Drhoepr Oduct I Ons0772155794
Drhoepr Oduct I Ons0772155794
Drhoepr Oduct I Ons0772155794
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ions0772155794
INTRODUCTORYI NFORMATI ON
Thismar kinggui dewasdr aftedwi tht hehopet hati twoul dbeusef ul tocandi dat espr epar ing
forthei rordi nar yl evel exami nat ions.Thequest ionsar eact ual quest ionst hatwer easkedon
speci fi
edy ear sandsessi onsandexpect edresponseswi llgui decandi datesonhowt oanswer
them.Somear esi mi lart osomeseemi ngl ydif ferentquest ions.Thi swasdel i
ber atel ydonef or
thecandi dat est or eal i
set hatdi f f
er entwor di
ngofquest ionsi ssomet i
mesusedt oconf use
unsuspect ingcandi dates. Candi dat esar et heref or emadeawar et hatatt i
mesexami ner suse
diff
er entwor dswi tht hesamemeani ng.
Quest ionsar edi videdi nt oTHREE[ 3]cat egoriessot hatcandi dat esgetusedt oquest ioni ng
techni quesandknowwhati sexpect edoft hem i neachcat egor y.Candi dat esneedt or ealiset he
commonl yusedt ermssoasnott omi sf ireint heexams.
Letusbr ieflyl ookatwor dscommonl yusedpercat egor yandanexpl anat ionwoul dbedoneas
towhati sexpect edf rom t hecandi dat es.Thecommonl yusedt ermsi ncat egor y1ar e:
List,Ident i
fy ,stat eandname.
Candi datesneednotwr iteessay sonsuchquest i
onsbutmustdi rect lyanswert hem andar e
bestadv isedt onumbert hei rresponses.Thesequest ionsr equi rest raightf orwar d
responses/ answer swi thoutel abor at i
on.Responsest ot hesequest ionsmustbeshor t
sentences.
InCat egor y2, thecommonl yusedt ermsar e:
Descr ibe...
......
..
....
....
....
Out l
ine...
...
......
..
.....
...
..
Showhow. ...
...
....
....
...
...
Candi datesar er equi redt oshowt hei rf ullunder standi ngofwhati sdemandedbyt hequest ion.
Theyneedt of ullyexpl ainpoi nt st ogetmaxi mum poi nts.Candi dat esar er equi redt oexpl ai nthe
12poi ntsaspermar kal locat ion.Mer ei dentifi
cat i
onwi thoutel abor at i
onmi ghtr esul tin
candi datesunnecessar i
lyl osi ngv aluabl emar ks.Wr itingi npoi ntf or m wi l
lresul tincandi dat es
gettinghal fmar ks.Candi dat esshoul dal sonot et hatatt i
mest hesequest i
onsmaybedi vided
i
nt oTWOPARTS.I nt hisscenar iocandi dat esar et oexpl ainsi xpoi ntsf ort hef i
rstpar tand
anot hersi xpoi ntsf orsecondpar t.
CATEGORY3. quest i
onsatt hi sl evel ar eanal y ti
cal /anal y sis.Commonl yusedt erms/ Phr asesar e:
Towhat .
...
.....
...
....
...
....
Howf ar .
...
....
...
...
.....
...
...
Ther ear eTHREEl ev elst oanswer ingt hiscat egor yquest ionsandcandi dat esar eexpect edt o
reacht othehi ghestl evel iftheyar et ogethi ghermar ks.
LEVEL1- ------
One- sidedanal y sis[ mar kr ange1- 3] .Nomat terhowmanypoi ntsacandi dat e
explains, themar kr angedoesnotchangei fall thegi v enpoi ntsar eone- si
ded.Eg3+0=3, 8+0. =3
6+0=3.
LEVEL2- -----Balancedanal ysis[mar kr ange4- 6].lev el 2answershowst hatt hecandi datehas
under stoodt heweaknessoft hequest ionandhast huspr esent edabal ancedr esponse. Eg
1+1=4, 2+1=4, 4+3=6, 5+4=6
LEVEL3- -----Balancedanal ysispl usj udgement[ mar kr ange7- 8] .Thi si sthehi ghestl ev el.The
j
udgementsent encei st husamusti facandi dat eist ogethi ghestmar ks.Thi sj udgement
statementcanonl ybev alidwheni tisaddedt oabal ancedanal ysis.Theent r
ypoi ntt o8mar ks
shoul dbe4poi nt s[ balanced]pl usj udgement .Candi dat esar eencour agedt ogi v easmany
pointsaspossi bl e.Eg2+1=7and2+2=8
Quest ionswi tht heirr esponsesar egr oupedaccor dingt ot opicsandt hiswi l
lgiv ecandi dat esan
oppor tunityt oconcent rat eonapar ti
cul artopi catanygi v ent imet husgi vinghi m/ herat hor ough
pract i
cepert opi c.
