laid to rest at Taman Keramat Permai Muslim Cemetery, Bukit Permai

History of Malaysia Malaysia is a country in South East Asia whose strategic sea-lane position brought

trade and foreign influences that fundamentally influenced its history. Hindu and Buddhist cultures imported from Indiadominated early Malaysian history. They reached their peak in the Sumatran-based Srivijayacivilization, whose influence extended through Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula and much ofBorneo from the 7th to the 14th centuries. Although Muslims had passed through Malaysia as early as the 10th century, it was not until the 14th and 15th centuries t hat Islam first established itself on the Malayan Peninsular. The adoption of Islam by the fifteenth century saw the rise of number sultanates, the most prominent of which was the Melaka (Malacca). Islamic culture has had a profound influence on the Malay people, but has also been influenced by them. The Portuguese were the first European colonial powers to establish themselves in Malaysia, capturing Malacca in 1511, followed by the Dutch. However, it was theBritish, who after initially establishing bases at Jesselton, Kuching, Penang and Singapore, ultimately secured their hegemony across the territory that is now Malaysia. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824defined the boundaries between British Malaya and the Netherlands East Indies (which became Indonesia). A fourth phase of foreign influence was immigration of Chinese and Indian workers to meet the needs of the colonial economy created by the British in the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. [1] Japanese invasion during World War II ended British domination in Malaysia. The subsequent occupation from 1942 to 1945 unleashed nationalism in Malaya and Borneo. In the Peninsula, the Malayan Communist Party took up arms against the British. A tough military response was needed to end the insurgency and bring about the establishment of an independent, multi-racial Federation of Malaya in 1957. On 31 August 1963, the British territories in North Borneo and Singapore were gra nted independence and formed Malaysia with the Peninsular states on 16 September 1963. Approximately two years later, Singapore was expelled from the Federation. A confrontation with Indonesia occurred in the early-1960s. Race riots in 1969 led to the imposition of emergency rule, and a curtailment of political life and civil liberties which has never been fully reversed. Since 1970 the " National Front coalition" headed by United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) has governed Malaysia. Economic growth dramatically increased living standards by the 1990s. This growing prosperity helped minimise political discontent

Summary for topic history

The most topic I like are Mokhtar Dahari history .Mokhtar Dahari was a Malaysian footballplayer . He was one of the best players in Asia in the 1970s. Mokhtar showed interest in playing footbal l at an early age.. He was only 19 years old when he first played for the Malaysia national football team in an international game. Mokhtar helped Selangor FA win the Malaysia Cup 10 times and scored 177 goals altogether. In international games, he helped the Malaysia national football team score a total of 125 goals in 167 caps. He was the best striker in Malaysia. His first game fo rMalaysia national football team was against Sri Lanka national football team in 1972. Mokhtar was famous for his speed, accuracy and dribbling. Roars of "Supermokh" . In 1975, he represented the Malaysia national football team against English giants Arsenal. Malaysia national football team won the game 20, with Mokhtar scoring both goals.He won his 100th cap for Malaysia national football team when he played in a Merdeka Football Tournament match against Japan national football team in 1976. Mokhtar Dahari retired in May 1986 after winning the Malaysia Cup for Selangor FA and himself the man of the match. He came out of retirement in January 1987 to play one more season for Selangor FA..Although not recognised internationally, he was claimed to have score 125 goals for his country, making him the top scorer of Malaysia.

Summary for Topic Sports The most topic I like are Qatar ready to prove World Cup Credentials.Preparation were being fined tuned of the Asian Cup,a tournments that will test Qatars abilities to host a big event after being awarded the 2022 World Cup. How Qatar fare in stagging such as a high profile tournaments will be closely watched after Fifa surpriseingly handed it the world Cup ahead of more fancied bids from Australia,Japan ,south Korea and United states.Qatar ha ve instead that they wons on the merits of a bold proposal to build climate controlledstadia that will enable players and fans to be comfortable in their desert heat. Meanwhile,Australia were comfirmed as the host nation of the 2015 Asian Cups Finals after its their uncontested bid was rubberstamped by the Asian Football confederation executive committee.Now,The AFC decided Australia would be the host nation for the 2015 Asian Cup.Football Federation Australia was the sold bidder for the event but still to adhere to the formal bidding process by making its final presentation to the AFC executive committee.

