PerDev Module - With Activity

Course Code: GE ELECT 3
Course Title: Social Graces

Course Credit: 3 units
A great part of this module is credited to the indispensable Personality Development Book by Bayani, Charo L., et. al .
Source: https://avemateiu.com/quotes/quote-193/
INTRODUCTION TO PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS
Learning Objectives:
After studying this chapter, one should be able to:
1. Determine what the concept behind personality development and human
relations;
2. Distinguish how the agents of personality affect an individual; and
3. Apply the objectives of personality enhancement into ones daily routine
after classifying it.
Activity 1
Directions: Write the answer to the following statements as honestly as

you can because this will be your guide for evaluation.
1. My primary reason for attending this school is:
2. I would like to change (or improve) the following traits about myself:
3. I would like to change the above-mentioned traits because:

4. I consider the following as my liabilities (or weaknesses):
5. I consider the above-mentioned traits as my liabilities because:
6. I consider the following as my assets (or strength):
7. The reading materials I usually prefer are:
8. My favorite past times are:

9. My interest are:
10. I know it will be hard to change but I am willing to give my:
Points for interpretation:
- Numbers 2 and 3 tackle what you want to improve about yourself that you think could
make you more confident.
- Numbers 4 and 5 discuss your liabilities that you think hinder you from becoming
more confident.
- Numbers 6, 7, 8 and 9 present your strengths or things that could help you improve
your personality.
- Number 10 explains your commitment to modifying what you are right now.
After your thorough evaluation of your own answers, design a plan for changing your
personality and select better reading materials, pastimes and interest because whatever you
read gets into your system. Whatever is into your system becomes words; whatever words
you utter becomes actions; whatever actions you do become habits; and whatever habits you
have become your destiny.
Source: https://www.eugenescene.org/class-series-at-oct-know-thyself-with-inga-wilson/
The world experiences a design of ever changing seasons. We go through unending transition from
hot to cold and from rainy to sunny. This alone should have given us an idea that everything around
us changes and that the only permanent in this life is the word – CHANGE.
So, why not become “seasonal” by trying different directions and endeavors? Do not let the different
aspects of your life become monotonous. Experiment, explore, and implement, and you’ll likely
experience improvements in the areas that you never expected.
CHANGE
According to the Greeks is “persona” meaning mask. Mask commonly known by humans as a device used to disguise
themselves from anybody whenever and wherever they go.
What is personality development in simple words?

Personality is concerned with the psychological pattern of a particular — the thoughts,
emotions and feelings—that are special to a person. In fact, the entirely of character, attributes
and traits of a person are organizable for molding his personality.
What is a good personality?

The personality is the indicative pattern of sensible, feeling, and bearing that make a person unique. When we say that
someone has a good personality, we express that they are agreeable, interesting and satisfying to be with. Everyone
desire to be attractive to others.
Personality is the summation of ONESELF. It is something that makes one exceptional from the others.
Development is “the act of developing or the state or condition of being developed” according to Ferguson’s
(1998) Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition,
In addition to this definition, Elizabeth B. Hurlock (1982) states that “development is a progressive series of
change, which occur as a result of maturation and experience”.
Development an act of enhancing the different aspects of personality, namely:

Temperament or the so-called emotional Physical
Intellectual Social and spiritual aspects
Character
What are the types of personality development?
Five major traits underlie personality, according to psychologists. They are introversion/extroversion, openness,
conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism.
How can I improve my personality development?

1. Greet everyone with a smile. The first and most easy step you can take to refine your personality is to provide
everyone a warm greeting.
2. Have good manners.
3. Ask open-ended questions.
4. Keep your promises.
5. Offer a helping hand to those in need.
6. Continue doing these things even if they do not come naturally.
What are the 8 stages of personality development?

Eight stages of psychosocial development include;
trust vs. mistrust,

autonomy vs. shame/doubt,
initiative vs. guilt,
industry vs. inferiority,
identity vs. role confusion,
intimacy vs. isolation,
generativity vs. stagnation, and
integrity vs. despair.
What is the process of personality development?

Personality is what makes a person a unique person, and it is observable soon after birth. A child's personality has
various factor: temperament, environment, and character. Most psychologists allow that these two factors—
temperament and environment—determine the development of a person's personality the most .
Relationship between Personality Development and Human Relations

In the real world, personality development and social relations always go hand-in-hand with one another. The
development of one’s personality can affect one’s social relations.
Myths of Personality
How people mistakenly judge others, here are some statements.
1. Personality is nothing but physical appearance. This only refers to the person’s physical appearance and not the
totality of one’s personality.
2. Personality is nothing but intellectual prowess. Personality encompasses a lot about an individual that
intellectual ability is just one part of it.
3. Personality is nothing but pseudo-science. Pseudo-science is also known as para-science. It uses a method to
judge one’s personality, namely:
a. Phrenology – pseudo science that explains that the shape of one’s skull reveals one’s personality.
b. Graphology – pseudo science that explains that the lines crisscrossing one’s hands have an implication to
one’s personality.
c. Astrology – pseudo science that explains that the location and pattern of heavenly bodies have significance
to one’s personality.
d. Physiognomy – pseudo science that explains that the structure and expressions of one’s physique reveals their
personality.
e. Numerology – pseudo science that explains that the numbers pertaining to one’s birthdate have an implication
to one’s personality.
Psychodynamics of Personality
Represent the individual’s inner motivations to have a well-balanced personality.
ID – most primitive amongst the three forces of personality is also known as the pleasure principle. It always seeks the
satisfaction of one’s desires and urges in life while disregarding the reality needs of the individual.
EGO – is dominated by social norms and environmental standards is also known as the reality principle.
SUPEREGO – is the third psychic force and known to be one’s conscience is also known as the moral principle. A
person who is dominated by this principle is more rationalized by what is right and what is wrong, and by those of
parental prohibitions, sanctions and moral concepts.
Objectives of Personality Enhancement

People try to enhance their personality for:
a. Social acceptance, one’s wish to be treated in accordance with who they are at present to gain more
friends and to feel love and belongingness.
b. Self-satisfaction, one’s desire to feel contented and pleased with themselves whenever they are in the
company of other people.
c. Self-confidence, the ability of a person to deal with anybody on different situations without hesitations.
Agents in Developing Personality
a. Family – this basic unit of society is also the basic foundation of personality development.
b. School – this is formalized agent of personality development which seeks obedience from its members for
individuals to achieve their goal of developing humans that possess a socially – approved knowledge, skills,
values, attitudes and general orientations of the society.
c. Church – this is a different formalized agent of personality formation where the rules stipulated are not
made by humans but by Divine Providence within which people are expected to abide.
d. Peer Group – this is a type of agent in the formation of personality where no specific rules are laid for the
so – called enjoyment of its members.
e. Mass Media – an influential agent in the formation of one’s personality through the use of some devices.
Hence, whatever is widely accepted by known personalities in the media, the person influenced by this
agent will imitate.
Self-confidence refers to the trust a person has in his abilities and judgment, which enables him to
express his knowledge and opinion freely with no or little difficulties.
Self-confidence is not a permanent state of mind – a person’s level of confidence may increase or
decrease within a given period. Whiles some people are confident all the time, others tend to
experience fluctuating situations and another group of persons have almost no confidence at all.
Self-confidence is dependent on various factors including a person’s temperament, society and
culture, educational level, wealth, trends of successes and failures etc.
A highly confident person may begin to wilt in confidence after suffering consecutive failures but
whatever the case may be, self-confidence is always a mind game; it is dependent on the mentality or
mindset of the person. Anyone can become confident if he tries to.
Importance of self-confidence as a skill
Obviously, self-confidence comes along with tremendous advantages. Especially in your career path, it is one of the
skills that is needed every step of the way. There are certain persons and job positions that require people with absolute
self-confidence. Some of these are lawyers and judges, journalists, managers, public relations officers, actors, pastors,
teachers, marketing managers and sales personnel etc.
Self-confidence is a skill that is needed by everyone. Below are some random benefits of self-confidence:
 Self-confident people are able to express themselves freely and create a lasting impression on the minds of
employers during job applications and interviews.
 Because of the relationship between self-confidence and competency, people easily trust self-confident people.
Due to this, substantial projects and valuable contracts are often awarded to highly confident employees.
 Self-confidence is the driving factor that spurs entrepreneurs and pioneers on to commence new projects.
 With a high level of self-confidence, you are able to take independent but great decisions in your organization
or your field of work. You don’t worry your superiors with constant requests for directions and instructions.
How to improve self-confidence
As we talked about earlier, self-confidence is dependent on a number of factors. You may be confident today but what
if something very embarrassing happens to you tomorrow? Will you still be as confident?
No matter what the circumstance may be, there a few tips that can help you maintain a good level of self-confidence.
 Prepare and equip yourself. Being sure of your capabilities and having a track record of successes is a natural way to
raise your level of confidence. Your confidence is boosted when you are sure you will be successful in something because
you’ve done it before. Train yourself till you have acquired all the needed skills in your specific field of work and take
practice tests if possible. Successes in practice tests automatically raise your level of confidence.
 Have a positive self-perception. People, for various reasons, suffer inferiority complex. They have the perception that
others are better than them. Many a time, this is due to the temperament of the person, especially phlegmatic people. Make
a habit of thinking positively about yourself. Focus on your strengths and see your weaknesses as an opportunity to learn
more. If someone is better than you in one aspect, take a look at their shortcomings and compare them to your strengths.
Gradually, this exercise helps you develop and I am better than him mentality which affects you positively.
 Assertiveness. People are used to criticizing people and shunning their opinions. The more you allow your opinions to be
ignored without taking a strong stance or defense, you begin to lose confidence in yourself. Stand by words and opinions,
and try to explain every little reason for your actions or opinions. When people get convinced and accept your ideas
regularly, your confidence level will be on the increase.
Source: https://answersingenesis.org/what-is-the-meaning-of-life/
ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY
1. Classify the different aspects of personality;
2. Differentiate the various aspects of personality; and
3. Compare each aspect with one another by illustrating examples.
Activity 2

you can because this will be your guide in improving your personality
throughout the subject.
1. My physical features that I consider as my asset/s are:
2. I consider this/these as my asset/s because:
3. I consider my intellect as:
4. I consider my intellect that way because:
5. My pleasing character/s involve/s:
6. I consider this/these character/s as pleasing because:
7. My emotional strength/s is/are:
8. These are considered strengths because:
9. I show my spiritual faith through:
10. I consider this as my way of showing my spiritual faith because:
- Numbers 1 and 2 tackle your idea about your physical appearance.
- Numbers 3 and 4 discuss your opinion of your intelligence.
- Numbers 5 and 6 present your belief on your character.
- Number 7 and 8 explain your emotions.

