IDENTIFICATION OF THE TERMINALS OF DC SHUNT,DC SERIES AND DC COMPOUND

MOTOR

Aim: Identify the terminals of DC motors by using test lamp method.

Requirements:
1. PVC insulated cable
2. Pendent lamp holder
3. Test lamp
4. DC shunt motor
5. DC series motor
6. DC compound motor

Theory:
By using a test lamp with 220v DC SUPPLY one can identify the terminals of shunt field
winding, armature winding and inter pole winding of a DC shunt motor the glow of the test lamp
between any two terminals indicated the continuity between those two terminals.

Procedure:

SBTET, AP
DC SHUNT MOTOR

SBTET, AP
DC SERIES MOTOR

DC COMPOUND MOTOR

Measuring the values of windings of DC Machines with the use of multimeter

Aim: Measure the values of windings of the DC machine using multimeter

Apparatus:
1. Multimeter digital type
2. DC shunt motor
3. DC series motor
4. DC compound motor

SBTET, AP
Procedure:

SBTET, AP
SBTET, AP
 IDENTIFICATION OF THE TERMINALS OF D.C. MACHINE USING MEGGER

1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/Range No Purpose

Megger 0-20 Mega Ohms 1 To measure the
500V insulation
resistance
Connecting wires As per the need To make
connections and
interconnections to
equipment

2. CircuitDiagram

SBTET, AP
3. Theory

There are different ohm meters to measure the resistance, but most commonly usedfor
measuring insulation resistance is megger. The voltage for testing is supplied by a small
hand driven DC generator is incorporated in the instrument and is usually 250 or 500 V in
small size and 1000V in large size. There are two coils moving together in the field of
permanent magnet.

An electrical apparatus and winding instruments have their live parts insulated from
the earth or from one another by insulating materials, which cannot be perfect insulators.
The state of their insulation can be found by measuring the insulationresistance.

1. By a special insulation measuring instrument such as megger or ohmmeter.

2. On DC insulation by means of voltmeter with supplyON.

INTERNAL CIRCUIT OF A MEGGER

4. Procedure

1. Set the megger to zeroposition

2. Connect megger terminals to machine terminals where we have to find
insulationresistance.
3. Rotate the handle of megger with highspeed
4. Note down the values of insulationresistance.

SBTET, AP
5. Observations

Megger test on DC shunt motor: Continuity test:

Between terminals Z and ZZ = Between terminals A and AA = Insulation resistance test:

Between terminals Z and Body of motor= Between terminals A and Body of motor=

Megger test on DC Compound motor: Continuity test:

Between terminals Z and ZZ = Between terminals A and AA = Between terminals Y and YY

= Insulation resistance test:

Between terminals Z and Body of motor= Between terminals A and Body of motor= Between
terminals Y and Body of motor=
IDENTIFICATION OF TERMINALS OF DC USING MULTIMETER:
R1= R2=
Shunt motor:
R1 < R2
Armature field winding
winding
Series motor:
R1 < R2
Series field armature winding
Winding
Compound motor:
R1 < R2 < R3
series armature shunt
windingwindingwinding

SBTET, AP
 IDENTIFICATION OF VARIOUS PARTS OF DC MACHINE

AIM: TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT PARTS OF A DC MACHINE

a) DC SHUNT MOTOR
b) DC SERIES MOTOR
c) DC COMPOUND MOTOR

DIAGRAM:

CUT SECTIONAL VIEW OF D.C. MACHINE

SBTET, AP
VARIOUS PARTS OF DC MACHINE

1. Yoke or Magnetic frame

2. Pole cores and pole-shoe

3. Field coils or pole coils

4. Armature core

5. Armature winding or conductors

6. Commutator

7. Inter poles

8. Brushes

9. Bearings

10. Shaft and cooling fan

11. End cover or Side cover

12. Eye bolt

13. Terminal box

14. Ventilating ducts and Base plate

SBTET, AP
1. Yoke:

The outer frame of the machine is called Yoke or Body. The eye bolt, feet and the terminal box
are welded to the Yoke.