WORLDWARONE1914- 18
[Nov 2006]
1.[a].Nameanyf i
v ecount ri
est hatf oughtagai nstt urkeyi nt hef irstBal kanwarof1912[ 5].
1
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
2
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
-Count riesl i
keI ndianowbegant obui ldi ndust riesoft hei rowni nst eadofi mpor ti
ngEur opean
goods.–Amer i
cabecamet hegr eat estcr edi tornat ion.
-Eur opebecamer elat i
velypoorascount rieshadt opaywardebt s,repar ations.
-Inflat i
on, unempl oyment ,closur eofi ndust ri
es, dest ructionoft hei nf rast ructure,land.
-War timet echni cal adv anceswer et urnedt ogoodci vili
anusee. gt opr oduceweapons, unifor
ms,
vehi cl esandmachi neryofal lkindsi nv astamount sunt ilthenbyhand, wer enowdonemuch
mor equi cklyandcheapl ybymachi ner y.
Soci al ef fects.
-Radi os, Aeropl anesandmot or car swer edev elopedr api dlyt omeett hedemandsofci vili
ans, ai
r
transpor t, broadcast inget c.
-Spr eadi ngofcommuni cat ionsbr oughtnat ionsmuchcl osert oget herf orgoodorf orbad.
-Er osionofcl assandsexbar rier s,menofal lclasseshadshar edt hesamehar dshipsint he
trenchesandhadbeenf orcedi nt ocont act .
-fundament al changeofat ti
t udese. gawor kerwasasgoodashi smast er.
-Ef fect sofor dinar ywomenwor kingonf ar ms, indust ryandcommer ce, ar medf or
ces, medi cal
ser v i
cesandi nt r
anspor tensur edt hatsoci etynowr egar dedt hem i nqui tet hesamel ightagai n.
-Deat h, st arvat i
on, diseases, violence, highcr imer ate, unempl oyment ,homel essness, injuri
es.
-Thewarcausedani mmensel eapf orwar di nwomen’ semanci pat i
on.
[C] Didt hemi nor i
tygr oupsi nEur opebenef itfrom t heef fect soft heFi rstWor ldWar ?Expl ai
n
youranswer .[8].
-Jewsf oundt hem scat ter edal l ov erasar esul toft hei rt reatmentdur i
ngt hewari nEur ope.
-InGer many , Jewswer eaccusedofhav i
ngst abbedt heGer mansi nt hebackandr eceived
ter ri
bl et reat ment .
-Ger mansi tsel fwasdi v i
dedi nt o2byt hePol i
shCor ridorwhi chsepar at edPr ussiaf r
om
Ger many .
-Czechwasgi venanewst at eoft hei rownCzechosl ov akia.
-Pol andwhi chhadbeenswal lowedbyGer manyandRussi awasr ecr eat ed.
-Womenr ecei vedpol it
ical ri
ght sbyegt her ightt ov ote.
-Womenhadacqui redski llswhi cht heycont inuedt ouseaf tertheendoft hewar .
[Jun2006]
3.[ a]Nameanyf iveEur opeancount r
iest hathadI nt erest sinnor thAf ri
cabet ween1900and
1914[ 5] .
-Br it
ai n, France, Ger many ,Italy ,Tur key .
[b]Descr ibet hef irstMor occancr isisof1905andt hesecondMor occancr isisof1911[ 12].
-Pr obl emsst ar tedwhenBr itainr ecogni sedFr enchambi tionsi nMor occoaspar tofEnt ent e
Cor dialeagr eementof1904.
-AssoonasKai sergai nedi nf ormedoft hesecr etcl auseonMor occowhi ch, hebr oughtst r
ong
dipl omat icpr essur et obearonFr ance.
-Kai serv i
sitedt angieri n1905andassur edt heSul t
ant hatGer manywoul dsuppor tthe
i
ndependenceofMor occoanddi dnoti nt endt or ecogni seanyot heragr eement .
-Kai serdemandedcal l
ingofaEur opeanconf er enceonMor occoconf erenceatAl geria1906.
SecondMor occancr i
sis1911
-InMay1911, claimi ngt hatAl ger i
awasendanger edbydi sor derinMor occo; Frencht roops
occupi edFezwhi chwasunderat tackf rom nomadt ri
be.
-Ger manyst eppedi nandi nJul y1911aGer mangunboat ,thePant her ,wassentt oAgadi ront he
gr oundt hatt hei nterestofGer manynat i
onal swer ei ndanger .
-Forat imef eel ingswer esohi ght hatwarbet weenFr anceandGer manyseemedpossi ble.
-Ger manact ionexci tedBr itishopi nionasAgadi rwascl oset oGi braltar .
-Br it
ishf leetwaspr epar edf oract ion.
-Anagr eementwasr eachedwher ebyFr ancewasr ecogni sedashav ingt hepr otectorateov er
Mor occobuti nr eturnt heGer manCamer oonwasenl ar gedbyt wosubst antialsli
cesf rom
3
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oduct
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drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
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drhoepr
oduct
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drhoepr
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7
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
war .