- Number 9 and 10 talk about your spirituality.
After your thorough evaluation of your own answers, be sure to design a plan for changing
your personality and choose a better way of improving or maintaining it.
Source: https://quotefancy.com/quote/930625/Walt-Whitman-Have-you-learned-the-lessons-only-of-
those-who-admired-you-and-were-tender
What makes an individual differ from each other?

What prompts them to act the way they do?
When people encounter individuals with aggressive behavior, they conclude that they behave that
way because they inherited that attitude from their parents. Hereditary, which is known as the
transmission of the genetic characteristics of parents to offspring.
In reality, heredity is only one aspect of behavior formation because what makes the people behave
or act in a certain way is also influenced by their environment.
It is true that heredity has a lot to do with the person’s upbringing but it is his environment
that develops what he has at present. The relationship of these two factors have an immense
influence on a person’s personality that make him unique.
Personality has six aspects that includes the following;
Physical Aspect focuses on all the external attributes of an individual. The environment
enhances an individual’s knowledge to improve on one’s physical attributes.
Intellectual Aspect focuses on one’s mental capacity or Intelligence Quotient (IQ).

Formal schooling further cultivates this aspect. The better education one has, the better
personality one develops.
Character Aspect is about one’s knowledge of what is right and what is wrong. It can
be developed further as soon as the individual acquires the ability to grasp concepts or
standards of good manners and right conduct.
Temperamental Aspect or the emotional aspect, explains one’s sentiments or feelings

towards something or someone on a given situation or instance.
Social Aspect is seen primarily on the extent of a certain individual to deal with other
people around them by observing the protocol of human relations, or the so – called
social etiquette. That is greatly affected by his enhanced physiological state, intellectual
keenness, emotional maturity, and faith. When properly developed, this aspect could
result to a more socially flexible person who is prepared to meet the various situations
in life.
Spiritual Aspect is about the belief of people in worshipping a Divine Being. This
aspect is further developed in the environment through religious affiliations and
practice.
Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/272749321153598385/
THEORIES OF
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
1. Compare and Contrast the different stages of development;
2. Distinguish how an individual develops his/her personality; and
3. Conclude how an individual establishes his/her present personality.
Activity 3

you can because this will be your guide in improving your personality.
1. I inherited my father’s:
2. I inherited my mother’s:
3. I learned my ABC’s at the age of ___ with the help of:
4. I first went to school at the age of ___ and I learned:
5. I learned what is right and wrong during:
6. I believe that the following are considered ethical:
7. I first learned to trust people when:
8. I believe that intimacy is:
9. I believe that there is a Divine Being because:
10. I believe that there is something or someone with omnipotent power who can save me
because:
- Numbers 1 and 2 tackle ideas on whom your attributes came from.
- Numbers 3 and 4 discuss your opinion on how your intelligence is developed.
- Numbers 5 and 6 present your belief on how your character is being formed.
- Number 7 and 8 explain on how you developed your emotions.
- Number 9 and 10 talk about how deep your belief or faith is in the existence of
a Supreme Being.
After your thorough evaluation of your own answers, be sure to be able to devise a plan that
could help you change your personality and choose a feasible way of improving or maintaining
it.
No one walks without learning
how to crawl. Human beings have
been so complex that knowing them
requires one to see how human
beings are developed.
People have this opinion that
the development of an individual
takes an orderly phase. But some can
skip a certain stage of development.
Source: https://www.passiton.com/inspirational-quotes/5886-he-who-would-learn-to-fly-one-day-must-first
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT TYPES
Quantitative Development – stage of chronological development of

humans that involves numbers.
Qualitative Development – weight of maturity of person when it

comes to all the aspects of personality
QUANTITATIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Physiological Stages of Development
STAGES AGE PERSONALITY

Infancy/Babyhood 0-2 Learns how to draw the attention of the people around them in
any way they can
Childhood 3-6 Reinforces self-concept through the attitude, behavior, and
Early Childhood emotion laid before him by significant people, such as family
and peers.
Late Childhood 7-13 Gets too involved in getting the approval of their peers; family
relationships deteriorate affecting their personal and social
adjustments leaving a strong impact on their self-evaluation.
Adolescence 14-17 Eagerness to improve their personalities in the hope of
advancing their status in the social group they belong and a
time for identity confusion where relationships between
adolescents and members of the families tend to decline.
Self-concepts are often beyond their control as they are

influenced by a lot of conditions.
Adulthood 18-40 People settle down and reproduce
Early Adulthood
Limits self to vocation and family resulting to a lesser social
activity.
Change in recreational activities due to the changes in their

role and lifestyle
Middle Age 41-59 Realizes achievement and boredom
Dreads stress provided by physiological and psychological

changes.
Senescent 60 to Physiological and psychological changes lead to poor
death adjustments and unhappiness resulting to disengagement in
social gtherings.
QUALITATIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Jean Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development

STAGE CHARACTERIZATION
Sensorimotor Compares self with objects. Finds out that self has the ability to act and respond
(Birth – 2 years) towards something; for example, pulls a string to set a noise
Preoperational Learns to make use of language and to symbolize objects by images and words
(2-7 years)
Thinking is still egocentric and has difficulty taking the viewpoint of others
Classifies object by a single feature, for example; group together all the red blocks
regardless of shape or all the square blocks regardless of color.
Concrete Operational Can think rationally about objects and events
(7-11 years)
Achieves accumulation of quantity (age 6), magnitude (age 7), and gravity (age 9)
Identifies object according to various attribute and can sort them in series along a
single factor, such as height.
Formal Operational Can think rationally about intangible proposition and evaluate hypothesis
(11 years and up) systematically
Becomes concerned with the imaginary, the future, and ideological problems.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Reasoning
LEVEL/STAGE MORALITY
Level I Preconventional Morality
Stage 1 Punishment Orientation (Obeys rules just to avoid punishment)
Reward Orientation (Conforms to obtain rewards to have favors returned)

Stage 2
Level II Conventional Morality
Stage 3 Good Boy/Girl Orientation (Conforms to avoid disapproval of others)
Authority Orientation (Obey laws and social rules to avoid censure of

Stage 4 authorities and guilt-feelings about not doing the “right thing”)
Level III Postconventional Morality
Stage 5 Social-control Orientation (Conforms to principle that is essential to public

welfare, retains respect of peers and self-respect)
Ethical Principle Orientation (Conforms to self-chosen ethical principle,

which usually values justice, dignity, and equality; thus, condemnation)
Stage 6
Eric Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

STAGES PSYCHOSOCIAL CRISES FAVORABLE OUTCOME
1. Infancy Trust vs. Mistrust Trust and positive thinking
2. Early Childhood Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Sense of self-discipline and
competence
3. Preschool Age Initiative vs. Guilt Purpose and direction; ability to work
independently
4. School Age Industry vs. Inferiority Proficiency in intellectual, social, and
physical skills
5. Adolescence Identity vs. Identity Confusion Built an integrated idiosyncrasy
6. Early Adulthood Intimacy vs. Isolation Ability to establish close and lasting
relationships; to make career
commitments
7. Middle Adulthood Generativity vs. Self-absorption Concern for people, namely; family,
society, and future generation
8. The Aging Years Integrity vs. Despair Self-realization and self-satisfaction;
readiness to face death
Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

CONSEQUENCES OF
STAGE AGE RANGE EROGENOUS ZONE(S)
FIXATION
Oral fixation:
Oral 0-18 months Mouth Passive dependence or
excessive smoking/eating
Anal-retentiveness:
Obsession with
Bowel and bladder organization or excessive
Anal 1-3 years
elimination neatness
Anal-expulsive:
Reckless, careless, defiant,
disorganized
Oedipus complex (in boys
only according to Freud)
Phallic 3-6 years Genitals
Electra complex (in girls
according to Jung not
Freud)
(People do not tend to
fixate at this stage, but if
Latency 6 years-puberty Dormant sexual feelings they do, they tend to be
extremely sexually
unfulfilled.)
Frigidity, impotence,
Genital Puberty and beyond Sexual interest mature
unsatisfactory relationships
Source: https://medium.com/sharing-by-mirco-pasqualini/wellbeing-the-next-disruptive-industry-by-
tech-a276828aac50
PHYSICAL ASPECT:
An Analysis
1. Determine what constitute the physical aspect of personality;
2. Identify how the physical aspect affects an individual;
3. Apply the knowledge learned; and
4. Design a plan that could maximize the information gained.
Activity 4.1
DIRECTIONS:
Answer the following activity by encircling yes or no to determine your beauty strengths
and weaknesses. Then, let someone whom you consider as best friend to answer the
same activity for you to see if your answers match theirs.
1. You know that SPF stands for Yes No

Sun Protection Formula.
2. You’re headed to salon once a month. Yes No
3. Cleansing is one of your nighttime skin care regimen. Yes No
4. You use exfoliation scrub or loofah to get smoother skin. Yes No
5. You don’t slouch when sitting. Yes No
6. You always strand erect. Yes No
7. You make it a point to eat a balanced diet. Yes No
8. You make it a point not to drag your shoes. Yes No
9. You know how to combine colors. Yes No
10. You never try to brush your hair 100 times. Yes No

 Mostly Yes’s: Beauty Conscious. You are very keen with all the changes of your body and that you
are inclined to keeping a well- balanced life.
o Mostly No’s: Beauty Cataleptic. You are not into keeping your physical attributes pleasing to the eye
but apt to changes if persuaded. So start your beauty awareness because you need it.
RESULT
Rating: ____________________
Verbal Interpretation: ___________________
VISUAL POISE
Exploring oneself in public places means a person must walk, sit
and stand as if he/she is one with the universe.
1. Standing. Most especially for the ladies, the graceful ways to
stand is called basic foot position or the so-called basic hesitation
position because it relaxes the legs.
2. Walking. Lift your leg from hip joint with thigh muscles. Push
at the same time with the ball of the foot still on the ground. Keep feet
on two close parallel lines and size of step about length of own foot.
Bend knees and then return them to relaxed position but never let them
stiffen.
3. Sitting.
1) Always sit and rise yourself to and from the chair with the help of
your thigh muscles;
2) You are only allowed to bend up to your thigh joint; and
3) Approach and sit at an angle if possible and appropriate because it
will make you look more graceful and will give you better ease.
FIGURE CONTROL
Understanding your body. In order for a person to present a good posture, he/she must first understand
his/her body and how it is formed.
Types of Muscles
1. Striated Muscles. are voluntary muscles that are responsible for body movements, such as: walking,
jogging, and all body movements that need the exertion coming from the joints.
2. Smooth Muscles. are voluntary muscles that primarily work for the internal organs of the body.
3. Cardiac Muscles. are combination of the striated and smooth muscles that are responsible for the
heart.
Types of Posture Problems

