1

FOR ZAMBOANGA CITY DIVISION USE ONLY

NOT FOR SALE

11
READING AND WRITING
QUARTER 4
WEEK 1

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS
 1

CapSLET
Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

Reading
SUBJECT & and
QUARTER 4 WEEK 1 DAY ___________________________________
GRADE/LEVEL Writing dd/mm/yyyy

11
TOPIC DETERMINING TEXTUAL EVIDENCE
Determines textual evidence to validate assertions
and counterclaims made in a text read list.
Code: Objectives:
LEARNING
 Define textual evidence.
COMPETENCY (EN11/12RWS-IVac-10)
 Differentiate assertions and counterclaims.
 Give textual evidence from the text to prove
assertions and counterclaims
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on your paper.

UNDERSTAND
Title: DETERMINING TEXTUAL EVIDENCE

Hello learners, Once again, welcome to the subject of Reading and writing. Are you having
trouble finding answers in citing evidence in your reading? This Lesson will help you Determine textual
evidence to validate assertions and counterclaims made in a text read list.

You know What?

As readers, writers and thinkers, it is natural for Learners to develop ideas, ask questions, and
make claims regarding what they are reading. Citing evidence requires Learnersto think more deeply
about the text, analyse the author, source etc. Learners also need to practise findings strong evidence to
support their ideas. Good evidence doesn’t require a lot of explanation to fit a claim.
WHAT IS TEXTUAL EVIDENCE?
 Evidence that gathered from the original source or other texts, that supports an argument.
Textual evidence is stated in two forms: Explicit and inferred.
 Explicit textual evidence - Direct from the text support for your answer, opinion, or idea.
 Inferred textual evidence - Idea of the Author wants the reader to understand text or paragraph
that has supporting details.
Determining Textual Evidence - To better evaluate the author’s argument, you need to determine the
evidence from the text. This will allow you to validate the assertions of the author and your own
counterclaims as a response to reading.

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS

 2

Evidence - is anything that you see, experience, read, or are told that causes you to believe that
something is true or has really happened.
What are the characteristic of good evidence?
 Unified
 Relevant to the central point
 Specific and concrete
 Accurate
 Representative or typical.
In giving textual evidence, you need to prove your claims whether you agree with it (assertions)
or otherwise (counterclaims).

What is claim?
 Something which someone says which they cannot prove and which may be false.

Assertions are…
 It is a sentence that is either true or false. Often, it is without a proof or any support. Its
purpose is to express ideas or feelings directly.
Counterclaims are…
 Claims made to rebut a previous claim.

READ ME!

Directions: Read and understand the conversation below about which facial protective item is
better to help reduce the spread of COVID-19. Identify who among the two has the better
argument.

YHANG: The COVID‑19 pandemic, also BAM: In my opinion a mask can

known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an on- fully cover your nose and mouth and
going global pandemic of coronavirus disease fits securely on your face I believe it
2019 (COVID‑19), caused by severe acute adds more protection than a shield,
respiratory syndrome. Wearing face mask which has open spaces underneath
and face shield can help reduce the spread of the chin and around the ears.
COVID- 19. According to Centre for Disease Practically speaking it would be
Control and Prevention. If someone expensive if we will be required to
combines their mask with a face shield, it can use the both.
provide added protection. The DOH
recommends wearing of face mask and face
shield. There has been extensive research on
stopping the spread of the virus with this
protective facial item.

As you can observe, Bam highly agreed to use face mask while Yhang is in favour to use both face
mask and face shield. What do you think is the difference between the two statements? Excellent! These
are what we call assertions and counterclaims. Which one has a better argument? You’re right! The one
that has a proof. If you look back into the statement for evidence, Yhang cited a strong evidence to
support her ideas.

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS

 3

SAQ-1: How are you going to validate your claim?

SAQ-2: Why do we need to look for evidences from the text?

Let’s Practice!
(Write your answers on your paper.)

Activity #1: Provide evidences from the given news article

Directions: Choose the right evidence form the box appropriate and sufficient to convince that your
claim is correct. Write only the letter of your answer.
Teen pregnancies spawn endless poverty – PopCom
By: Ralph Edwin Villanueva (Philstar.com)

Teenage pregnancy creates an “unending” cycle of poverty in the country, the commission
on population (PopCom) said as it called a new on President Duterte to issue an executive order
declaring it a national and social emergency. Lydio español Jr., PopCom director for National
Capital Region, told The Star in an interview in Pasig City yesterday that early pregnancies might
shackle families to poverty. “Teenage pregnancy has become an intergenerational poverty issue
because our adolescents are supposed to be the future of our country but because of the problem,
about 10 percent are getting pregnant,’ he said, pointing out that this creates a scenario where
Filipinos are not able to rise from poverty. He revealed that about 200,000 adolescents are getting
pregnant every year – a number too big to ignore. ‘it’s a huge part of our population and we could
not do away with poverty unless we address this problem,” Citing a study made by the University
of the Philippines, Español said P34 billion is lost from the Philippine economy every year due
to teen pregnancies.
He again asked Duterte to declare teenage pregnancy a national and social emergency,
believing that this would help the government address the issue better.

A. A number too big to ignore

B. Our adolescents are supposed to be the future of our country but because of the problem
10 percent are getting pregnant.
C. 2000,000 adolescents are getting pregnant every year.
D. Declare teenage pregnancy a national and social emergency
E. P34 billion is lost from the Philippine economy every year due to teen Pregnancies
F. Would help the government address the issue better.
G. Commission on population said as it called a new on president Duterte to issue an executive
order declaring it a national and social emergency.

