ĐỀ SỐ 3

A: MULTIPLE CHOICE (40 PTS)

I. PHONOLOGY (5 PTS)
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. A. choreograph B. Christianity C. archaic D. chivalry
2. A. slaughter B. borough C. drought D. laughter
3. A. humane B. locate C. strategy D. rabies
4. A. wretched B. blessed C. allegedly D.knackered
5. A. realm B. cleanse C. heather D. meager
Choose the word which is stressed differently from the other three.
6. A. architecture B. comparison C. championship D. communism
7. A. propaganda B. influential C. mediocre D. obligatory
8. A. addressee B. referee C. employee D. nominee
9. A. malice B. leopard C. phenom D. cohort
10. A. unaffected B. unanimous C. unaccountable D. unambiguoi

II. WORD CHOICE (5 PTS)

Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
11. When I finish writing this composition, I’m going to................and go to bed.
A. make time B. hit the hay C. hit the big time D. call it a day
12. Mary usually buys her clothes................ It's cheaper than going to a dressmaker.
A. in public B. on the shelf C. off the peg D. on the house
13. You are at................ to do what you like.
A. freedom B. olds C. disposal D. liberty
14. Without written evidence, we don't have a................on.
A. leg to stand B. foot to stand C. leg to lean D. foot to lean
15. It was very strange but I had a(n) ................ that the plane would crash.
A. intuition B. omen C. premonition D. prediction
16. Although he spoke slowly, I found it difficult at times to follow the................of his argument.
A. soool B. track C. thread D. path
17.I intend to................an official complaint to the Director.
A. write B. lodge C. place D.take
18. The transport strikes a real................, which will make it very difficult for me to get to work.
A. pain in the back B. nuisance C. last straw D. frustration
19. ................benefits include a new car and free health insurance.
A. Well B. Fringe C. Edge D. Verge
20. Mind that the baby shouldn't touch the knife; it's as sharp as a................
A. blade B. sword C.cut D. razor
III. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES (5 PTS)
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
21. He prefers to attend Economics University rather than................
A. going to Polytechnic B. to be accepted to Polytechnic
C. studying Polytechnic D. to attend Polytechnic
22. It pays................some professional advice before you make a decision.
A. get B. getting C. to getting D. to get
23. It................able to finish it in an hour.
A. can't have been too hard if you had been C. couldn't be too hard if you are
B. couldn't be too hard if you were D. couldn't be too hard if you had been
24. It could have been a lot worse................there.
A. when he had not been C. had he not been
B. for he had not been D. whether or not he had been
25. ................believed to be over 300 species of trees in EL Yunque rain forest in Puerto Rico.
A. There are B. They are C. It is D. Is has been
26. ................classified as a carnivore, the North American Grizzly bear eats berries and even grass.
A. Just B. Because of C. Although D. Either
27. I'm ................my brother is.
A. nothing near as ambitious
B. nothing as ambitious than
C. nowhere like so ambitious
D. nowhere near as ambitious as
28. On the island................the only representation of the Indians' handicraft.
A. does it remain B. remain C. did it remain D. remains it
29. It is advised that not only Tam but also his friends................punctual.
A. be B. are C. is D.were
30. Many a boy................come up with many ideas.
A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
IV. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (5 PTS)
31. If you pay the restaurant bill with your credit card, I’ll................ with your later.
A. settle down B. payback C. settle up D. pay up
32. Demand for the products is expected to peak 5 years from now and then to.................
A. taper off B. fall down C. set back D. drift away
33. It was an embarrassing situation, but she managed to ................
A. laugh at it B. laugh on it C. laugh it off D. laugh it out
34. The police................a good deal of criticism over their handling of the demonstration.
A. came in for B. brought about C. went down with D. opened up
35. The rain was simply................down on the deserted street.
A. pelting B. spraying C. showering D. dripping
36. As we were waiting on the pavement, a black Mercedes ................besides us.
A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled off D. pulled through
37.I was................the impression that you liked Indian food.
A. on B.with C. over D. under
38. Ms. Dung, your former teacher, ................as a very sympathetic person. She can be a shoulder to cry on.
A. comes out B. comes at C. comes over D. comes about
39. She brought................the deal even though nobody thought she was capable of doing it.
A. in B. off C. out D. down
40. It took the parents a long time to................their children's game.
A. catch up with B. catch up C. catch on to D. catch out
V. GUIDED CLOZE 1 (5 PTS)
Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.
(41) ................ Christmas evolved in the United States, new customs were (42) ................ and many old ones
were reworked.The legend of Santa Claus, for example, had (43) ................in Europe and was brought by
Dutch settlers to New York in the early 18th century.
Traditionally, Santa Clause - from the Dutch Sinter Klaas - was depicted (44) ................a tall, dignified,
religious figure riding a white horse (45) ................the air. Known as Saint Nicholas in Germany, he was
usually accompanied by Black Peter, an elf who punished disobedient children. In North America , he
(46) ................ developed into a flat, jolly old gentleman who had neither the religious (47) ................of Saint
Nicholas nor the (48) ................disciplinarian character of Black Peter.
Santa's transformation began in 1823, when a New York newspaper published the poem "A visit from
Saint Nicholas", which Clement Clack Moore had written to amuse his daughter. The poem introduced many
Americans to the story of a kindly saint who flew over housetops in a reindeer- drawn sleigh. Portraits and
drawings of Santa Claus by American illustrator Thomas Nast Further (49) ................ the legend during the
second half of the 19th century. Living at the North Pole and assisted by elves, the modern Santa produced
and delivered toys to all good children. By the late 19th century, he had become such a (50) ................figure
of American folklore that in 1897, when Virginia O'Hanlon wrote to the New York Sun newspaper asking if
Santa was real, she received a direct answer: "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus."
41. A. As B. Since C. Through D. Now that
42. A. adapted B. acclaimed C. adopted D. assumed
43. A. roots B. stems C. origins D. backgrounds
44. A. by B. as C.for D. into
45. A. up B. on C. at D. through
46. A. eventually B. at last C. finally D. ultimately
47. A. hopes B. roles C. temperaments D. attributes
48. A. severe B. strict C. harsh D. austere
49. A. strengthened B. consolidated C. confirmed D. bettered
50. A. prominent B. prime C. domineering D. principle