-Thi smadepeopl et ochangeol dideasandquest iont hest at usquo.
-Fundament alchangesofat t
itudes, anor di nar yper sonwasasgoodaki ngort heruler.
-Womenwhohadbeenconf i
nedt ot heki tchenf oundt hemsel vesj oi ningi ndust riesandt he
armyandatt heendoft hewardemandedsoci al andpol i
tical right s.
-Speedyf or msofcommuni cationbr oughtnat ionsandpeopl ecl osershar ingandspr eadi ng
pol i
t i
cal ideas.
-Peopl ef rom di fferentpar tsofEur opef oughtt oget herandshar edpol iti
cal ideaswhi chspr ead
allov erEur ope.
-Thef al loft heTsari nRussi aandot herMonar chl ef tagapt hatwasqui cklyf il
ledbynew
pol i
t i
cal ideas’
-Thespr eadofcommuni cat ioni nEur opei nf luencedt hedev elopmentofnewi deas.
[Nov2003]
10. [a]Gi veanyf i
v er easonsf ort heabandonmentoft hepol icyofspl endi di solationbyBr it
ain
after1900[ 5].
-All themaj orpower shadal i
gnedt hemsel vese. g.Fr anco- Russi anEnt ent e, TripleEnt ente.
-Theheedt ocont r
ol Russi anexpansi oni nt heEast .
-Ger manyl ookedf orcol oniesnextt oBr itishones.
-Ger mangunboatdi plomacy .
-THEKai ser ’spr oclai medwel t
pol itikt hr eat enedBr itishsupr emacy ’
-Asar esul tofr ivalryinAf r
icaandSout h- EastAsi ar elat i
onswi thFr ancewer enogood.
-Britai n’snav al super i
or itywasbei ngchal lengedbyt heU. S.AandJapan.
[b]Descr i
bet hef ormat ionandt ermsoft heTr ipleEnt ent e, 1907. [
8] .
-TheTr ipleEnt ent ef ollowedt heEnt ent eCor di al of1904.
-Thesuppor tgi venbyRussi at oFr anceandBr itainatAl geci rasshowedcl ear l
yt hattheset hree
power swer ebyt hist imebei ngdr awnt oget heragai nstt heKai ser ’
spol i
cy .
-TheFr enchgov ernmentwasper suadi ngCzarNi chol as2t ocomet oadef init
eunder standing
withBr itainov erdi sput edi ssues.
-TheCzarwasasmuchopposedt ot heBer li
n-Bagdadpr ojectofGer manyaswasBr itain.
-Theseconsi der ationsl edt odi scussi onsi n1907bet weenr epresent ativesoft heBr it
ishand
Russi angov ernment s.
-TheAngl o- Russi anagr eementset tledcer t aincausesofdi sput esbet weent het wocount ri
es.
-Set tledt heol ddi sput eov erAf ghani stanandt heI ndi anf r
ont i
er. Russi ansgav ewayandBr i
tai
n
gai nedcont rol oft hef or eignpol icyofAf ghani stan.Br i
tainandRussi aexer cised
Equal tradi ngr i
ght si nt hecount ry.
-I
nPer si a[ I
r an]aset tlementwasr eached. Russi agai nedcont r
ol ofNor ther nPer si
awhi leBr i
tai
n
cont rolledSout hEastandt hePer sianGul fwher eBr i
tainoi l interest shadal readyest ablished
themsel v es.
-By1907Russi aandFr ance, Fr anceandBr itai n, BritainandRussi awer eal l li
nkedbycer tai
n
i
mpor tantof ficial under standi ngandt heTr ipleEnt ent eofBr i
tain, Fr ancehadcomet ost ay .
[C].Towhatext entdi dt hef or mat ionoft het ripleent ent eincr easet ensi oni nEur ope?[ 8].
-From 1907t hemaj orst atesofEur opewer edr awnupt woCamps–dual allianceofGer many
andAust ri
a- Hungar yandt heTr ipleEnt ent e.
-Thet wocampsi ncr easedt hei rstr engt hy earbyy ear .
-Thear mi esr eachf orwaront heCont i
nentwer et hebi ggest/ largestev erf or medi nEur opein
timeofpeace.
-I
twasnol ongerpossi blet ol ocal isewar .
-Howev er, ther ewer eot herf act orst hatwer eal soi ncr easingt ensi oni nEur opeegCol oni al
rivalry, quar relsi nt heBal kans, Armsr ace, Nav al race, Fearandi nsecur ityt hathadbeenar oused
bynat ional ism , secr ett r eat i
esandhost i
leal liancesandTact lesspubl icst at ement sbyt he
Kai ser .
8
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oduct
ions0772155794
[
NOV2003]
11[ a]St ateanyf iveai msoft heSchl ief fenPl an.[ 5]
-Tocapt ureFr ancewi thinav er yshor tspaceoft i
mebef or ereturningt oRussi a–Af ter39day s
onl y .
