Requirements of Fabric Spreading

Specifications:
 Standard roll diameter: 50 cm

 Standard roll weight: 160 kg
 Standard spreading height: 25 cm
 Standard spreading width: 160/180/200/220/240 cm
 Gross Weight of the machine: 350 kg
 Spreading speed: 105 meter/minute
 Power Consumption: 220-240-v ac 50 hz 3,5 kw
Requirements of Fabric Spreading

Alignment of Fabric Plies
Every ply should comprise at least width of the marker plan, but should have the
minimum possible extra outside those measurements. The natures of textile materials
vary in width. The marker plan is made of fit the narrowest width. In accuracy in this
alignment could mean that plies do not cover the whole area of the marker plan and
parts of some pattern pieces would be missing when cut?
Correct Ply Tension

The ply tension should be correct. If the tension is low then there will be ridges in the
plies and if the tension is too high then the fabric may shrink after cutting and sewing.
The use of spreading machine gives uniform tension.
Fabric Must Be Flat

The fabric laid on the table should be flat otherwise there will be ridges in it.
Spreading machines are designed to work with fabrics of differing

weight and quality and are categorised according to the maximum
weight of the spread fabric roll:
•
rolls up to 60 kg: spreading machines for light fabrics (roll
diameter 300–500 mm);
•
rolls 100–200 kg: spreading machines for medium heavy fabrics
(roll diameter 500–700 mm);
•
rolls of more then 200 kg: spreading machines for heavy fabrics
(roll diameter more than 700 mm).
The properties of fabrics must be taken into account and special
spreading machines are available for napped and pile fabrics
(machines with a turntable), technical materials and denim
fabrics (for long and high lays, large and heavy rolls), highly
elastic fabrics (for production of lingerie) and tubular fabrics.
Spreading machines are also categorised by the maximum
height of a fabric lay (up to 30 cm), the working width (up to
350 cm) and spreading speed (up to 120 m/min).
Spreader truck turret

A fabric roll is placed on the turret of the spreader truck. The turret ensures transverse
transportation of the roll during the spreading process (see Fig. 6.3). It can move up to 15 cm
laterally to adjust the fabric roll in order to achieve a perfect alignment of the fabric edge on the
table. This movement is controlled by a double sensor which reads the position of the fabric
during the spreading process and moves the whole turret as required (see Fig 6.3). The body of
the truck also carries several special spreading machine devices: a cutter (to cut the laid fabric
ply), a zig-zag spreading device (to spread the ‘face to face in both directions’ mode), a tubular
fabric spreading device (to spread tubular fabrics in the zig-zag mode), and a fabric tearing
device (for tearing light fabrics).
To perform the ‘face to face in one direction’ and ‘face to face in both
directions’ spreading modes (for napped and piled fabrics)
(see Chapter 4, Sections 4.3.4 and 4.3.5), the turret of the spreader
truck must have a turntable. Automatic machines turn, rewind, thread
and position the roll of fabric automatically after the spreading, each
fabric ply. In semi-automated spreading machines, the rewinding and
threading process is done by a semi-automatic process, controlled by
a special button. Turning the roll may also be done manually
(see Fig. 6.4). This process is 50% less efficient than that of an
automatic machine. However, it is more efficient than the completely
manual process and may be performed by a single operator.
6.3.2 Fabric feed system

Loading, unloading, threading and rewinding of fabrics are controlled
by a fabric feed system which rolls material from a fabric setting bar or
a special cradle (see Fig. 6.3) and moves it to the spreading table.
Cradle type feed systems with a tilting electric cradle are more
effective and are particularly useful for materials which are hard to
unwind or have a tendency to stretch or to come off the roll in an
uneven manner. The cradle feed system is synchronised to the speed
of the spreader and can ensure automatic or manual fabric tension
control to provide tension free spreading.
The end section of the fabric on the body of the truck and the attached
cutting device are lifted after each automatically laid ply. These are
driven by the sensor of a lifting device to avoid contact between
preceding spreads and newly laid plies. During the spreading process,
the fabric feed system automatically adjusts the feeding speed of the
material and measures its length. Special roll loaders may be used to
move fabric rolls from the floor or table top to the cradle of the
spreading machine (see Fig. 6.5). The roll loaders can secure both the
loading and unloading operations.

Requirements of Fabric Spreading

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Requirements of Fabric Spreading

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Specifications:

 Standard roll diameter: 50 cm

Requirements of Fabric Spreading

Correct Ply Tension

Fabric Must Be Flat

Spreading machines are designed to work with fabrics of differing

Spreader truck turret

6.3.2 Fabric feed system

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