VI. GUIDED CLOZE 2 (5PTS)

CARNIVOROUS PLANTS
All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the
soil does not contain enough (51)....................nutrients, some plants have adapted to (52) ....................
their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous
plants are (53) .................... fascinating beings that "eat" anything from one-celled organisms to insects in
order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of
"traps" to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil.
While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more
(54) ....................than others.
The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps
are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together.
Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (55) ....................to movement. When the
plant's prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes
together, trapping the prey (56) ....................inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal
(57) ....................speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the
prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their (58) .....................
The plant then secretes liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all
of its nutrients. Besides the Venus fly trap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (59) ....................to
as the waterwheel plant. The
two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant,
while the fly trap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the fly trap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders,
while the waterwheel lives (60) ....................simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.
51. A. vital B. essential C. crucial D. indispensable
52. A. enlarge B. modify C. supplement D. augment
53. A. nevertheless B. nonetheless C. though D. contradictorily
54. A. prevailing B. prevalent C. current D. domineering
55. A. liable B. prone C. sensitive D. vulnerable
56. A. closely B. irreplaceably C. steadily D. securely
57. A. in regard to B. in accordance with C. in preference to D. on merits of
58. A. hold B. fist C.grip D. seizure
59. A. denoted B. indicated C. referred D. implicated
60. A. off B. onto C.with D. through

VII. READING PASSAGE 1 (5PTS)

Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question.