Summary for topic social The most topic I like are Parents must held accountable. Malaysian might growing fast to become a developed nation by the year 2020 but there is a very serious problem that is also growing just as fast.It is the detorioration of moral and ethical values among teenagers and youth.There have been reports recently of juvenils being shot dead suspected involvement in violent crime. Teachers also are unable to handle aggresive teenagers in school.The cause of all this is the abdication of parental responsibilities by many parents.Parents should not allow their teenage sons and daughter to roam the streets i n the wee hours of night.Pparents must be made to upload their responsibilities in lookin after their children.The government must enforce laws compelling parents to ensure that their children are not out in the streets mixing with gangs and criminals elem ents. The authorities must not br timid in trackling this problem head on.If someone parents are offended by strong action,it should not deters the authorities .Irresponsible parents must be charged in court for the violent behaviour of their children.

Lansley uses food industry for health marketing

The Department of Health has announced that the firms will be involved in the scheme to provide up to 250m in vouchers to families in Englandin return for swapping a unhealthy habit for a healthy one. Under the Change4Life ' Great Swapathon', the vouchers can be exchanged for products deemed to be healthy, including Unilever's Flora Light margarine, Mars' Uncle Ben's rice and Molson's alcohol free lagers. Other businesses offering vouchers will include supermarket Asda, for its own brand goods ; sportswear firm JJB Sports; outdoor activity provider Haven Holidays; Weight Watchers; and private gym group the Fitness Industry Association. The News of the World will help promote the scheme. The list of companies includes food manufacturers whose pro ducts have been blamed for increasing obesity. Unilever's product range includes ice creams, Pot Noodle and Peperami, while Mars makes chocolate and Molson is a brewer. Health secretary Andrew Lansley has involved the food industry closely in developing hi s public health policies, with Unilever hosting meetings of the public health commission he ran in opposition . Asda and the Fitness Industry Association were also involved with the commission. The government is currently consulting on a public health white paper, Healthy Live, Healthy People , which drew on this work. Launching the vouchers on 2 January, Lansley described it as "a great example of how government, the media, industry and retailers can work together to help families to be healthy". "Asda is even offering 20% off dining room furniture to encourage families to sit round a table together for meals," he added. "I'd like to thank all the partners involved in this exciting project and I hope that it leads to more and more help from industry to support healthy choices." The British Medical Assoc iation said that it supported projects boosting healthy choices. "However, we need long term behaviour change and the BMA doubts that a 50 voucher can do that," said a spokesperson. "The government should instead be looking at longer term benefits that re ward consistent and continuing behaviour change. "It is also important that we develop an environment where people can make healthy choices for example safe play areas for kids, stopping the sale of school playgrounds and sports facilities and reducing t he advertising of junk food, sugary soft drinks and alcohol," the BMA said, dding that evaluation of the new scheme would be essential. The coalition government has cut direct spending on health marketing, although on 1 January it restarted the previous go vernment's "Catch it, bin it, kill it" anti -flu campaign. Lansley denied Labour's claim that this represented a u -turn. Outside England, the Welsh Assembly government said it will use the Change4Life name for personalised action plans, based on family ques tionnaires about eating and physical activity. Tony Jewell, Wales' chief medical officer, said the country has some of the highest levels of obese and overweight school -age children in the developed world. "Many people fear they'll actually put on weight if they give up smoking so might put off the decision to quit," said public health minister Shona Robison. "However, with the right support dieters can give up too and get twice the benefit for their health."

Eat Your ways to Health Eating is one the most important events in everyone s life. We enjoy eating - it s part of who we are and part of our c ulture; in fact, eating is the hottest universal topic of all times. We depend on eating: the foods we eat are the sole source of our energy and nutrition. We know so much about eating: we are born with the desire to eat and grown up with rich traditions o f eating. But we also know so little about eating about how the foods we eat everyday affect our health. We are more confused than ever about the link between diet and health: margarine is healthier than butter or not; a little alcohol will keep heart attacks at bay but cause breast cancer; dietary vitamin antioxidants can prevent lung cancer or can not. Eating is a paradox and a mystery that our ancestors tried and modern scientists are trying to solve. Based on experiences and traditions, our ancestors have used foods and plant materials to treat various kinds of illness. Manuscripts discovered from a tomb (dated 168 B.C.) in China described prescriptions for 52 ailments with herbs, grains, legumes, vegetables, animal parts, and minerals. Ancient Sumerians recorded the use of 250 medicinal plants on tablets five thousand years ago. Today, plant and food remedies are still the major medicinal source for 80% of the world s population. The pharmacological roles of everyday foods have long been neglected by modern medicine due to lack of proven scientific validity. The main focus of modern medicine has been on pharmaceuticals. With the invention of modern chemotherapy by Paul Erhlich in the early twentieth century and sulfa drugs and antibiotics in the 1930 s and 1940 s, it seemed as if chemical medicines would take care of all our ills. However, while there continues to be great strides made in the understanding and use of pharmaceuticals, there is also widespread dissatisfaction with both them and the system of medicine that utilizes them. This dissatisfaction is centered around the feeling that they are too disease -oriented, and perhaps too limited by their precision to cope effectively with the subtle factors and interrelationships that compromise human health and disease. The precise and pure nature of modern biomedical pharmaceuticals also tends to increase their side effects. In addition, with the victory over many common infectious diseases, more people are concerned with chronic degenerative processes and with prevention of disease. The increasing concerns have started a new movement in medical research. More and more mainstream scientists are reaching back to the truth of ancient fo od folk medicines and dietary practices for clues to remedies and antidotes to our modern diseases