1. Kyphosis. A posture problem showing symptoms, such as head thrusting forward and shoulders
dropping hunched forward.
2. Lordosis. A posture problem showing symptoms, such as stomach protruding and buttocks protruding
in back, like a “back porch.”
3. Scoliosis. A posture problem showing symptoms among the three posture problems, such as head
thrusting forward, shoulders drooping or hunching forward, bust line drooping, chest spear to be caved
in, stomach protruding, buttocks protruding in back, like a “back porch”, knees stiff, and “locked” in
position, and feet pointing inward or outward.
WAYS TO HAVE A BETTER DIET
1. Eat slowly.
2. Don’t eat unless you’re really hungry.
3. Less food on your plate.
4. Drink a glass of more water, tea, or coffee before each meal.
5. Omit salt or use it scarcely.
6. Don’t use sugar in beverages.
7. Never use butter, margarines, oil, cream, fats, mayonnaise, or rich dressing unless prescribed on your
diet.
8. Avoid concentrated rich food.
9. Taste the forbidden food but don’t eat it.
10. No second helping.
11. More activity, less sleep.
12. Beware of saying “I eat like a bird.”
13. Days of deprivation.
14. Stop at your ideal weight.
15. Speak up “I’m dieting.”
MAKE-UP
Everybody has his or her unique facial features that need not be concealed by any facial colorings.
The Inside Beauty. The internal beauty that is referred to in this topic is the skin.
Layers of the Skin
1. Epidermis. This is the outer covering or layer of the body that is divided into two: vascular or
bloodless layers.
2. Dermis. This layer of the skin contains nerve cells, blood vessels, connective tissues, sebaceous
glands, and some of the hair follicles and fats.
3. Hypodermis. The inner most layer of the skin, otherwise known as subcutaneous tissue that consists
of fatty tissues, some blood vessels, sweat glands, and smooth muscles.
CLEANSING ROUTINE
Types of Skin
1. Normal. This type of skin is characterized by velvety, smooth, and clear texture.
2. Oily. This type of skin is often abrasive in texture with a possibility to produce large pores around the
nose that often result to blackheads and/or blemishes.
3. Dry. This type of skin often coarse or papery to touch and relatively becomes flushed or tender and
manifest wrinkles easily on the eyes and mouth.
4. Combination. Sometimes the skin of an individual is so hard to distinguish where it manifests the
different characteristics of different skin types and this represents a combination type of skin.
Basic Cleansing Routine for All Type of Skin
Morning Cleansing Routine
1. Wash your hands before using them in massaging or cleansing your face.
2. Wash face with mild soap since you only get up from sleep and the face is not extremely dirty.
3. Use moisturizer to protect skin from harmful organisms when you go out of the safety of your home.
4. Use foundation or power to protect the skin from dust or any pore-clogging organisms.
Night Cleansing Routine
1. Wash your hands before using them in massaging or cleansing your face. It is obvious that everybody
should wash their hands first before holding anything to avoid skin problems.
2. Use deep pore cleanser to dig deep down the unwanted dirt that clogs your pores and lift all the
impurities.
3. Wash face with soap prescribed for your skin type combined with running water to complete the
cleansing the deep pore cleanser has started.
4. Use astringent or freshener depending on your skin type to remove any traces left by cleanser and to
tighten and refine the pores slightly.
5. Use night cream to help skin rejuvenate.
Make-Up Application
1. The basic and primary step a person should do before applying something
unto his/her face is to cleanse their face and neck thoroughly, then apply
moisturizer.
2. Apply foundation evenly unto face and neck for color, defense, provide
façade for powder to cling to, and outline protection.
3. Shape and shave eyebrows.
4. Apply eye shadow and eyeliners that suit your wardrobe for the day.
5. Apply mascara to upper and lower lashes to project longer and bolder lashes.
6. Color cheek to give a rosy glow on your face.
7. Apply lipstick with brush or pencil to present a more appealing you.
WARDROBING
Psychology of Colors
1. Red. It expresses hostilities, fury, violence, hate, anger, and sin. But, it also
presents love, beauty happiness, and cheerfulness.
2. Yellow. This expresses weaknesses, jealousy, and envy. It also suggests
positivism, magnificence, intelligence, gold, and prosperity. It also presents a
carefree mood of a person.
3. Blue. A calm, humble color illustrating divinity, reputation, and honesty. It has diminishing qualities
that suggest depression or loneliness, often referred to as the “blues.”
4. Green. It is soothing to the eyes and nerves as it symbolizes healthy environment, youth, contentment,
success, and serenity.
5. Purple. Presents regality, grief, sorrow, exhaustion, or somberness.
6. White. Is the insignia of hope and love, denoting beauty, happiness, innocence, and decency.
7. Black. Is bitter, sad, depressing, and mysterious, expressing distress, grief, and insecurity. If young
people use this color in clothes, they appear much older than they really are, while older women
accomplish a very sophisticated look, especially if the women accomplish a very sophisticated look,
especially if the solemnity is equalized by interesting jewelry or color accents.
COLOR HARMONY
Color Terminologies
1. Hue/ Tone. This is the interchange with “color”.
2. Primary Colors. These represent the three fundamentals hues.
3. Secondary Colors. These represent the hues resulting when two primary colors are combined in equal
amount.
4. Intermediate Colors. These represent the hues resulting from the combination of primary colors and
a neighboring secondary color.
5. Staple Colors. The tones of the fundamental clothing.
6. Neutral Colors. The tones of the fundamental clothing.
7. Warm Colors. These are the colors that advance and which make object appear larger.
8. Cool Colors. These are the colors that recede and which make objects appear smaller.
9. Cast. The inclination toward a color as the underlying color within a color.
10. Under Tone. The stronger, more dominant color within an intermediate color.
11. Dark Color. Hues with a lot black than colors.
12. Deep Colors. Full strong hues, no absence of color, and little or no black.
Colors that Suits the Season
Summer. Since this season is hot, its better for you to wear something that goes with the cool
environment.
Rainy. It’s definitely cold outside so you have to wear hot colors to project the colors of the sun.
Factors to Consider in Selecting Colors
1. Skin tone
2. Hair color
3. Eye color
4. Figure
5. Personal choice
DRESS PROPERLY ON CERTAIN OCCASION

The laws of Having A Good Style
1. Memories every angle of your body.
2. Never repeat clothing that does not flatter your figure.
3. Use clothing with lines and colors that give a perfect impression.
4. Make sure that your clothes fit.
BASIC WARDROBE LINES
Once you have examined yourself in a full-length mirror, then you can definitely play with lines and
colors that can conceal your imperfections.
1. Plain Lines. This is a basic wardrobe line that is commonly used for all type of figures and heights.
2. Princess Lines. This is a type of line that gives an illusion that a certain figure has a pleasing shape
and height.
3. Vertical Lines. This is a type of line that gives an illusion that a certain individual has shorter and
fuller figure.
4. Vee Lines. This is a curve line that gives an illusion that a certain individual has taller and slimmer
figure.
5. Inverted Vee Lines. This is a curve line that gives an illusion that a certain individual has shorter and
fuller figure.
FASHION BUDGET
1. Don’t be an impulsive buyer.
2. Try to make clothes inventory at least once a year to check the clothes that you have forgotten but are
still on the trend.
3. Don’t skip on things that you always wear like shoes and bags.
4. Know your taste on clothes and not just the trend.
5. Learn to do your own clothes alterations to save money.
6. Don’t buy something that needs to be altered too much, especially things on sale that aren’t really your
size.
7. Stay away from off-beat colors that are hard to mix and match with your other wardrobe.
8. Be a discount store shopper.
9. Don’t ignore cheap clothes for fear that it isn’t any good.
10. Don’t be biggie-eyed by every bargain sign you see.
11. Try to swap clothes with friends.
12. Avoid the urge to buy something new for that last minute party invitation.
13. Buy “all season” clothes so you’re not faced with need for a new wardrobe several times a year.
14. Spend the time/money to keep clothes and shoes in good repair.
15. Last but not the least, if you don’t really need a new wardrobe, just better save the money for your
future use.
HAIR STYLING
Hair Myths
1. Everyday shampooing of one’s hair is bad.
2. Brushing your hair every evening for 100 times is good.
3. Vigorous massaging of scalp is good.
4. Providing the hair extremely with vitamins and minerals
is good.
5. Vigorous drying of your hair with towel is good. Source:
https://www.clipartmax.com/middle/m2i8H7m2i8Z5N4b1_logo-hairstyle-beauty-parlour-clip-art-
salon-clip-art/
SOLUTIONS TO HAIR PROBLEM
Dull and Lifeless Hair. To restore lustre to dull and lifeless hair, you need to have a good health, do gentle
brushing, use lots and lots and lots of conditioners and hair protection, and thoroughly rinse hair after
shampooing.
Split ends. If you don’t have time to go to the parlor for a trim, try to mix equal parts of mayonnaise and soy
sauce. Then rinse thoroughly after half an hour. You may also try using plastic pins instead of closed metal-
bobby pins.
Dandruff. This is a scale formed by dead cells that are about to peel off. For you to get rid of it, you have to
gently brush the areas with dandruff then rinse your hair thoroughly.
Falling Hair. There is no need to be afraid when you see hair falling because it is normal. But, of your hair
falling into groups from the same head area, you have to do is consult a dermatologist.
Brushing
1. You’ve got to have a brush that stands for quality, durability, and reasonably firm (but not too firm),
long bristles.
2. Natural bristle brushes are gentle and will give additional life and sheen to the hair.
3. Keep brush as clean as always to avoid transfer of dirt.
4. Remember: Have your own brush and never borrow other people’s brush to avoid hair problems.
SHAMPOOING
Before Shampooing
1. Massage your scalp as gently as possible.
2. Gently brush your hair.
3. Rinse your hair with reasonably warm water.
During Shampooing
1. Use a shampoo specified to your hair type.
2. Massage your hair with your fingertips to form lather.
3. Rinse thoroughly with luke warm water until the flow of water becomes clear.
4. Repeat steps 1, 2 and 3.
5. Apply an acid rinse- vinegar or lemon.
6. Rinse again with clear water.
7. Use a conditioner specified for your hair type and condition.
8. This is the messy part were you have to untangle your hair.
To avoid hair breakage, use a comb with a wide tooth.
9. Apply setting lotion.
GOOD GROOMING
Drying Hair. You can use blow dryers but be sure that you don’t take it too close to your scalp because this
device gives heat and too much heat will cause hair problems. Instead of blower, try using an air fan or electric
fan because it is safer.
Hair Setting. Set your hair by using setting lotion, gel, rollers, clips, and other hair ornaments.
Activity 4.2
Let’s Do It Physical!
Instructions: Take a picture for 1 and 2, accessories

would be a plus.
For 3, a video containing all actions demonstrating
what was ask.
1. Before and After: Hair, Make-up & Grooming
2. Wardrobe Check:
a. Formal Attire
b. Semi-Formal Attire
c. Business Attire
(Business Formal &
Business Casual)
d. Casual Attire
e. Trendy Style
3. Proper Walking, Proper Standing and Proper Sitting in one video.
Source: https://www.azquotes.com/author/14190-W_Clement_Stone
INTELLECTUAL ASPECT:
An Analysis
1. Determine the different techniques in gaining intellectual growth and
intellectual respect;
2. Analyze how the different techniques can help an individual;
3. Classify the different defense mechanisms;
4. Evaluate the different defense mechanisms that are applicable to a certain
situation; and
5. Design a plan on how to incorporate these mechanisms and techniques into
one’s life.
Activity 5
Directions: Answer the following activity by marking the appropriate

number to determine your communication strengths and weaknesses.
Then, let someone whom you consider as best friend to answer the same
activity for you to see if your answers and their answers match.
Rating: 1=Never 2=Rarely 3=Sometimes 4=Usually 5=Always
1. During discussions, I seldom talk. 1 2 3 4 5
2. I can immediately say if the person 1 2 3 4 5