GERTUDE STEIN
One of the most influential literary figures of the twentieth century was American author Gertude
Stein. Her literary style and vision was often a radical departure from traditional methods, which relied on a
more linear plotline. Instead, stein focused on language itself by employing Methods of repetition and
spontaneity in an attempt to mirror human consciousness. But, Stein's lnfluence did not stop with her writing.
As an expatriate in Paris, she was responsible for bringing some of the greatest minds in art and literature
together at her apartment, Salon 27. The Spanish painter Pablo Picasso and American writer Ernest
Hemingway were two frequent visitors. Indeed Stein was the one who coined the phrase "Lost Generation"
to denote up- and -coming Americar writers living in Paris at the time mainly due to their disillusionment
with art as a whole bad home. While Gertrude Stein may not be the most recognizable figure in literature, her
persona and literary influence on artists was invaluable.
Stein began living in Paris in 1903. Eventually, her flat, Salon 27, became a center of intellectual
exchange for writers and artists. Before long, she became an integral part of the artistic and literary scene in
the city and befriended numerous important figures, such as Picasso and Matisse. They would meet there
weekly, where they could expound on new theories of art, philosophy, literature, politics and social issues in
the stimulating, productive environmen provided by Stein. Without Stein's Salon 27, it is quite possible that
many of the artists and writers of the day never would have crossed paths, and the individual disciplines
would not have become as diverse or fully developed as they eventually did. These interactions also became
a major influence on Stein's own literary style.
Stein became enamored with Picasso's cubist style, and, as a result, many of his earliest work adorned
the walls of her apartment. But they were not simply decorative, Cubism attempts to reduce the subject form
its natural form into an abstract, geometrical shape capable of numerou angles of perception. In a similar
fashion, Stein wrote in a style that took into consideration every possible angle of her subject matter. She
wanted to give readers the opportunity to view her work on many different levels, not just a single, flat
surface. But, unlike the cubist who relied on formal structure to some degree, Stein took it a step further and
placed less emphasis on formal writing structures such as grammar and syntax and focused on what she
called "automatic" language which was spontaneous and repetitive and relied more on the spoken word.
In many ways, Stein's style was a reaction against nineteenth century authors'tendency to place order
and structure above all other considerations. Stein revolutionized the style of the twentieth century by
undermining traditional, expected methods that came before the modern era. stein focused on the process of
writing, not its ultimate result. She also believed that all parts of a sentence were equally important. For
example, to her, an article was as important as a noun, and a conjunction was as vital as a verb. In essence,
every part of a sentence was related.She learned this from painters, who believed every brushstroke on a
canvass contributed to the whole and could not be left out. Furthermore, the act of perception, whether it be
art or literature, was crucial, not the ultimate outcome because to Stein, consciousness never ceases. It is
continuous, so it became her task to try to embody the movement of consciousness in her work through
techniques such ai the repetition of words or spontaneity rather than depicting events or a plotline in a linear
fashion.
In many ways, Stein's writing mirrors the chaotic, detached atmosphere of post- World War I Paris,
yet it also marks the moment when literature began to leave the nineteenth century behind in favor of a more
modernist style of imagination and innovation. It is also a clear precursor of stream of consciousness, which
dominated writing styles during the rest of the twentieth century in American. For instance, Hemingway's
style in many of his early novels is clearly influenced by stein. While Stein was able to capitalize on artistic
renditions of life and translate them into literature, other artists benefited from her willingness to reject the
accepter traditions and create her own.
61. The word "radical" is closest in meaning to.....................
A. gradual B. abrupt C. swift D. drastic
62. The author's description of Gertrude Stein mentions which of the following?
A. She was originally from Paris and later moved to the US.
B. Her writing style was centered on a structured plotline.
C. She attempted to focus on the linguistic side of writing.
D. Her work was quite controversial due to its extreme nature.
63. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 1 about American expatriates in Paris?
A. They did not completely agree with Picasso's style at first.
B. They were more satisfied with the creative capacity of Europe.
C. They attempted to forge a new style of literary consciousness.
D. They rarely met together in Stein's apartment to converse.
64. The author discusses Salon TJ in Paragraph 2 in order to.....................
A. illustrate its relevance as a place of artistic interaction of the time.
B. note it is where the painters Matisse and Picasso first met one another.
C. indicate it was an adequate place for such great minds to mingle.
D. show that artists of the day lacked a meeting place at which to gather.
65. According to paragraph 3, stein followed the cubist style because....................
A. it focused on the geometric forms inherent in most subject matter
B. it gave her a way to present her reader with various perspectives
C. it was the simplest form with which to interpret and understand her work
D. it eschewed the secondary parts in favor of the major parts of art.
66. The word "undermining" in the passage is closest in meaning to.....................
A. simplifying B. overshadowing c. promoting D. weakening
67. The author's description of Stein's revolutionary style mentions all of the following EXCEPT....................
A. She placed reason, order and logic above all other facets of her technique
B. She considered each part of the sentence to be essential to its weight and meaning
C. She did not believe that the finality of a work of literature was very important
D. She attempted to capture the movement of consciousness through various techniques
68. The word "embody" in the passage is closest in meaning to.....................
A. evade B. express C. simplify D. replicate
69. According to paragraph 5, Stein's style is a product of the era because....................
A. it translates the sentiment of Europeans during a time of reconstruction.
B. it is more imaginative and innovative than anything the world had seen
C. it continues the former structural traditions present before World War II
D. it rejects the past and is fashioned out of the sentiment of post-war Europe
70. The word "renditions" in the passage is closest in meaning to....................
A. interpretations B. outlooks C. perspectives D. concepts
VIII. READING PASSAGE 2 (5PTS)
Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question.
According to accounts, when the first astronauts in space looked down and saw the Earth floating in
the vast black void, they had what can only be described as a profound spiritual experience; in an instant they
had attained a 'global consciousness' in which all national and international boundaries disappeared, and they
were left with the awesome realization that they were mere 'planetary citizens'. To the astronauts, the planet
looked as if it were some huge single living system. The photographs they brought back touched us all in
some way, and the blue sphere in space came to symbolize the oneness of all humanity and life on Earth. The
idea that the planet might be alive, strange though it sounds, was soon to gain credence, even among the
scientific community.
Not long afterwards in the 1970s, the hypothesis that the Earth's biosphere actually functions as a
single living system was put forward by Dr. James Lovelock, a British scientist and inventor who had been
commissioned by NASA to help determine whether or not there was life on Mars. By comparing the
atmospheres of both planets, he soon realized that, while Mars had a stable, unchanging,'dead'atmosphere,
Earth had no such equilibrium, and that there were some complex processed going on. It was this imbalance
that made the planet suitable for sustaining life. He postulated that: 'the physical and chemical condition of
the surface of the Earth, of the atmosphere and of the oceans has been, and is, actively made fit and
comfortable by the presence of life itself ...in contrast to the conventional wisdom which held that life
adapted to the planetary conditions as it, and they, evolved their separate ways.'
Suffice it to say, Lovelock knew that when looking at the Earth in this way, what he was seeing was
not so much a planet that just happened to be suitable for sustaining life, but a self-evolving and self-
regulating system that adjusted itself to support life. This seemed to qualify the Earth as a living entity in her
own right, so he named her'Gaia' - after the Greek goddess who was said to have drawn the living world forth
from Chaos - and the'Gaia hypothesis'was born.
Lovelockfirst published his idea in 1979 in his book, Gaia, a New Look at Life on Earth, although the
science behind the hypothesis was still imprecise. The ideas in the book provoked a storm of criticism, but
also generated a lot of research, which has since led to profound new insights about life on Earth. For
instance, Lovelock knew that the heat of the sun has increased by 25% since life began on Earth, yet he did
not understand by which process the temperature on the surface had been kept at the optimum conditions
suitable for sustaining life.
Since that time, many of the mechanisms by which Gaia regulates her systems have been identified.
For example, it has been shown that cloud formation over the open ocean is almost I entirely a function of
the metabolism of oceanic algae. Previously, it was thought that this I cloud formation was a purely chemical
phenomenon. Further research suggested that Gaia has i automatically been controlling global temperature,
atmospheric content, ocean salinity, and other factors in order to'maintain the conditions suitable for its own
survival', in much the same way that any individual organism regulates its body temperature, blood salinity
etc.
Similarly, all the life forms on the planet are a part of Gaia, in a way analogous to the different organs
in a body, each with its own function. The oceans and atmosphere act as the planet's circulatory and
temperature control systems, while the tropical rainforests could be compared to the liver, cleansing the body
of toxins. In their diversity, the myriad life forms of earth co-evolve and contribute interactively to produce
and sustain the system as a whole.
Some of Lovelock's critics took his hypothesis to imply that the Earth was behaving with a sense of
purpose, that it was being a technological being, actively controlling the climate and so on. However,
Lovelock had never stated that planetary self- regulation was purposeful, only that it was a living, highly
complex system. No one doubts that plants or bacteria are alive, yet they do not produce processes nearly as
complicated as the Earth's.
The Gaia Theory has already had a huge impact on science and has inspired many leading figures of
the past 20 years, who have written and spoken eloquently about how we can model human activities that are
beneficial to the living systems of our planet. By making US more aware of the damage we are doing to the
ecosystem, Gaia theory may also help US to survive. We are just one part of a larger system, and are reliant
on that system for our continued existence. As Lovelock said:' if we see the world as a superorganism of
which we are a part - not the owner, nor the tenant, not even a passenger- we could have a long time ahead of
us and our species might survive for its'allotted span'. It all depends on you and me.'
* A being with an ultimate purpose/design towards an end.
71. The first astronauts in space were ....................
A. conscious of the lack of physical boundaries between nations
B. forced to adjust their perspective of their place in the cosmos
C. profoundly affected by the symbolism of the Earth
D. made aware of the life - forces operating on Earth
72. The word "credence" is closest in meaning to.....................
A. acceptance B. concordance C. protection D. rejection
73. Dr. James Lovelock had originally....................
A. been an inventor in Britain
C. been employed to compare Mars with Earth
B. been looking for Martian life
D. proved Mars was a dead planet
74. the word " they" in paragraph 2 refers to ....................
A. life on Earth B. planetary conditions
C. oceans D. atmosphere and temperatures
75. Lovelock surmised that.....................
A. Earth's inconstant atmosphere was a bi-product of life on the planet
B. the chemical condition of the Earth had come about by accident
C. the imbalance of gases on Earth had created life
D. life had evolved to survive in Earth's planetary conditions
76. Research has shown that.....................
A. the various planetary systems are regulated by different mechanisms. ,
B. clouds are formed by metabolic chemical changes in the sky
C. the saltiness of the seas is due to the presence of oceanic algae
D. Gaia can ultimately control her own survival
77. The word "analogous" is closest in meaning to.....................
A. consistent B. comparable C. related D. traceable
78. According to Gaia theory....................
A. the planet has physical biological organs similar to a person's
B. the oceans control the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere
C. the rainforests can remove all the pollution from the Earth
D. each species on Earth has a part to play in the planet's survival
79. According to Lovelock, .....................
A. higher forces are at work behind the Earth's existence and survival
B. the earth had developed senses and was conscious of its purpose
C. the complex life - forces on earth are equal to the sum of a living being
D. bacteria and plants are alive but can only produce simple processes
80. The Gaia hypothesis may ultimately ensure the immediate survival of ....................
A. the planet Earth B. the human species
C. the ecosystem D. all life on Earth