-ToMar cht hroughBel gium wi t hin12day s.
-Toav oidf ight ingont wof ront s.
-Tocapt ureBr ussel swi thin19day s.
–Tooccupychannel por tsinor dert opr ev entt helandofBr i
tishreinf orcement s.
[
b] Descr i
bet het renchwar far e, 1915- 1917.
-Af terGer manadv ancewascheckedatt heBat tleoft heMar ne,theGer mansnowbegant odi g
def ensi veposi t
ionsal ongt hewhol ewest er nfront.
-Wari nt hewestnowbecamest aticandev entual l
ythel i
v esoft renchesanddugout sextended
from Bel gium Fr ont ierr i
ghtdownt oSwi tzer land.
-Fart henext4y ear swaront hewest ernf rontoneofat tackandcount erattack.
-Agai nofaf ewhundr edy ardsr esult edi nheav ycasual tiesf orthesi deattempt i
ngt omov e
for war dt hati tbecameamat teroff ur iousdebat ebet weenwarl eader sandst rategieswhet her
thewarcoul dbedeci dedont hewest er nf ront.
-Di seasesaf fectedsol diersi nt het renches.
-Useofpoi sonousgas
-Useofai rpower /pl anest obr eakt hedeadl ock
-Useoft anksi nt hewar
-Useofbar bedwi r e
-Lossofmor aleassol di
er sspentt oomucht imei nt hetrenches.
[
C] .Howf ardi dnav al powercont r
ibut et ot hedef eatoft heCent ral Power s?
-Al l
iedseapowerwasdeci siv e.
-Itenf orcedt hedeadl ybl ockadewhi chcauseddesper atef oodshor t
ages.
-Keptal li
esf ullysuppl ied.
-Ger mansubmar i
necampai gnf ai
ledi nt hef orceofconv oyspr otect edbyBr i
tish, Americaand
Japanesedest r
oy er s.
-Thesubmar inecampai gni tsel fwasami stakebecausei tbr oughtt heUSAi ntot hewar .
-Howev er,ther ewer eot herf act orswhi chcont r
ibutedt ot hedef eatoft heCent r
al Power s.
-Ger manywasbadl yl eddownbyheral liesandwasconst ant l
yhav i
ngt ohelpoutAust r
iansand
Bul gar i
ans.
-Mut i
nyi nt henav y.
-Fai lureoft heSchl ieff enpl an.
-Vastr esour cesoft heUSA.
[
Jun2004]and[ Nov2011]
12.Namef iveEur opeancount r iesthathadi nterestinNor thAf ri
caf rom 1900t o1914[ 5]
-Italy
-Br itain
-Fr ance
-Ger many
-Tur key
[
b] Descr i
bet hef irstMor occancr i
sisof1905andt hesecondMor occancr i
sisof1911.
-Mor occocoul dnotcont rol et hni cgr oupsont hebor derwi thFrenchAl ger i
a
-Br itainr aisednoobj ection, butGer manywasnothappyaboutFr enchambi tiont here
-Ger manKai sert oTangi erv oi cingsuppor tf orMor occoagai nstFr anceanddemandedan
i
nt er nat ional conf erencet or econsi derNor thAf r
icanaf fairs.
-Fr ancesental istofdemandst oMor occo.Mor occor efusedt oacceptt hedemands
-TheBankofMor occowasputunderi nt er nat i
onal control.Thesemeasur esdi sappoi nt
edt he
Ger mansatt heAl gi ersConf er ence[ Spai n] .
9
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oduct
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-TheBr
it
ishandtheUSAbackedFranceinthi
scr i
sis,
thusi
ncr
easingr
if
tbetweenGermanyon
onehandandFranceandBrit
ainontheother
,leadi
ngt ot
heTri
pleEnt
enteof1907.I
twasa
dipl
omati
cvict
oryforFr
anceanddefeatf
orGer many.
SecondMor occanCr i
si s[ 1911]
-Tribesr ebell
edagai nstt heSul tani nMor occo.
-Fr ancesentt roopsqui ckl yt osubduet hem.
-Ger manydenouncedt heFr enchmov easi llegal accor dingtotheALGECI RASConf erence.
-Ger manysentagunboatThePant hert oAgadi r[ apar tofMor occo] .
-Ger manycl aimedshewaspr ot ect i
ngheri nt erest sbutact uall
ywi shedt ot akepar tofMor occo
ascompensat ionf orFr enchgai ns.
-Britain, terri
fiedbyt hepossi bilityofaGer mannav al baseatAgadi r[Atlantic]socl oset ot he
Gibr altar ,immedi atel ysi dedwi thFr ancei nt hecr isis.
-Thisf or cedGer manyt owi thdr awembar rassed, asi twascl earl
yaFr enchv ictory.