Heart Disease and Foods Coronary heart disease is the most common of all heart diseases. It is characterized by blockage in the coronary arteries that result in reduction of blood flows to the heart muscle, depriving it of vital oxygen. The clogging of coronary artery, known as arteriosclerosis, begins with fatty streaks in and under the layer of cells, that line artery walls. Gradually, the streaks are transformed into plaques-fatty scar tissue that bulges into the artery opening, partly choking off blood flow. If the clot becomes large enough, it can block blood flow, suffocating large patches of cardiac muscle, an event known as a heart attack or angi na. Or if a blood vessel to the brain closes off or ruptures, it will result in a stroke. While the exact causes of coronary heart disease are imperfectly understood, certain major risk factors have been identified, including genes, gender, diet, and lifes tyle - smoking, exercise, and stress. Scientific evidence indicates that diet is vital to whether your arteries clog or your heart gives out. Stopping the progression of artery disease in the first place with your diet is foremost in warding off heart atta cks and strokes. Even if you already had heart problems, including a heart attack, changing your diet now may prevent future cardiac problems and even halt or reverse arterial damage, helping restore arteries to health.

Brain Power Foods Brain power is characterized by how alert, energetic, and concentrated your brain is in response to a task. Information in your brain passes through neurotransmitters, which are manufactured by the nerve cells using precursors. Different neurotransmitters will have di fferent impacts on your brain activity. For example, serotonin is the calming neurotransmitter that usually makes you more relaxed, drowsy, and fuzzy-headed. While dopamine and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters that make you more alert, more attentive, motivated and mentally energetic. Food affects your brain power by affecting the production of neurotransmitters in your brain. By supplying amino acids, which are used as precursors to manufacture neurotransmitters, and by affecting the entry of the amino acids into brain, foods can have a significant impact on your brain activity. High -carbohydrate foods in general tend to subdue brain activity. Protein foods, on the other hand, can counteract carbohydrate food induced sluggishness. In addition, foods and herbs can have effects on brain activity by affecting blood circulation - the supply line of oxygen, nutrient, and hormone to the brain.

Preventing Kidneys stones

Kidney stones are rock-hard accumulation of crystal deposits, usually composed of calcium and oxalates that can grow and obstruct the flow of urine through the kidneys. About a million Americans are hospitalized every year for treatment of kidney stones. Men are three times as susceptible to kidney stones as women. Once you have kidney stones, the chances of a reoccurring stone are about forty percent in the next five years, and eighty percent in the next twenty -five years. Whether you develop stones depends on many factors, including heredity, metabolic abnormalities, infections, medications, a nd diet. The formation of kidney stones is affected by your diet. Crystals of minerals, including food supplies of calcium and oxalates, are dissolved in the urine that passes through the kidney. When the urine becomes supersaturated, the crystals fall out and collect into tiny masses that accumulate into hard stones. What you eat helps determine the crystal content and crystal saturation of your urine. About 80% of all stones afflicting people in industrialized nations are made of calcium oxalate. How do you use your diet as weapon to fight kidney stones? The answer is to eat in a way that keeps high levels of calcium and oxalates out of urine.

Summary For Topic Healthy

The most topic I like are Lansley uses food industry for health marketing. Health secretary Andrew Lansley has involved the food industry closely in developing his public health policies, with Unilever hosting meetings of the public health commissio n he ran in opposition. Asda and the Fitness Industry Association were also involved with the commission. The government is currently consulting on a public health white paper,Healthy Live, Healthy People , which drew on this work. Launching the vouchers on 2 January, Lansley described it as "a great example of how government, the media, industry and retailers can work together to help familie s to be healthy". The coalition government has cut direct spending on health marketing, although on 1 January it restarted the previous government's "Catch it, bin it, kill it" anti-flu campaign. Lansley denied Labour's claim that this represented a u-turn. Outside England, the Welsh Assembly government said it will use the Change4Life name for personalised action plans, based on family questionnaires about eating and physical activity. Tony Jewell, Wales' chief medical officer, said the country has some of the highest levels of obese and overweight school -age children in the developed world.

SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN JEMENTAH MUET

NAME : NOR FAIZ BIN A RAHAMAN NO IC : 920319-01-5119 PREPARED TO : MR GOVINDAN

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