A: WRITTEN TEST (70PTS)

I. CLOZE TEST: READ THE TEXT BELOW AND THINK OF THE WORD WHICH BEST FITS
EACH SPACE. USE ONLY ONE WORD FOR EACH SPACE.
OPEN CLOZE 1 (10 PTS)
Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which derive their
(1) ....................from the Japanese expression for"high water in a harbor".These waves are also referred to by
the general public as tidal waves, although they have relatively (2) .................... to do with tides. Scientists
often refer to them as seismic sea waves, far more appropriate in (3) ....................they do result from
undersea seismic activity.
Tsunamis are caused when the sea bottom suddenly moves, during an underwater earthquake or
volcano, for example, and the water above the moving earth is suddenly displaced.This sudden shift of water
sets off a series of waves. These waves can travel great distances at speeds close to 700 kilometers per hour.
In the (4) ....................ocean, tsunamis have little noticeable amplitude, often no more than one or two
meters. It is when they hit the shallow water (5) ....................they increase in (6) ...................., possibly up to
40 meters.Tsunamis often occur in the Pacific because the Pacific is an area of (7) ....................seismic
activity. Two areas of the Pacific (8) ....................accustomed to the threat of tsunamis are Japan and Hawaii.
Because the seismic activity that causes tsunamis in Japan often (9) ....................on the ocean bottom quite
close to the islands, the tsunamis that hit Japan often comes with little (10) .................... and can therefore
prove disastrous.
OPEN CLOZE 2 (1 OPTS)
The response of mostanimals when suddenly faced with apredator is to flee.(11) ....................
selection has acted in a variety of ways in different (12) ....................to enhance the efficacy of the behaviors,
known as "flight behaviors"or escape behaviors that are used by prey in fleeing predators I that are used by
prey in fleeing predators. Perhaps the most direct adaptation is enhanced flight (13) ....................and agility.
Adaptations for speed, however, are likely to require sacrifices biter attributes, so we might expect
only some species to adopt a simple fast flight strategy. Another way of enhancing the f effectiveness of
flight is to move in an erratic and unpredictable (14) ..................... Many species,like ptarmigans, snipes, and
various antelopes and gazelles, flee from predators in a characteristic ' zigzag fashion. Rapid unexpected
changes in flight direction (15) ....................it difficult for a predator to track (16) ..................... In some
species, like the European hare, erratic zigzag flight might be more effective in the (17) ....................of
predators that are faster than they are and straight light more effective against predators that are
(18) ..................... A quite different way of enhancing escape by flight is to use so-called "flash" behavior.
Here, the alarmed prey flees for a short distance and then "freezes." Some predators are unexcited by
(19) ....................prey, and a startling flash of activity followed by immobility may confuse them. "Flash"
behavior is used in (20) ....................by frogs and orthopteran insects.
II. WORD FORMATION (20PTS)
PART 1:
Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
1. This involved some ...................... dealings with the chief of the police. (HAND)
2. Ensure your screen colors are not causing eye strain. Avoid fluorescent ......................screens. (COLOR)
3. You can travel from one end of the park to the other on a...................... railway. (MINIMIZE)
4. Mr. Madill stated that the...................... against him were unfounded.(ALLEGE)
5. The lingering war in the country has brought about nothing but the...................... effects of poverty and
squalor. (HUMAN)
6. The ...................... between blacks and whites are more and more common. (MARRY)
7. I don't thinkTom's getting too much sleep lately. His eyes are terribly....................... (BLEED)
8. He has unwavering belief in something unreal such as...................... forces. (NORMALITY)
9. ...................... can be dangerously close to racism. (NATION)
10. The world champion was...................... by a younger Russian challenger. (THRONE)
PART 2:
Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given in the box.
kick leaver likelihood ecstasy relation
adventurous nurture count attend remark