I am talking with is comfortable or tense.
3. I consciously do things just to put others at ease 1 2 3 4 5

when they are communicating with me.
4. I try to let others know that I am listening by 1 2 3 4 5

asking some questions.
5. I consciously try to ignore things when I am 1 2 3 4 5

talking with somebody else.
6. I never try to distract others whenever they 1 2 3 4 5

are expressing their feelings, emotions, or
ideas.
7. I try to make it a point to understand what the 1 2 3 4 5

others are trying to tell me whenever we have
contrasting points of view.
8. I make it a point not to be a part of an argument. 1 2 3 4 5
9. Although, I feel that the person whom I am talking 1 2 3 4 5

with be corrected, I never try to criticize them.
10. I give direct answers and suggestions if asked. 1 2 3 4 5
11. I make it a point not to give unsolicited advice. 1 2 3 4 5
12. If I feel that my listeners do not understand what 1 2 3 4 5

I am trying to say, I make it a point to reiterate,
rephrase, and summarize my thoughts.
13. I make it a point t ask my listeners from time for 1 2 3 4 5

feedback in order for me to know whether they
understand me or not.
14. When I feel that somebody does not agree with 1 2 3 4 5

what I am saying, I try to ask them about their
opinions.
15. When I talk to somebody, I try to communicate 1 2 3 4 5

with them within 30 seconds.
Grading key
61 and above You have an Excellent communication skill.

46-60 You have a Very Satisfactory communication skill.
31-45 You have a Satisfactory communication skill.
16-30 You have an Unsatisfactory communication skill.
15 and below You have a Poor communication skill.
RESULT:
Rating: ___________________
Verbal Interpretation: __________________________
SUMMARY:
Give a comprehensive evaluation on the result of your
communication exam when it comes to the following:
1. My overall communication skill is:
2. My personal communication skill is:
3. My social communication skill is:
TECHNIQUES IN GAINING INTELLECTUAL GROWTH
ACQUIRING POSITIVE THINKING. As stated by Lowell Peacock “Attitude is the first quality that marks
the successful man. If he has a positive attitude and is a positive thinker, who like challenges and difficult
situations, then he has half his success achieved.” So, how can you acquire positive thinking? Here are some
pointers: You have to….
1. Act, walk, talk, and think like the person you wish to become.
2. Seize successful, positive thoughts in your wits.
3. Exude an air of well-being, confidence, and purpose.
4. Deal with everyone as the most important person on earth.
5. Let others feel needed, important, and appreciated.
6. Think that everyone is best.
7. Don’t brag about your bad health.
8. Look everywhere for best new ideas.
9. Cultivate a spirit of giving.
OUTLINING A BETTER VISION. According to E. Paul Hovey, “A blind man’s world is bound by the
limits of his touch; an ignorant man’s world by the limits of his knowledge; a great man’s world by the limits
of his vision.” So, how will you outline your vision? Here are some pointers: You have to…
1. Identify your vision.
2. Analyze your present life condition.
3. Substitute all the little options for that one big vision.
4. Modify your personal growth to your vision.
5. Expose yourself to successful people.
6. Frequently express your belief in your vision.
7. Expect resistance to your vision.
8. Eliminate negative thinker as close friends.
9. Discover every possible opportunity to fulfill your vision.
10. Surpass normal expectations.
11. Assist others who have a similar vision.
OUTLINING A BETTER GOAL. According to Earl Nightingale, “To achieve happiness, we should make
certain that we are never without an important goal”. People only gain happiness if they achieve something
good that can boost their ego. But, it is certain that people do not achieve something good without identifying
a certain goal that will motivate them to work hard. So, how do you outline your goals? Here are some pointers:
You have to….
1. Crystallize your mindset.
2. Create a plan for acting your goal and a deadline for its achievement.
3. Cultivate a sincere desire for the things you want in life.
4. Produce supreme confidence in yourself and your own abilities.
5. Build a dogged determination to follow through on your plan.
Source: https://www.clipartmax.com/max/m2i8K9G6A0G6H7b1/
TIME MANAGEMENT. At present, the world is at a haste that every single minute must be accounted
for. Nothing has to be taken for granted because if you waste even a second of it, you will be gaining an
ounce of regret enough to miss half of your life’s happiness. According to Henry Ford, “It has been my
observation that most people get ahead during the time that others waste” So, if you do not want to feel
regret and sorry for yourself, do not waste time NOW and think success because according to Jim Dorman,
“Successful people realized the value of time.” So, how do you manage your time correctly? Here are
some pointers:
You have to….
1. Learn to work in blocks of time.
2. Avoid daydreaming, procrastination, and laziness.
3. Determine your priorities.
4. Maintain your priorities.
5. Act on your priorities.
OVERCOMING STRESS, FRUSTRATION, AND CONFLICT

What is stress? Stress is a physical, mental, and emotional strain causing people to feel depressed and
frustrated.
Stress Factors
1. Physical factor
2. Mental factor
3. Social factor
What is frustration? Frustration is the result of one’s impediment or incapability to complete his desired
goals or ambitions. It is caused by stressful events or conflicts.
What is conflict? The instance where one has to choose between two or more synchronized appearance of
incompatible or mutually special goals or desires is called conflict.
Types of Conflicts
1. Double-approach conflict
2. Double-avoidance conflict
3. Approach-avoidance conflict
4. Multiple conflicts
Here are some pointers to overcome stress, frustration, and conflict….
1. Cultivate a proper outlook.
2. Stop running from risks.
3. Succeed in you areas of strength.
4. Prevent the rat race.
5. Dismount from the path of overwork.
6. Produce strong conviction.
7. Give up your rights.
8. Reprogram your mind.
9. Turn your focus outward.
10. Unload stressful events to someone.
11. Find a fun way to release stress. Source: https://blog.edmentum.com/controlling-what-we-can-
control-self-awareness-and-self-management
COMMUNICATION SKILLS. Communication is a continuous two-ways process of transmitting
information from a person to another through speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
Classification of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
People Involved in the Communication
1. Sender
2. Receiver
Symbols in the Communication Process
1. Verbal
2. Non-verbal
Aspects in the Communication Process
Speaking. Here are some pointers: you have to….
1. Identify what you want to say.
2. Control fear.
3. Stop talking and listen.
4. Think before you talk.
5. Believe in your message.
6. Repeat major points.
7. Find out what your listeners wants.
Listening. Here are some pointers: You have to….
1. Prepare to listen.
2. Focus on the speaker.
3. Screen-out distractions.
4. Concentrate on the message.
5. Listen to tapes while you communicate.
Writing. Here are some pointers: You have to…..
1. Keep a journal.
2. Take notes.
3. Write personal notes.
4. Write more effective business letters.
5. Use short sentence.
6. Communicate online.
Reading. Here are some pointers: You have to….
1. Read.
2. Keep up with current events.
3. Read something inspirational.
4. Use the internet.
Source: https://pngimage.net/autoconocimiento-png-
7/
THE POWER OF MOTIVATION. Motivation is a continuous process that drives a person to act on
something in order to satisfy his/her needs. According to Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary
Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition, motivation is “To provide with a motive; instigate; induce” (1988, p.
473). It can be literally explained as, if a person needs something because he/she believes he/she misses it or
might be deprived of the thing he/she tries to gratify. That is motivation.
Classification of Motives
1. Lower-order need
2. Higher-order need
HIERARCHY OF NEEDS. The widely used distinction of motive is presented by Abraham H. Maslow he
illustrates the five levels of ascending human needs.
1. Physiological needs
2. Safety and Security needs
3. Love and belongingness needs
4. Self-esteem needs
5. Self-actualization needs
REINFORCEMENT THAT MOTIVATES. These actions for people to either continue or eliminate the
action are called the reinforcement.
Types of Reinforcement
1. Positive reinforcement
2. Negative reinforcement
FACTORS THAT APPEAL FOR MOTIVATION. “No two individuals are alike.” This is a statement that
most of us are aware of. But don’t you know that there are also similarities that drive every individual to work
on something? These are the factors that appeal to a complex being like we are. To enumerate, these are:
1. Physical factor
2. Psychological factor
3. Social factor
4. Moral factor
5. Spiritual factor
LEADERSHIP ABILITIES. Leadership is the process by which a person leads and directs somebody
towards the achievement of a specific goal. The person who leads and directs others is called the leader. While
the person whom the leaders are directing and leading is known as followers.
Steps in Becoming a Leader
Dr. Warren Bennis, a distinguished professor of Business Administration at the University of Southern
California and Linkages, Inc., a Lexington, Massachusetts-based leadership development firm, presented the
set of five core competencies. These are:
1. Know thyself.
2. Develop a model of leadership you can strive to achieve.
3. Learn from everything.
4. Create a feedback-rich environment
5. Spiritual factor
Leadership Factors
1. Consideration
2. Structure
3. Production emphasis
4. Sensitivity
LEADERSHIP STYLES. According to Jim Dornan, “A leader is able to assess where the people are and
then proceed with the step-by-step movement of the people toward the fulfillment of his vision.” The leader
is the one that distributes, monitors and motivates the followers to achieve his dream. They are ones that
influence people, but each one does his/her own style. The following are the different types of leaders:
1. Dominating leader
2. Negotiating leader
3. Persuading leader
4. Modeling leader
5. Empowering leader
CHARACTERISTICS OF A LEADER. It is true that “No two individuals are alike” and that individuals
have their own characteristics to present. But a leader must possess exceptional qualities. Enumerated below
are some of the personalities of a leader for you to be able to identify one.
1. Leaders enlist the support of others.
2. Leaders walk their talk.
3. Leaders put their people first.
4. Leaders leverage their resources.
5. Leaders know their followers.
6. Leaders lead.
DECISION-MAKING. According to Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an
Encyclopedic Edition, decision-making is “the process by which decision are made, especially important
decisions affecting others and made by virtue of one’s office or position:” The power or ability to make
decision of consequences,” (1988, p.184)
Steps in Decision-Making
1. Relax, think over.
2. Acknowledge the obvious.
3. Evaluate the consequences.
Source: https://www.workzone.com/blog/charm-traits-everyday-leader/
Source: https://newsmeter.in/different-types-of-attitudes/
MORAL ASPECT:
An Analysis
1. Determine what compose the moral aspect of man;
2. Distinguish how the components make one’s moral aspect; and
3. Appraise his/her own moral aspect and apply the lessons learned.
Activity 6
DIRECTIONS: Write your most honest answer to the following
statements because this will be your guide for the whole subjects in
Personality Development and Social Relations.
1. I think people laugh at me whenever I:
2. I feel like ____________ whenever I am depressed because:
3. I know people love me whenever I am:
4. I know people get irritated whenever I am:
5. I always make it a point to _______________ in public places because:
HABITS
These are manners which people do in a conventional and permanent period. In addition, according to
Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition, it is “a tendency towards
an action or condition, which by repetition becomes involuntary.”(1998, p.318)
Ways to Eradicate Negative Habits
1. Observe social impression about you.
2. Intensify personal observation of actions.
3. Amplify workloads.
ATTITUDES
According to Lowell Peacock, “Attitude is the quality that marks a successful man. If he has a positive attitude
and is a positive thinker, who likes challenges and difficult situations, then he has half his success achieved.”
While according to Ferguson’s (1988) Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition,
it is a “state of mind, behavior, or conduct, as indicating to one’s feelings, opinions, or purposes.”(1988, p.
46)
Ways to Improve your Attitude
1. Intend to improve.
2. Visualize.
3. Be flexible.
4. Be likable.
5. Commit to being truthful.
6. Empathize.
7. Don’t take yourself too seriously.
8. Eliminate negative feelings.
9. Be receptive to new ideas.
10. Take responsibility.
11. Respect other’s point of view.
12. Recognize the impact of stress.
13. Be real.
14. Check your attitude
BEHAVIOR
According to Claude Bristol,” behavior is the creation of himself, the image of his own thinking and believing.
As individuals think and believe, so they are.”
According to Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition, it is a
“manner of one’s conduct, deportment, any observable response of an organism to stimuli.” (1988, p. 65)
Ways to Improve your Behavior
1. Laugh.
2. Use good manners.
3. Recognize manipulative behavior.
4. Recognize condescending manners.
5. Avoid words that hurt.
6. Change abrasive behavior.
7. Handle disagreements with tact.
INTERESTS
Ferguson’s (1988) Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition defines interests as,
“a feeling of attraction or curiosity about something.” (1988, p. 375)
It is also the individual’s inclination to achieve the task they are so eager to finish that no matter what happens,
they will pursue to finish it.
VALUES
Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition defines values as,
“something regarded as desirable, worthy, or right, as a belief or ideal.” (1988, p. 816) It is the epitome of
what is considered as standards and ideal form of living.
The Filipino Values of System
1. Bahala Na (Fatalistic Outlook)
2. Utang na Loob (Sense of Gratitude)
3. Pakikisama (Desire for Smooth Interpersonal Relation (SIR))
4. Hiya (Shyness Orientation)
5. Amor Propio (Egotism)
6. Bayanihan (Group help)
7. Mañana Habit (Procrastination)
8. Ningas-Kugon (Putting off tomorrow what you can do for today)
9. Pampalubag-loob (Euphemism)
10. Gaya-gaya (Imitating others)
PRINCIPLES
According to Ferguson’s Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition, it is a “set
of moral standards or rules of conduct, especially, superior standards or rules.”(1988, p.577). These are
standards are the one that make people grow in maturity. These standards help people to decide on things
whether to go for something or avoid it. These control people. To be more specific, there are rules that you
plan yourself and make them happen.
Source: https://www.quotes.net/quote/18984
TEMPERAMENTAL ASPECT:
An Analysis
1. Classify the different kinds of emotions;
2. Determine the effects of emotion in one’s life; and
3. Apply the suggestions on how to prevent emotional outburst.
Activity 7
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following activity by marking the
appropriate number to determine your communication strengths and
weaknesses. Then, let someone whom you consider as best friend to
answer the same activity for you to see if your answer and their answer
match yours.
1. You don’t get angry whenever you

