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    As CaCo3 Alkalinity-Worked Examples

    Uploaded by

    Sivakumar Nagarathinam
    Alkalinity quantifies a water's ability to neutralize acids and is mainly due to bicarbonate and carbonate ions. It is measured in mg/L of CaCO3. To calculate alkalinity, molar masses and equivalent weights of HCO3-, CO3-2, and CaCO3 are used to determine equivalents from ion masses, which are summed and converted to mg/L of CaCO3. For a liter containing 0.35g HCO3- and 0.12g CO3-2, the alkalinity is calculated to be 485 mg/L.

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    As CaCo3 Alkalinity-Worked Examples

    Uploaded by

    Sivakumar Nagarathinam
    203 views2 pages
    Alkalinity quantifies a water's ability to neutralize acids and is mainly due to bicarbonate and carbonate ions. It is measured in mg/L of CaCO3. To calculate alkalinity, molar masses and equivalent weights of HCO3-, CO3-2, and CaCO3 are used to determine equivalents from ion masses, which are summed and converted to mg/L of CaCO3. For a liter containing 0.35g HCO3- and 0.12g CO3-2, the alkalinity is calculated to be 485 mg/L.

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    Alkalinity quantifies a water's ability to neutralize acids and is mainly due to bicarbonate and carbonate ions. It is measured in mg/L of CaCO3. To calculate alkalinity, molar masses and equivalent weights of HCO3-, CO3-2, and CaCO3 are used to determine equivalents from ion masses, which are summed and converted to mg/L of CaCO3. For a liter containing 0.35g HCO3- and 0.12g CO3-2, the alkalinity is calculated to be 485 mg/L.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    203 views2 pages

    As CaCo3 Alkalinity-Worked Examples

    Uploaded by

    Sivakumar Nagarathinam
    Alkalinity quantifies a water's ability to neutralize acids and is mainly due to bicarbonate and carbonate ions. It is measured in mg/L of CaCO3. To calculate alkalinity, molar masses and equivalent weights of HCO3-, CO3-2, and CaCO3 are used to determine equivalents from ion masses, which are summed and converted to mg/L of CaCO3. For a liter containing 0.35g HCO3- and 0.12g CO3-2, the alkalinity is calculated to be 485 mg/L.

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    How to Calculate Alkalinity As CaCO3

    By an eHow Contributor

    Alkalinity is a water characteristic that quantifies the capacity of water to neutralize acids,
    namely, accepts hydrogen ions H+. Alkalinity of natural water is mainly due to the presence of
    two forms of the carbonate ions denoted as HCO3(-) and CO3(2-) that act as a buffer system.
    Alkalinity prevents sudden changes in the acidity level of water and, hence, is important for fish
    and other aquatic life. It is measured in mg/L of CaCO3. Naturally occurred alkalinity is in the
    range from 400 to 500 mg/L. As an example, calculate alkalinity if 1 L of water contains 035 g
    of HCO3(-) and 0.12 g of CO3(2-) carbonate ions.

    Difficulty: Moderately Easy

    Instructions
    Things You'll Need:
    • Calculator
    • Periodic table of the chemical elements

    Calculate the molar mass of HCO3(-),CO3(2-) and CaCO3 as the sum of mass of all
    atoms in the molecule. Atomic weights of corresponding elements are given in the
    periodic table of the chemical elements (see Resources).
    Molar mass (HCO3(-)) = M(H) + M(C) + 3 x M(O) = 12 + 3 x 16 = 61 g/mole.
    Molar mass (CO3(2-)) = M(C) + 3 x M(O) = 12+ 3 x 16 = 60 g/mole.
    Molar mass (CaCO3) = M(Ca) + M(C) + 3 x M(O) = 40 + 12 + 3 x 16 = 100 g/mole.

    Divide the molar mass by the ion charge or oxidation number (for CaCO3) to determine
    equivalent (Eq.) weights.
    Eq. weight (HCO3(-)) = 61 / 1 (charge) = 61 g/Eq.
    Eq. weight (CO3(2-)) = 60 / 2 (charge) = 30 g/Eq.
    Eq. weight (CaCO3) = 100 / 2 (oxidation state) = 50 g/Eq.

    Divide masses of HCO3(-) and CO3(2-) by their equivalent (Eq.) weights to calculate a
    number of equivalents. In our example,
    Number of Eq. (HCO3(-)) = 0.35g / 61 g/Eq = 0.0057 Eq.
    Number of Eq. (CO3(2-)) = 0.12g / 30 g/Eq = 0.004 Eq.
    Equivalents are needed to reflect the following fact. Each ion HCO3(-) reacts with one
    hydrogen proton H+, but each CO3(-2) ion can accept two protons or two equivalents.

    Add up equivalents of HCO3(-) and CO3(2-) to calculate the alkalinity expressed in


    equivalents of CaCO3. In our example,
    Number of Eq. (CaCO3) = 0.0057 Eq + 0.004 Eq = 0.0097 Eq/L. Multiply it by 1,000 to
    get it in milliequivalents: 0.0097 Eq/L x 1,000 = 9.7 mEq/L.

    Multiply alkalinity in "Eq/L" by the equivalent weight of CaCO3 to calculate it in g/L. In


    our example,
    Alkalinity as CaCO3 = 0.0097 Eq/L x 50 g/Eq = 0.485 g/L = 485 mg/L.

    Read more: How to Calculate Alkalinity As CaCO3 | eHow.com


    http://www.ehow.com/how_5328969_calculate-alkalinity-caco.html#ixzz0zBrz2EWo

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