Over the years, there have been (11) fans of the classic Hanna - Barbera cartoon character Yogi Bear.
The cartoon series enjoyed by young and old alike revolved mostly around the (12)................. of this
loveable bear and his (13) ................. Boo- Boo as they tried unsuccessfully to snag "pic-a-nic" baskets in the
made-up land of Jellystone Park. It is not often that people think about where the ideas for these cartoon
characters come from, which brings up an interesting point: do bears actually search for food (14) .................
in picnic baskets and (15) .................campsites?
(16) ................. enough, bears have been known to seek out food from some (17) .................sources,
including picnic baskets, on top of their usual diet of berries, insects and fish. Bears work throughout the
summer and fall to build up fat stores so as to have energy enough to last them through their winter
hibernations. (18) ................. to this is their need to replenish their depleted reserves when they wake up in
the spring. Food is generally scarce in the early spring, and consequently they will (19) ................. indulge in
any foods that are (20) ................. This is the main reason for many incidents involving bears entering
campsites in search of food.
III. ERROR CORRECTION (10PTS)
The following passage contains 10 errors. Identify and correct them.
Many flowering plants woo insect pollinators and gently direct them to their most fertile blossoms by
changing the colors of individual flowers from day to day. Through color cues, the plant signals for the insect
that it would be better off visiting one flower on its bush than other. The particular hue tells the pollination
that the flower is full of far more pollen than are neighboring blooms. That nectar-rich flower also happens to
be fertile and ready to disperse its pollen or to receive pollen the insect has picked out from another flower.
Plants do not have to spend precious resources remaining reservoirs of nectar in all their flowers. Thus, the
color-code communication system benefits both plants and insects.
For example, on the lantana plant, a flower starts out on the first day as yellow, when it is rich with
pollen and nectar. Influenced by an as-yet-unidentified environmental signal, the flower changes its color of
triggering the production of the pigment anthromyacin. It turns orange on the second day and red on the
third. By the third day, it has no pollen to offer insects and is no longer fertile. On any given lantana bush,
only 10 to 15 percent of the blossoms are likely to be yellow and fertile. But in the tests measuring the
response of butterflies, it's discovered that the insects visited the yellow flowers at least 100 times more than
would be expected from haphazard visitation. Experiments with paper flowers demonstrated that the
butterflies were responding with color cues rather than, say, the scent of the nectar.
In other types of plants, blossoms change from white to red, others from yellow to red, and so
on.These color changes have been observed in 74 families of plants.
IV.SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20PTS)
Rewrite the following sentences using the words given.
1. This liver condition is common among those who drink a lot.
This liver condition............................................................................................................ drinkers.
2. "I think the whole idea is ridiculous," he said
 He dismissed...................................................................................................................................
3. He threatened the officers with violence.
He....................................................................................................................................................
4. It shouldn't have surprised me that my children didn't like the new, cheaper ice- cream.
 I might............................................................................................................................................
5. Her lateness made the boss angry. (BANANAS)
It was because she ..........................................................................................................................
6. She wore headphones in order not to disturb anyone.
She wore headphones lest................................................................................................................
7. She is not very good at arranging flowers. (FLAIR)
.........................................................................................................................................................
8. Bill changed his ways when he came out of prison. (LEAF)
.........................................................................................................................................................
9. You must not, I repeat not, open this box until Christmas Day. (TO)
 Under..................................................................................................opened until Christmas Day.
10. Her early success has made her very conceited.(HEAD)
........................................................................................................................................................