________ 1. Early pregnancies might shackle families to poverty.

________ 2. Teenage pregnancy creates an “unending” cycle of poverty in the country.
________ 3. Teenage pregnancy is a number too big to ignore
________ 4. Filipinos are not able to rise from poverty.
________ 5. Pregnancy a national and social emergency

Activity #2: Compare and contrast

Directions: Give the similarities and differences of assertion and counterclaim by the use of Venn
diagram.

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS

 4

Assertion Counterclaim

REMEMBER
Key Points

Importance of determining textual Evidence :

 It is an important skill especially in a society where it is increasingly more important for
students to be critical of what they read.
 It encourages students to use higher level thinking skills.
In citing textual evidence:
 It requires students to look back into the text for evidence to support an idea, answer a
question or make a claim. It also requires students to think more deeply about the text,
analyze the author, source etc.
 In giving textual evidence, you need to prove your claims whether you agree with it
(assertions) or otherwise (counterclaims).
The difference between assertions and counterclaims :
An assertion is a declarative sentence that claims something is true about something else. Simply
put, it is a sentence that is either true or false while a counterclaim is made to rebut a previous claim.

TRY
Let us see how much you have learned today!
Directions: Read the following sentences/situations or scenario. Choose the letter of the best answer
for each question or scenario. Shade the letter of your answer.
(Write your answers on your paper.)
A B C D
1. Which of the following is perspective to the main argument.
considered the basis of argument and analysis in the c. Assertion does the citing of textual evidence
composition of a critical analysis paper? Assertions of the author and your own
a. Textual Evidence counterclaims as a response to reading.
b. Counter claims which requires students to look back into the
c. Assertion text for evidence to support an idea while
d. Claim counterclaims does not do the citing of textual
A B C D evidence which requires students to look back
2. What is the difference between into the text for evidence to support an idea.
assertion and counterclaim? d. They both have different facts that combine
a. Counterclaim has a sentence that is either true or to give rise to a legally enforceable right or
false while Assertion provides a contrasting judicial action.
perspective to the main argument.

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS

 5

b. Assertion has a sentence that is either true or false.

While, Counterclaim provides a contrasting c. He kissed another guy’s girlfriend
d. He was crying
A B C D A B C D
3. Why should you need to 8. Plants grow better in sunlight
determine the evidence from the text? a. Measured plant height after 5 days
a. This demands for relief. b. Flower blooms
b. This provides a contrasting perspective to the main c. Plants have more leaves
argument. d. Plants are being watered everyday
c. This purpose is to express ideas or feelings A B C D
directly, for instance 9. You will produce enough
d. This will allow you to validate the water from crying in your life time to fill up
assertions of the author and your own counterclaims two swimming pools.
as a response to reading. a. Claim
A B C D b. Assertions
4. Which piece of evidence could be c. Evidence
used to best support this claim? d. Counterclaims
High school students should be required to wear A B C D
uniforms. 10. Cats make better pets than
a. When adding everything up, a school uniform could Dogs.
end up costing more than 1000 pesos. a. Claim
b. A student reported, "Allowing us to wear our own b. Assertions
clothes gives us a chance to show our unique style and c. Evidence
independence." d. Counterclaims
c. At one school that recently required students to
wear uniforms, attendance rates went up, and
behaviour incidents went down.
d. School uniforms can be ordered online.

A B C D
5. It was the sea eagle that called
Emily down to the beach. It hovered above the waves,
its broad wings dusty where the land had left its mark,
its small eyes that could follow the horizon bright and
keen.
She hadn't meant to come down onto the beach. She'd
meant to sit at the top of the ramp till the other kids
had left the street, till she could walk home from
school in peace without strangers staring at her, but
somehow the bird seemed to urge her to come down.

Which textual evidence best describes Emily's

thoughts and feelings?

a. Its broad wings dusty..."

b. Sea eagle that called Emily..."
c. The bird seemed to urge her to come down. .
d. Till she could walk home from school in peace..."
A B C D
6. Christy’s father is an Alien
a. Has a weird name
b. Looks funny
c. Has a spaceship
d. Speaks a weird language
A B C D
7. The boy was punched in the face at
the school
a. Black eye
b. Another guy yelled and walked up to him

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS

 6

Books

Filomena T. Dayagbil, Ed.D., Ethel L. Abao, Ed.D. and Remedios C. Bacus,

Ed.D. Critical Reading and writing for the Senior High School. Lorimar
Publishing Inc., Quezon City, Philippines, 2016, 9-15.

For further reading, please follow these links:

REFERENCE/S
“Determining Textual Evidence “ ELCOMBLUS
https://elcomblus.com/determining-textual-evidence

“Stop the return of the death penalty in the Philippines” AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
https://www.amnesty.org/en/get-involved/take-action/stop...

This learning resource contains copyrighted materials. The use of which has
not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this
learning resource in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy learning
resources available for the learners about the learning continuity plan of this
division at this time of the pandemic.
DISCLAIMER
Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in this
learning resource. This material is not intended for uploading nor for
commercial use, but purely for educational purposes and for the utilization of
Zamboanga City Division only. No malicious infringement is meant by the
writer.

Written by CHERUBIM GATH M. LOZADA (T-I1) Talisayan NHS