2. Pole cores and pole-shoe:

The poles are attached to the Yoke by means of bolts and nuts. The poles are always
available in pairs

3. Field coils or pole coils:

The field coils are made with copper wires, are wound around the pole cores. coils are wound
on the former for the correct dimension of the pole core, then the former is removed
and wound coil is placed around the pole core

SBTET, AP
4. Armature core

It is a rotating part of a D.C. generator, which rotates between poles in a magnetic field. The
armature has slots on its outer periphery and the conductors are placed in the slots. The armature is
cylindrical or drum shaped and is built up of usually circular sheet steel laminations. The thickness of
these laminations varies from approximately 0.4 to 0.6mm and is insulated from each other by paper
or thin coating of varnish.

5. Armature winding or conductors

The Armature winding is made with copper. It consists of large number of insulated coils, each
coil having one or more number of turns. These coils are usually former wound and are placed in
slots. All the conductors are insulated from each other and are appropriately connected in series and
parallel combinations

6. Commutator:

It is of cylindrical structure and made of copper segments insulated from each other by thin
layers of mica sheets. It is mounted on the shaft, at the end of armature. The number of commutator
segments is equal to the number of armature coils. Each commutator segment is connected to the
armature conductor by means of riser. The segments are held together by
means of two V-shaped rings that fit into the V-grooves cut into the segments.

SBTET, AP
7. Inter poles

Inter poles are small poles fixed to the yoke and spaced in between the main poles. They are
wound with comparatively few heavy gauge copper wire turns and are connected in series with
armature.

8. Brushes

The brushes may be made of carbon, graphite, carbon graphite or copper depending on the
requirement. The brushes are rectangular in shape and are housed in a box type brush holder . The
holder is mounted on the spindle which passes through the hole, and the brush slides in a rectangular
slot. The brush is pressed on the commutator by a spring whose tension can be adjusted by changing
the position of lever on the notches. A flexible copper pigtail mounted at the top of the brush conveys
the current from the brush to the holder.

9. Bearings

Any rotating device need bearings, which allow the rotating part to move very freely. The
bearings are fitted in the end covers, so as to reduce the friction between rotating part and stationary
part (shaft and end cover). The commonly used bearings are ball bearings, rollerbearings and sleeve
bearings. Generally grease is used for lubrication purpose in these bearings. For more applications
bearings are made of Brass or Alloy of steel.

SBTET, AP
10. Shaft and cooling fan

A shaft is generally made of mild steel. The devices which are mounted on the shaft are (i)
Hub of commutator (ii) Armature. core (iii) Cooling fan and (iv) Bearings. The pulley is also mounted
on the shaft after the side cover to enable the mechanical energy to the load. A fan is mounted over
the shaft in opposite direction of the commutator

11. End cover or Side cover

These are made with cast iron and are used to cover the machine from the sides. End covers
are provided with ventilating ducts for the air circulation. There are two types of end covers namely
the front end cover and the rear end cover. Front end cover isconnected to yoke on commutator side
and the rear end cover on the shaft side. These are attached to the machine by means of screws or
bolts and nuts.

12. Eye bolt

It is fixed on the top of the body or yoke . It is used for lifting the machine. Eye bolts may be
one or two in number depending upon the size of the machine. These are made with cast iron.

SBTET, AP
13. Terminal box

It is attached to the body of the machine and various terminals from armature, field winding
and inter poles are brought here. These terminals are insulated from each other and from the body of
the machine. The names are assigned to each terminal in the terminal box.

14. Ventilating ducts and Base plate:

The Base plate is also attached to the body of the machine. Holes are provided to the base
plate, so that the machine may be fixed to the foundation by means of bolts and nuts. These are
made of cast iron.

RESULT:
IDENTIFIED VARIOUS PARTS IN A CUT SECTIONAL
a) DC SHUNT MOTOR
b) DC SERIES MOTOR
c) DC COMPOUND MOTOR

SBTET, AP