-Thiscr isiswi denedt hegapbet weent heTr ipleAl lianceandTr i
pleEnt ent e.
-Thef ol l
owi ngy earBr i
tai ni ntr oducedconscr ipti
oni nr eadinessf oranyev ent uali
ty.
-Asar esul tBr itainandFr ancemadeasecr etnav al agr eementt osuppor teachot heri ncaseof
war .
c]Howf ardidt hef irstandsecondMor occancr isiscont ri
butetot heout breakoft heFi rstWor l
d
War ?
-Thef i
r stMor occancr isisi ncr easedt ensi onbet weenGer manyononehandl eadingt ot he
format ionoft heTr ipleEnt ent ei n1907.
-The2ndMor occancr isisagai npl ottedGer manyononehandandt heBr iti
shandFr enchont he
otherhandi ncr easi ngwor ldt ensi on.
Howev er ,ther ewer eot herf act or swhi chl edt otheout breakoft heware. g.quar r
el between
Aust ri
aandSer bia.
-Economi crival ryamongdi ffer entcapi t
al i
stcount ri
esoft hewor ld.
-Nav alr acebet weenBr itainandGer many .
-Col oni al ri
valryi nAf ricaandt heFarEast .
-Mobi l
isat ionpl anse. g.Ger many ’
sSchl ief f
enpl an.
-Riseofnat i
onal i
sm i nCent ral andEast er nEur opee. g.Aust ri
aHungar ythreat enedbyt hisforce.
-TheAr msr ace.
[Jn2004]
13.[a]LI STAnyf i
v edef eat edpower satt hePar isPeaceConf erence.[ 5]
-Bul gar ia,Ger many ,Aust ria, Tur key .
-Hungar y .
[b]Descr ibet her esul tsoft heFi rstWor ldWar[ 12]
-Dest r
uct i
onofpr oper tyandi nf rastruct ur e.
-About10mi llionpeopl eki lledi nt hewar .
-Count riesbur denedwi t
hwardebt s.
-Millionofwi dowsandor phans.
-Oldempi resofGer many ,Aust ri
a, Hungar y, Russi aandTur keywer eweakenedordi sintegrated.
-Newpol iti
cal andsoci al for ceswer ear isinge. g.spr eadofcommuni cation.
-Apeaceagr eementVer sai l
lesPeaceTr eat yof1919si gned.
-Ger manydi sar medandst rippedasmi l
itarypower .
-Ger manymadet opayf ort hewar[ repar ations] .
-Ger manyl ostl andandpopul at i
on.
-Ani nter nati
onal organi sat ionwasf ormedt heLeagueofNat i
ons.
-Riseofext r
emewi thdef eat edpower s.
-Newcount r
iescr eatedi nEur ope[ East ern].
10
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ions0772155794
Economi cresults
ØWargav egr eatcommer ci
al advantaget otheindust r
iali
sednat i
onsout sideEuropee,
gJapan
andUSA
ØCount ri
esl i
keIndi anowbegant obui ldfactori
esoft heirowni nsteadofdependi ngon
Europeandebt s.
ØAmer icagotal argeshareofwor l
dt radeandbecamegr eatestcreditornation
ØEur opebecamer el
ati
velypoorandpeopl eofEuropewer eheav i
lytaxedt opaydebtsoft
he
war
ØInflation-unempl oyment /greatdepr ession
ØDamagedenv i
ronment /
landdest royedcr ops,l
ivestock, destructi
onofi ndustri
es
ØRepar ati
ons
ØIncr easedpr oduct i
on
ØAv ailabil
ityofcommer cialfl
ight
ØAv ailabil
ityofcheapergoods.
[C]
.Didt hepeopl eofEur opebenef iteconomi call
yf r
om t hiswar ?Expl ai
ny ouranswer.[
8]
ØEur opel ostitsleadinindust ri
aldev elopment,it
speopl ebecamepoor er
ØThepeopl ewer eheav i
lytaxedt omakeupf orwardebt s
14
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16
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Luxembour g
-Alsoai medatcapt uringPar isandenci r cl
ementofFr enchar mi esaswel l asat t
acki ngAl sace-
Lorraine
-Want edt odef eatFr ancei nSi xweeksl eadingt ot ransferofGer mant r
oopseastoft ofi
ght
Russi at husav oidingwaront wof ront s
-Whenwarbr okeouti n1914Ger manymov edqui cklytoimpl ementi t.Troopsmov edswi ftl
y
throughBel gium
-Metr esi stancef rom t heBr i
tishExpedi tionar yFor ce[ BEF]andf rom t heBel gians
-SomeGer manf orceswi thdrawnt of ighttheRussi awhohadmobi l
i
sedf armor equi cklyt han
anticipat ed
-Frenchar mysentt odeal withGer mani nv asioni nst eadofi nv adingAl sace- Lorr
aine
-Ger manymadechangest othepl an, sentar myt hr oughashor terr outeeastofPar isinsteadof
west
[c]
.Howsuccessf ul wast heSchl ieffenPl aninachi ev i
ngi t
sai ms?[ 8]
-Mot i
vat edGer mandecl arati
onofwaronRussi aandFr ance
-Ger mansabl etoent erBel gi
um al thought heyl atermetBel gium andBr it
ishr esistance
-Althoughal teredal i
ttlethepl anal l
owedt heGer manst oav oidf i
ght i
ngont wof rontsfora
shor twhi le
-Howev er ,
thepl anf ailedt oant i
cipatet hatBr i
tainmi ghtent ert hewaront odef endBel gi
um.