don’t get what you want. 1 2 3 4 5
2. You can read a person’s face if he

expresses emotions. 1 2 3 4 5
3. You tell yourself that there is nothing

to worry about when you get too worried. 1 2 3 4 5
4. To minimize worry, you talk to people. 1 2 3 4 5
5. People do not tend to your feelings to somebody. 1 2 3 4 5
6. You tend to tell your feelings to somebody. 1 2 3 4 5
7. People easily know if you are experiencing an

intense emotion. 1 2 3 4 5
8. People get influenced by your emotion. 1 2 3 4 5
9. You do not tend to break down if you’re afraid. 1 2 3 4 5
10. You are totally in control of your emotion. 1 2 3 4 5
Sum up your score and the score your best friend gave you. Then, look at the provided grading key below for
the result. You will be able to find the general impression of the level for your emotion. More specifically,
you will find your weakest areas. So, try to re-read the numbers that deal with those areas, and then use them
to begin improving those skills. If you want to know whether you are developing your communication skills
as you go along, try to have a re-examination and compare the latest result with your previous result.
GRADING KEY
41 and above You have an Excellent control of your emotion.
31-40 You have a Very Satisfactory control of your emotion.
21-30 You have a Satisfactory control of your emotion.
11-20 You have an Unsatisfactory control of your emotion.
RESULT:
Rating: __________________________
Verbal Interpretation: _______________________
EMOTION
The fast pace of the society posts a challenge for man to possess a strong character to go along with
the society’s pace. But there are people who exude strength of character through their emotion.
What is Emotion? In Latin, it is “emoverse” meaning “to stir up” or “to move.” While, according to Sferra,
Wright, and Rice (1971), it is “a strong feeling of some kind that impels a person to do something.” It is one
factor that motivates a person to move and it can be either desirable or undesirable and is said to either make
or break a person. How? Emotion is said to be so strong that people can do anything just to satisfy their
emotional needs.
MAJOR KINDS OF EMOTION
During the early study, emotions are classified into two-delight and distress. From these basic
emotions, present emotions evolved like fear, anxiety, worry, anger, and love.
1. Fear. This is a kind of emotion that arises when there is suddenness and unfamiliarity of situation where the
person involved has difficulty in making decision or action.
2. Anxiety. This is a kind of emotion where the person anticipates something that has not existed yet.
3. Worry. This is a kind of emotion that grows out of fear. It is a repetitive action that produces no adjustment
whatsoever, since it involves no plan of activity.
4. Anger. This is a kind of emotion that arises when the needs of a certain individual is thwarted.
5. Love. This is a kind of emotion that arises when a certain individual exudes affection or passion for something
or someone.
Source: https://www.theemotionmachine.com/accepting-emotional-complexity-why-we-often-experience-a-cocktail-of-different-
emotions-at-once/
EFFECTS OF EMOTION
Emotions has great influence on one’s psychological and physiological comfort. Since, it has been stated that
emotion can make or break a person, let us now enumerate
what the effects of emotion are:
1. Psychological Effect. Emotion is one of the
responsibilities of the brain. If there are strong
emotions that are not fully satisfied, something might
happen to one’s psychological processes, such as:
a. Positive Effects. Fear often helps us to protect
ourselves from danger. Worry often helps us to get to
other people. Anger and annoyance can sometimes
lead a person to improve on human relation skills and
study more. Love builds tolerance, self-sacrifice,
friendliness, and many other pleasant experiences enjoyed in social and business relationships.
b. Negative Effects. Fear often threatens a person to injure oneself. Anxiety gives difficulty in coping to a
certain situation. Worry often leads to difficulty in understanding facts, which usually produce emotional
tension. Anger produces aggressive actions and behavior. Love directs a person to vanity, self-
aggrandizement, selfishness, hate, and jealousy.
2. Physiological Effect. If emotions have effect on one’s psychological processes, it also has effects on
one’s biological functioning, such as:
a. Galvanic Skin Responses (GSR). This is defined as the electrical resistance or conductance to the flow of
a very weak electrical current from one point of the skin to another, which decreases with increase in arousal.
If a person has heightened emotions, sweat glands will produce more sweat.
b. Blood change in pressure, volume, and composition. People’s blood pressure will eventually increase if
they experience intense emotion.
c. Respiration or breathing cycle. One’s breathing will either increase or decrease depending on the emotion
he/she is currently experience.
d. Pupillary responses. Pupil of the eye constricts or dilates depending on the current emotion of the person.
e. Salivary gland secretion is impeded. If an individual has an intense emotion, dryness of the mouth will be
inevitable.
f. Muscles tension and tremor. This is the uncontrollable shaking or tightening of some parts of the body
when a person experience powerful emotion.
g. Pilomotor responses or Goose bumps. This happens when hairends tighten because of powerful emotions.
h. Gastrointestinal motility. This happens when there is presence of nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
i. Metabolic rate increase. This happens when a person gives out more sweat and feels thirst and hunger
every now and then.
j. Glandular activity increase. This is an increase activity in the glands of an individual.
PREVENTING EMOTIONAL OUTBRUST

It has been stated in the previous chapters that no two individuals are alike. Here, it is once again
stipulated. How? Some people are vulnerable to emotional outburst more frequently and more intensely than
other are. How does it happen? People have different capabilities to absorb experiences that bring emotional
upheaval. People who are prone to emotional outburst are weak while others are strong that emotions never
bother to get into their system.
The capacity to understand and control one’s emotions is of vital importance to human relations
because if a person does not have the capability to control emotions, it can seriously affect one’s conduct.
So, how will you prevent emotional outburst? Try this:

1. Accept responsibility and achieve work without prejudice.
2. Respect and love others as you respect and love yourself.
3. Be sensitive to the needs and rights of other people.
4. Be flexible and use time, money, and effort in a constructive way.
5. Have sense of humor and do not take everything seriously.
6. Follow directions and accept criticisms without being offended.
7. Admit that you are currently having an intense emotion.
8. Do not let others know that you are experiencing a powerful emotion.
9. Incorporate your emotions with your intellect and determination for you to learn and grow as
a person.
We rarely experience one singular emotion, but often a cocktail of

different emotions at the same time. Embracing the emotional
complexity of life is key to becoming more emotionally intelligent.
Accepting Emotional Complexity: Why We Often Experience a Cocktail of Different Emotions At Once by Steven Handel
Source: http://leadershiplearning.org/blog/deborah-meehan/2019-11-07/centering-equity-networks-tools-and-processes-
we-have-tried
SOCIAL ASPECT:
An Analysis
1. Determine what social aspect is;
2. Differentiate social from real self; and
3. Evaluate one’s strategy of building friendship and justify how to improve
it.
Activity 8
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following activity by marking the
appropriate number to determine your social relation strengths and
weaknesses. Then, let someone whom you consider as best friend
to answer the same activity for you to see if your answer and their
answer match.
Rating 1=Never 2=Rarely 3=Sometimes 4=Usually

5=Always
1. You speak your mind freely. 1 2 3 4 5
2. You don’t fight over something that

was already shared. 1 2 3 4 5
3. You put yourself in the shoes of others. 1 2 3 4 5
4. You don’t monopolize discussion. 1 2 3 4 5

5. You don’t let the discussion get away 1 2 3 4 5
from you.
6. You join in a friendly disagreement. 1 2 3 4 5
7. You ask something immediately if

something comes into your mind. 1 2 3 4 5
8. You act what you are saying. 1 2 3 4 5
9. You are sensitive to the needs of

others. 1 2 3 4 5
10. You listen when someone is talking. 1 2 3 4 5
Sum up your score and the score your best friend gave you. Then look at the provided grading key below for
the result. You will be able to find the general impression of your level in social relation. More specifically,
you will find your weakest areas. So, try to re-read the numbers that deal with those areas, and then use them
to begin improving those skills. If you want to know whether you are developing your social relation skill as
you go along, try to have a re-examination and compare the latest result with your previous result.
GRADING KEY
41 and above You have an Excellent social relation skill.