ĐỀ SỐ 4
PART ONE: PHONOLOGY
A. Find the word that has its underlined part pronounced differently from the other three in each
question. (5 points)
1 A. massage B. carriage C. voyage D. dosage
2. A. dimension B. expansion C. confusion D. tension
A. increase B. ink C. pink D. thank
4, A. apology B. classify C. testify D. verify
5, A. beloved B. naked C. ploughed D. learned

B. Find the word with the stress pattern different from that of the other three words in each
question. (5 points)
1. A. obvious B. notorious C. credulous D. numerous
2. A. dialect B. diagram C. diagonal D.diamond
3. A. Europe B. monument C. province D. minority
4. A. obsolete B. complete C. compete D. deplete
5. A. consent B. obstinacy C. condolence D. equality

PART TWO: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

A. Choose the best answer. (10 points)
1. She loved tennis and could watch it till the...................came home.
A. she B. everyone C. horses D. cows
2. Could you close the window? There is a bit of a...................
A. current B.wind C. draught D. breeze
3. Thousands of steel..................were used as the framework of the new office block.
A. beams B. girders C. stakes D. piles
4. The ceiling fans were on, but unfortunately they only..................the hot, humid air.
A. stirred up B. poured through C. turned into D. cut back
5. He set one alarm-clock for five o'clock and the other for five past so as to..................that he did not
oversleep.
A. assure B. ensure C. insure D. reassure
6. When Tim was eating a cherry, he accidentally swallowed the...................
A. nut B. stone C. seed D. core
7. It was only..................he told me his surname that I realised that we had been to the same school.
A. then B. until C. as soon as D.when
8. He got an excellent grade in his examination..................the fact that he had not worked particularly hard.
A. on account of B. because C. in spite of D. although
9. Their eventual choice of house was..................by the time Peter would take to get to the office.
A. related B. consequent C. determined D. dependent
10. It turned out that we..................rushed to the airport as the plane was delayed by several hours.
A. hadn't B. should have C. mustn't D. needn't have
B. Supply the correct form of the word provided in brackets in each sentence. (5 points)
1. His busy schedule made him completely (access) ..................to his students.
2. He works for UNESCO in a purely (advice) ..................role.
3. The sun and the moon are often (person) ..................in poetry.
4. I've never known such a (quarrel) ..................person.
5.I don't care if you had had too much to drink. Your behaviour last night was (defend) ..................
C. Choose the right verbs provided in the box, then use the most suitable forms of the verbs to fill in
the numbered blanks. (5 points)
break call slow take draw
1. The red car has just..................up in front of our house. Are we expecting anyone ?
2. His condition is worse than before. I think we should..................in a doctor.
3. I've won a million pound! I don't believe it! I simply can't..................it in!
4. Could you..................down, please. I don't like driving so fast on country roads.
5. I'm sorry. I'm late. The car has..................down again. I've left it about a mile down the street.
D. From the four underlined words or phrases (A), (B), (C), or (D), identify the one that is not Correct.
(10 points)
1. Anthropologists (A) agree that our (B) primitive ancestors who inhabited the tropics (C) probably have
natural protection (D) against the sun.
2. A good exercise program (A) helps teach people (B) to avoid the habits that (C) might shorten (D) the
lives.
3. (A) A thunder usually follows lightning by five (B) seconds (C) for every mile (D) between the flash and
the observer.
4. Forgery, in law, is the fabrication or (A) altering of a (B) written document (C) with the intent to deceive
or (D) defraud.
5. During the first half of the nineteenth century, (A) immigrants to the United States were (B) predominant
from Western Europe; after the Civil War, however, new arrivals came mainly (C) from Eastern and
Southern Europe, (D) as well as from Asia.
6. Bill Gates built his microcomputer (A) software company into one of the largest (B) in the nation, and in
(C) doing so became one of the country's wealthiest and most respected (D) man.
7. With his many theories, Albert Einstein (A) did a great impact on physics, (B) so much so that he is (C)
often called the greatest physicist of (D) all time.
8. Since rats are (A) destructive and (B) may carry disease, (C) therefore many cities try to exterminate (D)
them.
9. In (A) that age of computers, (B) it is difficult to imagine how tedious (C) the work of accountants and
clerks must (D) have been in the past.
10. Made up (A) of more than 150 member countries, the organization (B) known as the United Nations (C)
were established after World War II (D) to preserve international peace and security.
E. Supply the correct tense of the verb in brackets. (8 points)
1. You must tell me the truth. I insist on (tell) the truth.
2. (Thompson catch) the ball, we would have won the game.
3. Don't worry. We (finish) the report by 11 o'clock.
4. Fred was pleased (admit) to the college.
5. There were some people (row) on the river.
6. Alex has a test tomorrow that he needs to study for. He (not watch) TV right now.
7. Were I (know) the answer, I (tell) you right away.
8. By the end of last year, he (read) four Shakespeare plays and by next year, he (read) two more.

