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    Lighting Design Calculation in A Building - Step by Step

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    Mohamed A. Hussein
    The document provides guidance on performing lighting design calculations for buildings. It discusses key factors to consider like room index, maintenance factor, room reflections, utilization factor, and space-to-height ratios. Sample calculations are provided for lighting requirements and fixture selection for a classroom, conference room, hall, stairwell, and various toilet areas based on their dimensions and intended light levels. The goal is to select the most appropriate fixtures using manufacturers' lumen output specifications to adequately light different room types in a building.

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    Lighting Design Calculation in A Building - Step by Step

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed A. Hussein
    85 views10 pages
    The document provides guidance on performing lighting design calculations for buildings. It discusses key factors to consider like room index, maintenance factor, room reflections, utilization factor, and space-to-height ratios. Sample calculations are provided for lighting requirements and fixture selection for a classroom, conference room, hall, stairwell, and various toilet areas based on their dimensions and intended light levels. The goal is to select the most appropriate fixtures using manufacturers' lumen output specifications to adequately light different room types in a building.

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    The document provides guidance on performing lighting design calculations for buildings. It discusses key factors to consider like room index, maintenance factor, room reflections, utilization factor, and space-to-height ratios. Sample calculations are provided for lighting requirements and fixture selection for a classroom, conference room, hall, stairwell, and various toilet areas based on their dimensions and intended light levels. The goal is to select the most appropriate fixtures using manufacturers' lumen output specifications to adequately light different room types in a building.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    85 views10 pages

    Lighting Design Calculation in A Building - Step by Step

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed A. Hussein
    The document provides guidance on performing lighting design calculations for buildings. It discusses key factors to consider like room index, maintenance factor, room reflections, utilization factor, and space-to-height ratios. Sample calculations are provided for lighting requirements and fixture selection for a classroom, conference room, hall, stairwell, and various toilet areas based on their dimensions and intended light levels. The goal is to select the most appropriate fixtures using manufacturers' lumen output specifications to adequately light different room types in a building.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Lighting Design Calculation in a Building –

    Step by Step
    Electrical Technology

    13 6 minutes read


    How to do Lighting Design Calculation in a Building – Electrical
    Wiring Installation
    In professional field proper lighting design is very important because an under lighting
    arrangement will decrease the efficiency of the task for which the lightings were
    designed and an over lighting arrangement will result in over expenditure of the
    company. On small scale this difference is not too much to worry about but in large
    buildings, plants, factories, etc it becomes very significant in today electrical wiring
    installations.
    The simple and basic approach for calculating the lighting requirement is to divide the
    total light requirement of the room by light output (lumen) provided by a single lamp.
    Although this is the basic approach for an average household room, but it’s not
    practically accurate.
    In practical there are several other parameters which are necessary to be considered in
    the calculation because nothings Ideal. For example the luminaries lumen output won’t
    be the same throughout the entire life span, dust deposition on lamps will also reduce
    their output over time which means cleanliness is also an important parameter. A bright
    painted room reflects more light than a dark coloured room so they both have different

    lighting requirements.
    So it is important to first understand few basic terms about lighting design before
    beginning the calculations.
    Room Index- It is based on shape and size of the room. It describes the ratios of the
    room’s length, width and height. It’s usually between 0.75 to 5.

    Where “l ” is the length of the room,


    “w” is the width of the room and,
    hwc is height between work plane i.e. Bench to Ceiling
    This formula for Room Index is applicable only when room length is less than 4 times
    the width.

    Table of Contents
     Maintenance Factor:
     Room Reflections
     Utilization Factor
     Space to Height ratio
     Lighting Design Calculation for Classroom
     Lighting Design Calculation for Conference Room
     Lighting Design Calculation for Hall
     Lighting Design Calculation for Stair case Wiring
     Lighting Design Calculation for Toilet WC
     Lighting Design Calculation for Toilet Washroom Area

    Maintenance Factor:
    It is ratio of the lamp lumen output after a particular interval of time as compared to
    when it was new. The lumen output of a light fitting decreases with time because of
    aging of many of its components by internal (saturation of elements) or external factors
    (dust deposition). For example maintenance factor of a light fitting used in a cool dust
    free area will be better than the light fitting used in hot and dusty area.