31-40 You have a Very Satisfactory social relation skill.
21-30 You have a Satisfactory social relation skill.
11-20 You have an Unsatisfactory social relation skill.
10 and below You have a Poor social relation skill.
RESULT:
Rating: ________________________________
Verbal Interpretation: _____________________________
What is Social Relation?
Social comes from the Latin word “socius” which means ally. An ally that is commonly known by
humans as society or associate undergoes a series of interaction to result in some form of bonding. But that
was before it was recognized and accepted by people as group of individuals having an interaction with one
another. To make the above mentioned definition clearer, social is composed of people undergoing an
interaction in relation to their environment. It is understood that social will only take place when there is a
continuous interaction between groups of individuals in a particular environment.
Relation comes from the Latin word “relatus” which means to bring into connection or relation.
Relation is to unite, join, or be in close contact with. The question here is who or what we are going to unite,
join, or be in close relation with? Since the very beginning, individuals have already been discussed as the
major topic; therefore, it is understood that the one we are going connect are the persons hanging around in
the same environment. To be clearer, relation is the connection or interaction of group of individuals in a
particular environment.
If you put the two words together, you will get the art of getting along well with other people whenever
they interest with each other on a given situation in a particular environment.
Building Harmonious Relationship with Others
Nowadays, problems are everywhere. Thus, individual’s capacity to decide correctly is often clouded by
his/her emotion that affects one’s capability to interact with others in a harmonious basis. It is not easy to have
a desirable human relation. In fact, a person who has this capability is a person that should be admired.
However, hard as it may seem, there are some suggestions on how one can change for the good.
These are:
1. Speak your mind freely. There are times that lead us to think and not say things for fear of rejection. But don’t
you know that people will love you more if you say what want to say? So, Say IT!
2. Don’t fight over something that was already shared. Once you have given something to the public, it becomes
a public property. Don’t argue stating that the said idea originated from you.
3. Listen empathically to others. Try to understand what others really mean for looking closely into their point
of view. Remember, people are set for their own opinion.
4. Don’t dominate the discussion. People like it if they also talk. It is fine to speak once in a while but make it a
point to state your mind within the first minute. Do not make it as if it is your speech.
5. Don’t let the discussion get away from you. There are instances that people get oblivious to the things under
discussion, so ask for them to elaborate on the issue at hand.
6. Join in a friendly disagreement. It is fine to state your mind immediately but be sure that you do this on a
gracious manner.
7. Strike while the iron is hot. There are times that questions pop into our mind. If that happens, say it
immediately or you lose it when you make up your mind to talk it over.
8. Try to act what you are saying. People love people who do what they promise and what they are expected of
them.
9. Be sensitive to the needs of others. Sometimes people are so stuck with their needs that they often overlook
the needs of the people around them.
10. Most especially, try to develop the rarest and hardest art of interaction-the art of LISTENING
Social Vs. Real Self
Everyone personality. Therefore, everyone wears a mask. According to the Greeks, personality comes
from the word “persona” meaning mask. A mask is anything that that you can wear for disguise. In this topic,
mask refers to ones “social self.” It is the self that others see and is projected by people to hide their “real
self”. Admit it or not but we all wear “masks” to hide our “true” personality when we deal with other people.
Why? Simply because people are afraid of rejection and to maintain the harmonious relationship that they
have already established, they project an image that isn’t completely them. However, the “social” and “real
self” should not really be two different selves.
Our self is like a diamond with many facets. And similar to diamond, our self changes with different
environments or situations. But even if we turn one facet of self to adjust to a situation, we should never lose
sight of the fact that these facets are only one part of the whole personality and are, therefore, a reflection of
the true SELF.
FRIENDSHIP
Coping with the present pace of the society is difficult if you face it alone. Adjusting is hard if you do
not have anybody to share it with-a person who will make everything easier for you. In fact, life becomes
more meaningful if you share every happening and sorrow with someone who shares the same ideals with
you. The person who walks in when other walk out is called a “FRIEND.”
Friend according to Victor M. Parachin (2001) is “the one that multiply our joy and divide our grief.
They are the ones who build us up when we are about to quit on something that we are not capable to achieve.
” A friend keeps human relation smoothly despite differences of opinions. Here are some ways to practice this
fine art of friendship:
1. Reach out. If you want to make friend, all you have to do is reach out. If you want to have friends, be a
friend. How? Few people have the capacity to act first and try to know other people. But if you are really
eager to know somebody, extend your hospitality.
2. Let friendship a priority. Friends are friends as long as you show them that you consider them as one.
Similar to romantic or business deals, you also have to make a schedule to keep in touch with them. You
can only do this when you always make it a point to find time to visit and get some new information about
them.
3. Let friends know that you care. Show friends that you always think of them whenever you can, and in
whatever you do, you whatever you do, you always make it a point that they are included in it. To further
this, Paramahansa Yogananda (2001) says, ”There is a magnet in your heart that will attract true friends.
That magnet is unselfishness, thinking of other first… when you learn to live for others, they will live for
you. ”
4. Limit criticisms. Criticism can make or break a person. However good your intentions may be in offering
one, it’s hard to have and maintain friends if you are overly critical. In fact, according to Ben Franklin
(2001), “Criticizing and censuring almost everyone you have to do with will diminish friends, increase
enemies, and thereby hurt you affairs.”
5. Evaluate before adding. It is hard to give time to others when you are overly loaded with things and
responsibilities. So if you want to add new friends, be sure you have more time, energy and spirit to extend
to them if you really want to become a part of your life.
6. Never gossip about a friend. The primary factor that could stop the existence of friendship is gossip. If a
certain individual is being talked about by someone he/she consider as friends, they feel betrayal. If betrayal
arises, whatever damage it cause will be hard to restore.
7. Practice loyalty. People love individuals who do not hurt other people, most especially, their friends.
Friendship represents the ties that bond a person from doing something that could harm the friendship that
they have established from the start.
8. Be real friend. “Whatever you do unto others, you do unto me,” God said. If you really love yourself, be a
person who shares that love to other people for whatever you do to them, they will do unto you.
SPIRITUAL
ASPECT:
An Analysis
After studying this chapter, one
should be able to:
1. Determine the concept behind
spiritual aspect;
2. Enumerate and explain the
greatest commandments;
3. Compare and contrast the
different types of love; and
4. Distinguish and apply how to
multiply happiness.
Activity 9
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following activity by marking the appropriate
number to determine your spiritual strengths and weaknesses. Then, let
someone whom you consider as best friend to answer the same activity for you
to see if your answers match.
1. I believe that there is someone

who made each one of us. 1 2 3 4 5
2. I believe that someone made us for a

purpose. 1 2 3 4 5
3. I believe that there is life after death. 1 2 3 4 5
4. I believe that there is heaven and hell. 1 2 3 4 5
5. I never sleep with anger in my heart. 1 2 3 4 5
6. I never judge others as I’m afraid to be

judged. 1 2 3 4 5
7. I pray before I start and end my day. 1 2 3 4 5
8. I believe that everything happens for a reason. 1 2 3 4 5
9. I believe that whenever I ask for something,

I’ll have it. 1 2 3 4 5
10. I believe that there’s someone who’s always

watching us. 1 2 3 4 5
Sum up your score and the score your best friend gave you. Then, look at the grading key below for the result.
You will be able to find the general impression of your level of spirituality. More specifically, you will learn
about your weakest area. So try to re-read the numbers that deal with those areas, and then use them to begin
improving those skills. If you want to know whether you are developing your spiritual level as you go along,
try to have a re-examination and compare the results with your previous result.
GRADING KEY
41 and above You have an Excellent level of spirituality.
31-40 You have a Very Satisfactory level of spiritually.
21-30 You have a Satisfactory level of spirituality.
11-20 You have an Unsatisfactory level of Spirituality.
10 and below You have a Poor level of Spirituality.
RESULT:
Rating: ________________________________
Verbal Interpretation: _____________________________
STANDARD FOR SOCIAL RELATIONS
You may find this book in personality development preachy but I must say I will continue sharing information
with you for the best book on earth, which is the Bible or Koran, is seldom read or touched nowadays.
We love to read pocketbooks, novels, love letters, text messages, electronic mails, friendster messages and
testimonials, and so on and so forth but the messages written in the Bible are rarely read. But don’t you know
that the best messages and information are written in this book? We love listening to people around us giving
advices, suggestions, and comments. But don’t you know that the wisdom that comes out of their mouth came
from the Bible? Yes! The Bible. A book that makes wonderful promises, gives hopes for tomorrow – hope
that is full of love, peace, and happiness.
THE GREATEST COMMANDMENTS.