-Thequi ckmobi lisati
onofFr anceandRussi afor cedt heGer manst oal t
ert hemov ementof
theirtroops
-Resi stancebyt heBel giansandt heBEFf orcedt heGer manst of ightwi thmanypower satt he
samet ime
-Par iscoul dnotbeenci rcledasor i
ginal l
yint ended
[Nov2011]
24[ a].I
dent i
fyanyf iveAl l
iedpower sdur ingt heFi rstWor ldWar[ 5]
-Britain, France, Italy,Russi a,Japan
-Gr eece, Ser bia,Belgium, Portugal ,Sout hAf r
ica, USA, Australia,
.
-Romani a, Canada.
[b].
Out li
net hepol i
ti
calandEconomi cr esul t
softhefir
stWor ldWar .
[12]
-ResponsessameasNov2006Quest i
on19
Nov2006Quest i
on2b
Speci menpaper9b
[c].
Towhatext entdidwomenbenef itfrom theresult
soft heFirstWor l
dWar .[
8]
-Warsi tuationcreatedjobsforseveral womenwhowoul dother wisehav espentmuchofthei
r
timei nthehome
-Woment ookupt asksusuallythepr eserveofmene, ginindust ry,t
hemi l
i
tary,
etcpr
ovi
ng
wr ongt henot ionthattheywer eofaweakerandi nf
eri
oror i
entation
-Fr anchiseopenedupt owomeni nsomecount ri
ese,gUSA, Britain,France
-Womenf reerthanbeforee,ginUSAcoul dnowdr i
vecars,smoke, discusssexopenlyand
mov efreelywi thoutaccompani mentbymen
-Howev er, somewomenwer eleftwidowsandt ookupr olesofbr eadwi nners
-Notal lwomenwer egivenafranchise
-Ther eturnofmenf rom thewarmeantt hatsomewomenl ostt heirjobs
[June2012]
25. [
a]Nameanyf iveBalkanStatesthatt ookpartintheSecondBal kanWar ,
1913.[5]
ØSer bia
ØBul garia
ØGr eece
17
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
ØRomani a
ØMont enegr o
[b].
Out linet hepar tpl ay edbyGer mani ntheout br eakoft heFi rstWor l
dWar ,1914.[12]
ØSy st em ofal l
iance-at temptt oi sol ateFr ancel edt ot hedi visionofthewor l
di nt
otwohost il
e
camps.Madei tindi cat ioni timpossi bletol ocalisewar
ØTheGer manwarpl an- ani ndicat iont hatshewasant i
cipatingwar .
ØNav al /Ar msr ace- compet iti
oni nt hemanuf actur eofammuni ti
on
ØKai ser ’
sut terances- cl earpr ov ocat ionofBr i
tain
ØCol oni al rivalry–cont ribut edi nt heMor occancr i
sesof1905and1911
ØSar aj ev oassassi nat i
on- gav eabl ankchequet oAust r
ia-Hungar y
ØDecl ar ationofwaronRussi aandFr ance
ØBr eaki ngofBel gi anneut rality
ØGer man’ ssuppor tofAust ri
a- Hungar yi
nt heBosni ancr isiscausedbi tter
nessonRussi a.
[b].
Out linet hepar tpl ay edbyGer mani ntheout br eakoft heFi rstWor l
dWar ,1914.[12]
ØTheSchl i
ef fenpl ant hatGer manyshoul dpasst hroughBel gium.Belgium wasaneut r
alstate
withherneut ral ityguar ant eedbyamongot hers, Brit
ain.
ØKai ser ’
sut terances-pr ov ocat ive
ØGer man’ si nv ol vementi nt hef ollowi ng:
-System ofal l
iances
-Arms/ Nav al race
-Colonial ri
v alry
OtherCount ries
ØBr itain- def endedt heBel gianneut ralit
yandwasi nvolvedi nt heArms/ Navalrace
ØAust ria- Hungar y -at tackedSer bia
ØRussi ansuppor tf orSer bi aandsl avnat ionalism
ØMember soft het wohost ilecampscont ri
but edt othedi v i
sionoft hewor l
dintotwohost i
l
e
camps
ØBel gi anr esist ance
[June2012]
26[a].Listanyf i
v ebat t
lesf oughtdur i
ngt heFi rstWor l
dWar ,1914-1918.[5]
ØBat t l
eofGal l
ipol i,Hel goland, Fal kland, Cambr ai
ØQUESTI ON17A
[b].