    It is less than or equal to 1.


    Typical values used for the lighting calculation are:

     0.8 – For offices/classroom


     0.7 – For clean Industry
     0.6 – For dirty Industr
    Read More: Light Emitting Elements And Their Types
    Room Reflections

    The room is considered to consist of three main surfaces:

    1. The ceiling
    2. The walls
    3. The floor
    The effective reflectance’s of these 3 surfaces affect the quantity of reflected light
    received by the working plane. Light colors like white, yellow will have more reflectance
    compared to dark colors like blue, brown.

    Utilization Factor
    Utilization factor (UF) is the ratio of effective luminous flux to the total luminous flux of
    light sources. It is the measure of the effectiveness of the lighting scheme.

    It depends upon

     The efficiency of luminaire


     The luminaire distribution
     The geometry of the space
     Room reflectance’s
     Polar curve
    Read more: What is Energy Efficient Lighting and Techniques to Implement It
    Space to Height ratio
    It is the ratio of distance between adjacent luminaires (centre to centre) to their height
    above the working plane.
    Where,

     Hm = Mounting height


     A = Total floor area
     N = No. of Luminaires
    It should not exceed maximum SHR of the luminaire as provided by the manufacturer.

    Note: A normal living room requires 20 lm/ft 2 i.e. 215 lm/m2


    For Studying room i.e. Classroom 300 lm/m 2 is required.
    (Note that for different environment and conditions there are different standards. For
    example companies like many MNC’s should maintain 600 lm/m 2 in the Office’s for
    people working in night shifts)
    Now let’s start with the steps. Consider the following layout of a particular floor of the
    School and analyse the lighting requirements of different sections of the floor.

    For ease of the calculation all the light fittings and their ratings taken into account are of
    Phillips make. You can check the various fixtures and their specification here provided
    by Philips.

    Click image to enlarge


    Lighting Design Calculation for Classroom
    Cross section area of classroom = 6×9 = 54 m2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 54×300 = 16200 lm

    The below table is a reference table for calculating Utilisation factor for light fittings. It
    differs from model to model and make to make. For just understanding the concept we
    are using a single reference table for all the light fittings. The actual table is provided by
    the manufacturer and can be little different from the one below.

    Room Reflectance Room Index


    C W F 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.00
    0.70 0.50 0.20 0.43 0.49 0.55 0.60 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.80 0.83
    0.30 0.35 0.41 0.47 0.52 0.59 0.65 0.69 0.75 0.78
    0.10 0.29 0.35 0.41 0.46 0.53 0.59 0.63 0.70 0.74
    0.50 0.50 0.20 0.38 0.44 0.49 0.53 0.59 0.63 0.66 0.70 0.73
    0.30 0.31 0.37 0.42 0.46 0.53 0.58 0.61 0.66 0.70
    0.10 0.27 0.32 0.37 0.41 0.48 0.53 0.57 0.62 0.66
    0.30 0.50 0.20 0.30 0.37 0.41 0.45 0.52 0.57 0.60 0.65 0.69
    0.30 0.28 0.33 0.38 0.41 0.47 0.51 0.54 0.59 0.62
    0.10 0.24 0.29 0.34 0.37 0.43 0.48 0.51 0.56 0.59
    0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.23 0.27 0.30 0.35 0.39 0.42 0.46 0.48

    UTILISATION FACTOR TABLE FOR SHRRoom = 1.5


    Reflectance code for classroom = 752

    i.e. 70% reflectance for ceiling, 50% for wall and 20% for floor (General standard for
    white/light coloured walls)