People are afraid of getting into prison or being given a sanction that’s why they always follow rules. But
frankly speaking, the rules of man are just juiced out from the rule of God – The Two Greatest
Commandments. The numerous rules of man were in fact modifications of the two Golden Rules of God.
Maybe people think that the rule of man is easier than the rule of God. Let’s check how hard they are and tell
me your opinion:
1. THOU SHALL LOVE THE LORD THY GOD WITH ALL THY HEART, AND WITH ALL THY
SOUL, AND WITH ALL THY MIND.
a. THOU SHALL HAVE NO OTHER GODS BEFORE ME.
b. THOU SHALL NOT MAKE UNTO THEE ANY GRAVEN IMAGE, OR ANY LIKENESS OF
ANYTHING THAT IS IN HEAVEN ABOVE, OR THAT IS IN THE EARTH BENEATH, OR
THAT IS IN THE WATER UNDER THE EARTH.
c. THOU SHALL NOT TAKE THE NAME OF THE LORD THY GOD IN VAIN; FOR THE LORD
WILL NOT HOLD HIM GUILTLESS THAT TAKETH HIS NAME IN VAIN.
d. REMEMBER THE SABBATH DAY, TO KEEP IT HOLY.
2. THOU SHALL LOVE THY NEIGHBORS AS THYSELF.
a. HONOR THY FATHER AND THY MOTHER.
b. THOU SHALL NOT KILL.
c. THOU SHALL NOT COMMIT ADULTERY.
d. THOU SHALL NOT STEAL.
e. THOU SHALL NOT BEAR FALSE WITNESS AGAINST THY NEIGHBOR.
f. THOU SHALL NOT COVET THY NEIGHBOR’S HOUSE, THOU SHALL NOT COVET THY
NEIGHBOR’S WIFE, NOR HIS MANSERVANT, NOR HIS MAIDSERVANT, NOR HIS OX,
NOR HIS ASS, NOR ANY THING THAT IS THY NEIGHBOR’S.
LOVE AS PART OF SOCIAL RELATIONS.

Love is a powerful emotion that can be defined in several ways because it varies from one culture to another
and from one place to another. It is so strong an emotion that even philosophers try to investigate.
Since we are speaking of love’s definition, do you know what love is?
According to Wikipedia, “Love generally includes an emotion of intense attraction to either another person, a
place, or thing; and may also include the aspect of caring for or finding identification with those objects,
including self-love. Love can describe an intense feeling of affection, an emotion or an emotional state. In
ordinary use, it usually refers to interpersonal love, an experience usually felt by a person for another person.
Love’s definition is easy to read but hard to fathom. You may say you love a person if you want to see him or
her regularly but that is not the real meaning of love. You may say you love a thing if you don’t want it easily
broken or lost but then again, that is not the real meaning of love. You may say you love a place if you always
wanted to check it out, but it’s not love still. So, what is love?
Love goes deeper than that where even God gave so many definitions of it as stated on 1 Corinthians 13:4-10.
Now, people are so intelligent that they wanted to come up with a simpler perspective about love so they try
to present types of it with corresponding definitions. So, what could those different definitions be? Read on.
TYPES OF LOVE
As much as people want to have just one simple, clear and concise definition of love, there seems to be
different types and for clearer understanding.
Let us discover each type.
1. Courtly Love – this is a type of love that presents late medieval conventionalized code prescribing
certain conduct and emotions for ladies and their lovers.
2. Erotic Love – this is a type of love wherein the desire is characterized by sexual urges.
3. Familial Love – this is a type of love wherein the affection is broken through kinship connections,
intertwined with concepts of attachment and bonding.
4. Free Love – this is a type of love where sexual relations are present according to choice and
unrestricted by marriage.
5. Platonic Love – this is a type of love where there is a close relationship but the absence of sexual
desire.
6. Puppy Love – this is a type of love where the romantic affection that is present is not “mature” or not
“true”.
7. Religious Love – this is a type of love that reflects a devotion to one’s deity or theology.
8. Romantic Love – this is a type of love where the affection is characterized by a mix of emotional and
sexual desire.
9. True Love – this is a type of love without condition, motive or attachment.
10. Unrequited Love – this is a type of love wherein the affection and desire is not reciprocated or
returned.
MULTIPLY YOUR HAPPINESS.

Happiness is what a person feels when he/she gives or shares something to someone special, might it be family,
relative, friends or loved ones. Dyke says that “happiness is inward and not outward for happiness can be
greatly felt if you are giving than you are receiving”.
According to Wikipedia, “Happiness is a prolonged or lasting emotional or affective state that feels good or
pleasing. Overlapping states or experiences associated with happiness include well-being, joy, sexual pleasure,
delight, health, safety and love, while contrasting ones include suffering, sadness, grief, and pain. Associated
behaviors include smiling and laughter.”
People like it better if a certain individual is happy than a person who always pouts and sad. For them, people
who are always happy have positive vibes, which is contrary to persons who are always sad who have negative
vibes.
So, if you want to have positive vibes and draw people towards you, try these:
1. Appreciate people
2. Allocate time with people
3. Impart knowledge and ideas
4. Share friendship
5. Share kindness
6. Share experience
7. Share enthusiasm
Source: https://www.clipartmax.com/middle/m2H7G6H7H7b1b1K9_pardon-my-manners-good-reasons-why-you-should-
have-mind-your-manners/
MANNERS AND ETIQUETTE

1. Determine how to act properly in different places and in different situations;
2. Analyze how to apply it to oneself; and
3. Produce a plan that could make it happen.
Activity 10:
Directions: Answer the following activity by marking Yes or No to determine
your manners and etiquette. Then, let someone whom you consider as best
friend to answer the same activity for you to see if your answer matches theirs.
1. Do you not comb your hair in public? Yes No

2. Do you close your mouth to chew or eat quietly? Yes No
3. Do you remain quiet during shows? Yes No
4. Do you dress appropriately in all occasions? Yes No
5. Are you punctual on all your appointments? Yes No
6. Do you treat crews and other personnel with
consideration? Yes No
7. Do you wait for permission or an invitation to enter
a room after you knock at the door? Yes No
8. Do you not monopolize a conversation? Yes No
9. Do you not cut in ahead of others in cashier lines? Yes No
10. Do you relinquish your seat to older persons or
to women with small children when you are
riding a bus? Yes No
Sum up your score. Then, look at the provided grading key below for the result. You will be able to find the
general impression of your manners and etiquette. More specifically, you will find your weakest areas. So, try
to re-read the numbers that deal with those areas, and then use them to begin improving those skills. If you
want to know if you are developing your manners as you go along, try to have a re-examination and compare
the latest result with your previous result.
GRADING KEY
Mostly Yes’s: Civilized person. Continue what you have started and maintain whatever you think is right and discard what you
think is wrong.
Mostly No’s: Uncivilized person. Please if you have time to change your attitude, do it now for not all people will continue to
get along with you if you are like that. The only permanent in this world is change, so START CHANGING NOW.
RESULT: Rating: ________________________

Verbal Interpretation: ____________
“Good manners are always important in all contacts in life, but
they must spring from real kindliness of spirit, or they will not
ring true”. – Eleonor Roosevelt
MANNERS AND ETIQUETTE

Etiquette is a conventional rule of behavior. Manners, on the other hand, is based on kindness to and
consideration for others, which results from the heart of courteous behavior.
In the Family
1. Parents.
Never try to violate the privacy of your children by opening their mails, fixing and cleaning their
drawers, and put their desks in order. However messy the room looks to your eyes, you still have no
right to change it.
2. Children.
Never try to violate the privacy of your parents by rummaging through their personal belongings in
search of stockings, jewelry, neckties, cuff links, or other articles that you wish to “borrow”.
Remember: “No secrets will be kept forever”, so instead of getting yourself punished for “borrowing”,
ask permission from them first.
3. Family.
If you think that this part is exclusive to one member of the family, think again for this is dedicated to
all:
a. Each member of the family should have the opportunity to entertain their friends with a minimum
intervention from the rest of the family unless the occasion is a family affair.
b. Each member of the family has the privilege for a quiet talk with their friends and visitors, so
refrain yourself from shouting and interrupting their conversation.
c. Never use personal things that belong to other members of the family for your hygienic purposes.
d. Knock and wait for an answer before entering when the door is closed to show respect.
e. Always give information about your “whereabout” to avoid future problems.
f. Reply courteously and never fail to use the terms “excuse me”, “sorry”, and “please”.
In Public Places
1. Refrain from shouting or talking aloud.
2. Never expose your emotions and always exude an air of confidence and serenity.
3. Gentleman should always stay on the danger side of the road.
4. Never eat or bring food outside the dining area.
5. Always be courteous, hospitable, and polite in all your dealings.
6. Never fail to use the terms “excuse me”, “sorry”, and “please”.
In Dating
1. Both Parties.
If you set a date, be sure to observe punctuality, proper grooming and dressing, courtesy, and respect
date’s opinions. While eating, don’t talk if your mouth is full but keep conversation going just be sure
that the conversation is safe for both sides. While conversing, be sure that it is not loud as if you are
talking to the people around you and never try to play with your spoon, fork, and knife. Then again,
never fail to use the terms “excuse me”, “sorry”, and “please”.
2. Ladies.
Never try to commit yourself to a specific date if you can’t make it. Be on time, ready to be pampered,
and considerate of your date’s financial capability. Should there be any changes in the appointment;
you must call the man as soon as possible. But if there is no necessary information to be shared, there
is no need to call him.
3. Gentleman.
If you really wanted to date a girl who continuously refuses you, admit it that she does not really want
to go out with you. But if she accepts your proposition of a date, remember to:
a. Pick the girl at her house door and courteously greet whom she is going to introduce to you.
b. Be sensitive to all the needs of the girl you are going to date and let her feel that she is fully
pampered.
c. Always stay on the danger zone of the road when walking. Let the girl get on to the vehicle first,
and get out of the vehicle after you.
Table Manners
1. Before Meal.
Be courteous enough to appear properly groomed at the table soon after the announcement is made.
Wait for the Hosts to be seated and start the meal before you sit quietly. Place your things (bag, keys,
cellular phone, and other personal items) behind you, in between your back and chair, and start eating.
Be sure to place the napkin on your lap. Large napkins are partly unfolded, while, small napkins are
completely unfolded.
2. During Meal.
Be sensitive and considerate enough to the needs of the people around you by eating quietly. If
conversation starts, make it a point not to talk with your mouth full. The topic to be raised should be
all pleasant. In addition, always start eating your meal from the outside, and if you are in doubt, try
watching your hosts for you to have an idea how to do this.
It is inevitable that there would be lots of table utensils, so once you get hold those, be sure not to play
with them. How? By placing your knife across the top of the plate, cutting edge towards you and, the
fork may be put down with the handle resting on the side of the plate.
Not all foods are served without a soup. So, if you encounter soup – hot soup, avoid blowing it loud.
Wait until the soup cools down before you spoon it from inside out then sip it quietly. Avoid gulping
it.
3. After Meal.
After you finish your meal, place both spoon and fork side – by – side in the middle of your plate in a
slanted position. Pick up the napkin by the center and place it loosely to the left side of your plate.
Remember: Loose napkin means unfolded. Courtesy prescribes that no one leaves the table until
everyone has finished and if you should stand, be sure to stand quietly.
During Introductions
A simple procedure appropriate in almost all occasion is to say first the name of the person whom you wish
to honor and then present the other to the honored person.
1. Men are always presented to women unless the men you are going to present are a President or Church
Officials.
2. Young people are always presented to older people.
3. Introducing people of the same age range depends on the situation and your decision as to which person
you wish to honor.
Note: shaking of hands is inevitable for men and boys. For girls, they may or may not shake hands. But if
someone offers to shake the hand of a girl as a sign of courtesy, she must shake hands with them.
TELEPHONE MANNERS
1. Placing Calls. This is a process where the person concerned is the one making the call. In doing so, be
sure to dial the correct number, then, give your name and other pertinent information if asked.
2. Answer Properly. This is a process where the person involve picks up the receiver on its second ring.
To do so, be sure to speak slowly and clearly on the receiver placed an inch away from your lips.
3. Identify yourself. This is a process where the person who calls or answers the phone gives her
identification.
4. Taking calls for other people. When it is essential to take calls or messages for other people, use your
utmost tact in determining the identity of the caller.
5. Leave the line courteously. When looking for something requested by the caller, be sure to request the
caller’s permission before acting on the request. Then, when you return to the line and find what you
are looking for, be sure to thank the caller for waiting. But, if too much time is required to get the
information needed, explain and offer to call back.
6. Terminating calls. Express appreciation or regret depending on the type of call. Say “Good bye” but
wait for the caller to hang up then replace the receiver gently.
In addition to these etiquettes, be sure not to call people after ten at night unless they are the ones who ask you
to call them. And if you know that they stay up late, avoid calling them before eleven in the morning unless,
again they are the ones who ask you to call. In all cases, never call at mealtime. However, if you are the one
being phoned at, during mealtime, answer it courteously. Never try to monopolize the communication. So
make it a point that conversations are short, clear and concise.
Source: https://www.peoplemattersglobal.com/article/assessments/assessing-the-assessor-evaluating-personality-
assessment-tools-18480
EVALUATING PERSONALITY
1. Distinguish the different types of evaluation techniques;
2. Compare and contrast the different evaluation techniques;
3. Analyze the job that you really want; and
4. Evaluate the factors that could get you hired.
Activity 11.1
Directions: Rate yourself with the following by checking the appropriate answer. Then, ask your
closest friend to rate you with the same questionnaire and compare answers for you to identify which
category are your strengths and weaknesses.
CATEGORY EXCELLENT GOOD AVERAGE FAIR POOR
DRESSING
GROOMING
HEALTH
POISE
POSTURE
MANNERISMS
EXPRESSIONS
QUALITY OF LAUGHTER
INTELLECTUAL ALERTNESS
EXPRESSION OF IDEAS
CONVERSATION
LEADERSHIP
STUDY HABITS
READING SKILLS
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
ENUNCIATION
INTERESTS
SENSE OF HUMOR
FRIENDLINESS
CHEERFULNESS
MANNERS
SINCERITY
LOYALTY
COOPERATION
INTEGRITY
UNSELFISHNESS
TACT
PUNCTUALITY
SELF-CONTROL
DECISIVENESS
REALISTIC ATTITUDE
MATURITY
DEPENDABILITY
ABILITY TO ACCEPT
TOTAL:
Sump up your score. Then, look at the provided grading key below for the result. You will be able to
find the general impression of your personality. More specifically, you will find your weakest areas.
So, try to re-read the numbers that deal with those areas, and then use them to begin improving those
skills. If you want to know whether you are developing your manner as you go along, try to have a
re-examination and compare the latest result with your previous result.
GRADING KEY
Mostly Excellent: You have an excellent personality. Continue with what you’re doing. Congratulations!
Mostly Good: you have a very satisfactory personality. Continue with what you’re doing but if it is possible
to make it better then do it A.S.A.P. Good Luck!
Mostly Average: you have a satisfactory personality. It’s nice to be as what you are now but it’ll be nicer if
you start working for the betterment of your personality now. God Speed!
Mostly Fair: you have unsatisfactory personality. So, you just became one step below mediocrity. But still,
it’s your personality, so you better act now in changing what you have at present. Kudos!
Mostly Poor: you have a poor personality. I hate to say this but people doesn’t like you right now so I suggest
change – change now!
RESULT: ___________________
RATING: __________________
VERBAL INTERPRETATION: ____________________
“I have learned from experience that the greater part of our