Descr ibet her easonsf ordef eatofGer manyi nt heFi rstWor ldWar.[
12].
ØFai lur eoft heSchl iefflenpl an
ØWeaknessofGer many ’sal l
ies
ØGer manr ev ol tsbyt hesoci alists
ØPoorf oodsuppl y
ØAmer icanent rancei ntot hewar
ØAl li
ednumer i
cal super i
or ity
ØBr iti
shcont rol oft heseas
ØAl li
edbl ockadesl owl ybr oughtt hest arvati
onofCent ral power sinbothfoodandr aw
mat erials
ØI nexhaust ibleweal thoft heBr i
tishempi r
e
ØCompet enceofAl li
edl eader s-Liy odGeor ge
ØI nexper iencedGer manysol di ers
ØBel gi anr esist ance
ØMut inybyGer mannav al forcesi n1918
ØSpani shi nf luenza
ØFi ght ingonmanyf ront s
ØFai lur eofNov emberof f
ensi v e[Ludendor ff]
ØI nfl
uenceofpoi sonousgasi ntroducedbyGer many
18
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
ØFai
l
ureofU-
BoatCampai
gn
[c]
.Towhatext entdi dtheent ryoft heU. S. Aintot hewarcont ributetot hedef eatofGer many
andherAl li
es?[ 8]
ØAmer i
cabr oughtf r
esht roops, weaponsandmoney
ØEconomi cboost
ØAmer i
cancommandofseas
Otherf act ors
ØWeaknessofGer manal li
es
ØAl li
edbl ockade
ØFai lur eoft heGer manwarpl anet c
[Nov2012]
27[a].Listt hreemember soft heTr ipleEnt ente1907]andt womember soft heDual Entente
[1904]
TripleEnt ent e-Br itain
-France
-Russi a
Dual Ent ent e- Br i
tain
-France
(b)Descr ibet he1911‘ Pant her’ Cri
sis.
ØMor occant ribesr ebel ledagai nstt heSul taninMor occo
ØCl aimi ngt hatt her ewasdi sor derinMor occo, Frencht roopsoccupi edFezwhi chwasunder
attackf rom nomadst ribes
ØGer manydenouncedt heFr enchmov easi l
legal accor dingtoAl gecir
asConf erence
ØI nJul y1911aGer manygunboat ,thepant herwassentt oAgadi r[apor ti
nMor occo] ,onthe
groundst hatt hei nt erest sofGer manywer eindanger .
ØGer manycl aimedt hatshewaspr otect ingheri nt erest sinMor occoanddemandedal lof
FrenchCongoascompensat i
on
ØForat imef eel i
ngswer esohi ght hatwarbet weenFr anceandGer manyseemedpossi bl
e
ØGer manyact ionexci tedBr i
ti
shopi nionasAgadi rwascl oset oGi braltar
.
ØBr i
taini mmedi at elysi dedwi thFr ance[ Thr eatenedmi litaryact ion]
ØThi sf or cedGer manyt owi t
hdr awembar rassed, asi twascl ear l
yaFr enchv ictory.[A
diplomat icdef eatf orGer manyanddi plomat i
cv ictoryf orFr ance]
ØGer manywasgi v eFr enchCongoasar esultoft hiscr isis
[c]
Towhatext entdi dt he‘ panther ’Cr i
siscont ri
but etot heout br eakoft heFi r
stWor l
dWar ?
ØThecr isiswi denedt hegapbet weent heTr i
pleAl l
ianceandt heTr i
pleEnt ente, andt he
foll
owi ngy earBr itainint roducedconscr i
pt i
oni nr eadi nessf oranyev entuali
ty
ØThepant hercr isispi ttedGer manyont heonehandandFr anceont heot her,increasi ngworld
tension.
Howev er, ther ewer eot herf actorswhi chl edt otheout breakoft hewar ,egquar rel between
Aust ri
aandSer bi
a.
ØEconomi cr ivalryamongstcapi tali
stcount r
ies
ØNav al racebet weenGer manyandBr itain
ØGer many ’sSchl ief f
enpl anet c.
[Nov2012]
28[ a].St at eanyf ivecount r
iest hatf oughtagai nstGer manyandheral li
esdur ingt heFi rstWorld
War[ 5]
ØBr i
tain, France, Bel gium
ØRussi a, Ser bia, Italy
ØU. S.A, Canada, Japan
ØAust r alia,Sout hAf ri
ca, NewZeal and
19
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
[b].
Descr ibet heGer manpl anofat tackonFr ancedur i
ngWor ldWar1.
ØAi medatcapt uringFr ancewi thinav er yshor tt imebef oretur ningtoRussi aaf ter39day sonl
y
ØThepl anofat t ackwascal ledSchl ieffenpl an
ØI twasr ev i
sedi n1905- 6
ØTheGer mant roopswer et omar cht hr oughBel gium wi thin12day s.