    For R.I. = 1.8 and reflectance code = 752, Utilization Factor(U.F) = 0.66
    For Classroom/Office Maintenance Factor = 0.8 (Standard)

    Where N = Number of luminaire required for given area

     E = Average luminance over the horizontal working plane


     A = Area of the horizontal working plane
     n = Number of lamps in each luminaire
     F = Lighting design lumens per lamp, i.e. initial bare lamp luminous flux
     UF = Utilisation factor for the horizontal working plane
     M.F. = Maintenance factor
    You may also read: Star and Delta Connected Lighting Loads
    If we use Philips Green Perform LED Batten Of 40W
    Lumen/Watt: 4000lm/40w

    Lamp Colour: Neutral White 4000K

    Colour Rendering Index >80

    Lifetime L70* : 50,000 hours

    Lighting Design Calculation for Conference Room


    Cross section area of Conference Room = 6×9 = 54 m 2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 54×300 = 16200 lm
     For R.I. = 1.8 and reflectance code = 752, Utilization Factor (U.F) = 0.66
     M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)
    If we use Philips Ultraslim Round LED Panel Light 22 W
    Lumen/Watt: 1760 lm/22 W

    Lighting Design Calculation for Hall


    Cross section area of hall = 31×3 = 93 m2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 93×215 = 19995 ~20000 lm

     For R.I. = 1.82 and reflectance code = 753, Utilization Factor (U.F) = 0.66
     M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)
    If we use Philips MASTER TL5 High Efficiency ECO 35 W
    Lumen/Watt: 3650 lm/35 W

    Colour Rendering Index – 85

    Average Lifetime: 25,000 hours

    Lighting Design Calculation for Stair case Wiring


    Note: read more about Stair Case wiring installation.
    Cross section area of stair case = 6.4×2.7 = 17.28 m 2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 17.28×215 = 3715 lm
    For R.I. = 1.26 and reflectance code = 752, Utilization Factor (U.F) = 0.55

    M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)

    If we use Philips MASTER TL5 HIGH EFFICIENCY ECO 35 W


    Lumen/Watt: 3650 lm/35 W

    Colour Rendering Index – 85

    Average Lifetime: 24,000 hours

    Lighting Design Calculation for Toilet WC


     Cross section area of WC Toilet 1&2 = 1.425×1.2 = 1.71 m 2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 1.71×215 = 367 lm

     For R.I. <0.75 Utilization Factor (U.F) table not applicable


     M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)
    If we use Philips TL Miniature 8 W
    Lumen/Watt: 410 lm/8 W

    Colour Rendering Index – 60

    Average Lifetime : 10,000 hours


     Cross section area of WC Toilet 3&4 = 1.5×1.8 = 2.7 m 2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 2.7×215 = 580 lm

     For R.I. <0.75 Utilization


    Factor (U.F) table not applicable
     M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)
    If we use Philips MASTER TL5 HIGH EFFICIENCY ECO 14 W
    Lumen/Watt: 1350 lm/14 W

    Average Lifetime : 40,000 hours

     So we can use single LED tube in sharing for both the bathrooms.
    Lighting Design Calculation for Toilet Washroom Area
    Cross section area of Washroom = 6×6.6 = 40 m2, h = 3m
    Lumens required = 49.5×215 = 10642 lm

     For R.I. = 1.05 and reflectance code = 752, Utilization Factor (U.F) = 0.49
     M.F. = 0.8 (Standard)
    If we use Philips Pacific LED Waterproof Batten 35 W
     Lumen/Watt: 4200 lm/35 W
     Colour Rendering Index – 85
     Average Lifetime: 50,000 hours
    Note: The luminaires should be placed equidistance to each other for uniform
    distribution of light in the room. The actual number of luminaires used in the classroom
    will be less than what we have calculated since the utilization factor of LED lights is
    better than what we have taken in the calculation although steps will be the same.

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