PART THREE: READING

A. Read the passage and then decide which word (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space. (10 points)
WHALING
Rock carving suggest that stone Age people were hunting whales for food as early as 2200 B.C. Such
(1)......................Shunting is still practiced today in a number of (2) ......................including the Inuit people
of Greenland and North America.
Whaling became big business from the seventh century as the (3) ......................for whalebone
and whale oil rose, and humpback and sperm whales were hunted in (4) ......................large numbers. But just
as stocks of these species began to fall, the explosive harpoon-gun was (5) .......................This weapon,
together with the development of steam-power ships, (6) ......................the whalers to hunt the fast-moving
fin and blue whales.
In 1905 the whaling (7) ......................moved to the waters of Antarctica. The introduction of massive
factory ships enabled the whales to be processed at sea. As a result, the blue whale had
(8) ......................disappeared by the 1950s. In 1946 the International Whaling Commission was established
to maintain the declining whale populations. Quotas were (9) ......................but these were often
(10) ......................and numbers continued to fall. Hunting of many species continued until 1986 when the
IWC finally responded to international pressure and a ban on commercial whaling was introduced.
1. A. survival B. essential C. basic D. subsistence
2. A. groups B. societies C. races D. nationalities
3. A. demand B. desire C. request D. reliance
4. A. repeatedly B. frequently C. continually D. increasingly
5. A. invented B. discovered C. assembled D. applied
6. A. managed B. employed C. enabled D. empowered
7. A. lines B. troops C. staff D. fleets
8. A. virtually B. possibly C. uniquely D. commonly
9. A. made B.set C. placed D. done
10. A. refused B. denied C. ignored D. exempted

B. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each
space. (10 points)
Although the rise in the global temperature by 4 per cent predicted by many scientists may not sound
like much, it is the difference between now and the last Ice Age, when huge glaciers covered Europe and
most of Britain. Nobody knows (1).......................what would happen in a warmer world, but we
(2) .......................know some things. Heat a kettle and the (3) inside it expands.The (4) .......................
of the world has climbed more than half a degree this century, and the oceans have (5) .......................by at
least 10 cm.
But (6) .......................as it takes several minutes for a kettle to begin warming, (7) ....................... it
may have taken the ocean thirty years to swell. This (8) .......................that the global warming we are now
experiencing is a result only of the carbon dioxide we have dumped into the atmosphere (9) .......................to
the 1960s. Since then, the (10) .......................of fossil fuels has increased rapidly.
Scientists (11) .......................for the United nations and European governments have been warning
that (12) .......................the Dutch and the people of East Anglia will need to do will (13) .......................to
build
more extensive sea defenses. Many of the world's great cities are (14) .......................risk, because they are
(15) ....................... at sea level. Miami, (16) .......................entirely built on a sandbank, could be
(17) .........................away. But the effect of rising sea levels will be much (18) .......................for the
developing countries. With a meter rise in sea levels, 200 million could become homeless.
There are other fears too, (19) .......................to a recent United Nations report. The plight of the
hungry in northern Africa could (20) ....................... , as rainfall in the Sahara and beyond is reduced by 20
percent.
C. Read the passage and choose the correct answer for the following questions: (5 points)
All at once Hazel was coming in through the French windows, pulling off gardening gloves, and Bill
was entering through the door, both at once. So I only had time to take one quick look at her before I turned
to face him. All very confusing. What that first glimpse showed me was that time had thickened her figure
but didn't seem to have made much difference to her face. It still had good skin and youthful outlines. She
was holding a bunch of roses - must have been cutting them in the garden while waiting for me. The
gardening gloves lent a delightfully informal touch. It was quite an entrance, though Bill spoilt it a bit by
making his at the same time.
Bill seemed longer and thinner. His tightly massed hair had a tinge of grey. Apart from that, twenty
years had done nothing to him, except deepen the lines of thoughtfulness that had already, when I knew him,
begun to spread across his face. Or was that all? I looked at him again, more carefully, as he looked away
from me at Hazel. Weren't his eyes different somehow? More inward looking than ever? Gazing in not
merely at his thoughts, but at something else, something he was keeping hidden or perhaps protecting.
Then we were chattering and taking glasses in our hands, and I came back to earth. For the first ten
minutes we were all so defensive, so carefully probing, that nobody learnt anything. Bill had forgotten me
altogether, that much was clear. He was engaged in getting to know me from I scratch, very cautiously so as
not to hit a wrong note, with the object of getting me to contribute 3 big subscription to his African project. I
kept trying to absorb details about Hazel, but Bill was talking earnestly about African education, and the
strain of appearing to concentrate while actually thinking about his wife proved so great that I decided it
would be easier just to concentrate. So I did. I let him hammer away for about ten more minutes, and then the
daughter, who seemed to be acting as parlourmaid, showed in another visitor. Evidently we were to be four at
lunch.
1. What effect had time had on Hazel and Bill?
A. They had both lost weight. B. They were more withdrawn.
C. They hadn't changed at all. D. They had changed in subtle ways.
2. When they all started talking, the writer
A. relaxed at last. B. stopped dreaming.
C. spoke most to Hazel. D. began to remember things.
3. The writer found the first part of their conversation
A. sentimental. B. irritating C. uninformative. D. trivial.
4. Why did Bill speak seriously?
A. He wanted some money from the writer. B. He did not remember the writer.
C. His wife was present. D. He was talking about the past.
5. In the end the writer found Bill's conversation
A. monotonous B. convincing C. thought-provoking D.
instructive
D. You are going to read a text about closed-circuit television (CCTV) in public places. Seven
paragraphs have been removed from the text. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits
each gap (1 -7). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. (7 points)
WE'VE ALL BEEN FRAMED
Everybody's on television now. We are routinely filmed as we walk down the high street and enter
the shop to buy cl newspaper. Police cameras take over as we drive down the road to drop our children at
school. Another hidden eye watches the playground for anything suspicious. And so it goes on - in the office,
at the cashpoint, at shopping malls, stations, airports, car parks, football grounds, public squares, even public
conveniences.
1. ............................................................................................................................................................
Do the claims for drastic crime reduction attributed to CCTV by the government and local authorities
stand up to independent analysis? Could the £1 bn spent on monitoring and system costs over the past decade
have been used more effectively? If viewing surveillance is a form of power, what limits are placed on its
operation by the democratic and legal processes?
2. . ............................................................................................................................................................
When we meet in Hull, Norris and I travel to his home, where there are 10 cameras focused on
various parts of the high street. While I pay the cab driver, Norris is switching off the burglar alarm. Aha! So
he's not against using modern technology to prevent crime? Of course not. Nor does he appear enthusiastic
when I ask if he would like to get rid of all CCTV cameras tomorrow.
3. . ............................................................................................................................................................
I've never been convinced, though' he continues, 'that there could be a simple solution to crime. One
of my main complaints is that the last government Invested 80% of the crime- prevention budget on
technology which was never properly evaluated.
4. . . ...........................................................................................................................................................
.
Norris and Armstrong felt it was high time to do some evaluating themselves. They spent days,
nights, and weekends in three different control rooms - one in a poor, multi-racial inner-city area, one in a
prosperous country town and one in a major city center.'In a busy street', says Norris, 'there are hundreds of
issues to focus on. So how do you decide who's a likely trouble-maker and who's not? The answer, in all
cases, is that it's based on crude stereotypes.'
5. . . ...........................................................................................................................................................
.
Norris is slightly surprised that a country where the concept of Big Brother has become part of the
language should accept so many'little brothers and sisters'to the point where its citizens are, he says, the most
filmed in the world 'without any democratic or legal controls'. To which I point out that most people assume
that if they've done nothing wrong then they have nothing to fear.
6. . . ...........................................................................................................................................................
. State concern? What has the state got to do with it?'Peoplethinkofa camera operator watching over
them kindly but all the information is being stored. Real-time images can be connected to computers to be
analyzed.'
7. . . ...........................................................................................................................................................
.
What he sees as the possible long-term implications can best be summed up by the penultimate
paragraph of the book: 'The history of the 20th century should remind us that democratic institutions are not
assured.They can be, and have been, captured by totalitarian regimes of both left and right. We should not
trust in the myth of a benevolent government, for while it may be only a cynic who questions the benign
intent of their current rulers, it would surely be a fool who believed that such benevolence! is assured in the
future.'
A 'No, probably not/ he replies after a pause. They can be effective in limited circumstances ‘in car
parks, for instance. And with the new generation of speed cameras, we have a chance to reduce pedestrian
deaths in urban areas. Their use on railway crossings seems highly sensible and when cameras allow the
police to find a bomber, a mugger or a murderer then none of us could say it wasn't a social good.
B Norris disagrees.'We all have something to hide,'he says.'People have affairs. People hide their true
feelings about others. Are these really matters of state concern?'
C Answers to these and many other questions are to be found in Norris and Armstrong's book, The
Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV. I decided to meet one of them in person.
D So where is all this leading? Should we be alarmed about what is likely to happen in the future -
not tomorrow or the next day, perhaps, but some years from now?
E In other words the targets are men rather than women, young men rather than middle- aged or
elderly men. If you're a young man in a baseball cap, then your every move is likely to be under
observation.'Older men are largely ignored,'Norris says.
F Occasionally, we catch sight of ourselves on a screen in one of these places. But the real addicts of
closed-circuit television are the ones who are paid to watch, day and night. Dr Clive Norris and Dr Gary
Armstrong have spent a total of 600 hours in control rooms watching the people who watch us. Both are
lecturers in criminology and both are worried about the phenomenal growth of CCTV surveillance in recent
years. Accordingly, they set out to ask some questions.
G If the control room spots one of these crimes taking place, it doesn't mean that the police or the
security guards will respond, he says. 'They have their own agendas. In our 600 hours they went into action
just 43 times'
H The present government, on the other hand, has begun a massive program of crime reduction and
they should be congratulated on providing a lot of money for evaluation. But while the use of CCTV
continues to spread, there still hasn't been a properly conducted survey into its effectiveness.'
 PART FOUR: WRITING
A. Finish each of the sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed
before it. (10 points)
1. Tim insisted on being told the complete story.
Nothing but. . ......................................................................................................................................................
2.NShe never seems to succeed, even though she works hard.
However . . ..........................................................................................................................................................
3. Andrew is the most generous person I have ever met
I've yet. . ..............................................................................................................................................................
4. She never seems to succeed even though she studies much.
Much. . .......................................................................................................................................................... ......
5.I never thought that I would win a prize
It had. . .................................................................................................................................................................

B. Write a new sentence using the word given. (10 points) don't think the television's likely to blow up
at any minute.
1. I don’t think the television’s likely to blow up at any minute.
LIKELIHOOD. . ..................................................................................................................................................
2. This car only cost me five hundred pounds.
PICKED . . ............................................................................................................................................................
3. Someone paid five thousand pounds for the painting.
WENT . . ..............................................................................................................................................................
4. We have made neither a profit nor a loss this year.
EVEN . . ..............................................................................................................................................................
5. In 1967 programs began to be transmitted in color.
ADVENT. . ..........................................................................................................................................................