happiness or misery depends on our disposition and not on our
circumstances.” – Martha Washington
EVALUATING PERSONALITY
TYPES OF EVALUATION TECHNIQUES

1. OBSERVATION. This is the most basic and most common form of evaluating personality where the
only tool a person uses is his sense to obtain information.
Types of Observation
a. Participatory Observation. This is a type of observation wherein the person who evaluates the
personality of another person participates in all of his/her activities.
b. Non-participatory Observation. This is a type of observation where the person who evaluates
the personality of another person tries to observe him/her from a distance.
2. INTERVIEW. This is one distinct type of evaluating personality wherein the person who is going to
measure one’s personality uses cross-examination to obtain information.
Types of Interview
a. Structured Interview. This is a type of interview where the interviewer follows a certain format
and questions to make sure that all the needed details are covered.
b. Unstructured Interview. This is a type of interview where the interviewer does not follow a
certain format and can ask the person under examination anything under the sun.
3. TEST. This is the most distinct type of assessing personality since it has a standard set of questions
printed, evaluated, and proven reliable and valid by experts on a given field.
Types of Test
1. Objective Test. This is a type of test that is commonly known as paper – and – pencil test, which
follows a definite scoring key.
a. Intelligence Test. This is a type of test that measures one’s intellectual abilities.
b. Personality Test. This is a type of objective test that measure one’s personality traits.
2. Subjective Test. This is a type of test that does not have a definite answer, and scoring depends
on the expertise of a certain individual.
a. Teacher-Made Test. This is a type of subjective test that is done primarily by teachers in
relation to their subject.
b. Projective Test. This is a type of test composed by experts where the primordial objective
is for the individual to cast or to give an idea about their personality through their responses
in a more or less unstructured test.
LANDING A JOB YOU WANT

Factors in Job Hunting
1. Interest. This is the primary factor that an individual should assess before jumping into finding a job.
2. Location. The place of the job you are about to take is another factor that might contribute to one’s
happiness and the job itself.
3. Schedule. If you really wanted to land a job you must dedicate a whole day of searching.
Answering an Advertisement
1. It is obvious that after an advertisement appears, the employer will be getting a lot of responses. So, if
you want to be entertained and not be overlooked by the employer avoid the rush.
2. The most targeted jobs are the jobs posted by large and popular firms. But remember, these firms are
in no hurry to fill their vacancy so they try to scan every detail sent to them.
Preparing a Cover Letter
Components of a Cover Letter
1. Summary
2. Achievements
3. Abilities
How to compose a Cover Letter
1. As much as possible, know the person in – charge of recruitment and address your letter directly
to that person.
2. Make the beginning of your letter an eye – catching one and always refer to your resume for facts.
3. State the contributions the company can have if they hire you but be sure to use simple, clear, and
concise language and correct grammar.
4. Finally, makes sure to suggest that you call for a schedule or for an interview.
Preparing your Resume
Organizing a Better Resume
The simplest and safest way of doing the resume is by using the one – page type of resume. The information
should be typewritten neatly, correctly, and efficiently. No erasures and misspelled words should be present
for that would be unacceptable and might cost you a good chance of not getting the job you want.
Components of Resume
1. Personal Information
2. Educational Background
3. Work Experience
4. Seminars, Conferences, and Workshops
5. References
Preparing for an Interview
1. Physical Attributes
2. Intellectual Attributes
The ABCs of Interviewing

1. A stands for Attitude
a. Never say anything bad about a current or former employer, co – worker, or company.
b. Cultivate the ability to accept criticisms gracefully.
c. See any job that you hold as part of a larger picture.
d. Maintain a positive attitude.
2. B stands for Behavior

a. Take care of your health
b. Bring extra Resume and supporting documents
c. Be polite and courteous
d. Be responsible for your answer
3. C stands for Compatibility
Activity 11.2
Job Interview Questions
Instruction: Answer the following questions using your own words and expressing your
own outlook.
1. Tell Me Something About Yourself
2. Why Do You Want This Job?
3. Why Should We Hire You?
4. What is Your Greatest Strength?
5. What is Your Greatest Weakness?
6. Describe a Difficult Work Situation
or Project and How You Handled It.
How Do You Handle Stress and Pressure?
7. Where do you see yourself in five years?
What Are Your Goals for The Future?
8. Tell me about the toughest decision you had to make in the last six months.
9. What is your leadership style?
10. Tell me about a time you disagreed with a decision. What did you do?

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Course Code: GE ELECT 3

Course Title: Social Graces

Directions: Write the answer to the following statements as honestly as

1. My primary reason for attending this school is:

3. I would like to change the above-mentioned traits because:

6. I consider the following as my assets (or strength):

7. The reading materials I usually prefer are:

8. My favorite past times are:

10. I know it will be hard to change but I am willing to give my:

Points for interpretation:

make you more confident.

What is personality development in simple words?

What is a good personality?

Development an act of enhancing the different aspects of personality, namely:

How can I improve my personality development?

What are the 8 stages of personality development?

trust vs. mistrust,

What is the process of personality development?

Relationship between Personality Development and Human Relations

Objectives of Personality Enhancement

Agents in Developing Personality

How to improve self-confidence

Directions: Write the answer to the following statements as honestly as

2. I consider this/these as my asset/s because:

3. I consider my intellect as:

4. I consider my intellect that way because:

5. My pleasing character/s involve/s:

6. I consider this/these character/s as pleasing because:

7. My emotional strength/s is/are:

8. These are considered strengths because:

9. I show my spiritual faith through:

10. I consider this as my way of showing my spiritual faith because:

Points for interpretation:

- Numbers 1 and 2 tackle your idea about your physical appearance.

- Numbers 3 and 4 discuss your opinion of your intelligence.

- Numbers 5 and 6 present your belief on your character.

- Number 7 and 8 explain your emotions.

What makes an individual differ from each other?

Intellectual Aspect focuses on one’s mental capacity or Intelligence Quotient (IQ).

Temperamental Aspect or the emotional aspect, explains one’s sentiments or feelings

Directions: Write the answer to the following statements as honestly as

3. I learned my ABC’s at the age of ___ with the help of:

4. I first went to school at the age of ___ and I learned:

5. I learned what is right and wrong during:

6. I believe that the following are considered ethical:

7. I first learned to trust people when:

8. I believe that intimacy is:

9. I believe that there is a Divine Being because:

Points for interpretation:

- Numbers 1 and 2 tackle ideas on whom your attributes came from.

- Numbers 3 and 4 discuss your opinion on how your intelligence is developed.

- Number 7 and 8 explain on how you developed your emotions.

THEORIES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT TYPES

Quantitative Development – stage of chronological development of

Qualitative Development – weight of maturity of person when it

QUANTITATIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Physiological Stages of Development

STAGES AGE PERSONALITY