ØToav oidf i
ght ingont wof ront s
ØThepl anai medt ocapt ur eBr usselswi thin19day s
ØGer mansol di er swer etooccupychannel por tsi nor dertopr eventthel andingofBr iti
sh
reinfor cement s
ØAi medt opr ev entt hei nv asi onofAl sace-Lor raine
ØThepl anwast oconcent rat eanov er whel mi ngpr oporti
onoft heirforcesi nthewest ,knock
outFr anceandt hent urneastt odeal withRussi a
ØThepl anwasbasedonGer manysuper iorityi nnumber s,organi sati
on, tr
ainingandequi pment
car ri
edal lbef or ei t.
[c]
.Towhatext entwast heGer manpl ansuccessf ul?[8]
ØAmont haf t ert heout breakofwar ,theGer manswer elesst han50mi l
esf rom Par i
s.
ØTheFr enchgov ernmentf ledt oBor deauxf orsaf ety
ØHowev er,thesi tuationwassav edbyski ll
, luckandGer manmi stakes[Gener alJoffr
e]
ØBel gium of fer edunexpect edst i
ffresi stancegi v i
ngRussi aoppor tunit
yt omobi lise
ØGer manyf ai ledt ocapt ur eBr usselswi thint heper iodst i
pulatedont hepl an.
[June2013]
29[ a].Sameasquest ion3[ a] ,
[b]&[C]- June2006
ØSameasquest ion12[ a],
[b]&[c] -June2004.
[June2013]
30[ a].Nameanyf ivev ictoriouspower si nt heFi rstWor ldWar .[5]
ØUSA, Britai
n
ØFr ance, I
taly
ØJapan, Serbi a,
ØGr eece, Bel gium
ØSout hAf r i
ca, Romani a
ØCanada, etc
[b]Out l
inet heSoci alandPol iti
cal resultsoft heFi rstWor l
dWar .[12]
Pol it
ical resul ts
ØSameasquest ion9[ b] -
speci menpaper
ØSameasquest ion24[ b]-Nov2011
Soci al resul t
s
ØSameasquest ion2[ b] -
Nov2006
ØSameasquest ion19[ b]-Nov2009.
[c]
.Towhatext entdi dt heUni t
edSt atesofAmer i
ca[ USA]benef iteconomi callyfrom thi
sWar ?
[8]
ØWargav egr eatcommer cial adv antaget ot heUSA
ØSheexpor tedcar sandchemi calst oEur ope
ØUSAl oanedmoneyt ot hef ight i
ngcount ries
ØUSAov ertookEur opet obecomeaneconomi cgi ant
ØHowev er,thewaral sobr oughtsomeeconomi cdi sadvantages:
ØOv erproduct ionl aterl edt ot heGr eatDepr essi on
ØAf tert hewarsomeEur opeancount ri
esi ntroducedt ari
ffsonAmer i
cangoods
ØSomecount riesf ai
ledt opaybackt heAmer icanl oans
[
Nov2013]
31[
a]Nameanyf
iveBal
kanst
atest
hathadbecomei
ndependentf
rom Tur
kishr
uleby1912.[
5]
20
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
[c]
.Towhatext entdidcl ashesbet weenSer biaandAust ri
a-Hungaryov ertheBalkansleadtothe
outbreakoft heFi r
stWor ldWar ?[ 8]
ØSer biawasi nfuriat
edbyt helossoft heoppor tunit
ytohav etheannexedpr ovi
ncesofBosni a
andHer zegov i
na.Mobi lisedherf or cesagainstAust ri
a-Hungary
ØSer biaencour agedpan- slavagi tati
oninBosni aandHer zegovinabyassi sti
nginther unni
ngof
secretor ganisationagai nstAust ri
anr uleli
ket heBlackHand.
ØBal kanLeagueofSer bia, Greece, Mont enegroandBul gari
awasdi rectedagainstAust r
o-
Hungar y.TheLeaguef ormedanar medcampofi t
sown.
ØSar ajevoi ncidentacul mi nat i
onofSer biaandAust r
o-Hungarianclashes/ cl
imaxwhi chledto
war
Howev er ,therewer eotherr easonswhi chcausedt heWar ,
ØTheyi ncludet heSchl i
ef fenpl an, Germany ’
swel tpol
iti
k,thearmsr aceandnav albuil
dupby
thegreatpower sandcol onialrivalry.
[Nov2013]
32[a].
Listanyf i
vecount riest hatf oughtagai nstGer manyandheral li
esdur i
ngtheFirstWorld
War .[
5]
ØFr ance, Brit
ain
ØSer bia,Russi a
ØUSA, Bel gi
um
ØJapan, Ital
y
ØRumani a,Portugal
ØChi na, SouthAf r
ica
ØGr eece
21
drhoepr
oduct
ions0772155794
22